ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION (ARC60703) PROJECT 1: : PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF HERITAGE BUILDING
PEJABAT AGAMA ISLAM,KLANG,SELANGOR (KLANG ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS OFFICE)
Architecture Conservation
Acknowledgement Throughout this assignment, we have a deeper understanding about the historical and social background of Klang ,one of the oldest towns in Selangor. Most importantly ,by understanding the historical background of the context where Pejabat Agama Islam situated enrich the We would like to express our utmost gratitude to the lecturers, Pn Nor Hayati Hussain for being so committed to educate and guide us through the process. We would like to thanks PADAT for giving us the opportunity to carry out our project at the old building of Pejabat Agama Islam Daerah Klang (PAID) by granting us access to the building throughout our project. We would also like to thank Encik Hisham from PADAT for being cooperative with us and giving usas much information as possible about the building.Besides,we would like to thanks Encik Saiful from Pajlis Perbandaran Klang for allowing us to having an interview session,and also provide us informative brochure. This report and drawings are also made possible with the undying support, dedication and cooperation from every single member of the team.
Architecture Conservation
Architectural Drawing Team Members Chan Jasmine 0308513 Elaine Bong 0310432 Hiew Yen Nee 0314212 Tan Wen Yee 0315155 Ang Yik Chiu 0303443 Leong Carmen 0314953 Jocelyn Tay 0317445 Report Team Members Cheah Ee Von Chiang Kah Wai Choo Ailin Gennieve Lee Kee Zhong Jian Linda Rezal Adrian Sean Hiu Ji Ren Tan Cheng Chuan Tan Heng Yee William Yap Sabrina Yong Seh Li
0308719 0311397 0317253 0311622 0309584 0316925 0310427 0309874 1006A79433 0314941 0314127 0314345
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Introduction Located at a land once rich with tin minerals, pejabat agama Islam Klang has undergone several ownership throughout its more than 100 years of heritage. Originally built as a palace for the sultan of Selangor at the time, it has been a Japanese soldiers’ quarters, Klang municipal building and Klang Islamic religious office until abandoned recently. Since abandonment, the building was left in poor conditions where window grills were stolen, walls were eroded with moss growing all over. Conservation efforts done in other buildings are being referred to in order to restore this historical building. Thus, this report will investigate the origins of the wealthy mining land, the changes pejabat agama Islam Klang went through and several case studies were referred to compare its conservation works with. These case studies include The Royal Gallery, Gedung Raja Abdullah and Istana Bandar Jugra.
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Contents
Pages
1.0 Historical Background 1.1 Selangor 1.2 Klang 1.2.1 Origin of the name 1.2.2 Early History of Klang 1.2.3 Klang Civil War (Perang Saudara) (1867-1873) 1.2.4 British Colonial Era (1873 – 1941) 1.2.5 Economic Development of Selangor (1874-1957) 1.2.6 Japanese Occupation (1941-1945)
5-11
2.0 Old Pejabat Agama Islam 2.1 Site Context 2.2 Ownership 2.3 Timeline of Building 2.2.1 Palace for Sultan Sir Allaeddin Sulaiman (1912-1941) 2.2.2 JUNTAI during Japanese Occupation (1941- 1945) 2.2.3 JAIS office (1946-1976) 2.2.4 Klang Islamic Religious Office (1977-2012 )
12-18
3.0 Space Configuration and Functions 4.0 Case Study 4.1 Casse Study 1 : The Royal Gallery 4.2 Case Study 2 : Gedung Raja Abdullah 4.3 Case Study 3 : Istana Bandar Jugra
19-21 22-30
5.0 Conclusion
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6.0 Reference
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1.0 Historical Background 1.1 Selangor Selangor is one of the 14 states in Malaysia. It is located in the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia.(Figure 1.1a) The history of Selangor started in the 16th Century when tin was found in the region. The natural wealth of the region attracted miners, and immigrants to come. One of the most significant immigrants were the Bugis.As they were good traders and warriors, they soon rose to become very prominent in Selangor. In 1766, one of the descendent, Raja Lumu established Kuala Selangor and became the first Sultan of Selangor. Selangor has two capitals which is Shah Alam ( the state capital city) and Klang ( the royal capital city ). This state covers an area of 796,084 hectares and consist of nine districts which are Hulu Langat, Gombak, Hulu Selangor, Kuala Langat, Kuala Selangor, Petaling, Sabak Bernam, Sepang and lastly, Klang. Presently, Selangor is the most dense state in Malaysia with the highest population.
Figure 1.1a Indication of Selangor in Peninsular Malaysia
Figure 1.1b Distribution of zoning and district of Old Klang
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1.2 Klang 1.2.1 Origin of name The name Klang is said to have originated from the MonKhmer word”Klong”. “Klong”, may be defined as a warehouse, storage place for goods, a canal or waterway. This was because when Klang became an important port, there would certainly be warehouse in the surrounding areas for the traders convenience while waterways were the rivulets which flowed into the Klang River for the ease of transportation of tin ore which was produced from the hinterlands. Figure 1.2.1b: Old Klang Map in 1901
1.2.2 Early History During the era of the Malay Sultanate of Melaka , Klang was part of its territory. It was ruled by Tun Perak, who was later called upon to serve in Melaka and who preceeded to become a famous bendahara. The eminent skills of Tun Perak also made Klang known and famous. The Klang River was the pulse of the development and expansion of Klang and its surrounding areas at that time. Figure 1.2.2a : Old photo of Klang during 1870
Architecture Conservation
Figure 1.2.1c :Illustration of Gedung Raja Abdullah in the earlier time as a warehouse
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1.2.3 Klang Civil War (Perang Saudara) 18671873 The period 1867-1873 in the history of the state of Selangor was dominated by events often known as the Klang War. This series of events that occurred in the Klang River Valley was a result of the web of local politics and economic interests of certain parties. It started with the struggle between two Selangor Malay dignitaries Raja Abdullah and Raja Mahadi to own and control the tin-rich Klang River Valley. Due to the great influence of Raja Mahadi in Klang , Raja Abdullah as a� Orang Besar of Klang “ who assigned by Sultan Muhamad (1826-1857) forced to retreat to Melaka where he later died. After the death of Raja Abdullan, the demise was replaced by the presence of Yap Ah Loy ,head of the Fei Chew clan from the Hai San Society who was assisted by the son of Sultan ,Tengku Kudin. Yap Ah Loy is an influenced Chinese capitan in Kuala Lumpur. Raja Mahadi on the other hand ,was assisted by Syed Manshor and the Kah Yang Chew clan from the Ghee Hin society from Kanching.
Figure 1.2.3a Illustration showing the war between two Selangor dignitaries to take and control Klang River Valley from 1867 to 1873
By looking at the cooperation between Chinese society and Malay dignities, even though there are two different group of people , it also build up a set of positive competition mechanism order which contribute to the development of economy in Straits Settlement. Selangor was then one of the main tin producing states in the world Civil War end when British indirectly sided with Tengku Kudin in the war and defeat Raja Mahadi, thus ending the Klang Civil War. Figure 1.2.3b Fort of Raja Mahadi as a defensive barricade against Raja Abdullah. Now, the fort next to the present Klang Municipal Concil Hall serves as an impressive landmark of the state.
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1.2.4 British Colonial Era (1873 – 1941) The disputes among the Malay dignitaries over power and the rich natural resources gave British the opportunity to strengthen their position in Selangor.In addition, piracy occurred in the waters around the state of Selangor. This situation led Sir Frank Swettenham to persuade Sultan Sir Abdul Samad (1857-1898) to place the state under British rule. The British vowed to restore peace and finally in December 1874 ,Tames Guthrie Davidson was appointed as the first British resident in Selangor, while Sir Frank Swettenham was made assistant resident in Kuala Lumpur. The intervention of British in politic and economic ,have limit the power possessed by Sultan even though the positions of the Malay dignitaries remained. The sultan had authority only in matters relating to Malay customs and Islam.
Figure 1.2.4a ,Group photo of British governer with Sultan Sir Alaeddin Suleiman Shah (1898-1938)
After 1874, the British soon opted for Klang over Jugra as the centre of their administration ,and this remained until 1880 when they moved it to the mining centre of Kuala Lumpur.
Figure 1.2.4b :Sir Fank Swettenham (right) and Sultan Suleiman of Selangor (left) ,1936
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1.2.5 Economic Development of Selangor (Klang) (1874-1957) In general , the economy of the state of Selangor from 1874 to 1957 grew rapidly, spurred by the tin mining sector and commercial crops such as rubber and oil palm. Despite the moving of administration centre to Kuala Lumpur ,Klang did not lose its greatness, and remained renown with the construction of Port Klang ( formerly known as Port Swettenham) in 1901, which made the royal town the chief outlet for Selangor’s tin. In addition ,its position was enhanced in 1886 by the completion of Klang Valley Railway (to Bukit Kuda). In the 1890s, the town’s growth was further stimulated by the State becoming a leading producer of coffee and rubber. During this time ,the British administration was deemed to have brought about development by having a positive impact on Selangor in general progress and facilities which only enjoyed by parties directly involved in tin mining and commercial crops.
Figure 1.2.5a New technology bring in for processing rubber
Figure 1.2.5b Tin mining area in Klang
Figure 1.2.5c Port Swettenham in 1901
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1.2.6 Japanese Occupation (1941-1945) The Japanese occupation of Malaya ,especially in Selangor is yet another historical milestone in local politics as marked by the various challenges faced by the local leaders of Malay, Chinese or Indian origin. The general policy of Japan administration was to make Malaya its territory.Japan hoped that by expanding its territory,it would be able to exploit the local economy to fulfil its needs and assist in the war against the Allies. Klang was rich in natural resources such as tin which was greatly needed by Japan for economic development. During that period ,people lived in hardship.The cruelty commited by the Japanese was greatly feared. The economy of Selangor declined owing to the economic sanctions
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Figure 1.2.6a : Japanese soldier
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2.0 Old Pejabat Agama Islam, Klang 2.1 Site Context
Figure 2.1a Klang map in 2015 Pejabat Agama Islam which used to be the resting palace of Sultan Sir Allaeddin Sulaiman Shah located along Jlan Dato Hamzah ( Sultan Street in 1930) .Adjacent to Jln Dato Hamzah is Jln Besar which used to call Istana Street,along the street is where th curent Royal Gallery of Klang located which used to be Municipal of Klang and Administrative Office during British and Japan Colonisation period..Jalan Besar is one of the street that connect to Jalan Raya Timur,which used to be the main street of Klang during 1930 .This is due to the Klang Valley KTM station which situated along the street. The trains at that time were mainly used to transport goods. This enables the businessman at Rembau Street and Jalan Raya Timur to trade easily. Therefore, the area around these streets was prosperous in the early 20th century.
Figure 2.1 b Old Klang Map in 1930 with indication of Old Pejabat Agama Islam which was still functioned as a palace for Sultan Suleiman .
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2.2 Ownership The Old Pejabat Agama Islam was used for different functions by handing it from one owner to another since 1912. Despite the changing of functions or owners ,the building itself have survived through the British colonization period from 1874–1946 and the Japanese occupation from 1941-1945 ,until today. Over the 103 years , the building itself have witnessed the changes or the development of Klang. Below is the brief timeline of the building ownership and function of this building since 1912.
Brief Timeline of Building Ownership 1912
Building was built as a resting palace for Sultan Allaeddin Sulaiman Shah
1938
Sultan Sir Allaeddin Sulaiman passed away
1941
Japanese invaded Malaysia andtook over this building to be used as a headquarter
1945
Japanese defeated. The building was used as lodging house
1949
Building was used as the Klang Institution Municipal office
1965
A meeting was convened to handover the building to JAIS
1977
JAIS moved to Sultan Sulaiman Building. PAID took over the building
1992
PAID shared building with the Lower Syariah Court
2001
The building was refurbished
2004
PAID occupied the building fully
2012
PAID moved to a new building.PADAT took over the building to conserve its historical values
2015
The building is underused and undermaintenance
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Figure 2.2 Current Building Outlook
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2.2 Timeline of Building 2.2.1 Palace for Sultan Sir Allaeddin Sulaiman (1912-1938) In 1912, this old PAID building was originally built as a palace for the sultan of Selangor at the time, DYMM Sultan Sir Allaeddin Sulaiman Shah. In the same year, Sultan Sulaiman was knighted the Order of St Michael and St George (GCMG) by the United Kingdom with the title Sir.
Figure 2.2.1a : “Istana Singgah” of Sultan Sir Allaeddin Sulaiman in 1912
It was not the official palace but was known as “Istana Singgah” for the sultan. The sultan would stay in this palace as his office and be his resting place when he came over for government affairs as this palace is very near to the British Administration Office which is now functioned as the Royal Gallery. The palace was also used for royal functions such as installation ceremonies, royal weddings, awarding of state titles by the Sultan, receptions of guests or dignitaries and other functions.
Figure 2.2.1b :Istana Mahkota is the official palace where Sultan Sulaiman live in completed in 1903
The official palace at that time was the Istana Mahkota which was also located in Klang .Sultan Sulaiman live in the palace for 35 years until his death in 1938. In 1950 , this palace was demolished.
Figure 2.2.1c 1:25 scaled model of Istana Mahkota in Museum Shah Alam
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Sultan Sir Allaeddin Sulaiman 1896-1938 Sultan Sir Allaeddin Sulaiman Shah was the fifth sultan of Selangor. Before he was crowned as Sultan, he was known as Raja Sulaiman. He was from the Bugis family, originated from Selawasi. His majesty had ruled Selangor since 1898 until he passed away on the 31st March 1938, replacing his grandfather who passed away in 1898 after 41 years of ruling Selangor. In 1912, he was knighted the Order of St Micheal and St George by the United Kingdom with the title Sir. He was succeeded by Sultan Sir Hisamuddin Alam Shah Alhaj. Sultan Sulaiman was faithful to his religion, Islam and was closed to the ulama. Ulama is defined as a body of Muslim scholars who are recognized as having specialist knowledge of Islamic sacred law and theology. His Majesty would ask for opinions from the ulama regarding matters of administration and spreading of Islam in the country. He would also bring along ulama whenever he had to run errands abroad.
Figure 2.2.1b Portrait of Sultan Sulaiman
Sultan Sulaiman was concerned about the development of Islam in Selangor. Therefore, several mosques were built in the state and one of them was named after him, which is the Sultan Suleiman Mosque. This mosque with its unique and attractive style of construction was built in 1932. The mosque was made the Klang Royal Mosque following the completion of the new state mosque in Shah Alam.
Figure 2.2.1c The Sultan Suleiman Mosque built in 1932
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2.2.2 JUNTAI during Japanese Occupation (1941- 1945) During the World War 2, the Japanese invade Malaya on 18th December 1941 from Kota Bahru, Within 1 and a half months, the whole of Malaya were fallen into the hands of the Japanese. The Japanese was in great power. They took over the building and used it as the quarters for the soldiers in order to facilitate the war. The building was known as JUNTAI which is the Japanese Armed Force Headquater in Klang. Not only was this building handed over but the buildings around the area as well. The Standard Chartered Bank building next to JUNTAI was used as an interrogation and execution centre for the prisoners of war. Figure 2.2.2a Invasion of Japanese in Malaya
After the Japanese were defeated, the building was reused as a lodging house until 1945. A lodging house is a house that have fully furnished rooms that are rented out to people to stay temporarily.
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2.2.3 Klang Municipal Institution Office (1949-1964) and JAIS office (1965 1976) In 1949, the building was then repurposed and became the Klang Municipal Institution Office (Pejabat Lembaga Bandaran Klang). It was used as an operation centre until 1964. A meeting was convened to handover the building to Jabatan Agama Islam Negeri Selangor (JAIS) in 1965. JAIS was formed by Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Alhaj after the World War 2. Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Alhaj is the eldest son of Sultan Sulaiman and Puan Hamsah. He wasn’t expected to rule as he had two elder brothers. However, during the Japanese occupation, His Majesty Stepped down and his eldest stepbrother, Sultan Musa Ghiatuddin Riayat Shah was chosen to rule Selangor. When the Japanese were defeated and the British took over again, he was then again appointed to be Sultan of Selangor.
Architecture Conservation
Figure :First JAIS office building in 1965
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The main reason he formed JAIS was because moral of the people started to weaken and there were many wrong doings after the World War 2 as the result of the Japanese and communist influence. He commanded to the ministry of Selangor to establish JAIS. On 1October 1945 ,JAIS was formed and the first office was located in this building of Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Alhaj which he used as an office near Istana Mahkota,Klang. This organization was funded by the king himself. This organization aid to stop the spreading and communism in Selangor and also in Malaya. It also fixed the morality and believes of the Malays that were influenced by the Japanese at that time. Due to the effort of Sultan Hisamuddin, Undang-undang Tubuh of Selangor has revised at 1947 which the law include the establishment of Jabatan Hal-Ehwal Agama Islam dan Adat Istiadat Melayu .Since then, JAIS officially established and the office was relocated to the Old Kelab Diraja Selangor in 1948. In 1965, Selangor government move away the Klang Municipal Institution Office and relocate JAIS to this building.
Architecture Conservation
Figure 2.2.3d Portrait of Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Alhaj
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2.2.4 Pejabat Agama Islam Klang (1977-2012 ) The building was occupied by JAIS until the state government relocate them again to Bangunan Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah di Shah Alam in 1977, allowing the building to be used as the Klang Islamic Religious Office also known as Pejabat Agama Islam Daerah Klang (PAID). In 1992 the building was shared with the lower syariah court where PAID occupied the ground floor while the Lower Syariah Court occupied the first floor. Subsequently, the court moved out in 2004 and PAID occupied the whole building.
Figure 2.2.4a Pejabat Agama Islam in 2000
PAID functions just the same as JAIS. JAIS acted as the main headquarter for the whole of Selangor while PAID was the office that was situated in Klang. This was so that it is more convenient for the Muslim in Klang. The building was refurbished in 2001. It remained as the Klang Islamic Religious Office until it was evacuated and handed over to the PADAT on the 6th July 2012. As of now (1st February 2015) it is in the process to be renovated and maintained as a historical and cultural building. The building was officially renamed as Bangunan Lama Pejabat Agama Islam Daerah Klang.
Figure 2.2.3 a
Figure 2.2.4b Pejabat Agama Islam in 2014
Figure 2.2.3b
Figure 2.2.3 c
Figure 2.2.3 a/b/c : Pictures obtained from PAID office
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3.0 Space Configuration Pejabat Agama Daerah Klang
Palace of Sultan Sir Allaeddin Sulaiman 1912 - 1941
1965 - 2012
PORCH
WAITING AREA COUNTER AREA
DOCUMENT ROOM
LOBBY
WAITING ROOM
DEPARTMENT OFFICE
THRONE ROOM
STORE ROOM
ELECTRICAL ROOM PORCH
RESTING AREA MEETING ROOM
MEETING ROOM
PANTRY
DOCUMENT ROOM
CORRIDOR COUSELLING ROOM
Figure 3.0.a: Ground Floor Plan of the Palace.
Figure 3.0.b: Ground Floor Plan of the Office .
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Pejabat Agama Daerah Klang
Palace of Sultan Sir Allaeddin Sulaiman 1912 - 1941
1965 - 2012
KADI ROOM COUSELLING ROOM STORE KING’S OFFICE
COUTER & WAITING AREA DOCUMENT ROOM
KING’S BEDROOM
OFFICES TOILET PRAYER ROOM
TOILET WAITING AREA
MEETING ROOM
Figure 3.0.c: First Floor Plan of the Palace.
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Pejabat Agama Daerah Klang
Palace of Sultan Sir Allaeddin Sulaiman 1912 - 1941
1965 - 2012
New Awning
Removed Balustrade
New Room added on top of porch Architecture Conservation
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CASE STUDY 1 THE ROYAL GALLERY Location Conservation Agency
: Klang : Selangor State Muzeum Perbadanan Adat Melayu
& Warisan Negeri Selangor Conservation Period Cost Previous Usage
Current Usage
: : RM 3,00000 : British Administration Centre Japan Government Office Klang State Office Royal Malaysian Police Contigent : Royal Gallery
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Introduction The Royal Gallery Sultan Abdul Aziz is now a museum houses magnificent artifacts, gifts and personal collection of the late Sultan.
Architecture The Royal Gallery is located in the Sultan Suleiman Building, which was beautifully designed by a well-known architect back then, Arthur B. Huback in the year 1909 during the British colonization. He worked alongside Public Works Department of the Federated Malay States on designing the Sultan Suleiman Building . The building was designed by Arthur B. Hubback with the design concept of a hybrid Neoclassical and British Colonial architecture. The exterior and interior design approach was mostly based on Roman architecture. One of the visible Roman characteristics was the use of columns throughout the building. The windows and doors are the typical British Colonial styles. Upon further research, it can be seen that Sultan Abdul Aziz’s great grandfather, Sultan Alauddin Shah’s Palace in Banting had a similar concept resembling the western architectural style
Function of Building During British Colonisation , it was used as a British Administration Centre.After World War 2, the building was passed on over to the Klang Office which dealt mostly with land matters of the area. From 1973 onwards, it was known to be the Royal Malaysian Police Contingent. The Klang Municipal Council then made it their office to serve the Klang residents . Few years later, Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah decided to house the Royal Gallery to commemorate his father’s legacy Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah, and hence the gallery was named after him. the gallery provides a fascinating glimpse into the history of the Selangor sultanate and the life of the eighth Sultan.
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Sketch of building before renovation
A,B Hubback
Openings before renovation
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Ar Laurent Lim
Conservation The refurbishment and conversion works were conducted by Architect Laurent Lim. The conservation process placed emphasis on retaining the originality of the neoclassical elements , minimum intervention executed to retain the architecture. However , the landscaping are improve to accentuate the architecture of the building . Architect Laurent keep the concept to its original that was done by Arthur B. Hubback. The palace was renovated, with the support of the State Government with around RM 3,000,000. As the museum stood on the sultan’s private land, the Sultan Suleiman building, built in 1909 and named after Raja Suleiman who became Sultan Alaeddin Suleiman Shah was chosen for its historical significance and accessiblity to the public. Conservation and renovation works on the building adjacent to the Klang Post Office, began in 2005 and were completed late last year. “The Sultan took a personal interest in the museum and would often spend about three hours going through the artifacts, ensuring that they were correctly documented,” said Munasor Aliyasak, the museum manager .
Louver shutter adding on the façade blended well with existing architecture
Architecture Conservation
Transparent Lift to cater visitors
The neoclassical style courtyard are refurbished
Interior Space after renovation for exhibition room
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CASE STUDY 2: GEDUNG RAJA ABDULLAH Location Conservation Agency Conservation Period Cost Previous Usage
Current Usage
: Klang : Selangor State Muzeum Perbadanan Adat Melayu & Warisan Negeri Selangor : : : 1857 -1873 Warehouse for weapon ,tin and goods 1874-1879 British government office 1880-1974 police station : Tin Museum
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Background Gedung Raja Abdullah in Klang, is the oldest Malay building in Selangor. A departure from traditional all-timber construction, this building was built in 1856. Raja Abdullah, appointed by Sultan Mohamed as Chief of Klang, built it as his house (first floor) and store (for tin, mining implements and supplies). It was modelled after his father's house in Lukut. This half-brick half-timber structure has housed many tenants after Raja Abdullah left Klang in 1867 during the civil war fought against Raja Mahadi. The building was bought by the colonial government and used by the British Resident as his headquarters, the State Treasury, Survey, Land and Post Offices. In the 1880s the police took it over until 1974. In 1984 Badan Warisan Malaysia undertook conservation of Gedung Raja Abdullah and in 1985 it was re-opened as the State Museum's Muzium Timah.Department
Architecture The building is a mixture of 19th century Anglo-Indian architecture and local traditional architecture. Thick masonry is used to construct the walls and pillars supporting timber floors, walls and the roof structure above. The ground floor used to be lime concrete at some time, while the upper floor consists of timber beams, joists and floorboards. A huge open verandah surrounds the upper hall.
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Conservation In 2009 , Selangor State Museum pass the functins and reponsibility to the current Perbadanan Adat Melayu & Warisan Negeri Selangor. Gedung Raja Abdullah is undergoing conservation and upgrading work.
BEFORE Plaster on pillar and wall on ground floor & top floor were removed due to damaged caused by porosity. Brickwork and lime plaster on the ground floor was heavily damaged due to rising damp. Rising damp was caused by the position of the building in a low lying area. Walls were cracked, probably were due to vibrations from vehicles from nearby road.
AFTER Columns were refurbished; timber floors were repaired and reinstalled; internal walls repaired and painted. Conservation works involved altering concrete floors back to original timber construction and finish on the first floor, restoring lime plaster, and substituting damaged wood elements. (Heritage.gov.my, 2015)
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CASE STUDY 3: ISTANA BANDAR JUGRA Location Conservation Agency Conservation Period Cost Previous Usage Current Usage Bandar
: Banting : State Government Selangor (1980 -1990) Selangor’s Board of Museum (2008) : 10 years ( 1980 -1990) : : Palace ofSultan Sir Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah Administrative Office of Selangor State : Living Museum showing past of Istana
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Introduction Istana Bandar is a magnificent palace, albeit a solitary and empty building on a 5.26ha piece of land standing in the centre of oil palm plantations in Jugra.This palace owned by fifth Sultan of Selangor, Sultan Sir Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah. One of the reasons Sultan Alaeddin chose the site was because of its short distance to existing roads and river which was the main transportation to the nearby city of Jugra and Klang (Rasdi, 2012). Construction began in 1899 and finished in 1903. The current building was abandoned after Selangor royalty moved, in 1936, to Klang, making the town the new Royal seat of Selangor.
Conservation The state government of Selangor took initiatives to restore the building to its original state as the building suffered deterioration from disrepair after several decades of being abandoned. The restoration effort began in late 1980’s and completed in 1990. The state government briefly used the palace as the district’s art and craft center which didn’t last long however as there was little response from the public at the time. On mid June 1997, Istana Bandar is temporarily used as a Tahfiz school by the Selangor Islamic Religious Office to teach the Qur’an while waiting for a permanent building to be constructed nearby. The Tahfiz School finished construction in 1999 and again Istana Bandar was left vacated.
Figure: Istana Bandar during abandonment Source: http://dome.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.3/133211/
Figure: Istana Bandar after conservation Source: http://www.selangor.gov.my/resources/kualalangat
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In 2008, Istana Bandar was officially entrusted to the Selangor’s Board of Museum for restoration and conservation purposes. After completion, it was subsequently handed over to the Malay Customs and National Heritage Corporations of Selangor (PADAT) (D’Kampung Bandar, 2013). At present, there is a plan to retrofit and repurpose the palace as a living museum with different concept from Museum Alam Shah. Based on statements given by PADAT officials, the living museum will be used to show the original condition of Istana Bandar in the past complete with furniture and royal equipments. The palace will be divided into 3 main areas. Balai Mengadap Baru will show the background history of Jugra and Istana Bandar itself while the center area which is Ruang Keluarga Diraja and Dapur Masak will show the equipment and furniture that were used in the past. The last showroom which is located in Ruang Beradu will be used to show the handicrafts from the entire state of Selangor.
Table: Timeline of physical changes of Istana Bandar. Source: http://www.i-m.co/conielim/istanabandarjugra/
Figure: Museum layout of Istana Bandar Source: http://www.i-m.co/conielim/istanabandarjugra/
Architecture Conservation
Equipment and Furniture showcase
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Conclusion Every single man-made building is made with its very own intention and Pejabat Agama Islam Klang is no exception. When people start to preserve a building is because the building has its own content, value and stories. Pejabat Agama Islam Klang has an ages of 103 years. It is rare to find building that last so long in Malaysia. Besides that, the building itself have witness all the changes or the development of Klang during all these 103 years. From 1912 till now, from the user of Sultan Allaeddin Sulaiman Shah till Pejabat Agama Islam Klang, it does mean a lots to the people especially the Klang residents. History that is only taught in books will never triggers as much spirit or emotions compared to standing into the building experience and reminisce the past commotion and changes. In this assignment, we find out how unique and special of every single architectures element were being used in the building which, back in the past before modern construction, every single details and fine points was in fact hand crafted and built by delicate workmanship. This assignment taught us how to identify the historical elements of a building and also how the architectural conservation practices work. Moreover, the framework of the building was recall to perceive the architectural trend and status of the royalties back in century ago. As a conclusion, as an architecture students, design and build a building was not only our one and only choice but conservation was an alternative way for us to experience the history and past architectural style and design intention. It is hard to find all these rich and meaningful cultural quality which no longer applied to modern architecture which causes buildings around the world look almost similar.
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Reference History Of Klang. Shah Alam: Museum Sultan Alam Shah, 2015. Print. Langkasa-norul.blogspot.com,. 'LANGKASA (Space Eagle): The Royal Mosque Of Sultan Suleiman, Klang, Selangor, Malaysia'. N.p., 2015. Web. 30 May 2015. 'Majlis Agama Islam Selangor'. N.p., 2015. Web. 30 May 2015. Ms.wikipedia.org,. 'Jabatan Agama Islam Selangor'. N.p., 2015. Web. 30 May 2015. Portal Rasmi Majlis Perbandaran Klang,. 'Bangunan Pejabat Agama Islam'. N.p., 2015. Web. 30 May 2015. Portal Rasmi Majlis Perbandaran Selangor,. 'Bangunan Suleiman'. N.p., 2015. Web. 30 May 2015. 'ULAMA NUSANTARA: March 2005'. Ulama.blogspot.com. N.p., 2005. Web. 30 May 2015. Sembang Kuala,. 'Durbar: Predecessor To The Majlis Raja-Raja'. N.p., 2011. Web. 30 May 2015.
Theearlymalaydoctors.blogspot.com,. 'The Early Malay Doctors: Sultan Of Selangor'. N.p., 2012. Web. 30 May 2015. Wikipedia,. 'Hisamuddin Of Selangor'. N.p., 2015. Web. 30 May 2015. Wikipedia,. 'Sulaiman Of Selangor'. N.p., 2015. Web. 30 May 2015. Zaini, Soraj Mohd. 'Bangunan Lama JAIS Klang Diwartakan Bangunan Warisan'. Selangorku.com. N.p., 2015. Web. 30 May 2015. Heritage.gov.my,. (2015). Gedung Raja Abdullah, Klang, Selangor. Retrieved 17 April 2015, from http://www.heritage.gov.my/index.php/en/conservation/conservation-building/residential-houses/raja-abdullah-warehouse lim, p. (2013). 巴生史话: 九月 2013. Klanghistory.blogspot.com. Retrieved 17 April 2015, from http://klanghistory.blogspot.com/2013_09_01_archive.html Rmp.gov.my,. (2015). Pasukan Polis Selangor. Retrieved 17 April 2015, from http://www.rmp.gov.my/infor-korporate/polis-diraja-malaysia/sejarah/pasukanpolis-selangor D’Kampung Bandar Banting, 2013. Asal Usul Kampung Bandar, viewed 7 April 2015, http://dkampungbandar.blogspot.com/2013/06/asalusul- kampungbandar_29.html Rasdi, M., 2012, Traditional Islamic Architecture of Malaysia, D'Khairan Sdn. Bhd, Kuala Lumpur Istana Bandar Jugra, 2014. Istana Bandar Jugra. [online] Available at:<http://www.i-m.co/conielim/istanabandarjugra/> Accessed 10 April 2015. Interview Saiful, Mohd. History Of Klang And Role Of MPK In Architecture Conservation. 2015. in person. Anuar， Mohd Hisory of Perjabat Agama Islam(PAID) 2015. text
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List of Figure Figure 1.2.3a Illustration showing the war between two Selangor dignitaries to take and control Klang River Valley from 1867 to 1873 http://mattingtong.blogspot.com/2013/10/about-klang-town.html Figure 1.2.3b Fort of Raja Mahadi as a defensive barricade against Raja Abdullah. Now, the fort next to the present Klang Municipal Concil Hall serves as an impressive landmark of the state. http://www.carigold.com/portal/forums/printthread.php?t=332376&pp=10&page= 10 Figure 1.2.5b Tin mining area in Klang http://www.malaysiacentral.com/information-directory/taiping-the-historicallyrich-town-in-perak-malaysia/ Figure 1.2.5c Port Swettenham in 1901 http://www.rsmurthi.com/PortSwettenhamPhotos.html Figure 1.2.5d Klang Valley Railway in 1886 http://history.malayarailway.com/home/1850---1900 Figure 1.2.6a : Japanese soldier http://www.thegreatestpuzzle.com/2015/japanese-influence-in-malaysia/ Figure 2.2.1a : â&#x20AC;&#x153;Istana Singgahâ&#x20AC;? of Sultan Sir Allaeddin Sulaiman in 1912 Figure :First JAIS office building in 1965 Figure 2.2.4a Pejabat Agama Islam in 2000 Figure 2.2.3 a Figure 2.2.3b Figure 2.2.3 c Figure 1: Ground Floor Plan of the Palace. Figure 2: First Floor Plan of the Palace http://www.slideshare.net/YeeQun/pejabat-agama-islam-klang Figure 2.2.1b :Istana Mahkota is the official palace where Sultan Sulaiman live in completed in 1903 http://www.vintagemalaya.com/Gone_But_Not_Forgotten.html Figure 2.2.1b Portrait of Sultan Sulaiman http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan_Alaeddin_Sulaiman_Shah_ibni_Almarhum_R aja_Muda_Musa#/media/File:Sultan_Sulaiman_of_Selangor.JPG Figure 2.2.1c The Sultan Suleiman Mosque built in 1932 https://c3.staticflickr.com/7/6132/6006010794_6609a28577_b.jpg
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Figure 2.2.2a Invasion of Japanese in Malaya http://langkasa-norul.blogspot.com/2015/03/the-royal-mosque-of-sultan-suleiman.html Figure 2.2.3d Portrait of Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Alhaj http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jabatan_Agama_Islam_Selangor http://zureuel.blogspot.com/2008/04/sultan-abdul-aziz-royal-gallery.html Figure 3.0.a: Ground Floor Plan of the Palace Figure 3.0.d: First Floor Plan of the Office Figure 3.0.a: Ground Floor Plan of the Palace Figure 3.0.b: Ground Floor Plan of the Office http://www.slideshare.net/YeeQun/pejabat-agama-islam-klang
Figure: Istana Bandar during abandonment http://dome.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.3/133211/ Figure: Istana Bandar after conservation http://www.selangor.gov.my/resources/kualalangat Figure: Museum layout of Istana Bandar http://www.i-m.co/conielim/istanabandarjugra/
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NB
ESA
R
POS MALAYSIA KLANG
JAL A
JABATAN PERPADUAN NEGARA DAN INTEGRASI
KUALA LUMPUR
KOMPLEKS MAHKAMAH KLANG
15
PETALING JAYA
JAL A
E10
SUBANG JAYA E37
E30
ND
20
E5
PEJABAT AGAMA KLANG
AMZ
E20
PUCHONG
SERI KEMBANGAN
A
PELABUHAN KLANG
TAN
SERDANG
E25 5
PUTERI GARDEN HOTEL KLANG
JAL AN
AH
PAD AN G
JAL
AN IS
E26
N
ATO KH
N
1 10
JAL
AN
DAT
OK
HAM
ZAH
JAL A
NP
N
AD
AN
G
2 10
A OD/1
DOWN
1
DOWN
11
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
DOWN
12
13
13 14
14
15
15
16
N
A OD/1
..\..\..\Documents\TALOR-LOGO.jpg
3 11
A OD/1
1 2
2
1
UP
UP
WAITING AREA
UP
1
UP
D1
D1
2
2
1
DOWN
1 2
D2 7 1
COUNTER AREA
2
3
4
5
6
8 9 10 11 12 13
DOCUMENT ROOM
LOBBY
DEPARTMENT OFFICES
D3
D4
STORE ROOM
ELECTRICAL ROOM 9 8
1 2
3
4 5
6
7
DOWN 1
4
1
3 2 1
UP DOWN 2
DOWN
1
PORCH
1
2
RESTING AREA
DOWN 10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
DOWN
1
D3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11 11
12
12
13
13 14
14
15
15
16
MEETING ROOM (STAFF ONLY)
D5
PANTRY
DOCUMENT ROOM
CORRIDOR
N COUNSELING ROOM
COUNSELING ROOM
A OD/1
4 11
A OD/1
KADI ROOM 21,328.97 m2
D8
2,560.03 m2
COUNSELING ROOM 9 10
28,434.30 m2
11 12 13 14 15
COUNTER AREA
16 17 18 DOWN
STORE 8,548.16 m2
54,044.76 m2
10,474.43 m2
DOCUMENT ROOM STORE
WAITING AREA 54,044.76 m2
7,116.70 m2
OFFICES 178,835.91 m2
D3
D7
TOILET 5,572.55 m2
PRAYER ROOM
TOILET 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10
D6
12,028.14 m2
4,478.03 m2
15,732.88 m2 D3 DOWN 1 2 3
WAITING AREA 27,424.32 m2
DISCIPLINARY UNIT 88,573.59 m2
N
A OD/1
5 11
6 11
..\..\..\Documents\TALOR-LOGO.jpg
7 11
..\..\..\Documents\TALOR-LOGO.jpg
8 11
..\..\..\Documents\TALOR-LOGO.jpg
9 11
..\..\..\Documents\TALOR-LOGO.jpg
10 11
..\..\..\Documents\TALOR-LOGO.jpg
11 11