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Sample Test Chapter 03 Test Bank 1. According to the research evidence, the most effective treatment for obsessivecompulsive disorder is: 2. medication. 1. cognitive behaviour therapy. 1. psychosurgery. 1. behavioural macros.
1. skills training. Blooms: Analysis Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 3.3 Describe the essential elements of contemporary treatment approaches to OCD. Topic: ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder (OCD) and Related Disorders 2. Which obsessivecompulsive disorder is reported to be associated with a substantial risk to health and safety? 3. excessive concern about the appearance 1. compulsive checking 1. hoarding 1. hand washing 1. obsessional thoughts Blooms: Analysis Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 3.4 Describe the nature and diagnostic criteria for hoarding disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, trichotillomania and excoriation
disorder. Topic: ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder (OCD) and Related Disorders 3. Obsessivecompulsive disorder has a prevalence rate of about: 4. 2–3 per cent. 1. 1 per cent. 1. 0.2 per cent. 1. 0.1 per cent. 1. 0.3 per cent Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 3.2 Describe the epidemiology and aetiological accounts of OCD. Topic: ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder (OCD) and Related Disorders 4. If John spends eight hours a day checking that electrical appliances in his house are switched off, he is: 5. showing poor insight into his behaviour.
1. being obsessive. 1. being overly cautious. 1. distracting himself from unwanted impulses. 1. being compulsive. Blooms: Application Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 3.1 Describe the nature and diagnostic criteria for obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD). Topic: ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder (OCD) and Related Disorders 5. In the DSM5, OCD is now grouped with related disorders. Which of the following is not a related disorder? 6. body dysmorphic disorder 1. hoarding disorder 1. generalised anxiety and worry disorder 1. trichotillomania
1. excoriation (skin picking) Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 3.1 Describe the nature and diagnostic criteria for obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD). Topic: ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder (OCD) and Related Disorders 6. Research supports the view that obsessional thoughts experienced by OCD sufferers are no different from those experienced by the general population. However, in OCD sufferers: 7. the obsessional thoughts are very negative. 1. the obsessional thoughts are very aggressive and/or sexual in nature. 1. the obsessional thoughts are awarded a special significance. 1. the obsessional thoughts arise ‘out of the blue’. 1. None of the options listed is correct. Blooms: Analysis Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 3.1 Describe the nature and diagnostic criteria for obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD). Topic: ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder (OCD) and Related Disorders
7. The main reason for the removal of OCD from the anxiety chapter in the DSM5 was: 8. to reflect that OCD, hair pulling, hoarding and skin picking are related in diagnosis and treatment. 1. to provide more space in the DSM for the diagnosis of hair pulling, hoarding and skin picking. 1. to reflect that OCD is not related to anxiety disorders. 1. to more accurately reflect the distinction between OCD and psychotic disorders. 1. None of the options listed is correct Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 3.1 Describe the nature and diagnostic criteria for obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD). Topic: ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder (OCD) and Related Disorders 8. According to the DSM5, the presence of OCD is diagnosed using which criteria? 9. Obsessions and compulsions that cause distress and interfere with social and occupational functioning.
1. Obsessions or compulsions that cause distress and interfere with social and occupational functioning. 1. Obsessions and/or compulsions that are not a product of the person’s own mind and that cause distress and interfere with social and occupational functioning. 1. Obsessions, compulsions, poor insight, history of a tic disorder and distress that interfere with social and occupational functioning. 1. Obsessions and/or compulsions that cause distress, are time consuming, interfere with social and occupational functioning and are not attributed to a substance, medical condition or other disorder. Blooms: Analysis Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 3.1 Describe the nature and diagnostic criteria for obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD). Topic: ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder (OCD) and Related Disorders 9. According to Australian research, what is a common element of obsession in individuals with OCD in the Australian population? 10.
Being contaminated by germs.
1. Fire, robbery or being assaulted.
1. Losing one’s mind. 1. Acting on an impulse such as stabbing a friend. 1. All of the listed options are correct. Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 3.1 Describe the nature and diagnostic criteria for obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD). Topic: ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder (OCD) and Related Disorders 10. There are two models that attempt to explain the aetiology of OCD—the neuropsychological model and the cognitive model. Which of the following is not recognised as a possible trigger of OCD? 11.
Misinterpretation of intrusive thoughts.
1. Differences in the caudate nucleus and the basal ganglia. 1. Failure to inhibit ‘behavioural macros’ triggered by internal or external stimuli. 1. Fearful, obsessive or intrusive thoughts that are ignored and left untreated.
1. Behavioural responses driven by the desire to reduce threat. Blooms: Analysis Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 3.2 Describe the epidemiology and aetiological accounts of OCD. Topic: ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder (OCD) and Related Disorders 11.
OCD is regarded as a particularly serious condition because:
12.
anyone can develop it.
1. treatment is not generally effective. 1. it is associated with early onset and lifetime prevalence. 1. it can lead to hoarding or hair pulling. 1. most people do not seek treatment. Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 3.2 Describe the epidemiology and aetiological accounts of OCD. Topic: ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder (OCD) and Related Disorders
12. Which of these is not a common task in cognitivebehavioural treatment of OCD? 13.
exposure
1. behavioural experiments 1. confronting patients with germs and disease 1. challenging irrational beliefs 1. psychoeducation Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 3.3 Describe the essential elements of contemporary treatment approaches to OCD. Topic: ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder (OCD) and Related Disorders 13. What percentage of OCD sufferers benefit from pharmacological therapy such as clomipramine? 14.
2–3 per cent
1. 40–60 per cent
1. 95 per cent 1. 10–20 per cent 1. 80–90 per cent Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 3.3 Describe the essential elements of contemporary treatment approaches to OCD. Topic: ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder (OCD) and Related Disorders 14. Diana is concerned about her physical appearance. She constantly thinks that her body is the wrong shape and size, despite having had cosmetic surgery. Diana is displaying signs of: 15.
anorexia nervosa.
1. generalised anxiety. 1. body dysmorphic disorder. 1. obsessions.
1. bulimia. Blooms: Application Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 3.4 Describe the nature and diagnostic criteria for hoarding disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, trichotillomania and excoriation disorder. Topic: ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder (OCD) and Related Disorders 15.
Trichotillomania is:
16.
obsession with what others are thinking.
1. recurrent pulling out of one’s own hair. 1. shoplifting. 1. repeated waxing or plucking of facial hair. 1. intrusive thoughts about death. Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 3.4 Describe the nature and diagnostic criteria for hoarding disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, trichotillomania and excoriation disorder. Topic: ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder (OCD) and Related Disorders
Chapter 03 Test Bank Summary Category Blooms: Analysis Blooms: Application Blooms: Comprehension Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Difficulty: Hard Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: 3.1 Describe the nature and diagnostic criteria for obsessivecompulsi Learning Objective: 3.2 Describe the epidemiology and aetiological accounts of OCD.
Learning Objective: 3.3 Describe the essential elements of contemporary treatment approa
Learning Objective: 3.4 Describe the nature and diagnostic criteria for hoarding disorder, b nia and excoriation disorder. Topic: ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder (OCD) and Related Disorders Chapter 05 Test Bank 1. The suicide rate in Australia has _______ since the late 1990s.
2. declined 1. increased 1. stayed the same 1. doubled 1. None of the given options is correct. Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 5.2 Understand the prevalence of depression in various groups and its associated features. Topic: Suicide 2. Unipolar depression is different from normal unhappiness in that: 3. it is precipitated by psychosocial stressors. 1. it is precipitated by negative life events. 1. the depressed mood is more intense and/or lasts longer.
1. it involves manic episodes. 1. it is accompanied by physical symptoms. Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 5.2 Understand the prevalence of depression in various groups and its associated features. Topic: Disorders Involving Alterations in Mood 3. Postnatal depression is a: 4. brief period of depression after childbirth, occurring in 70 per cent of women. 1. less common but serious disorder after childbirth. 1. mild longterm condition, involving low mood, which does not meet the criteria for depression. 1. type of depression that does not respond to medication. Blooms: Analysis Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 5.2 Understand the prevalence of depression in various groups and its associated features. Topic: Disorders Involving Alterations in Mood
4. After a first episode of depression, most people will: 5. seek professional treatment as soon as possible. 1. recover within one week. 1. make a suicide attempt. 1. never have another depressive episode (recovery). 1. have another depressive episode (relapse). Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 5.2 Understand the prevalence of depression in various groups and its associated features. Topic: Unipolar Depression/Depressive Disorders 5. A major depressive disorder is characterised by the following symptoms except: 6. grandiosity. 1. weight loss.
1. sleep disturbance. 1. psychomotor agitation or retardation. 1. excessive guilt feelings. Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 5.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria for depressive disorders. Topic: Unipolar Depression/Depressive Disorders 6. Which of the following is not a specifier to major depressive disorder? 7. elevated mood (mixed features) 1. onset of depression during season changes 1. onset due to grief 1. movement disturbances 1. inability to experience any positive feeling
Blooms: Analysis Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 5.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria for depressive disorders. Topic: Unipolar Depression/Depressive Disorders 7. Among adolescents in developed countries, depressive disorders: 8. are more common in boys than in girls. 1. are more common in girls than in boys. 1. are equally common in boys and girls. 1. are more common in urban than in rural young people. 1. have been decreasing in prevalence in the past 10–15 years. Blooms: Analysis Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 5.2 Understand the prevalence of depression in various groups and its associated features. Topic: Unipolar Depression/Depressive Disorders 8. The association between depression and physical/medical illness is not explained by: 9. better immune functioning in people with depression.
1. ongoing stressors of dealing with a medical illness. 1. physical/hormonal changes due to medical illness. 1. unhealthy lifestyle choices by people with depression. 1. increased rates of death following a cardiac event. Blooms: Analysis Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 5.2 Understand the prevalence of depression in various groups and its associated features. Topic: Unipolar Depression/Depressive Disorders 9. Which of the following does current research evidence not support as an effective treatment for depression? 10.
interpersonal psychotherapy
1. medication 1. cognitive behaviour therapy 1. bright light therapy
1. All of the given options are effective treatments for depression. Blooms: Analysis Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 5.4 Understand the effective treatments for depressive disorders and approaches to reducing relapse and preventing the onset of depression. Topic: Treatment of Depressive and Bipolar Disorders 10. Within six months following treatment, approximately what percentage of people with major depression will experience recovery? 11.
5 per cent
1. 15 per cent 1. 35 per cent 1. 50 per cent 1. 80 per cent Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 5.2 Understand the prevalence of depression in various
groups and its associated features. Topic: Unipolar Depression/Depressive Disorders 11. Neuroendocrine (hormonal) theories of depression suggest that one cause of depression may be: 12.
an underactive HPA axis producing too few stress hormones.
1. an overactive HPA axis producing too many stress hormones. 1. reduced availability of monoamine neurotransmitters. 1. structural or functional abnormalities of brain structures. 1. decreased availability of dopamine within the brain. Blooms: Analysis Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 5.3 Understand the current biological, psychological and social theories of the causes of major depressive disorder. Topic: Unipolar Depression/Depressive Disorders 12. Seligman’s learned helplessness theory suggests that depressive disorders may develop when individuals interpret negative life events as being due to: 13.
external events that they cannot control.
1. magnification and minimisation. 1. negative events in childhood. 1. high levels of expressed emotion. 1. internal, global and stable factors. Blooms: Analysis Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 5.3 Understand the current biological, psychological and social theories of the causes of major depressive disorder. Topic: Unipolar Depression/Depressive Disorders 13. Aaron Beck’s definition of the ‘negative cognitive triad’ does not include a negative view of the: 14.
past.
1. future. 1. self. 1. world.
1. None of the given options is correct. Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 5.3 Understand the current biological, psychological and social theories of the causes of major depressive disorder. Topic: Treatment of Depressive and Bipolar Disorders 14. Aaron Beck’s cognitive theory of depression suggests that in individuals with depression: 15.
dysfunctional negative cognitions result in depressive symptoms.
1. depressive symptoms lead to negative cognitions. 1. dysfunctional negative cognitions result in depressive symptoms and depressive symptoms lead to negative cognitions. 1. neither do dysfunctional negative cognitions result in depressive symptoms nor do depressive symptoms lead to negative cognitions. 1. depressive symptoms result in negative cognitions. Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 5.3 Understand the current biological, psychological and
social theories of the causes of major depressive disorder. Topic: Treatment of Depressive and Bipolar Disorders 15. A new specifier—major depressive disorder with anxious distress has been incorporated into the DSM5 for all of the following reasons except: 16.
the strong comorbidity between depression and anxiety problems.
1. the increased risk of suicide associated with mixed anxiety and depression. 1. the longer length of the depressive episode when depression is mixed with anxiety. 1. to enable clinicians to identify people at risk of a fullblown major depressive disorder or a significant anxiety disorder. 1. All of the given options are correct. Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 5.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria for depressive disorders. Topic: Unipolar Depression/Depressive Disorders 16. An Australian research team has argued for a subtyping model with three broad classes of depressive disorders: psychotic, melancholic
and nonmelancholic. Which of the following are theorised to be primarily biologically based? 17.
melancholic and nonmelancholic depression
1. psychotic and melancholic depression 1. psychotic and nonmelancholic depression 1. psychotic and nonpsychotic depression 1. melancholic, nonmelancholic and psychotic depression Blooms: Analysis Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 5.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria for depressive disorders. Topic: Unipolar Depression/Depressive Disorders 17. Behavioural theories of depression focus on the environmental conditions and contingencies and suggest that depression is maintained because of: 18.
negative beliefs about the self and others.
1. reduced opportunity for positive reinforcers.
1. reduced serotonin. 1. dysfunctional parent–child relationships. 1. None of the given options is correct. Blooms: Analysis Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 5.3 Understand the current biological, psychological and social theories of the causes of major depressive disorder. Topic: Unipolar Depression/Depressive Disorders 18. The family communication style known as high expressed emotion (EE) entails high levels of all of the following except: 19.
support.
1. criticism. 1. hostility. 1. overinvolvement. 1. All of the given options are correct.
Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 5.3 Understand the current biological, psychological and social theories of the causes of major depressive disorder. Topic: Unipolar Depression/Depressive Disorders 19. Which of the following are considered protective factors that reduce an individual’s chance of depression? 20.
good interpersonal skills and positive relationships with others
1. high levels of family cohesion 1. a temperament characterised by optimism and low anxiety 1. an openness to the possibility of exploring new experiences 1. All of the given options are correct. Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 5.3 Understand the current biological, psychological and social theories of the causes of major depressive disorder. Topic: Unipolar Depression/Depressive Disorders 20. A major depressive disorder with melancholy has all of the following features except:
21.
inability to experience pleasure.
1. earlymorning wakening. 1. excessive guilt. 1. weight loss. 1. catatonic symptoms. Blooms: Analysis Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 5.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria for depressive disorders. Topic: Unipolar Depression/Depressive Disorders 21. What percentage of people with a major depressive disorder also experience significant anxiety symptoms? 22.
5 per cent
1. 10 per cent 1. 25 per cent
1. 50 per cent 1. 70 per cent Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 5.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria for depressive disorders. Topic: Unipolar Depression/Depressive Disorders 22.
In the DSM5, dysthymic disorder has been renamed as:
23.
depressive personality disorder.
1. lowlevel chronic depressive disorder. 1. persistent depressive disorder. 1. mood dysregulation disorder. 1. endogenous depression. Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 5.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria for depressive
disorders. Topic: Unipolar Depression/Depressive Disorders 23. The shorter form of the 5HTTLPT gene sequence is associated with: 24.
greater efficiency in serotonin reuptake at brain synapses.
1. lower efficiency in serotonin reuptake at brain synapses. 1. greater efficiency in dopamine reuptake at brain synapses. 1. lower efficiency in dopamine reuptake at brain synapses. 1. None of the given options is correct. Blooms: Analysis Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 5.3 Understand the current biological, psychological and social theories of the causes of major depressive disorder. Topic: Unipolar Depression/Depressive Disorders 24. Risk factors associated with the development of a depressive disorder in young people include all of the following except: 25.
previous history of depression.
1. cigarette smoking. 1. history of abuse. 1. family conflict. 1. None of the options given is correct. Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 5.3 Understand the current biological, psychological and social theories of the causes of major depressive disorder. Topic: Unipolar Depression/Depressive Disorders 25. According to Aaron Beck, the negative cognitive triad is maintained by the following cognitive distortions, except: 26.
pessimism.
1. arbitrary inference. 1. magnification. 1. personalisation.
1. overgeneralisation. Blooms: Comprehension Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 5.4 Understand the effective treatments for depressive disorders and approaches to reducing relapse and preventing the onset of depression. Topic: Treatment of Depressive and Bipolar Disorders Chapter 05 Test Bank Summary Category Blooms: Analysis Blooms: Comprehension Blooms: Knowledge Difficulty: Easy Difficulty: Hard Difficulty: Medium Learning Objective: 5.1 Describe the diagnostic criteria for depressive disorders.
Learning Objective: 5.2 Understand the prevalence of depression in various groups and its
Learning Objective: 5.3 Understand the current biological, psychological and social theorie sorder.
Learning Objective: 5.4 Understand the effective treatments for depressive disorders and a
eventing the onset of depression. Topic: Disorders Involving Alterations in Mood Topic: Suicide Topic: Treatment of Depressive and Bipolar Disorders Topic: Unipolar Depression/Depressive Disorders