A Study of Light

"Guided By Light"

Chen Yijian Sept. 17 - Oct.17

Daylight Under Scandinavia Sky

Dictionary of Light

Daylight & Arhitecture Artificial Light & Architecture

Daylight Under Scandinavia Sky

[ Touchable Sky ]

Three typical sky in Stockholm

large clouds

cotton-like cloud

clean sky My first impression of the Scandinavia sky can be described as Touchable because of the low height of cloud.

And because the temperature of ground surface is low in Stockholm , the temperature decreases fast with the rise of height, so the vapor can condense into clouds at a low altitude. What's more, the air pollution index is small in Stockholm, so the vapor won't adhere to the particles to form fog.

Daylight Under Scandinavia Sky [ The sky changes in a day]

21.10.2017

The light level did not change so much in a day, but we can tell the time by analysis the shadows on building facade.

The light level and color of sky changes dramtically in the early morning (7:30-8:30）and the evening (17:30-18:30)

Although there is always some cloud in the whole day, it turns to be very clear in the dawn and sunset.

07：30

08：30

09：30

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18：30

Daylight Under Scandinavia Sky [ First one hour in a day ]

18.10.2017

If we divided human dayliy activities roughly into two parts then it would be positive activity and nagetive activity.

Sleep as the longest negative activity, the status changes of this activity is close related to the change of sky.

I have documented for three days, from the first scene I saw when wake up on the bed to the last scene I saw in the balcony when I leave home.

07:35

07:40

07:45

07:50

07:55

08:00

08:05

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08:20

08:25

08:30

07:35

07:40

07:45

07:50

07:55

08:00

08:20

08:25

08:30

Cloudy to clear

19.10.2017

08:05

08:10

08:15

Pink to blue

19.10.2017

Foggy to clear

07:35

07:40

07:45

07:50

07:55

08:00

08:05

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08:15

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08:25

08:30

Daylight & Architecture [ Diffuse light from the sky]

[ Art of reflection ]

Diffuse sky light comes from all directions, in this picture the distribution of light and shadow is almost symmetrical. The study of diffuse skylight is vary important for a place like Stockholm for the sky here is always cloudy.

Diffuse light from the sky Reflection of the daylight Due to the low height of sun and the long distance between buildings, the reflection of sun always can be seen on the facade o f buidings.

The only disadvantage is when walkers lokk back they will see a strong and dazzling light spot

The pattern of these reflections sometimes can be as beautiful as some paintings of modern art. In this situation, the facade which displayed reflection can be seen as a canvas.

Daylight & Architecture [ Details create atmosphere ]

[ Stolen light ]

Reflection of objects in a room

Due to the high latitudes, Stockholm doesn't has enough light in the winter, so archtects came up with different solutions. One of these solutions is to make a small opening in the corner and use a wall to give the light a background.

The light atmosphere inside a building can be very complicaed.

Although the level of light and the overall color tendency are created mainly by the the nature light and artifacial light, the whloe atmosphere is created by every details inside the room, such as the reflection between furnitures and walls.

Nobel center

When this wall is inside the building The reflection of the wooden cabinet makes the wall a little yellowish

Yellow light reflected by the wooden cabinet make the door frame hiden in shadow brighter

Markuskyrkan

When the wall is placed outside the building and been painted in white

Daylight & Architecture [ Light entering from the window ]

[ The sense of volume created by light ]

This group of analysation below shows how complicated the light condition is in one a particular location in the room.

When the light can touch a real wall then it can be used as a physic design tool, because the boundary between light and darkness can give people a strong sense of space.

Lighting style The lamp is facing up

Original picture

Reflection of the windowsill

The reflection of the wall makes the shadows bright

Darkness in a conical shape

Lighting style The lamp is facing down

Direct sunlight

Diffused light form sky

Together create the most bright part.

Lightness in a conical shape

Artificial Light & Architecture [ The light in the darkness ]

[ Color & Architecture ]

In the photography museum I saw a professional light setting of exhibition, when the light is on the photo, the photo emerge from the darkness, as if the walls and space does not exist, leaving only the impression of photo in ones mind.

When the light has the color, its role is not just the lighting, it will re-give the building and space a new characteristic.

when colors were separeted from archtectures, still have a strong relationship Exhibition mode The light came over from the oblique side of the viewer and come to the picture directly. So that the shadow of people will never affect the photos. light with color, light makes the same space different

The interaction between shadows of vistors and light patterns on the floor

When colors were separated from the light,indepently exsit in the space.

SKANSEN OBVERSATION

Documentation of design process

Skansen Observation

Impression & Atmosphere

The old factory is located in the southwest of the museum, its main direction is south. The building consists of three parts: the front office, the middle part of the factory, and the rear of the conference room. The left side of the building is a gravel road, the right side are lawn and trees, and in front of the building there are white sand.

Different part of this building remind me of some light atmosphere in different natural environments

Light condition in the morning and noon

Photos taken from the entrance

Photo of deep sea plants

in the afternoon

Photo of the rear of the building

Photo of deep sea plants

Sketches of the Site Artificial light in the room

Shadows in the room

Due to the plenty of nature light, this workshop doesn't need a high levl of artifical light. These yellow lamps for fine operation of the mechines hanging near the working table are just creating small light spots for this space

The light are mainly derived from three different dirrction, windows in west and east side and windows on the roof. The frames on the side windows, the beams near the roof and wood stacked on the beams, all these stuff together create complicated shadows in the room.

From Abstract to Concrete

During the process of Reality to Abstract, we were trying to find out the most essential factor for creating the special atmosphere.

After doing this, we added these factors one by one. Start with the double angle roof, then changed the roof and walls into different materials ,in the end, we add some objects in the room. These pictures below are showing how the different elements are inflencing this space.

Comparetion Between Artifical Light & Nature Light

Reality

Abstract

In order to develope a deep understanding of how the nature light works and how to control artifical light, we tried to recreate the impression of this workshop by using only artifical light

Concrete

yellowish reflectionn on the wall

Light setting room with one straight angle

room with two straight angles

room with one slope angle

room with two slope angles

room with different material

room with beams and column

room with some furnitures

room in a difuse light

blue hint on the wall

bright mottled light Blurred edges

Comparetion Between Difuse Light & Direct Light

Investigation of Roof Same roof / Different dirrection

different light settings

Light Different roof / Same dirrection

Light

When we tried to bounce light from this plate-shape difusers, the light level inside the same room declined.

Dark

Sunpath

By using this solar clock we can adjust the setting of lamp to achieve a specific time in a day.

kl 13

kl 14

openings facing the sunlight always gets brighter. the more angle it has, the brighter it will be

Dark

Back to Skansen

Walls & Light & Space

During this process, we began to add more architectural elements to the model.

We try to use different sizes of walls (which are in same amount) to create a different light atmosphere.

Emphasize the middle part

Emphasize both side

Emphasize one side

light quality: bright / evenly / the upper the lighter / heavy on the floor At the very begining, we tried to recreat the light atmosphere of this workshop in a very abstract way but it doesn't work well. Fortunately, we found this kind of roof which can mimic the atmosphere.

Prediction to reality

Light as a design tool

In this step, we decided to back to the nature light, so we can learn more about the relationship between light and architecture which will be useful for our next project.

In the end of P1, we start using the light as an design tool which can create diferent room feelings.

At first, we use the knowlege we have collected previously to do this prediction.

And we designed these perforate walls so that we will know what is happening behind the walls.

empty room filled with difuse light

when put in walls

change some backside of the walls into black

change some backside into color

Daylight and Perception

Office Functionďźš working and resting Goals: find the good daylit for working use light to define different area with different function

different colors for working

find the best situation for rest by changing roof windows

use the light to define spaces