ORKS
60MM SETDOWN TO CONCRETE POCKETS CONCRETE FINISH 'C
750
175
100
175
245
11°
CONSTRUCTING ENVIRONMENTS Catherine Demetriou_641497 3410 4320 Activity_Structural C oncept 730 75 1_descripton/classification of structural systems a)Foundations and footings -‐Existing concrete slab -‐The Slab is approximated to be 150ml OUTLINE OF EXISTING SLAB NEW CONCRETE TObENGINEER'S -‐also appears like it may be structural support from oSLAB ther uildings DETAILS EXISTING FOOTING AND b) Primary Structure (Horizontal and VBRICKWORK ertical) UNDER 195 -‐rafters beams COL -‐walls DP -‐Brick walls from pre-‐existing building CON3 c) Secondary Structure (Horizontal and Vertical) 480 -‐Battons -‐Perlins -‐Joists -‐Steel Beams -‐Plaster Boards -‐Zinc -‐Colour bond flat sheets 2_Graphic Structural Diagrams (structural systems to be clearly shown) a)Foundations and Footing NEW ROOF WITH FIXED Existing concrete slab SKYLIGHTS 4 1780 EXTENSION
EXISTING ROOF
150 150
COL CONC. SILL
C
A08.01
EXISTING CONCRETE SLAB
CFC SHEET CLADDING TO PARAPET WA WALL TYPE L
5
EXISTING CONCRETE SLAB
BAL2
GL06
NEW METAL ROOF
NEW LIFT LANDING CO L
A10.01 b)Primary Structure (Horizontal and Vertcal) roof structure bolted using steel I-‐beams
6°
ED NK
E
150 100 300
D
600
3750
3915
NEW LIFT LANDING
NEW CONCR FLOOR
2
SECTION DETAIL FIRE CURTAIN DG.27
A06.06
1:5
2
2
EXISTING BRICKEXISTING WALL BRICK WALL
75MM STUD WALL
FIRE CURTAIN HEAD BOX
CONCEALED SIDE GUIDES 289
13MM PLASTERBOARD WALL 2 X 13MM 2HR FIRECHECK PLASTERBOARD CLADDING
13MM PLASTERBOARD CLADDING
OPENING FOR INSPECTION
2AFFL 2.400
FIRE CURTAIN 92
BULKHEAD
261
A09.12
MEETING LINE BETWEEN VINYL & TIMBER FLOOR
13MM CLADD
FIRE CURTAIN
Wall Structure Plan view PLAN of existing brick wall with timber stud wall, plaster board and fire DETAIL - FIRE curtain CURTAIN DG.27 1 A03.02 1:5 Section View SELECTED TIMBER FLOOR SELECTED VINYL FLOORING FIXED TO SLAB IN ACCORDANCE WITH MANUF SPEC
EXISTING CONCRETE TO ENGINEERS DETAILS
EXISTI
2 A06.06
SECTION DETAIL FIRE CURTAIN DG.27 1:5
2
A
A FINISH TIMBER FLOOR FINISH JOIN TO BE CENTRED UNDER DOOR
VINYL FINISH
ALUMINIUM ANGLE SURROUNDING ENTRANCE MATT
NEW CONCRETE SCREED
LINE OF WALL BEYOND
-0.300
150
SFL
11
13MM SELECT TIMBER FLOOR
OLD LFR GF
7MM ENTRANCE MATT 19MM YELLOW TONGUE PARTICLE BOARD ON EXISTING JOIST
3.175
19MM THK YELLOW TONGUE PARTICLEBOARD
NEW L
SFL
10MM INFILL HONED CONCRETE SLAB AND FOOTING TO STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS DETAILS EXISTING JOIST WITH PACKERS OVER TO MAKE LEVEL EXISTING JOISTS MADE GOOD EXISTING CONCRETE WALL TO REMAIN AS UPSTAND AS REQUIRED EXISTING SUBFLOOR EXISTING LEVEL 1 SLAB. ASSUMED DOWNSTAND SHOWN TO REMAIN. CONFIRM ON INSPECTION BRICKWORK, VENTS AND FOUNDATION TO REMAIN
STEEL ANGLE TO ENGINEER'S DETAIL
Floor Structures: Existing Concrete and Steel Structure STEEL BEAM CLEATED TO ANGLE FLOOR - DETAIL 5 6 A04.05 1 : 10 c)Secondary Structure (Horizontal and Vertical) Skirting section details. Aluminium skirting attached to plaster board by screws. Carpet tile affixed to slab. SKIRTING SECTION DETAILS 8
SECTION DETAIL
A04.02
FLOOR - DETAIL
A06.07
1:5
PLASTERBOAD LINING
100
100
SELECTED 100MM HIGH ALUMINIUM SKIRTING
SELECTED 7MM CARPET TILE FIXED TO SLAB
FLOOR SLAB TO ENGINEERS DETAILS
1:5
VINYL WALL CLADDING (SAME THICKNESS AS FLOOR VINYL) PLASTERBOARD SUBSTRATE COVING TO MANUF SPEC.
PROVIDE 'COVE FILLET' AT FLOOR - WALL TRANSITION
SELECTED VINYL FLOORING FIXED TO SLAB IN ACCORDANCE WITH MANUF SPEC
FLOOR SLAB TO ENGINEERS DETAILS
1:2
P2 PURLIN REFER TO STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS DRAWINGS
OLD LFR L1
LINE OF MS END PLATE TO NORTH END OF CANOPY BEYOND
ATED BEA RUCTUR M AL ENGINE ERS DRA WINGS
ALL FASCIA BEAMS TO HAVE MITRED JOINS WITH NO VISIBLE FIXINGS
P1 PURLIN. REFER STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS DRAWINGS STIFFENERS TO TOP PLATE TO FINISH BELOW LINE OF ZINC ROOF CLADDING
U'SIDE EX. L1
10 P2 PURLIN
VM ZINC PLUS FLASHING
B1 FABRICATED BEAM REFER STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS DRAWINGS
B4 EDGE BEAM BEYOND
LINE OF SUMP WITHIN C1 COLUMN BEYOND CONTINUOUS VENTILATION GAP
GS AWIN RS DR BEAM GINEE ATED URAL EN BRIC B5 FA R STRUCT REFE
P3 CANOPY SOFFIT PURLINS AT MAX. 600 CNRS.
3.700
MIN . 19mm MARINE GRADE STRUCTURAL PLY LAID TO 3° FALL WITH NON-ABRASIVE BUILDING PAPER OVER
250 x 150mm VM ZINC PLUS GUTTER to 1:80 FALL
MIN . 19mm MARINE GRADE STRUCTURAL PLY LAID TO 3° FALL WITH NON-ABRASIVE BUILDING PAPER OVER
SFL
Box Guttering Detail
19mm STRUCTURAL PLY LINING TO BOX GUTTER WITH NON-ABRASIVE BUILDING PAPER OVER.
VM ZINC PLUS DOUBLE LOCK STANDING SEAM ROOFING LAID TO 3° FALL (670mm WIDE PANELS)
GALVANISED STEEL STIFFENER
VM ZINC PLUS DOUBLE LOCK STANDING SEAM ROOFING LAID TO 3° FALL (670mm WIDE PANELS)
OVERFLOW THROUGH END BEAM BEYOND
SFL
B1 FABRICATED BEAMs REFER STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS DRAWINGS
3.400
CANOPY END BEAM CONSISTING OF RAKING UC WITH 1/2 OF TOP FLANGE REMOVED WITH FABRICATED NOM. 6mm UA WELDED TO TO FLANGE AND GROUND FLUSH WITH WEB INTERTHANE 870 POLYURETHANE FINISH. ALL WELDED JOINTS TO BE GROUND FLUSH NB HEIGHT OF FABRICATED UA VARIES 10mm MS PLATE OVERFLOW POP BEYOND
NEW LFR L1
SFL
3.175
P3 SOFFIT PURLINS REFER STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS DRAWINGS
VM ZINC PLUS INTERLOCKING PANELS (300mm WIDE PANELS WITH 5mm SHADOW JOINTS) TO CANOPY SOFFIT FIXED WITH CONCEALED INTERLOCKING CLIPS JOINTS TO ALIGN WITH STANDING SEAMS TO ROOF OVER
2 A10.06
PROVIDE MIN 50mm WIDE SUPPORT FOR CONCEALED SOFFIT FIXING CLIPS
C1 COLUMN BEYOND INTERTHANE 870 POLYURETHANE FINISH. REFER STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS DRAWINGS
BASE OF FASCIA BEAM BEYOND
CANOPY BOX GUTTER
NEW LFR GF CEILING
SFL
VM ZINC PLUS INTERLOCKING PANELS (300mm WIDE PANELS WITH 5mm SHADOW JOINTS) TO CANOPY SOFFIT FIXED WITH CONCEALED INTERLOCKING CLIPS JOINTS TO ALIGN WITH STANDING SEAMS TO ROOF OVER C1 COLUMN INTERTHANE 870 POLYURETHANE FINISH REFER STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS DRAWINGS
4 150
A10.04
100 PFC TO CANOPY SOFFIT TO ALIGN WITH C1 COLUMNS GENERALLY C1 COLUMN
2.900
1:5
CANOPY END BEAM 1:5
25mm KD HARDWOOD WITH ROUTED CENTRE SECTION TO SUIT LIGHT FITTING. STAIN FINISH TO TIMBER L.E.D LIGHTING TO WEST SIDE OF COLUMN TO ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS SPECIFICATIONS PROVIDE 2 NOM. 15mm Ø PENETRATIONS FOR WIRING
PITCH OF
NEW 3 DEGREE PITCH ROOF
EXISTING SHO SHADED GREY
EQ
Skylight Detail
2 A10.02
OLD LFR CEILIN
SKL
4
A10.01
NEW PARAPE WALL ABOVE NEW GLAZING
2650
EXISTING WINDOW 3. Identification Description and Location of Structural Materials: 2 A10.03 A04.03 a) Clay Pressed GL01 EXISTING Brick – (BR01) Page: 3.700 SFL OLD LFR L1 This clay pressed brick remains from the existing buildings, these 3.400 SFL U'SIDE EX.bricks L1 provide a load bearing capacity to dead and live loads at the groundfloor and mezzanine level. PBL1
RY
ON
970
EQ
STUDENT LOUNGE
CIRC
-0.300
SFL
OLD LFR GF
b) Timber Ceiling & Wall – (TB01) Page: A04.03 Timber Ceiling has been used in the Student Lounge, this would have likely through the use of timber framing in the ceiling structure.
1 : 50 been
OLD LFR
OLD LFR CEILIN
HATCHED ARE INDICATES EXTENT OF NE BRICK QUIONI FORMED TO MATCH BRICK QUIONING ABO (REUSE OF RECOVERED BRICKWORK)
OLD LFR
EXISTING OUT FLOOR & PAR TO BE RETAIN
Timber Flooring – (TB02) Page: A04.02
Timber Floorboards is seen in the MLSE building, These timberfloorboards are fixed to existing joists in the Student Loung Area
c) Galvanised Steel – (GAL) Page: A04:03
Galvanised steel would have been used in the roof structure of this area, as seen in the image below, there was galvanised steel beams that wouldve been bolted to the existing buildings in order for the roof to hold lateral and vertical forces.
d) Concrete Slab – (CON) Page: A06.07
As seen, a thin layer of NEW concrete slab has been applied ontop of the existing concrete slab.
4_Identify 3 Structural Joints (use tracing paper to sketch the construction drawings) a) b) c)
5_Identify and explain the use of different structural fixings (weld, concrete, bolt, screw, nail) Screw into an existing concrete slab within existing brickwork.
Steel columns have been welded to the beam and joists at each end.
The bolts in this instance are placed within the cleat plates and their function is to hold and stabilise the two steel beams together.
6. Sustainability and Environmental Analysis: a) Carbon Footprint: There are certain areas of this development where there is evidence that proves that the developers have taken into account the carbon footprint of this development, some of these instances include: •
•
•
Skylight – The skylight allows for natural light to illuminate this corridor by simply leaving an area in the ceiling which has not been plastered and is inbetween steel framing. Whilst the skylight does not fully light the whole area, it decreases the reliance on electric lighting Insulation – There has been insulation included in the walls and ceilings in order to minimise the dependence on heating that would require gas or electricity, as we can see below in a wall section ‘Insulation Blankets’ have been stuffed in berween the exterior walls and the plaster boards in order to maintain temperature at a desired level
There are areas in this development where the use of plasterboards have been spared, as you can see from the image below (taken from the site visit), rather than plaster boarding an area of existing bricks, the developers instead have just painted these clay pressed bricks white.
b) Embodied Energy: Embodied energy is the energy that is required to produce materials. It could be said that this development conserved embodied energy because rather than creating a stand-alone structure, this structure was built upon two existing buildings. The footings of this structure was also a pre-existing concrete slab with existing pier footing supports, this meant that no excavation had to occur and pouring of cement was not needed. However, using a steel frame as the roof structure has more embodied energy than using a timber frame roof structure, so environmental analysis was not favoured in this decision. c) Recyclability: Recylcability of pre-existing materials was obviously a decision that was prevalent in both primary and secondary materials. From a primary structure perspective, the existing concrete slab acts as a foundation for this section of the MLSE, also the load-bearing capacity of the MLSE and MLSU buildings allow for this corridor to stand. Recycled bricks have also been used for aesthetic purposes, rather than plastering and ‘covering up’ areas where secondary materials would normally exist. The developers have chosen to leave existing bricks out in the open.
7. Economical Implications of Decisions:
There are decisions that have been made in this development which have proved to have beneficial economic implications as well as negative implications in this development. A positive economic implication includes the use of a skylight, by designing this structure with a skylight, money will be saved through the use of natural light rather than having to light the building with electric lighting. Another example could be seen as using recycled materials as well as conserving uses of materials such as plasterboards (e.g. painting existing bricks white) A negative economic implication may relate to the aesthetics of this development. Whilst the glass walls are very appealing to look at, this was a decision that would’ve proven to be incredibly costly where the developers could have used a cheaper material for a wall. Another example includes steel framing for a ceiling structure, whilst it is much sturdier than a timber roof structure. This method is much more expensive. Â