Climatic design fianl review bowen cui

CLIMATIC DESIGN on HIGH LATITUDE URBAN WATERFRONT

Bowen Cui

Superviser: Mari Bergset DIPLOMA REVIEW, Master of Landscape Architecture Tromsø, AHO

Tromsø 69°40′N

This diploma work is a climatic design project in the city center of Tromso, Norway. The main concern is the special subarctic climate.

The design is going to both improve the outdoor comfort and interact with nature and the climate. Explore strategies and languages for cold climate design.

SITE Prostneset Terminal

BOWEN CUI

CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

INTRODUCTION

Final Review 03.06.2016

CONCEPT

Background Objectives Strategies

Climatic Pockets

DESIGN PROPOSAL

SOLAR POCKET

WIND POCKET

Solar Analysis

Wind Analysis

Solar Collector

Wind Shelter

Snow Melting Installation Polar Shadow Installation Sundial/ Lamp

Shape of Wind Installation Sound of Wind Installation

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BOWEN CUI

CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

INTRODUCTION

Final Review 03.06.2016

CONCEPT

Background Objectives Strategies

Climatic Pockets

DESIGN PROPOSAL

SOLAR POCKET

WIND POCKET

Solar Analysis

Wind Analysis

Solar Collector

Wind Shelter

Snow Melting Installation Polar Shadow Installation Sundial/ Lamp

Shape of Wind Installation Sound of Wind Installation

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

B A C K G R O U N D

Final Review 03.06.2016

OBJECTIVES

" in a cold region, a given combination of wind speed and air temperature, or the obstruction of the sun in shaded areas, may discourage people from staying outdoors while the provision of sunny areas protected from the prevailing winds may encourage public activities in that outdoor space. Thus, minimizing outdoor discomfort may enhance the vitality of the location during periods of extreme temperatures.”

——Baruch Givoni

WINDY

SNOW RAIN

ST R AT EG I ES O u td o o r C o mfo r t S t rate g i e s

" It is a world of great contrasts, of the yearly rush from the cold, dark sterility of winter through a short and explosive spring to a few green months of life under the night-time sun. And so follows the swing back through rapidly shortening days of mist, rain and frost, to winter snow and ice."

-- Ralph Erskine 1967

COLD

BOWEN CUI

INTRODUCTION

The factors that improve the comfort sensations of people

IMPROVE THE OUTDOOR COMFORT of the waterfront open spaces.

Make the public space all year round

Objective Factors

PHYSICAL

Preserve solar access

ICY

Rain & Snow shelter

Warm colours

Soft surfaces

Light

Meeting spaces

Diverse Activities

Multiple functions

Increase air temperature

PCYCHOLOGICAL

Subjective Factors

DARK

Wind protection

SOCIAL/ BEHAVIORAL

SHADED

SITE PHOTO/ by Bowen

Wa t e r f r o n t S t r a t e g i e s

VOICES OF CHANGE IN TROMSØ

“Establish continuous promenade with experience points through the center with temporary measures for a short period. Removing cars, facilitating continuous time system + experiences and stay opportunities. People will then be able to get a sense of the potential inherent in a continuous promenade along the strait.”

——Sigrid Rasmussen(citizen) “Give the citizens access to the sea. Here one can sit and eat ice cream in hot summer and dip your toes in the water. ” ——Terese Simonsen(citizen)

Erling Bangsunds Plaza Erling Bangsunds Plaza

Domkirke Church Park

Car park Harbour facility Terminal Construction Site

Domkirke Church Park

Prostneset

shadow path spring(21mar) SITE PHOTO/ by Bowen

SITE PHOTO/ by Bowen

The waterfront is dominated by non-public functions(e.g. car parks, harbour facilities, construction site). People have no access to the seafront.

The view from the waterfromt is spectacular, but people have no place to stay and enjoy the view.

Embarrassingly, tourists have to stand on snow to take pictures.

Prostneset

Add new destinations along the waterfront Give places to STAY

Linking city and the waterfront From a deserted place to an active waterfront

GIVE PLACES TO STAY a l o n g t h e w a t e r f ro n t promenade to establish the edge as good recreational urban space for both locals and tourists

Points of interest

shadow path summer(21jun)

Solar access is rare in dense urban public spaces of Tromsø. Compared with other open spaces in the center, the prostneset waterfront has solar access almost all year round, which is very precious for public activities.

Design Elements

" The basic quality of being able to interact with the natural environment has often been neglected within modern urban planning and design. In many cases, parks and other recreational spaces with the capacity to support interaction with the natural environment and ‘forces of nature’ have been designed with priority for the formal and visual qualities alone, turning the landscape into a “dead event”.

——Corner

The subarctic is not entirely a cold and dark place. The extraordinary climate (northern lights, 64 days of mid-night sun, low solar angle, snow... ) make the landscape special and inspiring.

DEVELOP A DESIGN ENGAGING WITH NATURE which revealing the unique arctic climate and embracing the natural elements and their processes

WIND

Waves

SUN

SNOW

Northern Lights

FIRE

WATER

PLANTS

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

BOWEN CUI

B A C KG R O U N D 1

Final Review 03.06.2016

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CLIMATE 69°40′N, Tromsø NORTHERN LIGHTS POLAR NIGHT (55days)

SOLAR RADIATION (Low angle, 1265h/year)

WIND

SNOW/RAIN (160days/year)

MID-NIGHT SUN (64days)

WIND

" It is a world of great contrasts, of the yearly rush from the cold, dark sterility of winter through a short and explosive spring to a few green months of life under the night-time sun. And so follows the swing back through rapidly shortening days of mist, rain and frost, to winter snow and ice."

1. 350 kilometres north of the Arctic Circle 2. Subarctic climate 3. 8 months' snow cover 4. 2 months' summer 5. Mean annual temperature 2.5℃（1961-1990） 6. Polar Night from November 22 - January 15 7. Mid-night Sun from May 20 - July 22 8. In the middle of the Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights) zone

CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

BOWEN CUI

OBJECTIVE 1

Final Review 03.06.2016

COLD

WINDY

SNOW RAIN

DARK

ICY

SHADED

SITE PHOTO/ by Bowen

" in a cold region, a given combination of wind speed and air temperature, or the obstruction of the sun in shaded areas, may discourage people from staying outdoors while the provision of sunny areas protected from the prevailing winds may encourage public activities in that outdoor space. Thus, minimizing outdoor discomfort may enhance the vitality of the location during periods of extreme temperatures.”

——Baruch Givoni

IMPROVE THE OUTDOOR COMFORT of the pubilc spaces.

Make the public space all year round

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

BOWEN CUI

B A C KG R O U N D 2

Final Review 03.06.2016

VOICES OF CHANGE IN TROMSØ

“Establish continuous promenade with experience points through the center with temporary measures for a short period. Removing cars, facilitating continuous time system + experiences and stay opportunities. People will then be able to get a sense of the potential inherent in a continuous promenade along the strait.”

——Sigrid Rasmussen(citizen) “Give the citizens access to the sea. Here one can sit and eat ice cream in hot summer and dip your toes in the water. ” ——Terese Simonsen(citizen)

Erling Bangsunds Plaza Erling Bangsunds Plaza

Domkirke Church Park

Car park Harbour facility Terminal Construction Site

Domkirke Church Park

Prostneset

shadow path spring(21mar) SITE PHOTO/ by Bowen

The waterfront is occupied by parking lots and harbour facilities. People are blocked from the seafront.

Prostneset

shadow path summer(21jun)

SITE PHOTO/ by Bowen

The view from the waterfromt is spectacular, but people have no place to stay and enjoy the view.

Embarrassingly, tourists have to stand on snow to take pictures.

Solar access is precious in dense city center. Compared with other open spaces, the prostneset waterfront has solar access almost all year round, it would be a shame to waste this sunny place for parking.

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

OBJECTIVE 2

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

GIVE PLACES TO STAY along the waterfront promenade to establish the edge as good recreational urban space for both locals and tourists

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

B A C KG R O U N D 3

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

" The basic quality of being able to interact with the natural environment has often been neglected within modern urban planning and design. In many cases, parks and other recreational spaces with the capacity to support interaction with the natural environment and ‘forces of nature’ have been designed with priority for the formal and visual qualities alone, turning the landscape into a “dead event”.

——Corner

The subarctic is not entirely a cold and dark place. The extraordinary climate (northern lights, 64 days of mid-night sun, low solar angle, snow... ) make the landscape special and inspiring. The ‘forces of nature’ give a lot of potentials for the design.

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

OBJECTIVE 3

LOW SOLAR ANGLE

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

SNOW/RAIN

WIND

DEVELOP A DESIGN ENGAGING WITH NATURE which revealing the unique arctic climate and embracing the nature elements and their processes

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

BOWEN CUI

OBJECTIVES

Final Review 03.06.2016

OBJECTIVES

ST R AT EG I ES O u td o o r C o mfo r t S t rate g i e s The factors that improve the comfort sensations of people

IMPROVE THE OUTDOOR COMFORT of the waterfront open spaces.

Make the public space all year round

Objective Factors

PHYSICAL

Preserve solar access

Wind protection

Rain & Snow shelter

Warm colours

Soft surfaces

Light

Meeting spaces

Diverse Activities

Multiple functions

Increase air temperature

PCYCHOLOGICAL

Subjective Factors SOCIAL/ BEHAVIORAL

Wa t e r f r o n t S t r a t e g i e s

GIVE PLACES TO STAY along the waterfront promenade to establish the edge as good recreational urban space for both locals and tourists

Add new destinations along the waterfront Give places to STAY

Linking city and the waterfront From a deserted place to an active waterfront

Points of interest

Design Elements

DEVELOP A DESIGN ENGAGING WITH NATURE which revealing the unique arctic climate and embracing the natural elements and their processes

WIND

Waves

SUN

SNOW

Northern Lights

FIRE

WATER

PLANTS

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

BOWEN CUI

S T R AT E G Y 1

Final Review 03.06.2016

Outdoor Comfort Strategies The factors that improve the comfort sensations of people

Objective Factors

PHYSICAL

Preserve solar access

Wind protection

Rain & Snow shelter

Warm colours

Soft surfaces

Light

Meeting spaces

Diverse Activities

Multiple functions

Increase air temperature

PCYCHOLOGICAL

Subjective Factors SOCIAL/ BEHAVIORAL

How to improve the outdoor comfort? The use of outdoor space is determined not only by the “state of body” but also by the “state of mind". In addition to the physical factors, the psychological and social factors such as warm colors, lights, and activities should also be considered.

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

BOWEN CUI

S T R AT E G Y 2

Final Review 03.06.2016

Wa t e r f r o n t S t r a t e g i e s Add new destinations along the waterfront Give places to STAY

Linking city and the waterfront From a deserted place to an active waterfront

Points of interest

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

BOWEN CUI

S T R AT E G Y 3

Final Review 03.06.2016

Design Elements

WIND

Waves

SUN

SNOW

Northern Lights

FIRE

WATER

PLANTS

Embracing the natural elements (e.g. snow, wind) and their processes(e.g. solar path, snow melting) and exploring their aesthetic potential. Rediscover a ‘sense of place’ with climate being one of the primary sources of inspiration and build the identity of the arctic city.

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BOWEN CUI

CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

INTRODUCTION

Final Review 03.06.2016

CONCEPT

Background Objectives Strategies

Climatic Pockets

DESIGN PROPOSAL

SOLAR POCKET

WIND POCKET

Solar Analysis

Wind Analysis

Solar Collector

Wind Shelter

Snow Melting Installation Polar Shadow Installation Sundial/ Lamp

Shape of Wind Installation Sound of Wind Installation

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

BOWEN CUI

C L I M AT I C P O C K E T S

Final Review 03.06.2016

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LIBRARY Domkirke Church

HOTEL

Main Street

HOTEL HOTEL

Roald Amundsens Park

HOTEL

HOTEL

Erling Bangsunds Plaza

Access to water

HOTEL

Shaded, No wind

Prostneset Terminal

Hurtigruten Terminal/Speed Boat Terminal/Bus Terminal

PORT

HOTEL

Exposed to the wind

Tourist Information

Hurtigruten

Dark space

Exposed to the sun

PORT

WIND POCKET

PORT

PORT

SOLAR POCKET

LIGHT POCKET

FIRE POCKET

WATER POCKET

Depending on the different climatic situations, the five waterfront destinations are designed by different climatic strategies and given five themes. Each pocket has reference to the sub-arctic climate, which let people both protected from and experience the extraordinary climate.

CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

WIND POCKET Protect people from the prevailing wind to improve the outdoorcomfort.

L e t p e o p e experience the wind through sound, wave and m ov emen t o f textiles.

BOWEN CUI

C L I M AT I C P O C K E T S

Final Review 03.06.2016

SOLAR POCKET

LIGHT POCKET

FIRE POCKET

Harvest solar radiation to let plants grow, snow melt and make people feel warm.

Design light installations which revealing the chaging colors of the arctic sky and give spaces for recration during the dark period.

Use fire to warm and light up the space.

Revealing the unique arctic climate(low solar angle, 18° E time ..)

When northern lights appear, all the light installations would go off.

Improve the outdoor comfort and make the shaded space attractive in dark and cold climate.

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WATER POCKET Give the citizens access to the sea.

Here one can sit and enjoy the sun in hot summer and dip their toes in the water.

Kids can play in the tidal pools.

CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

WIND POCKET

Design Elements

BOWEN CUI

C L I M AT I C P O C K E T S

WIND

Waves

SOLAR POCKET

SUN

SNOW

FIRE

PLANTS

Final Review 03.06.2016

LIGHT POCKET

Northern Lights

FIRE POCKET

WATER POCKET

FIRE

WATER

PLANTS

SUN

Outdoor Comfort Strategies

S

P

R

I

N

G

(Apr 01-Jun 13) R A I N N Y

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S U N N Y

√√ √√

W I N D Y

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S U N N Y

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W I N D Y

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S U N N Y

S

U

M

M

E

R

(Jun 14-Sep 02) R A I N N Y S U N N Y

A

U

T

U

M

(Sep 03-Nov 15)

I

N

T

E

√√√

N

S N O W Y

W

√√

√ √

R

(Nov 16-Mar 31 ) S N O W Y

DARKNESS

√

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BOWEN CUI

CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

INTRODUCTION

Final Review 03.06.2016

CONCEPT

Background Objectives Strategies

Climatic Pockets

DESIGN PROPOSAL

SOLAR POCKET

WIND POCKET

Solar Analysis

Wind Analysis

Solar Collector

Wind Shelter

Snow Melting Installation Polar Shadow Installation Sundial/ Lamp

Shape of Wind Installation Sound of Wind Installation

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

BOWEN CUI

SOLAR POCKET

Final Review 03.06.2016

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Harvest solar radiation to let plants grow, snow melt and make people feel warm.

Revealing the unique arctic climate(low solar angle, 18° E local time ..)

Domkirke Church inal

Prostneset Term

Roald Amundsens Park

N

Tourist Information inal

t Term nese

Prost

Bus Terminal

Ice skating Rink

Sundial/ Lamp Hurtigruten

Snow melting Installation Solar Collectors Polar shadow Installation

Solar Collectors

Port For International Cruise Ships

CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

BOWEN CUI

SOLAR POCKET

Final Review 03.06.2016

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INSOLATION ANALYSIS

N

Shadow Path (The vernal equinox)

Shadow Path (The summer solstice)

Shadow Path (The autumnal equinox)

Shadow Path (The winter solstice)

PARK

PARKING LOT

TERMINAL BUILDING

Sun Path (All year)

In the design of the new terminal building, the spacegroup put parking lot at the seafront. But through the shading analysis, we find that this space is exposed to the sun almost all year round, while this space in black frame is shaded in spring and autumn, so it's better to move the parking lot to the shaded place and leave the sunny space for people.

Total Sunlight Hours (Avg. Daily)

Low solar angle of the arctic Tromsø

Radiation (Avg. Daily)

CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

SOLAR POCKET

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

SOLAR COLLECTOR Direct radiation + Diffuse radiation

INSPIRATION

Due to the low solar angle of the arctic winter, the vertical surface get a lot of energy from the sun.

The metal facade refelct the radiation to the ground making the snow melting.

SITE PHOTO/ by Bowen

The stone both reflect and harvest the solar radiation making the plants grow in early spring.

TROMSØ KOMMUNE & STEINSVIK ARKITEKTKONTOR AS

Vertical Surface get even more insolation than horizontal surface in September.

So the idea is to design solar collectors to harvest the verical insolation for both peope and plants.

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

SOLAR POCKET

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

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SOLAR COLLECTOR Direct radiation + Diffuse radiation

GENERATION

+ Vertical Reflector

+ Arc

converge solar radiantion

+ Movable

catch the moving sun/wind screen no permanent shaded area

+ South Facing

collect and reflect solar radiantion

converge solar radiantion

catch most of the sun

This diagram shows the generation of design, firstly add a vertical reflector to harvest the vertical insolation, then, make it an arc shape to gather the radiation to make people feel warmer in the days without good sunshine. And make the reflector movable to catch the sun all day long. It's also interesting for people to play with it and interact with the sun and wind. And for plants, just make the reflector south facing to catch most of the sun.

CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

BOWEN CUI

SOLAR POCKET

Final Review 03.06.2016

SOLAR COLLECTOR Direct radiation + Diffuse radiation

DESIGN

Vertical Reflectors

Ball Slide Benches

Drain Black ground to absorb solar energy

4000 mm

N

Deciduous Shrub

Drain the snow melt water to make it icefree

Evergreen Shrub

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

SOLAR POCKET

BOWEN CUI

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Final Review 03.06.2016

SOLAR COLLECTOR Direct radiation + Diffuse radiation

Summer Wind

N

Direct Radiation

Diffuse Radiation

This is how the solar collectors work on the site. People can also move and group them to make private spaces.

Winter Wind

CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

SOLAR POCKET

SOLAR COLLECTOR Direct radiation + Diffuse radiation

March 21 9:00

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

SOLAR POCKET

SOLAR COLLECTOR Direct radiation + Diffuse radiation

March 21 12:00

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

SOLAR POCKET

SOLAR COLLECTOR Direct radiation + Diffuse radiation

March 21 15:00 The movement of the reflector becomes a dialogue with the sun.

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

SOLAR POCKET

SOLAR COLLECTOR Direct radiation + Diffuse radiation

In cloudy winter days, use fire to warm the space for people to have outdoor parties.

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

BOWEN CUI

SOLAR POCKET

Final Review 03.06.2016

SNOW MELTING INSTALLATION

Part of the site is currently for snow storage.

The design is going to keep that function and make an installation which help to melt the snow by absorbed solar radiation, Which show people the process of snow melting during winter and spring.

FERSNEL LENS

SOLAR ABSORBER FERSNEL LENS

Pile of SNOW

Fresnel lenses are lighter than co nve nt i o n a l co nvex l e n s e s . T h ey can have the same focal length as a conventional lens so both can have the same magnification.

Surround the snow by black material absorbing solar rediation. Solar radiation can penetrate into the snow, thus melting may happen beneath the snow cover by heat absorbed by the black solar absorber.

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

BOWEN CUI

SOLAR POCKET

Final Review 03.06.2016

SNOW MELTING INSTALLATION

10M

FERSNEL LENS

freeze

Filtrator

SNOW melt

There are 8 months' snow cover in Tromso. It is a place for winter sports. Activities can help to improve the outdoor comfort by keeping the body warm while changing the perceptions of urban space. The design is to filtrate the melted snow and create an ice skating rink. Finally the water is piped into sea.

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

SOLAR POCKET

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

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SNOW MELTING INSTALLATION

10M

FERSNEL LENS

RADIATION ABSORBER

≈32m³ Snow

STRAINER

SKATING RINK

SHELTER

DRAINS

≈17m³ Ice The volume of pile of snow on the site is about 32m³ while the ice rink needs about 17m³. So there is enough snow for the rink. The extra water is piped into the sea.

CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

SOLAR POCKET

SNOW MELTING INSTALLATION

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

SOLAR POCKET

SNOW MELTING INSTALLATION

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

SOLAR POCKET

SNOW MELTING INSTALLATION

Late spring/ summer (snow melted) night scenario, with light and fountain

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

BOWEN CUI

SOLAR POCKET

Final Review 03.06.2016

POLAR SHADOW INSTALLATION Due to the low solar angle of subarctic, the shadows are very long in Tromsø. The installation is going to reveal this climate feature by showing people the special shadow patterns of the micro-landform.

Sun Path (All year)

Shadow Pattern of March 21

8:00

12:00

14:00

WINTER

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

SOLAR POCKET

POLAR SHADOW INSTALLATION

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

SOLAR POCKET

SUNDIAL/

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

LAMP

The sundial tells the time of day by the apparent position of the Sun in the sky. This sundial shows the 18° E local time. Moreover it would become a lamp at night and during dark period.

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BOWEN CUI

CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

INTRODUCTION

Final Review 03.06.2016

CONCEPT

Background Objectives Strategies

Climatic Pockets

DESIGN PROPOSAL

SOLAR POCKET

WIND POCKET

Solar Analysis

Wind Analysis

Solar Collector

Wind Shelter

Snow Melting Installation Polar Shadow Installation Sundial/ Lamp

Shape of Wind Installation Sound of Wind Installation

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

WIND

BOWEN CUI

POCKET

Final Review 03.06.2016

Design a wind shelter to protect people from the winter wind to improve the outdoorcomfort.

Let peope experience the wind through sound, wave and movement of textiles.

l t Termina Prostnese fe a t&C Restauran

Hurtiguten Tourists

Prevailing Wind Direction

Outdoor Cafe

Wind Socks Wind Shelter

Hotels Restaurants Shopping mall

Wind Flute

Wave Terrace

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

WIND

BOWEN CUI

POCKET

Final Review 03.06.2016

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W I N D A N A LY S I S

Wind Rose Tromsø

The Prevailing WINTER wind is SSW

Januar

Februar

Oktobe r

November

Mai

Juni

The Prevailing SUMMER wind is NNE

Wind Rate (Winter)

Mars

Desember

Juli

April

September

August

TROMSØ KOMMUNE & STEINSVIK ARKITEKTKONTOR AS

Wind Flow (Winter)

Wind Rate (Summer)

Wind Flow (Summer)

By analyzing the wind roses of tromso, the prevailing winter wind is from south west while the prevailing summer wind is from north east. Then the CFD analysis of the site shows that there is strong south west wind on the site in winter, while in summer, the site is protected from wind. So the windbreak only needs to block the winter wind.

CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

WIND

W I N D

POCKET

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

S H E LT E R

EXPERIENCED TEMPERATURE Tromsø winter Average temp.

Wind force in Beaufort

Air temperature Meters/second

Light breeze Breeze Mod. breeze Fresh breeze Strong breeze TROMSØ KOMMUNE & STEINSVIK ARKITEKTKONTOR AS

The average temprature of winter Tromsø is between -5 to -10 degree. And the speed of prevailing winter wind is from 3 to 10 meters per second. From this table we can see, if people exposed to the wind, the experienced temprature could drop to -9 or even -20 degree. So, protecting people from wind is very important for outdoor comfort in winter Tromsø.

AERODYNAMIC POROSITY The aerodynamic porosity of the windbreak determines the ratio between airflow that passes through the barrier pores (‘‘through-flow’’) and airflow that diverges over the barrier (‘‘diverged-flow’’) (Vigiak, Sterk, Warren, and Hagen, 2003). The closed screen will cause strong turbulence, and make snow accumulate behind the break. So it needs 15% to 30% porosity to make the windbreak effective. www.saskatchewan.ca

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

WIND

W I N D

POCKET

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Final Review 03.06.2016

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S H E LT E R

Rounding of corners ďź‹ Porosity The right angles may also cause turbulence, so the shape of the break is designed as streamline.

The wind shelter protect people from the winter prevailing wind (SSW). Also provide space for outdoor cafe.

CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

WIND

W I N D

POCKET

S H E LT E R

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

WIND

POCKET

SHAPE OF WIND INSPIRATION

Inspired by the windsock, this design let people experience the wind through the movement of textiles.

People can "see" the wind and know the wind directions at different points of the space.

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

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CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

WIND

POCKET

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

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SOUND OF WIND INSPIRATION

This installation is aiming to let people 'hear' the wind. These pipes are wind flutes which has the same principle as pan flute. The gradually increasing lengths give different pich. Togather with the sound of waves, it becomes a wind symphony.

CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

WIND

POCKET

BOWEN CUI

Final Review 03.06.2016

49

CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

BOWEN CUI

C L I M AT I C P O C K E T S

Final Review 03.06.2016

LIBRARY Domkirke Church

HOTEL

Main Street

HOTEL HOTEL

Roald Amundsens Park

HOTEL

HOTEL

Erling Bangsunds Plaza

Access to water

HOTEL

Shaded, No wind

Prostneset Terminal

Hurtigruten Terminal/Speed Boat Terminal/Bus Terminal

PORT

HOTEL

Exposed to the wind

Tourist Information

Hurtigruten

Dark space

Exposed to the sun

PORT

WIND POCKET

PORT

PORT

SOLAR POCKET

LIGHT POCKET

FIRE POCKET

WATER POCKET

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BOWEN CUI

CLIMATIC DESIGN on sub-arctic urban waterfront

Final Review 03.06.2016

MANY THANKS to

Mari Bergset superviser

Mook Reinhard Helmut Gottfrid climate scientist professor emeritus, uit

Else Karlstrøm Minde Henriette Jordheim Ronald van Schaik landscape architects tromsø municipality

Bowen Cui DIPLOMA REVIEW, Master of Landscape Architecture Tromsø, AHO

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