LUMINOUS GALAXY Chenxin Cao(a1728232) | Rep II. 19 | Structures of Light
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PART III Form
table of contents
01 02 03 04 05 06
PART IV Material
Design concept Plan & Section & Elevation Spatial quality Light study 3: Opacity
01 Seek Light Metaphor Page 9 02 Explorations of 3 Possibilities Page 10 03 Light study 2: Reflection Page 13
PART II Idea
Page 1 Page 3 Page 7
PART I Place
01 02 03 04
01 Site description 02 Site analysis 03 Light study 1: Luminosity
Aerial and ground views Light & texture (Internal views) Material analysis Construction detailing Visual mobility Light study 4: Filtration
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Site description ground view 1
aerial view 1
aerial view 2
ground view 2 The Maths Lawns located in the University of Adelaide, and there are two grand lawns encircled by three main buildings. The ancient Barr Smith Library is directly facing to the site, and both sides are modern teaching buildings which showing case a glass architecture feature. The site provides an outdoor public rest area for university students and staffs; people can chat, discuss their studying and have lunch here.
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Molecular Life Sciences
The Braggs
views of ambient light
Engineering and Maths. Sciences
views of human usage
Ingkarni Wardli Barr Smith Library
views of site facility
SANTOS Building
site plan The site can also be used to hold activities. The University of Adelaide library in the 1890s, and is named after the donator Robert Barr Smith in 1899. The Braggs are father and son team won the prestigious Nobel Prize in Physics in 1915. They credited with founding a new branch of the scientific method in X-ray crystallography. The contribution of Braggs has far-reaching influence until now.
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Site analysis Day
Night Overcast
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Shadow analysis
Summer 9AM
Winter 9AM
Summer 12 NOON
Winter 12 NOON
Summer 3PM
Winter 3PM
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South Elevation 1:1000
Barr Smith Library Eastern Elevation 1:1000
North Elevation 1:1000
Site Modelling Page / 5
Movement & Measurements 40m 23m
38m
60m
60m
10m 12.5m 18m
15m
KEY
140m
60m 61m
Movement Views The human can enter the Maths Lawns from different directions, and five main roads are surrounding this site. Also, they can straight across the lawn. For the core architecture -Barr Smith library has unique imposing front portico which designed by University architect Walter H Bagot .
26m
Scale 1:1000
23m
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Light study 1: Luminosity
The word of luminosity means something emit, reflect light or the shining from inside of something. Brightness and luminance have the same meaning as luminosity. Luminosity is a noun which can means brilliance, for instance, someone full of wit, talented and inspired. On the other hand, luminosity in astronomy which means total energy emitted by galaxy and stars. Page / 7
Philosophical meanings The Philosophical meaning for luminosity used as a metaphor for truth, and from the scientific point of view, it represents subjective and interior- like the feeling of sight and mental sensation. Many architects prefer to experience and conceive the luminous qualities of things in culturally specific ways. When the colours and surfaces of things emitting or omitting brilliance, theses changes could mean sacred, spiritual or other particular philosophy moral. Because of the light struck, the human can catch sight of the patterns of the shadows and darkness, and they create beauty. Therefore, sometimes the beauty not in the thing itself.
Meaning in architecture through a case study The architect Zaha Hadid is famous for her theories of fragmentation and fluidity design techniques. She has a unique architectural imagination to create an impressive design. Also, by using light to render her, her architectures are one way of revealing and interpreting her concepts. The light can narrow the gap between human perception and architecture. People can perceive the forms and materials by the reflected light and architecture luminosity. Guangzhou Opera House is one of the successful lighting architectural designed by Zaha Hadid. Guangzhou Opera House was completed in 2010. It located in the city of Pearl River, and it has become one of the biggest theatres in China. For the structure of Guangzhou Opera House, the design concept comes from the boulders taken from the river bed and smoothed and eroded by rivers. The interior design of the Guangzhou Opera House is impressive. People walk in the middle of terraced seats, like entering the insides of an oyster. Also, The luminosity as a ‘building material’ plays a vital element for the development of architectural and artistic forms.
The primary colour of Opera House’s auditorium space is a champagne gold with a glossy finish – similar to the appearance of luxurious silk.Due to the luminous yellow lights, the whole space full of warm, golden and glossy atmosphere. The design of the auditorium taken on fluidity and seamlessness. The colours of the terraced seatings are copper and ceiling lighting is made up of 4000 white LED lights. Thousands of light pixels in the ceiling shining brightly, which looks like the luminosity of stars twinkle in the sky. Therefore, when the leading lights dim, the performance hall will create a feeling of sitting under the dome of the night sky for audiences. The light lines gaps between the wall and ceiling can overthrow the conventional architectural structures. The golden and glossy surface presents the shape of folding and flowing. Through the exposure of light patterns form the effect of reflections in waterfalls. Page / 8
growth ring
tree stump
star solar
2 galaxy
3
universe
1
light lake surface
5 4 tree stump 5 2
3
4
1
Metaphor From the seek light, think of the solar, trees and galaxy. All-natural light and heat on the earth have come from the solar. Without solar, anything on the earth will put themselves in the darkness. Also, for natural, light is significant. Most botany has to do with the capacity; they need the light of the solar energy turns into chemical energy. Without light, threes will die.
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We can see the brilliant stars in the clear night sky; countless stars are shining in the universe. There is only one solar in the solar system, but there is countless solar in the Milky Way. The galaxy is made up of countless stars. They are shining. I prefer to pitch on the roundness shape and lines circle to the centre, looks like the shape of the growth ring.
Idea solar
growth ring
galaxy
SUNRAY
Designing from the shape of diffused light and looks like a maze, and then grow up to the irregularity solar. The human can walk in this area.
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STACK TIMBER
Without natural light, trees will die. Designing from the dead trees, they have all been cat down and made into the timber. They were overlapped and cramped, and the light can penetrate the gap.
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LUMINOUS GALAXY
Consist of many dark spots, like the galaxy, is made up of countless stars. Form the shape of the galaxy, and the light pavilion likes to sparkle.
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Light study 2: Reflection
Linguistic definitions The Linguistic definitions of reflection is an image that people can see in the mirror, glass and water. Such as the starry sky and moonlight reflected in the surface of the river. Also, the light, heat or sound that is thrown back in one way to form the angle of reflection. The reflection also means some consequences reality directly influence or give an index to issues or some situations.
Philosophical meanings The Philosophical meaning for reflection is introspection, the careful self-examination of life situations. The human can do critical thinking on the action plan, decisions and incidents. Reflection is an essential activity for human; through this human activity, people can regain new experience and think deeply. Learning from the reflection and combine their own experience, the human can make progress. Reflection is a kind of experience, and it is entirely internal. From the study of emotions and feelings, reflection can produce emotional for humans, such as love, hatred, pain and pleasure. Therefore, through reflection, the human can reliably identify their emotions.
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Meaning in architecture through a case study Elbphilharmonie is a concert hall located in Hamburg, Northern Germany and designed by Herzog & de Meuron. It conceived in 2001 and completed in 2017. Elbphilharmonie concert hall stands between the city and harbour, and it has become the Germany new landmark and famous for its novel glass structure and curved roofs. The designers used prolific imaginations to create a crystalline musical palace in the air. It is imperative of the transparency and the reflective performance for the architecture surfaces. Architects redesigned and built the upper part of this architecture, and the original site is a vast warehouse. The exterior architecture is 110 meters high, and it is glassy and opalescent. From a distance, the whole architecture looks like a giant crystal hanging in the air.
The design concept of the Elbphilharmonie concert hall is to provide a communication centre for music lovers, tourists and the business around the world. Also, the concert hall can reflect the full of music features of Hamburg. The reflective surfaces and curving glass walls can catch, reflect and magnify the views of sunlight, the river and docks and a panoramic view of Hamburg’s city.
The glass facade at Elbphilharmonie concert hall can generate light reflection, inwardly and outwardly curved glass can reflect the views of the city, water and sky. This kind of design is very expressive, which provides light and shade effects. The exterior glass facade of Elbphilharmonie concert hall which formed the shapes of sails, waves, tents, caves and bubbles can produce sharp contrast with uniform structural glazing skyscrapers. Besides, the vertical and horizontal convex curves of many glass elements enhanced the luminosity twisted light reflection and created distinct distorted reflections in the sky. Due to the irregular surface with folds, and the morphology glass facade became irregular, the light reflected on the building surface can present a twisty inverted image. The glass windows of the whole building have the concave shape, which from plenty of reflective surfaces. In the direct sunlight, the distinct curves reflect light into bright lines, and the bright glossy points appear on the building surface makes Elbphilharmonie concert hall luminous. Architects call it “white skin�.
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LUMINOUS GALAXY Design Concept The final design decided to the luminous galaxy, the Maths Lawns located in the university. The design concept and metaphor is that the universe is vast; the galaxy is board, just like the knowledge can not be calculated. Page / 15
Every student in the university like one of the stars, they have their value; they have shining points. Similarity, they are exploring knowledge.
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Plan & Section & Elevation
Plan (movement outside) Scale 1:1000
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Plan & Section & Elevation
West Section 1:200
North Section 1:200 Page / 18
Plan & Section & Elevation
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East Elevation 1:200
North Elevation 1:200
West Elevation 1:200
South Elevation 1:200
Spatial quality
Exploded composition
Underground movement
8 7
concrete wall
6
5
9 1
8 storage space 7 seminar room
2 3
6 small library 4
1 accessible toilet
5 Lift
9 presentation space
2 male toilet 3 female toilet
4 reception area
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Light study 3: Opacity Linguistic definitions The linguistic definition of opacity is the quality of something obscurity or fuzzy, and it is hard to see through. Also, opacity can be used to describe the degree of light through something. On the other hands, the opacity means the incomprehensible results which come from something's obscure meaning or indefinite for the dim illumination.
Philosophical meanings Transparency and opacity have the opposite meanings. For transparency, sometimes, the thought of human is transparency clear. Having the ability to see through and solve problems, people take in thinking transparent without any hindrance, and accessible communication with others, this kind of transparent are unique. For opacity, it means darkness, vague and opaque, such as for the human mind, some problems or questions are challenging to understand. On the other hand, human use light reflection to judge the object opacity. Suppose the light can penetrate the object, this object is transparent, and if the light cannot penetrate the object will be classified as an opaque object.
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Natural light is the essential element of the church design. The brightness of natural light can affect and attract people's attention. Also, Meaning in architecture through a case study the natural light can create a peaceful atmosphere. Some churches used Pirkkala Church, as the religious natural light to help people focus attention. The glazing sunlight can building, the skilful designers disturb people pray. Also, the contemplative space needs soft light to use the sunlight time-concepts. help human settle down and strengthen the mediation. Besides, some The light angles are different at modern sacred churches used white as the primary colours for walls and a different period, so different ceilings, because the colour of white means purity and peace, also it can light textures will appear on the reflect light. Besides, the light texture is the shadow. The light travels wall of the church. Also, Pirkkala along a straight line from the sun, and when the light cannot through Church located in Tampere, an opaque object and be blocked by the objects during the process of Finland; due to the geographic rectilinear propagation, a dark area can be formed behind the objects. midday position, Northern Europe has a particular light condition. In winter, Northern Europe will become a lack of light place, and the sunlight through the transparent glass from the side of the church and illuminate on the opaque walls. The designers cleverly set in the Pirkkala Church interior design with the incorporation of the light beam early afternoon early morning late morning and shadow. Pirkkala Church is a modern divine church located in Finland and designed by Käpy and Simo Paavilainen. Pirkkala Church is an excellent example of applied light and shadow for the church interior. To let the sunlight come into the church hall, designers chose the most common transparent material — glass, and the sunlight through the big french window on the sidewall. Additionally, the white surface can increase light reflexivity and have the benefit to improve the luminance of the interior during the winter. The light is limited, and it should efficiently be used. The thick wooden frame on the window can be partially shielded sunlight, thus forming the distinct shadow on the wall.
mid-afternoon
late afternoon
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Aerial and ground views
ground view facing Barr Smith Library Page / 23
ariel view facing Frome Rd Page / 24
Light & texture (Internal views)
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Material analysis layer 1
aluminium pipe aluminium pipe dome
layer 2
aluminium structure curtain wall
dome skin glass panel
layer 3
aluminium rib Page / 27
reinforced concrete wall (basement)
Construction detailing
aluminium pop rivets (non ferrous)
stainless steel bolts
dome skin glass panel
stainless screw
rivet
aluminium rib
silicone caulking
aluminium rib on inside
over dome skin & under finishing strip
construction detail 1:50 Aluminium is one of the most popular material because it is lightweight, robust and excellent corrosion resistance and durable. Also, it is ductility, malleable and conductive.
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Visual mobility 1
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Visual mobility 2
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Light study 4:
Filtration
Linguistic definitions Filtration usually used in the fields of chemistry and physics. The filtration means the action or process of coalition something and remove the impurity of something. By filtering something,
the human can get clean or pure objects or liquid. As a verb, the filtration means permeate, such as the liquid or gas enter something and spreads through every part of it.
Philosophical meanings The word of filtration can be widely used in different fields. For example, the filter plays an essential role in photography, such as coloured filters, polarized filter and colours vibrant filers. Filters can distort, apply different effects, and screen out unwanted items for photos. Also, there are some filters for cooking which move out unwanted items from the dishes.
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Additionally, the filters for people’s house can help to purify the air. On the other hands, people’s thinking can be filtered by religious belief, knowledge and life experience. In Christianly, Christians need filters. Human must stop wicked temptations, internal sin and external evil behaviour in mind with filtered thinking.
Meaning in architecture through a case study Le Corbusier makes ingenious use of the orientation, openings and textures to create a sacred church with daylight. The light is closely related to the divinity, chaste and holiness. The element of light is an essential part of the design of the religious building. Le Corbusier is an artist and an architect, and he has extraordinary artistic imagination and creativity. In the design of his sacred buildings, the colours have been linked with the light. The light shines into the interior and creates a quiet and mysterious atmosphere around the human. Different from before, the light is not the tool of religious persuasion any more. There are three kinds of light sources in the Church of Saint-Pierre. The first one is point light source, the different shapes of daylight openings on the roof, and the west wall, which can provide directional linear light sources at a specific time. Secondly, the line light source is formed by the spiral shape of the daylighting band. Because it belongs to the diffuse light, light and shade effect does not change significantly during the day. The third is the area light source, because of the porous wall, the overall light effect is close to the area light source, which provides refracted light, and the effect can change over time.
The Church of Saint-Pierre is one of the daylight kinetic architecture of Le Corbusier. It located at Firminy, France. For the geographic location of Firminy, the climate belongs to temperate maritime and has abundant sunshine. Also, because the sunlight in summer is more than in winter, the interior of the church need more light in winter. The surrounding concrete wall makes the interior of the church dim and silence. The constellation of Orion on the concrete wall behind the altar is composed of countless small round holes. Also, because of the glass and three curved walls, the sunlight can be refraction and projected into numerous semicircle light tracks. Also, because of the colourful reflectors, the outdoor light can enter the interior of the church by diffuse reflection. Like the light filter, the sunlight colour is overridden due to the colourful reflectors. Page / 32
Chenxin Cao(a1728232) | Rep II. 19 | Structures of Light