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Key concepts

• Integers are whole numbers that don’t have any fractions or decimal parts. Integers can be greater than zero (positive), equal to zero, or less than zero (negative).

• Examples of integers include −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, 3, and so on.

• Place value is the value of a digit in a number based on its position

• The value of each digit is ten times smaller than the digit to its left.

• When we say numbers, we note that they occur in a pattern of hundreds, tens and ones.

MillionsThousandsHundreds

HundredsTensOnesHundredsTensOnesHundredsTensOnes

• Fractions let us represent parts of a whole. They consist of a numerator (the top number) and a denominator (the bottom number).

• The numerator represents how many parts are being considered, whereas the denominator represents how many equal parts make up the whole.

• For instance, 3 4 represents three parts out of four, where four parts is equal to one whole.

• Decimals (e.g. 3.01) are another way of representing parts of a whole. The decimal point separates the whole number from its fractional part.

• Each digit after the decimal point represents a value that is ten times smaller than the digit to its left (e.g. 0.1 is one tenth, 0.01 is one hundredth).

• Percentages are fractions out of 100.

• For example, 25% = 0.25 = 25 100

• We can convert between fractions, decimals and percentages.

• One way of doing this is to first convert the number into tenths and hundredths. This makes it easier for us to write the number in the desired form.