Canterbury Farming, November 2018 by Canterbury Farming

30,287 copies distributed monthly – to every rural mailbox in Canterbury and the West Coast

November 2018 Edition

INSIDE It’s showtime THIS EDITION Stilgoe’s award

p7 Education

p16 Feature lift-out Photo by Dean mackenzie

Ringmaster: Canterbury A&P Association’s Show president Tim black poses for a publicity shot for this month’s New Zealand Agricultural Show.

p23 IVF for dairy

p39

❚ by Kent Caddick A new name and new challenges for the Canterbury A&P Association as it heads into its 156th annual Show this month. Last year the Association decided to rename the event the New Zealand Agricultural Show and this year’s Show president Tim Black is more than comfortable with that. “Canterbury has the biggest A&P Show in the country but we needed to take it to the next stage,” Black said. “For the sake of our sponsors and exhibitors we had to look at the Show in terms of a national viewpoint not just a regional one. “I have just been up to the Royal A&P Show in the Hawkes Bay and it is comforting

to reflect on the fact that were are the biggest show in the country and that’s not taking anything away from all the other shows as each region has its own strengths. “We are not trying to compete with all the other shows, it’s just that we need to stand on our own two feet and promote what we are doing. “We also are not competing with field days either as we are a different entity as we have a focus on the animals.” Black said it had been a challenging lead up to the Show. “We have had a setback this year with the M.bovis disease, and just a few days out from entries closing we didn’t have any entries in the cattle section.

“However, we have been proactive along with MPI to ensure we have the systems in place to make it minimal risk to the exhibitors.” The relationship with MPI paid off and Black said they now have entries into the cattle section, about a third of what they normally would have. “But that’s pretty amazing given the environment we have been dealing with,” he said. “For a lot of the exhibitors the Show is their advertising where they showcase their animals and we are rapt they have made the decision that it’s important enough to come back to the show, so we want to make sure we do the best we can for those exhibitors.”

November 2018

CANTERBURY FARMING

FARMING NEWS

Exploring gene editing for predator control Federated Farmers is supportive of a discussion paper which aims to continue the national conversation about the use of gene editing in primary industry.

❚ by Kent Caddick The paper was released by the Royal Society Te Aparangi in October. Federated Farmers president Katie Milne said the paper says it believes now is a good time for New Zealanders to consider what gene editing could offer our primary industries, “Even though the paper talks a lot about enhancing different types of production, we think there is also plenty of scope for discussion about other potential benefits from gene editing,” Milne said.

“And these benefits aren’t to on-farm uses. These are benefits for the entire community. “We are particularly excited about the possibilities around using gene editing to control pests, especially wilding pines, possums and stoats. These pests have been costing us millions and millions for years. “To be predator free by 2050, we are going to have to come up with some pretty clever science to wipe out all of those furry pests who dine on some of the tastiest, unique and endangered species the world has,” Milne said.

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Faster: b+LNZ Genetics general manager Graham Alder says the new genetic evaluation system is faster and more accurate.

These pests have been costing us millions and millions for years. Katie Milne

Federated Farmers president

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Genetic evaluation system launched ❚ by Kent Caddick Beef + Lamb New Zealand Genetics has just launched a new $5 million genetic evaluation system which it says is a transformative step for the country’s sheep industry. B+LNZ Genetics general manager Graham Alder says the new evaluation is the result of four years of research, developing new cloud-based computing systems and testing. “It is based on Single Step technology, whereby genomic information is incorporated into the evaluation, alongside traditional genetic measures. “The result is a faster, more accurate evaluation, which allows New Zealand ram breeders to make better, more-timely decisions around the selection and dissemination of profitable and consumer-focused genetics. “Thanks to genomic technology and the Single Step evaluation, breeders can assess a ram’s merit at birth, rather than waiting at least two years until the ram has lambs on the ground. This is a massive leap forward for the sheep industry. It’s like moving from analogue to digital.” Alder says internationally, Single Step is fast becoming standard technology for all productive livestock species. A B+LNZ and Ministry of Innovation, Business and Employment (MBIE) Partnership Programme funded the development of the B+LNZ Genetics Single Step genetic evaluation system.

CANTERBURY FARMING

FARMING NEWS

November 2018

Breakthrough technology could save dairy millions A new device that detects processing losses in dairy plants could save the industry millions of dollars a year and help prevent pollutants from entering waterways according to its developers.

❚ by Kent Caddick Lincoln Agritech Ltd developed the breakthrough technology, which was then commercialised by Christchurch-based start-up company, CertusBio. The result is a robust, automated biosensor capable of continuous monitoring in commercial operating conditions. Known as Milk-Guard, the device uses a lactose-specific enzyme to measure the percentage of dairy products present in waste streams and processing lines. These percentages are automatically sent to a dairy plant process control room, where operators can monitor them and make changes to the production process if necessary. CertusBio CEO Dr Matthew Jones said that due to the vast quantity of dairy products processed in New Zealand, large amounts of valuable products could be lost quickly. “Given the significant economic return to New Zealand from the dairy industry, it is vital to extract as much value from dairy processing as possible by using reliable, fully automated systems to accurately and rapidly monitor losses in dairy processing waste streams. “Dair y plant operators will be able to improve the resource and energy efficiency of their plant processes by reducing losses of valuable dair y products and ultimately in-

creasing company profitability.” Dr Jones said current loss-monitoring methods were reliant on retrospective testing collected over 24 hours. “Because this testing is done after the dairy products have been processed, it doesn’t allow for adjustments to be made while the plant is operating, so losses can’t be limited in real time.” He said two to three per cent of all dairy products are lost during processing and while this is inevitable to a certain extent, a significant proportion of losses could be avoided. “The estimated total loss for an average dairy industry processing line is $6.5 million per year,” said Dr Jones. “This also contributes to the level of pollutants caused by the dairy processing industry, as dairy plant wastewater has a number of characteristics that require careful management, including influent pH swings of 2-13, high fat loads and variable incoming organic and nutrient loads. Variations occur both on a seasonal and daily basis.” Dr Jones said trials at dairy processing plants have demonstrated Milk-Guard’s ability to frequently detect product losses during processing, which could be worth in excess of NZ$30,000 for a single event. “Milk-Guard is the first interference-free continuous monitoring device aimed at the dairy processing industry. The biosensor

On guard: Certusbio Ceo Dr matthew Jones checks the running of a milkGuard Device in action at a dairy processing plant.

puts control in the hands of process operators to dramatically reduce processing loses,” said Dr Jones. In addition to wastewater monitoring to reduce processing losses, the Milk-Guard device can be used to account for all material

entering and leaving a processing plant, liquid transfers within a plant, and segregating raw materials containing high value products. The combination of these uses is expected to provide a significant return on investment for dairy processors.

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November 2018

CANTERBURY FARMING

Damien o’Connor ❚ by Minister for Agriculture, Biosecurity, ❚ Food Safety and Rural Communities ❚

FARMING NEWS

GDP: Knowing the story behind the ﬁgures

The strength and importance of agriculture to the economy was highlighted in the latest gross domestic product figures.

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As a region, primary producers in Canterbury lead the way in their prospective fields.

ment of a worker, be that on a farm, orchard or vineyard, to sully the good work done by so many people in ensuring standards are met and used as a selling point for our products. Increasingly, people want to know the story behind their food and drink – where it was produced, what went into making it and who did the work. They want to know that the person who did the work was well paid and treated with respect. People are prepared to pay a premium if they know what they are feeding their fami-

lies is made in the best possible way. As a region, primary producers in Canterbury lead the way in their prospective fields. We’re lucky to live in this part of the world, thank you again for all your hard work. In the lead up to Christmas there is plen-

ty of work to do – we’re continuing a Spring bulk-milk testing regime for Mycoplasma bovis, we will release the DIRA review for public consultation and ensure farmers are connected to the work the Government is doing on climate change and water.

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The economy grew one per cent in the June quarter, but the biggest driver of that was the primary sector – up 4.2 per cent. Good prices for dairy products and horticultural produce, such as Kiwifruit, are behind that growth. The primary sector sometimes misses out on the accolades it rightly deserves for its massive contribution to our economic and social wellbeing. I want to thank you for the hard work you put in. Your families, communities, region and the country see the benefit of it. I’m focused on helping the sector get more value for what it produces. That will take a shift in mind set in some instances and adapting what we do in others. If people see that our products are the most sustainably and ethically produced in the world then that will help us get more value for what we do. There are always things we can tidy up and do better. For example, it can take only one bad animal welfare case or mistreat-

FARMING NEWS

Guide to help farmers improve business

CANTERBURY FARMING November 2018

A new resource designed to help farmers measure their farm business performance has been launched by the Red Meat Profit Partnership.

❚❚by Kent Caddick

Red Meat Profit Partnership (RMPP) is a Primary Growth Partnership programme which aims to help the red meat sector increase productivity and profitability. The Key Performance Indicators (KPI) booklet put out by RMPP includes detailed descriptions of 16 core KPIs, some example calculations and resources for farmers who are considering how improvements can be made to their farm business. RMPP chair Malcolm Bailey said the KPIs, which were developed in conjunction with a group of industry professionals and farmers, include lambing percentage, ewe flock efficiency, calving percentage, fawn weaning percentage, gross farm revenue per effective hectare and live weight gain. Bailey said understanding how a farm business is performing is critical to making decisions on how to improve productivity and profitability. “It is important farmers know where they are now, so they are able to set targets and then see how their actual performance meas-

Good advice: RMPP chair Malcolm Bailey says understanding how a farm business is performing is critical to making decisions on how to improve productivity and profitability. ures up against these targets. “There are many possible measures which can be used to analyse the performance of a farm business, however this resource focuses on a core set of KPIs that we encourage farmers to use as the starting point to understand how their farm business is performing.” Bailey said Key Performance Indicators are sometimes wrongly referred to as benchmarks. “Although the two use the same measures, their purposes are different. KPIs are used when farmers are setting on-farm targets such as increasing the lambing percentage, or the number of lambs sent to processors at weaning. “Benchmarks are used to help them to

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compare their businesses against other farms, for example, against a region or other farms of the same farm class. “Overall, KPIs and benchmarking against others are both tools to help farmers identify where they are doing well and where they need to improve. “KPIs can help farmers identify the great

things they are already doing and the things where there are opportunities to make positive changes.” For more information please visit the Beef+Lamb New Zealand Knowledge Hub https://beeflambnz.com/ knowledge-hub or email admin@rmpp.co.nz to request a copy.

November 2018

CANTERBURY FARMING

FARMING NEWS

Having your say on rural New Zealand Town and country: The Animal Nursery at the Show gives town folk the chance to interact with farm animals according to Nathan Guy.

Nathan Guy ❚ by Party spokesperson, ❚ National Primary Industries ❚ You’ve just had the successful Ashburton Show and fast approaching is the Canterbury A&P Show. I’ve attended the latter over many years and I feel it connects rural and urban communities more than any other show because it’s held in Christchurch city. The Animal Nursery in particular is hugely popular where town folk get the chance to see many farm animals, and even ewes having lambs. It’s also a great opportunity for politicians like me to connect with farmers and growers and hear what is concerning them. National has recently launched the ‘Have Your Say’ listening campaign for Rural New Zealand as the next step in our 2020 election policy development process. We hold every rural seat in Parliament bar one and we take this responsibility seriously.

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We hold every rural seat in Parliament bar one and we take this responsibility seriously.

We know farmers and growers contribute $42 billion a year in exports that sees 350,000 people employed and New Zealand’s success depends on it. This success is underpinned by sustainable business practices that continue to enhance the environment for future generations to enjoy. While sector returns still look solid, primary sector business confidence has plummeted on the back of worries about Government policies like employment law reforms, climate change and environmental regulations, petrol taxes, the slowdown of overseas in-

vestment, and a wide-ranging review of the Dairy Industry. The current Government didn’t do their homework in opposition and it shows with over 180 working groups established. National aims to be match fit for 2020, and that’s why we are keen to hear from the grassroots on issues and policies to turbo charge rural and provincial New Zealand. many of you will have already given us your thoughts and I thank you for doing so. If not then head to www. national.org.nz/rural_nz

FARMING NEWS

CANTERBURY FARMING

November 2018

Ashburton TeenAg member takes out Emerging Leader Award Aorangi TeenAg Emerging Leader Award winner Penny Stilgoe is determined to pursue a career as an agricultural contractor when she finishes school.

❚ by Kent Caddick The Ashburton College student received the Emerging Leader Award at last month’s Aorangi TeenAg Awards. “Winning the award was a huge shock. Our region has so many other talented and hard-working TeenAg members,” Stilgoe said. She hopes a passion for big machinery will help her see the world. “I live on a lifestyle block and most people laugh when I tell them my career goals,” the 15 year old said. “But I love big tractors. Being an agricultural contractor is appealing because every day would be different. Plus, I can’t think of a better way to see a bit of the countryside, travel the world and meet new people.” Stilgoe was a founding member of her school’s active TeenAg club, which is known as Ash Coll Young Farmers, and was just 13 years old when she became the club’s second chair. “One of our teachers Hayley Wards, who is a member of Pendarves Young Farmers, got the ball rolling and helped establish the club,” she said. “I have been really fortunate to have been chair for the past two years. It’s given me so many amazing opportunities.” Stilgoe is one of 170 students from across New Zealand taking part in a unique leadership course run by New Zealand Young Farmers. The Leadership Pathway Programme (LPP) is a collection of five learning modules for TeenAg members. The modules focus on membership, fundraising, sponsorship, events and running an annual general meeting (AGM).

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The Leadership Pathway Programme is fantastic. I have picked up so many new skills. Penny Stilgoe

TeenAg Emerging Leader Award recipient

The programme is funded by the Red Meat Profit Partnership (RMPP) and has been developed to identify emerging leaders and ensure they’re entering career pathways in the primary industries. “The programme is fantastic. I have picked up so many new skills. It’s given me ideas on how to grow our club’s membership, organise educational field trips and approach businesses for sponsorship,” Stilgoe said. “Those are all really handy skills which I can use in other areas of my life,” she said. In September, Ash Coll Young Farmers toured the Dunsandel factory of dairy processor Synlait. “Being a TeenAg member has given us countless opportunities to have new experiences and grow our knowledge,” Stilgoe said. Last summer Penny secured a part-time job on a dairy farm where she got to milk cows and drive tractors. “I helped with several milkings, fencing, spraying and I even did some heavy rolling with a tractor. I plan to get back out there again these summer holidays. I can’t wait.”

Future leader: Ashbuton College student and Aorangi district TeenAg emerging Leader Award recipient Penny Stilgoe.

ALTOGETHER

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November 2018 CANTERBURY FARMING

bessie Paterson LLb ❚ with ❚ Ronald W Angland & Son

RURAL PROFESSIONALS

Guaranteeing a debt

If someone asks you to guarantee a loan or debt which they intend to incur, my advice is, don’t do it.

Any person who signs a guarantee for another is accepting liability for the debt, all interest payable and any costs incurred by the creditor in seeking to recover the debt. Guarantors are usually required when a the principal debtor has a bad credit record or when an item which is to be put up as security for a loan is insufficient to cover the loan if the creditor had to take steps to realise the security. From the outset it should be obvious that there is considerable risk in acting as guarantor. If the debtor does not pay the interest and other amounts owing under the loan, or fails to comply with the terms of the loan, the creditor will look to the guarantor for payment. If a debt is secured over a property and the debtor fails to pay the rates, that would invariably amount to a breach of the terms of the loan. The Local Authority can apply to a mortgagee (the creditor) for payment of outstanding rates. The guarantor would then be called upon the pay the rates if the debtor failed to do so. The creditor need not exhaust its remedies against the debtor before seeking rec-

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Independent legal advice is required for all guarantors of loans in property purchases.

ompense from the guarantor. Most banks require an unlimited guarantee but in some instances they will agree to restrict the guarantor’s liability to the loans or parts of the loans. In that case there is a limit to the amount that a guarantor will be required to pay. Often parents will be required to guarantee loans to their family members and this

has been a recommendation in recent times with the increased cost of housing. Many young folk would have no chance to own their own homes without parental assistance. It is vital that parents who guarantee loans should be kept aware of their family’s financial position and take steps to avoid a disaster arising. However, guaranteeing a loan puts the guarantor’s personal assets and in-

come at risk and as parents age they may be left in difficult financial circumstances as a result of a guarantee. Independent legal advice is required for all guarantors of loans in property purchases. It is not unusual for parents to be adjudicated bankrupt as a result of entering into a guarantee for their children. Bankruptcy has far-reaching effects and some older people would be unable to recover financially during their life-times. While the above outline conveys a worst case scenario, every guarantor should be fully informed and aware of the risks they take in entering into a guarantee. This article has been prepared by bessie Paterson, a Partner at ronald W Angland & Son, Solicitors, 2 Chapman Street, Leeston.

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November 2018

Growth expectations drifting but still near 2018 highs

After economic growth forecasts for developed economies had been progressively revised higher since mid-2016, they peaked in the first quarter of 2018 and have since tracked sideways, to be slightly lower now. This decline reflects concern about the impact of the level of fiscal stimulus on inflation and United States interest rates. Escalating trade tensions and protectionism are also considered to have a negative effect on growth and investment. Expected GDP growth remains lower for 2019 versus 2018, but does not yet indicate any pending recession. G20 finance leaders were scheduled to meet in October to discuss both global economic growth and the impact of protectionism, however we expect limited movement on the United States and China trade dispute, with the United States likely to be focused (in the nearterm) on the November mid-term congressional elections. The outcome of the elections may see a weakening in President Trump’s mandate, with polling suggesting that while Republicans are favoured to retain control of the Senate, they have only a 20% chance of maintaining control of the House. This makes enacting legislation more difficult, but following the earlier passing of Fiscal Stimulus measures, this is of minimal concern.

Equity market momentum With the exception of Asian markets, returns over the last three months to 30 September 2018 in New Zealand dollar (NZD) terms have been positive. Overall, quarterly market returns were boosted by the weaker NZD and positive performance in July and August, whereas in September most markets marked time. The stand-out performer was the United States sharemarket, led by gains in the Healthcare and Technology segments and a very strong reporting season which saw 85% of companies surprising positively. European equities were more mixed, given trade and debt issues. China was

the worst performer, with escalating trade issues and growth concerns continuing to hurt the performance of Chinese equities. Among Australasian markets, New Zealand returns were helped by strong gains in the Telecommunications and Healthcare segments, however with negligible changes to earnings expectations, PE multiples (Price Earnings multiples) continue to expand. Australian equity returns were more muted, with Financials continuing to be impacted by the over-hang of the Royal Commission into Misconduct in the Banking, Superannuation and Financial Services Industry. The Materials sector recovered in September, driven by the large resource companies, but lagged market returns which were helped by continued investment flows into growth segments (specifically Healthcare and Technology). Australian growth stocks continue to be the most expensive exposure to growth, globally.

Interest rates: Disconnection from the United States Global interest rates continue to be a key focus for investors. This focus is currently directed toward the United States Federal Reserve and understanding the impacts of current and proposed increases in the Federal Reserve Funds rate (there have been eight interest rate hikes since December 2015), as well as the inflationary impacts of the United States fiscal stimulus. In this regard the Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) retains a cautious stance toward domestic and global economic risks and has left the Official Cash Rate (OCR) on hold, stating that the future direction of the OCR could be either up or down. This has resulted in United States interest rates trading higher than New Zea-

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land interest rates for the first time in a long time, impacting fixed income investment flows and the value of the New Zealand Dollar. Normally, yields on the New Zealand and United States 10-year government bonds trend in the same direction. However, with New Zealand’s economic cycle more mature, interest rate correlations have weakened. This implies that increases in longer-term interest rates offshore may not necessarily happen in New Zealand. Provided inflationary pressures remain contained, this could mean longterm rates in New Zealand remain low for even longer. Certainly short-term interest rates are expected to remain low with the market pricing indicating no increases in the OCR until the December quarter of 2019.

Looking at off-farm investments?

When you are thinking about your investment options, talk to Forsyth Barr. To get personalised investment advice and portfolio management specific to your investing needs, talk to Investment Adviser Andrew Wyllie in confidence on (03) 365 4244 or email andrew.wyllie@forsythbarr.co.nz 0800 367 227 forsythbarr.co.nz Disclosure Statements for Forsyth Barr Authorised Financial Advisers are available on request and free of charge.

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Andrew Wyllie ❚ with ❚ Forsyth Barr

CANTERBURY FARMING

If you’re new to investing please see Forsyth barr’s Introduction to Investing guide available at www.forsythbarr.co.nz/ investing-with-us/new-to-investing or to discuss your investment options please contact Andrew Wyllie, an Authorised Financial Adviser with Forsyth barr in Christchurch. He can be contacted regarding portfolio management, fixed interest, or share investments on 0800 367 227 or andrew.wyllie@forsythbarr.co.nz. This column is general in nature and should not be regarded as personalised investment advice. report covers the three months ended November 30. Disclosure Statements are available for Forsyth barr Authorised Financial Advisers on request and free of charge.

November 2018

CANTERBURY FARMING

FARMING NEWS

Awards honour farming heritage Farming families with a long heritage of farming their land have just a few weeks to submit their application in time for this year’s New Zealand Century Farms and Station awards.

❚ by Kent Caddick Families who have owned and farmed their land since 1918 or earlier are eligible to apply for this special acknowledgment of their hard work and perseverance. To date, over 400 families from throughout New Zealand have joined this exclusive circle of centenarians and sesquicentenarians. Any families who would like to apply for this year need to do so by 30 November. The New Zealand Century Farm and Station Awards (NZCFSA) began in 2005 in Lawrence with an aim to capture and preserve family histories of pioneering families and their descendants. Eligible families submit narratives of their farm history, together with copies of related photographs and supporting documents which are then archived at the Alexander Turnbull Library in Wellington, ensuring all records are kept in perpetuity. NZCFSA chairperson, Karen Roughan says it is important that the personal sacrifices, perseverance and commitment of the previous generations are recognised. “Many of our families are keen to record their history and the stories of the older generation while they still can. “The information needed for the awards application is a good excuse to sit down and really focus on this, and the feedback we get from our recipients is that this process alone is a very rewarding experience.” A formal dinner in Lawrence each May honours the awardees and their significant achievement of 100 or more years in farming. It is a chance for recipients to meet each other and formally receive their distinctive bronze plaque and certificate to display on their property. The next Awards ceremony

Honoured: The morrish family from Canterbury receive their sesquicentennial (150 years) award from Hon Shane Jones at this year’s ceremony in Lawrence.

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many of our families are keen to record their history and the stories of the older generation while they can. Karen Roughan NZCFSA chairperson

weekend in Lawrence will be held from May 24 t0 26, 2019. Roughan says the township really gets behind the event and offers activities throughout the weekend for the families to make the most of their visit. She says many of the families use the event as a reunion with large numbers attending the event. “It can be quite an emotionally charged night with some families seeing each other for the first time in many years – and of course it’s a particularly spe-

cial time as they honour those who have already passed on.” She says the committee believe that keeping any farm or station in a family from generation to generation through challenging times is an impressive achievement and deserves to be recognised. Further information including application form can be found on the NZCFSA website www.centuryfarms.co.nz or by emailing info@centuryfarms.co.nz or phoning mel Foster, 027 232 9963 or Karen roughan, 03 485 9696.

South Island Rural Team

Absent; Rodger Letham, Jude Livingstone, Michael Robb

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FARMING NEWS

November 2018

Mixed reaction to govt’s proposed freshwater management plan Both farmers and ‘Greenies’ have both given their guarded approval to the Government’s newly announced Essential Freshwater strategy plan.

❚ by Kent Caddick The plan outlined the government’s intention to keep the pressure on all Kiwis to continue to work towards better fresh water systems. The government’s determination to encourage the entire community, not just farmers, to continue to clean up waterways came as no surprise to Federated Farmers water and environment spokesperson Chris Allen. “All we ask is that the government uses an even hand,” Allen said. “For example, the commitment to getting tougher on nutrient discharges to waterways needs to be applied fairly to councils, corporates and farmers. “Kiwis don’t tolerate inequity. Implementing any changes to water policy will require the government to take the entire community along with it. “Feds work with plenty of farmers who feel they are doing their fair share right now, when it comes to improving water ways.” Allen said it was heartening to hear both the Minister for the Environment David Parker and the Minister of Primary Industries Damien O’Connor acknowledge the significant work farmers have already done, and can do more of. “And we agree with him, there is still more to do. And as we always say, these improvements need to be sensible, practical and affordable,” Allen said. “The time frame the government has set itself to do this work is challenging. As far as farmers are concerned, they’ll just keep us-

Differing views: Farmers say they are doing their fair share when it comes to protecting but Greenpeace wants further stock reduction and dairy development restrictions.

ing good science to make improvements onfarm as they can afford them.” While environmental group Greenpeace welcomed the plan as a good step towards clean rivers it criticised it’s lack of immediate action to stop increases in cow numbers and pollution. “The plan is good news for our rivers in the long-term but it is completely missing interim measures to stop further pollution.” Greenpeace freshwater campaigner Gen Toop said. “There are already too many cows for our waterways to cope with. Yet there are new dairy farms being built and existing farms are still adding more cows. “The Government needs to ban new dairy

farms and end any further livestock intensification immediately.” The plan states that there will be “targeted action and investment in at-risk catchments, from now”, but Toop said it was unspecific about what that action will look like. “Around 70% or our rivers are too polluted to swim in, three quarters of our native freshwater fish are threatened with extinction, and nearly half of our lakes are eutrophic. This is an environmental crisis which demands urgent action, and that’s what this plan lacks.” “We cannot wait months let alone years to save our rivers and protect these precious places. We need an immediate ban on dairy expansion,” Toop said.

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These improvements need to be sensible, practical and affordable. Chris Allen Federated Farmers water and environment spokesperson

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November 2018

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❚ with rob Cope-Williams

❚ with John Arts

Farmer unity: let’s Chondroitin: get the point across the forgotten hero Are New Zealand farmers too quick to roll over and give into whatever or whoever is making their life hell or expensive? This whole thing about fuel prices is hitting media and while the Prime Minister is blaming the cost on the fuel companies, we can all see that it’s a red herring to disguise the tax take. Now she is suggesting that they, the Government, will drop the registration of vehicles and replace it with another tax on fuel. One doesn’t need to be a bright spark to twig that a move such as that will benefit the tax man and not the end user. I enjoyed the fact that a trucking company up North blocked roads with trucks as a protest about fuel prices and more to the point that in Germany literally thousands of cars were parked, locked and drivers walked away to get their point across. What makes me grumpy on behalf on the farming industry is that while high fuel prices affect those in the city, it is compounded for those in rural areas. It’s all very well for the Prime Minister to say she wants her flock to turn to public transport and carpooling, but try to catch a bus from where you live and at the times when you need to travel, plus what are her thoughts about fuel burnt producing the exports that pay her wages?

Some would suggest that electric cars are the answer, but watch this space. Electric vehicles don’t pay any fuel tax, yet. Diesel vehicles pay a road tax so surely the Wombles will have the electric chariots in their sights. And please don’t get me started on the present Government swapping funds earmarked for irrigation and giving it to the poor. However, that was simply accepted after the election and glossed over by the media. Do you remember the last public display of farmer unity? As in the one where farmers in the Mayfield district slaughtered sheep in front of the media because it would have cost them to send them to the processing plants. Then I think of Geoffrey Palmer, who I interviewed for TVNZ news, when a raft of tractors were driven into the city to make a point, but his reaction was not even luke warm and the rest of the media didn’t bother to report it as it was a weekend and caused little disruption. Geez, the French would block main access ways, let sheep out into the CBD and then slaughter them in front of women and children. That’s excessive but a bit of voice would help.

If you use a joint supplement for osteoarthritis then stop reading and get the bottle and check the amount of chondroitin sulphate (CS) in the daily dose. Most older-style formulas will have up to 20% CS in the formula typically about 200mg in a daily dose. Chondroitin is a structural component of cartilage adding strength and resistance to compression. The study that changed it all for me was published in the Annals of Rheumatic Diseases (Wildi et al, 2011) the study title is: “Chondroitin sulphate reduces both cartilage volume loss and bone marrow lesions in knee osteoarthritis patients starting as early as 6 months after initiation of therapy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study using MRI”. Eighty people with similar grades of knee OA were chosen. Half the participants were given 800mg of CS as 400mg twice daily for six months. The other group was given a placebo. The two groups were then compared after six months. The group using CS had much less cartilage loss. The next phase then gave all the participants 800mg of CS for another six months. The same results occurred.

Those that had been on the placebo showed a reduction in cartilage loss while the group that had continued with CS now for 12 months continued with much less cartilage loss. As a consequence I re-formulated my joint support formula and lifted CS to the levels used in the study. I also added a potent anti-inflammatory 95% curcumin (from turmeric) extract. Even joints that show signs of degeneration can improve. As an example one man I have been helping noticed significant improvements in mobility and comfort after only a few months and is now even able to ski again. Give me a call or email john@abundant. co.nz if you need more information. John Arts (b.Soc.Sci, Dip Tch, Adv.Dip.Nut.med) is a nutritional medicine practitioner and founder of Abundant Health Ltd. For questions or advice contact John on 0800 423559 or email john@abundant.co.nz. Join his all new newsletter at www.abundant.co.nz.

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FARMING NEWS

CANTERBURY FARMING November 2018

Making the ‘A’ word more approachable Audit is a word with all sorts of connotations, and none of them especially pleasant. For me, it stirs up memories of long dark nights poring over paperwork.

Steve Lowndes ❚❚by ❚❚Environment Canterbury chair For Canterbury farmers today, the audit is the essential final piece of the Good Management Practice (GMP) jigsaw, and naturally, it’s not a process many farmers look forward to. Many of you will recall the collective work done back in 2015, bringing together primary sector organisations, Crown Research Institutes and Environment Canterbury to develop the ‘industry agreed Good Management Practices’ which are now informing good environmental practice on farm. With GMPs in place, change is no longer incremental. We’re quickly seeing exponential differences in the value to both farmers and the environment. In the last auditing season, a total of 119 Farm Environment Plan (FEP) audits were carried out on consented individual properties in Canterbury. Of these, 39% received an A grade, while 55% were graded B – that’s 94% attaining a pass rate. This coming season, we expect that around 500 individual audits will be completed. Irrigation Schemes have also undertaken FEP audits last season, and while the results

are not yet available, we expect the performance of farms under Schemes to be similar to the trend we’re seeing for individual farms. As I review the comments coming through with the audit results, what has struck me is that rather than seeing the audit as a job to get done, farmers are increasingly enthusiastic about the resulting benefits to their farm management systems and to the bottom line and are prioritising investments around significant capital and management changes. Auditors are particularly noticing a growing willingness to engage in discussions around nitrogen limits, record keeping and the audit process. The audit is also an opportunity to provide

support to poorly performing farms so that there is the capability to improve. The potential for negative environmental effects from such farms is significant, and so I believe it is essential that those at risk are identified. Getting ready for the audit does take time. It involves collating records relating to all good management practices, farm diaries, photos, soil records, inspection records and nitrogen loss calculations. Before the auditor arrives at the farm, they will have studied your records as well as your FEP so that they not only understand your unique situation but can propose improvements as well. They’ll also have reviewed your nutrient budget, any consent conditions, and any previous audit reports. Their job is

to understand your farming system, and how the environmental risks are managed. The audit visit is usually a mixture of a kitchen table discussion and a farm tour. They’ll note the Good Management Practices in place, and compile an audit report, grade, and actions for improvement. An auditor’s decisions must be based on objective evidence, triangulating the data with field observations and discussions. Increasingly, farmers are using the audit process and report to both increase profitability and further manage the environmental risks that may impact the business, and many are now considering ‘what next’, as they look to move beyond the minimum GMP expectations. Audit recommendations help stronger, more resilient farming businesses to grow. By way of example, I heard recently about Le Mee Farms in Methven, the first individual commercial pig farming operation to complete the land use consent process. Hamish Mee tells us that throughout the process, his team has become more aware of the impacts of farming on the environment and how they can improve farming practices. Ultimately, the changes he has made have reduced the amount of nutrients going into the land by around 40 per cent, with obvious cost reductions. It’s clear that although at first glance, the steps required for land use consent and audit may appear onerous and ‘another pile of paper work’, the results demonstrate that this is one of those areas where you can certainly get out a whole lot more than you put in. Got a question you’d like me to address? Please email me at governance@ecan.govt.nz.

November 2018

CANTERBURY FARMING

New pasture management needs to be done right

As we are certainly well aware, Spring has sprung and many are sowing their new pasture paddocks as quickly as they can. At the risk of repeating ourselves here’s a quick heads up on the early management of the new pastures.

Steve Finch ❚ by ❚ Specialty Seeds I’d also like to go into depth as to the importance of the first grazing. After you have gone through paddock selection, preparation and drilling of your new pasture the first grazing and weed control are the most important for your new paddock. Weed control should occur between 6-8 weeks after drilling and normally 14 days before the first grazing. There are many different weed control options for our clients, however for me the best option is the one that is done the earliest. Early weed control for any crops is important and new pasture is certainly no exception. I’m not going to discuss all these options in this article but as always please feel free to contact me should you like some more information. Grazing your new pasture is as mentioned a very important part of ensuring your new paddock gets off to a good start. A starting point should be when the new pasture is between 10-12 cm high so that when you pull on the leaves it breaks off in your fingers rather than pulled out of the ground by its roots. The first grazing should take the crop down to an even 5cm (1200-1500kgs DM per hectare). Doing this grazing early has many benefits for your new pasture these include, improving the pasture tiller numbers, reducing the shading effect on slower to es-

Grazing your new pasture is a very important part of ensuring your new paddock gets off to a good start.

tablish species i.e. clovers, improving weed control and in the case of cultivated ground helps in consolidating the cultivated soils. Two other key points on new pasture establishment include not making supplementary feed with the paddock for the first 12 months, as this will supress clover develop-

‘

Grazing your new pasture is a very important part of ensuring your new paddock gets off to a good start.

ment and reduce tiller numbers, and using a correct fertilizer program on your new paddock. Phosphate (important for root development) and nitrogen applied in small quantities for the first 12 months will very much help establish your new pasture correctly. The correct management in the first 12 months of your pasture’s life is critical to achieve the correct tiller numbers, improve pasture persistence and composition. Should you have any questions or need more information on this subject contact Specialty Seeds.

Call Matthew Reed today 021 526 576 www.broadgateharvesting.com

CANTERBURY FARMING

November 2018

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November 2018 CANTERBURY FARMING

Meeting the needs of today’s young women Choosing the right school for your daughter is an important step, and with boarding another dimension enters into the equation. supplied by ❚❚Article Christchurch ❚❚High School Girls’ ❚❚

Not only do parents desire a stimulating, engaging learning environment which challenges students to achieve personal excellence, they also need a safe, comfortable and happy living space. Christchurch Girls’ High School is a purpose built school for girls, Support: Boarders at Christchurch Girls’ High School are supervised by a supportive, experienced which places young wom- and caring team. Boarders are supervised by a sup- selves, relate to others and particien at the centre of education. Acland, the boarding hostel asso- portive, experienced and caring team. pate and contribute. In the process, ciated with the school, establishes A Director of Boarding leads her staff they develop resilience, independpositive relationships which create a in ensuring the welfare of the stu- ence, a good work ethic and lasting friendships. dents is paramount. strong sense of family. Learning and living at Christchurch All nutritional needs are met by This feeling is further enhanced by the completely refurbished main a professional, friendly, on-site food Girls’ High School is tailored specifically to meet the needs of today’s homestead. A landscaped pool area services team. In this environment students flour- young women. and access to tennis courts, compleish and thrive. They learn to manage ment the living arrangements.

CANTERBURY FARMING

November 2018

Getting access to boarding allowances If your child lives in a remote area or faces other barriers to achieving at school you can apply for funding so that they can board away from home and focus on their studies.

supplied by ❚ Article ❚ Ministry of Education A boarding allowance is funding from the Ministry of Education so that your child can board away from home, either at a boarding school or a private boarding arrangement with someone who is not your child’s legal guardian. The Government provides around $11 million for boarding allowances every year to help young people achieve a great education. There are two different types of boarding allowance, the access barrier and the multiple barrier. The one mostly commonly accessed by rural families is the access barrier allowance which is for students who live too far away from an appropriate school and the Ministry’s school transport does not provide a solution. The multiple barriers allowance is where a student experiences more than one of the following difficulties in their life that makes it hard to go to school or do well as school: Poor participation at school, Poor relationships, Behavioural issues, Low educational achievement, and Environment. The allowance might not cover all of your

‘

Is my child eligible for an access barrier allowance?

The Government provides around $11 million for boarding allowances every year to help young people achieve a great education.

child’s boarding fees. If it doesn’t you have to pay the rest yourself. The boarding allowance continues for as long as the student is at school, or until the barriers they are facing no longer exist. If your child goes to a boarding school the allowance is paid directly to the school at the beginning of each term. If your child is boarding privately, it is paid directly to the school at the beginning of each term. The person providing the board needs to arrange to receive their payment from the school.

Have you considered boarding at Nelson College for Girls? 7 day, 5 day & short term options are available Our boarders enjoy academic success, make lifelong friendships and build strong connections within the school and its community. www.ncg.school.nz/boarding

Your child is eligible if they live too far away from an appropriate school and the Ministry’s school transport assistance programme does not provide a solution. “Too far away” is defined as: • living an unreasonable distance from the nearest appropriate school (eg more than 60km), and: • the closest school transport service to get to their nearest school is unreasonable (eg 20km), or • they have to travel longer than 60 minutes one way to their nearest school each day, or • they have to drive an unreasonable distance (eg 60km) to the nearest school.

Can I choose what school my child goes to? Yes. You can choose any state, state-integrated school, kura or private school. You will have to still have to meet the school’s usual enrolment and acceptance criteria, and there will need to be a space available in the boarding hostel.

How much is the allowance? It depends on the type of boarding allowance. • Access barrier: Boarding school and private boarding $3,200 per year. • Multiple barriers: Boarding school – up to $8,000 per year (which includes $500 for pastoral care to help your child address the barriers they face). Private boarding – $4,500 per year (which includes $500 for pastoral care).

How do I apply? You apply online, by email, or post. • Phone: 04 463 8085 • Email: boarding.allowances@ education.govt.nz • Post: Boarding allowances team, Ministry of Education, P O Box 1666, Wellington 6140

For more information on boarding allowances go to: parents.education.govt.nz/secondary-school/ your-child-at-school/boarding-allowances

November 2018

CANTERBURY FARMING

Growth in numbers using DNA parentage testing Farmer owned co-operative LIC says it has seen an increase in demand for its DNA parentage testing service as livestock farmers place increasing emphasis on cow quality over cow quantity.

❚ by Kent Caddick This spring, upwards of 250,000 calves from around the country will have their parentage confirmed by LIC’s DNA parentage service which operates from its laboratory in Hamilton. So far this year, the co-operative has had on average one new herd a day sign up to its whole-herd DNA parentage service. LIC’s General Manager of NZ Markets, Malcolm Ellis, says the increased demand reflects the industry’s new reality of ‘peak cow’. “Our industry is changing rapidly. Cow population in New Zealand has remained static in recent years, so farmers are increasingly aware that if they can’t generate income by milking more cows, they need to be milking better cows.” The opportunity to utilise DNA profiling within the dairy industry enables farmers to

identify the best calves to keep as herd replacements. Ellis says calving is a critical time of year for farmers to manage future herd productivity. “With the cost of breeding a replacement sitting at around $1,600 per animal, it’s important that farmers bring in the new season’s calves with confidence. Confidence in parentage is a key component to taking a farm’s herd improvement plan to the next level.” Waikato farmer Liz Johnson says DNA parentage testing has helped her improve the productivity of Ellis says confirming a calf’s parentage is a simple task for farmers, but a technical process behind the scenes. “To begin the process, farmers take a tissue sample from a calf’s ear, and then send the sample to LIC’s diagnostics lab where the DNA is extracted and analysed.”

Testing time: LIC Field Assist, Lindy Prout, getting tissue samples from calves.

The lab uses enzymes extracted from bacteria living in thermal hot pools to digest the tissue away and free the DNA from the nucleus of the cells. Microscopic metal beads coated with binders capture the DNA and isolate it using magnets. “At the end of the process, the samples from each animal are microscopic, they’re smaller than the head of a pin but that’s got every bit of information we need to determine the parentage.”

Once the lab has generated a unique genetic marker profile or DNA fingerprint for a calf, this is compared against the profiles of the potential dams and sires to accurately identify its parentage. The markers within the genetic profile have been carefully selected from the three billion DNA base pairs which make up the bovine genome. To date, more than 2.4 million samples have been processed by LIC since it began G3 DNA profiling in 2009. The parentage testing can also be combined with other tests, such as a gene test which identifies what cows produce A2/A2 milk and a test that detects the BVD virus in individual animals.

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November 2018

CANTERBURY FARMING

Applying efﬂuent to land safely Around 95% of dairy farms discharge effluent to land under the permitted activity rule, while the remainder work under consents to discharge treated effluent to water.

supplied by ❚ Article ❚ Waikato Regional Council

• chemically – absorbing nutrients and making them available to plants However, don’t apply too much as soil can only filter so much effluent at a time. It’s important to match the irrigation depth to the capability of the soil. Land with impeded or artificial drainage, high or rising water tables or slopes of greater than 7 degrees have a higher risk from over-application, and therefore application depths should be adjusted accordingly to reflect soil and weather conditions.

Farm dairy effluent is a natural, dilute liquid fertiliser. It contains nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sulphur (S) and trace elements that you’d normally pay for to have applied to pasture. Think of dairy effluent as a resource, not waste. The average dairy herd (244 cows) produces the same amount of effluent as a town with about 3400 people. When spread over land and applied in timely fashion, the effluent of 100 cows can save farmers up thousands of dollars in fertiliser a year. This saving could be significantly higher for high input farms (for example, farms feeding supplements).

Applying effluent safely

Applying the right amount

Alternative: biosolids can be applied to farmland as a substitute for fertilizer.

Applying the maximum amount of nitrogen from effluent allowed per year (150 kg per hectare for grazed grass), dairy shed effluent also provides the following approximate amounts of nutrients: • 20 kg of phosphate per hectare. • 117 kg of potassium per hectare. • Approximately 20-30 kg of sulphur per hectare. • Smaller amounts of magnesium and calcium.

Too much effluent can: • kill pasture – especially where effluent has ‘ponded’ on the soil surface. • pollute nearby streams and rivers – where it runs off paddocks into waterways. • pollute ground water – by seeping too deep into the soil. • be an ineffective use of nutrients – by seeping past the root zone before the plant can utilise it.

Soil – a living filter Soil acts as a living filter. It treats the applied effluent by changing it: • physically – filtering out effluent particles, breaking them down and incorporating them into the soil structure • biologically – harmful micro-organisms (such as bacteria) present in the effluent are retained by the soil, or are killed when the effluent dries or when they become exposed to sunlight.

Effluent management systems in place on your farm should give you enough flexibility so that you don’t irrigate when soil is waterlogged (too wet to absorb the effluent) and if there is an equipment breakdown. Remember to cover water troughs when irrigating effluent. Protect waterways on your farm by: • not irrigating within 50 metres of a water supply • leaving a strip of non-irrigated land next to all watercourses – at least 20 metres wide • ensuring that spray drift isn’t getting into nearby streams or rivers.

TO PAGE 21

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CANTERBURY FARMING November 2018

Working out how much effluent to irrigate FROM PAGE 20 Although effluent contains many nutrients which can impact on your farm management, it is the environmental effects of nitrogen that determine how much you can irrigate onto land. Too much nitrogen can reduce pasture performance and reduce water quality in neighbouring waterways. If you know exactly how much nitrogen is in effluent, you can work out the most effective application rates for your land. In the Waikato region for example, no more than 150 kilograms of nitrogen in effluent can be applied per hectare of grazed grass per year. You’ll need to get effluent tested to work out how much nitrogen is going onto your land during irrigation. Most registered analytical laboratories offer this service for around $100. When used with a nutrient budget this is a small cost compared to the fertiliser savings that can be made over time when effluent applications are timed efficiently. Each effluent application must not be more than 25 millimetres deep. How deep you irrigate effluent over an area will depend

on how much nitrogen you want to apply. To work out application depth, you need to know the following: • the nitrogen content of the effluent. • how much nitrogen (kilograms) you want to spread per hectare. Once you’ve worked out the application depth, you’ll need to work out the application rate for your irrigator. When using spray irrigators use the same principal as a rain gauge, mark a scale on the sides of several containers. Place the containers within the area being irrigated. Stop irrigating when the desired depth (maximum of 25 mm) has been applied.

Ongoing irrigation management When irrigating check for effluent ponding, particularly in areas where there has been pugging damage. Stop ponding by avoiding irrigation in these areas, or improve the drainage by: • loosening the soil in small ponding areas with a spade • breaking up the soil surface – for example, by shallow ripping.

Because effluent contains a range of nutrients, irrigated areas will need less fertiliser. Talk to your fertiliser consultant about the reduced fertiliser needs of irrigated blocks.

Regulations for applying effluent In most areas applying effluent to land is a permitted activity. This means farmers can apply effluent without having to get a resource consent, as long as you follow these conditions: • No more than 150 kilograms of nitrogen can be applied per hectare, per year (1.5 applications at 25 mm deep and 0.04 percent nitrogen). • The farmer/contractor must have contingency measures in place in case there is prolonged wet weather or a pump breaks down. • Effluent must not run off the land into waterways.

• Any ponds or effluent holding facilities must be sealed to reduce leakage. • The farmer/contractor must spread effluent and sludge in a way that reduces odour and spray drift. • Each effluent application must not be more than 25 mm deep. • Effluent must not pond on the land surface after application.

November 2018

CANTERBURY FARMING

Choosing the right efﬂuent storage Having a well-designed and constructed effluent storage facility will save you time and money.

❚ Article supplied by DairyNZ

The key is good planning and working with the right people. The benefits of a well-designed storage system include increased flexibility around irrigating, effective utilisation of nutrients and water, reduced risk of effluent non-compliance, and environmental protection. Lined ponds and above ground tanks are the two options available when choosing an effluent storage system for your farm.

Above ground tanks

Lined ponds

Pros: • Can usually be installed year round • Little costs associated with earthworks • Not significantly affected by water table Cons: • Can be more expensive than lined ponds • May require a building consent from district council • Some size restriction on what is available commercially

Pros: • Less cost than above ground options • Can be less intrusive on the farm • More accommodating of shape and design • No size restriction Cons: • Wider range of costs depending on lining options and earthworks needed • Installation can be weather affected especially for clay lined ponds in some wetter parts of the country A well designed storage pond is sealed to avoid leakage to groundwater, allows for ongoing operation and maintenance, and is appropriately sized for the volume of effluent produced now and in the foreseeable future, and is compliant with regional and district council and Building Act requirements. Liners can be formed from compacted clay, concrete or specifically manufactured materials such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), or rubber (EPDM).

Selecting the right liner

Freedom to enjoy all the things you love

Compacted clay Pros: • May have suitable clay on site for pond construction Cons: • Requires soil testing by a professional Requires technical expertise to compact clay correctly to achieve sealing requirement • Cracking can appear when ponds are empty, risk of leaking • Warranties may be more difficult to obtain • Potentially high cost if importing clay from off-site • May require periodic re-lining of the pond after cleaning • Not favoured by all councils, you need to check first

Jody + Greg Malcolm Dairy farmers / Mountain bikers

Concrete Pros: • Less earthwork preparation required than with clay liners • Flexible to withstand ground movement • Withstands mechanical damage Cons: • Relatively new product for effluent ponds in New Zealand • Warranties may be difficult to obtain, engineering expertise is essential • Moderate to high cost

Synthetic Pros: • Good range of liners available • Good warranties available • Installation allows for gas and ground water dissipation Cons: • Some variation in quality of synthetics on the market • Moderate to high cost

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Choices: Above ground tanks or lined ponds are the two main alternatives for farm based efﬂuent storage.

CANTERBURY FARMING

November 2018

The memoirs of a show fan I first attended the Canterbury A&P show as a ‘townie child’ before I even started school.

❚ by rob Cope-Williams My memories were of the side shows, being bought a skeleton on an elastic string and once a little older, and the excitement of watching the men ride the ‘wall of death’ on the high powered motor bikes.

After the death of my Father in 1955, the family became involved with the Guinness family who had imported the first Hampshire sheep into New Zealand and that became my introduction into what the show was really all about. Morning tea out of the boot of the car under the trees beside the sheep yards, listening to Jack Guinness talking about why one animal won a prize and another didn’t, the seemingly confused way sheep were moved from one pen to another, the solid and constant demand for water and feed to be on hand for the stock and of course those fabulous picnic luncheons out of the boot again, tins containing tomato sandwiches, plus one of egg and another tin with ham sandwiches plus the awesome bacon and egg pie (without peas, just bacon and eggs), grownups drinking seemingly gallons of tea out of ther-

mos flasks, while we youngsters drink lemon and barley water from stout plastic glasses. Then at the end of the day the grownups gathered around the same boot as a small case holding shot glasses, a bottle of whiskey and one of gin for what was referred to as a ‘spot’. It was a time that was wonderfully relaxed and of a time when life seemed so simple. Many years later and I start to attend the show as a reporter for TVNZ and everything seems so small compared to what I remembered. However, the trees were still there beside the sheep yards, the side shows were still in need of a paint job, the polo was a must to watch, and funnily enough I returned to my childhood and kept asking people questions about the livestock and what made a good one and why others didn’t measure up.

Roll onto the early days of CTV and I’m there doing one hour specials and making a name for myself by doing such things as standing in the middle of the ring with cattle moving all around me and talking into a microphone while my camera person was filming me from the Wrightson observation area. Nancy Gardner still bursts into laughter whenever she tells folk about me being there talking to myself. I witnessed the debates about the shift to the ‘new showgrounds’, the arguments about the reduced size of the main ring and watched as the grounds went from a dust bowl to what it is now. My Canterbury A&P Show memories could fill a book if I were to write about the characters and the many funny things that have happened. Thanks Canterbury A&P for those memories.

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November 2018

CANTERBURY FARMING

A wealth of knowledge and experience in four wheel driving When it comes to accessorising your four wheel drive Peter Munro Commercials is the place to go.

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CANTERBURY FARMING

November 2018

Innovation takes centre stage Farmers today are experiencing more challenges and pressures than ever before.

supplied by ❚ Article ❚ Canterbury A&P Association

Bigger and better: Following the success of last year’s Innovation & Technology marquee, this year, the Show will introduce the blinc Innovation Hub.

Agriculture has traditionally been one of the most critical primary industries of our nation, with New Zealand often at the global technological forefront of farming innovation and processes. Global pressure on natural resources, including an increasing demand to produce enough food for a rapidly expanding population, present an opportunity for farmers to consider where innovation is required in and across farming systems and land use to develop a strong future for the industry and world. Efficient farming depends on knowledge, adaptations across interconnected systems and, most importantly, innovation. As one of the largest platforms in Canterbury and the South Island for promoting agriculture, it was time the New Zealand Agricultural Show, formerly the Canterbury A&P Show, expanded their coverage in this area and provided a space to showcase developments within the industry. Following the success of 2017’s Innovation & Technology Marquee, this year, the Show will introduce the Blinc Innovation Hub by partnering with Blinc, the agribusiness innovation hub with its home in Lincoln. This space will showcase startups, industry innovation and be complimented by an Innovation Series. This programme will be delivered through a series of panel discussions and innovation showcases, focusing on the complex challenges our farmers and industry are faced with, as well as hear how innovation is being used to respond to these key trends and create sustainable outcomes. The Hub will offer a space for opinion, debate and learning, covering prevalent topics as we work towards mapping out what Canterbury could look like in 10 years’ time.

Seminar topics Topics on the Wednesday and Thursday of the Show will explore: • How we are going about creating a sustainable future • The role new business models play in capturing value for farmers and NZ

blinc Innovation Ceo Toni Laming says farmer led innovation is key to the future of agriculture in New Zealand.

• How we value our water resilience and protect this precious resource • Our roles in being the guardians of biosecurity for protect our future – insights across agriculture • Innovation Showcases – hearing from our innovators and what they are doing Toni Laming, Blinc Innovation CEO, champions the importance of such events and saw the opportunity for Blinc to get involved and ensure the Innovation Hub was of as much value to its audience as possible. “Blinc Innovation is focused on connecting farmers, growers, rural advisors and the wider industry to innovate and land outcomes to grow and create our future industry,” Laming said. “We are excited to be able to do this through partnering with the Canterbury A&P Association and setting up the Blinc Innovation Hub at this year’s New Zealand Agricultural Show. Farmer led innovation remains key to our country’s future.” Innovation at the Show has long been a focus for Event Director, Geoff Bone, who holds great enthusiasm for the future of this exhibit. “The Show provides a great vehicle for information dissemination and an audience that is eager for the knowledge,” Bone said.

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“We want to provide a safe space where those involved in farming every day can discuss their difficulties, find out about solutions and be prepared for the next evolution of farming. “We see the Blinc Innovation Hub as becoming a pivotal exhibition for the Show and cannot wait to see how it develops over the years to come.”

Interest in attending the seminars can be registered at www.eventbrite.co.nz/o/ blinc-innovation-17456074117. Attending the seminars is free of charge, however, all attendees will need a valid ticket for the New Zealand Agricultural Show. Tickets can be purchased from theshow.co.nz

November 2018

CANTERBURY FARMING

Plenty of history behind the largest A&P Show in the country The Association hosts an annual Agricultural and Pastoral Show which has grown over the years to become the largest A&P Show in New Zealand.

❚ by Kent Caddick The Canterbury Agricultural and Pastoral Association, established in 1863, is an association under the Agricultural and Pastoral Societies Act 1908. The decision was taken by the association

in 2017 to rebrand the Show, changing its name to the New Zealand Agricultural Show to “ensure its longevity and continued support to the communities at its core for many more years to come”. Following the establishment of official European settlement by the Canterbury Association in 1850 the province set about establishing itself on a rural economy and thus from its earliest European inception an interest in annually displaying the fruits of the horticultural and agricultural abilities of the area. Shows were an important part of the rural culture of England and the tradition quickly became a part of early settlement. The earliest record of any such ‘show’ is 16 December 1852 in Hagley Park. In May 1853 an essentially horticultural display was held at the White Hart Hotel and a show of livestock held in the Market Place (Victoria Square). In May 1854 a simi-

Side show: As well as all matters agricultural and pastoral there are plenty of other attraction to keep young and old entertained at the Show

lar show including wool and grain samples was held at the Golden Fleece Hotel. Similar shows continued on through the 1850s with the formation of the Canterbury Farmers’ Club in 1858. The first ‘recognised’ agricultural show in Canterbury was held by the fledgling Canterbury Pastoral Association on September 14, 1859 at B. Moorhouse’s station at Shepherd’s Bush, on the north bank of the Rangitata River. At the conclusion of this show the Canterbury Pastoral Association was officially

formed and subscriptions were set at one guinea a year. The next year a more successful show was held at Turton’s Accommodation House in Ashburton. This was a quite grand affair with a formal dinner and ball in George Hall’s Woolshed, the evening not culminating until 5am. As a result of the shows during the 1850s a strong move to form an Agricultural and Pastoral Association was promulgated by businessmen such as Robert Wilkin, George Gould and J T Ford.

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November 2018

Change of name heralds new era FROM PAGE 26

By 1918 the Friday of Show Week had become People’s Day at the So it was in 1862 that the Canterbury Show. In the 1950s the official proPastoral Association met to inauguvincial holiday for the anniversary day rate a show on or near Christchurch of the province was shifted from Deand form an organisation with wider cember to the Friday of Show Week, aims. a change which meant large numbers In 1862 the show was held for the of people from both town and country first time in Christchurch, in Gresattended the show. son’s paddock which was fenced with In 1947 the mortgage on the Addgorse and located in Armagh Street ington site was paid off and a motor just north of Latimer Square. camp developed on part of the site Following the success of this venwhich provided a valuable source of ture the A&P Association was formally income. established with Wilkin as Chair and In 1962 the Canterbury A&P AssoWilliam Moorhouse, the then Superciation celebrated its centennial and intendent of the Province as Patron. continued at the Addington ShowThis group resolved to purchase grounds until 1996 when the A&P Asa permanent site in Christchurch or sociation acquired a 250 acre block its suburban area. The site of the of land at Wigram from the Christchfirst showgrounds was purchased in urch City Council. 1863, a fourteen acre site in SydenThe old facilities at Addington ham, which later became Sydenham had become cramped and dusty Park in 1894. Growing: From humble beginnings the Canterbury A&P Association’s New Zealand Agricultural Show is now sited on a and no longer able to cope with the A show was held there on October 250acre site at the Canterbury Agricultural Park near Wigram. large number of entries and crowds 22, 1863 and though affected by inclement weather some 1,500 people attend- small, the Canterbury Agricultural and Pas- ings built, the Industrial Building, the Secre- of visitors and the move to Canterbur y Agricultural Park in Curletts Road was made toral Association bought a 29 acre block at tary’s Building and the Treasurer’s Building. ed. The move to Addington by the A&P Associ- in 1997. By 1872 the site was well developed and Addington from a Mr Twigger, who donated The first show at the new site held that some 8,000 attended the show that year. By to the Association another 5 acres. While ation was quickly justified as entries and at1878 the Association had paid off its mort- not all Association members were in favour tendance increased and entries came from year included a range of events, from dog trigage and the show continued to increase in of the move the main advantage of the new the North Island and the lower part of the als to axe men, and exhibits such as ostrich size and attendance with the Association site was its proximity to the main South rail- South Island. By 1899 the grounds had been and llama, wines and cheeses, agricultural machinery and services, as well as the more added to by way of a lease of land. making a profit of £500. On the showgrounds way lines. Side shows, industrial exhibitions and ma- traditional livestock competitions. By the time the first show at the Addington the Association had erected an office buildAnd now with the change of name to the ing, new pens, a manufacturers and dairy site opened the site had been well subdivid- chinery and car displays became part of the ed into pens, paddocks and show areas and show increasing the more general public in- New Zealand Agricultural Show a new era has display building and fenced the site. begun. When the Sydenham site became too fenced and at least three permanent build- terest.

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November 2018

Ordinary folk doing the extraordinary

❚ by Kent Caddick

This year, the marketing for the New Zealand Agricultural Show has focused on what makes the Show so extraordinary, and that is the ordinary, the ordinary people who help out running the show, the exhibitors and the visitors. So with a theme focusing on ‘ordinary people doing extraordinary things’ the marketing team set out to identify a few examples of exactly what has given the Show its rich heritage, and came up with four very special cameos from real life Show participants. The first, very willing, volunteer came in the form of the 2018 Canterbury A&P Association President, Tim Black, who donned the Ringmasters costume for the promotion. He has been associated with the Show since his youth, with his father, Bryce Black, donning the President’s cap before him. “There are some incredible people involved with the show either volunteers, workers or exhibitors, as well as those so we wanted to be able to capture that to engage with people who hadn’t been to the show before, even if means taking the piss out of myself,” Black said. Suppor t for Tim came from one of the Show’s most popular disciplines, the woodchopping community, and in particular, Pete McEwen, who is currently studying for a Bachelor of Agricultural

Commerce at Lincoln University. McEwen is one of the South Island’s top woodchopping talents, who has not only been competing at the Show for his entire woodchopping career but spent much of his youth watching his father take titles in the woodchopping arena too. Not only does he support the Show through entering the competition each year, he can also be found for months before the Show stripping logs with his team to ensure the competition goes ahead full force. Another Show veteran to join the promo-

tion was Celia Warren-Shrimpton. After forcing her parents to drive her to the Show as a youngster, Warren-Shrimpton has come back year after year competing in the equestrian classes and joining in as a judge too. The final talented member to round off the ‘ordinary’ pack was schoolgirl and motocross rider, Rachael Archer. Archer is the national Motorcross cross-country cham-

pion in the under-200cc two-stroke class, the first female to win the title. Her family have been keen contestants in the Nutbuster event, held the Saturday after the Show, along with spectator favourite, the prequel Endurocross competition held at the Show.

Ordinary folk: Doing extraordinary things at this year’s New Zealand Agricultural Show are, from left: motocross rider rachael Archer, Canterbury A&P Association President Tim black, equestrian competitor and judge Celia Warren-Shrimpton and axeman Pete mcewen. Photo by Dean mackenzie

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The best, brightest and stron

There’s a strong competitive element to any agricultural show and this year’s New Zealand Agricultural Show is no different. From livestock to farming skills and winemaking there is plenty to offer those competitors and spectators who like there shows with a bit of spice. We look at some of the competitive elements of this year’s Show.

❚ by Kent Caddick

cluding In Hand, Turnout & Sledge and Ridden. Showgoers are welcome to take a stroll around the Clydesdale Area where the horses are rested between competitions. • Where: Main Arena, Macfarlane Avenue • When: Daily

Showing Livestock is the lifeblood of any A&P Show, and there is certainly a lot on offer at the New Zealand Agricultural Show. Various manifestations of the mighty cattle beast and copious amounts of sheep add to a varied schedule of competition over the three days. With entrants travelling from far and wide with hope of collecting a ribbon steeped in much prestige, check out the Schedule of Classes on the website www.theshow.co.nz and take a look at the best quality animals the livestock industry has to offer. • Where: Various • When: Daily, from 8.30am

Youth Classes The Sheep, Beef and Dair y Cattle Sections all hold junior classes at the Show, to encourage youth to become involved in showing. The Lady Isaac Scholarship has been introduced to enable our winners to compete in other competitions nationally as well as in Australia. • Where: Alliance NZ Sheep Arena (Sheep), The ANZ Lawn (Cattle) • When: Various

Ballantynes Grand Parade

Horsey set: The Show has a full three day equestrian programme.

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Specialist

The Zealand Agricultural Show hosts one of the country’s largest equestrian programmes. The Horse and Pony Section is the largest showing section at the Show, with the action happening across three arenas: Main Arena, Isaac 1 Arena, and The Common. The Zealand Agricultural Show has a full three day equestrian programme including showing, breed sections, dressage and showjumping. • Where: Main Arena, The Common, Isaac 1 • When: Daily, from 8.30am

In addition to the traditional livestock sections, judging and displays will take place for Wool, Angora Goats, Boer Goats, Pigs and Poultry. Come along and watch the competitors in action and Take your chance to see something a little different. • Where: Various, check the Showgrounds Map • When: Daily, from 8.30am

Ballantynes Clydesdales These gentle giants will be on show in the Main Arena competing in various classes in-

The Ballantynes Grand Parade is a showcase of the best of the best with prize winners across most livestock and equestrian sections parading their ribbons. The Ballantynes Grand Parade is led by the Canterbury Caledonian Pipe Band and is the culmination of three days of showing. • Where: Main Arena • When: Friday 16 November

Woodchopping If you are talking adrenaline pumping, heart stopping action, competitive woodchopping is your sport of choice. It’s a continuous three day woodchopping programme at the New Zealand Agricultural Show so visitors are assured of non-stop action. • Where: Woodchopping Arena, Macfarlane Avenue • When: Daily, from 9am

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ngest to entertain the crowds Alpacas

Shearing

The alpaca section has become more and more popular amongst exhibitors and visitors. Make sure you catch a class, we guarantee it will put a smile on your face. • Where: Various • When: Daily, from 8.30am

The competitive action in the Shearing Pavilion kicks off on Thursday with Woolhandling heats from 7.30am. Machine and Blade Shearing heats and finals take place from 7.30am on Friday. Don’t miss the World Champs qualifying final on Friday – New Zealand’s top shearers and woolhandlers will battle it out to take a spot in the New Zealand team that will be competing in the 2018 World Championships in Invercargill. Shearing Demonstrations and Children’s Shearing will be held on Wednesday. • Where: Shearing Pavilion, entry off Deans Avenue • When: All day, Thursday 15 & Friday 16 November

Vero Supreme Champion Animal of Show The Vero Supreme Champion Animal of Show recognises the best of the best with Supreme Champion entrants from Horse, Sheep, Cattle, Alpaca, Llama, Pig, Goat, Donkey and Poultry battling it out for the top title. • Where: Main Arena • When: Friday 16 November

At their best: The alpaca section has become more and more popular amongst exhibitors and visitors.

Mighty Mix Dog Trails Farm dogs are an important part of everyday life on many New Zealand farms. They are purpose-bred dogs that are trained to round up stock and shift animals through gates, into pens or onto trucks. Many farmers take part in dog trial competitions around the country. These are normally stand-alone events in remote areas, so

viewing the competition at the Show offers a unique opportunity. Duck Herding (dog trialling with Pekin ducks instead of sheep) at lunchtime is not one to be missed. A Show favourite, the Mighty Mix Dog Trial section has a continuous three-day programme kicking off with Sheep Dog Trials on Wednesday and Thursday followed by Yard Dog Trials on Friday. • Where: Mighty Mix Dog Trial Arena, Macfalane Avenue • When: Daily from 7.30am

Sheer skill: Some of the country’s top shearers will be on display at the Show.

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CANTERBURY FARMING

New Zealand Winemaker of the Year The New Zealand Winemaker of the Year Competition is a specialised wine competition to celebrate the highest levels of ability and achievement for New Zealand winemakers. The competition was created in 2016 to compliment the New Zealand Aromatic Wine Competition.

Letting the wines represent the winemaker, the NZ Winemaker of the Year entrants supply three wines of different grape varieties or wine styles which best demonstrates the scope and breadth of their winemaking ability. Entrants must also send a 100-word bio about themselves and a 300-500 word essay on the vineyard and fruit selection that has gone into the wines submitted.

November 2018

Best beasts: Livestock of all shapes and sizes will compete for the ribbons at the Show.

Hands on: There will be plenty of chances to get up close to farm animals at the Show.

Young Auctioneers

Fun of the fair: Plenty of thrills on offer at the Show.

The 2018 Heartland Bank Young Auctioneers Competition will be held on Wednesday 14th of November at the Show. The Competition has received the support of the New Zealand Stock and Station Agentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Association (NZSSAA) and members are encouraged to put forward young talent to compete in the competition. Each entrant in the Heartland Bank Young Auctioneers Competition will receive a Young Auctioneers shirt and entry ticket/parking

pass to attend the New Zealand Agricultural Show. First prize is $2,000 to enable the winner to attend the 2018 Sydney Royal Show to see the ALPA Young Auctioneers Competition. The winner will also have the opportunity to sell as an exhibitor and will receive the Denis Hazlett Medal and NZSSAA Perpetual Trophy. For more information on all events and a Schedule of Classes go the website www.theshow.co.nz

November 2018 CANTERBURY FARMING

Cattle at the Show despite M.bovis The Canterbury A&P Association will be welcoming cattle, excluding calf classes, at the show despite Mycoplasma bovis.

❚❚by Kent Caddick After extensive discussion with MPI and the Royal A&P Show hosted by Hawkes Bay in October, the Association formulated updated procedures to be followed during this year’s spring Show, with approval given on these systems by MPI. The Show’s event director, Geoff Bone, is confident that due to a collaborative effort from their Cattle Committee, exhibitors and MPI, the section will run as proudly as ever, whilst ensuring updated biosecurity protocol is met. “We continue to strive for improvement at the Show and are lucky to work with exhibitors who adopt the highest standards in the industry,” Bone said. “We are confident that our newly updated processes will allow for an added layer of security, whilst not impacting on the experience and workload of our exhibitors too heavily. We remain in close collaboration with MPI in order to implement necessary adjustments as the need arises. “It is important that all A&P Shows continue with open communication to review and improve upon security processes and we look forward to continuing to work closely with Hawke’s Bay and learning from their experiences.” A spokesman for MPI said they were confident the New Zealand Agricultural Show’s cattle procedures were sound. “MPI support the Canterbury A&P Associ-

Cattle friendly: The Show’s event director Geoff Bone is confident updated biosecurity protocol will be met at the New Zealand Agricultural Show.

‘

It’s something that should be proactively managed, rather than a necessary reaction to triggers. Geoff Bone Event director

ation in their proactive approach to addressing current biosecurity concerns. “We have worked in collaboration with them to develop processes and procedures to assist in the safe and successful running of this year’s event.” Hawkes Bay’s Royal A&P Show’s general manager Sally Jackson said cattle breeders and industry experts had been consulted in the six weeks leading up to the show and there was a unanimous agreement indicating that they were willing to exhibit stock at this year’s event. “The Society is committed to making the section work for this sector and has con-

sulted at length with the Ministry of Primary Industry in developing protocols and procedures for those involved in the section.” Bone said the need for Shows to continually develop their biosecurity processes is something that should be proactively managed, rather than a necessary reaction to certain triggers. He said this is something he intends to explore further in the New Zealand Agricultural Show’s Blinc Innovation Hub. “We have partnered with Blinc to expand upon our Innovation Hub at this year’s Show, hosting a variety of panels on prevalent topics in the agricultural sphere. “One of these sessions will cover biosecurity and the necessary actions we should be taking to ensure we are operating in a safe space.”

CANTERBURY FARMING

November 2018

For tough conditions use Ironman 4x4 Ironman 4x4 products will be on display at the Canterbury A&P Show on the 14th to the 16th of November at site E64. supplied by ❚ Article ❚ Terraquip NZ Ltd

ish and stainless steel hoops. All have an aerial lug as well as spotlight mounting points and high lift jack slots.

These products have been developed in the harshest proving ground in the world – Australia, and have been available to 4WD users for over 50 years. Sold in more than 120 countries, Ironman 4x4 will deliver the comfort and safety you demand as well as quality and value for money. With one of the largest ranges of suspension in the world and top of the line accessories, you will find the products and friendly advice you need to help get your vehicle off the beaten track.

Vehicles on display This year we will have some of the latest vehicles on display fully fitted out with the Ironman 4x4 range of accessories. Come and see what your 4wd could look like after you’ve let the team at Ironman 4x4 dress up your truck.

Bullbars The range of bullbars is extensive with an entr y level commercial black bar which is airbag and winch compatible, a deluxe bar which is similar to the commercial bar but has an integrated driving light and the protector bar with a grey fin-

Winches Ironman monster winches are becoming very popular with 2 in the range, a 9500lb and a 12000lb. The gearbox on the winches has an upgraded design with hardened gears to eliminate float for precision operation along with an improved sliding clutch with straight cut gears which eliminates any gearbox slip. The rotatable gearbox allows positioning of the clutch handle to allow fitment to most bars easy hand access. Winches come complete with a wireless remote with a 40m range as well as a 3m lead remote. The 12000lb monster winch has a 6hp (4.5kw) motor which is fully sealed and is supplied with a breather tube for mounting high on the firewall away from water. Winches have 28m of steel cable or have the option of 28m of synthetic rope.

Two way radios If you are in the market for hand held or truck mounted UHF radios, come and see us at the show for expert advice and see the full range of GME products on display.

Lighting To help you enhance your current vehicle lights, Ironman 4X4 produce a range of lights including the Gamma 175 H3 halogen with a pencil and spread beam, the Vega 220 H1 halogen and the Supernova HID 35W with internal ballast, a glass lens, polycarbonate lens cover and with a range of up to 1km! A recent addition are a range of LED lights from small modular types through to a 756mm long LED bar producing 90W of power at 8100 Lumens.

Suspension Suspension kits and components with raised height, long travel and improved performance are available for most makes and models. Ironman 4x4 shock absorbers are available in 35mm Nitro gas or 41mm Foam cell. These have longer travel and are built stronger to deliver performance in all conditions. Leaf and coil springs are made from high quality SUP9 steel and are available in different load ratings from ‘comfort’ to ‘extra constant load’.

debris. These kits are made from 3mm pressed steel, have easy bolt on installation with no drilling or welding required, allow oil changes without removal and are semi gloss powder coated for long life. Kits are available for most late model 4wd vehicles including Nissan, Toyota, Ford, Mazda, Isuzu and Mitsubishi.

Recovery equipment Ironman 4X4 have an extensive range of recovery equipment including snatch straps, recovery kits, highlift jacks and exhaust jacks. All come in sturdy carry bags and you can feel confident of having the right equipment should you get stuck.

Camping accessories The range of camping accessories from Ironman 4x4 is always expanding with the proven rooftop tents and awnings available and a new range of fridges from 30-50 litres, camping chairs, tables, swags, tent lights and picnic sets recently released. There is something for everyone who enjoys the outdoors.

Underbody protection Ironman 4x4 have developed a range of underbody protection kits which give enhanced protection from rocks, mud and

The Ironman 4x4 range of accessories is extensive . For a full run down see the website www.ironman4x4. co.nz or phone 0508 IroNmAN.

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November 2018

CANTERBURY FARMING

NIR... what it is and how testing protein is now affordable by ❚ Supplied FF Instrumentation ltd ❚ What Is NIR? NIR is the commonly used term for Near InfraRed spectroscopy, an analysis technique which has been used in the food and agricultural industries since the late 1970s. Over the years it has become very widely adopted worldwide, as it offers signification benefits over the chemical analysis methods it replaces.

How Does NIR Work? Components such as moisture or fat have their own unique infrared colours which we cannot see. An NIR instrument can see these colours and recognise there is moisture and fat in the material it analyses. NIR can also measure the level of these components by looking at the intensity of their infrared colours.

Infrared colours of compounds come from the fact that certain molecular bonds absorb specific wavelengths of infrared light. The higher the concentration of a compound, the more infrared light is absorbed and less is reflected to the NIR instrument. The NIR instrument measures the proportion of light which is reflected by the ma-

terial which is analysed. Compounds such as protein, fat, starch and sugar can be measured by NIR. Perten Instruments from Sweden are constantly working on improving the capabilities and applications that NIR offer. Why doesn’t every farmer, miller, storage facility or grain handler have an NIR? The restrictive aspect of NIR has always been the cost, until now. Perten’s latest addition to their range - the Inframatic 8800, solves this problem. IM 8800, by Perten of Sweden, is the next generation portable NIR instrument for protein, moisture and oil determination in grain and oilseed. The instrument has been designed with portability in mind to give users freedom to measure grain in-field, at grain storage sites and at grain processing locations. It is even equipped with GPS, enabling point specific sampling to generate protein maps on-the-go to make informed

har vesting and binning decisions. An on-farm grain analyser has been desirable for some time. The demands on such an instrument are high, however, and must balance many requirements. It must be rugged and robust. It must be portable to carry around the field. It must be simple to operate, but sophisticated enough to provide accuracy similar to elevator and lab instruments. And it must do it all in a costeffective manner. Recent technological developments have allowed Perten to develop just such an instrument. The Inframatic 8800 uses solid state components and diode array technology meaning no moving optical components. The instruments are accurate, repeatable, and reproducible. A price of less than $15,000 NZD makes it truly affordable. Contact FF Instrumentation today on 039622960 #804 for more information or a trial.

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CANTERBURY FARMING November 2018

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NZ’s Best Greenhouses Come visit us at the Canterbury A & P Show Site 04, by the dog trials Quality built, domestic and commercial polycarbonate Quality built, domestic and commercial polycarbonate greenhouses, glasshouses and shade houses. World and shade houses. World greenhouses, glasshouses Qualityinbuilt, domestic and commercial polycarbonate beating product, made right here New Zealand. beating product, made right here in New Zealand. greenhouses, glasshouses and shade houses. World

beating product, made here in of NewGreenhouses Zealand. Come and see our range of Greenhouses onright Come and see our range on Come and see our range of Greenhouses on display at Portstone Garden Centre. Phone 389 4352 display at Portstone Garden Centre. Phone 389 4352 Come and see ourdisplay range of Greenhouses on display at Portstone Garden Centre. Phone 389 4352 at Open 7 Days, 465 Ferry Rd, Woolston Open 7 Days, 465 Ferry Rd, Woolston Open 389 7 Days,4352, 465 Ferry465 Rd, Woolston Portstone Garden Centre. Phone Ferry Rd, Woolston

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November 2018

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CANTERBURY FARMING November 2018

IVF-type technology for dairy For the first time in New Zealand new embryo transfer biopsy and genomic selection technology is being used to boost elite animal breeding for the dairy industry.

❚❚Article supplied by CRV Ambreed

CRV Ambreed’s Embryo Transfer (ET) programme pulls together existing technology in a new way, to reduce the time taken to produce elite high genetic merit bulls. Animal Breeding Services (ABS) general manager, Jacqui Forsyth says the embryo transfer process for the most part works like IVF for humans. “Eggs are collected from the cow using ultrasound which are then placed into a medium for 24 hours to prepare them for fertilisation. The eggs are then fertilised in a petri dish to form an embryo,” Forsyth says. The embryos are processed through complex screening which involves using a laser to cut a hole in the embryo and extracting a portion of DNA. From here, CRV Ambreed uses genomic capabilities to screen the biopsied DNA to determine the full genomic profile of the embryo including its sex and genetic merit. CRV Ambreed’s breeding programme manager, Aaron Parker, says the ability to determine the sex of the embryo alone will be a huge advantage for breeders. “Our breeders benefit from this because they only implant female embryos back into their herd to create elite milking and breeding cows,” Parker says. “We take the high merit male embryos for our breeding programme and select the best ones to produce bulls for our Progeny Test

Pioneers: ABS general manager Jacqui Forsyth and CRV Ambreed breeding programme manager Aaron Parker at CRV Ambreed’s production and logistics centre on the outskirts of Cambridge.

programme, and ultimately offer the best bulls to dairy farmers for use when mating.” Parker says a selective tool like this has never been used in a mainstream breeding programme in New Zealand. The process will make CRV Ambreed’s breeding efforts “more efficient and more sophisticated.” From around the country 160 elite Friesian, Jersey and Crossbred cows and heifers have been chosen by CRV’s breeding team to use in the programme. Once the embryos are selected, ABS will take the female embryos back to the individual farms for implantation in selected cows. Parker says this “precision breeding” approach will enable the industry to move forward faster towards having better cows in the national herd. “By using these tools together we can drive genetic gain for profitable, healthy and efficient cows much faster,” he says.

At work: ABS general manager Jacqui Forsyth and CRV Ambreed breeding programme manager Aaron Parker using the embryo transfer biopsy technology.

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November 2018

CANTERBURY FARMING

CEO calls time after 10 years After almost 10 years as the CEO of IrrigationNZ, Andrew Curtis is branching out into new, but at the same time, familiar territory.

❚ by Kent Caddick IrrigationNZ has announced he will be stepping down from the role in March of next year. Curtis will be leaving the organisation to start two new ventures, Irrigation Support – an independent advisory service to assist irrigators achieve good management practice requirements, and Water Strategies – a specialist consultancy providing expert solutions for water allocation and management. “I’ve enjoyed my time at IrrigationNZ and

feel I have made a significant contribution to the New Zealand irrigation industry over the last decade,” Curtis said. “During this time, I’ve also travelled extensively and have always found New Zealand irrigators to be among the most progressive in the world. “I look forward to continuing to work with many of you in the future.” Before joining IrrigationNZ 10 years ago Curtis was a strategic advisor for water at Hawke’s Bay Regional Council.

He has also farmed and originally lived and worked in the United Kingdom. While at IrrigationNZ, he was instrumental in developing and implementing irrigation ‘good management practice’ which is now the performance standard for all irrigators in New Zealand. Over 4,000 irrigators have been through irrigation good management practice training to date and there are also NZQA linked qualifications and an apprenticeship programme for the He has also given the irrigation sector a voice in Wellington and provided practical expert advice to policy makers through numerous government working groups. “Andrew has made a significant contribution, not only to our organisation, but to the irrigation sector as a whole,” Chair of IrrigationNZ, Nicky Hyslop, said. “Andrew’s keen understanding of the environment and New Zealand’s natural water

Change of direction: Andrew Curtis will remain in his role at IrrigationNZ through to march 2019 providing time to hand over to a new Ceo.

systems, his knowledge of the consenting and policy landscapes and his ability to forge relationships with our many and varied members and partner organisations has been hugely valuable.” Canterbury Farming would also like to acknowledge Andrew Curtis’ contribution to the irrigation sector through his monthly columns in the publication.

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CANTERBURY FARMING

FORESTRY

Allan Laurie mNZIF ❚ with ❚ Laurie Forestry Ltd

November 2018

Positive mood continues to pervade the forestry market

October has heralded good lifts in export log prices, back up to similar levels of the highs of the last twelve months. We have had a small lift in sales prices in China, together with a lower exchange rate to thank for the current situation. Whether or not the current good levels remain will very much depend on international factors, predominated by the so called trade wars and the strength of the US economy. The fluctuating fortunes of the Kiwi dollar is a function of the US$ strength or weakness. In this regard it is clear there remains a reasonably high level of uncertainty about what the future might look like. Meanwhile in the land of opportunity, the New Zealand market has remained strong in terms of the wood fibre trade. Sawmills around the country are busy, log stocks are in balance to over-supply and prices are strong. Canterbury sawmills are the exception where oversupply and yards over flowing, is the order of the day. This can be put down to logging crews going gang busters in a dryer than normal winter together with some harvesting forest areas that comprise a higher than normal percentage of domestic logs. Lyttelton and Timaru ports are literally bursting at the seams. With sawmills having to slow down supply to match daily consumption, the ports have been flooded with volume. The holes in the cheese have certainly lined up this time with vessels delayed for a raft of reasons resulting in port space running out and logging crews facing some down time. October CFR settlements in China were mostly up US$2 – $3 per cubic metre on September levels. The indicator A grade has generally settled at US$135/136 per cubic metre which, after shipping and FOREX, gives the NZ forest grower NZ$126 – $128 for Lyttelton/Timaru. The two Canterbury ports rank among some of the highest costs in the country with North Island Ports being up to NZ$10 per cubic metre cheaper.

Bottleneck: Lyttelton and Timaru ports are literally bursting at the seams.

Across the China eastern seaboard, daily consumption rates are hitting their straps with the cooler Autumn days. Current consumption is running at 85,000 cubic metres and inventory has been dropping significantly, as at mid-October sitting at 3.7 million cubic metres and falling. Both factors would suggest further lifts in CFR prices should be the order of the day in the short term. The ability of China to withstand the imposition of a tariff regime with the trade imbalance very much toward the volume going to the US, could result in some speed bumps as we head toward a tough northern hemisphere winter. Some commentators are suggesting the China Government will struggle to maintain the positivity that very much dictates the volumes in commodity trades. An interesting situation is playing out in the perverse cat and mouse game called ship chartering. On the one hand, there is a significant volume over capacity at present, on the other, ship owners want to increase rates to cover bunker (ship fuel) increases. All of this results in shipping companies holding out until the last minute to accept charters and prices. In a normal spot ship charter environment, charter party agreements are signed off three to four weeks before the vessel is due to arrive. At present I am seeing some of the last minute charters being settled five days before the vessel is due. In some cases a price is agreed but a vessel is not named until the last minute, thus giving the owners flexibility around which vessel goes to which port. When you are the exporter this is nail biting stuff and certainly not for the faint heart-

ed. I call it a perverse game of cat and mouse where you cannot be sure if you are the cat or the mouse. With the October price improvements and likely more indicated for November, the overall positive mood continues to pervade the market. There could be trade winds further

out but much can happen that could tip the scales either way. Meanwhile in the land of great promise and opportunity, it remains as always fundamentally important, the only way forward for climate, country and the planet is to get out there and plant more trees.

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November 2018

CANTERBURY FARMING

FORESTRY

Setting up a forestry block What to consider supplied by ❚ Article NZFFA ❚

of it applies equally well to those who already own land and want to choose the best sites for planting.

Many of the people interested in planting trees for profit are farmers who already own the land and wish to diversify their income or capital assets in future. However, increasing numbers of tree planters are not farmers, but people who want to create a valuable asset by planting trees. The following is aimed principally at those who want to buy land for forestry, but much

Location How far is the site from the nearest port, or processing plant with ready access to export facilities? Long distance transport is costly and has a major impact on profitability. Transport costs for sites that are more than 100km from the market can seriously erode returns for logs.

t DIG i it DOZEK it TRUC

G.H. FOSTER Contracting

Access How close is the site to a public road and is there legal access? Getting logs from the site to a public road requires good reliable access for logging trucks. Roading to a suitable standard can be very expensive, particularly if the costs have to be met from only a small block of trees. If access would require upgrading, make sure the site is sufficiently large to bear the cost without seriously affecting profitability. The quality of access can also impinge quite significantly on silvicultural costs (site preparation, planting, releasing, pruning and thinning). If access is by right-of-way or paper road, ensure that there are no impediments to using that access.

Topography For all your agricultural contracting

Ph: 027 441 1533

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Is the site flat, rolling or steep hill country? Steep topography not only increases silvicultural costs and preclude a production thinning, but can have a major impact on harvesting costs. If tracking is required for harvesting ma-

chinery, this will affect profitability, and if harvesting has to be by hauler rather than ground transport, costs will be even greater. Make sure that the drainage of flatter areas is naturally good enough for satisfactory tree growth, because there are no commercial species that will grow on poorly drained sites, and artificial drainage is usually expensive. Be aware that in cool climates, flat areas may be frost flats where it is difficult to get trees established.

Forest management Even if you plan to do all the preparation and silviculture yourself, it is sensible to employ a reputable consultant before you commit yourself to any expenditure, because such a consultant may help you avoid pitfalls that you had not foreseen. In particular, consultants are aware of the many difficulties that can arise at the time of harvesting, and even if you have done everything else right in growing the trees, excess harvesting costs can seriously reduce the potential profitability of the whole enterprise.

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A pine plantation is the habitat of choice for the endangered karearea – the New Zealand falcon. That’s where most of the remaining 4,000 pairs of this spectacular bird live. A freshly harvested forest block makes ideal nesting and hunting territory. Tall adjacent pines give the adults vantage points for spotting their prey.

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CANTERBURY FARMING

FORESTRY

November 2018

Tiny wasp may protect mighty eucalyptus The Environmental Protection Authority is considering an application to release a parasitoid wasp to control the eucalyptus tortoise beetle.

❚ by Kent Caddick The application has been lodged by Scion, the Crown Research Institute focused on research, science and technological development for the forestry and timber industries. EPA’s Hazardous Substances and New Organisms general manager, Dr Fiona Thomson-Carter, says the Australian eucalyptus tortoise beetle causes significant damage to susceptible species of eucalypts. “The beetle’s larvae feed voraciously on eucalyptus leaves for three weeks before pupating. Adult female beetles also feed heavily as they develop. “According to the applicant, the beetle costs the forest industry $1.0-$2.6 million a year in chemical control costs. It estimates that effective biocontrol could prevent $7.2 million in annual losses caused by impaired tree growth and yield attributable to the eucalyptus tortoise beetle.” Scion says farm foresters and owners of moderately-sized eucalyptus plantations cannot afford aerial spraying, so biocontrol is their only realistic option to combat damage done by the beetle. “Eucalyptus trees are grown in New Zealand as a source of products such as woodchips for paper and cardboard manufacture,

By gum: Scion says biocontrol is the only realistic option to combat damage done by the eucalyptus tortoise beetle. lumber, and durable poles which do not require preservative treatment,” Dr ThomsonCarter says. “Scion notes around 90% of tortoise beetle larvae survive into adulthood. But if a larva is attacked just once by the parasitoid wasp, which is harmless to humans, survival drops to just 10%.” Scion says New Zealand has no native beetles of the same type as the eucalyptus

‘

tortoise beetle, and no native eucalyptus species, Scion says. Its laboratory tests suggest the risks to non-target related native and beneficial beetles appears to be very low and has discussed the application with various Maori groups.

The beetle costs the forest industry $1.0-$2.6m a year in chemical control costs. Scion

Public submissions on the application close on Wednesday, November 14.

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November 2018

Environmental beneﬁts of glyphosate

Glyphosate, the world’s most widely-used weed management tool has extensive economic and environmental benefits for farmers, especially for those involved with New Zealand’s grains industry.

The benefits of reducing farming’s environmental footprint are immense. Not only do glyphosate-based products successfully control a broad spectrum of weeds, they also help farmers grow crops more sustainably. This is because they allow farmers to adopt ‘conservation tillage’ – benefiting soil health, reducing carbon emissions and conserving water. There are countless benefits to the land, the farmer and the environment from adopting a no-till system. First and foremost, by leaving the soil mostly undisturbed and leaving high levels of crop residues behind, soil erosion is almost eliminated. Utilising crop residues in no-till farming drastically increases water infiltration and therefore retention by the soil due to less evaporation. This conserves water, due to crops requiring less irrigation. It also reduces the runoff of contaminated water – by, for example, fertiliser usage. Some estimates suggest crop residues provide as much as five centimetres of additional water to crops in late summer. No-till farmed soils have a water penetration rate of 13 centimetres per hour – twice as much as for conventionally tilled land – making no-till farming an excellent option for drought-prone areas of the country. Because the soil is not frequently agitated, the practice promotes biodiversity in and around the soil. Organisms like mycorrhizal fungi, which make commensal associations with crop roots, and earthworms, increase water retention in the soil. These organisms flourish through no-till farming – benefiting the plant and fungus. Adopting no-till farming reduces carbon emissions from mechanical equipment as well as labour and fuel costs. Conventional

tillage requires as many as five passes over the land with a plough. No-till requires one – to plant the seeds. By running the tractor less, a fuel saving of up to 80 percent can be realised. Another way to reduce carbon emissions is by pairing no-till farming with crop covering – planting crops for the express purpose of soil health. This reduces emissions through greater sequestration of carbon dioxide by the soil. Over half of the potential carbon se-

questration from farmlands comes from conservation tillage. Environmental and economic benefits aside – without glyphosate – farmers would need to manually till their land to remove weeds. That would catapult New Zealand farmers back to the agricultural methods of the 1970s and 1980s. Why would we want to do that, when glyphosate has recorded over forty years of safe use in New Zealand? There are other herbicides we can use –

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November 2018

A look at claw blocks

Fred Hoekstra ❚ with VeeHof ❚

There are a variety of options for claw blocks out there and while they all do the same thing, they all have their pros and cons.

The principle of the block is to glue it to the sole of the healthy claw. This way, the weight of the cow is being relieved from the sore claw giving it the rest it needs to heal. If you are in doubt as to whether a particular cow needs a block or not, you should put one on. It is only when you are sure she doesn’t need a block that you can decide not to use one – remember a claw block is always cheaper than a lame cow. A cow that has a lesion in the claw will walk much better when a block has been fitted because the pain has been reduced significantly. Claw blocks provide lifelines for many cows that other wise would have ended up at the works. The thing with claw blocks is that they need to be placed correctly on the claw. All the weight that was spread out over the two claws is now only going on the claw with the block attached. This means that the block needs to be fitted flat, in line with the interdigital space and far enough back on the heel of the claw as this ensures that the claw is still supported properly. Imagine what it would be like if the sole of your shoe was attached all wonky. Preparation of the claw is key to getting a good adhesion regardless of what type of block you use. The claw needs to be clean and dry, but dry is more important than clean. We don’t recommend the use of methylated spirits, just clean the claw with your angle grinder and/or knife and make sure you keep water away from the claw throughout the whole trimming process. Water gets absorbed into the claw very easily which doesn’t help the glue. A block should normally stay on for 4-6 weeks. Any longer and you will risk lameness on the healthy claw because of the constant overloading, which means that the block should be taken off after 6 weeks if it hasn’t come off by itself. I would recommend that cows are kept close to the shed until block is not required anymore, if possible. The different options for claw blocks include: the shoe type blocks, wooden block and rubber/polyurethane block.

Spreading the weight: Claw blocks need to be placed correctly on the claw.

Shoe type block These blocks will stay on the claw for a decent amount of time – often for too long, and they are not particularly easy to remove. They can also be too small for some cows. If the block is sitting too far forward on the claw, then the heel is not supported properly. This can force the toe upwards which will put a lot of strain on the deeper flexor tendon. The Demotec Easy bloc design does overcome this problem with the block part of the shoe set back from the toe, and the shoe part is quite flexible allowing better fit on different sized hooves.

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you can place them better on the claw. It doesn’t matter if the claw sticks over the front of the block as long as the heel is flush with the block. If cows are put back with the main herd after being blocked, then the wood block may wear too fast if long distances are being walked. These are usually the most cost effective option.

Rubber/polyurethane blocks These work the same as wooden ones and the same glue can be used. Rubber blocks are harder wearing than wooden blocks which can be useful if the lame cows cannot be kept close to the shed for whatever reason. The disadvantages are that they need to be taken off more often than wooden blocks (and are more difficult to remove), and they are not very environment friendly. If you have any further questions, please call us 0800veeHoF or send me an email: fred@veehof. co.nz

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Why science always wins ❚ with Peter burton

Science, according to the Concise Oxford Dictionary, is systematic and formulated knowledge. Primarily it’s about measures, and when it comes to fertiliser it’s about performance measured over time.

Soil fertility programmes here were developed initially from measures taken in the 1940s and 50s by DSIR (Dept Scientific and Industrial Research), later to become MAF

Which would you prefer?

(Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries). A cornerstone of the work carried out by the various Research Institutes throughout the country prior to 1990, was providing farmers with the best and most up-to-date information. There was no commercial influence then, and trial work required the co-operation of several disciplines for a minimum of 10 years. We regularly now hear of an imminent science breakthrough that will reduce nitrate-N losses and greenhouse gas emissions, as well as remove excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Even if such a breakthrough was discovered right now, it would be several years before sufficient measures could be made in enough practical farm situations to know that it provided a viable alternative to current practice. There are no miracle cures about to be released, which means that we either continue with current practices and suffer the environmental and financial consequences, or far reaching regulation is introduced, slashing animal numbers and depriving farmers of their livelihoods. One possible miracle would be if the longterm data from alternative soil fertility programmes were examined to see whether there’s anything of value. It would take maybe 90 days for a team of researchers to carefully analyse the data, and take enough meas-

ures from the properties of long-term users, to know what of value there is to be learned. There is plenty that can be learned from the work of those outside mainstream, although it will come too late for at least one of the first people to appreciate that a calcium, rather than phosphorus driven soil fertility system, provided superior results in all respects. Vaughan Jones, who died recently, was a vociferous advocate of higher than usual inputs of lime and soft phosphate rock along with elemental sulphur as the basis for clover dominant permanent grazed pasture, and time will show he was ahead of his time. The advantage of the system Vaughan pioneered was steadily increasing pasture growth over time, in contrast to the results from the urea driven system embraced by many today. There are plenty of measures to show that annual pasture growth has steadily declined with increasing nitrogen use over the last 27 years. It will be looked back on as a failed strategy, with the damage caused taking decades to recover. Nitrogen is an essential growth requirement, as important in calcium driven systems as in systems reliant on regular N applications. The difference is that sufficient N can be made available naturally for pasture growth in excess of 18 tonne of dry matter per hectare per year. And the claim that nitrogen, whether applied in the form of bag N or fixed by clover, is the same doesn’t stand close scrutiny, due to the short length of time (1994-’96) over

which the study was conducted. Most pastoral soils on which dairy cows currently graze naturally contain 5,000 – 15,000kg N/ha. Only a small percentage is required for plant growth throughout the season with the majority recycled via dung and urine. As with all nutrients only 1 – 5% of the total amount is available at any given time for plant uptake. The key to the success of the clover-based system is that it is fixed in response to declining plant available levels, a far more efficient way of supplying N to plants. When ideal grazing intervals are adopted plants contain more protein and less nitrate, further reducing the amount of N lost to groundwater. The measures are available, and those wanting to scrutinise dispassionately may have access to them. Total N leached may still be above the strictest standards demanded. However, compared to losses from fertiliser N dependent systems, the reduction is significant. Not perfection perhaps, but possibly a start point for scientists aware that there is no single magic button in a multi factored natural system. Our experience is that scientists seldom stray far from their centres of work, even when invited. Those of us in the field can assist by providing the essential field observations required, if rapid progress that allows farmers to remain viable now and into the future, and the fresh water standards are to be met. For more information contact Peter on 0800 843 809.

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November 2018

Apprenticeship programme milestone The Federated Farmers Apprenticeship Dairy Programme recently marked its first anniversary.

❚ by Kent Caddick The pilot programme supported by MBIE, the PrimaryITO and Feds, was launched last year with the intention of finding more Kiwis keen to work in the dairy industry on farm, and keen to upskill into a farming career. “After almost a year Feds is proud to say we’ve had 193 employer expressions of interest, and 98 completed farm charters, enabling employers to enter the programme along with 180 eligible apprentice expressions of interest and 62 apprentices in the programme,” Federated Farmers dairy chair Chris Lewis says. Dairy provides jobs and incomes for over 40,000 workers, not to mention the hundreds of small communities around New Zealand which rely on downstream income from dairy farming. The dairy sector contributes $7.8 billion to New Zealand’s GDP and players a crucial role in supporting regional economic devel-

opment however Lewis says unfortunately the New Zealand labour market hasn’t keep place with the growth of the dairy market. “In dairy farming a good employment workplace will have rosters, modern payroll systems, competitive wages, good houses available to rent - unlike in the city - positive, encouraging employers and lots more,” Lewis says. “In New Zealand we have a strong economy in rural and city, so we need make sure dairy farming as a career is well regarded and attractive so we can get more young Kiwis working outside on our farms, as with no Auckland traffic issues, the only peak hour traffic they experience is taking the herd to the cowshed.” The top five markets for New Zealand dairy exports are: China, United States, United Arab Emirates, Australia, and Japan, while the country’s top four dairy export products are whole milk powder (37%), cheese (12%), skim milk powder (10%), and butter (9%).

Job attraction: Federated Farmers dairy chair Chris Lewis says they need to make sure dairy farming as a career is well regarded and attractive. Talk to us today about your farms soil fertility. We offer a soil testing service and will recommend and supply you with a fertiliser program to suit you and your farms individual needs.

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November 2018

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WATER & IRRIGATION

Essential Freshwater plan released The government recently released a new Essential Freshwater plan. It aims to have new rules in place by 2020 to stop waterway degradation and achieve noticeable improvements in freshwater quality within five years.

Andrew Curtis ❚ by ❚ CEO IrrigationNZ

The plan introduces a number of new advisory groups representing science and technical advisors, Maori, councils and other interests. The government’s first focus is on at-risk catchments where water quality is deteriorating – a recommendation of the Land and Water Forum. They are expecting to have a report on possible interventions by December. Their next priority is amending the RMA to enable regional councils to review consents and more quickly implement water quality and quantity limits. The Government plans to work with Kahui Wai Maori, the Freshwater Leaders Group and others on nutrient allocation options and consult on these in 2019 and 2020. They want to recognise Maori rights and interests in water allocation, and also consider existing users rights, economic development, and efficiency issues. Where water is scarce and this is limiting growth, the gov-

‘

We are pleased to see the government supporting the use of Farm environment Plans. Andrew Curtis CEO, IrrigationNZ

ernment may consider measures to support economic growth, land development, and community and environmental resilience. These could include environmentally responsible water storage and distribution, managed aquifer recharge, and technology to support greater efficiency. Options on water allocation will be developed in 2019/2020. By 2020, the government wants to adopt

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a new National Environmental Standard for Freshwater Management. This may provide national direction on reviewing consents, a default regime for ecological flows where none exist, and details of how minimum flows apply to existing consents. Farm Environment Plans may also become a requirement. The government also plans to amend the Freshwater National Policy Statement by 2020. This will be based on the Sheppard principles which prioritise water quality above other issues and this may include new rules on sediment, copper and zinc, and dissolved oxygen, and direction to councils on how to set limits and policies on at-risk catchments. Amongst all these changes, we would like to see consultation with primary sector representative organisations occur. The representative groups are heavy on scientists and councils. We need to see the impacts of any changes tested on the ground to ensure they are practical and affordable for farmers and growers to adopt. We also need to understand the impacts

of national changes on water allocation policy and consent reviews on communities. The economic and community impacts of any increases in river flows need to be considered as well as environmental impacts. While it’s appropriate to have the ability to review consents, farmers also need certainty about the future in order to invest in making improvements like installing more efficient irrigation systems. We are pleased to see the government supporting the use of Farm Environment Plans and looking at some of the innovative solutions to address water shortages being adopted overseas. Issues around Maori rights and interests in water are complex and the government’s timelines for making progress seem overly ambitious in this area. A lot of these issues the government is regulating on have already been worked through by communities in places like Canterbury and difficult decisions already made. Let’s hope the changes don’t undermine this work.

WATER & IRRIGATION

Tony Trewinnard ❚ by ❚ Blue Skies Weather

CANTERBURY FARMING

November 2018

Weak El Nino pattern likely

In the tropical Pacific we continue to see warmer than normal water surfacing along the equator, and despite its late start, we are just about on the cusp of being able to say an El Nino event has arrived. Expect to see some words in the media about this in the next few weeks. However, the drivers for this El Nino are not strong, and the event is very late starting, both of which suggest that it will be a relatively weak El Nino, probably short lived, and possibly of the Modoki type, which is not the usual style of El Nino event. The best global analogy of the current pattern remains 2009, a year I have mentioned before as being a likely analogy for this spring and summer, as far back as early autumn. The 2009 spring brought more southwesterly winds than usual, making temperatures colder than normal in the South Island and the west of the North Island, and near normal in the east of the North Island. Rainfall was drier than normal in the North Island and the east of the South Island, and near normal elsewhere. Sunshine hours were above normal in the South Island and the east of the North Is-

land, but cloudier than normal in the west of the North Island. This pattern seems to fit nicely with what we are experiencing so far this spring, and I feel fairly confident suggesting this pattern will continue.

So what did the 2009-10 summer bring? December was cold with more southwesterly airflow, wetter in the south of the South Island but a little drier elsewhere. January and February were warmer than normal, with increased sunshine in most areas except the west of the North Island where it was cloudier. Rainfall was above normal in the east of the North Island, but this was due to one rather anomalous period of easterly airflow and not a fair reflection on the majority of the weather. In most other parts of the country rainfall was near normal, but the east of the South

Island from Marlborough to inland Otago was drier than normal, but not droughty. I feel the 2009-10 spring-summer season represents the best guide I can currently come up with for this coming season. It will have an El Nino flavour to it (so, more westerly airflow than usual and fewer easterlies, but the westerlies will be more southwest to west, so a little cooler and not always as dry as when we get a full-blown west to northwesterly El Nino event). Expect the next few months to be colder than usual, especially at night when late frosts are possible, but from about January onwards temperatures should warm up to at least normal, and probably above. Sunshine hours look likely to be above normal in most parts, except perhaps the far south of the South Island and the west coast of the North Island, where it may be cloudier. It will be interesting to watch the development of this current El Nino event over the

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next few weeks and see if it keeps on building up, or if it plateaus at a weak level (most likely in my opinion). I will write some more about these forecast summer patterns next month. Meanwhile, I note that in the deeper Pacific sub-surface there are signals appearing which are often the early-lead pre-cursor of La Nina events. If this present El Nino does turn out to be weak and short-lived, then the development of a significant La Nina event in the 2019 autumn and winter is a distinct possibility. blue Skies is now regularly generating six-week outlooks and seasonal outlooks. Contact blue Skies for more information or to subscribe. For occasional postings about seasonal and long range information check out the blue Skies Weather Facebook page: www.facebook.com/ BlueSkiesWeather

November 2018

CANTERBURY FARMING

WATER & IRRIGATION

Accounting for rainfall or irrigation with Dr Tony Davoren

❚ Hydro Services ❚

Interception, by-pass flow, application rate, application rate and depth, and soil type… all of these have an effect on whether or not a soil moisture sensor will ‘sense’ an irrigation or rainfall event.

Don’t blame the sensor until a bit of investigation has been carried out. We are often asked to “take a look at the sensor calibration(s) because it/they didn’t register” the rainfall or more commonly an irrigation. There are physical reasons why a sensor may not register an event and maybe a combination of reasons. Firstly canopy interception can result in the rainfall or irrigation not reaching the soil (or only a small proportion gets there). Interception is the rainfall/irrigation that is intercepted by the leaves of a crop and then successively evaporates from the leaves. Rainfall/irrigation that is not intercepted will reach the soil as throughfall or stemflow. Soil type and by-pass flow sort of go handin-hand. Light and/or stony soils have large pores (gaps between the soil particles/ stones), so water can pass straight through these macro-pores (bypass flow because it doesn’t become absorbed in the micro-pores of the soil), sensors won’t be in contact with the soil in these macro-pores and therefore may not respond or have only a small response. Application rate is really key on most of our irrigated soils, especially the lighter/stonier

soils. The rate water arrives at the soil under irrigation will mostly be greater than the infiltration rate. This will “drive” bypass flow and once again the sensor may or may not show a response. Rainfall on the other hand rarely exceeds the infiltration rate – most of our significant rainfall arrives at 3-4mm/hour, less than a third of the infiltration rate. Also the application depth (how much is being applied) may not be sufficient to exceed the amount of interception and the moisture may not make it to the soil. How much can be intercepted depends on the height and percent cover of the crop. By way of demonstration the two plots (refer Graph 1 and Graph 2) show the effects of soil type, bypass flow and application depth (and maybe a little bit of application rate). To sum up, when the sensor doesn’t respond or respond as much as one would expect, look back at the last rainfall event and see what happened (or better if it does rain look at the response). If there is a rainfall response then all is good. Also, give some thought to how much cover there was – if there was 2000-2500 cover then potentially 4-5mm or more might have been intercepted.

Canterbury Farming Option3

Graph 1: Centre pivot irrigation of pasture on shallow very stony soils with applications of 4-5mm/ day. There is evidence that a little/some of the water was absorbed in the soil, but majority was either intercepted by the pasture canopy or was bypass ﬂow. Larger application depth (say 10-12mm) would result in a response much the same as the first rainfall event.

Graph 2: Centre pivot irrigation of pasture on deeper silt loam soils applying 12-15mm (on about 2½ day round). In this case the application depth exceeded the interception capacity (good), there are few macro-pores in this soil (good) which minimises bypass ﬂow and moisture is stored in the soil profile.

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rob Cochrane ❚ by Procurement Manager, ❚ Wool PGG Wrightson Wool ❚

No miracles in the wool market

The wool market has recently proven that there are no miracles but certainly plenty of mysteries as prices have continued to see-saw with complete disregard for external influencers such as a weakening Kiwi dollar. In general terms, buyer demand for crossbred wool types has proven erratic, mid-micron types dependent upon fineness measurement, and merino types reactive to lack of global supply. As the availability of pre-lamb shorn crossbred fleece began to lessen over the past few weeks and shorn hogget wool became more commonplace, brokers may have shown some complacency in regards to market outlook, however finer crossbreds (mostly hogget types) began to ease as Chinese buying interests appeared to withdraw from the marketplace. Full length pre-lamb shorn fleece of good colour, low vm contamination, and good tensile strength continued to be in strong demand, however poorer types, and/or old season’s wools showing the obvious results of having been stored in their bales for some time, were much more difficult to value. Bulky crossbred oddments drew good interest but shorter and low yielding types were very difficult to move. Buyers remained critical of wool preparation levels and prices were reflective of that, in particular where mixed lengths, whether body wool or oddment types, were apparent in the samples shown to the buying trade, or poor quality wools contaminated better quality wools. Whilst exporters remain sympathetic towards grower returns, there also remains a requirement for quality deliveries to processor/manufacturer customers regardless of market levels. Halfbred and Corrriedale wool types continued to draw good attention from the export trade over the past few weeks, however tested micron was the key driver with stronger types favoured slightly less than fine and medium types, once again a reflection of weaker demand from Chinese buying interests in the 28 micron and stronger brackets. A few ‘holes’ in the market were also evident for a handful of 26 micron types

CANTERBURY FARMING

November 2018

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NO commission! NO transport costs! NO guess work! however wool quality and shed preparation remained extremely important for exporters when making their purchasing decisions. In general terms, oddment types drew good interest from the trade. The Merino wool market remained in great shape during September and into mid-October with strong focus towards well prepared wools accompanied by robust test results, particularly for tensile strength and micron reflective of visual appraisal. With good numbers of merino wool types offered through the Christchurch auction room by local brokers, exporter interest was, and still is, as strong as it had been for several years with every major processing country represented. Interestingly, a new Australian based buyer joined the bench during September adding further to the already widespread bidding ability at local auctions. In general terms, all merino wool types offered in Christchurch during the past six or seven weeks, sold extremely well and, following most auctions, buyer comment was that several types had commanded better prices than those

‘

Australian merino wool production definitely is the over-all market inﬂuencer.

ruling at Australian auctions the previous day. It must not be over-looked however, that Australian merino wool production definitely is the over-all market influencer. A reminder: A ‘live’ wool auction will be held on the Canterbury A&P Association show grounds during the NZ Agricultural Show, commencing at 8.00am Thursday 15th November, providing a great chance for the general public to witness an auction where around $2.5m turns over each hour, without even a hand-shake! That’s my view.

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November 2018

CANTERBURY FARMING

LIVESTOCK

Environmental help for deer farmers Deer farmers wanting environmental help will now be able to get it free from their industry organisation.

❚ by Trevor Walton Deer industry environment groups (DIEGs) are to be established around the country to help deer farmers improve their environmental performance through a mix of mutual support and professional guidance. Innes Moffat of Deer Industry NZ (DINZ) says there will be between five and eight farms in each group, with a paid facilitator and a farmer chair. Farmers will be helped within the group to work through a process to: • Identify and prioritise environmental risks on their farms • Agree on actions to manage risks • Monitor the impact of those actions

Document the actions and outcomes The NZ Deer Farmers Association expects all deer farmers to complete a farm environment plan (FEP) by 2020. Moffat says he imagines group members will have completed their plans after their first year in a group. “The recently published Deer Industry Environmental Management Code of Practice is a great resource for this. It’s packed with packed with practical examples of what works on the farm.” Moffat says DINZ will fund the facilitators

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Koura in the creek: evidence that this deer farm stream is healthy. and outside expertise through the Passion to Profit (P2P) programme, a joint DINZ and Ministry for Primary Industries initiative. It will also provide practical information and links to outside expertise. “It’s important that the whole ‘community’ of each member is engaged in the group – partners, other family members, staff and others with an interest in the farm. They need to understand that tasks like filling in

wallows with rock, or fencing off streams and wetlands, have a bigger purpose: to reduce soil loss, improve water quality and enhance biodiversity.” Moffat says facilitators will not be completing FEPs for group members – they will be expected to use their own resources for that, although some might choose to hire environmental consultants to help. The process will be a balance between

outside support and self-reliance. “For example, facilitators are likely to be well-schooled in good environmental practice and be familiar with local regional council requirements.” The DIEGs are based on the successful P2P Advance Party model, but are expected to have a shorter life-span. Also there is a fixed purpose of each group – improved environmental performance. The initiative is being coordinated nationally by Phil McKenzie, a former environment general manager with Landcorp. “My focus is on engaging farmers and communities in positive conversations and design. Farmers are great observers and together have a lot of collective wisdom,” McKenzie says. “My aim is to help get the conversations going to enable deer farmers to tweak their systems so they remain profitable, environmentally sustainable, and feel loved for what they do.” Unlike Advance Parties, the DIEGs aren’t being limited to deer farmers. If a deer farmer has a group of neighbours who want to get on with some environmental work, they can take part. Interested in setting up a DIeG, or joining one? Contact Phil on phil@changeforgood.co.nz or ph: 027 499 7809.

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Protecting enviroment and reputation

Irrigation season is underway and across the Canterbury Plains water irrigators are applying water to pastures and crops giving farmers security around production.

Phil Smith ❚❚by Director, ❚❚ Beef + Lamb NZ

This season got off to a patchy start with low river levels in many areas forcing irrigation companies to reduce their allocations. Recent rain has alleviated the situation for now. Water always becomes a hot topic over summer and for good reason. We cannot live without water and all of us want clean fresh water for ourselves and for future generations. The government has recently announced an ambitious work programme to implement new rules around water and these will impact on all farmers, both irrigating and dryland. The majority of farmers I know are continually striving to protect and enhance their environment but there is, and will always be, room for improvement. From a dryland farming perspective, the concern is about sediment run-off and winter grazing practices. The rain we experienced in early June just highlighted how wet our winter feed crops can get and the sight of stock standing in mud reflected badly on our industry from both an animal welfare and environmental point of view.

We have overseas tourists driving up and down our roads and we need to consider how our wintering practices appear to those who don’t understand of the value of feed crops in our pastoral systems. Simple steps such as starting to graze the crop at the end away from the road, grazing paddocks that are prone to pugging early when its dry and most importantly, having a contingency plan for when it does get very wet can all help protect our environment, livestock and reputation. Beef + Lamb New Zealand is running a campaign to urge farmers to think about selecting the most appropriate paddocks for growing winter feed crops to minimise sediment loss and to prevent contamination of waterways. As an industry we need to show that we are owning the impact we are having on water quality and making improvements. If we don’t we are more likely to be subject to more stringent regulations. I know farming seems to be coming under increased scrutiny and this can be very dispiriting when we are all doing our best to produce high quality food with minimal impact on our environment. Our fertiliser use, greenhouse gas

emissions and water use have all come under the spotlight, but we do need to be proud of the fact that we are amongst the most sustainable food producers in the world while continually striving to make the most efficient use of our resources. Many of us have had a good lambing and while a falling dollar and a shortage of sheep meat globally should point to strong prices, meat companies are talking prices down. We do need to be mindful of the potential for consumer push-back if the price for sheep meat gets too high and we need our meat companies to generate a profit if they are going to stay in business. Farmers in Australia are receiving around $8/kg for their lamb and are very happy with this price. It gives them confidence in their industry. Similarly, in this country this season is still looking like one where we can all enjoy sound returns.

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November 2018

CANTERBURY FARMING

Bi-Turbo diesel for better economy The updated 2019 Ford Everest Titanium, which the company is describing as a significant evolution in safety, technology and design and arriving in dealerships around the country this month, is hinting of better fuel economy and performance.

❚ by Kent Caddick. The new Ford Everest Titanium will come standard with a new-generation powertrain with 10-speed automatic for improved fuel-efficiency, 500Nm of torque delivering greater towing capability, and improved suspension for enhanced dynamics, smoothness and refinement. The new Everest will feature a suite of driver assist technologies including Autonomous Emergency Braking with Pedestrian Detection. According to Chief Program Engineer John Willems New Zealanders can expect to see some impressive new content in the latest Everest. “The 2019 Ford Everest Titanium features a new 2.0L Bi-Turbo diesel engine, delivering increased power and torque alongside a new 10-speed automatic transmission, with paddle shift. “The benefits being much more refined in terms of noise level, better fuel economy and performance.” The Ford Everest’s design, engineering and development has included testing at Ford’s You Yangs Proving Ground in Australia, part of a gruelling regime in which the Everest was put through millions of kilometres of testing around the globe. It comes with Autonomous Emergency

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CANTERBURY FARMING

November 2018

Facial recognition ‘ground-breaking’

The 2019 Subaru Forester is the latest all-new SUV to be launched in the SUV-loving nation of New Zealand and this fifth-generation model is bound to make an impact courtesy of features like facial recognition and its many other remarkable, class-leading technologies.

❚ Article supplied by Subaru NZ

Subaru New Zealand’s Managing Director Wallis Dumper says the new generation 2019 Forester is the ideal SUV to provide Kiwis and particularly families, with a chance to upgrade their fun. “We see this exciting reinvigoration of our already popular Forester as an opportunity to maintain and build on this model’s reputation as a pleasurable to drive, family-friendly vehicle.” Within seconds of stepping in the Forester, the system recognises the driver and automatically adjusts the SUV to their preferences. Up to five drivers can be registered in the system, which greets each driver when they get behind the wheel of the Forester. Another feature of the Driver Monitoring System is a Wandering Gaze Warning – if the driver continues to look away from the road ahead the system warns both passengers and the driver through a visual and audio alert. The Driver Monitoring System can also detect if the driver is dozing or getting drowsy. This warning system once again uses facial recognition technology to determine if the driver is dozing off – this is presumed if they continue to close their eyes while driving. Drowsiness is recognised by calculating the time ratio the driver’s eyes are closed. Dumper thinks the ground-breaking DMS technology will be a game-changer for Kiwis.

“The family SUV is often driven by multiple family members, who are transporting their kids around. DMS technology will make life even easier for those with a fast paced life, and of course safer.” DMS is just one of many significant advances that underline Forester’s status as a class – leader for driving fun, safety, wholeof-life value and sure-footed performance both on and off-road. Further enhancing safe driving, Subaru’s award-winning EyeSight® driver assist technology is now standard across the entire Forester range.

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Hyundai’s fourth generation Santa Fe Like the much-loved existing model, the new generation Santa Fe is a powerful, elegant SUV with best-in-class safety features, excellent driving dynamics and exceptional roominess.

❚ Article supplied by Hyundai

Substantially bigger than the current model, it stands out in the large SUV market through an expressive and powerful front that adopts Hyundai’s new SUV-family identity with eyecatching twin headlamps and the signature front design feature, the cascading grille. The dynamic character of the side is enhanced by a sleek roof line and the bold side character line running from the headlights to the taillights to form a fluid design. The rear creates a confident and stable stance with unique tail lights, dual exhausts, and a striking bumper design. Hyundai’s Connected Car Service ‘AutoLink Premium’ makes its debut on the allnew Santa Fe. This provides a seamless overview of vehicle data, including real-time diagnostics, tyre pressure monitoring, driving history statistics, parking management, easy service booking, automatic access to roadside assistance and remote vehicle functions. It also provides one of the best-in-class safety packages, remarkable roominess and innovative comfort features that will enhance the owner’s lifestyle. The new generation Santa Fe offers the choice of diesel and petrol engines, both with improved efficiency and refinement. With the arrival of HTRAC, Hyundai’s next generation all-wheel-drive technology, all Santa Fe models will be all-wheel drive. It comes in either 2.4 petrol or 2.2 diesel

Connected: Hyundai’s connected car service ‘AutoLink Premium’ makes its debut on the all-new Santa Fe, providing a seamless overview of vehicle data.

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When in Rome...

November 2018

I’m writing this tucked in a corner of the Plenary Theatre, the ‘Blue Room’ at FAO (Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations) in Rome.

❚ by Solis Norton Below me the 500-strong Committee on World Food Security (CFS) is engaged in an intense week of negotiation toward their goal of Zero Hunger globally in 2030. It feels a long way back home to Dunedin, especially now, after the best part of a hundred thousand kilometres on the road for my Nuffield scholarship. Rome is the last stop, I’m headed back down under in few a days. Some long haul flights to join the dots between farming in New Zealand and Zero Hunger. Zero Hunger is the second of the United Nations’ seventeen Sustainable Development Goals set in 2015 for 2030. It looks to me like a tough job. The number of hungry has increased over the last three years which is a real disappointment after gains made in preceding years. Strangely linked, obesity is still on the rise too, now affecting one in eight adults. Climate and its weather extremes is singled out as a major risk to further reducing hunger. It’s a big deal here. I think back to last year’s growing season in New Zealand, which for most farmers was somewhere between above average and exceptional. It makes you wonder what the next twenty years holds. Migration is a big topic too. CFS describe it as part and parcel of economic and social SILO CANTERBURY FARMING 267W X development and see it as a way of reducing

inequality. The 248 million international movements in the 25 years to 2015 are double that of the previous period and, for stark comparison, fifty times the population of New Zealand. While they grab headlines internal migration is about four times more common still! I think back over my travels, a migration of one. Seeing the ways this mixing of cultures plays out with all the vibrancy and diversity, the friction too and everyone trying to confirm their identity. Working through foreign lands, foreign languages and foreign systems I don’t understand. But in the lap of luxury compared with a refugee. I have a new respect for those folk. Young people in agriculture is another key topic in our smaller meetings, obviously another big global challenge. And the last big topic, nutrition, focusses attention on getting the right food. This Rome experience is amazing to see first-hand and the UN’s track record is obviously impressive. The wealth of knowledge here is huge too. But for me personally, the practical nuts and bolts of how to achieve our farming goals hold far more appeal than the posturing and political dialogue of these massive negotiations. I guess if I learned that one thing from this 180H MM Nuffield adventure, I’m getting ahead.

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