Chimeric antigen receptor and adoptive cell transfer

Chimeric Antigen Receptor and Adoptive Cell Transfer Tags: CAR, ACT, TIL Adoptive Cell Transfer (ACT) is a living treatment that induces extracorporeal division of immune cells and makes them return to the body. The principle of ACT is to obtain tumor tissue, and get tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) containing tumor and immune cells. TILs differentiate and grow in the role of IL-2 to digest tumor cells, and are injected into the body after in vitro amplification for tumor cells immunity and inhibition. Chemotherapy prior to ACT reduces lymphocyte depletion (lymphodepletion), increasing T-cell viability and T-cell growth factor IL-5 in the blood, allowing ACT immune cells to extend in vivo (from days to months).

CAR-T technology is one of the most popular anti-cancer methods, which has a significant effect on the blood tumor and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The basic principle of CAR-T is to modify collected immunized T cells in vitro, expressing different chimeric antigen receptors CAR to enable T cells to recognize tumor cell surface molecules. When the two are combined, T cells can be quickly activated to kill. CAR-T is also extended to solid tumors (recognizing MUC1 protein), autoimmune diseases (CHAR target specific B cells), HIV infection (extensively neutralizing antibody CAR-T), transplant rejection (modified regulatory T cells, Tregs) and so on. Bivalent tandem CAR (Tandem CAR, TanCAR), which can identify different antigenic targets, is also used as a response to single antigen receptor CAR causing tumor surface molecular variation.

However, since cell therapy is more like a clinical procedure. Coupled with factors that are not easy to produce and regulate, are easily contaminated, are difficult to make standardized drugs and others, the prospect of CAR-T and other cell therapies do not give enough excitement for pharmaceutical giants and VC. The possibility of CAR-T drug (standardized CAR-T) Remains to be explored.

Source: http://biolabs.rebelmouse.com/chimeric-antigen-receptor-and-adoptive-cell-transfer2324319555.html