1st general meeting by TibetanParliament

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

{}ü üzôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-VïmfïPÅ-hP-qôü

2010

xÛ-¾ô- 2010 ¹- 8 ±ïÅ- 26 mÅ- 31 z¼ü zôh-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅü 1

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

»ÛG-V-ÍP- 75ü {}ü ü2008 ¾ô¼-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-±ôGÅ-Vïm-±ôGÅ-XïÅ-&uÛ-mô¼-&GôP-Å-BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-GÛ-z;ºÇÀôz-hP-Ç+zÅ-zTß-zŸÛ-qºÛ-uÛ-¿Ëm-IôÅ-±ôGÅ-±ôGÅ-hÝÅ-zhÝm-qºÛ-IôÅ-Vôh-»ÛG-V-ÍP- 75 hGôPÅ-hôm-¾ôºDô¼-¾Å-zÇkô¤Å-±ôGÅ-Vïm-¿e-zÞ-zÇkÝ-zÇ+ôP-GmP-MãºÛ-¾Å-¼Û¤-HÛ-IôÅ-Vôhü ±ôGÅ-ºhÝºÛ-¤ÛP.ü zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qô- 2010 2] ±ôGÅ-hÝÅü xÛ-¾ô- 2010 ¹- 8 ±ïÅ- 26 ¼ïÅ-G¸º-wÞ¼-zÞ-mÅ-±ïÅ- 31 ¼ïÅ-G¸º-¤ÛG-h¤¼-z¼-ZÛm-iâG 3] ±ôGÅ-»Þ¾ü l-Åü 4] ±ôGÅ-¤ÛºÛ-»ôP-DÞPÅü ;] FÛ¤Å-ŸÛz-q-Vï-z-hP-FÛ¤Å-ŸÛz-q-GŸm-GZÛÅü D] z;º-„Àôm-n¤-qü G] ¼P-hzP-Tm-HÛ-Çkï-±m-DG-GÛ-ºGm-º²Ûm-n¤-qü P] uÛ-ºfÞÅ-n¤-qü T] &GôP-Å-¤VôG-GÛ-Ç+Ý-±z-n¤-q-GZÛÅü V] Ç+Ý-±z-hôm-GTôh-»ôPÅ-µôGÅü W] l-Å¼-GmÅ-ºDôh-GŸÝP-ŸzÅ-iâP-ºw¼-»m-»ôPÅ-µôGÅ-hP.ü ¸ÞP-iâP-¤m-HÛ-GmÅ-¼Û¤-ÅôÅôºÛ-ºfÞÅ-¤Û-GZÛÅ-¼ïü Z] Å-GmÅ-ºfÞÅ-¤ÛºÛ-±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-DG-GÛ-Ç+Ý-±z-GZÛÅ-¼ï-hP.ü Å-ºfÞÅ-¤ïh-qºÛ-Å-GmÅ-DG-mÅ-¤Û-¤P-GÛ-Ç+Ý-±z¼ïü b] Å-GmÅ-ºGô-º²Ûm-»ôPÅ-µôGÅü f] Å-GmÅ-¼P-zhïm-±ôGÅ-VßP-DG-GÛ-Ç+Ý-±z-¼ïü 1]

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

h] ºyôh-zÇeïm-Ez-DôPÅ-Ç¨m-DP-DG-GÛ-ºGm-º²Ûm-hP-ºƒï¾-¤fÞh-qü m] xÛ-M¾-»Þ¾-Iâ-DG-GÛ-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-uÛ-¤fÞm-±ôGÅ-q-n¤Å-ˆÛ-Ç+Ý-±z-¼ïü [xÛ-iÛ¾-¾Å-DÞPÅ-zMãhü] q] GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-q-DG-mÅ-Ç+Ý-±z-GZÛÅ-¼ïü (GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-q-DG-GÛ-¤±m-GŸÝP-¸Þ¼-º²¼-hP-qôü) w] VôÅ-zMãh-Vïm-qô-zŸÛ-hP.ü G»ÞP-iâP-zôm-zTÅ-Åô-ÅôºÛ-IÔ-z®ßm-Ç+Ý-±z-iâG-¼ïü z] ÇÀôz-IÔ-DG-Åô-ÅôºÛ-ºGm-º²Ûm-hP-ÇÀôz-uÛü ÁïÅ-»ôm-ºGm-º²Ûm-zTÅ-¼ï-¼ïü ¤] zôh-ÇÀôz-º²Ûm-±ôGÅü zôh-yâG-EÛ¤-Çkïü ¤-ÅÞ-¼Û-zôh-EÛ¤-hP-Å¤-„Ëô-^-zTÅ-ˆÛ-¤hÝm-¾¤ÇÀôz-Çeôm-qºÛ-Ç+Ý-±z-¼ïü ®] ¼P-BôP-Çkï-±m-DG-GÛ-Ç+Ý-±z-¼ïü (¼P-BôP-Çkï-±m-HÛ-¤±m-GŸÝP-¸Þ¼-º²¼-GZÛÅ-qü) ±] zôh-Ç¨m-hP-xÛ-¾ÞGÅ-Ç¨m-qºÛ-Ç+Ý-±z-GZÛÅ-¼ïü (ºyôh-zÇeïm-¾Å-DÞPÅ-zMãhü) ²] Mãm-¿km-zôh-hôm-fôG-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-hP-ºGm-ºDÞ¼-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-GmP-¤Dmü ¤DÅ-hzP.ü Vïh-¾Å-qü uÛ-±ôGÅŸzÅ-ŸÝ-z-zTÅ-¤Z¤-ŸÝGÅ-GmP-ºhôh-»ôh-¼ÛGÅ-mÅ-hP-„ÀPÅ-wïzÅ-¤Dm-IPÅ-M-z¾-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-mÅ25 hï-¤Ûm-mÅ- 25 ¾Å-¤-¤P-z-zTÅü 5] IôÅ-GŸÛü Vz-ÆÛh-hP-ü ¤P-G®ô-ºwï¾-MÅü VôÅ-hP-¼ÛG-GŸÝP.ü GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-Æ-zdmü ÁïÅ-»ômü ºyôh-zÇeïmü hq¾-º‚ô¼ü zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-hP-M-z¾-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-wÞh-D-ºfô¼-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-GmÅ-ÇePÅ-Ç+ô¼ü zôh-hôm-zhïm-¤fº-GÅ¾-fzÅ-hP-ü z®m-‚ô¾-hÝ-¤P-G®ô-hzÞ-z½‰ïÅ-mÅ-¤Û-¾ô-ÉÛ¾-qô- 50 ºDô¼-Zï-hPzÇeàm-ºhÅ-qºÛ-Z¤Å-¥ôP-¾-GŸÛ-zTô¾-HÛÅ-¤-ºôPÅ-¾ïGÅ-Çtï¾-‚-xôGÅ-WÛ-hGïºÛ-Ç+ô¼-±ôGÅ-VßP-±P-¤ºÛ-mP-IôÅ-zÇkÝ¼GmP-hGôÅü 6] ¾Å-¼Û¤ü ÇS-iô-±ßôh- 9ü30 mÅ-xÛ-iô-±ßôh- 5ü00 z¼ü ±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-ZÛm-hP-qô¼-hzÞ-º‚ïh-hP.ü hï-XïÅ-IôÅ-GŸÛ-GŸÛ¼-z¸ÞP-Åô-ÅôºÛ-¾Å-hôm-hP-ü h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-WÛ»ôh-¿e¼-±ôGÅ-VßP-V-zGôÅ-ˆÛÅ-ZÛm-zŸÛºÛ-¼ÛP-zIô-JÀïP-ŸÛz-¿ËàG-GmP-Çeïü ZÛm-¤fº-¤-GZÛÅ-¼ÛP-±ôGÅ-VßP-Åô-ÅôºÛ3

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

Mz-GZï¼-n¤Å-uÛ-¤ôÅ-»Ûm-±ï-zXôh-¤ïh-hP-ü hï-¤Ûm-Gmh-hôm-Åô-Åô¼-Mz-Bô¼-hP-hGG-‚-‚-¤ÛºÛ-IPÅ-±h-D-GÅ¾z;ôh-hï-±ôGÅ-Vïm-hÝ-wÞ¾-fôG-zIô-JÀïP-GmP-Mãü hï-hG-xôGÅ-zÇkô¤Å-ˆÛÅ-Mz-GZï¼-»ÛG-V-Gbm-ºzïzÅ-hP-ü ±ôGÅºhÝ-¤WâG-zÇkô¤Å-GmP-Mãü 7] ±ôGÅ-VßP-V-zGôÅü ±ôGÅ-VßP-Åô-ÅôºÛ-±ôGÅ-¤Û-Åô-ÅôºÛ-¾Å-hôm-hP-ü h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-WÛ-»ôh-V-zGôÅ-GÁ¤-GÅ¾-¿e¼-»Ûmü ±ôGÅVßP-mP-GÅïÅ-V-zGôÅ-‚-hGôÅ-‚ãP-¼ÛGÅ-Ç+zÅ-zÇeàm-‚-Mãü ;] VôÅ-hP-¼ÛG-GŸÝP.ü 1ü ¤²h-G®ô-n¤-qü 1 2ü VôÅ-zMãh-Vïm-qô-zŸÛ-hP-ü G»ÞP-iâP-zôm-zTÅ-Åô-ÅôºÛ-IÔ-z®ßm-Ç+Ý-±zü 3ü VïÅ-¤fôºÛ-FÛ¤Å-ŸÛz-DP-hP-ü z;º-iâP-»ÛG-±P-GÛ-GŸÝP-ŸzÅü VôÅ-¼ÛG-¾Å-DÞPÅ-ˆÛ-GŸÝPŸzÅü 4ü zôh-GŸÝP-¹ôÅ-G¼ü 5ü zôh-ˆÛ-hqï-¤²ôh-DP.ü 6ü mô¼-JÀÛP-zôh-ˆÛ-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-GTïÅ-BôP-DP.ü 7ü lô¼-JÀÛP-ºW¤-h‚PÅ-zôh-ˆÛ-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-GTïÅ-BôP-DP.ü 8ü ¿kÛ-¾Û-zôh-DP.ü 9ü ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-hq¼-DP-ü 10ü GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-q-hP-ü hP-„ÀPÅ-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-Tmü D] GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-Æ-zdmü 1ü ¤²h-G®ô-n¤-qü 2ü mP-ÆÛh-¾Å-DÞPÅ-hP-ü zhï-ÆâP-¾Å-DÞPÅ-zTÅ-ˆÛ-GŸÝP-ŸzÅü 3ü Å-GmÅ-ºfÞÅ-±ôGÅü 4

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

4ü 5ü 6ü

Å-GmÅ-ºGô-º²Ûmü Å-ºfÞÅ-¤ïh-qºÛ-Å-GmÅ-DG-mÅ-Ç+Ý-±zü GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-q-hP-ü hP-„ÀPÅ-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-Tmü

FÛ¤Å-ŸÛz-q-Vï-z-hP.ü FÛ¤Å-ŸÛz-q-GŸm-GZÛÅ-ü z;º-„Àôm-n¤-qü &GôP-Å-¤VôG-GÛ-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-Ç+Ý-±z-hP-ü Ç+Ý-±zü ¼P-hzP-Tm-HÛ-Çkï-±m-DG-GÛ-ºGm-º²Ûm-n¤-qü uÛ-ºfÞÅ-n¤-q-zTÅü G] hq¾-º‚ô¼ü 1ü ¤²h-G®ô-n¤-qü 2ü ¯ÛÅ-ŸÛz-¾Å-DP-hP-ü GŸÝP-ŸzÅ-ºhï¤Å-zÇ+ô-¿Ëm-DP-hP.ü hq¾-º‚ô¼-¾Å-DÞPÅ-ˆÛ-GŸÝPŸzÅü 3ü ¼P-zhïm-±ôGÅ-VßP.ü 4ü ¤Z¤-ºƒï¾ü 5ü GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-q-GŸm-hP-ü hÐP-„ÀPÅ-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-Tmü P] ÁïÅ-»ômü 1ü ¤²h-G®ô-n¤-qü 2ü ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¾Å-DÞPÅ-ˆÛ-GŸÝP-ŸzÅü 3ü ÇÀôz-IÔ-DG-Åô-ÅôºÛ-ºGm-º²Ûm-hP-ÇÀôz-uÛü ÁïÅ-»ôm-ºGm-º²Ûm-zTÅü 4ü ¶×-a-VïÅ-¤fôºÛ-G®ßG-¾G-ÇÀôz-GZï¼-DP.ü 5ü zôh-EÛ¤-uÛ-Ez-¾Å-DÞPÅü 6ü ¤-ÅÞ-¼Û-zôh-EÛ¤ü 7ü Å¤-„Ëô-‡-zôh-ÇÀôz-º²Ûm-BôP-DP.ü 8ü ¤hÝm-¾¤-ÇÀôz-Çeôm-qºÛ-Ç+Ý-±z-n¤Åü 9ü z¾-»Þ¾-GPÅ-Tm-zhï-¯ü 5

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

10ü GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-q-hP-ü hÐP-„ÀPÅ-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-Tmü T] zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-hP-ü M-z¾-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-wÞh-qºÛ-D-ºfô¼-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-Ç+ô¼ü 1ü ¤²h-G®ô-n¤-qü 2ü xÛ-iÛ¾-¾Å-DÞPÅ-ˆÛ-GŸÝP-ŸzÅü 3ü Ç+Ý-±z-hôm-GTôh-n¤-qü 4ü zôh-¼ÛGÅ-uÛ-¤fÞm-±ôGÅ-q-DG 5ü GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-q-hP.ü hÐP-„ÀPÅ-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-Tmü V] ºyôh-zÇeïmü 1ü ¤²h-G®ô-n¤-qü 2ü ºyôh-zÇeïm-¾Å-DÞPÅ-ˆÛ-GŸÝP-ŸzÅü 3ü zôh-ˆÛ-GÅô-z-¼ÛG-qºÛ-VïÅ-¤fôºÛ-Ç¨m-qºÛ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅü 4ü hzÞÅ-Ç¨m-¯ÛÅ-DP.ü 5ü zhï-¾ïGÅ-Ç¨m-DP.ü 6ü zôh-Ç¨m-hP-xÛ-¾ÞGÅ-Ç¨m-qºÛ-Ç+Ý-±zü 7ü ºyôh-zÇeïm-Ez-DôPÅ-Ç¨m-DP-DG-GÛ-ºGm-º²Ûm-hP.ºƒï¾-¤fÞh-qü 8ü GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-q-hP-ü hP-„ÀPÅ-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-Tmü 8] ¤WâG-Gmôm-GmP-xôGÅü ±ôGÅ-Vïm-HÛ-¤fº-¤ºÛ-Mz-GZï¼-n¤Å-º²Ûm-BôP-hP-IôÅ-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-¤-ºôPÅ-¾Å-hôm-‚ïh-xôGÅ-ˆÛ-¾¤-Çeôm-hÝ-GmÅ-zzÅhP-zÇeàm-bï-¤WâG-Gmôm-GmP-Mãü 9] ±ôGÅ-iâP.ü ±ôGÅ-iâP-GÛ-¾Å-ºGm-OÛG-Æô¾-¿e¼-±ôGÅ-iâP-¾Å-DÞPÅ-mÅ-ºGm-zŸïÅ-GmP-Mã-hP.ü ¾Å-‚-ºw¼-¤-WÛ-hGôÅ-z;ºÁG-mÅ-Gô-OÛG-ŸÝ-Mã-zTÅü zôh-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-uÛ-¤ôÅ-Å¤-¤P-¤ôÅ-IôÅ-Vôh-hÝ-xÛ-¾ô- 2009 ¹- 9 ±ïÅ- ¾üü üü 6

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

¸Þ¼-º²¼-hP-qôü {}ü üGŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-q-DG-GÛ-¤±m-GŸÝP.ü 1] hzÞÅ-G®P-Vô¾-DºÛ-Mãm-¾Åü 2] ¤hô-Çeôh-Vô¾-DºÛ-Mãm-¾Åü 3] ¤hô-Ç¨h-Vô¾-DºÛ-Mãm-¾Åü 4] zôh-ˆÛ-GŸôm-mÝ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅü 5] zôh-ˆÛ-zÞïh-¿Ëm-±ôGÅü 6] M¾-»ôPÅ-¤P-G®ô-±ôGÅ-qü 7] hGÝ-zTß-GÅÞ¤-±ôGÅ-qü 8] ¤Pº-¼ÛÅ-uÛ-¤fÞm-±ôGÅ-qü 9] Vô¾-GÅÞ¤-VÛG-OÛ¾-±ôGÅ-qü 10] zôh-M¾-»ôPÅ-Vz-ÆÛh-z®ôm-Iô¾-±ôGÅ-qü ¸Þ¼-º²¼-GZÛÅ-qü {}ü ¼P-BôP-Çkï-±m-DG-GÛ-¤±m-GŸÝP.ü 1] zôh-GŸÝP-¹ôÅ-G¼ü 2] zôh-ˆÛ-hqï-¤²ôh-DP.ü 3] ¶×-m-zôh-ˆÛ-G®ßG-¾G-ÇÀôz-GZï¼-DP.ü 4] mô¼-JÀÛP-zôh-ˆÛ-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-GTïÅ-BôP-DP.ü 5] lô¼-JÀÛP-ºW¤-h‚PÅ-zôh-ˆÛ-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-GTïÅ-BôP-DP.ü 6] ¿kÛ-¾Û-zôh-DP.ü 7] zôh-EÛ¤-uÛ-Ez-¾Å-DÞPÅü 8] ¤-ÅÞ-¼Û-zôh-EÛ¤ü 9] Åø-„Ëô-‡-zôh-ÇÀôz-º²Ûm-BôP-DP.ü 10] zôh-ˆÛ-GÅô-z-¼ÛG-qºÛ-VïÅ-¤fôºÛ-Ç¨m-qºÛ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅü 11] hzÞÅ-Ç¨m-¯ÛÅ-DP.ü 7

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

12] 13] 14] 15] 16]

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zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

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zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

GŸm-±ôGÅ-VßP-Åô-ÅôºÛ-Gbm-ºzïzÅ-IôÅ-GŸÛ-PïÅ-Tmü VôÅ-hP-¼ïÛG-GŸÝP.ü GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-Æ-zdmü hq¾-º‚ô¼ü ÁïÅ-»ômü zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-hP-ü M-z¾-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-wÞh-qºÛ-D-fô¼-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-Ç+ô¼-hP-ü ºyôh-zÇeïm-zTÅ-ˆÛ-fôG-h-¿e-¾GzÇe¼-‚ïh-zŸÛm-qºÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-hP-¾Å-ºV¼-DG-¾-hrh-ŸÛz-hrÛÅ-xÛm-q-GmP-Mã-hP-ü ¾ïGÅ-zTôÅ-ˆÛ-zÅ¤-±ß¾-GP-»ôh-ŸÛz±GÅ-zIô-JÀïP-»ôP-Vïh-ZÛm-GZÛÅ-hP-ü hï-XïÅ-ZÛm-GTÛG-¿Ëm-º²ô¤Å-fôG-±ôGÅ-VßP-Åô-ÅôºÛ-zÅ¤-ºV¼-xôGÅ-zÇkô¤Å-Ç‰m-fôDG-Ç‰m-Oôm-hP-zTÅ-Gbm-ºzïzÅ-‚-MãºÛ-hÝÅ-±ôh-¸Þ¼-zTh-»ôhü h-¼ïÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-HÛ-±ôGÅ-VßP-Åô-ÅôºÛ-±ôGÅ-¤Û-n¤Å-Åô-ÅôºÛ¾Å-ºGm-HÛ-Pô-zô-hP-¤fÞm-q-V-zGôÅ-ŸÝÅ-»ôh-q-hP-ü GŸm-±ôGÅ-zT¼-z-n¤Å-hÝÅ-Mãm-hÝ-Åô-ÅôºÛ-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-»ôh-qºÛ-IôÅGŸÛ¼-ºhôh-¤ôÅ-¿e¼-GŸÝG-MãºÛ-Gô-Ç+zÅ-wÞ¾-»ôh-qÅ-¼P-¼P-GÛ-n¤-hrôh-¯¾-hÝ-ºhôm-fÞz-qºÛ-¼ï-z-»ôhü uÛ¼-º²Ûm-BôP-z;ºÁG-mÅ-±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-hzÞ-º‚ïh-Ç+zÅ-ˆÛ-GÅÞP-zÁh-mP-hq¾-¿km-z;º-„Àôm-FÛ-q-¤VôG-mÅ-h-z¼-HÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-º²Ûm-ÇePÅ-hP-¾Åhôm-‚-xôGÅ-Ç+ô¼-ŸÛz-TÛP-MÅ-q-z;º-ÇÀôz-GmP-GÛ-¼ïh-hïü h-hÝP-hÐôGÅ-¤-Vôh-q-»ôh-±ï-±ôGÅ-VßP-Åô-ÅôºÛ-mP-ºƒï¾-»ôh-z;º„Àôm-¤Z¤-ŸÝGÅ-GmP-GÛ-»ôh-®P.hÐôGÅ-ºiÛ-hP-¾m-ºhïzÅ-ˆÛ-Gô-Ç+zÅ-bm-bm-»ôP-GÛ-¼ïhü zÅ¤-±ß¾-GP-GÅÞP-»P-Gmh-hômdôGÅ-qºÛ-fôG-mÅ-GÅÞP-Mã-G¾-Vïü ±ôGÅ-VßP-DG-GÛ-mP-mÅ-mP-ÆÛh-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-Æ-zdm-Ç+ô¼-hP-ü hq¾-º‚ô¼-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-Gmh-hômÇ+ô¼-±ôGÅ-zT¼-z-¤P-zÅ-mP-GÅïÅ-±ôGÅ-VßP-GZÛÅ-ÅÞ-zGô-hGôÅ-‚ãP.ü ±ôGÅ-VßP-hï-±ôºÛ-mP-ºƒï¾-»ôh-z;º-„Àôm-hÝÅ-GTÛGbà-zT¼-fzÅ-¤ïh-qÅ-±ôGÅ-VßP-Åô-ÅôºÛ-±ôGÅ-G®ô-n¤-qÅ-ºƒï¾-»ôh-z;º-„Àôm-hP-Gô-zÇkÝ¼-ŸÝÅ-bï-hÝÅ-±ôh-Gbm-ºzïzÅ-GmPG¾ü ±ôGÅ-Vïm-HÛ-ZÛm-¤fº-¤ºÛ-ÇS-iô¼-xôGÅ-zÇkô¤Å-Ç‰m-fô-Gbm-ºzïzÅ-Iâz-XïÅü ZÛm-Mz-±ôGÅ-Vïm-HÛ-¤WâG-zÇkô¤Å¤²h-ÇKô¼-WÛ-¿e¼-GÅô¾-z-zbz-q-zŸÛm-uÛ-mô¼-&GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-hzÞ-zŸÝGÅ-fôG-xôGÅ-zÇkô¤Å-Ç‰m-fô-Ç‰m-OômŸÝ-z-hP-ºƒï¾ü &GôP-Å-¤VôG-GÛ-z;º-ÇÀôz-¾¤-Çeôm-GÅÞP-GÛ-zhÝh-¯Û-fôz-qºÛ-Ç+¾-z¸P-GÛ-MãºÛ-Gô-Ç+zÅ-ˆP-»ôhü ±ôGÅ-zT¼-z-¤P-qô-ŸÛG-Å-fG-¼ÛP-qô-mÅ-wïzÅ-q¼-zdïm-Ç+Ý-P¾-¤Û-ZÝP-z-ŸÛG-‚ãP-»ôh-ÁG-hP-ü ºhÛ¼-zŸÝGÅ-qºÛ¼ÛP-¾ºP-h;º-P¾-¤Û-ZÝP-z-ŸÛG-ºyh-ÆÛh-qÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-Gô-OÛG-ŸÝ-ÇKô-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-Gmh-hôm-»ôh-¼ÛGÅ-Ç+zÅ-ºy¾-Åô-Åô¼-GôOÛG-±ôGÅ-VßP-GÛ-±ôGÅ-¤Û-hP-±ôGÅ-iâP-¾Å-‚-ÅÞ-¼ÞP-¾-ŸÝ-GmP-»ôP-z-hP-ü P-±ôºÛ-PôÅ-mÅ-h;º-Åï¾-fzÅ-¾¤-GP-fÞz-ŸÝMã-»Ûmü h-¼ïÅ-ˆÛ-±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-ºhÛ-Gô-OÛG-ŸÝ-Vïh-GŸÝP-Iôm-¤P-®¤-ŸÛG-ºIô-GÛ-»ôh-¼ïh-¾ü hï-¤±ßPÅ-±ôGÅ-q-hP-GP-¸G-ÇKï¼¤P-qô-ŸÛG-GÛ-PôÅ-mÅ-ˆP-hÝÅ-±ôh-hP-ºIô-ÅôP-¤P-hG-TÛG-zbP-»ôh-q-hP-ü ¿ËG-hôm-uÛ-mô¼-&GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôGmÅ-fÞGÅ-¼ï-È-TP-Vïm-qô-GmP-zŸÛm-q-zTÅ-Vßh-¸ôÅ-ÅÞ-¤Û-ºIô-z-‚-G¾-Vï-ŸÝ-Mã-zTÅü zôh-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-mÅ-xÛ¾ô- 2010 ¹- 8 ±ïÅ- 26 ¾üü üü 11

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

: xÛ-¾ô- 2010 ¹- 8 ±ïÅ- 26 ZÛm-zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-VïmfïPÅ-hP-qôºÛ-fôG-z;º-ÁG-GÛ-Gb¤-zÁhü {}ü üz;Ý¼-ºôÅ-±ôGÅ-G®ô-¤VôG ¾ô-ºDô¼-¾Å-zÇkô¤Å-±ôGÅ-Vïm-¿ezÞº¤-zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qô-ŸïÅ-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-ºhÝºhÛ¼-±ôGÅ-wïzÅ-GmP-zºÛ-BzÅ-»Þ¾-hGï-ºhÝm-HÛ-Çkï-n¤-qü hq¾-¿kmFÛ¤Å-ŸÛz-q-Vï-z-¤VôG-hP-FÛ¤Å-ŸÛz-q-GŸm-GZÛÅü z;Ý¼-ºôÅ-±ôGÅ-G®ô£ï¾-qôÅ-hzÞÅ-qºÛ-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-n¤-qü xG-£ï¾-z;º-„Àôm-n¤-qü VôÅ-zMãhVïm-qô-zŸÛ-hP-G»ÞP-iâP-zôm-hP-zTÅ-qºÛ-IÔ-z®ßm-HÛ-Ç+Ý-±zü Å-GmÅ-ºfÞÅ±ôGÅ-DG-GÛ-Ç+Ý-±z-hP.Å-GmÅ-¤Û-¤P-GÛ-Ç+Ý-±zü ¼P-zhïm-±ôGÅ-VßP-DGGÛ-Ç+Ý-±zü GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-q-DG-GÛ-Ç+Ý-±zü ÇÀôz-IÔºÛ-ºhÝm-¾¤ÇÀôz-Çeôm-qºÛ-Ç+Ý-±zü ¼P-BôP-Çkï-±m-DG-GÛ-Ç+Ý-±zü zôh-Ç¨m-hP-xÛ-¾ÞGÅÇ¨m-qºÛ-Ç+Ý-±zü zôh-hôm-fôG-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-hP-ºGm-DÞ¼-GmP-¤Dm-HÛ-¤DÅhzP-Vïh-¾Å-q-hP.uÛ-±ôGÅ-ŸzÅ-ŸÝ-z-ÅôGÅ-hÐP-„ÀPÅ-±ôGÅ-¤Û-n¤-qü Ç+Ý¤Iôm-n¤-q-¿Ëm-MÅ-zTÅ-¾-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-z;º-ÁG-GÛÅ-GÝÅ-z¯ïºÛº±¤Å-ºiÛ-hP-z=ÛÅ-zhï-¾ïGÅ-ŸÝ-Mã-»Ûmü hq¾-¿km-zôh-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-z®m-‚ô¾-hÝ-¤P-G®ô-hzÞ-z½‰ïÅ-mÅ-¾ô-¿S-zTß-ºDô¼-zºÛ-hÝÅ-im-hP-zÇeàm-zôhGŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qô-zÇ+ôP-±ôGÅ-GmP-z¼-»Û-¼PÅ-zÇSGÅ-zXôh-hP.ü ±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-hôm-¿km-»ôP-zºÛÇ¨ôm-ºhÝm-ŸÝ-Mã-»Ûmü h-¼ïÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-ºhÛºÛ-mP-Ç+Ý-±z-hôm-GTôh-n¤-q-hP-ü GŸÝP-ŸzÅ-n¤-qü Å-GmÅ-ºGô-º²Ûm-n¤-qü ÇÀôz-IÔºÛ-hGï¾Å-n¤-q-zTÅ-±ôGÅ-¤ÛºÛ-fô-GŸÝP-hÝ-GÅ¾-ºhÝG-ˆP-º²Ûm-BôP-mÅ-hGôPÅ-Fô¾-ŸÝÅ-q-»Ûmü hïºÛ-Mã-¤±m-mÛ-±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-ºhÛG¾-Vï¼-¤-z¯Û-zº¤-IôÅ-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-IôÅ-ºV¼-¾-z¯Û-z;Ý¼-¤-ŸÝÅ-q-¤Ûm-¼ÞP.ü xôGÅ-GTÛG-mÅ-Ç+Ý-±z-hôm-GTôh-hP-ü GŸÝPŸzÅ-¾Å-‚ïhü Å-GmÅ-ºGô-º²Ûm-zTÅ-Å-fG-¼ÛP-qô¼-ZÛm-IPÅ-¤P-zºÛ-±ôGÅ-ºhÝ¼-zT¼-m-jË-Å-¾Å-DÞPÅ-DG-GÛÅ-¤±ômÅô-ÅôºÛ-¾Å-DÞPÅ-mP-ºGm-DÞ¼-fÞz-qºÛ-¾Å-‚ïh-Lm-¼Û¤-¤ïh-q¼-ZÛm-¤P-¾ÞÅ-Mã¼-zdïmü GŸÝP-hôm-ºfÞÅ-Áô¼-ºIô-Zïm-hP.ü ¾Å-‚ïh-q-n¤Å-¾-Vz-ÆÛh-hP-º²Ûm-BôP-GP-fh-Mãm-hÝ-hGôPÅ-ºV¼-GmP-MãºÛ-Gô-Ç+zÅ-»ôh-zŸÛm-q¼-zdïm-±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-ºhÛ12

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

ºiºÛ-Ç+zÅ-xÛ-mÅ-wïzÅ-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-¤Û-n¤Å-¾-hGôPÅ-ºV¼-GmP-MãºÛ-Gô-Ç+zÅ-¤P-z-ºzÞ¾-hGôÅ-qü hï-ÇSôm-±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-DGbà-GŸÝP-ŸzÅ-¤P-zÅ-¤Û-¤P-Ç+Ý-±z-n¤-q¼-Gmôm-ÁÝGÅ-‚ãP-z-hP.ü Gô-Ç+zÅ-WÛ-zŸÛm-¤-fôz-qºÛ-hGôPÅ-±ß¾-‚ãP-zü GŸÝPIôm-zÆÛ-±GÅ-zTÅ-G¾-VïºÛ-Mã-¤±m-zŸÛ-¾-zdïm-mÅ-hGôPÅ-Fô¾-ŸÝÅ-q-zŸÛm-hGôPÅ-q-z°¾-Åôm-‚ãP-z¼-fÞGÅ-Xï-Vï-ŸÝ-Mã»Ûmü ±ôGÅ-Vïm-ºhÛºÛ-IôÅ-GŸÛºÛ-mP-Vz-ÆÛh-hP-ü ¤P-G®ô-ºwï¾-MÅü VôÅ-hP-¼ÛG-GŸÝP.ü GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-Æ-zdmü ÁïÅ-»ômü ºyôh-zÇeïmü hq¾-º‚ô¼ü zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-hP.ü M-z¾-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-wÞh-D-fô¼-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-GmÅ-ÇePÅ-Ç+ô¼ü zôh-hôm-zhïm¤fº-GÅ¾-fzÅ-hP.ü z®m-‚ô¾-hÝ-¤P-G®ô-hzÞ-z½‰ïÅ-mÅ-¾ô-¿S-zTßºÛ-ºhÅ-qºÛ-Z¤Å-¥ôP-¾-zÇeàm-¤-ºôPÅ-¾ïGÅ-Çtï¾-‚-xôGÅWÛ-hGïºÛ-Ç+ô¼-zTÅ-zŸG-GmP-ºhÝG GmÅ-±ß¾-ºhÛ-hG-w¾-Vï¼-º²Ûm-BôP-hP-ºƒï¾-z-VGÅ-q¼-ÅôP.ü h-¿eºÛ-GmÅ-zz-¤hô¼zÇkÝÅ-¼ï-Ç‰m-GÅm-ŸÝ-G¾-Vï-z-hP.ü hïºÛ-Vïh-hÝ-Gô-Ç+zÅ-GmP-z¼-z;Ý¼-ºôÅ-±ôGÅ-G®ô-¤VôG-¾-fÞGÅ-Xï-Vï-ŸÝ-Mã-»Ûmü uÛ-mô¼-&GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Ç+Ý-yïP-zTß-zŸÛ-q-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-GÛ-fÞGÅ-Xï-hP-z=Ûm-ZG-GTÛG-¾-zdïm-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-OÛGº²âGÅ-hP.ü uÛ-±ôGÅü ÁïÅ-»ômü ºyôh-zÇeïm-ÅôGÅ-ÇKô-GP-Å-mÅ-BzÅ-zTô¾-z-GŸm-hP-¤Û-ºi-zºÛ-¤Û-Ç¨ôm-¼P-BÛh-¿e-zÞ»ôh-mºP.ü zôh-hôm-zhïm-¤fº-GÅ¾-¤Ûm-hP.ü z®m-‚ô¾-zºÛ-GmÅ-zz-h-¤ÞÅ-zŸÛm-Mãm-GmÅ-fÞz-¤Ûm-uÛ¼-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-uÛ-¤fÞmHÛ-zÅôh-m¤Å-hP.ü ¿ËG-q¼-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-zÅ¤-uôh-¾-¼G-¾Å-q-hP.ü xÛ-¾ô- 1959 mÅ-z¸ÞP- 1970 hôm-IPÅz¼-z®m-‚ô¾-zºÛ-º±ô-z-hP.ü uÛ-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-GmÅ-zz-GP-Å-mÅ-fôG-¤ºÛ-h;º-½‰ôG-DG-¼Û¤-Åï¾-HÛÅ-zdm-¿ËÛP-GP-¾ïGÅ-‚ãP»ôh-mºP.ü xÛ-¾ô- 1980 H-IPÅ-mÅ-z¸ÞP-ü ¿ËG-q¼-ºhÅ-¤-fG-qºÛ-¾ô-zTô-¿S-ZÛ-ÁÝºÛ-mP-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-¤Û-ºzô¼-hPü zÅ¤-„Àô-ºEï¼-xôGÅü uôh-¾¤ü wÞGÅ-h¤ÛGÅ-z¸ÞP-xôGÅ-ÅôGÅ-GP-TÛºÛ-fôG-ºHã¼-z-ÁÝGÅ-Vï-ŸÛG-‚ãP-hP-»ôP-zŸÛm-qhï-hG-GÛ-fôG-h-¼ïÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-ºhÛºÛ-mP-hrh-ŸÛz-hP-z;º-zÇkÝ¼-GmP-Mã-G¾-Vï-¤fôP-GÛ-ºhÝG GP-¾GÅ-Áï-mü ºHã¼-ºIôÅhï-hG-h-¿e-mÅ-zôh-¤Û-¤Û-¼ï-Pô-¼ïÅ-Gô-dôGÅ-hP-PôÅ-º²Ûmü GhôP-¾ïm-±h-¿km-ŸÛG-GmP-¤-fÞz-m-º‚ãP-ºHã¼-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-uÛ-hP.ü Eh-q¼-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-¾Å-hzP-¾-wm-Gmôh-ÁÝGÅ-Vï-ºƒï¾-Mã¼-PïÅ-qÅü h-¿eºÛ-IôÅ-GŸÛ-DG-GÛ-fôG-z;º-zÇkÝ¼-hP-hGôPÅºV¼-WÛ-®¤-GmP-»P-m¤-ŸÛG-ºƒï¾-¤ïh-VGÅ-MãºÛ-Zïm-D-ºhÝG ºHã¼-ºIôÅ-hï-hG-GÛ-mP-G¾-Gmh-Vï-¼ÛGÅ-DG-¼ôz-®¤ŸÝÅ-mü 1] ¤Û-ºzô¼ü Å-ÇeïP-ºhÛ¼-ºIô-z-¤ÛºÛ-‚ãP-¼zÅ-ˆÛ-mP.ü VôÅ-hP-¼ÛG-GmÅ-¾ïGÅ-‚P-zTÅ-ˆÛ-fôG-ºzÞ¼-fôm-HÛ-¾G-XïÅ-»ôh-qºÛ-zôh-¤Û-¼ÛGÅˆÛ-IPÅ-ºzô¼-mÛ-Å-Eôm-¾-¿eôÅ-qºÛ-È-TP-ZÝP-PÞ-Å-»-iâG-¾Å-¤-zL¾-z-ŸÛG-bà-GmÅ-q-hP.ü xÛ-¾ô- 1949 mÅ-z¸ÞP-z®mº²â¾-ºGôG-Lô¾-hP-ü Hïm-¾PÅ-¸ÛP-ºFâGÅü ¯h-ŸÛz-iG-Gmômü ¼ÛG-GmÅ-GÅ¼-zXï-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-Ç+zÅ-zôh-¤Û-wôm-Vï-Aïm13

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

¾¤-hÝ-ÅôP-ŸÛP.ü ZÝP-ÁÅ-z®m-‚ô¾-hÝ-º‚ô¼-zü hïºÛ-XïÅ-Bï-ÇKô-z;G-qºÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-zTÅ-ˆÛ-ºôG-xÛ-¾ô- 2000 ¾ôºÛ-M-mG-¤Ûh¤PÅ-uÛ-¤fÞm-M¾-Dz-ˆÛ-¤Û-ºzô¼-IPÅ-zÁï¼-Ç+zÅ-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-¤Û-IPÅ- 5416034 ¾Å-¤ïh-q-hP.ü z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-mP-xÛ-¾ô- 1987-89 z¼-yâ-GÝ-Bï-ºwï¾-±h-GŸÛ- (TFR) 4-9 »Ûm-»P- 1998 ¾ô¼-¤Û-ºzô¼-IPÅzÁï¼-Ç+zÅ- 1-22 z¼-¤¼-VG-q-hP.ü 2009 ¾ôºÛ-¤Û-ºzô¼-IPÅ-zÁï¼-GZÛÅ-qºÛ-Ç+zÅ-Bï-ºwï¾-±h-GŸÛ- 1-18 z¼-VGºhÝG GmÅ-±ß¾-ºhÛ-¾-¤HôGÅ-¥ã¼-z¸P-xôGÅ-ˆÛ-ºHã¼-z-¤-xÛm-m-º‚ãP-ºHã¼-¾ô-¿S-zTßºÛ-mP-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-IPÅ-ºzô¼zM-V- 40 mÅ- 45 z¼-®¤-ZÝP-hÝ-ºIô-Mãü h-»ôh-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-ÇÀôz-IÔ-¤P-qôºÛ-h¤º-¼Û¤-º²Ûm-IÔ-ÇKô-zMzÅ-¸Ûm-TÛP-ü º‚ãPºHã¼-ÇÀôz-IÔ-DG-¼Û¤-zŸÛm-ÇKô-fïzÅ-Mãü z¼-Ç+zÅ-hGôm-Çkï-hP-ÇÀôz-IÔ-DG-bà-zôh-mÅ-GÅ¼-º‚ô¼-GP-®¤-»ôP-zŸÛm-»ôh-¼ÞP-xÛ-¾ô- 2008 XïÅ-GÅ¼-º‚ô¼-WïZÝP-hÝ-xÛm-q-hP.ü º‚ãP-ºHã¼-GmÅ-±ß¾-WÛ-VGÅ-zXôh-h;ºü M-G¼-®¤-¤-GbôGÅ-M¾-Dz-GŸm-hÝ-GmÅ-Çkôh-zôh-¤Û-±P-¤Å-GmÅ-»Þ¾-Åô-ÅôºÛ-»Þ¾-¤Û-¤-‚Å-fzÅ-¤ïh-¾-zdïmü º‚ãPºHã¼-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-xÛ-Çkôh-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-Pô-zô¼-ºHã¼-bï-z®m-‚ô¾-z-GTÛG-ˆP-¤ïh-qºÛ-GmÅ-Ç+zÅ-ˆP-»ôPPïÅ-q-hP.ü hï-ºi-‚ãP-Ç+zÅ-zôh-ˆÛ-¯-hôm-ºfz-¯ôh-hP.ü z®m-‚ô¾-OÛG-º²âGÅ-DG-zTÅ-h-¿eºÛ-GmÅ-zz-hP-¤Û-ºi-z-ŸÛGbà-ºHã¼-Mã-¸Þ¼-z¿eÅ-¾ïz-¤fôP-hÝ-GmÅü 2] ÁïÅ-»ômü &GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qôºÛ-z=Ûm-ZG-GTÛG-¾Å-M-z¾-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-hÝ-GmÅ-qºÛ-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-m-GŸôm-»ôPÅ-¾-GŸÛ¼Û¤-hP-¤fô-¼Û¤-ÁïÅ-»ôm-ÇÀôz-¢ôP-GÛ-Gô-Ç+zÅ-ºIm-¹-¤ïh-q-ŸÛG-fôz-Çeï-zôh-yâG-GTÛG-ˆP-ÇÀôz-¢ôP-GÛ-Gô-Ç+zÅ-¤-fôz-q-¤ïh-mºP.ü GŸÛ-¼Û¤-ÇÀôz-fôm-q-n¤Å-ˆÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-GmÅ-±h-hP-MãGÅ-vôh-zM-V-h¤º-zÅ-Vïh-¾Å-q-hP-¼ÛGÅ-GTÛG-@P-º²Ûm-HÛ-Eh-¾Åq-h;ôm-D¼ü Gmº-hïP-GÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-GZÛÅ-;ºÛ-Pô-¤fôP-®¤-¾Å-¤f¼-Åôm-q-VïÅ-h;ôm-q-hP.ü hïP-¼zÅ-hP-hïP-¼zÅ-ÁïÅ»ôm-HÛ-z¸P-xôGÅ-ˆÛ-»ôm-bm-n¤Å-¤-ºGôÅ-q¼-Ÿm-V-n¤Å-ºGôÅ-q-;Ým-HÛ-G¸ÛGÅ-¾¤-hÝ-Hã¼-zŸÛm-q-ºhÛ-hP.ü 3] GŸm-zdïm-hP-NÛïh-¾ÞG-GÛ-zÅ¤-„Àôü &GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qôºÛ-½ÀzÅ-Vïm-HÛ-ºyÛm-¾Å-¾-zdïm-zôh-¤Û-z®m-‚ô¾-z-n¤Å-BzÅ-zTô¾-hÝ-º‚ô¼-z-mÅ-z¸ÞP-Á¼mÝz-ˆÛ-M¾-Dz-¤P-qôºÛ-GŸÝP-¤P-hP.ü ±ôGÅ-Çkïü ÇKï¼-DG-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-zôh-¤Û¼-GhÝP-Åï¤Å-¤Z¤-zBïh-ˆÛÅ-¼ôGÅ-Bô¼-ÁÝGÅVï-GmP-z¼-zdïm-¸Å-GôÅ-GmÅ-¤¾-ÁïÅ-»ôm-ºyôh-zÇeïm-GP-Å-mÅ-¤fÞm-Aïm-ºzh-¤ïh-¿Ëàm-ºIâz-»ôh-q-hïÅ-Pm-¾PÅ-¿e-zÞÅh-V-GŸm-»Þ¾-hÝ-º‚ô¼-mÅ-¾ô-¿S-zTß-P-GTÛG-zL¾-»P-h-hÝP-¼ôGÅ-Bô¼-º±ô¾-zºÛ-GŸm-zdïm-HÛ-zÅ¤-„Àô-hP.ü h;º-P¾-WÛ14

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

ºyh-z®m-‚ô¾-OÛG-º²âGÅ-ˆÛÅ-zÅ¾-hGôÅ-qºÛ-GŸm-zdïm-HÛ-zÅ¤-„Àô-ÇS¼-¾Å-ÁÝGÅ-Vï¼-Hã¼-q-¤-¸hü º±ô-fzÅ-ˆP-Åôm¤-ŸÛP-¾Å-¿e-zÞ-¾ÞÅ-ˆÛ-P¾-¯ô¾-hGôÅ-¼ÛGÅ-¾-NÛh-¾ÞG-hP-h¤m-º²Ûm-HÛÅ-@P-¾G-ºGÝ¾-zBôh-¤Û-hGôÅ-qºÛ-º±ô-fzÅ-¾-Q¤Åq-hP.ü ¾¤-fG-fÞP-PÞºP-Gô¤-zIôh-‚ïh-ºhôh-¤ïh-qºÛ-¾ï-¾ôºÛ-Gô¤Å-GÁÛÅ-ÁÛG-zôh-¤Û-w¾-Vï¼-¾-ºWGÅ-¸Ûm-qü 4] ºhôh-Q¤Åü &GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qôºÛ-Ç+Ý-iÛm-¾Å-M-z¾-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-hÝ-GmÅ-qºÛ-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤Û-±ô¼-Åô-ÅôÅ-ºzh-z¯ôm-fÞz-m-¤fºGZÛÅ-ÅÞ-¤-¿ËàP-zºÛ-º±ô-fzÅ-ÁÛG-½‰ïh-fÞz-q-¤-¸hü zôh-¤Û-¤Û-ZÝP-z-ŸÛG-hPôÅ-»ôh-hGôÅ-¤Dô-ºhP-PïÅ-ˆÛ-hq¾-º‚ô¼-ºhÝ-ºGôhfÞz-q-VGÅ-»ôh-ˆP.ü hïÅ-ºhôh-„Àô-¤-±Û¤Å-q¼-mÝz-xôGÅ-M¾-Dz-DG-bà-zBôh-Åï¤Å-ºzº-ŸÛG-zTPÅ-bï-¼P-ZÛh-hP-uÛ-±ôGÅGZÛÅ-;¼-¿ËÛP-ºWGÅ-¤ïh-qºÛ-ºIô-Åï¤Å-hP-ü ¾G-bà-»ôh-qºÛ-‚ïh-ÇKô-n¤Å-ºfÞÅ-Áô¼-zbP-zü 5] z¸P-uôh-Z¤Å-VG GôP-Ç¨ôÅ-ˆÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾-hï-hG-¾-zdïm-mÅ-M-z¾-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-hÝ-GmÅ-qºÛ-zôh-¤Û-È-TP-¤P-qôÅ-FÛ¤Å-¤fÞm-¤Ûm-q¼-xÛ-M¾-hÝ-zBôhfzÅ-ˆÛ-ºhôh-Q¤Å-¾-zdïm-mÅ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-fÞm-¤Ûm-HÛ-Eh-VôÅ-z¸P-uôh-hô¼-mÅ-µâm-hP-G»ô-Nåü ¿+ôG-Qm-vôh-¾ïmü GŸm-¾¤Gô-Ç+ô¼-GbôP-fzÅ-ÅôGÅ-‚Å-q-¤-¸hü zôh-¤Û-¼P-GÛ-Fôh-mÅ-±h-¾Å-zL¾-zºÛ-hPÞ¾-ºzz-„ÀPÅ-bï-xÛ-zBôh-»ÛG-V-µâm-z¸ô‚ïh-¤Dm-»P-Wï-¤P-hÝ-ºIô-z-zTÅ-¾-zdïmü ¾¤-ºIô-¤-MãGÅ-q-¤P-qô-zÞ-¾ôm-vôh-dïm-ƒ¾-zü z®ôm-DP-hÝ-±ßh-qü «ôm-qVGÅ-qü ¼P-ÁÛ-zMzÅ-qü ÁÝ¾-Çkôh-GZïm-Zï-zÞm-ºôG-bà-zTßG-q-ÅôGÅ-ÇKï¼-Åô-Åô¼-h;º-P¾-Ç¨ôÅ-¤ïh-fôG zôh-¼ÛGÅ-»ôPÅˆÛ-¤±m-¤fôP-hP-V-ºWôG-¯-¤ïh-zbP-Çeï-hïP-Ç+zÅ-fôPÅ-¤Vm-ŸÝ-»Þ¾-GŸÝP-±z-DG-hP.ü Gm¤-fP.ü Å-¤±¤Å-ˆÛ-ºzz±ßGÅ-ÅôGÅ-GP-hÝ-xÛm-»P-zôh-¤Û-»Ûm-xÛm-G»ô-F¤-Áôh-¤Dm-»Ûm-ÁG-GÛÅ-»Ûh-hÐôGÅ-‚-»Þ¾-hÝ-Hã¼-q-hP.ü ÁïÅ-»ôm-hP-¼ÛGGŸÝP.ü GŸÝP-hP-uÛ-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-¾Å-hôm-G¾-VïºÛ-Vïh-xÛ-zBôh-hGôÅ-¼ÛGÅ-n¤Å-¾ºP-fôPÅ-¤Vm-ºfôz-h;¼-Hã¼-q-¤-¸hü ¤fôPVßP-hP-h¤º-ºzïzÅ-Eh-GÅôh-ˆÛ-»Þ¾-hÝ-»P-»P-Hã¼-q-hP.ü GŸm-»P-m-GŸôm-Fôh-¥ôÅ-µÅ-Pm-Gô¤Å-hP-ºV¾-uôh-¾-zdïm-qºÛ-mh-¼ÛGÅ-Ço-±ôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-¼P-ZÛh-hP-uÛ-±ôGÅ-GZÛÅ-;ºÛzhï-ºWGÅ-hP.ü ºyôh-zÇeïmü Vï-¤fôP-zTÅ-¾-Gmôh-GŸÛ¼-Hã¼-qü 6] Vz-ÆÛh-ˆÛ-Gô-dôGÅ-hP-ºV¼-ÇoP-Ÿm-qü Åï¤Å-ÁÝGÅ-hP-hô-DÞ¼-Vï-zºÛ-m-GŸôm-¤P-»P-hï-hG-M¾-uÛ-hP-ü M-mG-GÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-ˆÛ-GmÅ-zz-hP-ºHã¼-ºIôÅ-¾-Gô-dôGÅVßP-ŸÛP.ü Gmh-hôm-n¤Å-xôGÅ-»ôPÅ-mÅ-zdG-hrh-ŸÛz-ºWâG-¤-fÞz-q¼-ÇoP-z-GhôP-hïh-hP-ü Åï¤Å-±ô¼-Dô-m¼-zdïm15

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

qºÛ-¿e-xôGÅ-hP-‚ïh-xôGÅ-Iâz-ºƒÅ-¤ïh-TÛP-Mãm-GmÅ-¤Û-fÞz-qºÛ-¼ÛGÅ-¾-È¼-MãGÅü »P-m-¼P-¤ÛP-GÅ¼-ºHã¼-zMãh-¾¤DG-bà-fôm-q-®¤-Iâz-ºƒÅ-ÅÞ-½Àô¤-qºP-¤Û-ZÝP-z-ŸÛG-»ôh-q-hï-hG-GÛ-¿ËG-zÅ¤-¾-Bôm-¤ïh-ˆP.ü ¤WâG-ºƒÅ-wm-¤ïh-Gmôh-Bï¾¾¤ü »P-m-P¾-z-hôm-¤ïh-hÝ-ÅôP-z-»ôP-zŸÛm-q-hP.ü hPôÅ-hôm-¤-dôGÅ-ÁÛP-„Àô-M-VßP-zºÛ-zÅ¤-±ß¾-»-¤±m-Tmü hqï¼m-&GôP-Å-¤VôG-¤P-±ôGÅ-hP-ºiïÅ-mÅ-ÆP-z¼-HÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-hzÞ-FÛh-¤²h-hGôÅ-ŸÝÅ-q-¿e-zÞ-ÅÞÅ-ˆP-„Àô-»Þ¾-hÝ-¤Û-ÁôP-zºÛºV¼-ÇoP-»ôh-¤Dm-Wï-¤P-hÝ-ºIô-zŸÛm-qü ¤hô-hôm-zôh-ˆÛ-¯-hôm-ÇÀh-Vz-ÆÛh-ˆÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-ÆP-z¼-hÝ-Q¤-Çeôm-Ç+h-ºzôh-Dô-m¾Å-Mãm-BôP-ºzh-¯ô¾-hP.ü h;º-uh-hGôÅ-qºÛ-Oæz-xôGÅ-ˆÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-Çtï¾-MãºÛ-zÅ¤-„Àô-hP.Vôh-Åï¤Å-¤ïh-q-zTÅü GôPz;ôh-ˆÛ-GmÅ-zz-DG-¾-zôh-¤Û-¤Û-¼ï-Pô-¼ïÅ-ºGm-DÞ¼-»ôh-qºÛ-fôG-mÅ-zÅ¤-ŸÛz-hP-„ÀP-hô¼-ŸÛG-¤-‚ãP-m-m¤-ŸÛG-z®m-‚ô¾zôh-¤ÛºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-ºfô¼-ŸÛG-hP.ü h-¿eºÛ-M-mG-¤Û-h¤PÅ-uÛ-¤fÞm-M¾-Dz-ˆÛ-ºGô-FÛh-±ôÅ-±ôh-hqG-‚Å-q-¿e¼-m¤-ŸÛG-zôhˆÛ-¯-hôm-¼P-»¾-hÝ-ºIô-zºÛ-Zïm-D-¤ïh-q-¤Ûm-q-hP.ü ¿ËG-q¼-hïP-Ç+zÅ-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤Û-xÛ¼-ºGÝGÅ-‚ïh-fzÅ-hP.ü zôhÅ-»ôPÅ-ÅÞ-hq¾-º‚ô¼-»¼-MÅ-hP.ü ¤Û-ºzô¼-Çtô-ÁÝGÅ-ˆÛ-¾¤-mÅ-zôh-ˆÛ-Gmh-hôm-¯-¤ïh-GbP-MãºÛ-ºV¼-GŸÛ-¿km-qºÛ-ÆÛh‚ãÅ-ºhÛ-¾¤-¿ËôP-»ôP-Mã¼-xÛ-Çkôh-zôh-¤ÛÅ-¤fÞm-ºHã¼-‚ïh-¤Û-ÆÛh-q-¤Ûm-q-»ôP-Zïm-Vïü hï-hP-hï-ºiºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-ºHã¼-ºIôÅ-n¤Å-ˆÛ-Ç+ô¼-h-¼ïÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-ºhÛºÛ-fôG-Z¤Å-ŸÛz-IôÅ-zÇkÝ¼-GmP-fzÅ-‚ãP-±ï-ºy¾wÞGÅ-GZÛÅ-Ç¨m-»ôP-¼ïü hï-mÅ-GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-IôÅ-GŸÛºÛ-mP.ü hP-qôü Vz-ÆÛh-ˆÛ-fhü xÛ-¾ô- 1974 mÅ-h-z¼-Mãm-º²Ûm-GmP-zŸÛm-qºÛ-GZÛÅ-Ç¨m-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-HÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-ˆÛ-Oô¤-GŸÛ-ºHã¼-¤ïh-fôG-ŸÛz-VºÛ-mPhôm-DG-hÝÅ-zÇeàm-HÛ-ºHã¼-z-¼Û¤-ÅôP-n¤Å-ˆÛ-¤fº-hôm-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-»ôPÅ-¾-¤ÛP-hôm-¤±ßPÅ-qºÛ-¼P-BôP-»ôP-fzÅ-ˆÛ-zÅ¤ºV¼-hP.ü hïºÛ-ºIï¾-zXôh-»ÛG-V-GZÛÅ-ˆÛ-mP-GÅ¾-ºDôh-»ôh-q-hP.ü xÛ-¾ô- 2008 ¹- 11 mP-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-±ôGÅ-VïmzMãh-¤P-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-±h-¤fôºÛ-¤P-¤ôÅ-hP.ü ºhÛ-¾ô-xÛ-¹-GÅÞ¤-qºÛ-mP-IôÅ-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-uÛ-¤ôÅ-Mz-Bô¼-»ôh-q-zTÅ-¾-zdïm-GmÅÇ+zÅ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-¾PÅ-xôGÅ-Ç+ô¼-¤P-±ôGÅ-¾-zB¼-hÝ-IôÅ-ºiÛ-ŸÝ-zºÛ-hGôÅ-G¾-¤-¤fôP.ü ¾G-zÇe¼-ŸÝ-xôGÅ-fh-hôm-wm-»ôhqºÛ-¾¤-Çeôm-‚ãP-m-hGº-zÅÞ-ŸÝ-Mã-hP.ü h-¿e-P-±ôÅ-Mãm-BôP-ŸÝ-zŸÛm-qºÛ-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-HÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-ˆÛ-‚ãP-¼Û¤-hP-Pô-zô-Iâz-ºƒÅzTÅ-ˆÛ-Ç+ô¼-¤P-±ôGÅ-ÅÞ-GÅ¾-z=ô¾-Vïh-»ÛG-V-ºIï¤Å-Çtï¾-ŸÝÅ-»ôhü M¾-uÛºÛ-mP-¤P-±ôGÅ-hP-GŸÝP-DG-GÛ-Mz-Bô¼-±h-¤fô-hP-Mãm-GmÅ-»ôP-fzÅü M-¼ÛGÅ-¤P-±ôGÅ-hP-ºƒï¾-z-MzBïh-GbôP-fzÅ-hP.ü h-¿eºÛ-M-mG-GÛ-GŸÝP-hP-GŸÝP-±z-DG-¾-GP-‚ãP-ºƒï¾-z-¤Û-‚ïh-q-ÅôGÅ-Å-GmÅ-GP-Å¼-»ôh-qºÛ¤Û-¤P-GÛÅ-GmP-fÞz-qºÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-¾Å-hôm-n¤-¤P-ŸÛG-»ôh-q-n¤Å-¾-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-hGôÅ-G¾-hP.ü Oæz-xôGÅ-ˆÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-Çtï¾fzÅ-¾-Gô-zÇkÝ¼-hGôPÅ-ºV¼-‚ãP-m-wm-fôGÅ-»ôP-PïÅü 16

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

GZÛÅ-qü ¤P-G®ô-ºwï¾-MÅ-Ç+ô¼ü º²Ûm-BôP-GÛÅ-¤P-G®ôºÛ-ºwï¾-¼Û¤-BzÅ-zTô¾-zºÛ-GmÅ-zz-¾-GŸÛGÅ-qºÛ-±h-¤fô-GP-¾ïGÅ-»ôh-q¼-PôÅ-º²Ûm-ŸÝÅ-ˆÛ-»ôhü h-hÝP-GŸÛ-¼Û¤-¤P-±ôGÅ-ÅÞ-¤P-G®ôºÛ-Gô¤Å-GÁÛÅ-hP-ü uÛ-ºfÞÅ-ˆÛ-GmÅ-±hü Å-GmÅ-ºfÞÅ-±ôGÅ-hP-Å-ºGô-ºôÅ-ºhï¤ÅÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-Ç+ô¼-»¼-MÅ-GbôP-xôGÅ-ˆÛ-hGôPÅ-ºV¼-‚ãP-m-hôm-wm-»ôP-Mãü hïP-Ç+zÅ-P¾-GÅôºÛ-ŸzÅ-ÇeïGÅ-fôG-mÅ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-¤P-G®ôºÛ-Ç+ô¼-¤±¼-ÇoP-z=-zºÛ-hGôPÅ-ºV¼-¤P-qô-hP.ü ¿ËG-q¼&GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qôºÛ-hzÞ-FÛh-¾-¿eôÅ-¤Û-hGôÅ-qºÛ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-¤P-G®ô-ŸÛG-hGôÅ-±ß¾-GÅÞP-¤Dm-¼ï-¸ÞP-»ôP-zŸÛm-ºhÝGmü hï-hG-¾-GŸÛ-¼Û¤-¤P-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-G¸ÛGÅ-±ß¾-WÛ-»Ûm-GÅ¾-Çeôm-GmP-G¾-Vï-z-¤fôP.ü GÅÞ¤-qü VôÅ-hP-¼ÛG-GŸÝP.ü VôÅ-hP-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-GÛ-º²Ûm-BôP-mÛ-¤Û-ÇKï¼-Åô-Åô-hP.ü VôÅ-Çkï-DG VôÅ-±ôGÅ-DG-zTÅ-ˆÛÅ-G®ô-zô¼-GmP-hGôÅ-q-¾Åü GŸÝPGÛÅ-hï-®¤-mÝÅ-¯¾-zbôm-Mã-¤ïh-mºP.ü z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-VôÅ-¼ÛG-¾Å-DÞPÅ-ˆÛÅ-VôÅ-xôGÅ-ˆÛ-Çkï-DG-hP-ºƒï¾-¤fÞh-hPü VôÅ-ˆÛ-hzÞ-FÛh-n¤-qºÛ-VôÅ-±ôGÅ-Gô-OÛG fôÅ-zÅ¤-ÇÀôz-GZï¼-hP-ÇKô¤-Oæz-Z¤Å-¾ïm-»¼-MÅ-GbôP-xôGÅ-¾-¼¤-ºhïGÅ®¤-ŸÝ-zŸÛm-q-»Ûmü z®m-‚ô¾-hÝ-º‚ô¼-mÅ-h-z¼-GŸÝP-Iôm-zbP-mÅ-zŸïPÅ-qºÛ-hGôm-q-¿Ë-DP.Ç+Ý-GÅÞP-fÞGÅ-dïm-ÅôGÅ-GTÛGˆP-¤ïh-¼ÞP.ü z®m-‚ô¾-hÝ-IÔ-z®ßm-ÇSGÅ-GÅÞ¤-HÛ-VôÅ-Çkï-hP-¿Ë-DP.ü Ç+Ý-GÅÞP-fÞGÅ-dïm-zÅ¤-»Þ¾-¾Å-ºhÅ-q-ŸÛG-»ôh-qhï-hG-„À-Vïm-DG-hP.ü ºhÝÅ-Çkï-DG ¤Dm-„À-hP-¢Ûm-zhG-n¤Å-ˆÛÅ-¼P-ºGÝ¾-HÛÅ-zŸïPÅ-q-Á-ÇeG-»Ûmü M-z¾-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-mP-VôÅ-¼ÛG-¾Å-DÞPÅ-hP-ºƒï¾-z-»ôh-qºÛ-VôÅ-¾ÞGÅ-¼ÛÅ-¤ïh-ˆÛ-hGôm-q- 209 hP.ü z®ßm-hGôm17 zTÅ-»ôhü hï-hG-GÛ-mP-IÔ-q- 27628 hP-z®ßm-¤- 1696 »ôhü M¾-uÛºÛ-mP-¼ÛÅ-¤ïh-VôÅ-zMãh-DG-GÛ-VôÅ-±ôGÅ623 hP-ºƒï¾-z-»ôhü VôÅ-Çkï-DG-bà-fôÅ-zÅ¤-»¼-MÅ-hP.ü hzP-¾ÞP-h;ôm-¼ÛGÅ-Ez-Çtï¾ü zôh-¤Û-¤P-±ôGÅ-¾-VôÅ-ˆÛGô-dôGÅ-Çtï¾-zºÛ-zIô-JÀïP-ÅôGÅ-¾-¤fÞm-ºHã¼-GP-fÞz-ŸÝ-zŸÛm-q-hP.ü ¼ÛÅ-¤ïh-VôÅ-Çkï-DG-bà-zôh-mÅ-GÅ¼-wïzÅ-IÔ-z®ßm- 7139 hP-¼Þ-ÅôG-IÔ-z®ßm- 93 zTÅ-¾-º±ô-Çoôm-ÇeôP-¤Ûm-®¤-¼ï-ºzÞ¾-¤ÞÅ-fôG ‚-ƒ¾-z-hP-IÔ-z®ßm-D-fô¼-º±ô-P¾-Tm- 204 ¾º±ô-Çoôm-ºzÞ¾-zŸÛm-q-»Ûmü z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-zÇeÛ-GmÅ-jË-Å-GPÅ-BÛh-hÝ-»ÛG-¤²ôh-GÅ¼-º²âGÅ-ˆÛ-¾Å-GŸÛ-VôÅ-¼ÛG-¾Å-DÞPÅ-ˆÛÅ-¿e-BôP-ŸÝ-¤ÞÅ»Ûmü VôÅ-¼ÛG-GÛ-ŸÝ-hôm-G¾-Vï-GŸm-ŸÛG-mÛ-zôh-ˆÛ-VôÅ-¾ÞGÅ-VôÅ-zMãh-»ôPÅ-ˆÛ-Ç+Ý-±z-»ôh-qºÛ-VôÅ-¼ÛG-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-ÁÛG-GÅ¼-º²âGÅ‚-MãºÛ-FÛ¤Å-»ÛG-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-mÅ-Gbm-ºzïzÅ-¸Ûm-q-¿e¼-¾G-¾ïm-ºDï¾-fzÅ-ŸÝ-zŸÛm-»ôhü hï-zŸÛm-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-GTïÅ17

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

BôP-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-±ôGÅ-Çkï-hP-ÇKï¼-DG-zTÅ-¾-¤fÞm-ºHã¼-hP-ü VôÅ-¾ÞGÅ-VôÅ-zMãh-hzÞ-FÛh-„À-Vïm-n¤Å-ˆÛ-VôÅ-±ôGÅÇS-XïÅ-ˆÛ-IôÅ-Vôh-VôÅ-¼ÛG-¾Å-DÞPÅ-mÅ-¾G-zÇe¼-ŸÝ-hGôÅ-¼ÛGÅ-ŸÝ-zŸÛm-q-»Ûmü zŸÛ-qü GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-Æ-zdmü Ç+zÅ-zTÛßÅ-qºÛ-z;º-ÁG-GÛÅ-M-z¾-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-hÝ-»ôh-qºÛ-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-uÛ-hP.ü Eh-q¼-M-G¼-DÞ¾-»ôh-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-Vï-DGÆ-zdm-hP-GŸÛÅ-¤Û-D-ºfô¼-¤Û-ºIô-zºÛ-Vïh-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-Åô-ÅôºÛ-mP-º±ô-fzÅ-hP-hq¾-º‚ô¼-ºhÝ-ºGôh-»¼-MÅ-GbôP-fzÅü m-GŸôm-n¤Å-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-mP-P¤-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-ˆÛ-fG-Zï-ºƒï¾-¤±ßPÅ-ÅÞ-º±ô-dïm-½‰ïh-fzÅ-zTÅ-¾-ºzh-z¯ôm-‚Å-q-»Ûmü hïºÛVïhü ;] Åô-m¤-hP-z¸ô-¾Å-»¼-MÅü D] ¤Z¤-ºƒï¾-¼ôGÅ-Bô¼ü G] m-GŸôm-¾Å-¤ïh-¿e-BôP-zTÅ-ˆÛ-zMãh-ºzhz¯ôm-ŸÝÅ-ÁÛP.ü zôh-¤ÛºÛ-GŸÛÅ-ÇK¼-Vï-DG-Åô-m¤-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-»Ûm-ÇezÅü Bï-¿km-Åô-m¤-HÛ-¾Å-GŸÛ-hP.ü Å-Vß-zhG-GTïÅü ¢¼-¾Þh-hP-ºzÞ-¾Þhü Åôm-ºƒâ-zhG-GTïÅü ÇKô-xãGÅ-GÅô-BôP-¾Å-GŸÛü hï-hG-GÛ-Vïh-hÝ-¢ôP-zh¼-hP-hqï-Çeômü ¤fÞm-Aïm¢ô¼-vôhü Bï-¿km-Åô-m¤-HÛ-¾G-ºEï¼-hP-Fô¤-¼Ð-º±ô¾-fzÅ-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-¾Å-GŸÛ-GŸÛ-M-Vï-®¤-Çtï¾-hP-Çtï¾-zŸÛm-q-hP.ü ¤Z¤ºƒï¾-¼ôGÅ-Bô¼-Vïh-ÁÅ-zhG-¤P-±ôGÅ-hP-ºGm-º²Ûm-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-±ôGÅ-¤Û-n¤Å-¾-¸z-¢ôP-ü ¤Z¤-iâP-Vïh-m-GŸôm-ÇÀôzfôm-n¤Å-¾-¤Z¤-ºƒï¾-¢ôP-zh¼-¼Û¤-q-ÇS-xÛü hqï-Çeôm-¤Z¤-ºƒï¾-ºhï¤Å-OæG Ç+ô¼-MG-¤-hPÞ¾-¼ôGÅ-Bô¼ü ¿ËG-q¼-uÛ¤fÞm-¤Z¤-ºƒï¾-GÅ¼-º²âGÅ-ˆÛÅ-º‚ãP-ºHã¼-¤Z¤-ºƒï¾-»ôPÅ-µôGÅ-ˆÛ-¿e-dôG-º²Ûm-BôP-uÛ-¤fÞm-¤Z¤-ºƒï¾-zMãh-»ôPfzÅ-ŸÝÅ-»ôhü m-GŸôm-¼ôGÅ-Bô¼-Vïh-¾Å-¼ÛGÅ-n¤-IPÅ- 11 ®¤-HÛ-hÝÅ-»Þm-¼ÛP-fÞP-Ço-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-¢ôP-zh¼-hP-hï-XïÅ¾Å-¼ÛGÅ-ºGô-º²âGÅ-Vïh-Bïh-VßP-zÞm-G»¼ü ¾Å-ºwï¼-hzÞ¾-wôPÅ-Tm-n¤Å-¾-Bïh-¤ïh-hP-Bïh-VßP-zÞm-G»¼-HÛ-¾Å-GŸÛÅôGÅ-ºIô-zŸÛm-q-»Ûmü GŸÛÅ-DG-Åô-ÅôºÛ-mP-LÅ-GTôP-Z¤-fG- 5700 ®¤-¾-º±ô-Çoôm-hP.ü LÅ-GÅô-DP- 14 mP-LÅ-ºDôGÅ- 840 ®¤¿e-BôP-ŸÝ-¤ÞÅ-hP.ü Å-ŸÛP-¤ïh-qºÛ-z¸ô-GŸÛÅ-VßP-DG-GÛ-Vïh-z¸ô-¾Å-¼ÛGÅ-ºôÅ-º±¤Å-fzÅ-ÁïÅ-ŸÝ-¤ÞÅ-»Ûmü h-z¼-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-DG-bà-º²âGÅ-Cæm-¾Å-GŸÛ-Ço-¤P-fôG-ºIô-Iôm-È-TP-ºzô¼-Vïm-zbP-»ôh-mºP-Iâz-ºƒÅ-ºhôh-„Àô-DïPÅPïÅ-¤-‚ãP-ÇezÅü º‚ãP-ºHã¼-¾Å-GŸÛ-DG-Mãm-GmÅ-fÞz-q-»ôP-ÇÀh- Techno Serve ŸïÅ-qºÛ-Vïh-¾Å-qºÛ-OÛG-º²âGÅIGÅ-Tm-JÀ-G»¼-HÛÅ-M-G¼-HÛ-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ- 28 mP-Z¤Å-ŸÛz-¸Ûm-bï-Iâz-hôm-Ç‰m-fô-zbP-¸Ûm-q-¿e¼ü ºhÛ-¾ô-mÅ-Í-¼ÛGŸÝP-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-¤fÞm-ºHã¼-¾-zdïm-¾Å-GŸÛ-TÛ-¼ÛGÅ-ºGô-º²âGÅ-ˆÛÅ-º‚ãP-ºHã¼-¾ô-¿SºÛ-mP-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-Æ-zdm-¾Å-GŸÛ-GPfÞz-ŸÝ-MãºÛ-ºV¼-ºGôh-¸Ûm-mºP-Iâz-ºƒÅ-WÛ-®¤-»ôP-¤Ûm-G®ô-Vï-GŸÛÅ-¤Û-Åô-ÅôºÛ-¤Z¤-ŸÝGÅ-hP-¤fÞm-ºHã¼-¾-¼G-¾ÞÅ-q-ŸÛG¼ïhü 18

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GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-DG-mP-Å-DP-OÛG-GŸÛ-¾G-zÇe¼-WÛ-zŸÛm-fÞz-¤Ûm-hP.ü ¤Z¤-ºƒï¾-DG-GÛÅ-¤±ôm-±ôGÅ-q-hïz-Bï¾-»ôh-¼ÛGÅˆÛ-OÛG-GŸÛ-¿e¼-HÛ-¾Å-¼Û¤-¤-‚ãP-z-ÅôGÅ-h;º-P¾-TÛ-¼ÛGÅ-ºyh-zŸÛm-q-ºhÛ-hG-Åï¾-fzÅ-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-GmP-G¾ü ¿S-qü ÁïÅ-»ômü 1] ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¾Å-DÞPÅ-mÅ-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-zTº-FÛ¤Å-hôm-±m- 17 mP-GÅ¾-DG-¾G-zÇe¼-fÞz-fzÅ-ˆÛ-ºzhz¯ôm-ÇKô-;Ým-mÅ-ŸÝ-zŸÛm-qºÛ-fôG hôm-h¤-zôh-ˆÛ-GŸÛ-¯ºÛ-hGôÅ-¤Dô-hP-º±¤Å-qºÛ-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-GŸÛ-¼Û¤ÁïÅ-»ôm-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-»P-hG-q-ŸÛG-xÛ-¾ô- 2004 ¾ô¼-hq¾-¿km-zôh-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-uÛ-¤ôÅ-Gbm-ºzïzÅGmP-z-¾G-zÇe¼-Vïh-ÁïÅ-¾Å-mÅü ;] hqï-Çeôm-ÇÀôz-IÔ-GÅ¼-º²âGÅ-hP-ü D] ¤fô-ºƒÛP-h¤º-GÅÞ¤-HÛ-ÇÀôz-hGï-hP-ü ÇÀôz-uÛü hGï-Vï- 477 ¾-¸z-¢ôP-Gmh-Ç¨Ûmü G] ºôÅ-VôÅ-±P-zºÛ-¤Û-ºIô- 129 ¾-hGï-Lm-ºôÅ-¢ôP-±h-¿kmü P] xÛ-¾ô- 2006 mÅ-z¸ÞP-Å¤-„Ëô-‡ºÛ-Ez-DôPÅ-ÇÀôz-DG-»ôPÅ-ÅÞ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-¾G-zÇe¼-hP.ü 2008 mÅ-jËÅ-zôh-EÛ¤-Ez-DôPÅ-¾-hÐGÅ-‚P-fP-ÇÀôz-DG-GÅÞ¤-HÛ-ÇSôm-ºIô-mÅ-¾G-zÇe¼-ºGô-º²âGÅü T] GŸÛ-¼Û¤-ºôG-¤-hP.ü GŸÛ-¼Û¤-z¼-¤ºÛ-zÇÀz-GŸÛ-¯-º²Ûm-hP-ÇÀôz-±m-ºV¼-GŸÛ-Gbm-ºzïzÅü V] z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-hP.ü ÁïÅ-»ôm-ÇÀôz-Çeôm-±ôGÅ-VßP-GÛ-OÛG-GŸÛ-Gbm-ºzïzÅü W] GŸÛ-¼Û¤-GôP-ºôG-z¼-GÅÞ¤-HÛ-ÇÀôz-hïz-uÛ-hP.ü GŸÛ-¼Û¤-z¼-¤ºÛ-º²Ûm-IÔ-GÅÞ¤-HÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-±m-¼ÛG-GÛ-ÇÀôz-hïzGÅ¼-¯ô¤ü GŸÛ-¼Û¤-z¼-¤ºÛ-±m-¼ÛG-hP-ÍP-¯ÛÅ-zTÅ-ˆÛ-ÇÀôz-hïz-zôh-Ç+h-hÝ-wz-zNå¼ü Z] ÁïÅ-»ôm-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-hGôPÅ-hôm-zŸÛm-ÇSôm-ºIô-hP-GŸÛ-¼Û¤-ºôG-¤ºÛ-hGï-Lm-ºôÅ-¢ôP-DG-mP-º²Ûm-¼Û¤-zTô-¿S- (B.A.) PïÅ-q¼-hGôÅ-qºÛ-V-Aïm-zCæm-mÅ-xÛ-¾ô- 2006 mÅ-ÇSôm-ºIô-hP-GŸÛ-¼Û¤-ºôG-¤ºÛ-hGï-Lm-ºôÅ-¢ôP-DG-GZÛÅGô-OÛG-GÛÅ-ÇÀôz-fôm-n¤Å-ÇÀôz-IÔ-DG-bà-hGï-Lm-zÇ+ô-GbôP-‚Å-q-hP.ü 2] z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-fôG-ºyh-qºÛ-h;º-P¾-GŸm-ŸÛG-mÛ-GŸÛ-¼Û¤-ÁïÅ-»ôm-HÛ-GmÅ-±h-ºhôh-„Àô-DïPÅ-PïÅ-¤ïhq-hP.ü hï-¾-zdïm-mÅ-¼ÛGÅ-GTÛG-@P-º²Ûm-hP.ü Vïh-¾Å-q-¤P-qô-ºfôm-¤Û-fÞz-q-hï-»Ûmü hïºÛ-Vïh-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¾Å-DÞPÅ-mÅºzh-¯ô¾-ŸÝÅ-hP-ŸÝ-ºV¼-DG-GÁ¤-GÅ¾ü ;] &GôP-Å-&-BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-mÅ-zôh-EÛ¤-hP-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-±ôGÅ-Vïm-HÛ-±ôGÅ-zT¼-z-n¤Å-¾-z;º-ÇÀôzwïzÅ-ZÛh-xÛ-¾ô- 2009 ¾ô¼-jË-Å-G»Å-G»ôm-HÛ-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-ÁïÅ-¥ôP-Tm-hP-ÁïÅ-»ôm-Çkï-±m-DG-GÛ-Çoï-¤ô-z-n¤Å19

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14] z®m-‚ô¾-mP-yâ-GÝ-Bï-ºwï¾-¾-ÁÝGÅ-Çoôm-MG-hGôÅ-q-hP.ü yâ-GÝ-GÅÞ¤-»m-¾-GŸÝP-hP-¸Þ¼-BôP-ÇÀôz-I-DG-mÅÇÀôz-»ôm-¼Ûm-¤ïh-hP-º±ô-Çoôm-PïÅ-q¼-GmP-G¾-È-TP-Vïü uÛ-¤ôÅü ¤fº-hôm-zôh-M¾-Dz-Vïm-qôºÛ-¾ÞGÅ-GZÛÅ-ˆÛ-„À-m-¤ïh-qºÛ-hzÞ-FÛh-&uÛ-mô¼-GôP-Å-BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-Ç+Ý-±ï&ŸzÅ-qh-ÆÛh-¤f¼-zdm-q-hP.ü zôh-hôm-zhïm-¤fº-¥ã¼-hÝ-GÅ¾-zºÛ-¼ï-Ç¨ôm-zTÅü zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅfïPÅ-hP-qôºÛ-±ôGÅ-VßP-;-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-¤Û-fÞm-¤ôP-mÅü zôh-M¾-¾ô- 2137 xÛ-¾ô- 2010 ¹-8 ±ïÅ- 29 ¾-wÞ¾ü

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12] Å-DP-OÛG-GŸÛ¼ü zôh-¼ÛGÅ-mP-DÞ¾-hÝ-Å-DP-mP-zÁÝG-‚ïh-VôG-qºÛ-V-Aïm-ºWôG-hGôÅ-q-hP-ü ŸÛP-ÅºÛ-ÇeïP-DPq-GÅ¼-MG-VôG-q-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 13] GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-ÅÞ-»Þ¾-¤Û-hP-GTÛG-¤±ßPÅ-ˆÛ-GÝm-GÅz-hP-fôz-fP-GŸm-DG-¼G-fzÅ-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 14] GŸÛÅ-ÇK¼-Vï-DG-bà-¼P-GŸÝP-mÅ-hPÞ¾-DP-º²âGÅ-fzÅ-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 15] GŸÛÅ-ÇK¼-DG-GÛ-Å-V-»Þ¾-¤Û¼-zôGÅ-GbôP-P¤ü JÀ-GbôP-‚ïh-zŸÛm-q-ºGôG-Çkô¤-mm-qô-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 16] Åô-m¤-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-DG-bà-Çeôm-ZïÅ-‚ãP-¼ÛGÅ-¾-GÝm-GÅz-GmP-fzÅ-hGôPÅ-q-zŸïÅ-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 17] uÛ-¤fÞm-¤Z¤-ºƒï¾-mÅ-GŸôm-BïÅ-±ô¼-¾Å-;-vôh-fÞz-qºÛ-±ôP-ºƒï¾-¾Å-GŸÛ-Çtï¾-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 18] z¾-»Þ¾-hÝ-²-iG-h;º-P¾-ºyh-zŸÛm-qºÛ-zôh-¤Û-n¤Å-M¾-Dz-GŸm-ŸÛG-bà-Çtô-fzÅ-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 19] z;º-uÛ-GZÛÅ-mÅ-z¾-»Þ¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-h;º-Åï¾-Vïh-²-iG-¾Å-ºV¼-z;ôh-OÛG-hGôÅ-Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 20] z¾-»Þ¾-mP-¼P-GŸÝP-GÛ-OÛG-º²âGÅ-DG-GÛ-¾Å-‚ïh-hÝ-z¾-Çkôh-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-±ô-zÇ+ô-zŸG-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 21] GŸÛÅ-¤Û-±ôºÛ-h;º-P¾-Åï¾-fzÅ-ÅÞ-m-GŸôm-GP-¤P-xÛ-M¾-hÝ-GbôP-fzÅü (Mz-Bô¼-12 ü hGG-‚- 24) 22] xÛ-M¾-»Þ¾-Iâ-DG-bà-¼P-¼ÛGÅ-n¤Å-hÝÅ-±ôh-MÅ-zTh-mP-¾Å-JÀ¼-GbôP-fzÅ-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 23] m-GŸôm-¾Å-¤ïh-±ô¼-º±ô-dïm-¾Å-GŸÛºÛ-Vïh-Bïh-¤ïh-zÞm-G»¼-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 24] Åô-m¤-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-DG-bà-ŸÛP-Vß-ºiïm-GbôP-ÇÀh-Å-ºôG-Vß-ºfïm-hGôÅ-q-z¸ô-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 25] GŸÝP-mÅ-Æô¾-Mãm-Åô-m¤-HÛ-Çeôm-ºƒÅ-±ôP-ºIï¤Å-ŸÝ-»Þ¾-Fô¤-¼-fzÅ-º±ô¾-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 26] ¤Z¤-ºƒï¾-DG-GÛ-±ôGÅ-G®ô-ÇS¼-¤ÞÅ-zŸÛm-GŸÛÅ-ºGô-mÅ-GmP-ºôÅü (Mz-Bô¼- 2 ü hGG-‚- 37) 27] ¤Û-ºzô¼-ºwï¾-MÅ-GbôP-xôGÅ-Ç+ô¼-HÛ-±ôGÅ-VßP-ŸÛG-º²âGÅ-Mã-G¾-Vïü

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ÇePÅ-»ôP-zŸÛm-ºhÝG-m-¤Gôm-qô-¤VôG-mÛ-GŸÛÅ-‚ïÅ-zôh-¤Û-uÛ-zô-Gm¤-Çem-»ôPÅ-ˆÛ-DôG-qºÛ-Ç‰ÛP-hP-¿e-zºÛ-¤ÛG ºhÛ-xÛ-GZÛÅhP-VôÅ-ÆÛh-GZÛÅ-ˆÛ-hzÞ-ºFÛh-»Ûm-q¼-zdïm-hï-ºiºÛ-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-m¤-»P-¤Û-zŸïÅ-qºÛ-¤±m-ºDôh-Ç‰m-ŸÝ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-ºhÛ-fôGmÅ-ºzÞ¾-GmP-hGôÅ-Mãü uÛ-¤ôÅü D] zôh-M-Vï-¤Û-¤P-hP.ü zôh-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-uÛ-¤ôÅ-IôÅ-Vôh-¼Û¤-qºÛ-hGôPÅ-hôm-¿e¼-zôh-hôm-zhïm-¤fºGÅ¾-fzÅ-fh-7GôP-Å-7BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-mÅ-M¾-uÛ-hP-M-mG-GÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-ºHã¼-ºIôÅ-hP-zÇeàm-mÅ-»ï-ÁïÅh‚ÛPÅ-hrh-fG-GTôh-ÇS¼-¤ÞÅ-zŸÛm-GmP-BzÅ-»ôP-zºÛ-GÅô¾-ºhïzÅ-ŸÝ-Mã-hP.ü &GôP-Å-¤VôG-GÛÅ-fG-GTôhxG-zÇe¼-WÛ-GmP-¾-„Àô-¯ï-GZÛÅ-¤ïh-ˆÛÅ-Á¼-zBôh-ŸÝ-MãºÛ-h¤-zTº-zdm-qô¼-ŸÝ-Mã¼ü uÛ-¤ôÅü G] zôh-hôm-zhïm-¤fº-GÅ¾-fzÅ-ÅÞ-&GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-GÛÅ-hzÞ-ºFÛh-qºÛ-z®m-‚ô¾-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-xGz¿e¼-¤²h-zŸÛm-qºÛ-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-HÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-¾-Mz-Bô¼-¤Þ-¤fÞh-»ôhü ºôm-ˆP-M-mG-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-¤fÞm-M¾-DzmÅ-h-z¼-»-¾m-ŸÝ-GÛ-¤ïh-ÇezÅ-zôh-¤Û-GŸÝP-¤P-uÛ-ÇKï¼-»ôPÅ-mÅ-zMãh-¾¤-Ço-±ôGÅ-zMãh-mÅ-Gmôm-ÁÝGÅ-vôhfzÅ-GmP-G¾ü ¤P-¤ôÅü P] M-mG-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-bØ-¾ºÛ-¼Þ-±ôGÅ-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-ºôG-mÅ-&GôP-Å-¤VôG-¾-zÅ¤-»Þ¾-¾Å-ºhÅ-qºÛ-¤±m-Ç¨h-z;Ý¼ºhïzÅ-ˆÛ-zOGÅ-Gb¤-hP-»ÛG-V-ºi-¤Ûm-fôm-zŸÛm-q-hï-hG-¾-hÝÅ-mÅ-hÝÅ-ÅÞ-uÛ-ÇKï¼-ÅÞ-¼P-mÅ-¾m-ºhïzÅ-±mm-GmP-hGôÅ-qºÛ-uÛ-¤ôÅ-IôÅ-Vôh-‚ãP.ü T] zôh-M-ºƒï¾-¤ô¾-HÛ-¾¤-mÅ-zôh-hôm-zhïm-¤fº-GÅ¾-fzÅ-ÅÞ-OÛG-ÇkÝ¤-q-M¾-Dz-GÅÞ¤-q-ŸÛG-º±ô¾-ŸÛzÅ-hPzÇ+ô-º²âGÅ-GmP-hGôÅ-ˆÛ-ºhÝGü uÛ-¤ôÅü V] uÛ-mô¼-&GôP-Å-7BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-GÛ-Ç+Ý-x-mÛ-zôh-ºzPÅ-GŸÛÅ-‚ïÅ-GZÛÅ-ˆÛ-ÆôG-¯-GTÛG-ZÛh-»Ûm-q¼-ÅôP&M¾-zºÛ-Ç+Ý-x-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-ŸÝ-ÇKô-»ôPÅ-µôGÅ-¿Ëôh-G»ïP-¤ïh-q-GmP-hGôÅ-Ç+ô¼-ºƒï¾-»ôh-¤²h-G®ô-n¤-q¼-Ç‰mÅïP-ŸÝ-hGôÅ-Mãü uÛ-¤ôÅü 38

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

W] zôh-¤ÛºÛ-VÛG-zOÛ¾-HÛ-mÝÅ-q-mÛ-&M¾-zºÛ-Ç+Ý-x-hP.ü zôh-¤ÛºÛ-zhïm-¤fº-GÅ¾-fzÅ-¾-VïÅ-G¾-Vï-zºÛ-hGôÅ-¤DôŸÛG-»Ûm-qÅ-z®m-º‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-ˆÛ-¿kÛP-VºÛ-ÇeïP-m-hPôÅ-ÅÞ-wïzÅ-zŸÝGÅ-»ôh-zŸÛm-qºÛ-zôh-¤Û-¤P-uÛ¤fÞÅ-n¤-qºÛ-G®ôÅ-zôh-¤Û-»ôPÅ-mÅ-Mz-¤hÝm-Pô-Ç+ôG-¤ïh-q¼-VÛG-zOÛ¾-lôG-¯-GTÛG-bà-zOÛ¾-Mã¼-ÇS¼-¿ËG-ºzhºzÞPÅ-Vï-z-‚-Mãü uÛ-¤ôÅü Z] M-Vï-¤P-±ôGÅ-mP-Vz-ÆÛh-ˆÛ-Gô-dôGÅ-Çtï¾-fzÅ-hP-M¾-Ÿïm-HÛ-mÝÅ-q-Çt¼-fzÅ-ÅÞ-z;º-„Àôm-n¤-hP-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-n¤qÅ-º±¤Å-G¸ÛGÅ-hP.ü ÇÀôz-Çeôm-¾Å-ºGÝ¾ü G¸z-¢ôP-ÅôGÅ-Gô-OÛG-GmP-hGôÅü uÛ-¤ôÅü b] GZÛÅ-Ç¨m-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-HÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-Oô¤-GŸÛºÛ-ºôG-zôh-hôm-zhïm-¤fº-GÅ¾-fzÅ-¾-M-mG-GÛ-¯-FÛ¤Å-hP.ü zTº-FÛ¤ÅDG-GÛ-hôm-Gmh-DG-¾-¢P-q-hP-ü M-mG-GÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-GmÅ-zz-hP.ü ºHã¼-ºIôÅ-¾-Gô-dôGÅ-hP-hrh-ŸÛz-Mãm-¤¼‚ïh-Mã-zTÅ-mÛ-È-TP-ºƒï¾-z-Vï-zÅ-M-Vï-¤P-±ôGÅ-hP-¿ËG-q¼-¾Å-ˆÛ-Çoï-¤ô¼-GmÅ-q-n¤Å-mÅ-hôm-Gmh-ºhÛ-±ôºÛfôG-ÇÀôz-¢ôP-‚ïh-q-hP.ü hô-ÇoP-Mãm-¿km-hÝ-vôh-hGôÅ-q-G¾-Gmh-Vï-zÅ-±P-¤Å-fÞGÅ-ºDÞ¼-zŸïÅ-hGôÅ-q-ºhÝG uÛ-¤ôÅü f] ¾ô-ÁÅ-mÅ-z¾-»Þ¾-M¾-Dz-ˆÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-GmÅ-ÇePÅ-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-Tm-ŸÛG-bà-Hã¼-»ôh-qºÛ-ÇeïP.ü zôh-hP-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-GmÅzz-ˆÛ-fôG-M-mG-GÛÅ-Gmôm-ÁÝGÅ-hP-fï-‚ãÅ-È-TP-Vï-zÅ-h-¿eºÛ-ºV¼-z¾-»Þ¾-mP-GmÅ-qºÛ-zôh-¤Û-n¤Å-h;º-P¾Vïm-qôºÛ-ºôG-±ßh-zÇkh-»ôh-ÇezÅ-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-mÅ-z¾-GmÅ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-Vïh-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-GmP-hGôÅˆÛ-ºzôh-zÇ+Ý¾-ŸÝ-Mãü uÛ-¤ôÅü h] GŸÛÅ-¾ÞÅ-M-Vï-¤P-±ôGÅ-»ôPÅ-ˆÛÅ-Åô-ÅôºÛ-M¾-Dz-hP.ü ¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-ˆÛ-hôm-hÝ-GTïÅ-qºÛ-¼P-ÆôG-hP-zTÅ-q-„ÀôÅ-zbPGÛÅ-M¾-Ÿïm-hP-Åï¤Å-ÁÝGÅ-¾-XïÅ-ÅÞ-»Û-¼PÅ-hP-zÇSGÅ-zXôh-ŸÝ-z-hP-£GÅü h-¿e-M-mG-GŸÝP-GÛ-z®ôm-DP-DGGÛ-mP-»ôh-zŸÛm-qºÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-z®ôm-q-n¤Å-GP-¥ã¼-JÀôh-Iô¾-»ôP-fzÅ-hP.ü DôP-n¤Å-h¥¾-z-¤Û-»Þ¾-hÝ-¥ôP-zŸÛmqºÛ-P¾-z-¾Å-Iô¾-fzÅ-ÅÞ-¼P-GŸÝP-mÅ-fzÅ-zM-‚ãÅ-ÇeôP-GÛ-¤²h-xôGÅ-»ôP-z-hP.ü zôh-mP-¾ô-¤P-z®ôm-DPhÝ-±ßh-hï-xÛÅ-ÅÞ-z®m-‚ô¾-hÝ-wïzÅ-fÞz-qºÛ-M¾-Ÿïm-¿ËG-zÅ¤-HÛÅ-xãG-qºÛ-¼P-¼ÛGÅ-Á-FG-GTÛG-qºÛ-z®ôm-¸Þ¼-Çtäm39

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

¹-n¤Å-z®m-‚ô¾-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-ÇÀïzÅ-q-n¤Å-¾-z®m-‚ô¾-GŸÝP-mÅ-G¸ÛGÅ-BôP-¤Û-h¤m-q-GmP-hP-GmP-zŸÛm-qhï-¿e¼-»P.ü h-hÝP-»P-DôP-n¤Å-¾-G¸ÛGÅ-BôP-GP-G¸z-GmP-BzÅ-»ôP-z-ŸïÅ-¼P-GŸÝP-¾-Ç‰m-ÅïP-ŸÝ-Mãü uÛ-¤ôÅü m] Å-Eôm-¾-¿eôÅ-qºÛ-zôh-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-ˆÛ-IPÅ-ºzô¼-È-TP-ZÝP-ZÝP-»Ûm-zŸÛm-D¼-M-h¤¼-HÛ-iG-Gmôm-ºôG-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-wôm-VïAïm-ºhÅ-ÅÞ-Hã¼-ŸÛP.ü M-mG-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-Bï-ÇKô-z;G-qºÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-ˆÛÅ-Aïm-qºÛ-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-¤Û-ºzô¼-ºwï¾-zBïh-¤ïh-qºÛGmÅ-ÇePÅ-»ôh-zŸÛm-q-¼ïhü ¼P-hzP-¾ÞP-qºÛ-mP-z®m‚ô¾-hÝ-º‚ô¼-zºÛ-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-Bï-ÇKô-z;G-MãºÛ¾Å-ºV¼-ÅôGÅ-¯-z-mÅ-¤ïh-q-hï-¿e¼-»Pü zôh-¤ÛºÛ-zÅ¤-uôh-¾-ºHã¼-¿kôG-GÛÅ-Aïm-qÅ-zÞ-yâG-Bï-Mã-ZÝP-IGÅ-qÅBôm-Gmh-È-TP-Vïm-qô-ºyh-zŸÛm-q-hPôÅ-»ôh-GmÅ-ÇePÅ-¾Å-BôzÅ-fzÅ-ÅÞ-¤P-±ôGÅ-¾-¤Û-ºzô¼-ºwï¾-MÅ-GbôPfzÅ-z;º-ÇÀôz-¾¤-Çeôm-hP-zÞ-yâG-IPÅ-¤P-Bï-ºwï¾-‚ïh-¤Dm-HÛ-w-¤-hP-mP-¤Û¼-¼P-GŸÝP-hP.ü ±ôGÅ-q-DG-ÅôGÅmÅ-G¸ïPÅ-ÅÞ-fôm-qºÛ-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-G¸ÛGÅ-BôP-GmP-fzÅ-GmP-hGôÅ-Mãü uÛ-¤ôÅü xÛ-¾ô- 2010 ¹- 8 ±ïÅ- 27

3] ¤P-G®ô-ºwï¾-MÅ-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-Ç+ô¼ü ;] zôh-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-»ôP-DÞPÅ-hP-ºôÅ-zÇkÝºÛ-fh-zTº-FÛ¤Å-hP-OÛGÅ-GŸÛ-DG-¾-GÁ¤-GÅ¾-zB¼-zTôÅ-¤²hhGôÅ-q-DGü 1]

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zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

D] ¤-ºPôÅ-q¼-z;º-FÛ-hP-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-ˆÛ-ºôÅ-zÇkÝ-‚-MãºÛ-hÝÅ-±ïÅ-fh-ÅÞh-±ôP-GÛ-hÝÅ-»Þm-hP-Ç+zÅ-¤Û-ºDï¾-qºÛ-¤²hxôGÅ-hGôÅ-G¾-¾-ºôÅ-zÇkÝ-¿Ëm-DP-mÅ-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-GmP-Mãü uÛ-¤ôÅü G] GŸÛ-¼Û¤-¤P-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-Fôh-hÝ-¤P-G®ô-ºwï¾-MÅ-GbôP-fzÅ-ÅÞ-ºôÅ-zÇkÝ-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-mP-V-ÁÅ-¾ïm-¤Dm-IPÅ-ºzô¼GôP-¤fô¼-GbôP-ÇÀh-¸z-¢ôP-GP-¤P-vôh-hGôÅ-q-hP.ü z¾-»Þ¾-ÅôGÅ-Å-GmÅ-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-Tm-HÛ-Vïh-¸z-¢ôPvôh-¤Dm-Å-GmÅ-¼P-DôPÅ-mÅ-¤Û-ºIô-zCæm-hGôÅ-ÁÛP-hï-±ô¼-h¤ÛGÅ-bï-¸z-¢ôP-±h-¿km-vôh-hGôÅ-q-hP-¸z-¢ôPvôh-MãºÛ-»ÛG-V-ôGÅ-¤fÞm-Aïm-±h-¿km-Gbm-ºzïzÅ-z¸ô-zCæm-GmP-hGôÅ-Mãü uÛ-¤ôÅü P] z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-zTº-FÛ¤Å-mP-Vz-ºzPÅ-¾-GŸÛ-¼Û¤-fôz-fP-¤P-hG-TÛG-GmP-»ôh-ˆP-ü fôz-fP-hï-±ô-¾ôPÅÅÞ-uôh-Mã¼-OÛG-GŸÛ-Ÿ¾-GÅ¾-hGôÅ-G¾-ºhÝG-qÅ-hï-¼ÛGÅ-z¸ô-fzÅ-»ôP-z¼-zôh-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-¾ºzôh-zÇ+Ý¾-ŸÝ-Mãü uÛ-¤ôÅü T] ¤P-G®ôºÛ-©P-GŸÛ-Gbm-qô¼-GmÅ-fzÅ-hP.ü m-GŸôm-¾ô-m-¾ôm-q-n¤Å-mÅ-ºôÅ-zÇkÝºÛ-mP-V-ÁÅ-¾ïm-¤Dm-HÛIPÅ-ºzô¼-¤fô-¼Þ-GbôP-xÛ¼-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-zTº-FÛ¤Å-hP-ü ¤P-G®ôºÛ-Ç+ô¼ü ºôÅ-zÇkÝ-¾-ÅôGÅ-qºÛ-ºƒï¾»ôh-OÛG-GŸÛ-DG-ÇÀôz-IºÛ-mP-ÇÀôz-ºFÛh-GmP-ºGô-º²âGÅ-hGôÅü uÛ-¤ôÅü

4] GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-Æ-zdm-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-Ç+ô¼ü ;] z¸ô-GŸÛÅ-DG-GÛ-Å-GmÅ-ºGô-º²Ûm-¼P-DÞPÅ-mÅ-ºôÅ-ºhï¤Å-ŸÝ-Mã-mÛ-FÛ¤Å-OÛG-GÛ-ºIô-ÇePÅ-®¤-»Ûm-qºÛ-ºIï¾ºXôh-¤-»Ûm-q¼-Å-GmÅ-ˆÛ-ºGô-º²Ûm-DG-Å-GmÅ-¼P-DÞPÅ-mÅ-ºôÅ-ºhï¤Å-fÞz-q-‚ãP-m-Dï-wm-WÛ-»ôh-n¤Åz;º-ÁG-hP-uÛ-¿Ëm-mÅ- h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-ˆÛ-GÅ¾-zÁh-Gmh-hÝ-Ç¨Ûm-q-GmP-G¾ü uÛ-¤ôÅü D] yâG-GÝ-BïÅ-ºwï¾-GbôP-Mã¼-uÛ-ÇKï¼-»ôPÅ-mÅ-hôm-wm-¿km-qºÛ-fzÅ-¾¤-hP-¾Å-GŸÛ- Çtï¾-Mã¼-ºzh-ºzÞPÅGmP-hGôÅü uÛ-¤ôÅü 41

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

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27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

È¼-q-Çtä¼-Å-GmÅ-ºfÞÅ-¤Û-z=ÛÅ-mô¼-zÞü ;-Ç~äG-Å-ºfÞÅ-±ôGÅ-G®ô-ÇeôzÅ-M¾ü Çtä-¼-¶-¾-Å-ºfÞÅ-±ôGÅ-G®ô-zÅôh-m¤Å-lô-Xïü ;Ý¤-¼ºô-Å-ºfÞÅ-±ôGÅ-G®ô-±ï-¼ÛP-ZÛ-¤ü ºzÛ¼-Çkï-hGï-Å-ºfÞÅ-±ôGÅ-GŸôm-±ï-¼ÛP-lô-Xïü ¤m-Çt¼-Å-ºfÞÅ-±ôGÅ-G®ô-z=-ÁÛÅ-hzP-ºhÝÅü ÁÛ-¾ôPÅ-Å-ºfÞÅ-±ôGÅ-G®ô-;Ým-hGºü Íô-¼Û-Å-Å-ºfÞÅ-±ôGÅ-G®ô-ºW¤-hq¾-hôm-Iâzü z¾-»Þ¾-ÇtôG-¼-z=ÛÅ-JÀÛP-Å-ºfÞÅ-±ôGÅ-G®ô-zÅôh-m¤Å-z¸P-qôü ÅÛ¤-¾-Å-ºfÞÅ-±ôGÅ-¤Û-qj¨-¼Ûm-º²Ûmü l-Å-zÅôh-m¤Å-lô-Xïü Ç~ï¾-;ôz-zÅôh-m¤Å-±ï-¼ÛP-ü ¿Ëô-xôGÅ-±ï-hzP-lô-Xïü ;ô-¾Û-JË¾-z=ÛÅ-±ï-¼ÛP-ü z=ÛÅ-¿YôPÅ-GŸÛÅ-¾Å-iâP-Vï-»ï-ÁïÅ-VôÅ-M¾ü z¾-»Þ¾-mô¼-º²Ûm-JÀÛP-ºƒï¾-¤fÞh-q-z=-ÁÛÅ-±ï-zdmü z¾-»Þ¾-Á¼-DÞ¤-Å-ºfÞÅ-Ç+Ý-±z-PG-hzP-VôÅ-BôP-ü ÇKP-bôG-Å-ºfÞÅ-Ç+Ý-±z-¿ËG-M¾ü ;¾-¤m-^ôm-hôm-Iâz-JÀÛP-Å-ºfÞÅ-Ç+Ý-±z-„Àô-z¸P-z=ÛÅü ±ï-¼ÛP-hôm-¿km-JÀÛP-Å-ºfÞÅ-Ç+Ý-±z-¿ËG-q-lô-Xïü ¿kÛ-¾Û-zôh-ÇK¼-Å-ºfÞÅ-Ç+Ý-±z-lô-Xï-hôm-Iâzü zôh-ˆÛ-M¾-»ôPÅ-¤P-G®ô-±ôGÅ-q-Í-ŸP-¿ËG-qü ¤hô-D¤Å-Vß-zŸÛ-ÇKP-iâG-uÛ-Ez-Mãm-¾Å-wÞ¼-zÞ-±ï-¼ÛP-ü hzÞÅ-G®P-Vô¾-DºÛ-±ôGÅ-GŸôm-PG-hzP-hq¾-¿kmü ¤Pº-¼ÛÅ-hzÞÅ-Mãm-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-ºGm-º²Ûm-Çtïm-q-±ï-¼ÛP-ü uÛ-ºfÞÅ-GÅï¼-d-±ß¾-FÛ¤Å-ºôh-¸ï¼ü uÛ-ºfÞÅ-±ß¾-FÛ¤Å-zÇem-º²Ûmü zhï-ÆâP-¾Å-hô-zÇem-º²Ûm-hq¾-¤ôü ±ôGÅ-iâP-¾Å-¼ôGÅü 48

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{}ü üxÛ-¾ô- 2010 ¹- 8 ±ïÅ- 26 mÅ- 29 z¼-ZÛm-zŸÛ-¼ÛP-zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅVïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôºÛ-±ôGÅ-VßP-G-(1) qôºÛ-±ôGÅ-zT¼-z-n¤Å-ˆÛ-hGôPÅ-±ß¾-xôGÅ-zÇkÝÅü [;] Vz-ÆÛh-ˆÛ-Ç+ô¼ü 1]

&uÛ-mô¼-&GôP-Å-BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-zôh-GŸÛÅ‚ïÅ-GZÛÅ-ˆÛ-„À-m-¤ïh-qºÛ-hzÞ-FÛh-GTÛG-ZÛh-hÝ-¯ôh-¤ïh»Ûm-q¼-GÝÅ-±ôGÅ-VßP-GÛ-±ôGÅ-¤Û-»ôPÅ-mÅ-¼P-hôm¼P-GTïÅ-ˆÛÅ-z¯Û-z;Ý¼-hP-¾ïm-ŸÝ-Mãü GŸÛÅ-‚ïÅzôh-¤Û-»ôPÅ-ˆÛ-BzÅ-GmÅ-h¤-q¼-º±ô-zŸÝGÅ-»ôPz¼-GÅô¾-z-wÞ¼-±ßGÅ-Åà-zbz-Mãü [uÛ-¤ôÅ]

Vz-ÆÛh-ˆÛ-¾PÅ-xôGÅ-¤Û-¤P-GÛ-¤Pôm-ºhôh-hP-&GôP-Å¤VôG-GÛ-hGôPÅ-GŸÛ-¿e¼-zôh-¤Û-h¤PÅ-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅmÅ- 1997 ¹- 9- ±ïÅ- 18 ZÛm-uÛ-¤ôÅ-ˆÛÅ-Gbm-¾-wz-qºÛ-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-HÛ-¿e-Iâz-ÆÛh-WâÅ-¾-¤ôÅ-¤fÞm-hPMz-Bô¼-¯ï-GTÛG-bà-ŸÝ-Mã-»Ûmü [uÛ-¤ôÅ]

3] &GôP-Å-BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-xôGÅ-¤fº-DG-bà-VÛzÅ-zNå¼-GmP-Ç+zÅ-VÛzÅ-Iô¾-ÅôGÅ-zhG-¤ïh-hÝ-¾ÞÅ-qºÛGmÅ-±ß¾-¤P-hG-TÛG-»ôh-Ç+ô¼-ŸÝ-ºhÝG-m-ÇÀh-&M¾-zºÛ-Ç+Ý-x¼-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-Vï-Bïh-»ôP-z-ŸÝ-Mãü [uÛ-¤ôÅ] 4]

&GôP-Å-BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-mÛ-M¾-Dz-GŸm-HÛ-hzÞ-ºFÛh-hP-ºIm-hÝ-¤ïh-q-ŸÛG-»Ûm-ŸÛP.ü DôP-¾-¤Û-h¤PÅ-hˆãÅ¤-¿e-zÞ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-ÅôGÅ-¾-¤Z¤-ŸÝGÅ-hGôÅ-¾ÞGÅ-ŸÝÅ-q-hP.ü &M¾-z-¼Ûm-qô-Vï-hP-¤P-G®ô-ÅÞ-G®ô-Vï-z-»Ûm-±ß¾zXôh-q-hïºÛ-¼ÛGÅ-¾-hGG-‚-¤fº-GTÛG-bà-‚-Mã-»Ûmü [uÛ-¤ôÅ] 49

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

GŸÝP-hP-GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤-»Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-DG-GÛÅ-¯-hôm-fh-¾Å-hôm-WÛ-ºi-ŸÛG-Çtï¾-»P-GŸÝP-GÛ-¾¤-Çeôm-ºôG-Pô-zôGTÛG-hP-ºzôh-O-GTÛG-GÛ-fôG-mÅ-GmP-fÞz-q-»Ûm-m-wm-fôG-Vï-z-»ôP-PïÅü [¤P-¤ôÅ]

¤-ºôPÅ-zôh-ˆÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-ˆÛ-hGG-¯-mÛ-¤Û-¼zÅ-GŸôm-BïÅ-n¤Å-¾-¼G-¾ÞÅ-q¼-ÅôP.zôh-ˆÛ-M¾-Ÿïm-hP-ü Ç+h-»ÛG Vz-ÆÛh-zTÅ-ˆÛ-Gô-dôGÅ-ÅôGÅ-GŸÛ-¼Û¤-ÇÀôz-I-mÅ-z¸ÞP-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-GŸôm-BïÅ-±ô¼-ºƒï¾-»ôh-w-¤ü Å-GmÅ-Gmh»ôh-n¤Å-ˆÛÅ-ÇÀôz-Çtï¾-fÞz-q-GmP-G¾ü [uÛ-¤ôÅ] &GôP-Å-¤VôG-GÛ-hGôPÅ-GŸÛ-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-HÛ-¿e-Iâz-ÆÛh-WâÅ-ˆÛ-¼ÛG-qºÛ-GŸÝP-¾ÞGÅ-ºhÛ-zŸÛm-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-GŸôm-BïÅIPÅ-ºzô¼-PïÅ-Tm-ŸÛG-¾-GbÛP-±ßGÅ-qºÛ-ÇÀôz-GÅô-vh-hï-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-HÛ-¿e-Iâz-Gô-dôGÅ-Çtï¾-z¼ºzh-z¯ôm-GmP-G¾-Vïü [¤P-¤ôÅ]

M¾-Dz-hP-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-ÁÛG-GÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-ˆÛ-hGG-¯-¤Û-ºzô¼-¾-¼G-¾ÞÅ-GÁÛÅü ¼P-TG-GPÅ-Tm-qºÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-zdm¿ËÛP-Mãm-GmÅ-»ôP-z¼-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-ºwï¾-MÅ-»ôP-z¼-hÝÅ-hP-n¤-q-;Ým-bà-¾¤-Çeôm-Gmh-hÝ-Ç¨Ûm-q-GmP-Mã-hP-VzÅTÛG-yâ-GÝ-¤P-z-n¤Å-¾-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-z¿e-dôGÅ-hP-¼ôGÅ-¤Gôm-GmP-fzÅ-hGôÅ-G¾ü [uÛ-¤ôÅü]

Vô¾-GÅÞ¤-¤Û-¤P-»ôPÅ-µôGÅ-VÛG-zOÛ¾-hGôÅ-q-hï-mÛ- 1959 ¾ô-¤WâG-bà-GmÅ-¤VôG-lô-Xï-Ghm-hÝ-Vô¾-GÅÞ¤-¤Û¤P-»ôPÅ-mÅ-¤fÞm-¾¤-lôG-¯-VÛG-zOÛ¾-¿UGÅ-ˆÛ-GôP-zÞ-¿e-zÞ-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»Ûm-ŸïÅ-¤mº-Gm-¤fÞ-¤ô-Vï-wÞ¾-z-zŸÛm-Vô¾GÅÞ¤-Åï¼-B- ¤Û-¤P-f¤Å-Th-xôGÅ-¿ËàP-ºfïm-Eï¼-ÇtP-Çeï-¤fÞm-¾¤-lôG-¯-VÛG-zOÛ¾-¿UGÅ-ˆÛ-GôP-zÞ-¿e-zÞ-GmPMã-mÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-ˆÛ-mÝÅ-ÇeôzÅ-Vï-ÁôÅ-ÅÞ-¤Pômü [uÛ-¤ôÅ]

[D] ¤P-G®ô-ºwï¾-¼Û¤-Ç+ô¼-hGôPÅ-±ß¾ü 1] ¤P-G®ô-ºwï¾-¼Û¤-fôG-GŸÛ-¼Û¤-¤P-±ôGÅ-mÅ-zTº-FÛ¤Å-hGôPÅ-hôm-¤P-G®ôºÛ-fôz-fP-Vï-ÁôÅ-Gh¤Å-‚-ºhï¤Å‚ïh-ˆÛ-Gô-Ç+zÅ-hÝÅ-mÅ-hÝÅ-ÅÞ-„ÀP-fÞz-qºÛ-ºGm-DÞ¼-¾ïm-Mã-ÁÛm-bà-mÅ-G¾-Vï-z-»Ûmü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 2]

uÛ-ºfÞÅ-ˆÛ-¾Å-»Þm-hï-z;º-FÛºÛ-¾Å-»Þm-¿e¼-hÝÅ-±ôh-±h-z;G-PïÅ-q¼-hÝ-»ôP-xÛ¼-zTº-FÛ¤Å-¾-ºHã¼-z-»ôP-zŸÝ-Mãü [¤P-¤ôÅü] 50

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3] Å-ºfÞÅ-¤ïh-qºÛ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-zÇkôh-GmÅ-DG-bà-¤P-G®ôºÛ-zTº-FÛ¤Å-ºIô-¾ÞGÅ-hP-¤fÞm-q-Å-ºfÞÅ-±ßGÅ-fÞz-qGmP-Mã¼-GŸÝP-¤P-GZÛÅ-mÅ-ºzh-z¯ôm-GmP-Mãü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 4]

z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-ˆÛ-¤P-G®ô-Æ-zdm-»ôP-ÇÀh-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-G®ôÅ-GŸÝP-hP-GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-qÅôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-¤P-G®ôºÛ-ºIô-¾ÞGÅ-Ç+ô¼-¸z-¢ôP-GmP-hP-GmP-¤ÞÅ-»Ûm-»P.ü ÇÀh-xÛm-Å-GmÅ-Åô-ÅôºÛ-ºƒï¾-»ôh-mÅºGm-@P-„ÀPÅ-bï-¸z-¢ôP-GP-¤P-Gô-OÛG-‚-hGôÅ-q-hP.ü hïºÛ-ºIô-Iôm-¼P-GŸÝP-mÅ-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-GmP-fÞz-mwm-fôG-»ôP-PïÅü [uÛ-¤ôÅü]

zTº-FÛ¤Å-hGôPÅ-hôm-¿e¼-Å-GmÅ-ºGô-º²Ûm-Å-GmÅ-¤Û-¤P-¼P-mÅ-¤P-G®ôºÛ-ºIô-¾ÞGÅ-hP-¤fÞm-q-zÇ+ô-zŸGfÞz-q-‚ãP-m-hGï-±m-Vï-z-¤Pômü [uÛ-¤ôÅü]

&GôP-Å-BzÅ-¤Gôm-M¾-z-f¤Å-Th-¤Eïm-TÛP-G¸ÛGÅ-q-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-GÛ-hzÞ-ºFÛh-¾-¿eôÅ-¤Û-hGôÅ-qºÛ-¤P-G®ôhGôÅ-Ç+ô¼-GÅÞPÅ-¤Dm-hï-hG-¾-±ôGÅ-VßP- G [1] mÅ-¤fº-GTÛG-bà-hGG-q-hP-Pô-zLô¾-‚-Mã-»Ûmü [uÛ-¤ôÅü]

[G] hq¾-º‚ô¼-Ç+ô¼ü 1] z;º-ÁG-GÛ-GÅÞPÅ-zÁh-mP-hÐP-„ÀPÅ-hr-F¾-zÇkÝ-zzÅ-GôP-fô¼-GbôP-zºÛ-¾Å-GŸÛ-Çtï¾-ºV¼-»ôh-q¼-»Ûh¼PÅ-ŸÝ-z-hP-VzÅ-TÛG-zôh-ˆÛ-»Þ¾-¤Û-hÐP-„ÀPÅ-hr-hPÞ¾-ºzÞ¾-hGôÅ-¤Dm-»ôh-hô-TôG-mÅ-º±ï¤Å-¾ÞÅ-¤ïh-q¼hr-hPÞ¾-zÇkÝ-fzÅ-xG-¾ïm-ºDï¾-z-GmP-BôP-»ôP-z-ŸÝ-Mãü [uÛ-¤ôÅ] 2]

h-¾¤-±ôGÅ-zT¼-z-zMãh-Å-GmÅ-¤P-±ôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-zÅ¤-ÁôG-DG-mP-¼P-GŸÝP-GÛ-hq¾-º‚ô¼-»¼-MÅ-¾-Ç¨m-qºÛÇÀh-hr-hPÞ¾-Çt¼-V-ŸÝ-MãºÛ-hP-¾ïm-ŸÝÅ-ºhÝG-q-hP.ü hï-zŸÛm-±ôGÅ-zT¼-z-±ôGÅ-¤Û-n¤Å-qÅ-ˆP-hGôPÅºV¼-hï-hG-¾-Mz-Bô¼-GmP-ŸÛP-hr-hPÞ¾-Çt¼-VºÛ-±h-GŸÛ-zôh-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-mÅ-fÞGÅ-fG-WÛ-ºiVôhˆP-hÐP-¾ïm-ŸÝ-Mãü [¤P-¤ôÅ] 51

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3] ¼P-GŸÝP-GÛ-ºV¼-GŸÛ-¾¤-Çeôm-ºôG-zôh-ˆÛ-hPÞ¾-DP-ŸÛG-GÅ¼-º²âGÅ-GmP-fÞz-m-zôh-¤Û-¼P-GÛ-hPÞ¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛhPÞ¾-DP-hï¼-Mãm-ºDô¼-fÞz-q-‚ãP-GÁÛÅü z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-h¤PÅ-GZÛÅ-;¼-wm-fôG-Vï-z-»ôP-PïÅ-¾-ÅôP-hï¿e¼-º²âGÅ-fzÅ-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-GmP-Mãü [uÛ-¤ôÅ] 4]

Åô-m¤-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-DG-bà-ÇS¼-Mãm-Çeôm-ºƒÅ-ˆÛ-¾¤-Æô¾-zXï-ºHã¼-HÛÅ-Å-GmÅ-¾-ŸÛGÅ-qºÛ-ÁÛP-ºƒÅ-ÅôGÅºhïzÅ-º²âGÅ-ˆÛ-¾Å-GŸÛ-DG-M-Bïh-fÞz-m-hGï-±m-Vï-z¼-¤Pômü [¤P-¤ôÅ]

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h-¿eºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-HÛ-Çkï-±m-DG-¤Þ-¤fÞh-»¼-MÅ-GôP-ºwï¾-GbôP-ÇÀhü ¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¿Ëm-DP-mÅ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-uÛ±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-yâ-GÝ-Bï-ºwï¾-HÛ-ºw¼-VG-hP-ü h-¿eºÛ-ÇÀôz-I-DG-hP-uÛ-»ôPÅ-ˆÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-HÛ-Gmh-±h-ÅôGÅ-±h-¿kmZ¤Å-ŸÛz-¤fÛ¾-xÛm-GmP-Çeïü hGôÅ-PïÅ-Tm-HÛ-IPÅ-fôºÛ-¼ïºÞ-¤ÛG-ÅôGÅ-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-¾¤-Çeôm-Gbm-ºzïzÅGmP-hGôÅ-q-hP-ü ¿ËG-q¼-zôh-¤Û-¤P-±ôGÅ-mÅ-hGôÅ-PïÅ-¤fÞm-ºHã¼-ŸÝ-hGôÅü hï-¿e¼-‚ãP-±ï-ÁïÅ-»ôm-GôP64

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

ºwï¾-HÛ-¾Å-hôm-fôG-ºV¼-GŸÛ-¾¤-Çeôm-GÅ¼-q-z¸ô-Mã¼-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-wm-fôGÅ-½ÀzÅ-Vïm-»ôP-Mã-Ghôm-¤Û-¸-z-hïhôm-xG-zÇe¼-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 10] zôh-¤ÛºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-Fôh-¼Û¤-qÅ-ÇÀôz-I-GÅ¼-MG-GÛ-¾Å-GŸÛ-ºi-¤Ûm-Çtï¾-¤Dm-»ôP-Mã¼-ÅôP-ü ÇÀôz-I-hï-hG-±h-¿kmhP-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-¾-fÞGÅ-wm-GÅôÅ-q-»ôP-xÛ¼-¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¿Ëm-DP-mÅ-ÇÀôz-I-DG-¾-FÛ¤Å-¤fÞm-ÇePÅº²Ûm-hÝÅ-mÅ-hÝÅ-ÅÞ-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 11] ¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¾Å-DÞPÅ-ˆÛÅ-GmP-hP-GmP-zŸÛm-qºÛ-f-Ç‰h-Gbm-ºzïzÅ-WÛ-»ôh-¼P-¼ïºÛ-OÛG-º²âGÅ-DGhP-¤P-±ôGÅ-zTÅ-mÅ-¾G-zÇe¼-GmP-fÞz-q-‚ãP-±ïü Ç+h-»ÛG-mP-f-Ç‰h-GTÛG-Hã¼-»ôP-Mã¼-wm-fôGÅ-Vï-z¼ÅôP-ü hï-¾ÞGÅ-zMãh-¾¤-DG-G®ô-Hã¼-xôGÅ-±P-¤Å-¾G-zÇe¼-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 12] zôh-¤ÛºÛ-¤-ºôPÅ-GŸôm-BïÅ-¤Û-¼zÅ-±ô¼-ÁïÅ-»ôm-ºwï¾-MÅ-hP-¤Z¤-hÝ-z¸P-qôºÛ-»ôm-bm-n¤Å-Mãm-ºWGÅ-fÞzfzÅ-ÅÞü G®ô-Vï-¤P-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-Dô¼-»ÞG-uÛ-hP-ü »P-ÇKôÅ-¾Å-ˆÛ-Çoï-¤ô¼-GbôGÅ-q-»ôPÅ-hP-ü hGï-Lmü w-¤zTÅ-mÅ-¼P-¼ÛGÅ-zÞ-yâG-GŸôm-BïÅ-±ô¼-z¸P-uôh-hP-¿km-qºÛ-hqï-Çeôm-GmP-Mã-G¾-ºGPÅ-Vï-z¼-zdïmü xôGÅ±P-¤Å-»Ûh-G¸z-mm-bm-hP-ºƒï¾-xÛ-mP-ÇKô-;Ým-mÅ-z¸P-qôºÛ-uôh-¾¤-hÝ-ºWâG-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 13] hïP-Ç+zÅ-M-z¾-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-wÞhü xÛ-M¾-»Þ¾-Iâ-GŸm-hÝ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-¾ô-¼ï-mÅ-¾ô-¼ï¼-Vï-¼Þ-ºIô-zŸÛm-qºÛÇ+zÅ-ºhÛ¼ü ¼P-¼ïºÛ-¯-VïºÛ-Ç+h-»ÛG-Gô¤Å-GÁÛÅ-ÅôGÅ-¼Û¤-zŸÛm-¯-z½ÀG-ºIô-Zïm-¾-ÅôP-ü ¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG¿Ëm-DP-hP-ü ºƒï¾-»ôh-Ç+Ý-±z-hôm-DP-DG-Åô-Åô-mÅ-xÛ-M¾-DG-GÛ-zôh-yâG-GŸôm-BïÅ-±ôºÛ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-Ç+h-»ÛG-¼ÛGGŸÝP-¤Û-Z¤Å-Mãh-º²Ûm-fÞz-ÇÀhü ÇÀôz-I-º²âGÅ-Mã-ÅôGÅ-hGôÅ-PïÅ-ˆÛ-¤fÞm-ºHã¼-¢¼-hGôÅ-q-hP-ü hï-zŸÛm(uÛ-¤ôÅü) ºƒï¾-»ôh-w-¤-n¤Å-mÅ-fÞGÅ-ºGm-zŸïÅ-hGôÅü(uÛ 14] ¼P-¼ïºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-»¼-MÅ-Gô¤-ÇezÅ-ÇÀhü ÁïÅ-»ôm-®¤-¤-¸hü xôGÅ-»ôPÅ-ˆÛ-¾Å-¼ÛGÅ-ºi-¤Ûm-¢ôP-zl¼GmP-Mã-ÁÛm-bà-mÅ-G¾-ºGPÅ-Vï-zÅü ¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¿Ëm-DP-hP-ºƒï¾-»ôh-w-¤-zTÅ-mÅ-zôh-yâG-±ô¼-¾Å65

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

¼ÛGÅ-ºi-¤Ûm-HÛ-ÇÀôz-¢ôP-mP-º²â¾-ŸÝGÅ-hGôÅ-qºÛ-Gô-zÇ+ôm-ÇÀôz-GÅô-Mãm-¤Û-Vh-q-hP-ü hGôÅ-PïÅ-ˆÛ-¤fÞm-Aïm»P-Ç+zÅ-¤±¤Å-Åô-Åô¼-¢¼-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 15] ¼P-¼ÛGÅ-¾Å-ˆÛ-Çoï-¤ô-zÅ-G®ôÅ-Lm-h¼-GŸôm-GÅÞ¤-±P-¤Å-¼P-¼ïºÛ-Ç+h-»ÛG-hP-ü ¼ÛG-GŸÝP-Gô¤Å-GÁÛÅ-z¸Pqô-¤Û-Z¤Å-Mãh-º²Ûm-hP-zhG-vôh-‚-Mã¼-xôGÅ-±P-¤Å-hÝÅ-Mãm-hÝ-¿Ëôh-G»ïP-hÝ-¤-ÅôP-z¼-»Ûh-G¸z-PP-f-m-ÇKô(uÛ-¤ôÅü) ‚P-hP-¸Å-fô-ÅôGÅ-¼P-Ç+h-G®P-¤-zïh-uôh-‚-G¾ü(uÛ 16] ¼P-¼ïºÛ-ºƒï¾-»ôh-OÛG-º²âGÅ-DG-mÅ-ÇÀôz-yâG-G®ô-Hã¼-zôh-qºÛ-GŸôm-BïÅ-±ô¼-ÇÀôz-GÅôºÛ-¾Å-¼Û¤-Mãm-zÆÛPÅÇtï¾-zºÛ-fôG ÇÀôz-hïz-ºi-¤Ûm-¿e->ÀôG-hP-ü ºƒÛ-¯ô¤-HÛ-Gô¤Å-GÁÛÅ-ºWGÅ-MãºÛ-¾Å-¼Û¤-Çtï¾-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 17] ¾G-ºEï¼-HÛ-V-Aïm-¤Û-¿km-»P-zôh-¤Û-±h-GŸÛ-hP-¿km-qºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-Tm-n¤Å-uÛ-±ôGÅ-Fôh-fÞGÅ-wm-GÅôÅ-xÛ¼¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¿Ëm-DP-mÅ-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-±ôGÅ-VßP-¸Þ¼-z®ßGÅ-ˆÛÅ-DôP-n¤-qºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-HÛ-±h-GŸÛ-MãGÅGŸÛºÛ-¾¤-mÅ-zŸïÅ-bïü DôP-±ôºÛ-ÁïÅ-±h-¾-hqG-qºÛ-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-¾G-ºEï¼-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 18] ¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¾Å-DÞPÅ-mÅ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-Fôh-ˆÛ-xÛ-mP-GÛ-¼ÛG-GmÅ-¾-¤Eïm-M-Vï-zºÛ-¤Û-Ço-Ghm-ŸÝ-hPºƒï¾-hÝÅ-mÅ-hÝÅ-ÅÞ-±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-zÇkÝ-zÇ+ôP-GÛÅ-DôP-±ôºÛ-¾¤-Çeôm-n¤Å-zŸïÅ-hGôÅ-q-G¾-ºGPÅ-Vïü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 19] zôh-¤ÛºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-»¼-MÅ-Vïh-¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-hP-hq¾-º‚ô¼-¿Ëm-DP-fÞm-¤ôP-mÅ-EÛ¤-±P-Bô-zºÛ-w-¤ºÛ-zôhyâG-¤fô-¼Û¤-ÇÀôz-¢ôP-GmP-zŸÛm-q-n¤Å-¾-ÇÀôz-»ôm-Vïhü h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-Bïh-VßP-zÞm-G»¼-GÅ¼-Gbôh-‚ãP-±ï-wmfôGÅ-»ôP-Mã¼-ÅôP-ü hï-hôm-ºƒï¾-»ôh-mÅ-xG-zÇe¼-»ôP-zü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 20] zôh-¤ÛºÛ-ÇÀôz-IÔ-DG-¾-¤hÝm-¾¤-ÇÀôz-Çeôm-qºÛ-Å-¤ÛG-ZÝP-Bôm-¾-ÅôP-ü ¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¾Å-DÞPÅ-hP-ºƒï¾»ôh-DG-mÅ-¼P-¼ïºÛ-hGôÅ-¤Dô-hP-º±¤-qºÛ-¤hÝm-¾¤-ÇÀôz-Çeôm-q-zÇ+ô-GŸG-hP-ºƒï¾ü uÛ-ÇKï¼-OÛG-º²âGÅ-±P¤ºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-ÇÀôz-Çeôm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-hÝÅ-mÅ-hÝÅ-ÅÞ-zÇ+ôP-±ôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-xôGÅ-±P-¤Å-zÞ-yâG-n¤Å-¾-¾¤-Çeôm-GmP-zhP-ºƒï¾-x¼-Iâ-¤Z¤-ºhïGÅ-ŸÝ-hGôÅü (hGG-V- 1 ±h-¤fôºÛ-¤P-¤ôÅü) 66

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

21] ¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¿Ëm-DP-mÅ-zôh-yâG-º²Ûm-¼Û¤-zTß-GZÛÅ-fôm-XïÅ-¾¤-ÅïP-¤fô-ÇÀôz-bà-¤-zbP-z¼-¾ô-GTÛG-¼ÛPz¼-¤±¤Å-zŸG-q-hP-ºƒï¾ü zôh-¤Û-®¤-HÛÅ-¤-¸h-¤Û-±h-¿km-z¸ô-MãºÛ-¼P-GÛ-Ç+h-»ÛG-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-ÅôGÅ-z¸Puôh-ˆÛ-Gmh-hôm-fh-h¤ÛGÅ-¾¤-Çeôm-GmP-Çeïü ¾ô-GTÛG-XïÅ-¤fô-ÇÀôz-DG-bà-GbôP-MãºÛ-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-¾¤-Æô¾-GbôhG¾-Vï-z-¤P-¤ôÅ-hGG-V-‚ãP.ü [ hGG-V- 10ü Mz-Bô¼- 7ü z¼-zŸÝGÅ- 7ü] 22] zôh-¤ÛºÛ-ÇÀôz-I-DG-bà-zôh-ˆÛ-Ç+h-»ÛG-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-hP-M¾-¼zÅ-¾ô-MãÅ-ÇÀôz-FÛh-®¤-¤-»Ûm-q¼ü zôh-ˆÛ-Dô¼-»ÞG-hP-ü Å-hrh-¼ÛG-qü z¸P-uôh-ÅôGÅ-¼P-¼ïºÛ-¯-VïºÛ-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-G¾-VïºÛ-ÇÀôz-GŸÛ-DG-ÇÀôz-±m-hÝ-zŸG-Çeïü ÇÀôz-ºFÛh-GmP-G¾-Vïü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 23] ºƒï¾-»ôh-±P-¤Å-Å-GmÅ-ÇÀôz-I-DG-bà-hGï-Lm-zÇ+ô-GŸG-hÝÅ-fôG-hGôÅ-G¾-Vï-z-hP-ü ¿ËG-q¼-¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ¼ÛG-¿Ëm-DP-mÅ-¼P-¼ïºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-hï-ÇSºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-Çkï-±m-mP-ŸzÅ-ŸÝ-GmP-¥ôP-»ôh-qºÛ-Z¤Å-¥ôP-Tm-n¤ÅhÝÅ-mÅ-hÝÅ-ÅÞ-±ôGÅ-zÇ+ôP-GÛÅ-DôP-±ôºÛ-Z¤Å-¥ôP-¾Å-ÇÀôz-GÅô-zŸïÅ-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 24] z;º-ÁG-mÅ-Oæz-xôGÅ-ˆÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-Çtï¾-xôGÅ-fh-uÛ-»ôPÅ-¾¤-Çeôm-GmP-¸Ûm-q-¾Å-ÁïÅ-»ôm-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-¾¤(uÛ-¤ôÅü) Çeôm-n¤Å-xôGÅ-±P-¤Å-¾G-¾ïm-hôm-ºEô¾-GmP-hGôÅü(uÛ 25] ÁïÅ-»ôm-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-GŸÝP-ÇKï¼-OÛG-º²âGÅ-DG-mÅ-ÇÀôz-IºÛ-hGï-Lm-n¤Å-ˆÛ-GÅô¾-wôGÅ-¿kïP-PïÅ-ºzÞ¾-hGôÅ-qhP-ü ¿ËG-q¼-ÇSôm-ºIô-hP-h¤º-¼Û¤-ÇÀôz-IºÛ-hGï-Lm-n¤Å-ˆÛ-GÅô¾-wôGÅ-fh-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-GmPhGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 26] ¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¾Å-DÞPÅ-hP-ºƒï¾-»ôh-DG-mÅ-hÝÅ-mÅ-hÝÅ-ÅÞ-hGï-Lm-n¤-qºÛ-ÁïÅ-±h-fh-hrh-ŸÛz-hPºƒï¾ü MãGÅ-GŸÛ-OÛ¤-hGôÅ-qºÛ-¾¤-¾ÞGÅ-GÅ¼-Gbôh-hGôÅ-q-¤P-¤ôÅ-‚ãP.ü [ Mz-Bô¼- 7ü hGG-V- 3ü z¼-zŸÝGÅ- 14ü]

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

27] M-G¼-HÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-¾¤-¾ÞGÅ-mP-¼Û¤-zŸÛm-ºHã¼-ºIôÅ-ºIô-zŸÛm-q¼-zdïmü ¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¿Ëm-DP-G®ô-Hã¼ºƒï¾-»ôh-±P-¤Å-Gmh-hôm-hï-hG-fôG-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 28] zôh-¤ÛºÛ-Gbm-ZÛm-ÇÀôz-I-DG-GÛ-º²Ûm-¼Û¤-zTß-GZÛÅ-fôm-qºÛ-ÇÀôz-¤-±ô-G®ô-Vï-M-G¼-M¾-»ôPÅ-hP-ü »P-ÇKôÅºƒï¾-»ôh-¤Pº-Çkï-Åô-ÅôºÛ-G®ßG-¾G-ÇÀôz-GZï¼-DP-ºi-¤Ûm-mP-¼ÛGÅ-GTÛG-@P-º²Ûm-HÛ-ÇÀôz-¢ôP-Gô-Ç+zÅ-z¸P-qôfôz-ÇÀhü ÇÀôz-yâG-hï-hG-¾-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-±m-¼ÛG-hP-ÍP-¯ÛÅ-ÅôGÅ-¸Þ¼-¢ôP-ÇÀôz-FÛh-GmP-MãºÛ-¤fÞm-Aïm-¼PGŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¿Ëm-DP-mÅ-zCæm-GmP-hGôÅ-q-¤P-¤ôÅ-‚ãP-ü (Mz-Bô¼- 7ü hGG-V- 1 z¼-zŸÝGÅ- 16ü) 29] ¼P-¼ïºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-ºƒï¾-»ôh-Çkï-±m-DG-mÅ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-VïÅ-h;ôm-qºÛ-hïP-¼zÅ-hP-¤fÞm-qºÛ-¤fôÇÀôz-ˆÛ-ÇÀôz-¢ôP-fhü h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-Mz-GZï¼-hP-¤fÞm-ºHã¼-¼ôGÅ-¼¤-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 30] ¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¿Ëm-DP-mÅ-¼P-¼ïºÛ-Gbm-ZÛm-ÇÀôz-I-DG-GÛ-VôÅ-hGï-zÇ+ô-GŸG-fh-ºƒï¾-»ôh-hGôm-Çkï-I-±PDG-GÛ-¤Dm-¼Ûm-qô-Vï-n¤-q¼-fh-;¼-ºƒï¾-z-ŸÝÅ-bïü VôÅ-hGï-iG-ºhï¤Å-fÞz-fzÅ-ºzh-z¯ôm-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 31] zôh-ˆÛ-VôÅ-¾ÞGÅ-¼ÛÅ-¤ïh-ˆÛ-hGôm-Çkï-I-±P-DG-bà-G®ô-Vï-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-fÞm-¤ôP-¤-»Ûm-qºÛ-VôÅ-hP-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-Ç+h-»ÛGÅôGÅ-ÇÀôz-ºFÛh-GmP-zŸÛm-qºÛ-fôG ±m-¼ÛG-G®ôÅ-hïP-¼zÅ-ˆÛ-ÁïÅ-‚-»P-ÇÀôz-ºFÛh-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 32] zôh-¤ÛºÛ-Gbm-ZÛm-ÇÀôz-IÔ-DG-GTÛG-bà-Mãm-Gbm-ÇÀôz-ºFÛh-fôG zIô-JÀïP-hP-¯ïh-¼ÛGÅ-¾-ÅôGÅ-GŸm-¾Å-hôm-ºi¤Ûm-¤P-iG-qºÛ-Ç+Ý-P¾-¾-ÅôP.ü ºƒï¾-»ôh-ÇÀôz-IÔ-DG-GmÅ-hï-¾ÞGÅ-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-»ôP-zºÛ-uÛ-¤ôÅ-hGG-V-‚ãP.ü [hGG-V- 10ü Mz-Bô¼- 2ü z¼-ŸÝGÅ- 12ü]

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zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

¤²h-G®ô-¾Å-º²Ûm-q-n¤-qÅ-zhG-vôh-hP.ü Ç‰m-fôºÛ-mP-hôm-DG-¾-xG-zÇe¼-hôm-ºEô¾-»ôP-z-GmP-hGôÅ-qºÛuÛ-¤ôÅ-‚ãP-z-zTÅ-±ôGÅ-VßP- [P] qºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-zÅ¤-ºV¼-hÝü ±ôGÅ-VßP-GÛ-±ôGÅ-¤Û-fÞôP-mÅxÛ-¾ô- 2010 ¹- 8 ±ïÅ- 29 ¾ü

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zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

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zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

{}üü zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-hP-qôºÛ-fôG-±ôGÅ-VßPT- qºÛ-zÅ¤-ºV¼-xôGÅ-zÇkô¤Å-Ç‰m-fôü Vz-ÆÛh-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-Ç+ô¼ü 1] &GôP-Å-¤VôG-GÛÅ-hzÞ-ºFÛh-qºÛ-zôh-GŸÝP-GÛ-Gbm-¾-wz-qºÛhzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-HÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-ºhÛ-GŸÛ-¼Û¤-¤P-±ôGÅ-mP-Pô-vôh-MVï¼-GmP-Mã¼-ÁÝGÅ-Çoôm-¤Þ-¤fÞh-zMz-hGôÅ-q-hP.ü h-»ôh½ÀâP-ºyÛm-hP.GÅ¼-ºHã¼-zMãh-¾¤ü zôh-¾-GZïm-ºyhzBôh-¤Û-zMãh-mÅ-GŸÛÅ-ŸÝGÅ-zôh-¤Û¼-Pô-vôh-‚-fzÅ-GmPMãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 2] uÛ-mô¼-&GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-hP-¼P-GŸÝP-GÛÅzôh-hôm-zhïm-¤fº-GÅ¾-fzÅ-ÅÞ-º²Ûm-zŸÛm-qºÛ-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-HÛÆÛh-WâÅ-¾-Mz-Bô¼-V-±P-ŸÝ-zŸÛm-»ôh-mºP-ü hï¼-hÝÅ-±ïÅ-±h-z;G-TÛG-PïÅ-q¼-hGôÅ-G¾-Vï-z-hP.ü TÛ-ÇeïhÝÅ-±ïÅ-PïÅ-Tm-mP-zôh-M-GZÛÅ-wm-HÛ-ÆÛh-WâÅ-hï¼-M-xôGÅ-mÅ-ÇS¼-¿e¼-»-¾m-¤-‚ãP-±ï-hï¼-¤fÞm-ÆÛh-WâÅ-ÁÛGh-¿e-mÅ-I-OÛG-GmP-ºôÅ-GmP-G¾-Vïü (¤P-¤ôÅü) 3] zôh-¼P-z®m-hP.ü ¾¤-hzÞ-¤-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-¿e-Iâz-GP-»Ûm-¼ÞP-¤f¼-fÞG-GÛ-h¤ÛGÅ-»Þ¾-mÛ-zôh-hôm-zhïm-¤fº-GÅ¾Vïh-»Ûm-ÇezÅü ¿e-Iâz-hï-GZÛÅ-º²Ûm-¤Dm-hz¼-wm-±ßm-ºG¾-¹-¿eG-vôh.¿e-zÞ-¤Ûm-q¼ü xôGÅ-wm-±ßm-±P-¤Åwm-±ßm-GÝ-ÁPÅ-hP.ü GÝÅ-z¯Û-‚ïh-qºÛ-fôG-hï-mÛ-zôh-ˆÛ-¯-hôm-Vïh-»Ûm-q-¤P-±ôGÅ-mP-GÅ¾-qô-z¸ô-hGôÅ-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 4]

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zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

ÆÛh-ˆÛ-ÇÀôz-GÅô-ºGô-z®ßGÅ-bï-zôh-ˆÛ-ºhÅ-qºÛ-M¾-¼zÅ-¾ô-MãÅ-hP.ü h-¿eºÛ-zôh-ˆÛ-GmÅ-ÇePÅü ¤-ºôPÅ-qºÛGmÅ-zzü M¾-GTïÅ-‚-Mã-zTÅ-ÇÀôz-ºFÛh-‚-fzÅ-¾-¤fô-¼Û¤-ÇÀôz-¤Å-G®ôÅ-ÁÝGÅ-Çoôm-zMz-hGôÅ-qü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 5] fzÅ-¾¤-Ço-±ôGÅ-zMãh-mÅ-zôh-mP-GÛ-M¾-GTïÅ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-z-hP-ü ¯ô¤-q-qôü GŸÅ-qü „À-¤-hP-IÔ-z®ßmü ¤Dm-qô-ÅôGÅ-zhG-qô-zMz-Mã¼-¤Þ-¤fÞh-ÁÝGÅ-Çoôm-hP.ü Gm¤-Å-ÇKô-º‚ïh-¾-ÅôGÅ-qºÛ-zôh-mP-GÛ-M¾-GTïÅz¯¤Å-VôÅ-hP.ü O-fG-¾-ÅôGÅ-q-zôh-GŸÝP-hP-ü ¼P-hzP-¾ÞP-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-Çkï-DG-mÅ-hq¼-zCæm-HÛÅ-DôPn¤-qºÛ-Åï¤Å-ÁÝGÅ-zhG-qô-MG-hGôÅ-qü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 6]

M-xôGÅ-mÅ-¾¤-hzÞ-¤-hï-zŸÛm-mÝz-xôGÅ-D-ƒ¾-qÅ-¤-¼ÞPÅ-DôG-zTßG-GÛÅ-zMãh-zÇ+Ý¾-‚Å-q-»Ûm-±ß¾-M-¤Û¼ÛGÅ-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-mP-GP-Å¼-zXôh-zŸÛm-q¼-zdïm-zôh-GŸÝP-hP-ü GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤Ûm-qºÛ-OÛG-º²âGÅ-DG-mÅ-hzÞ¤ºÛ-¾¤-hï-zŸÛm-zôh-GŸÛÅ-‚ïÅ-GZÛÅ-ˆÛ-¤P-±ôGÅ-mÅ-zÅ¤-ÁôG-ºôÅ-zÇkÝ-‚Å-q-¤-¸hü zôh-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm±ôGÅ-mÅ-IôÅ-Vôhü zôh-M¾-»ôPÅ-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-±ôGÅ-Vïm-mÅ-¤WâG-Çoôm-IôÅ-Vôh-zŸG-qºÛ-ÆÛh-WâÅ-ÁÛG-»Ûmq-M-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-G®ôÅ-qºÛ-M¾-uÛºÛ-ÇkÛPÅ-V¼-ÇS¼-¿ËG-GÅ¾-Çeôm-‚-Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

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zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

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10] h-¿e-M-mG-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-xÛ-M¾-hôm-GTôh-DG-bà-zôh-hôm-MãÅ-Tm-¤Û-Ço-z;ôh-OÛG-‚Å-bïü zôh-qºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-º²â¾fzÅ-ˆÛÅ-h=âG-Ám-h‚ïm-¢ô¼-‚-fzÅ-hP.ü xÛ¼-GbôP-M-¤ÛºÛ-ÇÀôz-yâG-DG-¾-zôh-hôm-ºEôG-zÁh-ˆÛ-iÛ¾-zOGÅ»ÛG-V-ÁÝGÅ-Vï-Çtï¾-zŸÛm-q¼-GhôP-¾ïm-HÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-Gbm-ºzïzÅ-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 11] M¾-uÛºÛ-FÛ¤Å-fôG-mÅ-z¿eÅ-m-z®m-º²â¾-‚Å-qºÛ-»Þ¾-Iâ-ŸÛG-¾-¤Û-ºzô¼-GmÅ-ÇtôÅ-‚Å-¤Û-VôG-q-GŸÛ¼-z¸Þ¼ü M-mG-GÛÅ-G»ô-NåºÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-Ço-¤Ûm-fôG-M-¤Û-ºzô¼-Vïm-zôh-¾-GmÅ-ÇtôÅ-ˆÛÅ-zôh-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-¯-z½ÀGÅ-ÅÞ-GbôP-z-hP.ü zôh-ˆÛ-VôÅ-hP-¼ÛG-GŸÝP.ü Ç+h-»ÛG Dô¼-»ÞG-¯-Gbô¼-zbP-hP-GbôP-zŸÛm-q¼-±ôGÅ-Vïm-ºhÛºÛ-fôG-mÅ-Pô-Lô¾¤fº-GTÛG-bà-‚-MãºÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-zOGÅ-Gb¤-ŸÛG-Çtï¾-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 12] º²¤-JÀÛP-Å-xôGÅ-GP-Å¼-¤fô-ÇÀôz-ºIÛ¤-zŸÛm-qºÛ-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-ÇÀôz-¤-n¤Å-¾-Vz-ÆÛh-ˆÛ-Gô-dôGÅ-Çtï¾-Vïhü M¾uÛºÛ-¼P-zŸÛm-HÛ-¤fô-ÇÀôz-ÇÀôz-¤ºÛ-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-hÝÅ-zÇeàm-zÇ+ôP-fzÅ-GmP-G¾ü (¤P-¤ôÅü)

¤P-G®ô-ºwï¾-¼Û¤-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-Ç+ô¼ü 1]

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zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

3] ‚P-Í-¼Û-hP-Á¼-Íï-Á-»-Å-GmÅ-DG-bà-zôh-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-ˆÛ-Å-¤ÛG-GÅ¼-Gbôh-hP-IPÅ-Çt¼-hGôÅ-qü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 4]

uÛ-ºfÞÅ-ˆÛ-»Þm-±h-±h-z;G-z¸ô-hGôÅ-qü (¤P-¤ôÅü)

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6] z;º-FÛ-hP-zôh-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-hPôÅ-GŸÛºÛ-ºôÅ-zÇkÝºÛ-Ç+zÅ-ºôÅ-¤ÛG-n¤Å-ºôÅ-dGÅ-hP-ü ºi-hq¼-¤Z¤-¢¼‚ãP-m-hGï-¤±m-Vï-z-hP.ü Ç+zÅ-Åô-ÅôºÛ-ºôÅ-zÇkÝºÛ-mP-V-ÁÅ-¾ïm-¤ÛºÛ-wô-¤ô-hP.ü Lm-GŸôm-HÛ-IPÅ-fôº¤zM-V-WÛ-»ôh-ˆÛ-fô-GŸÝP-zhG-Z¼-GmP-G¾-hP.ü Ç+zÅ-zÇeàm-GÅ¾-zOGÅ-GmP-fÞz-m-¤P-G®ô-»¼-MÅ±GÅ-±ßh-»ôP-z¼-wm-ºƒÅ-Vïü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-Ç+ô¼ü 1]

zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-‚ïh-Mã-mÛ-zôh-hôm-ºfz-¯ôh-ˆÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-G¾-ºGPÅ-Vï-ÁôÅ-ÁÛG-»Ûm-q¼-zdïmü zôh-GŸÝP-iÛ¾zOGÅ-¾Å-DÞPÅ-ˆÛ-Ez-DôPÅ-ÅÞ-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-M-mG-GÛ-Gmh-hôm-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-Z¤Å-ŸÛz-DP-GÅ¼-º²âGÅ-hP.ü ¾Å-‚ïh-q-hï-zŸÛm-Eh-¾Å-q-Á-ÇeG-zÇ+ô-GŸG-GmP-fÞz-hGôÅ-q-ÁÛm-bà-G¾-Vïü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

3] zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-‚ïh-q¼-zôh-GŸÝP-mÅ-zôh-¼P-z®m-HÛ-‚ãP-¼zÅ-hP-ü h-¿e-zôh-hôm-zhïm-¤fº-Åï¾-fzÅ-ˆÛÆÛh-WâÅ-Ç‰ÛP-zÇkÝÅ-ÅôGÅ-±ôm-¿km-hq¼-¼ÛÅ-hP-zTÅ-¿eïz-¯ÛG-Tm-HÛ-¿e-zhïºÛ-ÁôG-zÞ-Ç+h-»ÛG-ºi-¤Ûm-fôG-z¸ô74

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

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6] M-G¼-GŸÝP-mÛ-P-±ôºÛ-GmÅ-±P-M¾-Dz-z;º-iÛm-„À-m-¤ïh-q-ŸÛG-»Ûm-q-hP.ü M-G¼-Å-GmÅ-»Þ¾-¤Û¼-zôh-hômiÛ¾-zOGÅ-HÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-¿kïP-GÛ-¤ïh-qºÛ-±ß¾-»ôP-zŸÛm-q¼-zdïm-M-G¼-Ç+h-»ÛG-fôG-JÀôG-z½‰m-z¸ô-z-ÅôGÅ-GŸÝPhP-GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-q-mÅ-zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-PïÅ-q¼-ÁÝGÅ-Vï-¼Þ-GbôP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 7]

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hïP-ÅP-fºï-¶m-hP-M-mG-Ç+¤-Å-Vïm-qô-GZÛÅ-hz¼-ºƒï¾-¾¤-»G-bà-ºIô-zŸÛm-qºÛ-Gô-Ç+zÅ-hP-zÇeàmü P-±ôÅ-M»ÛG-fôG-fÞP-fÞP-¿e-zhïºÛ-zôh-hôm-»ÛG-V-GP-¤P-ºIï¤Å-Çtï¾-‚Å-bïü hï-hG-zMãh-M-mG-mP-DÞ¾-hÝ-Ez-fÞz-qºÛºzh-z¯ôm-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

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zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

10] xÛ-M¾-»Þ¾-Iâ-DG-bà-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-uÛ-¤fÞm-±ôGÅ-qº¤ü zôh-¼ÛGÅ-±ôGÅ-q-n¤Å-ÁÛm-bà-G¾-Vï-z¼-zdïmü mP-¾-iÛ¾zOGÅ-¤ïh-m-xÛ¼-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-‚ïh-DG-qºÛ-hqï-¿e¼ü ºƒï¾-»ôh-¼P-GŸÝP-GÛ-¤²h-G®ô-hP-¤DÅ-hzP-ÅôGÅÇ+zÅ-hP-hÝÅ-zÇeàm-Å-GmÅ-Åô-Åô¼-Ghm-ºiïm-ŸÝÅ-bï-GÅÞP-zÁh-hP-¸z-¢ôP-ÅôGÅ-Gô-OÛG-GmP-G¾-Vïü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 11] zôh-¤ÛºÛ-ºhÝÅ-Çkôh-»Þ¾-Iâ-DG-bà-&GôP-Å-¤VôG-GÛ-ºFâPÅ-Ç+¼-ÅôGÅ-GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤²h-ÇKô¼-ºƒï¾-»ôh-GŸÝP-GÛGmh-»ôh-¤Û-Ço-Vïh-hÝ-Ghm-ºiïm-ŸÝÅ-bï-zôh-hôm-»ÛG-V-ºIï¤Å-z=¤Å-ÇS¼-¿ËG-Çtï¾-fÞz-q-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 12] zôh-GŸÝP-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-¾Å-DÞPÅ-mÅ-zôh-hôm-xÛ¼-zOGÅ-GTÛG-qÞ-¤Ûm-q¼ü >ÀôG->Àh-V-ºyÛm-i-M-zMãh-GmÅ-±ß¾¤Dô-Oæz-ˆÛ-ÇKïºÞ-DP-ŸÛG-GÅ¼-z¸ô-fÞz-mü ºƒï¾-»ôh-hô-ÇoP-Tm-±P-¤Å-GmÅ-±ß¾-GP-¼G-q-fh-;¼-GŸÝP-¾ºzÞ¾-fÞz-qºÛ-hGï-¤±m-Vïü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 13] zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-‚ïh-Ç+zÅ-PïÅ-q¼-GÅ¼-ºHã¼-iP-zhïm-hP.ü Z¤Å-ŸÛz-±h-¿kmü ºÞ¼-¾PÅ-¤-‚Å-qºÛ-fôGmÅ-GmP-hGôÅ-q-ÁÛm-bà-G¾-Vï-¾ü ¿ËG-q¼-zôh-ˆÛ-VôÅ-hP-¼ÛG-GŸÝP.ü Dô¼-»ÞG-ÅôGÅ-M-h¤¼-HÛÅ-¯-Gbô¼GbôP-zŸÛm-qºÛ-Aïm-HÛÅ-uÛ¼-º²¤-zÞ-JÀÛP-hP.ü »P-ÇKôÅ-EÛ¤-¤±ïÅ-M¾-Dz-DG-¾-Gmôh-Bôm-WÛ-fïzÅ-hP-ºƒï¾zºÛ-GmÅ-ÇePÅ-GÅ¾-zÁh-¤fÛ¾-xÛm-GmP-fÞz-hGôÅ-qü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 14] h-¿eºÛ-hÝÅ-Ç+zÅ-ºhÛ¼-zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-‚ïh-MãºÛ-D-xôGÅ-M-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-¾-xôGÅ-hGôÅ-q¼-zdïmü M-»ÛG-ÁïÅ-»ômTm-¤P-hG-TÛG-¾-¸z-¢ôP-hP-GÅô-BôP-GmP-Çeïü zôh-GŸÝP-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-¾Å-DÞPÅ-ˆÛ-M-»ÛG-Çkï-±m-M-zBïh-hÝGbôP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 15] M¾-uÛºÛ-ÇkÛPÅ-V¼-zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-‚ïh-Ç+zÅ-PïÅ-q¼-IGÅ-Tm-JÀâ-q-¤Z¤-ŸÝGÅ-Å¤ü @P-¯ïh-Çtô-¾ôºÛ-ºImzÇkÝ¼ü GŸôm-BïÅ-±ôºÛ-zÅ¤-„ÀôºÛ-ºEï¼-Åô-hP-¤fÞm-qºÛ-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-GmP-fÞz-q-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 76

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zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

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zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

{}üü üxÛ-¾ô- 2010ü8ü26 ZÛm-zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôºÛ-±ôGÅ-VßP[V-] qºÛ-±ôGÅ-zT¼-z-n¤Å-ˆÛ-hGôPÅ-±ß¾-xôGÅ-zÇkÝÅü Vz-ÆÛhü 1] M-G¼-»Þ¾-¤Û-hP-¤fÞm-ºƒï¾-GP-G¸z-GmP-hGôÅ-»ôh-qÇ¨ôÅ-¤ïh-fôG-GmÅ-»Þ¾-Åô-ÅôºÛ-»Þ¾-Ç+hü »Þ¾-FÛ¤Å-hP¼ÛG-GŸÝP-zTÅ-¾-hô-ÇoP-z¯Û-ÆâP-‚-MãºÛ-¤±ôm-hï¼-h¤ÛGÅmÅ-ºwGÅ-zôh-¤²º-±ôGÅ-»ôh-q-ÇÀ¼-GÅô- hP-¤Û-Z¤Å-VïÇtï¾-hGôÅ-qü zôh-ˆÛ-hÝÅ-Vïm-hP-¤²h-ÇKô-¼ÛGÅ-¾-M-G¼hqôm-¼ÛGÅ-Ghm-ºiïm-ŸÝ-GmP-hGôÅ-G¾-Vï-ü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 2] z®m-‚ô¾-hÝ-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-¤Û-ºzô¼-Z¤Å-VGÅ-ºIô-zºÛ-Mã-Aïm-G®ôzô-mÛ-º±ô-z-hP-zÞ-yâG-¾-ÁïÅ-»ôm-±h-¿km-GmP-¤Û-fÞz-qºÛ-h;º-P¾-»ôh-ÇezÅü ¼P-GŸÝP-mÅ-zÞ-yâG-GÅÞ¤-»m-HÛ-EÛ¤-±P¼ÛGÅ-¾-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-º²Ûm-¼Û¤-zTß-GZÛÅ-z¼-ÇÀôz-»ôm-¤Û-hGôÅ-q¼-¤-¸h-¤fô-ÇÀôz-hP-G®ßG-¾G-ÇÀôz-GZï¼-DP-GÛ-ÇÀôz-¢ôP-GmP¼ÛP-ÇÀôz-»ôm-GmP-MãºÛ-ÆÛh-WâÅ-ŸÛG-Gbm-ºzïzÅ-GmP-fÞz-m-hGï-¤±m-Vï-z¼-¤fôP-ü [19 mÅ- 18 HÛÅ-¤P-¤ôÅ‚ãP.ü] 3] hïP-GÛ-ºV¼-¼P-¼ïºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-FÛ¤Å-¤fÞm-¤Ûm-qºÛ-xÛ-zBôh-¾G-ºEï¼-hP-hÐP-„ÀPÅ-hr-hPÞ¾-¾G-hïz-¼ÛGÅ-zµâmz¸ô-‚ïh-¤Dm-Wï-¤P-hÝ-ºIô-zŸÛm-q-ºhÛÅ-zôh-¤Û-hP-z®m-‚ô¾-GŸÝP-GÛ-¤±m-¤fôP-¾-Gmôh-±zÅ-Vï-zÅ-hïºÛ-fh-ºƒï¾»ôh-mÅ-h¤-hôm-GmP-G¾-Vï-zü [19 mÅ- 14 »ÛÅ-¤P-¤ôÅ-‚ãP.ü] 82

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4] 5]

[uÛ-¤ôÅü] z¸P-uôh-GôP-ºwï¾-GbôP-fzÅ-GmP-hGôÅü m-GŸôm-¥ôÅ-µÅ-Pm-Gô¤Å-Tm-HÛ-h;º-¾P-ºhÛ-ºyôh-zÇeïm-HÛ-h;º-P¾-®¤-¤-»Ûm-q¼-uÛ-±ôGÅ-ºyôh-ˆÛ-h;º-P¾ŸÛG-»Ûm-ÇezÅ-ºƒï¾-»ôh-Å-GmÅ-ºGô-º²Ûm-hP-Å-GmÅ-¤fÞÅ-¤ÛÅ-¤±ôm-¤Û-¤PÅ-zTÅ-ºGm-»ôh-»ôPÅ-mÅ-x¼-Iâ¤Z¤-GhïGÅ-ˆÛÅ-fôG-mÅ-h;º-P¾-hï-¼ÛGÅ-ÇSôm-ºGôG-hP-Åï¾-fzÅ-‚-hGôÅü [uÛ-¤ôÅü]

hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-HÛ-Ç+ô¼-¤P-±ôGÅ-¾-Gô-dôGÅ-GP-¤P-Çtï¾-Mãü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] Vz-ÆÛh-ˆÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-GP-ºi-ŸÛG-Çtï¾-¼ÞP-GŸÝP-GÛ-ÆÛh-WâÅ-hP-¤fÞm-q¼-GmP-G¾-Vïü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] ¼ÛG-GTÛG-@P-º²Ûm-hP-Eh-¾Å-fôG-ÇÀôz-»ôm-M¾-Dz-ºi-¤Ûm-mÅ-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-Å-¤ÛG-hP-hP-¤fÞm-Aïm-¼G-fzÅ¼P-GŸÝP-mÅ-ÇS¼-¿ËG-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-GmP-G¾-Vïü 9] M-z¾-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-hÝ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-Pô-zô-GmÅ-xÛ¼-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-HÛ-Å-GmÅ-GŸÝP-mÅ-¾Å-;-¼G-fzÅ-ˆÛ-¤±ôm-qºÛ-fôz-fP¼ÛGÅ-ÇS¼-¿ËG-ºfôz-xÛ¼-GŸÝP-Åô-Åô¼-ºƒï¾-¾¤-fôG-mÅ-hôm-ºƒÅ-Ç¨Ûm-fzÅ-‚-Mãü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 10] xÛ-M¾-hÝ-»ôh-qºÛ-hôm-GTôh-DP-D-ÁÅ-mP-M-Ç+h-ÁïÅ-¤Dm-HÛ-M-zôh-ºƒï¾-¤fÞh-q-»ôh-ˆP-h-hÝP-hôm-GTôh-DP-GŸmDG-mP-hGôÅ-G¾-¾-G¸ÛGÅ-bï-ºƒï¾-¤fÞh-q-zÇ+ô-zŸG-fÞz-m-hGôÅ-G¾-Vï-z¼-¤fôP.ü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 11] GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-Æ-zdm-»ôP-Vïh-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-Åô-ÅôºÛ-mP-z¸ô-¾Å-ˆÛ-¤±ôm-qºÛ-ÇÀôz-¢ôP-‚ïh-¤Dm-uÛ-hP-GŸm-C-zŸ¼-HÛ¤±ôm-qºÛ-¾-¼ÛGÅ-¾-GŸÝP-hP-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mÅ-Mz-Bô¼-hP-Åï¤Å-ÁÝGÅ-Çt¼-fÞz-m-hGï-¤±m-Vï-z¼-¤fôP.ü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 6] 7] 8]

D] ¤P-G®ô-ºwï¾-MÅü 1] uÛ-ºfÞÅ-ºôÅ-ºhï¤Å-ŸÝ-xôGÅ-±ôGÅ-¤Û-»ôP-DÞPÅ-h-»ôh-Vô¾-DºÛ-GmÅ-zzÅ-¼P-ºWG-fôG-GTÛG-zOÛ¾-HÛ-fôG-mÅºôÅ-ºwïm-HÛ-fôz-fP-hGôÅ-G¾ü [17 mÅ 14 ¤P-¤ôÅü ºGG-q- 1ü z¼-ŸÝGÅ- 2 ]

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

2] uÛ¼-VôÅ-¾ÞGÅ-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¤Û-hGôÅ-¾-G¾-bï-hGôÅ-hzP-‚ãP-m-B-Åï¼GZÛÅ-;¼-VôÅ-¾ÞGÅ-uÛ-¤fÞÅ-ºôÅ-ºwïm-‚-MãºÛfôz-fP-hGôÅ-G¾-¤Pômü [17 mÅ- 15 ¤P-¤ôÅü ºGG-q- 1ü z¼-ŸÝGÅü 1] 3] z;º-uÛºÛ-ÇSôm-ºIôºÛ-ºôÅ-zÇkÝºÛ-Ç+zÅ-»ÛG-©ôPÅ-q¼-ºôÅ-iP-qô¼-»ôP-Vïh-G¸Þ-hqP-¤Z¤-ºFÛh-‚-VôG-m-hGï-¤±mVïü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 5] ¤P-G®ôºÛ-¿e-IâzühïºÛ-¾Å-ºGmü fôz-fP-hP-Ez-±h-DG-¤Û-¤P-n¤Å-¾-Gô-dôGÅ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-»P-mÅ-»P-hÝ-Çtï¾hGôÅ-Mã-hP-zTº-FÛ¤Å-ˆÛ-Gmh-hôm-n¤Å-ÇÀôz-IÔ-DG-GÛ-ÇÀôz-±m-hÝ-PïÅ-q¼-zTßG-hGôÅ-qü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 6] zôh-¤ÛºÛ-GŸÛÅ-ÇK¼-Vï-ÁôÅ-Ç~ï¾-;ôz-¿e-zÞ¼-Å-GmÅ-IôÅ-±ôGÅ-¤ïh-qºÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾-ºhÛ-¤P-G®ôºÛ-ºwï¾-¼Û¤-ºFôhºGm-hzP-¤ïh-qºÛ-GmÅ-ÅÞ-ºHã¼-zÅ-ºhÛºÛ-fh-PïÅ-q¼-Å-GmÅ-ºfÞÅ-±ôGÅ-GÅ¼-º²âGÅ-fÞz-qºÛ-fzÅ-¾¤hGôÅ-G¾-Vïü 7] hr-hPÞ¾-¾G-hïz-¿YP-DÞ-¾ô-hÝÅ-¿S-¼ï¼-hÝÅ-ºHPÅ-ŸÝ-¤Û-hGôÅ-qºÛ-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-GmP-Mãü 8] uÛ-ºfÞÅ-n¤-qÅ-¼P-¼P-»ôP-DÞPÅ-GP-»Ûm-¼ÞP-IôÅ-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-JÀïP-ÇeïGÅ-ÇeïP-uÛ-¤Û-¼P-»Ûm-qÅ-JÀïP-¤ô¾-hP-±ôGÅG®ô-n¤Å-mÅ-IôÅ-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-ºIô-¾ÞGÅ-ÇePÅ-º²Ûm-mm-qô-GmP-Çeï-uÛ-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-Gbm-¿ËÛP-hP-z¸P-uôh-GôP-ºwï¾-HÛÇoï-ºFÛh-fÞz-GmP-hGôÅ-qºÛ-ºzôh-zÇ+Ý¾-mm-qô-ŸÝ-Mãü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 9] uÛ-ºfÞÅ-±ôGÅ-G®ôºÛ-hÝÅ-»Þm-GTÛG-¼ÛP-±ôGÅ-G®ô-GZÛÅ-ˆÛÅ-zBPÅ-hôm-ºhÛ-ºôÅ-zÇkÝºÛ-OÛG-GŸÛ-hP-ºG¾-zÅ-xÛmVh-hï-¼ÛGÅ-¤Û-»ôP-Vïh-ÇePÅ-º²Ûm-‚ïh-¤Dm-IôÅ-±ôGÅ-GôP-¤-ŸÛG-PïÅ-q¼-hGôÅ-q-hP.ü ÇePÅ-º²Ûm-‚ïh-¤Dm-

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

±ôGÅ-¤Û-»ôP-DÞPÅ-»P-zôh-¤Û-Vïh-¾Å-q-hP-¤DÅ-hzP-DG-¾Å-Oæz-qºÛ-IôÅ-±ôGÅ-GôP-¤-hï-IôÅ-±ôGÅ-ºôG-¤¾Å-ºGm-hzP-Vï-z-»ôh-q-ŸÛG-GÅ¼-hÝ-hGôÅ-G¾-Vïü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 10] Å-GmÅ-ºGô-º²Ûm-HÛ-ºôÅ-zÇkÝºÛ-h;º-P¾-ºyh-zŸÛm-»ôh-m-Å-GmÅ-ºGô-º²Ûm-HÛ-ºôÅ-VôÅ-hP-V-Aïm-WÛ-»Ûm-ÇSôm±ßh-mÅ-¤Û-¤PÅ-ºFôh-ÇSôm-ºIôºÛ-ºôÅ-zÇkÝºÛ-Ç+zÅ-mÅ-GÅ¾-zOGÅ-h¤-hôm-hGôÅ-G¾-Vïü xôGÅ-¤±ßPÅÇSôm-ºIôºÛ-Ç+zÅ-ºôÅ-IPÅ-zM-V- 51 ¾ôm-q-xôGÅ-ºG¾-ºôÅ-¤Û-Å-¤ÛG-hï¼-¤ïh-±ï-GôP-GÛ-zM-V- 51 ¾ôm-q-hï¼Å-GmÅ-ºGô-º²Ûm-hÝ-zÇ+ô-zŸG-hGôÅ-qºÛ-OÛG-GŸÛ-zB¼-zTôÅ-hGôÅ-G¾-¤Pômü [uÛ-¤ôÅü]

ºyôh-zÇeïm-Ç+ô¼ü 1] z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-mÅ-uÛ-»ôPÅ-zôh-¾ÞGÅ-hP-xÛ-¾ÞGÅ-GÅô-¼ÛG-¸ÞP-ºƒï¾-HÛ-ºyôh-zÇeïm-ÆÛh-WâÅ-ŸÛG-PïÅ-q¼Gbm-ºzïzÅ-GmP-hGôÅü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 2] h-»ôh-M-G¼hzÞÅ—GŸÝP-hP-¤Pº-Çkï-Åô-Åô-mÅ-xÛ-¾ÞGÅ-Ç¨m-qºÛ-Å-¤ÛG-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-WÛ-»ôh-ÇeïP-h-hÝP-hï-¼ÛGÅÇS¼-¿ËG-ºfôz-fzÅ-ÅÞ-ºƒï¾-»ôh-¤Pº-Çkï-hzÞÅ-GŸÝP-zTÅ-¾-ºƒï¾-¾¤-ŸÝ-G¾-Vïü Eh-q¼-;nc;ºÛ-¤Pº-Çkï-¿e-zÞ¼-ÇÀôz-¢ôPÅ-ZÝP-f¼-¾ô-zhÝm-¼ÛP-‚Å-»ôh-±ï-»Þ¾-¤Û-uÛ-¤±ßPÅ-hP-±ßh-MãGÅ-ÅÞŸÝGÅ-bï-xÛ-¾ÞGÅ-Ç¨m-qºÛ-Å-¤ÛG-GÛ-Gô-Ç+zÅ-¤P-z-»ôh-qÅ-º²Ûm-¼Û¤-zTß-GTÛG-hP-zTß-GZÛÅ-±m-¼ÛG-Çkï-DôPÅ-ÇÀôzyâG-DG-¾-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-¸Þ¼-ºFÛh-¢ôP-zl¼-hGôÅ-G¾-¤fôP.ü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 3] ¼P-GŸÝP-mÅ-zôh-qºÛ-Çkï-DG-Vï-Å¼-GŸÛ-M-Vï-z-hP-V-Aïm-»ôPÅ-ÅÞ-±P-zºÛ-Ç¨m-DP-º²âGÅ-zCæm-fÞz-m-uÛ¼-zôh¼ÛGÅ-hP-‚ï-ƒG-bà-»Þ¾-¤Û-zTÅ-¾-wm-qºÛ-Ç¨m-q-Vïh-¾Å-qºÛ-V-Aïm-hP-xÛ-M¾-DG-mÅ-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-Ç¨m-q-hÐP-„ÀPÅDôPÅ-wïzÅ-fÞz-m-GŸïm-zÇ+Ý¾-‚-hGôÅ-¤fôP-ü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 85

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4] l-Å-hP-¤ômJËö-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-¿e-zÞ¼-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-Å-GmÅ-GŸm-hÝºP-ºDô¼-»ÞG-G®P-z¸ôºÛ-Vïh-ºHÛGÅ-Çoôh-ÅôGÅ-Æâ¾-¤ÛmÝÅ-qºÛ-zTº-hPôÅ-ÇSôm-ºGôG-GÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-¼Û¤-q-zôh-GŸÛÅ-»ôPÅ-µôGÅ-ÅÞ-Çtï¾-G¾-Vï-¾-Gh-Ç‰ÛGÅ-ºEï¼-zhïºÛÇoÝ¤-ºDô¼-GP-¤P-º²âGÅ-zCæm-fÞz-q-¤Dô-G¾-Vïü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 5] ¼P-GŸÝP-¾-²-iG-Ç¨m-zTôÅ-Vïh-¾ô-¿e¼-ºIô-ÅôP-ÁÛm-bà-Vï-zÅ-²-iG-Ç¨m-zTôÅ-¤fÞm-ºHã¼-hGôÅ-PïÅ-Tm-»Ûm-¤ÛmÅ-GmÅ-ºGô-º²Ûm-n¤Å-mÅ-ŸÛz-ºWâG-¤fÛ¾-xÛm-GmP-G¾-Vï-fôG-¤Z¤-ºƒï¾-hP-hGôm-Çkï-DG-mÅ-²-iG-Ç¨mzTôÅ-fôG-¤fÞm-ºHã¼-ºGm-ºDÞ¼-hGôÅ-G¾-¤fôP.ü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 6] Zï-V¼-M-G¼-GŸÝP-mÅ-GÅô-z-¼ÛG-q-hï-FÛ¤Å-¤fÞm-PôÅ-zŸïÅ-GmP-zŸÛm-q¼-±ôGÅ-hÝÅ-ºhÛ-xôGÅ-mÅ-¤±¤Å-iÛŸÝ-Mã-»Ûmü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 7] ¼P-¼ïºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-GZm-mh-¼ïG-hÝG-¿e-zÞ-Zïm-±zÅ-Vï-zºÛ-mh-GŸÛ-DG-¾-xÛ-¾ÞGÅ-hP-zôh-¾ÞGÅ-¸ÞP-hÝ-ºƒï¾zºÛ-Ç¨m-zTôÅ-ˆÛ-Gô-Ç+zÅ-»ôh-Å¼-GôP-¤fô¼-hP-hï-ºi-¤ïh-ÅºÛ-Å-GmÅ-DG-¾-GÅ¼-hÝ-xG-zÇe¼-PïÅ-q¼-hGôÅ-qü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 8] z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-mÅ-uÛ-»ôPÅ-zôh-¾ÞGÅ-hP-xÛ-¾ÞGÅ-GÅô-¼ÛG-¸ÞP-ºƒï¾-HÛ-ºyôh-zÇeïm-ÆÛh-WâÅ-ŸÛG-PïÅ-q¼Gbm-ºzïzÅ-GmP-hGôÅü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 9] z¼-¾¤-mÅ-hï-ÇS-»ôh-qºÛ-xÛ-¾ÞGÅ-Ç¨m-q¼-h¤ÛGÅ-;¼-Å-¤ÛG-fôG-xÛ-M¾-DG-bà-¤fô-¼Û¤-ÇÀôz-IÔ¼-zBôh-MãºÛ-GôÇ+zÅ-¤ïh-q¼-VGÅ-q-hï-zB¼-GÅô-hGôÅ-q-hP-hï-zŸÛm-zôh-¾ÞGÅ-GÅô-¼ÛG-Ç¨m-q-¾ºP-hï-¤±ßPÅ-Å-¤ÛG-GÛ-GôÇ+zÅ-»ôP-fzÅ-GmP-hGôÅ-G¾-¤fôP-ü hï-zŸÛm-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-GÛ-¤fô-¼Û¤-ÇÀôz-»ôm-±ôGÅ-VßP-mÅ-OÛG-GŸÛºÛ-mP86

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

GÅ¾-xÛ-¾ô-1987 XïÅ-xÛ-M¾-hÝ-¤fô-¼Û¤-ÇÀôz-IÔ¼-Gô-Ç+zÅ-hÝÅ-»Þm-¼ÛP-fÞP-¾-¤-¿eôÅ-q¼-Gô-Ç+zÅ-fïPÅ-GTÛG-¾Å¤ïh-q-hï-zB¼-ŸÛz-‚-hGôÅ-G¾-¤fôP.ü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 10] zôh-¤Û-GmÅ-»Þ¾-M-G¼-mP-ºyôh-¿Ëm-Ez-DôPÅ-Ç¨m-DP-Vï-VßP-Wï-¤P-ŸÛG-»ôh-q-DG-¾-Ç¨m-q-GhP-PïÅ-¤ïh-qºÛh;º-P¾-Åï¾-fzÅ-ÅÞ-xÛ-M¾-DG-mP-»ôh-qºÛ-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-Ç¨m-q-hP-Ç¨m-HÛ-Vïh-¾Å-q-ŸzÅ-ŸÝ-‚-ºhôh-»ôh-q-n¤Å¾-ºyôh-¿Ëm-mÅ-Ç¨m-HÛ-¸z-¢ôP-hP-ŸzÅ-ŸÝºÛ-V-Aïm-¾Å-ºV¼-Gbm-ºzïzÅ-GmP-G¾-Vïü z¼-¾¤-mÅ-hï-ÇS-»ôhqºÛ-xÛ-¾ÞGÅ-Ç¨m-q¼-h¤ÛGÅ-;¼-Å-¤ÛG-fôG-xÛ-M¾-DG-bà-¤fô-¼Û¤-ÇÀôz-IÔ¼-zBôh-MãºÛ-Gô-Ç+zÅ-¤ïh-q¼-VGÅ-q-hïzB¼-GÅô-hGôÅ-q-hP-hï-zŸÛm-zôh-¾ÞGÅ-GÅô-¼ÛG-Ç¨m-q-¾ºP-hï-¤±ßPÅ-Å-¤ÛG-GÛ-Gô-Ç+zÅ-»ôP-fzÅ-GmP-hGôÅG¾-¤fôP-ü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 11] zôh-¾ÞGÅ-hP-xÛ-¾ÞGÅ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-GÅô-¼ÛG-º²Ûm-qºÛ-Ç¨m-qºÛ-hz¼-¾ô-GZÛÅ-Å¤-GÅÞ¤-¼ïºÛ-¤±¤Å-¤Z¤-º²ô¤Å-ˆÛÅmh-zTôÅ-ÇÀôz-GÅôÅ-¤±ôm-Gô-zÇkÝ¼-HÛ-±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-ºyôh-¿Ëm-mÅ-±ôGÅ-Mã-G¾-Gmh-hÝ-¤fôP.ü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 12] xÛ-¾ÞGÅ-Ç¨m-HÛ-ÇÀôz-¢ôP-Vïh-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¿Ëm-DP-mÅ-ÇÀôz-»ôm-GmP-Ç+zÅ-¼P-¼ïºÛ-zôh-GŸÛÅ-DG-¾-wm-fôG-Vï-zºÛ-DGÅ¾-Vôh-Gm-HÛ-ºƒâ-hôm-¿e¼-¾G-zÇe¼-GmP-G¾-Vïü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 13] ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¾Å-DÞPÅ-mÅ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-ÆÛh-WâÅ-mP-GŸÛ-¼Û¤-ÇÀôz-IÔ-DG-GÛ-ÇÀôz-±m-mP-ÁïÅ-±h-hP-zÇeàm-bï-zôh-¾ÞGÅ-GÅô¼ÛG-GÛ-ÁïÅ-‚-Pô-vôh-ÇS¼-¿ËG-hGôÅ-qü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 14] zôh-ˆÛ-VïÅ-¤fôºÛ-Ç¨m-qºÛ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-¾ô-¼ïºÛ-Mãm-Iôm-DG-¾-¼P-GŸÝP-mÅ-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-ÇS¼-¿ËG-GmP-BôPÅ-»ôPz¼-ŸÝü [uÛ-¤ôÅü] 87

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

15] zôh-ˆÛ-GÅô-z-¼ÛG-q-hP-mP-VôÅ-¸ÞP-ºƒï¾-HÛÅ-fôG-mÅ-Åï¤Å-D¤Å-ºyôh-zÇeïm-ÇÀôz-GÅô-¾¤-Çeôm-»ÛG-V-GÅ¼Gbôh-»ôP-fzÅ-‚-M-hP-ü hïºÛ-zhG-hzP-GŸm-¾-¤-Áô¼-zô-hGôÅ-qºÛ-Ç¨m-¯ÛÅ-DP-mÅ-G¸ÛGÅ-BôPÅ-GmP-Mãü 16] hzÞÅ-hP-Å-GmÅ-Å-fôG-GÛ-Z¤Å-fG-ŸÛz-ºWâG-±ôGÅ-VßP-hz¼-HÛ-OÛG-GŸÛ-zB¼-ŸÛz-hP-ÇS¼-zÅ-iP-zhïm-±GÅ±ßh-»ôP-fzÅ-‚-G¾-Vïü [uÛ-¤ôÅü]

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zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

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zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

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uÛ-mô¼-&-GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-GÛÅ-h-z¼-zôh-M¾-Dz-Vïm-qôºÛ-hzÞ-FÛh-hP-ü zôh-GŸÝP-GÛ-hzÞ-FÛhˆÛ-fÞGÅ-ºGm-@P-zŸïÅ-GmP-z¼-zôh-GŸÛÅ-‚ïÅ-GZÛÅ-ˆÛ-±z-ŸÝÅ-bï-z;º-iÛm-„À-¤ïh-hÝ-Vï-ŸÝ-z-hP-£GÅ-¤Gôm-qôGP-GÛÅ-xïh-zIïÅ-»ô¾-»Ûm-qºÛ-Ç+ô¼-z;º-ÇÀôz-GmP-z-hïÅ-GŸÛÅ-‚ïÅ-zôh-¤Û-»ôPÅ-¾-¸Å-zTßh-GZÛh-ƒ¾-HÛ-„Àôº±z-È-TP-Vïm-qô-»ôP-zŸÛm-q¼-zdïm-hï-ºiºÛ-hGôPÅ-zŸïh-m¤-»P-¤Û-zŸïh-qºÛ-¤±m-ºDôh-Ç‰m-ŸÝ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-ºhÛzMãh-mÅ-ºzÞ¾-Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

¤P-G®ôºÛ-¾¤-Æô¾-HÛ-zMãh-¼Û¤-¾G-zÇe¼-fôG-zôh-M-VïºÛ-¤Û-¤P-GÛ-¤Pôm-ºhôh-hP-ü zôh-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm±ôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-uÛ-¤ôÅ-IôÅ-Vôh-¼Û¤-qºÛ-hGôPÅ-hôm-zôh-hôm-zhïm-¤fº-GÅ¾-fzÅ-fh-º±ï-¤ïh-ŸÛ-zºÛ-¿e-Iâz-¾-GŸÛzTô¾-zºÛ-uÛ-mô¼-&GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-mÅ-M¾-uÛ-hP-M-mG-GÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-ºHã¼-ºIôÅ-hP-zÇeàm-mÅ-»ïÁïÅ-h‚ÛPÅ-hrh-ˆÛÅ-fG-GTôh-ÇS¼-¤ÞÅ-zŸÛm-GmP-BôP-»ôP-zºÛ-GÅô¾-ºhïzÅ-ŸÝ-Mã-hP.ü &GôP-Å-¤VôG-GÛÅfG-GTôh-xG-zÇe¼-WÛ-GmP-¾-„Àô-¯ï-GZÛÅ-¤ïh-ˆÛÅ-Á¼-zBôh-ŸÝ-MãºÛ-h¤-zTº-zdm-qô-ŸÝ-Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 90

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

3] z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-GÛ-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-HÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-Oô¤-GŸÛºÛ-ºôG-zôh-hôm-zhïm-¤fº-GÅ¾-fzÅ-ˆÛ-mÝÅ-q-Wï-Vï¼-GbôPMãºÛ-fhü uÛ¼-¤P-±ôGÅ-mP-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-HÛ-Gô-dôGÅ-GôP-ºwï¾-ºIô-zŸÛm-»ôh-mºP-h-hÝP-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-uÛ±ôGÅ-uÛ-hP-¿ËG-q¼-hÝ-GŸôm-BïÅü M-¤Û-¼ÛGÅü M¾-uÛºÛ-mP-ÇS¼-¿ËG-Gô-dôGÅ-hP-D-GÅ¾-»ôP-ÇÀh-zMãh¾¤-ºi-¤Ûm-fôG-z;º-uÛ-GZÛÅ-ˆÛ-G®ôÅü ¾Å-ˆÛ-Çoï-¤ô-z-n¤-qÅ-M-mG-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-¤fÞm-M¾-Dz-ˆÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-hPFÛ¤Å-OÛG-DG M¾-uÛºÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-ºHã¼-ºIôÅ-zTÅ-q¼-hrh-ŸÛz-ˆÛÅ-¤Þ-¤fÞh-Gô-dôGÅ-Çtï¾-G¾-Vïü (uÛ¤ôÅü) 4]

zôh-¤ÛºÛ-ºfz-¯ôh-mÛ-zôh-ˆÛ-zhïm-¤fº-GÅ¾-fzÅ-»Ûm-qÅ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-GTÛG-zOÛ¾-HÛ-mÝÅ-q-ºzÞ¼-hÝ-zbôm-hGôÅ-G¾Vï-zÅü hzÞ-¤-hP-ü ¼P-z®m-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-¿e-Iâz-GP-»Ûm-¼ÞP-ü ¿e-Iâz-º²Ûm-¤Dm-hz¼-wm-±ßm-ºG¾-¹-¿eGvôh-¿e-zÞ-¤Ûm-q¼ü xôGÅ-wm-±ßm-±P-¤Å-GÝ-zÁPÅ-hP.ü GÝÅ-z¯Û-‚-hGôÅ-q-hP.ü ¿ËG-q¼-zôh-ˆÛ-GmÅzz-²-iG-Ç+zÅ-GŸÝP-hP-GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤-»Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-qÅ-¯-hôm-fh-¾Å-hôm-WÛ-ºi-ŸÛG-Çtï¾-»P-GŸÝP-GÛ-¾¤Çeôm-ºôG-Pô-zô-GTÛG-hP-ºzôh-O-GTÛG-GÛ-fôG-mÅ-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

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zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤Û-GmÅ-»Þ¾-Å-GmÅ-Å¤-M¾-Dz-Åô-ÅôºÛ-»Þ¾-¤Û-hP-ºƒï¾-¾¤-h¤-¸z-GmP-hGôÅ-fôG GmÅ»Þ¾-Åô-ÅôºÛ-»Þ¾-Ç+h-hP.ü »Þ¾-FÛ¤Åü ¼ÛG-GŸÝP-zTÅ-¾-GÝÅ-z¯Û-ŸÝ-hGôÅ-G¾-hP-ü zôh-hôm-Mz-Bô¼±ôGÅ-q-DG-GÛ-mÝÅ-q-GôP-ºwï¾-GbôP-Mãü zôh-hôm-Mz-Bô¼-±ôGÅ-qº¤-¤²º-ºƒï¾-±ôGÅ-q-¤ïh-Å¼-GÅ¼º²âGÅ-GmP-Mã-zTÅ-ˆÛ-fh-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-hP-GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤-»Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-q-DG-mÅ-ÇS¼-¿ËG-ºzh-z¯ômGmP-hGôÅü- (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

M¾-Dz-hP-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-ˆÛ-PôÅ-º²Ûm-Æ-zdm-Vïhü VÛG-zOÛ¾-HÛ-ZÛm-¤ô-ÆâP-z¯Û-‚-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

TÛ-Çeï-hÝÅ-±ïÅ-PïÅ-Tm-mP-zôh-M-GZÛÅ-wm-HÛ-Iâz-ºƒÅ-D-GÅ¾-ŸÛG-¤-‚ãP-±ï-hï-zÇeàm-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-ÁÛG-h-¿e-mÅ-I-OÛGGmP-ºôÅ-GmP-G¾-Vïü (Mz-Bô¼- 114 hGG-V- 46)

10] fzÅ-¾¤-Ço-±ôGÅ-zMãh-mÅ-zôh-mP-GÛ-M¾-GTïÅ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-z-hP.ü „À-¤-hP-¤Dm-qôü IÔ-z®ßmü ¯ô¤-q-qôü GŸÅ-q-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-‚Å-XïÅ-n¤Å-¾-XïÅ-ÅÞ-»Û-¼PÅ-hP.Mz-Bô¼-‚-Mã¼-¤Þ-¤fÞh-ÁÝGÅ-Çoômü hï-zŸÛm-zôh-mP-GÛ-M¾-GTïÅ-z¯¤Å-VôÅ-hP.ü O-fG-¾-ÅôGÅ-q-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-hP-ü GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤»Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-Çkï-DG-mÅ-hq¼-zCæm-HÛÅ-GôP-ºwï¾-GbôP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 11] M-mG-GŸÝP-mÅ- 2007 ¾ô¼-væ¾-Ç+ÝºÛ-»P-ÆÛh-PôÅ-º²Ûm-‚-fzÅ-ˆÛ-»ÛG-V-ÍP- 5 q-ŸïÅ-qºÛ-FÛ¤Å-»ÛG-GbmºzïzÅ-»ÛG-V-hï¼-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-mÅ-PôÅ-¾ïm-¤ïh-qºÛ-»ôPÅ-Ez-GÅ¾-zOGÅ-Çtï¾-¸Ûm-q-¾-±ôGÅ-Vïm-ºhÛºÛfôG-mÅ-Mz-Bô¼-¤fº-GTÛG-bà-‚-Mãü M-mG-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-Vz-ÆÛh-hGôÅ-¤Dô-¿e¼-Çkï-iâG-¼Ûm-qô-VïºÛ-»P-ÆÛh-PôÅº²Ûm-‚Å-q¼-Pô-Lô¾-¤fº-GTÛG-bà-ŸÝ-Mã-hP-ü ¤-ºôPÅ-q¼-»P-‚ïh-ÇePÅ-hï-¼ÛGÅ-¾-PôÅ-¾ïm-¯-z-ZÛh-mÅ-¤ïhqºÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-z¯¤-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 12] h-¿e-M-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-xÛ-M¾-hôm-GTôh-DG-bà-zôh-hôm-MãÅ-Tm-¤Û-Ço-z;ôh-OÛG-‚Å-bïü zôh-qºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-º²â¾fzÅ-ˆÛÅ-h=âG-ÁÛP-h‚ïm-¢ô¼-‚-fzÅ-hP.ü xÛ¼-GbôP-M-¤ÛºÛ-ÇÀôz-yâG-DG-¾-zôh-hôm-ºEôG-zÁh-ˆÛ-iÛ¾zOGÅ-»ÛG-V-ÁÝGÅ-Vï-Çtï¾-zŸÛm-q¼-GhôP-¾ïm-HÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-Gbm-ºzïzÅ-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 92

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

13] M¾-uÛºÛ-FÛ¤Å-ˆÛ-hGôPÅ-hôm-z®m-º²â¾-‚Å-qºÛ-»Þ¾-Iâ-ŸÛG-¾-¤Û-ºzô¼-GmÅ-ÇtôÅ-‚Å-¤Û-VôG-q-GÅ¾-»ôh-ˆP-ü M-mG-GÛ-G»ô-NåºÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-Ço-±ôGÅ-fôG-M-¤Û-ºzô¼-Vïm-zôh-¾-GmÅ-ÇtôÅ-ˆÛÅ-zôh-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-¯-z½ÀG-bà-GbôP-z-hP-ü zôh-ˆÛ-¯-VïºÛ-VôÅ-hP-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-ü Ç+h-»ÛG Dô¼-»ÞG-¯-Gbô¼-zbP-hP-GbôP-zŸÛm-q-¾-Pô-Lô¾-HÛ-Vz-ÆÛhzOGÅ-Gb¤-ŸÛG-Çtï¾-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 14] º²¤-JÀÛP-Å-xôGÅ-GP-Å¼-¤fô-ÇÀôz-ºIÛ¤-zŸÛm-qºÛ-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-ÇÀôz-¤-n¤Å-¾-Vz-ÆÛh-ˆÛ-Gô-dôGÅ-Çtï¾-Vïhü M¾uÛºÛ-¼P-zŸÛm-HÛ-¤fô-ÇÀôz-ÇÀôz-¤ºÛ-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-hÝÅ-zÇeàm-zÇ+ôP-fzÅ-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 15] z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-mÅ-GŸôm-BïÅ-±ô-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-¾Å-hôm-@P-¾ïm-‚ïh-¤Dm-º²Ûm-BôP-¾Å-DÞPÅ-ÁÛG-GÅ¼º²âGÅ-‚ïh-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 16] z¾-»Þ¾-mP-Vz-ÆÛh-ºHã¼-ºIôÅ-hP-ºƒï¾-z¾-»Þ¾-GmÅ-Çkôh-BzÅ-zTô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-GmÅ-ÇePÅ-¾ºP-hô-wôG-ºIôzŸÛm-»ôh-D¼ü ¿ËG-q¼-hÝ-±GÅ-q¼-mP-hPôÅ-zhïm-¤Ûm-qºÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾-ºi-¤Ûm-z;ôh-fôm-‚ãP-¼ÛGÅ-¾-Ç+zÅºy¾-Åô-Åô¼-¼P-GŸÝP-mÅ-¾m-ºhïzÅ-»ôP-zºÛ-ºƒï¾-»ôh-n¤Å-¾-‚ïh-ÇKôºÛ-¾¤-Çeôm-GmP-hGôÅ-q-hP.ü z®m‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-mÅ-z¾-GmÅ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-Vïh-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 17] GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-q-DG-¾-GŸÝP-mÅ-zz-zÇeàm-HÛÅ-ºƒï¾-¾¤-ºWôG-hGôÅ-ü (Mz-Bô¼- 131 hGG-V- 93) 18] uÛ-ºfÞÅ-n¤-qÅ-G®ôÅ-GŸÝP-ŸzÅ-¾Å-‚ïh-n¤Å-GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-Vz-ÆÛh-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-mP-¤Z¤-ŸÝGÅ-‚-hGôÅü (hGG-V- 4 ±h-¤fôºÛ-¤P-¤ôÅü) 19] &GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-mÛ-M¾-Dz-GŸm-HÛ-hzÞ-FÛh-hP-ºIm-hÝ-¤ïh-q-ŸÛG-»Ûm-ŸÛP.ü DôP-¾-¤Û-h¤PÅhˆãÅ-¤-¿e-zÞ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-ÅôGÅ-¾-¤Z¤-ŸÝGÅ-hGôÅ-¾ÞGÅ-ŸÝÅ-q-hP.ü &M¾-z-¼Ûm-qô-Vï-hP-¤P-G®ô-ÅÞ-G®ô-Vï-z»Ûm-±ß¾-zXôh-zz-hïºÛ-¼ÛGÅ-¾-hGG-‚-¤fº-GTÛG-bà-‚-Mã-»Ûmü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 93

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

20] &GôP-Å-¤VôG-GÛ-hGôPÅ-GŸÛ-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-HÛ-¿e-Iâz-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-ˆÛ-¼ÛG-qºÛ-GŸÝP-¾ÞGÅ-ºhÛ-zŸÛm-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-GŸôm-BïÅIPÅ-ºzô¼-PïÅ-Tm-ŸÛG-¾-GbÛP-±ßGÅ-qºÛ-ÇÀôz-GÅô-vh-hï-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-HÛ-¿e-Iâz-Gô-dôGÅ-Çtï¾-z¼ºzh-z¯ôm-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 21] zôh-mP-M-mG-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-Bï-ÇKô-z;G-qºÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-z®m-qô-hzP-»ôh-ˆÛÅ-¾G-zÇe¼-hP-ü ¼P-hzP-¾ÞP-qºÛmP-z®m-‚ô¾-hÝ-º‚ô¼-zºÛ-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-hq¾-º‚ô¼-HÛ-DG-h=Û-‚ïh-q-hP-zÅ¤-uôh-¾-ºHã¼-¿kôGÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-Aïm-qÅ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-¤Û-ºzô¼-¾ô-¼ï-mÅ-¾ô-¼ï¼-Z¤Å-VG-bà-ºIô-zŸÛm-qºÛ-²-iG-GÛ-GmÅ-ÅÞ-Hã¼-»ôhü ¼P-TG-GPÅ-Tm-qºÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-zdm-¿ËÛP-Mãm-GmÅ-»ôP-z-hP-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-ºwï¾-MÅ-»ôP-ÇÀh-M-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-ÆÛh‚ãÅ-Pm-q-hï¼-Pô-Lô¾-hP-ü z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-GÛ- z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-¤Û-ºzô¼-ºwï¾-MÅ-»ôP-ÇÀh-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-Å¤¾Å-ºV¼-ŸÛG-GÅ¼-z¸ô-GmP-hGôÅ-G¾-hP-ü VzÅ-TÛG-yâ-GÝ-¤P-z-n¤Å-¾-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-z¿e-dôG-hP¼ôGÅ-¤Gôm-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 22] z®m-‚ô¾-hÝ-º‚ô¼-¤-fG-GmÅ-¤VôG-lô-Xï-Ghm-hÝ-Vô¾-GÅÞ¤-zôh-¤Û-»ôPÅ-mÅ-uÛ-mô¼-&GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô¤VôG-¾-Vô¾-GÅÞ¤-zôh-¤Û-»ôPÅ-µôGÅ-¤fÞm-¾¤-lôG-¯-GTÛG-zOÛ¾-¿UGÅ-ˆÛ- GôP-zÞ-¿e-zÞ-‚-MãºÛ-¤mº-Gm-¤fÞ-¤ôVï-wÞ¾-z-zŸÛm-Vô¾-GÅÞ¤-Åï¼-B-¤Û-¤P-»ôPÅ-mÅ-xôGÅ-¿ËàP- ºfïm-ºEï¼-ÇtPÅ-bï-¤fÞm-¾¤-lôG-¯-GTÛG-zOÛ¾¿UGÅ-ˆÛ-GôP-zÞ-¿e-zÞ-GmP-hGôÅ-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 23] zôh-M-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-GZÛÅ-zÅ¤-±ß¾-zXï-¾ïm-Vïhü zôh-M-Ç+h-»ÛG-GZÛÅ-¿km-HÛ-i-M-ŸÛG-GÅ¼-z¸ô-‚-G¾-Vïü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 24] zôh-qºÛ-uÛ-¤fÞm-zÅôh-m¤Å-GÅôG-ÇÀh-Z-ÇeôP-zMh-GÅÞ¤-¾-h¤¼-¸Å-ÇtP-Mã-hP-ü ¯-hôm-fôG- zôh-¤Û-±P-¤ºÛzÅ¤-uôh-GTÛG-Hã¼-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 25] „À-væ¾-hP-¤Dm-qôü hGï-zÁïÅ-n¤Å-mÅ-xÛ-M¾-»Þ¾-Iâ-DG-uÛ-hP-ü ¿ËG-q¼-Mãm-hÝ-ºƒï¾-ºiÛÅ-h;ôm-qºÛM¾-Dz-n¤Å-ÅÞ-GÅÞP-VôÅ-z°¾-Ÿô¼-hÝ-zôh-GŸÝP-GÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-¾PÅ-xôGÅ-n¤Å-Pô-vôh-GmP-z¼-hGï-¤±m-ÁÛm-bà94

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

Vïm-qô-»ôh-qÅ-¼P-GŸÝP-mÅ-DôP-n¤Å-¾-hï-hG-GP-¤P-GmP-hGôÅ-qºÛ-ºzôh-Ç+Ý¾-GmP-G¾ü hï-zŸÛm- M-G¼ºwGÅ-qºÛ-»Þ¾-HÛ-G®ôÅ-mP-qºÛ-VôÅ-Mãh-º²Ûm-q-n¤Å-hP-ü xÛ-M¾-»Þ¾-Iâ-GP-ÅºÛ-VôÅ-‚ïh-¤Û-Ço-n¤Å-¾ºPhï-¿e-zÞºÛ-Pô-vôh-GmP-hGôÅ-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 26] zôh-MºÛ-h;º-½‰ôG-mÛ-wm-±ßm-z;º-¤ô¾-zMãh-Åï¾-fzÅ-hGôÅ-ÇezÅ-ºƒï¾-¤ô¾-¤Þ-¤fÞh-hï-IPÅ- GP-¤P-¤PGmP-fzÅ-hGôÅ-q-hP.ü ºƒï¾-¤ô¾-Ç+Ý-±z-±ôGÅ-qºÛ-mP-M-»ÛG-M-Ç+h-¾-Vïh-hÝ-¤DÅ-qºÛ-¤Û-Ço-¼z-‚ãP-mzM-V- 50 hP-hï-¤-‚ãP-m-¼ï-GZÛÅ-ÁÛG-PïÅ-q¼-hÝ-GbôP-hGôÅ-Mãü ºƒï¾-¤ô¾-Ç+Ý-±z-mP-¤Û-¼zÅ-Lm-h¼-GŸômGÅÞ¤-Ço-º²ô¤Å-‚ãP-m-hGï-¤±m-Vï-z¼-¤Pômü (Mz-Bô¼- 109 hGG-V- 102) 27] M-mG-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-bØ-¾ºÛ-¼Þ-±ôGÅ-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-ºôG-mÅ-&GôP-Å-¤VôG-¾-zÅ¤-»Þ¾-¾Å-ºhÅ-qºÛ-¤±m-Ç¨h-Ç+Ý¼-ºhïzÅˆÛ-zOGÅ-Gb¤-hP-ü »ÛG-V-ºi-¤Ûm-Ço-±ôGÅ-fôm-zŸÛm-q-hï-hG-¾-hÝÅ-mÅ- hÝÅ-ÅÞ-uÛ-ÇKï¼-ÅÞ-¼ÞP-mÅ-¾mºhïzÅ-±-mm-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 28] zôh-M-ºƒï¾-¤ô¾-HÛ-¾¤-mÅ-zôh-hôm-zhïm-¤fº-GÅ¾-fzÅ-ÅÞ-ºIÛG-ºhÝ¤-q-mÝÅ-q-¿km-qºÛ-M¾-Dz-TÛG-º±ô¾-ŸÛzGmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 29] uÛ-mô¼-&GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-GÛ-Ç+Ý-xÕ-mÛ-zôh-ºzPÅ-GŸÛÅ-‚ïÅ-GZÛÅ-ˆÛ-ÆôG-¯-ZG-TÛG-»Ûm-q¼-ÅôP&M¾-zºÛ-Ç+Ý-xÕ-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-ŸÝ-ÇKô-»ôPÅ-µôGÅ-ÇS¼-¿ËG-GŸÝP-ÇKï¼-GZÛÅ-mÅ- h¤-hôm-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 30] GŸÛÅ-¾ÞÅ-M-Vï-¤P-±ôGÅ-»ôPÅ-ˆÛÅ-Åô-ÅôºÛ-M¾-Dz-hP-ü ¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-ˆÛ-hôm-hÝ-GTïÅ-qºÛ-¼P-ÆôG-hP-zTÅ-q-„ÀôÅzbP-GÛÅ-M¾-Ÿïm-hP-Åï¤Å-ÁÝGÅ-¾-XïÅ-ÅÞ-»Û-¼PÅ-hP-zÇSGÅ-zXôh-ŸÝ-z-hP-£GÅü h-¿e-M-mG-GŸÝP-GÛz®ôm-DP-DG-GÛ-mP-»ôh-zŸÛm-qºÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-z®ôm-q-n¤Å-GP-¥ã¼-JÀôh-z=ô¾-»ôP-fzÅ-ÇS¼-¿ËG-ºzh-z¯ôm-GmP-MãhP.ü Vz-ÆÛh-z®ôm-¸Þ¼-n¤Å-¾-z®m-‚ô¾-GŸÝP-mÅ-G¸ÛGÅ-BôP-¤Û-h¤m-q-GmP-hP-GmP-zŸÛm-q-hï-¿e¼-»P.ü h-hÝP-»P-DôP-n¤Å-¾-G¸ÛGÅ-BôP-GP-G¸z-GmP-hGôÅ-G¾ü- (hGG-V- 2 ±h-¤fôºÛ-¤P-¤ôÅ-) 95

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

31] hïP-GÛ-V¼-¼P-¼ïºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-FÛ¤Å-¤fÞm-¤Ûm-qºÛ-zMãh-¾¤-Ço-±ôGÅ-zMãh-xÛ-zBôh-‚ïh-qºÛ-Aïm-HÛÅ-z®m-‚ô¾zôh-¤Û-hP-z®m-‚ô¾-GŸÝP-GÛ-¤±m-¤fôP-¾-Gmôh-±zÅ-Vï-zÅ-hïºÛ-fh-ºƒï¾-»ôh-mÅ-h¤-hôm-GmP-G¾-Vï-ŸÛP.ü zôh-¤ÛºÛ-z¸P-uôh-GôP-ºwï¾-GbôP-fzÅ-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 32] M-z¾-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-hÝ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-Pô-zô-GmÅ-xÛ¼-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-HÛ-Å-GmÅ-GŸÝP-mÅ-¾Å-;-¼G-fzÅ-ˆÛ-¤±ôm-qºÛ-fôzfP-¼ÛGÅ-ÇS¼-¿ËG-ºfôz-xÛ¼-GŸÝP-Åô-Åô¼-ºƒï¾-¾¤-fôG-mÅ-hôm-ºƒÅ-Ç¨Ûm-fzÅ-‚-Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 33] xÛ-M¾-hÝ-»ôh-qºÛ-hôm-GTôh-DP-DG-TÛG-mP-M-Ç+h-ÁïÅ-¤Dm-HÛ-M-zôh-ºƒï¾-¤fÞh-q-»ôh-ˆP-ü h-hÝP-hôm-GTôhDP-GŸm-DG-mP-hGôÅ-G¾-¾-G¸ÛGÅ-bï-ºƒï¾-¤fÞh-q-zÇ+ô-GŸG-GmP-fzÅ-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 34] zôh-mP-Vz-ÆÛh-Gô-dôGÅ-Çtï¾-ÇÀhü ¼P-GŸÝP-mÅ-h-»ôh-zôh-Ç+h-½ÀâP-ºyÛm-mP-zôh-Ç+h-¾Å-¼Û¤-hÝÅ-±ôh-Wï-¤P-hÝGbôP-fzÅ-GmP-G¾-hP-ü GÅ¼-ºHã¼-zMãh-¾¤-DG-uÛ-ÇKï¼-ÅÞ-»Ûm-mÅ-V- ÁÅ-¾ïm-Ç+zÅ-M-GŸÝP-GÛ-¾G-V¼¤Û-ºHã¼-z-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) ¤P-G®ô-ºwï¾-MÅ-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-Ç+ô¼ü 1] zôh-¤ÛºÛ-VôÅ-ÆÛh-GZÛÅ-ˆÛ-„À-m-¤ïh-qºÛ-hzÞ-ºFÛh-uÛ-mô¼-&GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-GÛÅ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-ºy¾wÞGÅ-ˆÛ-h¤ÛGÅ-»Þ¾-GŸÛ-¯¼-z¸ÞP-fôG zôh-¤Û-n¤Å-z®m-‚ô¾-hÝ-º‚ô¼-¤-fG-q-mÅ-GŸÝP-ÆÛh-¾¤-¾ÞGÅ-hïzôh-ˆÛ-fÞm-¤ôP-¤-»Ûm-qºÛ-¾ïGÅ-‚P-hP-ü hïP-hÝÅ-ˆÛ-¤P-G®ôºÛ-n¤-GŸG-hP-¤fÞm-qºÛ-ÇKô-mÅ-zôh-¤Û-n¤Åz®m-‚ô¾-hÝ-ºhÅ-qºÛ-¾ô- 50 mP-¤P-G®ô-±h-¿km-HÛ-z®m-‚ô¾-GŸÝP-zCæm-GmP-¤²h-q-hP.ü z®m-‚ô¾-uÛ±ôGÅ-GŸm-hP-¤Û-ºi-z-zOæzÅ-q-¾-zôh-GŸÛÅ-‚ïÅ-GZÛÅ-ˆÛ-zôh-¤Û-±ôÅ-z;º-iÛm-XïÅ-im-ŸÝ-Mã-hP.ü ¤-ºôPÅ-q¼»P-¤P-G®ô-ºwï¾-MÅ-GbôP-MãºÛ-fôG-&GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-GÛÅ-¤Þ-¤fÞh-z;º-ÇÀôz-hÝÅ-mÅ-hÝÅ-ÅÞ»ôP-zºÛ-GÅô¾-z-wÞ¼-±ßGÅ-ÅÞ-ºhïzÅ-Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 2]

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zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

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18] zôh-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-ºhÅ-qºÛ-¾ô-¿S-zTßºÛ-Z¤Å-¥ôP-¾-zB¼-ŸÛz-hP-ºƒï¾ü &GôP-Å-¤VôG-GÛz;º-hGôPÅ-zŸÛm-h-hÝP-¤P-G®ôºÛ-¾Å-hôm-Oæz-Mã-DG-GÛ-fôG-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-Vï-zBïh-ˆÛÅ-ºHã¼-z-GbôP-hGôÅ-GbôP-Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 19] uÛ-ºfÞÅ-ˆÛ-¾Å-»Þm-z;º-FÛºÛ-¾Å-»Þm-¿e¼-MÅ-zTh-hGôÅ-qü (Mz-Bô¼- 147 hGG-V- 75) 20] z;º-uÛºÛ-ºôÅ-zÇkÝ-Ç+zÅ-»ÛG-©ôPÅ-q¼-iP-qô-»ôP-Vïh-G¸Þ-hqP-¤Z¤-ºFÛh-VôG-qºÛ-OÛG-GŸÛ- zB¼-zTôÅ-‚hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 21] ¤P-G®ôºÛ-¿e-Oæz-hP-ü ¾Å-ºGmü fôz-fP-zTÅ-ˆÛ-Ç+ô¼-ÇÀôz-IÔ-DG-GÛ-ÇÀôz-±m-hÝ-PïÅ-q¼-hÝ-zTßG-hGôÅ-q-hP.ü ÇÀôz-yâG-DG-¾-¤P-G®ôºÛ-Gô-dôGÅ-Çtï¾-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 22] uÛ-ºfÞÅ-n¤-qÅ-uÛ-¤Û-±h-¿km-ŸÛG-GmP-zºÛ-fôG-mÅ-IôÅ-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-¾Å-¼Û¤-mP-V-ÁÅ-„ÀPÅ-hGôÅ-q-hP.ü ±ôGÅG®ô-n¤-GZÛÅ-ˆÛÅ-ÇePÅ-º²Ûm-mm-qô-GmP-Çeï-uÛ-±ôGÅ-ŸÛ-ºW¤-hP-z¸P-uôh-ˆÛ- Çoï-FÛh-fÞz-qºÛ-mÝÅ-q-zbôm-fÞz-q‚-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 23] IôÅ-±ôGÅ-ºôG-¤-¾Å-ºGm-hzP-Vï-zºÛ-Vïh-¾Å-q-hP.ü ¤DÅ-hzP-DG-¾Å-Oæz-qºÛ-IôÅ-±ôGÅ-GôP-¤-ŸÛGº²âGÅ-hGôÅ-ºhÝG (Mz-Bô¼- 131 hGG-V- 116) 24] ‚P-Í-¼Û-hP-Á¼-Íï-Á-»-Å-GmÅ-DG-bà-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-Çt¼-V-hP-ü Å-¤ÛG-GÅ¼-Gbôh-‚-hGôÅü (hGG-V- 3 ±h-¤fôºÛ-¤P-¤ôÅü) 25] xôGÅ-zŸÝGÅ-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-n¤-qºÛ-¾Å-ºGm-GÅ¾-qô-z¸ô-hGôÅ-q-hP.ü xôGÅ-zŸÝGÅ-ˆÛ-ºGm-ºDÞ¼-zºÛ-fôG- Å-GmÅºGô-º²Ûm-¤Z¤-hÝ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-hP-¤P-G®ôºÛ-Gô-dôGÅ-GôP-¤fô¼-GbôP-ÇÀh- ºGm-ºDÞ¼-¾ïm-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 99

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26] z;º-FÛ-hP-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-ˆÛ-hPôÅ-GŸÛºÛ-ºôÅ-zÇkÝºÛ-Ç+zÅ-ºôÅ-¤ÛG-n¤Å-ºôÅ-dGÅ-hP.ü ºi-q¼-¤Z¤-¢¼-‚ãP-m-hGï¤±m-Vï-ŸÛP.ü Ç+zÅ-Åô-ÅôºÛ-ºôÅ-zÇkÝºÛ-mP-V-ÁÅ-„ÀPÅ-¤Dm-HÛ-ŸÛz-yºÛ-IPÅ-fô-zTÅ-q-GÅ¾-zOGÅ-GmPmÅ-¤P-G®ô-»¼-MÅ-±GÅ-±ßh-»ôP-z¼-wm-ºƒÅ-Vïü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 27] ¼P-GŸÝP-GÛ-¤fÞm-¢ô¼-ºôG-¤P-G®ôºÛ-¾¤-¾ÞGÅ-Ç+ô¼-¼ÛGÅ-GTÛG-@P-º²Ûm-q-Bïh-ÆÛP-fÞz-q-‚-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 28] zTº-FÛ¤Å-hGôPÅ-hôm-VôÅ-¾ÞGÅ-hP-VôÅ-zMãh-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¤Þ-¤fÞh-GmÅ-fzÅ-hGôÅ-Mãü (hGGV- 3 ±h-¤fôºÛ-¤P-¤ôÅü) (hGG-V29] z;º-uÛºÛ-ºôÅ-zÇkÝºÛ-¾Å-¼Û¤-mP-V-ÁÅ-ÇS¼-¿ËG-¾ïm-fzÅ-Vïhü hïz-Bï¾-hÝÅ-±ïÅ-mP-GmP-fÞz-¤ïh-m- ºôÅºwïm-Ç+zÅ-V-Aïm-±P-»ôh-¼ÛGÅ-¾-Gô-Ç+zÅ-vôh-fÞz-qºÛ-OÛG-GŸÛ-zB¼-zTôÅ-GmP-hGôG-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) VôÅ-hP-¼ÛG-GŸÝP.Ç+ô¼ü 1] M-mG-h¤¼-qôºÛ-ÆÛh-GŸÝP-mÅ-zôh-ˆÛ-¾ô-MãÅ-hP-VôÅ-¾ÞGÅ-ˆÛ-Mãm-Æô¾-ÅôGÅ-¾-¯ÛÅ-¤ïh-ˆÛÅ-zôh-ˆÛ-„À-væ¾-»PÆÛh-PôÅ-º²Ûm-fh-»ÛG-V-ÍP-¿S-q-¸ï¼-q-È¤-z¸ô-‚Å-q¼ü ¼P-GŸÝP-VôÅ-¼ÛG-¿Ëm-DP-hP-VôÅ-zMãh-DG-¿SÅ-PôÅ¾ïm-¤ïh-qºÛ-zOGÅ-Gb¤-Çtï¾-GmP-¸Ûm-q¼ü ±ôGÅ-Vïm-ºhÛºÛ-fôG-mÅ-ÇS¼-zŸÛm-Mz-Bô¼-G®P-¤-ŸÝ-Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 2] &;Ým-G¸ÛGÅ-qa-Vïm-VßP-ÆÛh-¼Ûm-qô-Vï-M-mG-GÛ-z®ôm-ºôG-mÅ-ºy¾-hÝ-JÀôh-Iô¾-HÛÅü Ç+Ý-GôP-¤ºÛ-¤²h-z¸P-zhGGÛ¼-zŸïÅ-fÞz-Vïhü GŸÝP-¤P-»ôPÅ-mÅ-ÇS¼-¿ËG-ºzh-¯ôm-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 3] z;º-zMãh-zÇem-qºÛ-G®ßG-Mm-hq¾-M¾-hzP-;©-q-¤VôG-GÛ-¤²h-ºyÛm-xôGÅ-¤f¼-MÅ-ÁÛP-ü xôGÅwïzÅ-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-¤²h-h;º-ºyh-zŸÛm-q-n¤Å-G®P-Åï¾-ÇÀhü &GôP-Å-BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-hP-¼P-GŸÝPmÅ-fÞGÅ-ºDÞ¼-Bïh-zŸÛm-qºÛ-fôG M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-ºhÛ-fôG-mÅ-M-G¼-hzÞÅ-ÅºÛ-GŸÝP-¾-ŸÝ-Ç‰m-ŸÛG-PïÅq¼-ºzÞ¾-GmP-»ôP-z-ŸÝü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 100

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

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zôh-¼ÛGÅ-»ôP-mÅ-Ç+h-»ÛG-zÆï-¿Ëh-¤ïh-q¼-zôh-Ç+h-G®P-¤-zïh-uôh-hGôÅ-q-¤-¸hü »-¼zÅ-z¸P-uôh-hP-ºƒï¾zºÛ-Gb¤-JÀïP-ÅôGÅü Mãm-¿km-;Ým-uôh-¾-»Ûh-G¸z-ˆÛÅ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-hP-Vï-¤fôP-ÆâP-Bôz-GTïÅ-º²Ûm-PïÅq¼-GmP-hGôÅ-ÁÛP.ü hïºÛ-Vïh-hÝ-GŸÝP-hP.ü EÛ¤-±P- ÅôGÅ-ºƒï¾-»ôh-±P-¤Å-ºx¼-Iâ-¤Z¤-ºhïGÅGmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 101

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

10] zôh-ˆÛ-VôÅ-hP-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-GÛ-ÆôG-¯-G®ô-zô-mÛü zôh-hôm-zhïm-¤fº-GÅ¾-¤Ûm-¾-¼G-¾Å-qÅü VôÅ-¾ÞGÅ-VôÅ-zMãhDG-GÛ-„À-væ¾-n¤-q-hP-hGôm-Çkï-DG-mÅ-¤Þ-¤fÞh-fÞGÅ-DÞ¼-zBïh-zŸïÅ-»ôP-z-ŸÝ-Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 11] VôÅ-Mãh-Vïm-qô-zŸÛ-hP-G»ÞP-iâP-zôm-zTÅ-qÅ-¤Û-¤P-mP-uÛ-±ôGÅ-ŸzÅ-ŸÝºÛ-¾Å-¼ÛGÅ-¤P-®¤-¤Þ-¤fÞh-Çtï¾hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 12] hGôm-Çkï-DG-GÛ-¾Å-ˆÛ-Çoï-¤ô-z-n¤-q-wÞhü hï-¤Ûm-I-z®ßm-‚ÛPÅ-mÅ-¾G-fôGÅ-D-q¼-hP.ü JÀôG->Àh-zïh-uôh-GbôP¤±¤Å-ºWôG-hGôÅ-ˆÛ-IôÅ-Vôh-hGôPÅ-hôm-¾G-zÇe¼-Mãm-BôP-ŸÝ-hGôÅü (Mz-Bô¼- 57 hGG-V- 56) 13] ¼ÛG-GŸÝP-ÆâP-Bôz-hP-ÁïÅ-»ôm-GôP-¤fô¼-GbôP-ÇÀhü ÇÀôz-I-DG-bà-hGï-Lm-ÁïÅ-»ôm-±h-¿km-¼ÛGÅ-zÇ+ô-ºWôG-GÛÅhGï-Lm-HÛ-¾Å-hôm-hP-Vï-¤fôP-¾-hô-wôGÅ-¤Û-ºIô-z-hGôÅ-ÁÛP.ü hGï-Lm-n¤Å-¾-¤fÞm-Aïm-»P-GP-¾ïGÅ-¢ô¼hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-Æ-zdm-Ç+ô¼ü 1] z¸ô-GŸÛÅ-DG-GÛ-Å-GmÅ-ºGô-º²Ûm-¼P-DÞPÅ-mÅ-ºôÅ-ºhï¤Å-ŸÝ-Mã-mÛ-FÛ¤Å-OÛG-GÛ-ºIô-ÇePÅ-®¤-»Ûm-qºÛ-ºIï¾ºXôh-¤-»Ûm-q¼ü Å-GmÅ-ºGô-º²Ûm-DG-Å-GmÅ-¼P-mÅ-ºôÅ-ºhï¤Å-fÞz-q-‚ãP-m-Dï-wm-WÛ-»ôh-n¤Å-z;º-ÁGhP-uÛ-¿Ëm-mÅ-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-ˆÛÅ-GÅ¾-zÁh-Gmh-hÝ-Ç¨Ûm-q-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 2]

¤Û-ºzô¼-ºwï¾-MÅ-GbôP-ÇÀhü yâ-GÝ-¤P-qô-BïÅ-¤Dm-¾-º±ô-Çoôm-hP-ü yâ-GÝºÛ-ÇÀôz-»ôm-ÅôGÅ-¤fÞm-Aïm-¢ô¼-MãºÛÆÛh-WâÅ-z¸ô-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

3] z¸ô-GŸÛÅ-DG-GÛ-Å-zôGÅ-»ÛG-V-hÝÅ-ºHPÅ-ŸÝ-ÇKô-TÛ-¤VÛÅ-Ç+zÅ-ºy¾-¾G-zÇe¼-hGôÅ-G¾-¤-¸h-Å-fô-¾G-º²Ûm¤ïh-¼ÛGÅ-¾-Ç+zÅ-ºy¾-fôz-fzÅ-‚-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

102

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

GŸÛÅ-¤Û-ŸÛP-Å-¼P-ºhïzÅ-‚ïh-¤Û-hP-ÇKô-xãGÅ-GÅô-BôP-‚ïh-¤Dm-n¤Å-¾-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-zÇSGÅ- zXôh-hP-ü hq¾-º‚ô¼-HÛ-¼ôGÅ-Bô¼-‚ïh-hGôÅ-È-TP-G¾-Vï-¤-¸hü GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-¾-ÁÛm-bà-hGôÅ-G¾-Vï-zºÛ-ºyâ¾-z¸ôºÛ-¾Å‚ïh-WÛ-hGôÅ-GÅ¼-zÇ+ô-GmP-xôGÅ-¼P-GŸÝP-z;º-ÁG-mÅ-hGôPÅ- zŸïÅ-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-DG-mP-Å-ŸÛP-¼P-ºhïzÅ-¤-fÞz-q¼-»Þ¾-¤Û¼-zôGÅ-GbôP-‚ïh-q-ºhÛÅ-hÝÅ-±ôh-¤Û-¼ÛP-zºÛ-mP-ZïºDô¼-»Þ¾-¤ÛºÛ-fôG-mÅ-h;º-½‰ôG-Vïm-qô-z¸ô-Zïm-¤Pôm-qÅü mP-ÆÛh-¾Å-DÞPÅ-mÅ-ZÛm-ºHPÅ-ŸG-ºzÞh-hÝ-¤-ÅôPzºÛ-ŸÛz-ºWâG-±ôGÅ-VßP-Vïh-º²âGÅ-ˆÛÅ-±ôGÅ-VßP-GÛ-Ç‰m-fôºÛ-GmÅ- ÇePÅ-¾-GŸÛGÅ-qºÛ-xG-zÇe¼-¤²h-xôGÅ»ôP-z-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

z¾-»Þ¾-hÝ-²-iG-h;º-P¾-ºyh-zŸÛm-qºÛ-zôh-¤Û-n¤Å-M¾-Dz-GŸm-ŸÛG-bà-Çtô-fzÅ-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

z;º-uÛ-GZÛÅ-mÅ-z¾-»Þ¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-h;º-Åï¾-Vïh-²-iG-¾Å-ºV¼-z;ôh-OÛG-hGôÅ-Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

z¾-»Þ¾-mP-¼P-GŸÝP-GÛ-OÛG-º²âGÅ-DG-GÛ-¾Å-‚ïh-hÝ-z¾-Çkôh-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-±ô-zÇ+ô-zŸG-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

GŸÛÅ-DG-Zï-ºFÛÅ-ˆÛ-IôP-Eï¼-DG-bà-Fô¤-Å-Zô-Oæz-z¤ü »P-m-±ôP-DP-z¸ô-Cæm-GmP-Çeïü ¾ô-ÉÛ¾-qô¼-±ôP-¾ÅGZï¼-fÞz-qºÛ-fzÅ-ÁïÅ-zÇeïm-G¾-Vïü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

10] z¾-GôÅ-º±ôP-¤Dm-¾-F¾-ºzz-VG-»P-»ôP-fzÅ-M-G¼-ºƒï¾-»ôh-¾Å-DÞPÅ-¾-ŸÝ-Ç+Ý¾-GmP- hGôÅ-q-hP.ü Gbm-ºWGÅ-Fô¤-Å-¼G-fzÅ-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 11] D-fô¼-zôh-¤Û-n¤Å-GŸÛÅ-DôPÅ-ÅÞ-ºWâG-hGôÅ-q-ŸÝ-Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 12] Åô-m¤-GŸÛÅ-ÇK¼-DG-GÛ-¼P-Ç+¾-Å-¤±¤Å-ÅÞ-¼-z-zÇ+ô¼-zº¤-Å-hôP-ºiâ-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 103

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

13] GŸÛÅ-ÇK¼-DG-bà-¼P-D-¼P-GÅô-fÞz-qºÛ-¾G-ÁïÅ-z¸ô-IÔºÛ-¼ÛGÅ-GÅ¼-º²âGÅ-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 14] GŸôm-BïÅ-±ôºÛ-Vïh-hÝ-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-mP-¯ïh-fP-hP-ü ¾ÞÅ-¯¾-ÇÀôz-GZï¼-DP-ü hqï-¤²ôh-DP-ÅôGÅ-hGôÅ-¤DôºÛ¤fÞm-Aïm-zCæm-hGôÅ-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 15] GŸÛÅ-¤ÛºÛ-Çkôh-DP-Z¤Å-GÅôºÛ-ÇÀh-GŸÝP-mÅ-Bïh-¤ïh-zÞm-G»¼-»ôP-fzÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 16] ¿Ëô-GŸÛÅ-DG-bà-xÛ-M¾-»Þ¾-Ç+ô¼-z-»ôP-Mã¼-¤Pº-Çkï-GŸÝP-¾-¼ôGÅ-wm-GmP-fzÅ-ŸÝ-Ç+Ý¾-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 17] Å-DP-OÛG-GŸÛ¼-zB¼-ŸÛz-hP-ºƒï¾ü iP-Ç‰ô¤Å-ˆÛ-ÇKô-mÅ-¤WâG-Gmôm-¾G-zÇe¼-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 18] Å-DP-OÛG-GŸÛ¼ü zôh-¼ÛGÅ-mP-DÞ¾-hÝ-Å-DP-mP-zÁÝG-‚ïh-VôG-qºÛ-V-Aïm-ºWôG-hGôÅ-q-hP-ü ŸÛP-ÅºÛ-ÇeïP-DPq-GÅ¼-MG-VôG-q-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 19] GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-ÅÞ-»Þ¾-¤Û-hP-GTÛG-¤±ßPÅ-ˆÛ-GÝm-GÅz-hP-fôz-fP-GŸm-DG-¼G-fzÅ-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 20] Åô-m¤-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-DG-bà-Çeôm-ZïÅ-‚ãP-¼ÛGÅ-¾-GÝm-GÅz-GmP-fzÅ-hGôPÅ-q-zŸïÅ-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 21] uÛ-¤fÞm-¤Z¤-ºƒï¾-mÅ-GŸôm-BïÅ-±ô¼-¾Å-;-vôh-fÞz-qºÛ-±ôP-ºƒï¾-¾Å-GŸÛ-Çtï¾-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 22] M-z¾-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-mP-GmÅ-Çkôh-zôh-¤Û-m-GŸôm-¾Å-¤ïh-ˆÛ-h;º-P¾-hP-¤P-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-hq¾-º‚ô¼-GmÅ-ÇePÅ»¼-MÅ-GbôP-h¤ÛGÅ-ÅÞ-¾Å-º±ô¾-¾Å-GŸÛºÛ- (Foreign Employment Scheme) ºôG-m-GŸôm-GP-¤P-¾ô¿e¼-xÛ-M¾-»Þ¾-Iâ-DG-bàGbôP-fzÅ-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-GmP-hGôÅ-q-ºhÝG (hGG-V- 4 ±h-¤fôºÛ-¤P-¤ôÅü) 23] m-GŸôm-¾Å-¤ïh-±ô¼-º±ô-dïm-¾Å-GŸÛºÛ-Vïh-Bïh-¤ïh-zÞm-G»¼-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 104

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

24] Åô-m¤-GŸÛÅ-ÇK¼-DG-bà-Gm¤-Vß-Dô-m¼-zdïm-¤-hGôÅ-q¼-ŸÛP-Vß-ºiïm-GbôP-GÛ-V-Aïm-¼ÛGÅ-hGôÅ-G¾-Vï-mºP-ü ¼P-GŸÝP-z;º-ÁG-Ç+zÅ- 12 hP- 13 fôG-mÅ-Å-ºôG-Vß-mÝÅ-¤Û-Z¤Å-qºÛ-Vïh-hÝ-Vß-ºiïm-¤Û-VôG-qºÛ-z;ôh-EzGmP-»ôhü hôm-hPôÅ-ˆÛ-V-mÅ-Å-ºƒï¾-M-G¼-»Þ¾-¤ÛºÛ-Å-ŸÛP-mP-Å-ºôG-mÅ-Vß-ºiïm-‚Å-hP-‚ïh-¤ÞÅ-¾-ÅôP-ü ¼P-GŸÝP-z;º-ÁG-GÛ-z;ôh-Ez-hï-xÛ¼-ºfïm-HÛÅü GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-DG-D-ÁÅ-mP-ŸÛP-Vß-ºiïm-GbôP-GÛ-¾Å-ºV¼¾G-z¿e¼-fÞz-Mã¼-z;º-ÁG-mÅ- hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-GmP-G¾ü (hGG-V- 3 ±h-¤fôºÛ-¤P-¤ôÅ-) 25] ¤Z¤-£ï¾-OÛG-º²âGÅ-n¤Å-¾-GmÅ-»Þ¾-¤Pº-Çkï-Åô-Åô-mÅ-fôz-fP-DG-¾ïm-Mã-»ôh-q-n¤Å-ºƒï¾-»ôh-Åô-ÅôÅ-PïÅq¼-¾ïm-fÞz-q-GmP-hGôÅ-q-ºhÝGü uÛ-¤fÞm-OÛG-º²âGÅ-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-„ËïP-¾ô¼-ÅôGÅ-IôP-ºEï¼-Vï-DG-mP-±h¿km-¤Iôm-DP-º²Ûm-GZï¼-hP.ü GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-DG-mP-z¸ô-¾Å-DG-º²âGÅ-Cæm-hP-º²Ûm-BôP-GmP-Çeï-hïP-hÝÅˆÛ-ÇÀôz-¢ôP-¿km-qºÛ-m-GŸôm-n¤Å-¾-¾Å-;ºÛ-Gô-Ç+zÅ-Cæm-fzÅ-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 26] h-z¼-M-G¼-¤Pº-Çkï-Vï-VßP-±P-¤ºÛ-mP-ºy¾-Åï¾-hGÝm-hÝÅ-¹-zŸÛ-¼ÛP-hzÞÅ-Å-GZÛÅ-ˆÛ-GŸÝP-GÛ-z=Ûm-¾-zdïmz¾-±ôP-Mz-VôG-qºÛ-z;º-ºFô¾-hP-Å-V-GmP-GÛ-»ôh-ˆP-ü h-V-M-G¼-hzÞÅ-Å-GZÛÅ-mÅ-Å-V-hP-z;º-ºFô¾fôz-Mã¼-¾ô-¼ï-zŸÛm-h;º-P¾-Vï-ºyh-¾-ÅôP-ü ¼P-GŸÝP-mÅ-M-G¼-hzÞÅ-Å-GZÛÅ-hP-¿ËG-q¼-hÝ-qm-Wz-¤Pº-ÇkïGŸÝP-zTÅ-ÅÞ-ºƒï¾-GbàGÅ-ˆÛÅ-hGÝm-hÝÅ-¼ÛP-z¾-±ôP-±ôP-¾Å-VôG-qºÛ-hGôÅ-¤DôºÛ-V-Aïm-¤fÞm-ºHã¼-¼ôGÅ¼¤-GmP-hGôÅ-Ç+ô¼-ºzôh-Ç+Ý¾-ŸÝ- Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 27] ¼ÛÅ-¤ïh-VôÅ-ÇK¼-DG-GÛ-mP-º²¤-JÀÛP-»Þ¾-Iâ-GP-Å-mÅ-mP-VôÅ-¾-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-hP-ÇÀôz-GZï¼-Vïh- »ôP-¤Dm-n¤Å¾-Å-GŸÝP-Åô-ÅôºÛ-mP-º²â¾-Mã-hP-GmÅ-Çkôh-¾-ºGôG-Aïm-Åï¾-z¼-¼P-GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-»ôh-¾Å-DÞPÅ-mÅ-fÞGÅ-ºDÞ¼»ôP-zºÛ-ºzôh-Ç+Ý¾-ŸÝ-Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 28] zôh-mÅ-xÛÅ-ÅÞ-º‚ô¼-zºÛ-¼P-¼ÛGÅ- 122 mÅ- 2010ü8ü26 ºDôh-qºÛ-ŸÝ-Ç‰m-¾-±ôGÅ-iâP-¾Å-DÞPÅ-mÅ-¸Þ¼¤Vm-hP-zTÅ-ºIï¤Å-ºfÞÅ-wïzÅ-qºÛ-mP-ü GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-DG-GÛ-mP-Å-DP-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-fôz-fP-GmP-BzÅ-»ôP-zŸÝÅ-hôm-fhü GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-Æ-zdm-Vïh-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-mP-GmÅ-Çkôh-‚ïh-¤Dm-¤Û-ºzô¼-hGôÅ-q-hP.ü D-fô¼-hÝGmÅ-Çkôh-‚ïh-zŸÛm-qºÛ-D-fô¼-¤Û-¤P-GÛ-h;º-P¾-Åï¾-Mã-ÅôGÅ-¾-h¤ÛGÅ-bï-M-z¾-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-HÛ-mP-¾ô-¤P-D105

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

fô¼-hÝ-GmÅ-Çkôh-‚ïh-zŸÛm-qºÛ-zôh-¤Û-hP-M-z¾-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-HÛ-Å-GmÅ-GP-Å¼-GmÅ-qºÛ-GÅ¼-º‚ô¼-z-ÅôGÅ-Dfô¼-»ôPÅ-¾-z;º-ÁG-hP-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-ÅôGÅ-ºƒï¾-»ôh-¾Å-DÞPÅ-mÅ-Çkôh-DP-Cæm-fzÅ-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-hGôPÅzŸïÅ-hP-¤²h-xôGÅ-GmP-BzÅ-»ôP-z-ŸïÅ-ºƒï¾-»ôh-¾-ºzôh-Ç+Ý¾-ŸÝ-Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 29] Å-ºfÞÅ-hP-¤Z¤-ºƒï¾-ÅôGÅ-GŸÛ-¼Û¤-OÛG-º²âGÅ-Æ-zdm-hP-ºfÞÅ-ÇKô-±P-z-z¸ô-G¾ü(uÛ 30] xÛ-M¾-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-hP-GZïm-OÛG-‚ïh-¤Dm-¾-hr-F¾-¾G-hïz-GmP-xôGÅ-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 31] Z¤-fG-ŸÛz-ºWâG-±ôGÅ-VßP-GÛ-Iâz-V¼-zB¼-ŸÛz-ˆÛÅü ¤Û-ºIô-n¤Å-Å-GmÅ-ˆÛ-±ôGÅ-Çkï-M-GP- Vï-mÅ-»ôP-fzÅGmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 32] ºƒâG-Çkôh-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-h;º-Åï¾-ÇÀh-z;º-uÛ-GZÛÅ-mÅ-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-fÞGÅ-ºGm-zŸïÅ-G¾ü(uÛ hq¾-º‚ô¼-Ç+ô¼ü 1] z;º-ÁG-GÛ-GÅÞP-zÁh-mP-hÐP-„ÀPÅ-hr-F¾-zÇkÝ-ºzz-GôP-¤fô¼-GbôP-zºÛ-¾Å-GŸÛ-Çtï¾-ºV¼-»ôh-q¼-»Ûh¼PÅ-ŸÝ-z-hP-VzÅ-TÛG-zôh-ˆÛ-»Þ¾-¤Û-hÐP-„ÀPÅ-hr-hPÞ¾-ºzÞ¾-hGôÅ-¤Dm-»ôh-hô-TôG-mÅ-º±ï¤Å-¾ÞÅ-¤ïh-q¼hr-hPÞ¾-zÇkÝ-fzÅ-xG-¾ïm-ºDï¾-z-GmP-BôP-hGôÅ-Mãü(uÛ-¤ôÅü) 2]

º‚ãP-ºHã¼-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-GÛ-¾ô-¼ïºÛ-Mãm-Iôm-Gbm-ºWGÅ-¤-hPÞ¾-HÛ-Bïh-ºzz-hP.ü hÐP-„ÀPÅ-hr-hPÞ¾mÅ-ºhP-PïÅ-ÁÛG-»ôP-z-z¸ô-Vïh-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤Û-;Ým-HÛ-hÐP-„ÀP-hr-hPÞ¾-HÛ-zÇkÝ-ºzz-ºôÅ-º±¤-ŸÛG-Çt¼-VGmP-hGôÅ-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

3] z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-hÐP-„ÀP-hr-hPÞ¾-¾G-hïz-GÅ¼-q-z¸ô-ºGô-±ßGÅ-Çeï-hÝÅ-»Þm-¼ÛP-qô-xÛm-mºP.ü h-hÝP-»P-z®m‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-Fôh-hÐP-„ÀP-hr-hPÞ¾-¾G-hïz-½‰ÛP-qºÛ-mP-ºzÞ¾-ºzz-zÇkÝ-zŸïÅ-GmP-zŸÛm-q-GP-º±¤106

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

»ôP-zŸÛm-ºhÝG-qÅ-hï-hG-¾-hÝÅ-±ôh-MÅ-zTh-mP-¤-Gô-¤-fôÅ-¤ïh-qºÛ-¾m-zl-vh-hï-¾G-hïz-GÅ¼-q-z¸ô-GmPzº¤ü »P-m-¾G-¾ïm-zÇe¼-xôGÅ-ˆÛ-¾¤-Çeôm-D-GÅ¾-hGôÅ-ºhÝG (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 4]

¼P-GŸÝP-GÛ-ºV¼-GŸÛ-¾¤-Çeôm-ºôG-zôh-ˆÛ-hPÞ¾-DP-ŸÛG-GÅ¼-º²âGÅ-GmP-fÞz-m-zôh-¤Û-¼P-GÛ-hPÞ¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛhPÞ¾-DP-hï¼-Mãm-¤Dô¼-fÞz-q-º‚ãP-GÁÛÅü z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-GZÛÅ-;¼-wm-fôGÅ-Vï-z-»ôP-PïÅ-¾-ÅôP-hï¿e¼-º²âGÅ-fzÅ-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-GmP-Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

Åô-m¤-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-DG-bà-ÇS¼-Mãm-Çeôm-ºƒÅ-ˆÛ-¾¤-Æô¾-zXï-zNå¼-HÛÅ-Å-GmÅ-¾-GŸÛGÅ-qºÛ-ÁÛP-ºƒÅ-ÅôGÅºhïzÅ-º²âGÅ-ˆÛ-¾Å-GŸÛ-DG-M-zBïh-fÞz-m-hGï-¤±m-Vï-z¼-¤Pômü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

zôh-¤ÛºÛ-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-Vï-DG-GP-¼ÞP-ŸÛG-bà- (Call Center) ŸÛG-GÅ¼-º²âGÅ-GmP-fÞz-m-zôh-yâG-m-GŸôm-n¤ÅGŸÛÅ-VGÅ-mP-Gbm-Çkôh-‚-fÞz-q-hP-hq¾-º‚ô¼-HÛ-Dï-wm-»ôP-PïÅ-ÅôP-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-GmP-G¾-Vï-zü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 8] xÛ-M¾-hÝ-GmÅ-qºÛ-zôh-¤Û-DG-TÛG-GÛ-M¾-GTïÅ-¤-hPÞ¾-zTº-FÛ¤Å-hGôPÅ-hôm-¿e¼-GmP-zŸÛm-»ôh-¼ÞP-ü xGhPÞ¾-GbôP-xôGÅ-¾-h;º-P¾-ºyh-zŸÛm-»ôh-q¼-zdïm-hPÞ¾-ºzz-n¤Å-i-M-zMãh-zÇkÝ-fzÅ-GmP-fÞz-m-hGï¤±m-Vï-z¼-¤Pômü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 9]

Å-GmÅ-Åô-Åô¼-z¸ô-¾Å-VßP-®G-º²âGÅ-fzÅ-¾-Å-GmÅ-¤Z¤-ºƒï¾-DG-mÅ-ºGm-ºDÞ¼-HÛÅ-¾¤-Çeôm-hP-¤fÞmºHã¼-GmP-fÞz-±ï-hq¾-º‚ô¼-ºhÝ-ºGôh-¾-wm-fôGÅ-»ôP-PïÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 107

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10] z®m-‚ô¾-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-Z¤-fG-GÛ-Pô-vôh-‚-±ß¾-¾-hPôÅ-ºƒï¾-¤Ûm-qºÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾-¤P-qô-ŸÛG-‚ãP-hP-º‚ãP-zŸÛmq¼-¼P-GŸÝP-hzÞÅ-Å-GZÛÅ-mÅ-ŸÛz-ºWâG-¤fÛ¾-xÛm-q-ŸÛG-GmP-G¾-ÁÛm-bà-Vïü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 11] z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-Fôh-z¾-GôÅ-ˆÛ-±ôP-¾Å-ÅôGÅ-hGÝm-±ôP-¾-zdïm-mÅ-º±ô-z-Bï¾-zŸÛm-q-ZÝP-ZÝP-¤Ûm-q¼zdïmü ¤-¯-h;º-P¾-Tm-n¤Å-¾-¼P-GŸÝP-mÅ-Bïh-¤ïh-h¤ü Bïh-VßP-zÞm-GbôP-GÛ-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-GmP-fzÅ-»ôh±ï-BzÅ-ºWâG-PïÅ-q¼-hÝ-GmP-hGôÅ-Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 12] z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-hÐP-„ÀP-hr-hPÞ¾-hP-zÇkÝ-hPÞ¾-GŸm-hG-GÛ-ºzÞ¾-ºzz-FÛ¤Å-»ÛG-mP-G®P-DïºÛ-»ôP-ºzz-ˆÛzM-V-¯ÛÅ-Ç+ô¼-Gbm-ºzïzÅ-‚Å-q-mÅ-z¸ÞP-±ôP-wÞh-ŸzÅ-ºhïzÅ-ÅôGÅ-ºzÞ¾-¤Dm-ZÝP-hÝ-xÛm-q-¤-¸hü OÛGGŸÛºÛ-hGôPÅ-hôm-¾G-zÇe¼-WÛ-zŸÛm-‚ïh-fÞz-q-¼ï-¸ÞP-¾Å-‚ãP-¤ïh-q¼-zdïmü OÛG-GŸÛ-hôm-±m-zTß-GTÛG-qºÛ-mPGÅïÅ- 3 q-xÛ¼-zÇkÝ-GmP-Çeïü hôm-±m-zTß-zŸÛ-q-PïÅ-¤ïh-Ÿ¾-ºhïzÅ-DôPÅ-±ôP-wÞh-Ÿ¾-ºhïzÅ-Å¤ü h¤ÛGÅzÅ¾-Ÿ¾-ºhïzÅ-GP-¼ÞP-GÛ-¾¤-mÅ-zÇkÝ-zŸïÅ-»ôP-zºÛ-fzÅ-¾¤-GÅ¼-q-ŸÛG-zCæm-hGôÅü ÇÀh-xÛm-hq¾-º‚ô¼¾Å-DÞPÅ-hP-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-¼P-zhïm-±ôGÅ-VßP-ºƒï¾-¾¤-GmP-Çeï-zÇkÝ-hPÞ¾-»¼-MÅ-GbôP-fzÅ-GmP-G¾ü (hGG-V- 2 ±h-¤fôºÛ-¤P-¤ôÅü) 13] FÛ¤Å-»ÛG-hGôPÅ-hôm-M-z¾-ºƒâG-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-mP-GmÅ-Çkôh-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤Û-wôGÅ-»ôh-n¤Å-ˆÛÅ-wôGÅ-ºzz-ˆÛ-zMV-ºzÞ¾-hGôÅ-»ôh-ˆP-wôGÅ-»ôh-Åô-Åô-mÅ-¤fÞm-¢ô¼-±h-¿km-GmP-¤-fÞz-qº¤ü Mã-Aïm-DG-h=Û-¤P-qô-ŸÛG-¾-zdïmqü ¼P-zhïm-±ôGÅ-VßP-DG-Åô-Åô¼-wôGÅ-»ôh-GP-hÝ-»ôh-¤ïh-MãÅ-¤Pº-¤ïh-q-zTÅ-¾-zdïm-mÅ-h;º-P¾-ºyh-hP(uÛ-¤ôÅü) ºyh-¤ÞÅ-zÅ¾-fzÅ-Vïh-OÛG-GŸÛºÛ-mP-V-Aïm-zCæm-hGôÅ-qü(uÛ 14] ¾ô-¼ïºÛ-hÐP-„ÀPÅ-hr-hPÞ¾-zÇkÝ-ºzz-ˆÛ-hÝÅ-¤±¤Å-hP.ü ¼P-zhïm-±ôGÅ-VßP-Åô-ÅôºÛ-¯ÛÅ-¤±¤Å-GZÛÅ-z®m‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-GÛ-ÇSôm-¯ÛÅ-¾ô-¤±¤Å-hP-GTÛG-Hã¼-z¸ô-hGôÅ-qü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 15] ¤-ºôPÅ-q¼-GŸÛÅ-‚ïÅ-¤Z¤-º²ô¤Å-‚ãP-±ï-hq¾-º‚ô¼-HÛ-h¤ÛGÅ-dïm-Vïh-h-¿e-mÅ-¤ÛG-MP-¼ÛP-qô¼-hGôPÅzŸïÅ-ˆÛÅ-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤Û-¤Û-¼ï-Pô-¼ïÅ-¹-z-¼ï-¼ïºÛ-mP-ÈÛm-ÇKô¼- 5 ¼ï-zÇkÝÅ-bï-hPÞ¾-DP-hÝ-Bïh-zTô¾-fÞz-±ï-hGï108

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

¤±m-Vïm-qô-»ôP-Mãü hï-zŸÛm-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-GÛ-¤-hPÞ¾-»¼-MÅ-Vïh-M¾-uÛºÛ-¤P-±ôGÅ-mÅ-Ÿ¾-ºhïzÅ-zÇkÝÇÀôP-GÛ-¾Å-GŸÛ-M-Bïh-»ôP-fzÅ-Vïh-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-M-GP-Vï-Çtï¾-hGôÅ-Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 16] hÐP-ÇÀôz-DôPÅ-»ôh-zôh-¤Û-n¤Å-¾-ºôÅ-ºwïm-HÛ-fôz-fP-zCæm-fzÅ-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-hGôÅ-Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 17] zôh-¤Û-GmÅ-»Þ¾-Å-V-GP-Å-mÅ-hÐP-„ÀPÅ-hr-hPÞ¾-zÇkÝ-VôG-q-hï¼-Bôm-Ço-±ôGÅ-º‚ãP-zŸÛm-q-hqï¼-m-GŸÛÅ-VGÅDG-mÅ-xÛ-M¾-hÝ-xÛm-¸Ûm-bï-Å-GmÅ-Åô-Åô-mÅ-zÇkÝ-zŸïÅ-¤-GmP-z¼-z;G-zŸG-q-¼ï-¸ÞP-ŸÛG-¾-Å-GmÅ-GŸm-mÅ-zÇkÝzŸïÅ-GmP-z-hï-ºi-‚ãP-GmÅ-ºhÝG-m-hrh-ŸÛz-hP-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-hGôÅ-Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 18] Zï-V¼-z;º-„Àôm-FÛ-qºÛ-±ôh-z¿eºÛ-ºôÅ-zÇkÝ-ŸïÅ-qºÛ-Ç+zÅ-hÐP-„ÀP-hr-hPÞ¾-¾G-hïz-fôG-GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤-»Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅÇkï-ŸÛG-GÛ-dGÅ-f¤-wz-q-‚ãP-»ôh-GmÅ-ºhÝG-qºÛ-fh-±P-¤Å-ÁïÅ-dôGÅ-hGôÅ-ºhÝG-q-hP.ü ¤-ºôPÅ-q¼-hï-¼ÛGÅ¤Û-º‚ãP-zºÛ-h¤-hôm-G¾-Vï-GmP-hGôÅ-ºhÝG (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

ÁïÅ-»ôm-Ç+ô¼ü ±ôGÅ-VßP-GÛ-±ôGÅ-¤Û-»ôPÅ-mÅ-ZÛm-GÅÞ¤-q-hP-zŸÛ-q-ÁïÅ-»ôm-fôG-zbP-Çeïü ±ôGÅ-zT¼-z-uÛ-»ôPÅ-mÅ-hGôPÅ-ºV¼-ŸÛz¿ËàG-hP-ºƒï¾-Mz-GZï¼-WÛ-ŸÝÅ-ˆÛ-Ç‰m-fô-GÁ¤-GÅ¾-¿e¼-»Ûmü 1]

zôh-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-mÅ-Gbm-¾-wz-qºÛ-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-GŸÛ-¼Û¤-ÁïÅ-»ôm-HÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-¼P-¼ïºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ômHÛ-OÛG-º²âGÅ-DG-mÅ-¾G-zÇe¼-hôm-ºEô¾-»ôP-z¼-xôGÅ-±P-¤Å-GP-¥ã¼-ºzh-z¯ôm-¿Ëôh-¤ïh-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

zôh-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-Vïh-z®ßGÅ-±ôGÅ-VßP-GÛ-Mz-GZï¼-Ç‰m-fô-uÛ-hP-ü »P-ÇKôÅzôh-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-±ôGÅ-Vïm-¼Û¤-qºÛ-IôÅ-Vôh-DG-¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¿Ëm-DP-G®ô-Hã¼-ºƒï¾-»ôh-ÁïÅ-»ôm-OÛG-º²âGÅDG-mÅ-xG-zÇe¼-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

109

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3] ¼P-GŸÝP-hP-ºƒï¾-»ôh-OÛG-º²âGÅ-DG-mÅ-¼P-¼ïºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-»ôh-qºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-Tm-uÛ-hP-ü ¿ËG-q¼-ÁïÅ-¼ÛGÇkï-±m-mP-xG-¾Å-GmP-zŸÛm-qºÛ-hGï-Lm-G®ô-Hã¼-ºƒï¾-»ôh-n¤Å-¾-z¯Û-¤fôP-hP-ü zhG-GTïÅü hï-zŸÛm-GŸm»Þ¾-hÝ-¤Û-H¼-z¼-¼P-¼ïºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-Á-DÞ-Á-ºfÛ¤-¿e-zÞ-»ôP-z¼-zTº-FÛ¤Å-hGôPÅ-hôm-Vï-¤fôP-ºzÞ¾-Mã¼-ÁÝGÅGmôm-MG-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 4]

zôh-¤Û-±ô-z®m-‚ô¾-hÝ-º‚ô¼-bï-¤Û-¾ô- 51 hP-ü ¤P-G®ô-hzÞ-z½‰ïÅ-bï-¤Û-¾ô- 50 xÛm-q-zTÅ-ˆÛ-Gô-Ç+zÅ-ºhÛ¼ü ¼PGŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¿Ëm-DP-mÅ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-HÛ-OÛG-º²âGÅ-mP-G¸ïPÅ-ÅÞ-fôm-qºÛ-ŸzÅ-ºhïGÅ-ŸÝ-GmP-¤Dm-±ô¼-VïzÇeôh-G¸ïPÅ-dGÅ-ÅôGÅ-GmP-MãÅ-¤±ômü DôP-±ôºÛ-ŸzÅ-ºhïGÅ-PôÅ-º²Ûm-fÞz-q-GmP-G¾-Vïü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

zôh-¤ÛºÛ-fÞm-¤ôP-¤-»Ûm-qºÛ-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-G®ô-Hã¼-¼P-GÛ-Ç+h-»ÛG-hP-ü ¼ÛG-GŸÝP-ÅôGÅ-¾-¼G-¾Å-ÇezÅü h-¿e-VïÅ-GZmyP-Vï-zºÛ-hÝÅ-Ç+zÅ-ºhÛ¼ü ºƒï¾-»ôh-DG-mÅ-¼P-¼ïºÛ-¯-VïºÛ-Ç+h-»ÛG-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-ÅôGÅ-ÆâP-Bôz-ÇÀhü ¾G-zÇe¼‚-ÅºÛ-Dô¼-»ÞG-zCæm-Mã-hP-ü Vï-¤fôP-ü hGôÅ-PïÅ-ˆÛ-Mz-Bô¼-ÅôGÅ-GmP-G¾-Vïü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

ÁïÅ-»ôm-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-Çkï-±m-DG-GÛ-¾Å-ˆÛ-Çoï-¤ô¼-GbôGÅ-qÅ-G®ôÅ-ÇÀôz-hGï-n¤-qÅ-¼P-¼ïºÛ-ÇÀôz-I-DG-bà-ÇÀôz-FÛhuÛ-hP-ü ÇÀôz-¤ºÛ-‚-uôh-¾-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-ü »ÛG-MãGÅ-ˆÛ-iÛ-ÁôG-DG-ÇtäÅ-±h-hG-bà-GbôP-Mã-ÅôGÅ-ÇÀôz-¤ºÛ-PôÅ-mÅ-ˆP»ÛG-MãGÅ-n¤Å-iP-zhïm-PP-GbôP-Mã¼-hÝÅ-Mãm-hÝ- fÞGÅ-ÇoP-Vï¼-Bïh-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¾Å-DÞPÅ-mÅ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-zÇeÛ-GmÅ-ÇÀôz-I-DG-bà-¿e-Ç+ô¼-GmP-fÞz-®¤-¤-»Ûm-q¼-ÇÀôz-IºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ômHÛ-GmÅ-±h-uÛ-hP-ü »P-ÇKôÅ-ÇÀôz-¤ÛºÛ-ºIô-Çkôh-uôh-GÅÞ¤-HÛ-GmÅ-ÇePÅ-¾-ŸÛz-ºWâG-¤fÛ¾-xÛm-GmP-Çeï-ºƒï¾-»ôh±P-¤¼-z¸P-uôh-G®ô-Hã¼-GP-TÛºÛ-Gmh-hôm-fôG-¾¤-Çeôm-D- GÅ¾-GmP-G¾-Vïü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 110

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h-¿eºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-HÛ-Çkï-±m-DG-¤Þ-¤fÞh-»¼-MÅ-GôP-ºwï¾-GbôP-ÇÀhü ¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¿Ëm-DP- mÅ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-uÛ±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-yâ-GÝ-Bï-ºwï¾-HÛ-ºw¼-VG-hP-ü h-¿eºÛ-ÇÀôz-I-DG-hP-uÛ-»ôPÅ-ˆÛ-ÁïÅ- »ôm-HÛ-Gmh-±h-ÅôGÅ-±h-¿km-Z¤ÅŸÛz-¤fÛ¾-xÛm-GmP-Çeïü hGôÅ-PïÅ-Tm-HÛ-IPÅ-fôºÛ-¼ïºÞ-¤ÛG-ÅôGÅ-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-¾¤-Çeôm-Gbm-ºzïzÅ-GmP-hGôÅq-hP-ü ¿ËG-q¼-zôh-¤Û-¤P-±ôGÅ-mÅ-hGôÅ-PïÅ-¤fÞm-ºHã¼-ŸÝ-hGôÅü hï-¿e¼-‚ãP-±ï-ÁïÅ-»ôm-GôP-ºwï¾-HÛ-¾Å-hômfôG-ºV¼-GŸÛ-¾¤-Çeôm-GÅ¼-q-z¸ô-Mã¼-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-wm-fôGÅ-½ÀzÅ-Vïm-»ôP-Mã-Ghôm-¤Û-¸-z-hï-hôm-xG-zÇe¼-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

10] zôh-¤ÛºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-Fôh-¼Û¤-qÅ-ÇÀôz-I-GÅ¼-MG-GÛ-¾Å-GŸÛ-ºi-¤Ûm-Çtï¾-¤Dm-»ôP-Mã¼-ÅôP-ü ÇÀôz-I-hï-hG-±h-¿kmhP-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-¾-fÞGÅ-wm-GÅôÅ-q-»ôP-xÛ¼-¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¿Ëm-DP- mÅ-ÇÀôz-I-DG-¾-FÛ¤Å-¤fÞm-ÇePÅº²Ûm-hÝÅ-mÅ-hÝÅ-ÅÞ-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 11] ¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¾Å-DÞPÅ-ˆÛÅ-GmP-hP-GmP-zŸÛm-qºÛ-f-Ç‰h-Gbm-ºzïzÅ-WÛ-»ôh-¼P-¼ïºÛ-OÛG-º²âGÅ-DG-hP¤P-±ôGÅ-zTÅ-mÅ-¾G-zÇe¼-GmP-fÞz-q-‚ãP-±ïü Ç+h-»ÛG-mP-f-Ç‰h-GTÛG-Hã¼-»ôP-Mã¼-wm-fôGÅ-Vï-z¼-ÅôP-ü hï¾ÞGÅ-zMãh-¾¤-DG-G®ô-Hã¼-xôGÅ-±P-¤Å-¾G-zÇe¼-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 12] zôh-¤ÛºÛ-¤-ºôPÅ-GŸôm-BïÅ-¤Û-¼zÅ-±ô¼-ÁïÅ-»ôm-ºwï¾-MÅ-hP-¤Z¤-hÝ-z¸P-qôºÛ-»ôm-bm-n¤Å- Mãm-ºWGÅ-fÞzfzÅ-ÅÞü G®ô-Vï-¤P-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-Dô¼-»ÞG-uÛ-hP-ü »P-ÇKôÅ-¾Å-ˆÛ-Çoï-¤ô¼-GbôGÅ-q-»ôPÅ-hP-ü hGï-Lmü w-¤-zTÅmÅ-¼P-¼ÛGÅ-zÞ-yâG-GŸôm-BïÅ-±ô¼-z¸P-uôh-hP-¿km-qºÛ-hqï-Çeôm-GmP-Mã-G¾-ºGPÅ-Vï-z¼-zdïmü xôGÅ-±P-¤Å»Ûh-G¸z-mm-bm-hP-ºƒï¾-xÛ-mP-ÇKô-;Ým-mÅ-z¸P-qôºÛ-uôh-¾¤-hÝ-ºWâG-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 13] hïP-Ç+zÅ-M-z¾-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-wÞhü xÛ-M¾-»Þ¾-Iâ-GŸm-hÝ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-¾ô-¼ï-mÅ-¾ô-¼ï¼-Vï-¼Þ- ºIô-zŸÛm-qºÛÇ+zÅ-ºhÛ¼ü ¼P-¼ïºÛ-¯-VïºÛ-Ç+h-»ÛG-Gô¤Å-GÁÛÅ-ÅôGÅ-¼Û¤-zŸÛm-¯-z½ÀG-ºIô-Zïm-¾-ÅôP-ü ¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¿ËmDP-hP-ü ºƒï¾-»ôh-Ç+Ý-±z-hôm-DP-DG-Åô-Åô-mÅ-xÛ-M¾-DG-GÛ-zôh-yâG-GŸôm-BïÅ-±ôºÛ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-Ç+h-»ÛG-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-¤ÛZ¤Å-Mãh-º²Ûm-fÞz-ÇÀhü ÇÀôz-I-º²âGÅ-Mã-ÅôGÅ-hGôÅ-PïÅ-ˆÛ-¤fÞm-ºHã¼-¢¼-hGôÅ-q-hP-ü hï-zŸÛm-ºƒï¾-»ôh-w(uÛ-¤ôÅü) ¤-n¤Å-mÅ-fÞGÅ-ºGm- zŸïÅ-hGôÅü(uÛ 111

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14] ¼P-¼ïºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-»¼-MÅ-Gô¤-ÇezÅ-ÇÀhü ÁïÅ-»ôm-®¤-¤-¸hü xôGÅ-»ôPÅ-ˆÛ-¾Å-¼ÛGÅ-ºi-¤Ûm-¢ôP-zl¼-GmPMã-ÁÛm-bà-mÅ-G¾-ºGPÅ-Vï-zÅü ¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¿Ëm-DP-hP-ºƒï¾-»ôh-w-¤-zTÅ-mÅ-zôh-yâG-±ô¼-¾Å-¼ÛGÅºi-¤Ûm-HÛ-ÇÀôz-¢ôP-mP-º²â¾-ŸÝGÅ-hGôÅ-qºÛ-Gô-zÇ+ôm-ÇÀôz-GÅô-Mãm-¤Û-Vh-q-hP-ü hGôÅ-PïÅ-ˆÛ-¤fÞm-Aïm-»P-Ç+zÅ¤±¤Å-Åô-Åô¼-¢¼-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 15] ¼P-¼ÛGÅ-¾Å-ˆÛ-Çoï-¤ô-zÅ-G®ôÅ-Lm-h¼-GŸôm-GÅÞ¤-±P-¤Å-¼P-¼ïºÛ-Ç+h-»ÛG-hP-ü ¼ÛG-GŸÝP- Gô¤Å-GÁÛÅ-z¸Pqô-¤Û-Z¤Å-Mãh-º²Ûm-hP-zhG-vôh-‚-Mã¼-xôGÅ-±P-¤Å-hÝÅ-Mãm-hÝ-¿Ëôh-G»ïP-hÝ-¤-ÅôP-z¼-»Ûh-G¸z-PP-f-m-ÇKô-‚P(uÛ-¤ôÅü) hP-¸Å-fô-ÅôGÅ-¼P-Ç+h-G®P-¤-zïh-uôh-‚-G¾ü(uÛ 16] ¼P-¼ïºÛ-ºƒï¾-»ôh-OÛG-º²âGÅ-DG-mÅ-ÇÀôz-yâG-G®ô-Hã¼-zôh-qºÛ-GŸôm-BïÅ-±ô¼-ÇÀôz-GÅôºÛ-¾Å-¼Û¤-Mãm-zÆÛPÅ-Çtï¾zºÛ-fôG ÇÀôz-hïz-ºi-¤Ûm-¿e->ÀôG-hP-ü ºƒÛ-¯ô¤-HÛ-Gô¤Å-GÁÛÅ-ºWGÅ-MãºÛ-¾Å-¼Û¤-Çtï¾-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 17] ¾G-ºEï¼-HÛ-V-Aïm-¤Û-¿km-»P-zôh-¤Û-±h-GŸÛ-hP-¿km-qºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-Tm-n¤Å-uÛ-±ôGÅ-Fôh-fÞGÅ-wm-GÅôÅ-xÛ¼-¼PGŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¿Ëm-DP-mÅ-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-±ôGÅ-VßP-¸Þ¼-z®ßGÅ-ˆÛÅ-DôP-n¤-qºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-HÛ-±h-GŸÛ-MãGÅ-GŸÛºÛ-¾¤mÅ-zŸïÅ-bïü DôP-±ôºÛ-ÁïÅ-±h-¾-hqG-qºÛ-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-¾G-ºEï¼-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 18] ¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¾Å-DÞPÅ-mÅ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-Fôh-ˆÛ-xÛ-mP-GÛ-¼ÛG-GmÅ-¾-¤Eïm-M-Vï-zºÛ-¤Û-Ço-Ghm-ŸÝ-hP-ºƒï¾hÝÅ-mÅ-hÝÅ-ÅÞ-±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-zÇkÝ-zÇ+ôP-GÛÅ-DôP-±ôºÛ-¾¤-Çeôm-n¤Å-zŸïÅ-hGôÅ-q-G¾-ºGPÅ-Vïü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 19] zôh-¤ÛºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-»¼-MÅ-Vïh-¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-hP-hq¾-º‚ô¼-¿Ëm-DP-fÞm-¤ôP-mÅ-EÛ¤-±P-Bô-zºÛ-w-¤ºÛ-zôh-yâG¤fô-¼Û¤-ÇÀôz-¢ôP-GmP-zŸÛm-q-n¤Å-¾-ÇÀôz-»ôm-Vïhü h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-Bïh-VßP-zÞm-G»¼-GÅ¼-Gbôh-‚ãP-±ï-wm-fôGÅ»ôP-Mã¼-ÅôP-ü hï-hôm-ºƒï¾-»ôh-mÅ-xG-zÇe¼-»ôP-zü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 20] zôh-¤ÛºÛ-ÇÀôz-I-DG-¾-¤hÝm-¾¤-ÇÀôz-Çeôm-qºÛ-Å-¤ÛG-ZÝP-Bôm-¾-ÅôP-ü ¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¾Å-DÞPÅ-hP-ºƒï¾-»ôh-DGmÅ-¼P-¼ïºÛ-hGôÅ-¤Dô-hP-º±¤-qºÛ-¤hÝm-¾¤-ÇÀôz-Çeôm-q-zÇ+ô-GŸG-hP-ºƒï¾ü uÛ-ÇKï¼-OÛG-º²âGÅ-±P-¤ºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm112

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ÇÀôz-Çeôm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-hÝÅ-mÅ-hÝÅ-ÅÞ-zÇ+ôP-±ôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-xôGÅ-±P-¤Å-zÞ-yâG-n¤Å-¾-¾¤-Çeôm-GmP-z-hP-ºƒï¾-x¼Iâ-¤Z¤-ºhïGÅ-ŸÝ-hGôÅü (hGG-V- 1 ±h-¤fôºÛ-¤P-¤ôÅü) 21] zôh-¤ÛºÛ-ÇÀôz-I-DG-bà-zôh-ˆÛ-Ç+h-»ÛG-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-hP-M¾-¼zÅ-¾ô-MãÅ-ÇÀôz-FÛh-®¤-¤-»Ûm-q¼ü zôh-ˆÛ-Dô¼-»ÞG-hP-ü Å-hrh-¼ÛG-qü z¸P-uôh-ÅôGÅ-¼P-¼ïºÛ-¯-VïºÛ-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-G¾-VïºÛ-ÇÀôz-GŸÛ-DG-ÇÀôz-±m-hÝ-zŸG-Çeïü ÇÀôzºFÛh-GmP-G¾-Vïü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 22] ºƒï¾-»ôh-±P-¤Å-Å-GmÅ-ÇÀôz-I-DG-bà-hGï-Lm-zÇ+ô-GŸG-hÝÅ-fôG-hGôÅ-G¾-Vï-z-hP-ü ¿ËG-q¼-¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG¿Ëm-DP-mÅ-¼P-¼ïºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-hï-ÇSºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-Çkï-±m-mP-ŸzÅ-ŸÝ-GmP-¥ôP- »ôh-qºÛ-Z¤Å-¥ôP-Tm-n¤Å-hÝÅ-mÅhÝÅ-ÅÞ-±ôGÅ-zÇ+ôP-GÛÅ-DôP-±ôºÛ-Z¤Å-¥ôP-¾Å-ÇÀôz-GÅô-zŸïÅ-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 23] z;º-ÁG-mÅ-Oæz-xôGÅ-ˆÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-Çtï¾-xôGÅ-fh-uÛ-»ôPÅ-¾¤-Çeôm-GmP-¸Ûm-q-¾Å-ÁïÅ-»ôm-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-¾¤-Çeômn¤Å-xôGÅ-±P-¤Å-¾G-¾ïm-hôm-ºEô¾-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 24] ÁïÅ-»ôm-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-GŸÝP-ÇKï¼-OÛG-º²âGÅ-DG-mÅ-ÇÀôz-IºÛ-hGï-Lm-n¤Å-ˆÛ-GÅô¾-wôGÅ-¿kïP- PïÅ-ºzÞ¾-hGôÅ-qhP-ü ¿ËG-q¼-ÇSôm-ºIô-hP-h¤º-¼Û¤-ÇÀôz-IºÛ-hGï-Lm-n¤Å-ˆÛ-GÅô¾-wôGÅ-fh-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 25] ¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¾Å-DÞPÅ-hP-ºƒï¾-»ôh-DG-mÅ-hÝÅ-mÅ-hÝÅ-ÅÞ-hGï-Lm-n¤-qºÛ-ÁïÅ-±h-fh- hrh-ŸÛz-hPºƒï¾ü MãGÅ-vôh-ºIÛ¤-hGôÅ-qºÛ-¾¤-¾ÞGÅ-GÅ¼-Gbôh-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 26] M-G¼-HÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-¾¤-¾ÞGÅ-mP-¼Û¤-zŸÛm-ºHã¼-ºIôÅ-ºIô-zŸÛm-q¼-zdïmü ¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¿Ëm-DP-G®ô-Hã¼ºƒï¾-»ôh-±P-¤Å-Gmh-hôm-hï-hG-fôG-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 27] zôh-¤ÛºÛ-Gbm-ZÛm-ÇÀôz-I-DG-GÛ-º²Ûm-¼Û¤-zTß-GZÛÅ-fôm-qºÛ-ÇÀôz-¤-±ô-G®ô-Vï-M-G¼-M¾-»ôPÅ-hP.ü »P-ÇKôÅ-ºƒï¾»ôh-¤Pº-Çkï-Åô-ÅôºÛ-G®ßG-¾G-ÇÀôz-GZï¼-DP-ºi-¤Ûm-mP-¼ÛGÅ-GTÛG-@P-º²Ûm-HÛ-ÇÀôz-¢ôP-Gô-Ç+zÅ-z¸P-qô-fôz-ÇÀhü 113

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ÇÀôz-yâG-hï-hG-¾-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-±m-¼ÛG-hP-ÍP-¯ÛÅ-ÅôGÅ-¸Þ¼-¢ôP-ÇÀôz-FÛh-GmP-MãºÛ-¤fÞm-Aïm-¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG¿Ëm-DP-mÅ-zCæm-GmP-hGôÅ-q-¤P-¤ôÅ-‚ãP-ü (hGG-V- 2 ±h-¤fôºÛ-¤P-¤ôÅü) 28] ¼P-¼ïºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-ºƒï¾-»ôh-Çkï-±m-DG-mÅ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-VïÅ-h;ôm-qºÛ-hïP-¼zÅ-hP-¤fÞm-qºÛ-¤fô-ÇÀôzˆÛ-ÇÀôz-¢ôP-fhü h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-Mz-GZï¼-hP-¤fÞm-ºHã¼-¼ôGÅ-¼¤-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 29] ¼P-GŸÝP-ÁïÅ-¼ÛG-¿Ëm-DP-mÅ-¼P-¼ïºÛ-Gbm-ZÛm-ÇÀôz-I-DG-GÛ-VôÅ-hGï-zÇ+ô-GŸG-fh-ºƒï¾-»ôh- hGôm-Çkï-I-±P-DGGÛ-¤Dm-¼Ûm-qô-Vï-n¤-q¼-fh-;¼-ºƒï¾-z-ŸÝÅ-bïü VôÅ-hGï-iG-ºhï¤Å-fÞz-fzÅ-ºzh-z¯ôm-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 30] zôh-ˆÛ-VôÅ-¾ÞGÅ-¼ÛÅ-¤ïh-ˆÛ-hGôm-Çkï-I-±P-DG-bà-G®ô-Vï-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-fÞm-¤ôP-¤-»Ûm-qºÛ-VôÅ-hP-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-Ç+h-»ÛGÅôGÅ-ÇÀôz-ºFÛh-GmP-zŸÛm-qºÛ-fôG ±m-¼ÛG-G®ôÅ-hïP-¼zÅ-ˆÛ-ÁïÅ-‚-»P-ÇÀôz-ºFÛh-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-Ç+ô¼ü 1] zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-‚ïh-Mã-mÛ-zôh-hôm-ºfz-¯ôh-ˆÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-G¾-ºGPÅ-Vï-ÁôÅ-ÁÛG-»Ûm-q¼-zdïmü zôh-GŸÝP-iÛ¾zOGÅ-¾Å-DÞPÅ-ˆÛ-Ez-DôPÅ-ÅÞ-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-M-mG-GÛ-Gmh-hôm-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-Z¤Å-ŸÛz-DP-GÅ¼-º²âGÅ-hP.ü ¾Å-‚ïh-q-hï-zŸÛm-Eh-¾Å-q-Á-ÇeG-zÇ+ô-GŸG-GmP-fÞz-hGôÅ-q-ÁÛm-bà-G¾-Vïü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 2]

zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-ˆÛ-¯-º²Ûm-hP-D-xôGÅ-mÛ-zhïm-hôm-xÛ¼-zOGÅ-‚ïh-Mã-»Ûm-q¼-zdïmü xÛ-¾ô- 1951 GôP-GÛzôh-¼P-z®m-HÛ-‚ãP-¼zÅ-hP.ü hï-mÅ-h-z¼-¤Û-¾ô-iâG-TßºÛ-¼ÛP-zôh-GŸÛÅ-¾ÞÅ-M-VïºÛ-¤Û-¤P-GÛ-z¸ôh-¤Û-fÞz-qºÛh;º-ÇkÝG-hP.ü zôh-ˆÛ-Çoôh-zTßh-GZÛÅ-;-ÁÛ-GÅôm-VG-ºWÛG-GÛ-Zïm-±zÅ-¤fô-ÁôÅ-ÅÞ-ÇÀïzÅ-»ôh-qºÛ-zôh-mP-GÛ-h¿eºÛ-GmÅ-zz-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-ÁÝGÅ-Vï-‚-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 3] zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-‚ïh-q¼-zôh-GŸÝP-mÅ-zôh-¼P-z®m-HÛ-‚ãP-¼zÅ-hP-ü h-¿e-zôh-hôm-zhïm-¤fº-Åï¾-fzÅˆÛ-ÆÛh-WâÅ-Ç‰ÛP-zÇkÝÅ-ÅôGÅ-±ôm-¿km-hq¼-¼ÛÅ-hP-zTÅ-¿eïz-¯ÛG-Tm-HÛ-¿e-zhïºÛ-ÁôG-zÞ-Ç+h-»ÛG-ºi-¤Ûm-fôG-z¸ôzCæm-HÛÅ-GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-q-hP.ü xÛ-M¾-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-uÛ-¤fÞm-±ôGÅ-q-ÅôGÅ-zMãh-ºIï¤Å-Çtï¾-M-GPVï-GmP-fÞz-q-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 114

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zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-‚ïh-q¼ü P-±ôÅ-M¾-uÛºÛ-FÛ¤Å-¾ÞGÅ-hP-ºG¾-zºÛ-M-mG-GÛ-‚-uôh-¤fº-hG-¤fÛ¾-zdô¾‚ïh-hGôÅ-q-hP.ü ¿ËG-q¼-hïP-hÝÅ-i-MºÛ-zMãh-¾¤-¾-zdïm-mÅ-Ez-zOGÅ-‚-Mã-GôP-¤fô¼-GbôP-fÞz-q-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

M-G¼-GŸÝP-mÛ-P-±ôºÛ-GmÅ-±P-M¾-Dz-z;º-iÛm-„À-m-¤ïh-q-ŸÛG-»Ûm-q-hP.ü M-G¼-Å-GmÅ-»Þ¾-¤Û¼-zôh-hômiÛ¾-zOGÅ-HÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-¿kïP-GÛ-¤ïh-qºÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾-»ôP-zŸÛm-q¼-zdïm-M-G¼-Ç+h-»ÛG-fôG-JÀôG-z½‰m-z¸ô-z-ÅôGÅGŸÝP-hP-GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-q-mÅ-zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-PïÅ-q¼-ÁÝGÅ-Vï-¼Þ-GbôP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-‚ïh-Ç+zÅ-P-±ôÅ-PïÅ-q¼-hÝ-zôh-hôm-ÁïÅ-¤Dm-hP.ü zôh-hôm-¤Û-ÁïÅ-¤Dmü zôh-ˆÛ-Dô¼-»ÞGGmÅ-ÇePÅ-ÅôGÅ-¾-hô-ÇoP-‚ïh-¤Dm-zTÅ-h‚ï-º‚ïh-GÅ¾-qô-xïÅ-hïü zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-ˆÛ-fzÅ-‚ãÅ-Ço-±ôGÅzïh-uôh-‚ïh-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

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10] xÛ-M¾-»Þ¾-Iâ-DG-bà-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-uÛ-¤fÞm-±ôGÅ-qº¤ü zôh-¼ÛGÅ-±ôGÅ-q-n¤Å-ÁÛm-bà-G¾-Vï-z¼-zdïmü mP-¾-iÛ¾zOGÅ-¤ïh-m-xÛ¼-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-‚ïh-DG-qºÛ-hqï-¿e¼ü ºƒï¾-»ôh-¼P-GŸÝP-GÛ-¤²h-G®ô-hP-¤DÅ-hzP-ÅôGÅÇ+zÅ-hP-hÝÅ-zÇeàm-Å-GmÅ-Åô-Åô¼-Ghm-ºiïm-ŸÝÅ-bï-GÅÞP-zÁh-hP-¸z-¢ôP-ÅôGÅ-Gô-OÛG-GmP-G¾-Vïü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 11] zôh-¤ÛºÛ-ºhÝÅ-Çkôh-»Þ¾-Iâ-DG-bà-&GôP-Å-¤VôG-GÛ-ºFâPÅ-Ç+¼-ÅôGÅ-GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤²h-ÇKô¼-ºƒï¾-»ôh-GŸÝP-GÛGmh-»ôh-¤Û-Ço-Vïh-hÝ-Ghm-ºiïm-ŸÝÅ-bï-zôh-hôm-»ÛG-V-ºIï¤Å-Çtï¾-ÇS¼-¿ËG-‚ïh-fÞz-q-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 12] zôh-GŸÝP-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-¾Å-DÞPÅ-mÅ-zôh-hôm-xÛ¼-zOGÅ-GTÛG-qÞ-¤Ûm-q¼ü >ÀôG->Àh-V-ºyÛm-i-M-zMãh-GmÅ-±ß¾¤Dô-Oæz-ˆÛ-ÇKïºÞ-DÞP-ŸÛG-GÅ¼-z¸ô-fÞz-mü ºƒï¾-»ôh-hô-ÇoP-Tm-±P-¤Å-GmÅ-±ß¾-GP-¼G-q-fh-;¼-GŸÝP-¾ºzÞ¾-fÞz-qºÛ-hGï-¤±m-Vïü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 13] zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-‚ïh-Ç+zÅ-PïÅ-q¼-GÅ¼-ºHã¼-iP-zhïm-hP.ü Z¤Å-ŸÛz-±h-¿kmü ºÞ¼-¾PÅ-¤-‚Å-qºÛ-fôGmÅ-GmP-hGôÅ-q-ÁÛm-bà-G¾-Vï-¾ü ¿ËG-q¼-zôh-ˆÛ-VôÅ-hP-¼ÛG-GŸÝP.ü Dô¼-»ÞG-ÅôGÅ-M-h¤¼-HÛÅ-¯-Gbô¼GbôP-zŸÛm-qºÛ-Aïm-HÛÅ-uÛ¼-º²¤-zÞ-JÀÛP-hP.ü »P-ÇKôÅ-EÛ¤-¤±ïÅ-M¾-Dz-DG-¾-Gmôh-Bôm-WÛ-fïzÅ-hP-ºƒï¾zºÛ-GmÅ-ÇePÅ-GÅ¾-zÁh-¤fÛ¾-xÛm-GmP-fÞz-hGôÅ-qü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 14] h-¿eºÛ-hÝÅ-Ç+zÅ-ºhÛ¼-zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-‚ïh-MãºÛ-D-xôGÅ-M-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-¾-xôGÅ-hGôÅ-q¼-zdïmü M-»ÛG-ÁïÅ-»ômTm-¤P-hG-TÛG-¾-¸z-¢ôP-hP-GÅô-BôP-GmP-Çeïü zôh-GŸÝP-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-¾Å-DÞPÅ-ˆÛ-M-»ÛG-Çkï-±m-M-zBïh-hÝGbôP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 15] M¾-uÛºÛ-ÇkÛPÅ-V¼-zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-‚ïh-Ç+zÅ-PïÅ-q¼-IGÅ-Tm-JÀâ-q-¤Z¤-ŸÝGÅ-Å¤ü @P-¯ïh-Çtô-¾ôºÛ-ºImzÇkÝ¼ü GŸôm-BïÅ-±ôºÛ-zÅ¤-„ÀôºÛ-ºEï¼-Åô-hP-¤fÞm-qºÛ-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-GmP-fÞz-q-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

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16] zôh-¼ÛG-qºÛ-ŸÛz-ºWâG-±ôGÅ-Vïm-hP.ü M¾-uÛºÛ-Dô¼-»ÞG-±ôGÅ-Vïm-¾-ÅôGÅ-q¼-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-Ç+Ý-±z-¤P-®¤-GbôPfzÅ-ˆÛÅ-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-ÁÝGÅ-Vï-¼Þ-GbôP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 17] zŸÝGÅ-ÇK¼-l-Å¼-zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-ˆÛ-z½‰m-ºyÛm-fh-GbôP-‚ïh-zŸÛm-q-¿e¼ü ºIô-Iôm-¾-¤-º²ï¤Å-q¼-GŸÛÅVGÅ-DG-bàºP-hï-¤±ßPÅ-ˆÛ-¤fÞm-Aïm-PïÅ-q¼-Cæm-fzÅ-fÞz-q-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 18] 2008 ¾ôºÛ-Å-‚Û-ŸÛ-Lô¾-XïÅ-zôh-hôm-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-ˆÛ-D-xôGÅ-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-zB¼-ŸÛz-PïÅ-q¼-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) M-z¾-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-wÞh-qºÛ-D-ºfô¼-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-Ç+ô¼ü 1] zôh-¤Û-z®m-‚ô¾-hÝ-º‚ô¼-mÅ-¤Û-¾ô-50 hP-ü hï-zŸÛm-Í-¼Û-hP-mÝz-xôGÅ-ÅÞ-GmÅ-ºDôh-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-hq¾-º‚ô¼-GmÅÇePÅ-GP-»G-»ôh-ÇezÅü xÛ-M¾-hÝ-»ôh-qºÛ-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-±ôGÅ-q-DG-mÅ-¤Z¤-¼Þz-¼ôGÅ-Bô¼-fïzÅ-¯-ŸÛG-GÅ¼z®ßGÅ-ˆÛÅü ; GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-Bô-z-ÅôGÅ-¾Å-GŸÛ-DG-¾-¼ôGÅ-¼¤-‚-Mãü D zôh-mP-M¾-GTïÅ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-Çtï¾zºÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-z®ôm-¸Þ¼-z®m-‚ô¾-hÝ-wïzÅ-q-n¤Å-¾-¼ôGÅ-¼¤-‚-Mãü Vz-ÆÛh-z®ôm-¸Þ¼-n¤Å-zôh-GŸÝP-zhï-ÆâPhP.ü ºyôh-zÇeïmü hGÝ-zTß-GÅÞ¤-ÅôGÅ-mÅ-¼ôGÅ-¼¤-GP-»ôP-GmP-zŸÛm-»P-zôh-mP-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-GŸÛ-M-Vïm-qô‚ãP-Ç+zÅ-hï-¤±ßPÅ-z®ôm-q-Wï-¤P-¾-zdïmü DôP-n¤-qºÛ-Åï¤Å-ÁÝGÅ-zhG-Z¼-hP.ü h;º-P¾-»ôh-±ï-Åï¾-fzÅ‚-Mã-hï-G¾-Vï-ŸÛG-bà-ÇoP.ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 2]

3] xÛ-M¾-hÝ-»ôh-qºÛ-zôh-¤Û-n¤Å-¼P-GÛ-Ç+h-»ÛG-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-GTïÅ-Z¼-Mãh-º²Ûm-‚-MãºÛ-fzÅ-¾¤-»G-ÁôÅ-mÛ-EÛ¤-±P»Ûm-ÇezÅü EÛ¤-±P-mP-hÝ-w-¤-zÞ-yâG-Mãm-hÝ-zôh-Ç+h-zïh-uôh-‚-Mãü zôh-GŸÅ-ºDô¼-fG-ºi-¤Ûm-zbP-ü zôh-qºÛz½‰m-fG-ºi-¤Ûm-z¿eÅü ÇS-hGôP-¤Vôh-¤ï-»ôm-Vz-ºzÞ¾-Ÿô¼-hÝ-¤-aÛ-D-ºhôm-zTÅ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-EÛ¤-±P-zCæmü ¼PGÛ-yâ-GÝ¼-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-Gô¤Å-GÁÛÅ-hP.ü VôÅ-¼ÛG-GÛ-zG-VGÅ-ºWôG-fzÅ-¾-ºzh-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 117

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3] ¼P-GŸÝP-mÅ-zôh-qºÛ-Çkï-DG-Vï-Å¼-GŸÛ-M-Vï-z-hP-V-Aïm-»ôPÅ-ÅÞ-±P-zºÛ-Ç¨m-DP-º²âGÅ-zCæm-fÞz-m-uÛ¼-zôh¼ÛGÅ-hP-‚ï-ƒG-bà-»Þ¾-¤Û-zTÅ-¾-wm-qºÛ-Ç¨m-q-Vïh-¾Å-qºÛ-V-Aïm-hP-xÛ-M¾-DG-mÅ-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-Ç¨m-q-hÐP-„ÀPÅDôPÅ-wïzÅ-fÞz-m-GŸïm-zÇ+Ý¾-‚-hGôÅ-¤fôP-ü(uÛ-¤ôÅü) 4]

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zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

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zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

qô-ŸÛG-z¸ô-fÞz-m-¤-ºôPÅ-q¼-zôh-GŸÛÅ-‚ïÅ-GZïm-ºyh-‚-MãÅ-¤±ôm-qºÛ-w¼-ºIô-±ß¼-ºôP-GÛ-Gô-Ç+zÅ-ÁÛG-bm-bm-»ôPÆÛhü hï-ºi-‚ãP-Ç+zÅ-GŸÛÅ-¾ÞÅ-M-VïºÛ-¤Û-¤P-zôh-mP-ÇkÝG-zÇS¾-hP.ü ºWÛGÅ-ÇoP.ü hPPÅ-CG-zTÅ-ˆÛ-ºôGÇkôh-¤Dm-±ô-ºhÛ-xôGÅ-ÇÀïzÅ-Ç+zÅ-Åï¤Å-mP-hGº-±ô¼-Bï-z-ŸÛG-P-±ôÅ-z¸ô-hGôÅü ŸïÅ-zXôh-»ôhü hï-mÅ-h-z¼¾ô-¤P-qô-ŸÛG-ÅôP-ŸÛP-ºhÛ-G¼-P-±ôÅ-¤Û-ºhÝG-¤Û-ºhÝG-TïÅ-ÇkÝG-Ç+h-MG-GÛm-MG-GÛm-¾-»¼-MÅ-¤ÛG-GÛÅ-¤fôP-Mã-»ôhq-ŸÛG-‚ãP-»ôhü hï-¼ÛP-ºhÛ¼-±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-ºhÛ-ºi-ŸÛG-±ôGÅ-fÞz-q¼-È-TP-»G-qô-‚ãP-ºhÝG ºhÛ¼-GŸÛÅ-ÇK¼-hP.ü VôÅ-ÇK¼-DG-»ôh-q-hï-ÇS-¤fôP-¤-¥ôP-z-±ôÅ-¤fôP-Ç+zÅ-M-G¼-¿Ëô-xôGÅ-¾-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-ºhÛ-¿e-zÞ-ºhÝG-zÅ¤-q-ŸÛG-Eïh¼P-±ôºÛ-„Àô-¾-ºV¼-z-ŸÛG-VGÅ-q-»G-qô-‚ãP-ºhÝG Eïh-¼P-±ôÅ-ºhÛ¼-ZÛm-ÁÅ-¼ÛP-Gô-zÇkÝ¼-ŸÛz-±GÅ-hP-±ôGÅVßP-V-zGôÅ-ˆÛÅ-Gô-zÇkÝ¼-ºhôh-q-±Û¤-q-ŸÛG-‚ãP-ÅôP-ŸïÅ-h-¿e-zÁh-q-hï-È-TP-G¾-Vïm-qô-¼ïhü fïPÅ-ºhÛºÛ-±ôGÅÇePÅ-ˆÛ-Z¤Å-¥ôP-mÅ-¤-ºôPÅ-q¼-h-hÝP-¾ïGÅ-zTôÅ-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-fôG-mÅ-ºhÛ-¿e-zÞ-±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-±ôGÅ-fÞz-qºÛ-VïhºV¼-GŸÛ-hP-ºhÝm-q-»ôh-q-È-TP-»G-qô-¼ïhü GP-¿e¼-zôh-uÛ-qºÛ-hôm-hG-ºhÛ-P-±ô-±P-¤Å-¿ËG-zÅ¤-h¤-±ÛG-G¸ôPD-GTÛG-OÛ¾-HÛ-fôG-mÅ-zOæz-hGôÅ-q-»Ûmü Ç+zÅ-¼ï-zôh-uÛ-qºÛ-OÛG-º²âGÅ-hï-¸ÞP-hÝ-¿ËG-q-¿e-zÞ-hP.ü ¤P-±ôGÅŸïÅ-¸Þ¼-hÝ-¿ËG-q-¿e-zÞÅ-¤-ºIÛG-¤-ºfÞÅ-q-Áôh-Mã-ŸÛG-»ôP-GÛ-»ôhü P-¼P-hÝÅ-Mãm-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-DG-bà-»ôPÇ+zÅ-PÅ-ºhÛ-¿e¼-zXôh-»ôhü Eïh-¼P-±ô¼-¤-ºIÛG-¤-ºfÞÅ-q-bm-bm-»ôP-GÛ-¼ïhü ÇSôm-¾-¤-ºIÛG-¤-ºfÞÅ-q-ÁôhÅ-»ôh-q-ºhÛ-È-TP-»G-qô-»Ûmü ºIÛG-GÛ-¤ïh-m-ºIÛG-GÛ-¤Û-ºhÝG-TïÅ-Áôh-ÅºÛ-P-±ôºÛ-uÛ-qºÛ-OÛG-º²âGÅ-ºhÛ-¤ïh-mü zhï-ÇkÝG-ÅÞ-¾-Áôh-hÝ-ºIô-Mã-»Ûm-m¤ü hï¼-zdïm-zhï-ÇkÝG-Áôh-Å-¤ïh-q-¾Å-»ôh-q-ºhÛ-È-TP-iÛm-Vï-GÛ-¼ïh-TïÅ-zXôhˆÛ-»ôhü h-¿e-P-±ô-z®m-‚ô¾-z-zôh-¤Û-VÛG-ºzÞ¤-¿S-FÛ-®¤-»ôhü G¾-Vï-ÁôÅ-GŸÛÅ-¾ÞÅ-M-VïºÛ-¤Û-¤P-Å-»-iâG-»ôh-qhï-hG-GÛ-„Àô-P-±ô-¼P-hzP-¾ÞP-q¼-»ôh-qºÛ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-GôP-zÞ-ºhÛ-¾-Gbh-ˆÛ-»ôhü hï-mÛ-PôÅ-¤Û-GTÛG-GÛ-Ç+h-V-¤Ûmü GP¿e¼-z®m-‚ô¾-¾-»ôh-qºÛ-zôh-q-n¤Å-¾-„Àô-Gbh-ˆÛ-»ôhü GŸÛÅ-¾ÞÅ-M-VïºÛ-¤Û-¤P-GÛ-„Àô-Gbh-Å-P-¼P-±ô-mP-DÞ¾-±P¤-lôG-¯-VÛG-OÛ¾-‚ïh-hGôÅ-q-¾Åü uÛ-qºÛ-OÛG-º²âGÅ-E-¼ï-Eô-¼ï¼-GmÅ-»ôh-q-ºhÛ-lôG-OÛ¾-qô-ŸÛG-¤-‚ãP-m-»G-qô¤ïhü lôG-OÛ¾-qô-»ôP-z-¾-lôG-OÛ¾-qô-‚ïh-hGôÅ-ŸïÅ-ºzôh-Ç+Ý¾-‚Å-q-®¤-HÛÅ-¤Û-ºIÛGÅ-q¼ü P-¼P-±ô-GŸÝP-¤P123

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

GZÛÅ-;ºÛ-fôG-mÅ-¾Å-;-GP-ºi-‚ïh-hGôÅ-q-hï-hG-±P-¤Å-ÁïÅ-q-‚Å-bï-GmÅ-±ß¾-GÅ¾-qô-‚ãP-m-»Ûh-VïÅ-ÇÀïzÅˆÛ-¼ïhü »Ûh-VïÅ-ŸïÅ-q-ºhÛ-mÛ-lôG-¯-VÛG-OÛ¾-»ôP-zºÛ-¯-hôm-»Ûmü GÝP-Fm-bP-¾-V-zŸG-m-¤fÞm-OÛ¾-¤fÞm-OÛ¾ŸïÅ-¾ô-iâG-TßºÛ-¼ÛP-zXôh-»ôh-¾ü ¢¼-»ÛG-ˆP-È-TP-¤P-qô-»ôhü Gm¤-zhï-ÇKô-¤ô-VïºÛ-fP-GÛ-»ÛG-Vïm-fôG-¤fÞm-OÛ¾ŸïÅ-¤P-qô-z;ôh-»ôh-ˆP-¤Û-¾-»Ûh-VïÅ-¤ïh-m-¤fÞm-OÛ¾-GP-ºi-‚Å-bï-»ôP-GÛ-¼ïh-h¤ü ºWÛGÅ-ÇoP-ºôG-bà-Çkôh-¤DmŸÛG-¾-»Ûh-VïÅ-»ôP-Mã-¤ïhü »Ûh-VïÅ-¤ïh-m-¤fÞm-OÛ¾-»ôP-fzÅ-¤ïhü P-±ô-¼P-hzP-¾ÞP-qºÛ-mP-zÇkh-»ôh-q-hP.ü P-¼P-±ô-»Ûh-VïÅ-»ôP-zºÛ-V-Aïm-GTÛG-mÛ-P-¼P-±ô-GTÛG-GÛÅ-GTÛG-¾-Gô-zÇkÝ¼-‚Åü hï-¼ÛP-GÛ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-ºhÛ-¿e-zÞ-¤Û¤P-qô-ºhÝ-º²ô¤Å-fôG-xÛ-GÅ¾-mP-GÅ¾-‚ãP-Ç+zÅ-»Ûh-VïÅ-ÇÀïzÅ-ˆÛ-»ôhü xÛ-GÅ¾-mP-GÅ¾-¤ïh-m-ºô-h-l-¼¤-Å¾¼-GTÛG-»ôh-q-¼ïh-¸ï¼-z-¿e-zÞ-hP.ü z¼-hï¼-¤Gô-±ôÅ-¾-¤-±ôÅ-D-ÁÅ-ˆÛÅ-Ç+h-V-Áôh-Ç+zÅ-GP-ºi-»Ûm-m¤-zÅ¤q-im-ÆÛh-q-¼ïhü hï¼-zdïm-¤P-±ôGÅ-hP-¿Ëm-hÝ-GP-fÞz-zIô-JÀïP-hP-Gô-zÇkÝ¼-‚ïh-Mã-È-TP-G¾-Vïm-qô-¼ïh-ºhÝG P±ôºÛ-ÇeôzÅ-ÁÝGÅ-mÛ-¤fÞm-OÛ¾-hP-h¤-±ÛG-VÛG-OÛ¾-HÛ-fôG-mÅ-»ôP-z-»Ûmü h¤-±ÛG-VÛG-OÛ¾-»ôP-z-¾-»Ûh-VïÅ-hGôÅq-hP.ü P-±ôÅ-¾Å-;-‚Å-q-n¤Å-D-Ÿï-GZÛÅ-¤ïh-hP.ü MP-hïP-wÞGÅ-GÅÞ¤-fôG-zÅ¤-q-n¤-hG-GÛÅ-¾Å-;-‚ïhzŸÛm-»ôhü hï-hG-mÛ-Mã-¤±m-¿km-q-hP.ü xÛ-GÅ¾-mP-GÅ¾-‚Å-q-¼ïhü Ÿï-wÞGÅ-¾-hôm-GŸm-ŸÛG-zTPÅü D-mÅÇ+h-V-GŸm-ŸÛG-zÁh-m-hôm-wm-bÛ¾-ºƒâ-®¤-¤ïhü hï¼-zdïm-P-±ôÅ-zhïm-q-zhïm-fÞz-ˆÛ-Ç+h-V-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôh-ÇezÅü WÛ®¤-HÛ-iÛ-z-iÛÅ-¾m-hP-Ç+h-V-¤P-z-zÁh-m-hï-®¤-HÛÅ-zhïm-qºÛ-mÝÅ-q-GÅ¾-fÞz-q-»ôP-GÛ-»ôhü P-±ô-¾Å-;ºÛ-ºGmºEï¼-¤Dm-hï-hG-GÛÅ-¤hÝm-¾-n¤-ºHã¼-GTÛG-hP.ü Mz-¾-zÅ¤-„Àô-GbôP-ÇePÅ-¤Û-ºi-z-GŸm-ŸÛG-‚Å-mÅ-Gô-zÇkÝ¼‚Å-m-zôP-zÞ-fôm-MãºÛ-Zïm-D-»ôhü hï¼-zdïm-xÛ-GÅ¾-mP-GÅ¾-¤-‚Å-q¼-Ç~äG-Ç~äG-‚Å-bï-¤-zÇkh-;-¤ïh-»Ûmü P±ôÅ-zÅ¤-q-n¤-hG-‚ïh-q-¾Å-¤hô-Ç~äG-Mz-¤hÝm-GP-»P-¤ïhü WÛ-®¤-wm-±ßm-Pô-fÞG-hP-Gô-zÇkÝ¼-¿ËàG-qô-‚ïh-Mã-¤Pz-‚ãP-m-hï-®¤-HÛÅ-h¤-±ÛG-GôP-zÞ-VÛG-OÛ¾-»ôP-Mã¼-wm-fôGÅ-»ôhü hï-È-TP-G¾-Vïm-qô-»Ûmü hï-¼ÛP-ºhÛ¼-±ôGÅºhÝ-È-TP-»G-qô-hP-hPôÅ-GmÅ-Iâz-ºƒÅ-fôm-q-‚ãP-»ôh-q¼-zdïm-z=-ÁÛÅ-zhï-¾ïGÅ-hP-fÞGÅ-Xï-Vï-ŸÝ-Mã-»Ûmü PôÅ¾-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-ŸÝ-Mã-¤ïhü 124

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

Áôh-Mã-»ôh-q-n¤Å-P-±ô-zôh-¤Û-±ô-fôG-¤¼-ºfô¤-¤-ÅPÅ-qºÛ-Ç+zÅ-ÅÞ-PôÅ-ˆÛÅ-w¼-MãG-±¼-MãG-‚Å-bï-zÁh»ôhü hqï¼-mü ¤ºï-Åô¼-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-¾-V-zŸG-m-fôG-¤¼-ÁÛP-GTôh-ƒïG-hP.ü z¼-¾-JÀP-Vïm-HÛÅ-Gmôh-º±ï-‚ïhqºÛ-Ç+zÅ-zTÅ-ÅÞ-PôÅ-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-ºhÛ¼-ÇÀïzÅ-bï-MãÅ-»ôh-»Ûmü Ç+zÅ-hï¼-Ç+h-V-zÁh-q-ÅôGÅ-GP-»ôP-TÛ-»ôP-‚Å»ôhü h-V-¤Û-¼zÅ-GÅ¼-q-hï-hG-¼P-GÛÅ-‚Å-¤-‚Å-hP-¿ËG-zÅ¤-hG-¤-hG-¾-¼G-¾Å-q-¾Å-¤Û-ÁïÅ-q-¤ïhü hï¼zdïm-PôÅ-ˆÛÅ-hï-®¤-Áôh-hGôÅ-hôm-¤ïhü Åô-ÅôÅ-¿ËG-zÅ¤-n¤-hG-fôG-mÅ-‚Å-hP-¤-‚Å-¾-fÞG-»ôhü Ç+zÅ-¼ï-¤Gô±ôÅ-qô-VGÅ-Ç+zÅ-¤Gô-zhï-¼Þ-ºIô-z-hï-mÛ-¤Û-hGôÅ-q-ŸÛG-»Ûmü hPôÅ-GmÅ-¿ËG-zÅ¤-HÛ-Mz-EôGÅ-¤-EôGÅ-hP.ü ‚ïhfÞz-¤Û-fÞz-¾Å-ÁïÅ-¤Û-ÁïÅ-ˆÛ-Gmh-hôm-¤ïhü hï¼-zdïm-PôÅ-mÅ-Áôh-Mã-GP-»P-¤ïhü PôÅ-¼P-¾ô-LÅ-ºIô-GÛ-»ôhü ÇSôm¤-PôÅ-¼P-fôG-¤¼-M-G¼-¾-z®m-‚ô¾-hÝ-»ôP-Ç+zÅ-¾ô- 24 »Ûmü ¾ô- 25 hP- 26 hï-Ç+zÅ-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-DG-¾w¼-±ß¼-¤P-qô-xÛm-q-»Ûmü h-V-¾ô- 76 ¾-ÇÀïzÅ-»ôh-¿Ëôh-¿Ëôh-hÝ-Çkôh-Mã-ŸÛG-hGôÅ-ˆP-¿Ëôh-¿Ëôh-hÝ-Çkôh-ºWâG-GÛ-¤ÛºhÝG w¼-ÁôG-±ß¼-ÁôG-¸ï¼-hÝÅ-‚-Mã-GP-»P-¤Û-ºhÝG xÛm-m-ym-zÞ-wm-HÛ-»ôh-q-¿e-zÞ-ºhÝG P-±ôºÛ-ºƒÅ-h;¼zÅ¤-qºÛ-hôm-Iâz-zŸÛm-PÅ-w¼-xÛm-bï-GTÛG-zÁhü ±ß¼-»ôP-Çeï-GTÛG-zÁh-‚ïh-Ç+zÅ-¤Û-±ô¼-wm-HÛ-»ôh-q-¿e-zÞ-ºhÝG Å-hP-Vß-hP-¤ï-hP-½ÀâP.ü üÇ¨m-hP-hGôm-qºÛ-ÁÛP-zŸÛm-hÝü üdG-bà-Åï¤Å-Tm-f¤Å-Th-ˆÛÅü ü¼P-hG¼-hGG-¤ïhuh-‚¼-ÁôG üTïÅ-GÅÞPÅ-q-zŸÛm-Ç¨ôm-¾¤-ºhÛ-MG-GÛ-»ôh-¾-Z¤Å-¾ïm-»P-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»ôhü hï¼-zdïm-ym-zÞ-wm-Å-hï¼ºIô-hGôÅ-ˆÛ-¼ïhü ¤-ºVÛ-z¼-hÝ-Åô-ÅôºÛ-¾ÞÅ-PG-»Ûh-GÅÞ¤-HÛÅ-GŸm-¾-wm-q-ŸÛG-‚ãP-m-VôÅ-ˆÛ-Z¤Å-¾ïm-ºhÛ-¼ïhü GP-¿e¼-PôÅ-ˆÛÅ-ŸÛz-y-Áôh-hGôÅ-hôm-¤ïhü ºhÅ-qºÛ-¾ô- 51 ¾-xÛ-¿eÅ-ÁÛG-ÇÀôG-q-»Ûm-m-P-±ô-z®m-‚ô¾-hÝ-º‚ô¼¤-fG-ÁïÅ-»ôm-G¾-Vïm-qô¼-z¯ÛÅ-q-hP.ü q -b-mï-Èï-¼ÞÅ-ˆP-ÁïÅ-»ôm-G¾-Vïm-qô-¼ïh-TïÅ-¤²âz-Çeôm-GmP-»ôhü mïÈï-¼Þ-¼P-ZÛh-ˆÛÅ-¤²âz-Çeôm-GmP-z-zŸÛm-M-G¼-hzÞÅ-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-ºGm-V-±P-zŸïÅ-bï-ºIô-ÅôP-zbP-mÅ-P-±ôºÛ-ÇÀôzIÔ-hï-hG-z®ßGÅ-»ôhü h-¿e-z¼-hÝ-P-±ô¼-GŸÛ-¯ºÛ-V-mÅ-Iâz-ºƒÅ-»G-fG-Vôh-‚ãP-»ôhü GŸÛÅ-¾ÞÅ-M-VïºÛ-¤Û-¤PGÛ-ÁïÅ-±h-hP-ÇÀôz-IÔºÛ-GmÅ-ÇePÅ-¾Å-P-±ô-z®m-‚ô¾-¾-»ôh-q-±ô-»G-q-VGÅ-»ôhü ºôm-ˆP-P-±ôºÛ-ºGm-ºhÛ-¤Û¼ÛGÅ-GTÛG-ºHï¾-Å-mÅ-¾PÅ-MãºÛ-ºGm-ŸÛG-»Ûm-ÇezÅü ºGm-hï-¾-hqG-qºÛ-P-±ôºÛ-ÇÀôz-¢ôP-GÛ-±h-GŸÛ-¾ôP-GÛ-¤ïhü 125

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

GZÛÅ-mÅ-º²¤-JÀÛP-ºhÛºÛ-ÇeïP-zôh-qºÛ-VôÅ-hP-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-ŸïÅ-q-ºhÛ-ÇS-¤ô-»Ûm-m->Àô-qºÛ-VôÅ-hP-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-¿e-zÞ¼-¤fôPGÛ-»ôhü ºôm-ˆP-hï-¼ÛP-D-ÅP-hï-¿e¼-¤Ûm-q¼ü zôh-ˆÛ-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-hP.ü mP-q-ÅPÅ-MÅ-qºÛ-VôÅ-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-Åï¤ÅD¤Å-¼ÛG-qºÛ-n¤-GŸG-hP.ü hï-zŸÛm-hPôÅ-qôºÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾-HÛ-»Ûm-¾ÞGÅ-WÛ-¿e¼-»Ûm-¤Ûm-HÛ-¿e-Iâz-hï-±ô¼-ÁïÅ-»ômTm-hP-ü ±m-¼ÛG-q-±ôÅ-hô-ÇoP-‚ïh-hGôÅ-q-ŸÛG-VGÅ-»ôhü hï¼-zdïm-P-±ôºÛ-VôÅ-hP-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-ºhÛ-Å-DÞG-¾ÞP-DÞGGTÛG-GÛ-Gmº-¼zÅ-ˆÛ-Gô¤Å-GÁÛÅ-®¤-¤Ûm-q¼ü hÝÅ-¼zÅ-Zï¼-GTÛG-qºÛ-mP-º²¤-JÀÛP-GÛ-¤Û-uÛÅ-zÅ¤-„Àô-GbôP-Mã¼wm-fôGÅ-»ôh-q-ŸÛG-hP.ü hï-¾-ŸzÅ-ºhïGÅ-zOæz-fÞz-qºÛ-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-hP-¿e-Iâz-GTÛG-VGÅ-»ôhü ¤Û-GŸm-HÛÅ-PôÅº²Ûm-hï-¿e¼-‚ïh-hÝÅ-P-¼P-±ô-¼P-ZÛh-ˆÛÅ-hï-hG-ÁïÅ-q-‚-Mã-G¾-Vïm-qô-»Ûmü zôh-ˆÛ-VôÅ-hP-ü ¼ÛG-GŸÝP-ü ¿e-IâzÅôGÅ-GbÛP-¸z-»ôh-q-hï-hG-¤Gô-ÅïºÛ-Å¼-ÇÀôz-q¼-ºIô-hGôÅ-‚ãP-m-hï-mÛ-fzÅ-Bô-qô-»Ûmü P-±ô-zôh-q¼-Ç+h-»ÛG-GŸmŸÛG-zMãh-¤-hGôÅ-q¼-Åô-Åô-¼P-ZÛh-ˆÛ-Ç+h-»ÛG-mP-mÅ-V-±P-ÇÀôz-ÁïÅ-fÞz-q-ŸÛG-»ôh-ÇezÅü hï-¾-zhG-qô-MG-MãG¾-Vïm-qô-»Ûm-q¼-zdïm-P-±ôºÛ-ÇÀôz-IÔ-DG-GÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-z¼-Ç+zÅ-mÅ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-ÅôGÅ-GP-Å-mÅ-±GÅ-±ßh-»ôPzºÛ-ºzh-z¯ôm-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»ôhü P-±ôºÛ-zôh-»ÛG-hP-zôh-»ÛG-mP-»ôh-qºÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-hï-hG-hïP-hÝÅ-ˆÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-hP-hô-¤Z¤q-ŸÛG-»ôP-fÞz-q-‚-Mã¼-P-±ôÅ-ºzh-z¯ôm-‚ïh-zŸÛm-»ôh-q-ºhÛ-È-TP-G¾-Vïm-qô-»Ûmü ÁïÅ-»ôm-Ç+ô¼-h-hÝP-»P-P-±ôÅ»¼-MÅ-GbôP-hGôÅü Åô-ÅôÅ-ÁïÅ-q-Åô-ÅôÅ-‚Åü Åô-ÅôºÛ-¤-ÁïÅ-q-n¤Å-¤Û-GŸm-¾-Ç+h-V-iÛÅü zÇÀz-‚-Zm-q-ÅôGÅGP-»ôP-‚ïh-hGôÅ-q-¾Å-VôG-ÁïÅ-‚Å-mÅ-Çkôh-Mã-¤ïhü ¤Þ-¤fÞh-mÅ-»¼-MÅ-»ôP-fzÅ-‚-Mã-ÈP-TP-G¾-Vïm-qô-»Ûmü ¾ô-GTÛG-P-±ôºÛ-¼ÛGÅ-GTÛG-@P-º²Ûm-ÇtäÅ-hG-qô-fôm-hGôÅ-q-ºhÝG-TïÅ-Ç+h-V-‚ãP-»ôhü GZÛÅ-q-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-ˆÛ-Ç+ô¼-»Ûmü Ç~ï¾-;ôz-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-ºhÛ-hP-qôºÛ-IÅ-¼ïhü GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-º²âGÅ-Ç+zÅ-P±ôÅ-zôh-q-±ôºÛ-zÅ¤-„Àô-fÞP-fÞP-»Ûm-qÅ-¾ô-D-ÁÅ-mP-zôh-¾-ºHã¼-z-ºIô-GÛ-¼ïh-¸ï¼-z-hP.ü zôh-¤Û-n¤Å-ÈÛ-¤-¾-»ºÛ¼Û-Mãh-mP-zÇkh-m-»G-ÁôÅ-»Ûm-q-hP.ü ¿Ëô-xôGÅ-¤ºï-Åô¼-¾-ºIô-hGôÅ-zXôh-hÝÅ-Åï¤Å-fG-¼ÛP-qô-‚ïh-qºÛ-hÝÅ-±ôhTÛG-‚ãP-»ôhü ºôm-ˆP-P-±ô-z®m-‚ô¾-z-VGÅ-qºÛ-h;º-P¾-ºyh-Å-hï-ÇeôzÅ-Vïm-M¾-Dz-GTÛG-hP-fÞG-»ôh-ÇezÅü hÝÅ-»Þm-fÞP-fÞP-ŸÛG-¾-fG-GTôh-fÞz-ˆÛ-¼ïh-zÅ¤-qºÛ-¼ï-z-hï-hÝÅ-mÅ-zMz-¤ïhü ¼ï-z-z¸P-Å-mÅ-zMzü I-OÛG126

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

ÇkÝG-Å-mÅ-‚ïhü TïÅ-zXôh-hï-P-±ô-¤Û-¼zÅ-mÅ-¤Û-¼zÅ-GŸm-»Þ¾-¼P-hzP-¾ÞP-q¼-zÇkh-hï-zôh-uÛ-qºÛ-hôm-¾-ºfzz¯ôh-‚ïh-hGôÅ-‚ãP-mü ºfz-z¯ôh-‚ïh-¤Dm-HÛ-¤Û-Çkï-Æ-fG-fG-»G-qô-ŸÛG-¤-‚ãP-m-»ôP-fzÅ-¤ïhü hï¼-zdïm-ÅV-Zï-MP-hP-ü ÈÛ-¤-¾-»ºÛ-¼Û-Mãh-hP-MP-fG-Vôh-¤-Vôh-¾-Eh-q¼-¤Û-ºhÝG GP-¿e¼-zôh-¤Û-¼Þz-Çkôh-ˆÛ-GŸÛÅ-VGÅÁÛG-hGôÅ-ˆÛ-ºhÝG-TïÅ-q -b-mï-Èï-¼Þ¼-ŸÝÅ-q-¼ïhü mï-Èï-¼ÞÅ-ˆP-hï-»G-qô-ºhÝG-GÅÞPÅ-mÅ-¤Pº-Çkï-¤P-qô-ŸÛG-¾ºzôh-Ç+Ý¾-GmP.»ôhü Ç+zÅ-hï¼-¤ºï-Åô¼-¤Pº-Çkï-ŸïÅ-zXôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü ÇezÅ-¾ïGÅ-q-ŸÛG-¾-¤Pº-ÇeïºÛ-„Àôm-Vïm-Ç+ÝŸzÅ-mÛ-WÛ-¾ÛRK-q-¼ïhü PôÅ-hP-Ç+Ý-ŸzÅ-mÛ-WÛ-¾ÛRK-q-VÛG-ÇeôP-hGÝ-zM-¿S-zTß-P-iâG-¾ô-mÅ-Pô-ÁïÅ-ˆÛ-»ôhü hPôÅ-GmÅzôh-ˆÛ-hôm-hÝ-Á-±-hP-Åï¤Å-DÞ¼-GmP-¤Dm-ŸÛG-»Ûmü hï-ºiºÛ-fôG-mÅ-¤Pº-Çkï-hïºÛ-mP-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-¤P-ÁôÅ-±ßGÅ»ôh-q-hP.ü z®m-‚ô¾-z-GŸm-hP-zÇkÝ¼-m-P-±ôºÛ-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-DG-Åô-ÅôºÛ-Å-z¸ÞP-mÅ-»G-fG-Vôh-»ôhü h-V-Å-VM-Vï-¼Þ-GbôP-Å-¤ïh-q-hP.ü ¤Û-ºzô¼-¤P-hÝ-ºIô-GÛ-»ôhü hïÅ-m-P-±ô¼-Å-V-ym-zÞ-»ôh-q-hï-hG-GÛ-fôm-Bïh-»¼-MÅGbôP-fzÅ-‚ïh-hGôÅü ÇSôm-¤-P-¾-hï-Ç+ô¼-©Û-¾¤-¿e-zÞ-‚ãP-¥ôP-z-Çeïü P-±ôºÛ-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-hï-hG-JÀÛP-D-¿e-zÞºÛ-ÇSô-¿YPhP-hïºÛ-hˆÛ¾-hÝ-EÛ¤-±P-DG-VGÅ-bï-yâ-GÝ-VßP-VßP-»ôh-q-n¤Å-¾-ÇÀôz-IÔ-»G-qô-ŸÛG-±ßGÅü Åô-m¤-HÛ-¾Å-;-»P-hïPhÝÅ-ºyâ¾-¾Å-ˆÛ-fôG-mÅ-‚ïh-Mã-ŸÛG-hP.ü Eïh-¼P-±ô-Lm-q-D-ÁÅ-ˆÛÅ-ÁïÅ-ˆÛ-¼ïhü PôÅ-¼P-z¸ô-zTôÅ-DP- (Workshop) ¾-hô-ÇoP-Vïm-qô-»ôhü z¸ô-zTôÅ-DP-hï-»P-M-zBïh-zbP-Çeï-hqG-±ôh-ˆÛ-z¸ô-¾Å-VßP-VßP-ŸÛG-º²âGÅ-fÞz-m-zÅ¤-‚ãP.ü GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-¤P-Vï-z-IôP-GÅïz-¾-VGÅ-»ôh-ÇezÅ-P-±ô¼-¼ôGÅ-¼¤-‚ïh-¤Dm-»ôh-q-hP-V-Aïm-º²ô¤Å-mü P-±ôºÛz¸ô-zTôÅ-DP-hï-hG-M-zBïh-‚Å-bï-Å-DÞ¾-hïºÛ-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-¾-ŸzÅ-ºhïGÅ-zOæz-fÞz-q-ŸÛG-hP.ü hq¾-º‚ô¼-fôG-mÅˆP-ym-zÞ-¿e-Mã-»ôh-qºÛ-z¸ô-¾Å-DP-VßP-VßP-º²âGÅ-fÞz-m-zÅ¤-qºÛ-¼ï-z-‚ãP.ü ºôm-ˆP-PôÅ-fïPÅ-GTÛG-»ôP-Ç+zÅP-±ôºÛ-z¸ô-zTôÅ-DP-hï-hG-»¼-MÅ-w¼-zŸG-hïºÛ-mP-wÞG-¼ôm-HÛ-±P-zÅGÅ-mÅ-zÇkh-ºhÝG hï-zŸÛm-©ôÅ-ÇÀôG-ºyâ¾ºDô¼-zïh-¤ïh-D-ÁÅ-P-±ô-LÅ-»ô¾-ºIô-Zï¼-»ôh-¸ï¼-z-¿e-zÞ-ºhÝG »¼-MÅ-GP-»P-xÛm-¤ïhü P-±ô¼-GŸÛÅ-VGÅhP-Å-V-»ôh-q-hï-hG-M-G¼-GŸÝP-GÛ-z;º-iÛm-»Ûmü hï-hG-GÛ-fôG-mÅ-P-±ôÅ-hq¾-º‚ô¼-hP.ü Åô-m¤ü z¸ô-¾ÅºhÝ-ºGôh-ÅôGÅ-ºi-¤Ûm-‚ïh-Mã-»ôh-q-hïºÛ-fh-±h-±h-zÇkÝ¼-zÇkÝ¼-HÛÅ-GP-ŸÛG-‚Å-m-»G-q-»ôh-z¿e-hGôÅ-q-¾Åü ºV¼127

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

Tm-HÛ-¾Å-;-hï-¼P-‚Å-mÅ-Çkôh-Mã-¤ïhü ¤Þ-¤fÞh-»¼-MÅ-»ôP-fzÅ-‚ïh-hGôÅü ÍÛ²-¼¾- (Isreal) ¾-hqï-¿eôÅhP.ü DôP-±ôÅ-‚ï-fP-ÇeïP-º²âGÅ-Cæm-È-¾Å-hGôÅ-q-‚Å-»ôhü P-±ô-¤Û-GTÛG-q-¼ïhü Åô-ÅôÅ-ºzh-z¯ôm-‚Å-m-GP»P-‚ïh-fÞz-q-hP.ü P-±ô¼-Mz-Bô¼-¼ôGÅ-¼¤-‚ïh-¤Dm-»ôhü P-±ô-zôh-qºÛ-PôÅ-mÅ-ºV¼-GŸÛ-¾G-¾ïm-ºDï¾-PïÅˆÛ-»G-qô-ŸÛG-z¸ôÅ-mÅü ¼ôGÅ-¼¤-‚ïh-¤Dm-bm-bm-»ôP-GÛ-¼ïhü hï¼-zdïm-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-DG-GÛ-¾Å-;-È-TP-G¾Vïm-qô-¼ïhü hï-mÅ-VôÅ-ÇK¼-HÛ-Ç+ô¼-»Ûmü hP-fôG-VôÅ-ÇK¼-Ç~G-Å¼-±ßGÅ-ÁÛP-ü M-G¼-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-hGï-ºhÝm-q-IPÅ- 300 ¾-º±ô-wôGÅ-vh-mÅ-VôÅ-ÇK¼-º²âGÅ-MãºÛ-ºV¼-GŸÛ-fôG-¤-hï-¼ïhü hGï-ºhÝm-q-IPÅ- 300 ZÝP-iGÅ-qÅ- 1500 z¼-Çt¼-‚-»ôP-z-ŸïÅ-M-G¼-GŸÝP-¾-ÍÞ-±ßGÅ-ŸÝÅ-q-hï-¿e¼-‚ãP-»ôhü ºôm-ˆP-Å-V-DÞG-ˆôG-hP-ºIÛ¤-ºIâ¾-¤-zhïzü ±-z-Vï-zü ¤fÞm-Aïm-Ÿm-q-zTÅ-ˆÛÅ-¤Û-¤P-qô-mh-q-VGÅ-ÁÛP.ü Ç+zÅ-hï¼-ÇÀôz-¢ôP-»G-qô-»ôh-q-hP-hPôÅGmÅ-zôh-ˆÛ-ÅPÅ-MÅ-ˆÛ-VôÅ-hP-¿e-Iâz-GbÛP-¸z-ÁïÅ-¤Dm-¤Û-hï-±ô-»Ûm-qÅü hï-hG-¤fÞm-Aïm-z¸P-Å¼-GbôP-hGôÅŸïÅ-Ç~ï¾-;ôz-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-ÅÞ-zbP-»ôhü ºGô-Çeôh-¤Dm-¼Ûm-qô-Vï-zIïÅ-ÅôP-±ô-P-±ôºÛ-hGôm-q-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-ÅÞ-zbP-mGP-ºi-VGÅ-»ôP-ŸïÅ-fÞGÅ-F¾-GmP-hGôÅ-q-‚ãP-»ôhü ºôm-ˆP-wÞGÅ-MP-¼ÛP-qôºÛ-zÅ¤-„Àô-GbôP-hÝÅ-P-±ôÅ-GŸÛÅVGÅ-DG-mP-hGôm-q-±ßGÅ-q-»G-qô-‚ãP-»ôhü ¿ËG-q¼-hÝ-ÈÛ-¤-¾-»ºÛ-¼Û-Mãh-mÅ-ÇÀôz-GZï¼-z-ÇeôP-yG-¿S-iâG-®¤ÇÀïzÅ-»ôhü hï-hG-GÛÅ-hGôm-q-Åô-Åô¼-È-TP-wm-»ôhü Dô-±ô-mÛ-mÝz-¾-hÐGÅ-mÅ-Á¼-¤ôm-z¼-HÛ-Å-DÞ¾-hï-hG-mÅ-zôh¤Û-z®m-‚ô¾-zºÛ-¼ÛÅ-¤ïh-VôÅ-ÇK¼-DG-¾-ÇÀôz-¢ôP-‚ïh-q¼-»ôP-z-hP.ü hï-mÅ-fôm-q-hï-±ô-IâP-Á-GŸm-hP-¤Û-ºi-z»ôh-q-hP.ü Dô-¼P-±ô-Åô-ÅôºÛ-Å-DÞ¾-¾ºP-wm-fôGÅ-Vïm-qô-‚ïh-fÞz-q-‚ãP-z-zTÅ-GZÛÅ-wm-»Ûmü P-±ôºÛ-VôÅ-ÇK¼DG-±ßGÅ-q-hï-»G-fG-Vôh-‚ãP-»ôhü »P-Ç+zÅ-¼ï-MÅ-vôÅ-Vï-iGÅ-q-¿e-zÞ-»ôP-GÛ-ºhÝG-ˆP.ü hPÞ¾-¢Ûm-zhG-GÛÅvh-q-»Ûm-ÇezÅü PôÅ-¾-zÁh-Mã-GP-»P-¤ïhü G¾-Vï-ÁôÅ-zÇÀz-q-ÇÀôz-GZï¼-»Ûm-qÅü ÇÀôz-GZï¼-h-wm-»G-qôºhÝG hï-¼ÛP-ºhÛ¼-¤Dm-qô-¾Å-¸Þ¼-HÛÅ-G®ôÅ-qºÛ-hGï-ºhÝm-q-D-ÁÅ-wïzÅ-»ôhü PÅ-hÝÅ-dG-bà-P-±ô-hÝÅ-¼zÅ-Zï¼GTÛG-qºÛ-mP-q-ŸÛG-‚ïh-hGôÅ-ŸïÅ-zXôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü ÈÛ-¤-¾-»ºÛ-¼Û-Mãh-ˆÛ-¤Û-n¤Å-¾ºP-hï-¿e¼-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü hÝÅ-¼zÅ128

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

Zï¼-GTÛG-qºÛ-mP-q-mÛ-hïP-hÝÅ-ˆÛ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-hP-±m-¼ÛG-GÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾-GP-º±¤Å-ÁïÅ-q-hïºÛ-fôG ÅPÅ-MÅ-qºÛ-VôÅˆÛ-ºIô-ÇePÅ-¼ÛGÅ-q-hP-Mã-¤±m-¿km-qºÛ-fôG-mÅ-GŸÛ-¾¤-ºƒÅ-GÅÞ¤-HÛ-n¤-GŸG-zÁh-q-hï-hG-¾-PïÅ-q-½‰ïh-q-ŸÛGhGôÅü Ç+h-V-iÛÅ-q-»Ûm-mü GP-ÁïÅ-zTô¤-¿km-ºhÅ-ˆÛÅ-GÅÞPÅ-q-¼ïh-TïÅ-zXôh-hGôÅ-‚ãP-m-ºÞ-fÞG-»Ûmü zTô¤¿km-ºhÅ-ˆÛÅ-GÅÞPÅ-qºÛ-z;º-hï-hG-Åô-ÅôÅ-DÞPÅ-Bï¾-fÞz-q-ŸÛG-hGôÅü PôÅ-ˆÛÅ-dG-q¼-¾ÞP-ºhÛ-ºiïm-HÛ-»ôhü Xï¼Ûm-qô-VïÅ-ÇSGÅ-¼Û¤-Vïm-¤ôºÛ-hzÞ-¾ü hï-xÛ¼-ˆï-ˆï-„Àô-IôÅ-ºhÝm-¿km-hG ün¤-hG-¼ÛGÅ-qÅ-„Àô-IôÅ-¤ÛG-¢ôPÅ-¾ü üwÅ-ˆÛ-Lô¾-zÅ-zBôh-q¼-¤Û-mÝÅ-qºÛü üzÇem-qºÛ-Gmh-¾-PïÅ-q-zdm-qô-±ô¾ü üŸïÅ-zÇem-qºÛ-Gmh-¾-PïÅ-q-zdmqô-½‰ïh-fzÅ-¼ÛGÅ-qºÛ-¾¤-¾-zdïm-mÅ-wÅ-ˆÛ-Lô¾-zÅ-zBôh-¤Û-mÝÅ-q-ŸÛG-‚ïh-hGôÅ-GÅÞPÅ-»ôhü Xï-¼Ûm-qô-VïÅ-n¤hG-¼ÛGÅ-qÅ-„Àô-IôÅ-¤ÛG-¢ôPÅ-¾ü GÅÞPÅ-q-¾Åü n¤-hG-¾ÞP-GÛÅ-„Àô-IôÅ-¤ÛG-¢ôPÅ-¾ü üŸïÅ-GÅÞPÅ-¤ïhü ¾ÞPzOæz-‚-hP.ü Oæz-‚ïh-¼ÛGÅ-q-»Ûmü hï¼-zdïm-n¤-hG-¼ÛGÅ-qÅ-„Àô-IôÅ-¤ÛG-¢ôPÅ-¾-GÅÞPÅ-»ôhü ¾ÞP-iPÅ-bïºIÛG-mü n¤-hG-¾ÞP-GÛÅ-„Àô-IôÅ-¤ÛG-¢ôPÅ-¾ü üGÅÞP-GÛ-¼ïhü ºôm-ˆP-hï-¿e¼-GÅÞPÅ-¤ïhü ÇÀôz-hqôm-xôGÅ-JÀPhP.ü VôÅ-IGÅü >Àâ-Oæz-»z-ÆÅ-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-VôÅ-n¤Å-¼ÛGÅ-qºÛ-ÇKô-mÅ-Gbm-¾-wz-q-¾Å-¾ÞP-GÛ-fôG-mÅ-Gbm-¾wz-q-¤Ûmü hï¼-zdïm-¾ïGÅ-¢¼-hP-q×-¾ÛºÛ-VôÅ-zMãh-z¼-HÛ-Eh-q¼-Vï-ÁôÅ-mÛü ¾ïGÅ-¢¼-VôÅ-zMãh-ˆÛÅ-¼ÛGÅ-qºÛ¾¤-mÅ-GŸÛ-¾¤-ºƒÅ-GÅÞ¤-Gbm-¾-wz-ˆÛ-»ôhü q×-¾ÛºÛ-VôÅ-zMãh-PôÅ-ˆÛÅ-±ôh-hqG-‚Å-m-¾ÞP-¾-zdïm-mÅ-Oæz-ˆÛ»ôh-q-¿e-zÞ-ºhÝG P-¼P-±ôºÛ-ÇÀôz-GZï¼-h-¿e-»G-qô-ºhÝG h-hÝP-»P-¤Þ-¤fÞh-ÁÝGÅ-MG-hGôÅü hï-ÇSôm-PÅ-±¼-DÁÅ-zXôh-¥ôP-ü Eïh-¼P-±ô-zIïÅ-q-D-ÁÅ-ˆÛÅ-PïÅ-ˆÛ-»ôh-ˆÛ-¼ïhü hï-¼ÛP-GÛ-dGÅ-GÅ¾-ºhÛ-¾ÞP-¤-iPÅ-q¼-¼ÛGÅqºÛ-fôG-mÅ-GbôP-hGôÅ-ŸïÅ-zXôh-¥ôP.ü ºhÛ-È-TP-G¾-Vïm-qô-»Ûmü hï-mÅ-ºyôÅ-zÁh-zXôh-Mã¼-±ôGÅ-zT¼-z-uÛ-¾-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-ºƒï¾-z-¤ïh-ˆP.ü hGï-ºhÝm-n¤-q-hP.uÛ-»ôPÅˆÛ-fôÅ-m-»G-qô-»ôhü z¼-Ç+zÅ-PôÅ-ˆÛÅ-±m-¼ÛG-q-hP-¤Z¤-hÝ-ºƒï¾-z-‚Å-mÅ-¾ô-ÅÞ¤-Tß-¿ËG-®¤-ºIô-GÛ-»ôhü ±m¼ÛG-q-hP-¤Z¤-hÝ-Gô-zÇkÝ¼-‚ïh-Ç+zÅ-ºGô-Çeôh-hÝ-Gô-OÛG-‚ïh-¤Dm-±ôÅ-mP-VôÅ-hP-±m-¼ÛG-GÛ-Gô-zÇkÝ¼-ŸïÅ-zXôh-ˆÛºhÝG PôÅ-ˆÛÅ-hï-ºi-¤-¼ïh-TïÅ-zXôh-q-»Ûmü mP-q-ÅPÅ-MÅ-qºÛ-GŸÝP-GÛ-mP-zXôh-‚-GŸÛ-hPôÅ-qôºÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾129

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

hP-ü ¾¤-zIôh-qºÛ-¼Û¤-qü ºƒÅ-zÞ-ÇSôm-hÝ-‚-±ß¾-zTÅ-DG-GÅÞ¤-GÅÞPÅ-»ôhü GŸÛ-hPôÅ-qôºÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾-HÛÅ-„ÀPhô¼-hP-VôÅ-ˆÛ-Ç+h-V-Áôh-ˆÛ-¤ïhü hPôÅ-»ôh-GmÅ-±ß¾-GP-»Ûm-q-hï-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôh-q-hï-mÛ-mP-VôÅ-mÅ-zÁh-qºÛ-±m-¼ÛG»Ûmü ±m-¼ÛG-q-hP-¤Z¤-hÝ-Ç+h-V-Áôh-q-mÛ-mP-VôÅ-hP-zIô-JÀïP-‚ïh-q-ŸÛG-¤Ûm-q¼ü mP-VôÅ-ˆÛ-±m-¼ÛG-hP-¼ÛGGÅ¼-±m-¼ÛG-GZÛÅ-Gô-zÇkÝ¼-‚ïh-q-ŸÛG-»Ûm-ŸïÅ-zXôh-q-»Ûmü z¼-Ç+zÅ-mÅ-ÁÛ-¶-¼ï-^Û-EãG-®¤-fÞG-m-im-‚ãP.ü DÅP-IÔ-±P-¤Dm-qô-hP-hI-ºhÝ¾-¾-¤PGÅ-q-»Ûmü ÇS-¤ô-xôGÅ-JÀP-¾-V-zŸG-m-±h-¤-;Ým-zbàÅ-¤²h-q-hP.ü ÇÀôzhqôm-fôGÅ-¤ïh-¾-V-zŸG-m-¤Pôm-q-;Ým-zbàÅ-hP.ü hï-zŸÛm-fïG-q-;Ým-¾Å-zbàÅ-q-¤²h-»ôhü hï-hP-hï-ºi-z-GŸÝP¤P-qô-mÅ-zbàÅ-bï-¤²h-MãºÛ-xG-Æô¾-ŸÛG-»ôhü hï-hP-xôGÅ-¤±ßPÅ-q-P-±ôÅ-ˆP-hïP-ÅP-ÅPÅ-MÅ-qºÛ-VôÅ-ˆÛ-mP»ôh-qºÛ-±m-¼ÛG-hP.ü ¤Þ-ÇeïGÅ-qºÛ-GŸÝP-GÛ-mP-»ôh-qºÛ-±m-¼ÛG hïP-ÅP-¼ÛG-GÅ¼-HÛ-±m-¼ÛG-zTÅ-hï-hG-;Ým¾Å-zbàÅ-qºÛ-±m-¼ÛG-;Ým-zbàÅ-GTÛG-z¸ô-G¾-Vï-zºÛ-Ç+ô¼-D-ÅP-Ç+h-V-‚ãP.ü hï-zŸÛm-¿e-Iâz-;Ým-zbàÅ-GTÛG-ˆP-z¸ôhGôÅü hï-hG-mP-ÇS¼-M-G¼-¾-»ôh-qºÛ-¤Þ-ÇeïGÅ-qºÛ-¿e-Iâz-hP.ü ÅPÅ-MÅ-qºÛ-¿e-Iâzü ÅPÅ-MÅ-qºÛ-¿e-IâzmP-¾ºP-Iâz-¤fº-GôP-ºôG-GÛ-¿e-Iâz-¤Û-ºi-z-hï-±ô-VôÅ-hP-¤-ºiïÅ-q¼-uÛ-»ôPÅ-ˆÛ-¿e-Iâz-zÁh-hGôÅü zhïm-zŸÛ¿e-zÞ-»Ûm-m-w¾-Vï¼-VôÅ-hP-ºiïÅ-q-¿e-zÞ-»ôh-qÅ-¤Û-hGôÅ-q-‚Åü hï-¤Ûm-HÛ-zhïm-q-GZÛÅ-hP-ü uÛ-‚ï-ƒG-GÛ-n¤GŸG-hP-hGG-Oæz-ˆÛ-n¤-GŸG-TïÅ-q-hï-±ô-uÛ-»ôPÅ-ˆÛ-¿e-Iâz-ˆÛ-n¤-GŸG-VGÅ-»ôhü hï-zŸÛm-mÝz-xôGÅ-qºÛ-JËÛ-¼ÛGGÛ-¿e-Iâz-mP-PôÅ-ˆÛÅ-ÁïÅ-q-¿e¼-m- (Burton Russell) HÛ-¿e-Iâz-»ôh-qºÛ-Çkï-±m-GTÛG-zTÅ-ˆÛ-JÀïGÅ-z¤-GTÛGz¸ô-hGôÅü hï-ºi-‚ãP-z-»Ûm-m-hqï-V-z-±ô¼-ym-zÞ-wm-fôGÅ-»ôP-Mã-hP.ü G¾-Vï-z-ÇÀôz-IÔ-DG-hP-¤P-±ôGÅ-mPwm-fôGÅ-»ôP-GÛ-¼ïh-zÅ¤-HÛ-ºhÝG hï-hG-M-»ÛG-hP-ü h‚Ûm-»ÛG hï-zŸÛm-Ç+h-»ÛG-GŸm-zTÅ-ˆÛ-mP-hÝ-zNå¼hGôÅü hï-ºi-ŸÛG-‚ãP-z-»Ûm-m-mP-qºÛ-»Þ¾-Iâ-DG-¾-bm-bm-„Àô-Bïh-GÅ¼-q-»ôP-Mã¼-wm-fôGÅ-»ôP-Mã-»Ûmü hï-ºiºÛÇ+zÅ-ÅÞ-zzÅ-qºÛ-DÞ¼-ºGm-zôh-ˆÛ-mP-q-GTÛG-qÞ¼-ºFÛÅ-q-¾Åü mP-q-GŸm-ÅÞÅ-ˆP-‚ïh-¤Û-fÞzü hqï¼-mü ±h¤ºÛ-GŸÝP-¾-V-zŸG-m-zôh-¾-±h-¤ºÛ-GŸÝP-zôh-q-¼P-ZÛh-ˆÛÅ-hqï¼-m-Å-qa-HÛÅ-¤²h-qºÛ-±h-¤-¼ÛGÅ-Gbï¼-hPü V-q-VôÅ-ÅïP-hP-V-q-»z-ÆÅ-ˆÛÅ-±h-¤ºÛ-Ç+ô¼-Z¤Å-ŸÛz-GmP-mÅ-»¼-MÅ-Vïm-qô-zbP-z-GmP-»ôhü hï-¿e-zÞ130

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

q×-¾ÛºÛ-GŸÝP-GÛ-mP-¤ïhü ¾ïGÅ-¢¼-HÛ-GŸÝP-º²Ûm-¤Dm-G®ô-zô-M-mG-»Ûm-ˆP-M-mG-mP-±h-¤ºÛ-GŸÝP-hï-hG-zNå¼¤ïhü xôGÅ-JÀP-hP-VôÅ-IGÅ-ˆÛ-GŸÝP-GÛ-mP-mÅ-¾ï-±m-hÝ¤-zÞ-D-ÁÅ-zNå¼-»ôh-q-¾Å-GŸm-n¤Å-zNå¼-¤ïhü hzÞ¤¼-V-zŸG-m-hzÞ-¤-±ÛG-GÅ¾-M-»ÛG-mP-V-±P-zNå¼-¤ïhü xÛÅ-ÅÞ-hÝ¤-zÞ-hÝ¤-zÞ-zNå¼-»ôh-m-¾Å-GŸm-n¤Å-zNå¼¤ïhü ¾ô-GTÛG-GÛ-GôP-hÝ-PôÅ-ˆÛÅ-hzÞ-¤-±ÛG-GÅ¾-PïÅ-q¼-M-»ÛG-mP-zNå¼-hGôÅ-ŸïÅ-zXôh-q-zŸÛm-h-¿e-M-»ÛG-mPzNå¼-ºGô-z¯¤Å-»ôhü hï-±ô-mÛ-P-±ô-zôh-qºÛ-¾Å-ºGm-VGÅ-»ôh-¾-zôh-q-GTÛG-qÞºÛ-hôm-»P-¤Ûmü º²¤-zÞ-JÀÛP-ºhÛºÛÇeïP-ÅPÅ-MÅ-ˆÛ-zÇem-q-uÛºÛ-ŸzÅ-ºhïGÅ-fh-hï-hG-G¾-Vïm-qô-¤fôP-GÛ-ºhÝG hï¼-zdïm-hÝÅ-¼zÅ-Zï¼-GTÛG-qºÛmP-q-ŸÛG-‚ïh-q¼-hï-hG-V-±P-ÁïÅ-q-‚ïh-hGôÅü º²¤-zÞ-JÀÛP-¼Û¾-¼Û¾-»Ûm-hP-¾ïz-¾ïz-»Ûmü ¼Û-M¾-»ôh-¤ïh-GP»Ûm-»P-Eh-q¼-¤ïhü zhïm-q-GZÛÅ-hP-zhïm-q-GZÛÅ-¾-zdïm-qºÛ-zhïm-q-zŸÛ-qô-hï-hG-mÛ-D-»ôh-¾G-»ôh-hP-¤ÛG-¤fôP¾G-¸Ûm-HÛ-Ç+h-V-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü zhïm-zŸÛ-zhïm-GZÛÅ-ˆÛ-n¤-GŸG-»G-qô-ÁïÅ-¤Dm-¤Û-GTÛG-GÛÅ-BzÅ-GÅÞ¤-¾-±h-¤ÅPïÅ-q-½‰ïh-q-ŸÛG-»Ûm-mü º²¤-JÀÛP-GÛ-z¸ô-¿e-GP-ºi-»Ûm-¤Ûm-¾-Eh-q¼-GP-»P-¤ïhü P-±ô¼-h-¿e-D-»ôh-¾G-»ôhº‚ãP-z-¿S-¾Å-º²¤-zÞ-JÀÛP-ºhÛ-VGÅ-±ß¾-hP.ü xÛºÛ-º‚ãP-z-¿S-hP-mP-GÛ-º‚ãP-z-¿S-GÅÞPÅ-»ôh-q-hï-hG-V-±P-ÁïÅq-»Ûm-mü Åï¤Å-mP-¾-h¤-zTº-zdm-qô-hP-»Ûh-VïÅ-zdm-qô-»ôP-z-¾Å-fï-±ô¤-Bï-GŸÛ-¤ïhü hï¼-zdïmü n¤-hG¼ÛGÅ-qÅ-„Àô-IôÅ-¤ÛG-¢ôPÅ-¾ü üŸïÅ-q-hï-»Ûmü wÅ-ˆÛ-Lô¾-z-GP-ºi-ŸÛG-fÞG-q-»Ûm-mºP-ü wÅ-ˆÛ-Lô¾-zÅ-zBôhq¼-¤Û-mÝÅ-qºÛü üzÇem-qºÛ-Gmh-¾-PïÅ-q-zdm-qô-±ô¾ü üŸïÅ-q-hï-G®ô-zô-Eïh-¼P-±ôºÛ-¾Å-ºGm-»Ûmü hï-mÅ-¤P-G®ôºÛ-Ç+ô¼-P-¼P-ÇKï¼-¾-V-zŸG-m-fôG-¤¼-zôh-¾-»ôh-Ç+zÅ-hï-hÝÅ-ˆÛ-ºIô-ÇePÅ-ÁÛG-»ôh-q-hï-mÛ-M¾qôºÛ-hzP-º²Ûm-¿e-zÞ-hP-ü hïºÛ-ºôG-GŸÝP-ŸzÅ-±ôÅ-hzP-V-z¸ÞP.zü iP-qô-hï-®¤-¤ïh-q-PôÅ-¼P-VßP-VßP-Ç+zÅ¤P-qô-Gô-¥ôP.ü hï-hÝÅ-PôÅ-¾-Ç+h-V-Áôh-¤Dm-hP-±GÅ-q¼-¿e-zÞ-mÛ-Gh-q-±ô-¼ïhü Gh-q-±ôÅ-Ç+Ý-iG-Vï-Gï-¤ô-ŸÛG-GÛÅMã-hPôÅ-z¸Å-q-¼ïhü Ç+Ý-iG-Vï-Gï-¤ô-ŸÛG-GÛÅ-iP-qô-¤-‚Å-q-¼ïh-¸ï¼-z-PÅ-dG-q¼-fôÅ-ˆÛ-»ôhü hï-zŸÛm-º²¤-JÀÛPxÛºÛ-¤P-G®ôºÛ-ºIô-ÇePÅ-ym-zÞ-fôÅ-Ç+zÅ-¤P-G®ô-¸ï¼-z-hï-hPôÅ-mÅ-»P-hG-q-¼ïh-zÅ¤Å-mÅ-hï-ÇSºÛ-P-±ôºÛ-F¾-ºÞ¾G-HÛ-ºIô-ÇePÅ-hï-±ô¼-zNå¼-zTôÅ-GbôP-Vïh-xÛ-¾ô- 1952 ¾ô¼-¾ïGÅ-zTôÅ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-ÁÛG-z®ßGÅ-q-»Ûmü ºôm-ˆP131

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

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zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

xÛ-¾ô- 1973 ¾ô¼-»Þ-¼ôz-bà-fôG-¤¼-zBôh-Ç+zÅ-mÅ- (Global Responsibility) º²¤-JÀÛP-uÛºÛ-ºGm-ºDÞ¼-ŸïÅqºÛ-zÅ¤-„Àô-ºDô¼-z-¿e¼-hï-Ç+ô¼-Ç+h-V-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü hï-hG-mÛ-fïG-Vïm-HÛ-VôÅ-mÅ-GÅÞPÅ-q-¿e¼-»Ûmü P-±ôÅ-Åï¤ÅTm-f¤Å-Th-TïÅ-zXôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü ÇSôm-¾-º²¤-JÀÛP-GŸm-hP-ºƒï¾-z-¤ïh-mºP-º²¤-JÀÛP-ÉÛ¾-qô-ºhÛºÛ-ÇeïP-»ôh-qºÛÆôG-VGÅ-f¤Å-Th-¾-zlz-GÅÛG-hP-ÇkÝG-zÇS¾-ZÝP-®¤-¾Å-¤Û-»ôP-z-P-±ô-¤ÛÅ-zÅ¤-„Àô-GbôP-fÞz-m-bm-bm-ÆôG-VGÅ¤P-qô¼-zlz-GÅÛG-ZÝP-hÝ-ºIô-Mã-»Ûmü ÆôG-VGÅ-GŸm-¾-ÆôG-VGÅ-ˆÛ-ºhÝ-ÁïÅ-¤-zŸG-q¼-zlz-GÅÛG-Vïm-qô-GbôPGÛ-ºhÝG hqï¼-mü ºhÛºÛ-G»Å-G»ôm-¾-‚-GÅô-DP-GP-ºi-¤Û-ºhÝG-G¤ü P-±ô-zôh-qºÛ-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-mP-‚-GÅô-DPº²âGÅ-Mã-¤ïh-TïÅ-zXôh-hGôÅ-hôm-mÛ-‚-hï-hï-hG-¾ºP-ÆôG-»ôh-q-P-±ô-hP-GTÛG-q-»Ûmü zhï-z-ºhôh-q-hP-ÇkÝG-zÇS¾¤Ûºhôh-qü ¼P-GÛ-ÆôG-¾-GTïÅ-q-GTÛG-q-»Ûmü P-±ôÅ-hï-hG-¾-¾G-¯ïh-¯ïÅ-bï-hï-¿e¼-zŸG-hÝÅ-Åï¤Å-ÈP-TP-Bô-qô‚ãP-ü hï-hÝÅ-Ç~ï¾-;ôz-bà-PÅ-Eïh-±ô¼-hq¾-º‚ô¼-fh-G¾-Vïm-qô-VGÅ-»ôh-m-P-¾-zXôh-Mã-GP-»P-¤ïhü hï-¤Ûm-hq¾º‚ô¼-fh-G¾-Vïm-qô-hï-®¤-¤ïh-m-‚-GÅô-DP-GZï¼-Mã-¤ïh-TïÅ-zXôh-q-»Ûmü EÛ¤-¤±ïÅ-±ô-¾-¿eôÅ-hP-‚-GÅô-DP-hPZ-GÅô-DP-zÁÅ-¼-zTÅ-hï-±ô-GP-ºi-ºhÝG ¤ÛºÛ-zÅ¤-„ÀôºÛ-mP-Åï¤Å-¿km-GŸm-±ô-¾-ÆôG-»ôh-q-¼ïh-Ç‰¤-qºÛ-z¯ï-z¤ïh-q¼-¸Å-ˆÛ-ºhÝ-ÁïÅ-zŸG-qü hqï¼-mü M-mG-¾-GTÛG-¿eôÅ-hP-GÅ¾-qô-»ôhü ¤ÛºÛ-Åï¤Å-mP-z¯ï-Åï¤Å-ÁÛGÇÀïzÅ-m-ÆôG-VGÅ-¤P-qô¼-zlz-GÅÛG-bm-bm-ZÝP-hÝ-ºIô-Mã-»Ûmü P-±ô-zôh-q¼-V-zŸG-m-zôh-GPÅ-Tm-¿YôPÅ-¾-hïÇS-¼Û-M-½ÀâP-M-zÇk¤Å-mÅü Z-º²Ûm-VôG-GÛ-¤ïhü ºôm-ˆP-»¼-ºƒôG-q-±ô-¾-Z-º²Ûm-MãºÛ-VôG-¤Vm-»ôh-Ç+ô¼-zXôhˆÛ-ºhÝG hï-mÛ-»¼-ºƒôG-q-±ô-Z-¾-zdïm-mÅ-º±ô-z-Bï¾-HÛ-»ôh-qÅ-Z-z¸ÞP-¤-VôG-m-Dô-±ô¼-º±ô-dïm-¤ïh-qÅ-h¤ÛGÅzÅ¾-zbP-»ôhü »P-hqï¼-mü ¤±ô-ºGº-ÁÅ-¾-h‚¼-;-PP-q-¤P-qô-»ôP-Çeï-ÇKô-P-GbôP-GÛ-»ôh-q-hïºÛ-¼ÛP-¾-ÇKô-PÆâP-¤Dm-µôP-GÛÅ-¤Û-ŸÛG-Vïh-º²âGÅ-ˆÛÅ-¤Û-hï¼-wôGÅ-vôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü P-±ô-zôh-qºÛ-¼Û-M-½ÀâP-M-zÇk¤Å-qºÛ-Æô¾-hï-±ôÈ-TP-»G-qô-¼ïh-ºhÝG zôh-qÅ-Á-¸-GÛ-»ôh-ˆP.ü uÛ-»ôPÅ-ˆÛ-V-mÅ-GP-fÞz-ÆôG-GTôh-ÇtôP-hGôÅ-q-hï-mÛ-P-±ôÅ-ºyôhzÇeïm-hP-ü Dô¼-»ÞG-GÛ-Ç+ô¼-mÅ-zÁh-q-¤Ûm-q¼ü z¯ï-z-ŸïÅ-q-G¾-Vïm-qô-»Ûm-qºÛ-ÇKô-mÅ-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü º²¤-JÀÛPºhÛºÛ-ÇeïP-z¯ï-zÅ-wôPÅ-mÅ-½‰ôG-i-¤P-qô-»ôP-GÛ-»ôhü hï-ºi-»Ûm-hÝÅ-z¯ï-z-»¼-MÅ-GbôP-hGôÅ-qºÛ-Ç+ô¼-PôÅ-ˆÛÅ133

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

GP-Å¼-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü ¤Û-¤P-qôÅ-hGº-¤ôÅ-‚ïh-ˆÛ-ºhÝG-¾ü hï-¼ÛP-D-ÅP-±m-¼ÛG-q-±ôÅ-ˆP-Mz-Bô¼-ÁÝGÅ-Vïm-qô‚ïh-ˆÛ-ºhÝG ¤ÛºÛ-»-¼zÅ-z¸P-uôh-GôP-ºwï¾-GbôP-fzÅ-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»ôhü hï-mÅ-¼Û¤-q-GZÛÅ-q-VôÅ-¾ÞGÅ-DG-¤fÞm-OÛ¾-»ôP-fzÅ-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»ôhü PôÅ-¼P-mP-q-»Ûmü hôm-zŸÛm-G¸ÛGÅmÅ-¾ïGÅ-GÅÞPÅ-qü üEôh-ˆÛ-XïÅ-ÅÞ-ÇÀôz-q-¾ü üLÝh-q-f¤Å-Th-¼ÛP-hÝ-Hã¼ü üZïÅ-;Ým-¯-z-¿kôG-xÛ¼-¼ôü üEôh-ˆÛzÇem-¾Å-xÛ¼-xôGÅ-qÅü ü»Þm-¼ÛP-P¾-z-zÇeïm-‚Å-ˆP.ü üxÛ-xÛ¼-Bôm-n¤Å-zôÅ-q-zŸÛmü üzhG-bà-¿e-z-zdm-xÛ¼¼ôü üŸïÅ-GÅÞPÅ-q-Mã-¤±m-¿km-q-»Ûm-qÅ-hï-¾-»Ûh-VïÅ-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»ôhü hï-¤Ûm-º²¤-JÀÛP-ºhÛºÛ-ÇeïP-GÛ-VôÅ-zMãh-±P¤Å-¤Û-¾-wm-HÛ-»ôhü hqï¼-mü zTô¤-¿km-ºhÅ-ˆÛÅ-‚ï-ƒG-¬-z-DG-GTÛG-¾-VôÅ-ˆÛ-zhG-¤ïh-GÅÞPÅ-¤ïhü VôÅzhïm-Iâz-GÅÞPÅ-»ôhü VôÅ-¼P-GÛ-¤±m-ZÛh-ˆÛÅ-Iâz-q-GÅÞPÅ-q-hï-ºIÛG-q-»Ûm-¾ü »P-GP-¸G-zhG-¤ïh-GÅÞPÅmÅ-„Àô-ºhÝ¾-z-hï-»P-ºIÛG-q-»Ûmü hï-¾Å-¿ËG-qºÛ-zÅ¤-„Àô-GbôP-fÞz-ˆÛ-¤ïhü hï-ºi-»Ûm-hÝÅ-º²¤-JÀÛP-ºhÛºÛ-fôGGÛ-»ï-ÁÝ-hP.ü D-Vïü WÛºÞü ÈÛm-hÝ-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-VôÅ-q-GP-ºi-ŸÛG-»Ûm-mºP-Åô-ÅôºÛ-VôÅ-¾ÞGÅ-mÅ-GÅÞPÅ-q-hï-¾-zÅ¤q-n¤-hG-GÛÅ-Z¤Å-¾ïm-‚ïh-¤Dm-hï-±ô-¤Û-ºi-z-ŸÛG-ºhÝG hPôÅ-GmÅ-¤Û-¾-z¯ï-z-‚ïh-Mã-hP.ü ¤Û-¾-ŸzÅ-ºhïGÅzOæz-Mãü Ç+zÅ-¼ï-P-±ô-¾Å-¿ËG-qºÛ-ºhôh-VßP-VôG-ÁïÅ-‚Å-mÅ-Çkôh-ˆÛ-ºhÝG P-±ôºÛ-hGôm-q-IÔ-±P-mP-hGï-yâG-GPº±¤Å-ÇÀïzÅ-q-hP.ü ¤Dm-qôºÛ-¤ÛP-ŸÛG-fôGÅ-hÝÅ-„À-ƒP-z®ßGÅü DP-q-»G-qô-ŸÛG-zMzü hïºÛ-mP-º²Ûm-VÅ»G-fG-Vôh-zOÛGÅ-mÅ-Çkôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü »ï-ÁÝºÛ-IÔ-q-±ô-È-TP-Bô-qô-‚Å-mÅ-Çkôh-q-hP.ü uÛ-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-ŸzÅ-ºhïGÅ-zOæzMã-P-±ô-¾Å-¿ËG-q-¤ïh-mºP-Ÿm-q-¤ïhü hïÅ-¤Û-¾-wm-HÛ-»ôhü ¿e-zºÛ-V-mÅ-Vh-¿e-hP-dG-¿e-»Ûm-q-hï-mÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾f-hh-»Ûmü uôh-qºÛ-V-mÅ-GŸm-wm-HÛ-‚-z-hï-È-¾Å-hGôÅ-q-Oæz-ˆÛ-»ôhü Mã-¤±m-hï-hG-¾-zdïm-mÅ-z¯Û-z;Ý¼-‚ïhºôÅ-q-hï-mÛ-PôÅ-ˆÛÅ-zÅ¤-q-n¤-hG-GÛÅ-zXôh-q-¾Å-µâm-hP-vï¾-¾h-zÁh-q-¤Ûmü hï-¾-zdïm-mÅ-VôÅ-q-¤P-qô-hPIôGÅ-qô-VGÅ-bï-DôP-±ôÅ-È-TP-hGº-qô-‚ïh-ˆÛ-ºhÝG »ï-ÁÝºÛ-VôÅ-q-¤P-qôÅ-PôÅ-»ï-ÁÝºÛ-VôÅ-q-¼ïh-TïÅ-zXôh-q-hP.ü D-VïºÛ-VôÅ-q-¤P-qôÅ-ˆP-D-VïºÛ-VôÅ-q-¼ïh-TïÅ-zXôh-ˆÛ-ºhÝG ¤-GŸÛ-PôÅ-mÅ-D-VïºÛ-¿Ë-DP-hÝ-ºIô-Ç+zÅ-D-VïºÛ-ŸÐ¤ô-h;¼-qô-Hôm-q-hP.ü WÛºÞ-GÛ-¿Ë-DP-hÝ-ºIô-Ç+zÅ-DôP-±ôºÛ-ŸÐ-¤ô-h¤¼-qô-Hôm-HÛ-»ôhü P-¾-Eh-q¼-¤ïhü zÅ¤-q134

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n¤-hG-»Ûmü VôÅ-zMãh-DG-¤fÞm-OÛ¾-»ôP-fzÅ-ÅÞ-PÅ-hï-¿e¼-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»ôhü ¾Å-;-hï-GZÛÅ-hGº-¿km-FÛ-q-hP-z;º„Àôm-FÛ-q-GZÛÅ-ˆÛÅ-GmP-¤Û-fÞzü PÅ-‚ïh-fÞz-ˆÛ-»ôhü PÅ-‚ïh-fÞz-q-n¤Å-P-¼P-GÛ-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-HÛ-ºGm-»Ûmü »Pz®m-‚ô¾-GŸÝP-GÛ-OÛG-º²âGÅ-ÁÛG-»ôh-q-ºhÛ-hP.ü z®m-‚ô¾-uÛ-±ôGÅ-»¼-MÅ-GbôP-MãºÛ-¾Å-;-hï-¼ÛGÅ-Eïh-¼P±ôÅ-P-¾Å-¿ËG-q-‚ïh-fÞzü hï¼-zdïm-ºhÅ-qºÛ-¾ô-ÅÞ¤-TßºÛ-GôP-Eïh-±ôÅ-P-¤ïh-q-¿e¼-HÛ-¾Å-;-‚ïh-hGôÅ-ŸïÅ-PÅzXôh-»ôhü P-xïh-LÅ-»ô¾-»Ûm-ŸïÅ-zXôh-qºÛ-hGôÅ-hôm-ºhÛ-»Ûmü Eïh-±ôÅ-P-¾-hï-¿e¼-»ôP-¤Ûm-ŸïÅ-zÁh-q¼-hGôÅq-TP-¤ïhü P-¼P-º²¤-JÀÛP-ºhÛºÛ-ÇeïP-¤Û-hÝP-xã¼-zhÝm-Tß-¤-¸Ûm-®¤-»ôh-qºÛ-mP-GÛ-¤Û-GTÛG-»Ûmü P-¾-ºIô-z-¤ÛºÛfôz-fP-»ôhü PÅ-zÅ¤-q-n¤-hG-GÛÅ-xïh-LÅ-»ô¾-»Ûm-ŸïÅ-zXôh-q-¿e¼-z®m-‚ô¾-GŸÝP-GÛ-¾Å-;-G¾-Vï-z-±P-¤z;º-„Àôm-FÛ-qÅ-fG-GTôh-ˆÛ-»ôh-q-¾Åü PÅ-z;º-„Àôm-FÛ-qºÛ-Mz-mÅ-GÅP-fG-ºfïm-q-¯-z-mÅ-¤ïhü Ç+zÅ-¼ï¾Å-;-¼ÛGÅ-ºGº-ÁÅ-¾-PôÅ-ˆÛ-zÅ¤-±ß¾-»ôh-mºP.ü z;º-„Àôm-FÛ-qÅ-xôGÅ-GŸm-ŸÛG-mÅ-Mã-¤±m-G¸ÛGÅ-bï-zÅ¤±ß¾-¤Û-¤fÞm-q-»ôP-Ç+zÅ-z;º-„Àôm-FÛ-q-¼P-GÛÅ-fG-GTôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü »Ûm-mºP-¤P-Vï-z-PôÅ-ˆÛ-zÅ¤-±ß¾-fôG-ºIô-GÛ»ôhü „À-¤-hP-ÇÀôz-¤ºÛ-h¤-±ÛG-»ôh-hÝÅ-ÍÞ-±ßGÅ-ym-zÞ-MG-Å-»ôhü xïh-LÅ-»ô¾-¸ï¼-z-ºhÛ-zÅ¤-q-n¤-hG-hPD-Ÿï-GZÛÅ-¤ïh-ˆÛÅ-hGôÅ-q-Mã-¤±m-fôG-mÅ-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü uÛ-ºfÞÅ-±ôGÅ-G®ô-qj¨-º‚ãP-GmÅ-ˆÛ-Ç+zÅ-xÛ-M¾-HÛ-ÆÛhº²Ûm-¾¤-¾ÞGÅ-¿e¼-»ÛG-V-G¾-Vï-DG-¾-PôÅ-mÅ-Å-»ÛG-MG-Mã-hï-¤Û-hGôÅ-q-‚Å-m-»G-qô-»ôh-Ç+ô¼-zXôh-q-»Ûmü Ç+zÅhï¼-FÛ¤Å-ŸÛz-q-n¤-M¾-±ï-¼ÛP-»ôhü Eïh-¼P-±ô-¤Û-GÅÞ¤-hP-fÞG-mÅ-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-±ôGÅ-Mã-hP-Iô¾-Mã-hï-±ô¼-PôÅ-ˆÛÅÅ-»ÛG-M-GÛ-»ôhü hï-zŸÛm-»ÛG-V-zNå¼-zTôÅ-xÛm-q-hï-±ô¼-PôÅ-ˆÛ-Å-»ÛG-MG-GÛ-»ôhü hï-zŸÛm-hôm-GTôh-G¾-Vï-zDG-¾-PôÅ-ˆÛÅ-Å-»ÛG-MG-GÛ-»ôh-q-hï-hG-¤Û-hGôÅ-q-‚-MãºÛ-Ç+ô¼-zXôh-q-hP.ü hï-±ôºÛ-¼ÛGÅ-FÛ¤Å-ŸÛz-q-hP-z;º„Àôm-FÛ-q-GZÛÅ-ÅÞÅ-‚Å-m-hGº-¤Ûm-¿e-hGôÅ-±ß¾-zXôh-q-»Ûmü Ç+zÅ-hï¼-DôP-±ô-GÅÞ¤-HÛÅ-hï-ºi-‚Å-m-zôh-mP-GÛzôh-¤Û-±ô-„Àô-w¤-hP-Åï¤Å-ÁÝGÅ-VG-q-ºi-‚ãP-m-»G-qô-¤ïh-Ç+ô¼-zXôh-‚ãP.ü PÅ-hï-ºi-»Ûm-m-ºIÛG-GÛ-¼ïh-TïÅ-zXôhq-zŸÛm-¾ô-ºGº-ÁÅ-hï-ºi-‚Å-mÅ-xÛm-q-¼ïhü 135

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

h-V-¼Û¤-qÅ-xïh-LÅ-»ô¾-ºhÛ-LÅ-»ô¾-V-±P-ŸÝ-MãºÛ-zÅ¤-„Àô-GbôP-GÛ-»ôhü PôÅ-mÅ-dG-q¼-P-¾-ºGm-ºDÞ¼GÅÞ¤-»ôh-zXôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü ºGm-ºDÞ¼-hP-qô-hP-GZÛÅ-q-mÛ-º±ï-¤ïh-ŸÛ-zºÛ-¿e-uôh-»¼-MÅ-GbôP-Mã-hP.ü hï-hP-ºƒï¾zºÛ-Ç‰ÛP-Xï-»¼-MÅ-GbôP-Mã-hï-hG-P-¤-ºVÛ-z¼-‚ïh-Mã-hP.ü hï-zŸÛm-VôÅ-¾ÞGÅ-DG-¤fÞm-OÛ¾-»ôP-fzÅ-‚-Mã-hï-»PP-¤-ºVÛ-z¼-hÝ-‚ïh-Mã-»Ûmü P-±ô-zôh-ˆÛ-ºfz-¯ôh-ºhÛ-±h-»ôh-q-ŸÛG-»Ûm-q-hP.ü ZÛ-¤-GTÛG-P-LÅ-»ô¾-V-±P-‚ïhMãºÛ-hÝÅ-±ôh-TÛG-ÇÀïzÅ-Mã-»Ûmü G¾-ÆÛh-P-±ô-GŸÛÅ-‚ïÅ-¤Z¤-º²ô¤Å-‚ãP-m-PôÅ-ˆÛ-ºGm-G®P-¤-ºWôG-Mã-¾Å-h¤ÛGÅzÅ¾-¤ÛP-ºEï¼-mÅ-¾Å-;-‚-Mã-¤Ûmü hï-mÛ-xÛ-¾ô- 1992 ¾ô¼-PÅ-GÅ¾-qô-zXôh-»ôhü hPôÅ-GmÅ-z;º-Gh¤Å-ˆÛ„À-¤-GôP-¤-n¤Å-ˆÛ-GÅÞP-OôÅ-mP-¼Û-hÐGÅ-©Å-¤-zŸÛm-hÝ-Çkôh-TïÅ-GÅÞPÅ-q-zŸÛm-hï-¿e¼-Çkôh-ºhôh-»ôhü Eïh-¼P±ôÅ-xïh-LÅ-»ô¾-ŸïÅ-q-ºhÛ-ºIÛG-GÛ-¤Û-ºhÝG-TïÅ-zXôh-ˆP.ü PºÛ-PôÅ-mÅ-¼P-GÛ-fôz-fP-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü ºhÛ¼-PÅEïh-¼P-±ô¼-Ç+h-V-ŸÛG-ºiÛ-Mã¼-P-¾-ºIô-¤ÛºÛ-fôz-fP-»ôh-h¤-¤ïhü TïÅ-q-ºhÛ-»Ûmü hï¼-Gô-mô¼-fïzÅ-¤Û-Zmü PÅï¤Å-ÁÝGÅ-VG-mÅ-zXôh-q-¤Ûm-q¼-hGôÅ-q-Mã-¤±m-ŸÛG-¾-zdïm-mÅ-zXôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü GP-¿e¼-P-h-¿e-¾ô- 76 ¾ÇÀïzÅ-¸Ûm-q-hP.ü h-mÅ-¾ô-zTß-xÛm-m-¾ô- 86 ¾-zÇÀïz-Mã-hP.ü h-hÝP-¾ô-zTß-xÛm-m-¾ô- 96 ¾-zÇÀïz-Mã-»Ûmü Eïh¼P-±ôÅ-hGôPÅ-q-GmP-¼ÞP-¤-GmP-¼ÞP-P-ºIô-Mã-¼ïhü h-¿e-mÅ-zP-zOÛGÅ-bï-&M¾-z-¼Ûm-qô-Vï-»ôh-¤ïh-¾-¤-¿eôÅq¼-P-±ô¼-¤P-G®ôºÛ-¾¤-Æô¾-HÛ-OÛG-º²âGÅ-ÁÛG-»ôh-q-ºhÛÅ-ºGm-V-±P-EôGÅ-q-‚Å-m-P-»ôh-¤ïh-¾-Eh-q¼-¤ïhü h-¿e-w-¼ô¾-M-xôGÅ-mÅ-bØ-¾ºÛ-„À-¤-ºVÛ-GÛ-¼ïhü bØ-¾ºÛ-„À-¤-LÅ-ºDôGÅ-¼ïh-TïÅ-bØ-¾ºÛ-„À-¤-ÁÛ-ÇKÝG-zMz-Çeï-zÇkh»ôhü ¤Û-±ôÅ-D-GÅPÅ-mÅ-hï-¿e¼-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôh-hÝÅ-P-±ô-ºhÛ-xôGÅ-mÅ-&M¾-z-¼Ûm-qô-Vï-»ôh-¤ïh-Eh-q¼-¤ïh-qºÛ-ÆfG-fG-‚Å-bï-zÇkh-m-Dô-±ôÅ-P-ÁÛ-ÇKÝG-zMz-Çeï-Çkôh-ˆÛ-¤-¼ïhü hï-n¤Å-¤P-G®ôºÛ-Ç+ô¼-»Ûmü hï-mÅ-hïP-ÅP-z;º-„Àôm-FÛ-q-‚ïh-ˆÛ-¤Ûm-ŸïÅ-hGôPÅ-q-ŸÝ-¤Dm-hP.ü z;º-„Àôm-FÛ-q-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»Ûm-ŸïÅ-fôm-»ôP¤Dm-»ôh-q-ÅôGÅ-hï-Ç+ô¼-¤P-±ôGÅ-mP-Ç+h-V-¤P-qô-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôh-q-È-TP-»G-qô-¼ïhü ±P-¤Å-zÅ¤-„Àô-»G-qô-zbP.ü ¤Û-¾ºP-Ç+h-V-iÛÅü zdG-hrh-»G-qô-‚ïh-hGôÅü GP-¿e¼-¤P-¤ôÅ-ºôÅ-ºhï¤Å-‚Å-qºÛ-¤Û-ŸÛG-fôm-»ôP-hGôÅ-hÝÅÈ-TP-G¾-Vïm-qô-»Ûmü ¿ËG-q¼-hÝÅ-±ôh-ˆÛ-PôÅ-mÅ-zÁh-m-P-¼P-¾ô-LÅ-ºIô-GÛ-»ôhü hï¼-zdïm-¾Å-ºGm-Vïm-qô-VGÅ136

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

ˆÛ-»ôhü Eïh-¼P-±ôÅ-G¸z-G¸z-‚Å-mÅ-z;º-„Àôm-FÛ-q-ºhï¤Å-Mã-È-TP-G¾-Vïm-qô-»Ûmü ¤Û-ºhÛ-¾-&M¾-z-¼Ûm-qôVïÅ-Mz-Bô¼-»ôh-q-hP.ü ¤Û-ºhÛ-¾-&M¾-z-¼Ûm-qô-VïÅ-Mz-Bô¼-¤ïh-q-¼ïh-TïÅ-D-ÁÅ-ˆÛÅ-DÞG-ˆôG-bà-Ç+h-V-hï-ºiÁôh-ˆÛ-»ôh-ºhÝG P-mÛ-ÅÞ-GTÛG-¾-Mz-Bô¼-¤ïh-¾ü ¤Û-ºhÛ-ºôÅ-ˆÛ-¼ïh-hP-¤Û-ºhÛ-ºôÅ-ˆÛ-¤-¼ïh-TïÅ-PÅ-±ÛG-GTÛG-zÁh¤ïhü hï-mÛ-¤Û-¤P-GÛ-fG-GTôh-‚ïh-Mã-ŸÛG-»Ûm-q-¾Åü PÅ-ºhÛ-ºôÅ-ˆÛ-¼ïh-TïÅ-zXôh-q-»Ûm-m-¤Û-¤P-qô-ŸÛG-GÛÅ-»P&M¾-z-¼Ûm-qô-VïºÛ-»ï-ÁïÅ-h‚ÛPÅ-hrh-¸ï¼-z-hïºÛ-fôG-ºIô-ÆÛh-q-hï-mÛ-»G-qô-¤Û-ºhÝG Eïh-¼P-±ô-¼P-GÛÅ-zÅ¤-„ÀôGbôP-hGôÅü ¤Û-ÅÞ-ºi-ŸÛG-»Ûm-»P-P-±ô-z®m-‚ô¾-M-VïºÛ-¤Û-¤P-GÛ-»Ûh-VïÅ-»ôh-qºÛ-¤Û-ŸÛG-ÇÀïzÅ-ÅôP-m-hï-¾-PÅ-»ÛhVïÅ-‚ïh-VôG-q-hP.ü ºIÛG-¤-ºIÛG-¾-Gô-zÇSæ¼-‚ïh-VôG h-¿e-Eïh-¼P-±ôÅ-hô-ÇoP-Vïm-qô-‚ïh-q-È-TP-»G-qô-¼ïhü hïzŸÛm-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-ºôÅ-ºhï¤Å-‚ïh-Mã¼-»P-±P-¤Å-G¸z-G¸z-‚ïh-hGôÅü ¾ÞP-±m-hP-VôÅ-¾ÞGÅ-ˆÛ-xôGÅ-Ÿïm-¯-z-mÅ‚ïh-Mã-¤ïh-TïÅ-PÅ-ÇSôm-¤-mÅ-fïPÅ-¤P-qô-zXôh-»ôhü z¼-Ç+zÅ-ŸzÅ-ºiïm-HÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾-ym-zÞ-‚ãP-z-hï-±ô-M-xôGÅmÅ-zïh-uôh-GP-ºi-‚Å-¤-ÅôP-P¤ü hï¼-zdïm-G¸z-G¸z-¤-‚Å-m-hI-hGº-Zïm-ÇkÝG-¸ï¼-z-hï-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»ôh-qÅü Eïh¼P-±ôÅ-G¸z-G¸z-‚ïh-hGôÅü hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-HÛ-Ç+ô¼-¾-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-GP-»P-zÁh-Mã-¤ïhü GP-¿e¼-&M¾-z-¼Ûm-qô-VïºÛ-»ï-ÁïÅ-h‚ÛPÅ-hrh¸ï¼-z-hï-¤Û-hGôÅ-q-ŸÛG-»Ûmü hï-ÇS-hô¾-M¾-z;G-ºGôG-‚ïh-Ç+zÅ-l-¼¤-Å-¾ºÛºhÛ-G¼-VôÅ-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-ŸÛG±ôGÅ-bï-¤Dm-qô-ÅôGÅ-±ôGÅ-zŸÝGÅ-n¤Å-ˆÛÅ-ZÛm-ÁÅ-Gô-zÇkÝ¼-GmP-GÛ-ºhÝG P-¼P-»ÛG-±P-mÅ-»¼-¾ôG-Ç+zÅDôP-±ô-Gô-zÇkÝ¼-GmP-mÅ-zŸÝGÅ-ºhÝG-qÅ-PÅ-hï¼-ÅôP-Çeï-ŸzÅ-ÇeïGÅ-GTÛG-GÛ-fôG-¾-zÇkh-mÅ-P-¾-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾Ç+h-V-Áôh-Mã-¤ïh-¼ÞP.ü Eïh-¼P-±ôÅ-z;º-¤ô¾-GmP-z-Zm-ºhôh-‚ãP-ŸïÅ-ŸÝÅ-q-»Ûmü hï-hÝÅ-DôP-±ô-DG-GTÛG-GÛÅhô¾-M¾-Ç+ô¼-ºhÛ-¿e¼-zXôh-ˆÛ-ºhÝG- &M¾-z-¼Ûm-qô-VïºÛ-z;º-¾-z¯Û-GÛ-¤Û-ºhÝG-TïÅ-È-TP-mm-qô-GÅÞPÅ-ÅôP-ü hï¼zdïm-P-¼P-z;º-¤ô¾-ŸÝ-ºhôh-‚ãP.ü P-¾-Ç+h-V-ŸÛG-zÁh-Mã-»ôh-TïÅ-zXôh-mÅ-hô¾-M¾-HÛ-Ç+ô¼-ºhÛ-&M¾-z-¼Ûm-qôVïºÛ-z;º-¼ïh-TïÅ-zXôh-Mã-ŸÛG-¤Ûmü PôÅ-ˆÛÅ-h¤-iG-‚ïh-hGôÅ-hïôm-G-¼ï-»Ûm-q-hï-¾-zÅ¤-„Àô-GbôP-hGôÅ-q-¾Å-&M¾z-¼Ûm-qô-VïºÛ-z;º-¼ïh-TïÅ-zXôh-Mã-ŸÛG-¤Ûmü ŸïÅ-zXôh-q-»Ûmü hï-¿e¼-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-ŸïÅ-q-ºhÛ-»P-&M¾-z-¼Ûm-qô137

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

VïºÛ-»ï-ÁïÅ-h‚ÛPÅ-hrh-hP-z;º-¼ïh-TïÅ-zXôh-Mã-ŸÛG-¤Ûmü P-±ôÅ-h-¿e-z¼-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-xôGÅ-z¸ÞP-z¼-Iâz-ºƒÅG-¼ï-fôm-ºhÝG-hP-hïºÛ-fôG-¤ºÛ-hGôÅ-q-Mã-¤±m-GP-¼ïhü hGôÅ-q-Mã-¤±m-hP-ºƒï¾-bï-xÛ-¾ô- 1974 ¾ô-mÅ-z¸ÞP»ôPÅ-IGÅ-ˆÛ-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-ºhÛ-GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-fôG-mÅ-Gbm-ºDï¾-z-hP.ü Gbm-ºDï¾-z-¿e¼-hÝÅ-hï-mÅ-h-¿e-z¼-hÝ-P±ôÅ-¼P-z®m-¯ôh-ˆÛ-¤ïhü =âP-ÈÑ-¤Û-¤Û-h¤PÅ-uÛ-¤fÞm-M¾-Dz-ˆÛ-mP-¾-Çkôh-ˆÛ-»Ûmü P-±ôÅ-hï-ÇS-IôÅ-¤fÞm-zŸG»ôh-¾ü P-±ô¼-¼P-BôP-GÛ-fôz-fP-V-±P-z-ŸÛG-‚ãP-m-P-±ô-=âP-ÈÑ-¤Û-h¤PÅ-uÛ-¤fÞm-M¾-Dz-ˆÛ-mP-Çkôh-ºhôh-»ôhTïÅ-Ç+h-V-zÁh-q-hï-¾-h-¿e-z¼-Iâz-ºƒÅ-G-¼ï-‚ãP-ºhÝG-hï-±ô¼-zÅ¤-„Àô-ŸÛG-GbôP-hGôÅü hqï¼-mü GŸôm-mÝºÛ-OÛGº²âGÅ-¾-V-zŸG-m-¤fº-GTÛG-bà-¼P-z®m-¯ôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü fôG-¤-ZÛh-mÅ-PÅ-GŸôm-mÝºÛ-OÛG-º²âGÅ-¾-zXôh-»ôhü Eïh¼P-±ôÅ-zôh-ˆÛ-fôz-fP-¯ôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü M-zôh-f-hh-TïÅ-zôh-ˆÛ-¾ô-MãÅ-fôG-mÅ-P-±ô¼-fôz-fP-»ôhü Eïh-¼P-±ôÅ-fôzfP-hï-im-GÅô-hP-hï-¯ôh-ˆÛ-»ôh-q-mÛ-ºIÛG-q-¼ïhü »Ûm-mºP-zôh-mP-GÛ-GmÅ-ÇePÅ-hï-®¤-HÛ-²-iG-¤ïh-m-P-±ôÅ-fôzfP-hï-hG-¯ôh-mÅ-zÇkh-m-¤-ºIÛG-q-¤ïhü ºôm-ˆP-GmÅ-ÇePÅ-hï-ºi-¤-¼ïhü zôh-mP-¾-¾ô-WÛ-ÅôP-GÛÅ-zôh-ˆÛ-VôÅhP-ü ¼ÛG-GŸÝP.ü Ç+h-»ÛG Dô¼-»ÞG-ÅôGÅ-Z¤Å-VG-¾ô-¼ï-mÅ-¾ô-¼ï-Wï-ÇkÝG-Wï-ÇkÝG-bà-ºIô-GÛ-»ôhü hï-ºiºÛ-²-iG-GÛGmÅ-ÇePÅ-ºôG-zôh-Bôz-MãºÛ-fzÅ-ÁïÅ-ÁÛG-‚ïh-hGôÅ-q-¾Åü fôz-fP-Dô-m-zÁh-hï-zÇkh-m-¾-hG-fzÅ-¤ïhü Zï-V¼GŸôm-mÝ-±ô-fÞG-Çeï-Ç+h-V-‚ãP.ü h-¿e-P-±ôÅ-M-Vï-Å-mÅ-zÅ¤-„Àô-zbP-Çeï-h;º-P¾-Åï¾-fzÅ-‚ïh-hGôÅ-q-»Ûmü hqï¼mü PÅ-º²¤-JÀÛP-fôG-º±ï-¤ïh-ŸÛ-zºÛ-Ç+ô¼-Ç+h-V-Áôh-Ç+zÅü º±ï-zºÛ-¾¤-¾-zdïm-mÅ-h;º-P¾-Åï¾-fzÅ-‚ïh-¤Dm¤P-qô-ŸÛG-»ôP-GÛ-ºhÝG-q-hï-±ô-mÛ-mô¼-ºFâ¾-¼ïh-TïÅ-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü ºhÅ-qºÛ-hÝÅ-¼zÅ-ZÛ-ÁÝ-q-mÛ-¤Û-GÅôh-FG-¢ô¼-HÛhÝÅ-¼zÅ-ÁÛG-»Ûm-q-hP-ü hÝÅ-¼zÅ-ZÛ-ÁÝ-¯-GTÛG-q-ºhÛ-º±ï-z-¤ïh-qºÛ-hÝÅ-¼zÅ-ÁÛG-»ôP-z-‚ïh-hGôÅü º±ï-z-¤ïhqºÛ-hÝÅ-¼zÅ-mP-h;º-P¾-¼P-zŸÛm-HÛÅ-Åï¾-¤Û-fÞz-q¼-¤Þ-¤fÞh-GmÅ-Mã-»Ûmü º±ï-z-¤ïh-qºÛ-hÝÅ-¼zÅ-ŸïÅ-q-mÛh;º-P¾-»ôh-q-hï-hG-Åï¾-fzÅ-º±ï-zºÛ-¾¤-¾-¤-zdïm-q¼-IôÅ-¤ô¾-hP-GZÛÅ-¤ôÅ-ˆÛ-fôG-mÅ-Åï¾-fzÅ-‚ïh-hGôÅMã-¤Û-n¤Å-¾-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü hqï¼-mü PôÅ-ˆÛÅ-qï-¾ÛÅÛ-‡m-hP.ü ÍÛ-ÅÛ-¼¾-xôGÅ-GZÛÅ-;Å-Åô-ÅôºÛ-¾ÞGÅ-z¸ÞP-Çeï¤FïGÅ-qô-‚Å-mÅ-Çkôh-q-hP-ü GZÛÅ-wm-HÛ-zÅ¤-„Àô-ŸÛG-¤-zbP-m-h;º-P¾-Åï¾-DG-qô-¼ïh-TïÅ-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü hï-zŸÛm138

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

P-±ô-zôh-qºÛ-GmÅ-ÇePÅ-¾-V-zŸG-mºP-M-hP-zôh-ˆÛ-z¼-¾-GZÛÅ-wm-HÛ-fzÅ-¾¤-ŸÛG-º±ô¾-hGôÅ-q-¾Åü Åô-ÅôºÛ¾ÞGÅ-z¸ÞP-Çeï-M-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-ˆÛÅ-zôh-ºhÛ-M-mG-GÛ-V-ÁÅ-mÅ-m¤-»P-JÀôh-ˆÛ-¤Ûm-¸ï¼-z-hP-ü zôh-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-ˆÛ-PôÅ-mÅP-±ô¼-¼P-z®m-G®P-¤-hGôÅ-ŸïÅ-zÁh-mÅ-zÇkh-m-GhôP-fÞG-»ôP-Mã-»Ûmü hïÅ-m-P-±ôÅ-IôÅ-¤ô¾-‚Å-mÅ-½‰ôG-iÅï¾-fzÅ-‚ïh-qºÛ-Mã-¤±m-hï-»Ûmü Vï-Å-mÅ-zÅ¤-„Àô-zbP-m-M-mG-¼P-hzP-¿km-q-ŸÛG-VGÅ-q-hP-ü P-±ô-zôh-¾ºP¤ÛP-hôm-¤±ßPÅ-qºÛ-¼P-BôP-ŸÛG-‚ãP-m-hq¾-º‚ô¼-»¼-MÅ-ºIô-Mã¼-P-±ô¼-Dï-wm-»ôP-ÆÛhü P-±ô-GTÛG-qÞ¼-DÞPÅºEô¾-¾-¤-ºEô¾-‚Å-mÅ-zÇkh-q-¾Åü ÇeôzÅ-Vïm-M¾-Dz-GTÛG-GÛ-mP-zÇkh-m-hPôÅ-qô-»¼-MÅ-ºIô-Mã¼-bm-bmDï-wm-»ôP-ÆÛhü G¾-Vï-ÁôÅ-P-±ôºÛ-VôÅ-hP-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-hï-hG-º²Ûm-BôP-»G-qô-ŸÛG-‚ïh-fÞz-q-hGôÅü hï-mÛ-zôh-¤Û-¼ÛGÅGTÛG-qÞ-¤Ûm-q¼-M-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-Å-»-¤P-qô¼-wm-fôGÅ-»ôh-q-ŸÛG-»Ûm-q-¿e¼-h-¿e-mÅ-wm-fôGÅ-GP-®¤-»ôP-GÛ-»ôhü l¼¤-Å-¾¼-V-zŸG-m-M-mG-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-z;º-ºGôG-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»ôh-ˆP-w¾-Vï¼-zhÝm-yG-¼ï-¼ïºÛ-mP-M-mG-Ç+¤-Å-Vïm-qômÅ-¤Û-»ôP-GÛ-»ôhü ¤Û-¤P-qô-ŸÛG-GÛÅ-¤ÛG-Vß-zbP-mÅ-mP-VôÅ-¾-hô-ÇoP-‚ïh-ˆÛ-ºhÝG hï-±ôÅ-hïP-ÅP-M-mG-Ç+¤-ÅVïm-qô¼-mP-q-Å-»-ZÛÅ-zM-¿ËG-®¤-»ôh-TïÅ-zXôh-ˆÛ-ºhÝG hï¼-zdïm-P-±ôÅ-M-Vï-Å-mÅ-zÅ¤-„Àô-GbôP-hGôÅü DÇSôm-GŸôm-mÝ-±ô-fÞG-Ç+zÅ-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-GÛ-¸z-¢ôP-¾-ŸÝGÅ-¤Dm-±ô¼-»P-¤W¾-D-hGôÅ-zXôh-ˆÛ-ºhÝG-q-P-¾-hÝÅ-±ôh¤ïh-ÇezÅ-DôP-±ô-¤Z¤-hÝ-ÁôG-TïÅ-zXôh-q-»Ûmü PôÅ-ˆÛÅ-DôP-±ô¼-¯ïh-¤ô-hP-£GÅ-Eïh-¼P-±ô-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-¾-Mz-Bô¼‚ïh-¤Dm-hP.ü GŸôm-mÝ-±ô-¼P-z®m-¯ôh-¤Dm-¼ïhü Eïh-¼P-±ô-º²ÛP-¼ïÅ-ÁÛG-GbôP-hP-ŸïÅ-zXôh-q-»Ûmü hï-XïÅºIï¾-zÁh-zMz-Çeï-hïP-Ç+zÅ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-¾-¤Û-wm-±ßm-z¼-Dô-¼P-z®m-¯ôh-¤Dm-¼ïhü Dô-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-¾-Mz-Bô¼‚ïh-¤Dm-¼ïh-TïÅ-zXôh-mÅ-ºG¾-¹ºÛ-n¤-q-ŸÛG-»ôP-GÛ-»ôh-q-hï-mô¼-z-¼ïhü P-±ô-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-Áôh-¤Dm-±ôÅ-zôhuÛ-qºÛ-hôm-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü GP-¿e¼-P-±ôÅ-h;º-P¾-ZÝP-hÝ-GbôP-MãºÛ-fzÅ-ÁïÅ-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»ôhü GŸôm-mÝ-±ôÅ-¼P-z®m-ŸïÅzXôh-q-hï-P-±ôºÛ-fôz-fP-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü PôÅ-ˆÛÅ-GÅÞ¤-zTßºÛ-hÝÅ-im-HÛ-GÅÞP-zÁh-»ôPÅ-zOGÅ-mP-fïPÅ-¤P-zÁh»ôhü M¾-¼zÅ-¾ô-MãÅ-zÁh-hGôÅ-‚ãP-m-M-mG-GÝP-Fm-GŸÝP-GÛ-zÁh-ÇePÅ-GTÛG-hP.ü Gô-¤ÛP-bP-GÛ-Áôh-ÇePÅGTÛG M-¤Û-ÇKï¼-q-hï-ºiºÛ-Áôh-ÇePÅ-GTÛG zôh-qºÛ-Áôh-ÇePÅ-GTÛG mÝz-xôGÅ-qºÛ-FÛ¤Å-hP-¾ô-MãÅ-ˆÛ-¤DÅ-q139

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

±ôºÛ-Áôh-ÇePÅ-GTÛG-zTÅ-»ôhü hïÅ-m-M-mG-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-zÁh-q-hï-GTÛG-qÞ¼-V-º²Ûm-‚ïh-fzÅ-¤ïh-TïÅ-»ôPÅ-zOGÅˆÛÅ-zÁh-»ôhü hï-¿e¼-zÁh-hGôÅ-qºÛ-Mã-¤±m-GP-»Ûm-Ÿï-mü hï-ÇSºÛ-zôh-ˆÛ-¾ô-MãÅ-hï-M-xôGÅ-mÅ-zôh-M-DôPÅ-»ÛmŸïÅ-zÁh-q-hï-¿e¼-¤-»Ûm-q-ŸÛG-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü P-±ôÅ-ˆP-Z¤Å-ŸÛz-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»ôhü hï-ÇSºÛ-zôh-M-¤Vôh-»ôm-HÛ-ºƒï¾-zhï-±ôºÛ-Ç+ô¼-HÛ-»ÛG-V-DG-GTÛG-ÇSôm-¤-mÅ-z¸ôÅ-»ôh-q-hP.ü h-¿e-»P-hï-±ôºÛ-fôG-Z¤Å-ŸÛz-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»ôhü hï-±ôºÛ-IÅºhÅ-qºÛ-¾ô-MãÅ-GmÅ-±ß¾-mÅ-f-hh-»Ûm-qºÛ-fôz-fP-GÛ-Ç+ô¼-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü h-¿e-P-±ôÅ-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôh-q-hïmÛ-²-iG-GÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾-¾Å-Bôz-fzÅ-ˆÛ-Ç+h-V-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü hï-»P-P-±ô-GTÛG-qÞºÛ-ºWôm-Mã-DG-qô-»Ûm-q¼-zdïm-P-±ô¼Mz-Bô¼-hGôÅ-ŸïÅ-zXôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü P-±ôÅ-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-ŸïÅ-zXôh-q-ºhÛ-Ç+ô¼-D-ÇSôm-GŸôm-mÝ-±ô-fÞG-hÝÅ-PÅ-ÇS-XïÅ-ˆÛ¾ô-MãÅ-zÁh-»ôhü P-¼P-¾ô- 76 ¾-ÇÀïzÅ-qºÛ-¤Û-ŸÛG-¾-xÛ-¾ô- 1949 ¾ô-mÅ-z¸ÞP-hÝÅ-»Þm-hïºÛ-¼ÛP-GÛ-Z¤Å-¥ôP‚ãP-»ôhü Z¤Å-¥ôP-hï-hG-¾-xôGÅ-zÇkô¤Å-‚ïh-hÝÅ-º²¤-JÀÛP-ºhÛºÛ-fôG-iP-zhïm-ŸïÅ-±P-¤Å-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôh-ˆP.ü hômPô-¤-¾G-¾ïm-zÇe¼-hÝÅ-ÇeôzÅ-hP-mÝÅ-q-Vï-VßP-fôG-ºIô-z-¾Å-iP-zhïm-¾-zhG-qô-MG-¤Dm-DG-qô-ºhÝG P-±ô-zôhq-»P-º²¤-JÀÛP-ºhÛºÛ-fôG-»ôh-q¼-zdïm-hï-¾ÞGÅ-ˆÛ-ºIô-Mã-¾Åü iP-zhïm-GTÛG-qÞ-zÁh-hï-»ôP-Mã-DG-qô-»Ûmü P±ôºÛ-PôÅ-mÅ-iP-zhïm-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»ôh-ˆP.ü w-¼ô¾-qôºÛ-PôÅ-mÅ-iP-zhïm-‚ïh-ˆÛ-¤ïhü º²¤-JÀÛP-GÛ-PôÅ-mÅ-ˆP-zhïmq-¾-¾¤-ÅP-Mz-Bô¼-‚ïh-Mã-DG-qô-»ôhü h-¿e-P-±ôºÛ-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-¾-Í-¼ÛºÛ-GŸÝP-hP-ü Í-¼ÛºÛ-IôÅ-±ôGÅ-GôP-ºôGGZÛÅ-;Å-Mz-Bô¼-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»ôhü hï-zŸÛm-»Þ-¼ôz-IôÅ-±ôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-Mz-Bô¼-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»ôh-¾ü M-G¼-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-Mz-Bô¼-V±P-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»ôhü hï-hP-hï-ºi-zºÛ-¤P-G®ôºÛ-M¾-Dz-w¾-¤ô-VïÅ-Mz-Bô¼-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»ôhü Í-—˜Û-¼Û-;-hP-Í-¼z-hï-±ô¼P-±ôÅ-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-ºƒï¾-z-‚ïh-fÞz-¤ïhü G¾-Vï-ÁôÅ-ºhÅ-qºÛ-¾ô-ZÛ-ÁÝ-ÅÞ¤-TßºÛ-¼ÛP-hP-ü ¿ËG-q¼-ºhÅ-qºÛ-¾ôGZÛÅ-ˆÛ-¼ÛP-M-¼ÛGÅ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-Tm-HÛ-mP-mÅ-P-±ôÅ-¼P-z®m-¤Û-¯ôh-q¼-GZÛÅ-wm-HÛ-¾¤-mÅ-h;º-P¾-Åï¾-fzÅ-‚ïhq-hï¼-hô-ÇoP-‚ãP-Çeï-M-»ÛG-fôG-¯ô¤-»ÛG-ÇeôP-yG-GTÛG-¿ËG-®¤-fôm-ºhÝG hï-±ô-±P-¤Å-P-±ôºÛ-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-¾-MzBô¼-G®P-¤-hP.ü M-mG-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-zôh-¾-º²Ûm-qºÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-¾-Bôm-zXôh-‚Å-»ôhü P-±ô-¼P-z®m-fôG-¾-xÛm-m-P±ôºÛ-Pô-ÁïÅ-M-¤Û-GZÛÅ-GÅÞ¤-ŸÛG-»ôh-q-DôP-±ôÅ-dG-bà-¼P-z®m-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü ºôm-ˆP-DôP-±ô-M-¼ÛGÅ-ÁïÅ-»ôm-Tm140

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

HÛ-DôPÅ-¤-±ßh-q¼-zÞh-ºIô-GÛ-ºhÝG hï-¿e¼-M-¼ÛGÅ-PôÅ-ÁïÅ-¼P-z®m-G®P-¤¼-Mz-Bô¼-‚ïh-¤Dm-GÅÞ¤-»ôh-qmÅ-¤Û-GZÛÅ-h-¿e-»ôhü ¤Û-GTÛG-hï-ÇS-Gm¤-zhï-ÇKô-¤ô-VïºÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾-Ç+zÅ-h;º-¾Å-MG-¤Dm-G®ô-zô-»Ûm-ˆP-hïP-ÅPDôP-GÛ-Ç+ô¼-Gô-Mã-¤Û-ºhÝG hï-¤Ûm-PÅ-fÞG-¥ôP-zºÛ-M-¼ÛGÅ-zM-yG-D-ÁÅ-ÁÛG-»ôh-q-±P-¤-D-GTÛG-IGÅ-ˆÛÅ-P-±ôºÛhzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-¾-M-Bô¼-‚ïh-ˆÛ-ºhÝG M-¼ÛGÅ-mP-mÅ-Mz-Bô¼-hGôÅ-Mã-ºhÛ-G¾-Vïm-qô-»Ûmü h-z¼-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-¾xÛm-q-hï¼-ºƒÅ-zÞ-GP-ŸÛG-‚ãP-ºhÝG G¾-ÆÛh-P-±ôÅ-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-¾-zNå¼-zTôÅ-zbP-Çeï-¼P-z®m-G®P-¤ºÛ-fôGxÛm-m-ÇSôm-¾-M-G¼-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-Mz-Bô¼-WÛ-®¤-‚ïh-hP.ü Í-¼ÛºÛ-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-Mz-Bô¼-WÛ-®¤-‚ïhü hï-zŸÛm-»Þ-¼ôz-IôÅ±ôGÅ-hP.ü M-¤Û-ÁïÅ-»ôm-Tm-HÛ-mP-mÅ-Mz-Bô¼-WÛ-®¤-‚ïhü hï-±ô¼-zÅ¤-„Àô-GbôP-hGôÅü ÁïÅ-ÅôP-P¤ü h-hÝPhïºÛ-mP-GÅïÅ-¾-¼P-z®m-fôG-xÛm-mü ¾ô-MãÅ-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾-Áôh-Mã-ŸÛG-hP.ü ¼P-fG-¼P-GTôh-ˆÛ-fôGmÅ-Áôh-Mã-ŸÛG-zTÅ-GZÛÅ-»ôhü ¾ô-MãÅ-fôG-xÛm-m-&GôP-Å-¿S-q-Vïm-qô-mÅ-z¸ÞP-hGº-¿km-wô-ƒP-GÛ-Ez-DôPÅ-¾-GôMã-¼ïhü xÛ-¾ô- 1950 ¾ô¼-º²¤-JÀÛP-¤Z¤-£ï¾-M¾-±ôGÅ-¾-fôG-¤ºÛ-Ç‰m-ŸÝ-ºzÞ¾-Ç+zÅ- 1950 ¾ô¼-ºƒÛ-Vß-zL¾mÅ-z®m-º²â¾-‚Å-‚ãP-ŸïÅ-ºDôh-»ôhü ºƒÛ-VßºÛ-mÝz-Mãh-hGº-¿km-wô-ƒP-GÛ-Ez-DôPÅ-Å-V-¾-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü w¾-Vï¼hï-hG-P-±ô-zôh-qºÛ-D-Mãm-¾ºP-M-Çkï-hP-zôh-Çkï-ŸïÅ-Áôh-ˆÛ-ºhÝG ¾ô-MãÅ-fôG-mÅ-zÁh-hGôÅ-‚ãP-m-hï-hG-JÀïP-ÇÀôP»ôP-Mã-¼ïhü »P-m-VôÅ-M¾-¤ïÅ-hzôm-n¤Å-GÅÞ¤-Ç+zÅ-ˆÛ-¾ô-MãÅ-zÁh-Mã-»Ûmü PôÅ-ˆÛÅ-Zï-V¼-M-G¼-HÛ-±GÅq¼-ŸÛG-¤fôP-‚ãP-ü hïºÛ-mP-¯ï-wô-ƒP-GÛ-q¼-hP-¾ô-MãÅ-ƒÛÅ-ºhÝG-q-¼ôz-®¤->ÀôG-q-»Ûmü hïºÛ-mP-¯ï-wô-ƒP-hÝÅ-¼zÅzhÝm-qºÛ-mP-M-mG-GôP-¤Å-zCæm-q-¼ïh-TïÅ-ƒÛÅ-ºhÝG ¯ï-wô-ƒP-M-¤Û-¾G-¯¾-qÅ-zMz-qºÛ-n¤-q-¯-z-mÅ-¤ïhü zôhqºÛ-¾G-¯¾-qÅ-zMz-»ôhü GTÛG-‚Å-m-z¾-qôºÛ-¾G-¯¾-q-hï-ºi-»ôh-ÁÅ-Vïü uÛ¼-¿Ë-¿km-G®ßG-¾G-DP-zŸïPÅÇ+zÅ-z¾-qôºÛ-z¸ô-¯¾-»ôh-q-Áôh-Æô¾-»ôhü ¯ï-wô-ƒP-zôh-q-¼P-GÛÅ-zŸïPÅ-»ôhü z¼-Ç+zÅ-M-GŸÝP-GÛ-»ÛG-VºÛ-DôPÅmÅ-zÇkÝÅ-ÅôP-¤-GbôGÅü ºGô-Çeôh-M-xôGÅ-ˆÛ-Áôh-±ß¾-¾-hÝÅ-¼zÅ-zhÝm-q-mÅ-zôh-M-DôPÅ-¼ïhü hïºÛ-Mã-¤±m-mÛhÝÅ-¼zÅ-zhÝm-qºÛ-mP-VôÅ-M¾-ÆôP-z®m-ÇK¤-qôÅ-M-z¸º-z®ßm-¤ô¼-zŸïÅ-q-hP-hï-¤Z¤-hÝ-¯ï-wô-ƒP-»P-zŸïPÅ-q¼ïh-TïÅ-z;ôh-ºhÝG xÛÅ-ÅÞ-hÝÅ-¼zÅ-zhÝm-q-ŸïÅ-¤Û-Áôh-q¼-hÝÅ-¼zÅ-zTß-GÅÞ¤-q-ŸïÅ-Áôh-ˆÛ-ºhÝG GP-¿e¼-¾ô141

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

MãÅ-fôG-ºIô-hGôÅ-‚ãP-m-½‰ôG-i-Vïm-qô-»ôhü hï-hG-¾-±P-¤Å-zÅ¤-„Àô-GbôP-hGôÅ-q-»Ûmü h-¿e-P-±ôºÛ-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤ŸïÅ-q-ºhÛºÛ-Mã-¤±m-hP-hGôÅ-q-G-¼ï-¼ïh-ºhÝG Mã-¤±m-hP-hGôÅ-q-hï-hG-¾-zdïm-mÅ-G¾-Vï-ÁôÅ-h-¿e-z¼-hÝ-MzBô¼-G-±ôh-fôz-ºhÝG h-¿e-z¼-hÝ-P-±ôºÛ-‚ïh-xôGÅ-ºhÛ-¾-zdïm-mÅ-º²¤-JÀÛP-fôG-GÛ-ÁïÅ-¿km-¤Û-Ço-hô-ÇoP-‚ïh-¤Dm±P-¤Å-M-mG-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-ºIÛG-¤-ÅôP-ŸïÅ-¤²âz-¤ô-w¼-z®ßGÅ-q-¾Åü zôh-qÅ-ºIÛG-¤-ÅôP-ŸïÅ-¤²âz-¤ô-±ß¼-º²âGÅ¤Dm-ÅÞ-»P-¤ïhü P-±ôÅ-¼P-z®m-ŸïÅ-zXôh-m-DG-qô-»Ûmü ym-zÞ-È¤-q-Vï-ºhÝG-zXôh-¤Dm-¤P-qô-»ôP-Mã-fG-Vôhü hqï¼-mü P-¼P-ÇKï¼-HÛ-PôÅ-mÅ-V-zŸG-m-h-¿e-P-±ôºÛ-¾PÅ-xôGÅ-ºhÛ-GZÛÅ-wm-HÛ-¾¤-ŸÛG-»Ûm-ÇezÅ-xÛ-M¾-HÛ-¤ÛhP-M-¤Û-ÅÞ-fÞG-mºP-ÇtôzÅ-qºÛ-fôG-mÅ-Áôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü G¾-ÆÛh-P-±ô-¼P-z®m-G®P-¤ºÛ-fôG-xÛm-m-M-¤Û-ŸÛG-fÞG-hÝÅhï-Áôh-fÞz-Mã-DG-qô-»Ûmü ¾¤-ÅP-D-¯ôh-Áô¼-Mã-hP-ü »P-m-¾ô-MãÅ-iPÅ-mÅ-zÁh-Mã-»Ûmü hï-mÛ-¤DÅ-qºÛ-zIôJÀïP-®¤-¾Å-h-¿e-h-¿eºÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-ˆÛ-h;º-P¾-Åï¾-¤Û-fÞzü hï-±ôºÛ-IÅ-mÛ-½‰ôG-i-»Ûmü h-¾¤-Eïh-¼P-±ôÅ-uÛ-¤ôÅ-fôGmÅ-h-¿eºÛ-¾PÅ-xôGÅ-ºhÛ-»G-qô-ºhÝG-TïÅ-zXôh-q-È-TP-»G-qô-‚ãP-ºhÝG GŸïÅ-mÛP-¾ô¼-P-±ôºÛ-²-iG-±ôGÅ-ºhÝº±ôGÅ-Ç+zÅ-PÅ-z;º-„Àôm-FÛ-q¼-zXôh-Mã-‚ãP-ü h-¼ïÅ-ˆÛ-±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-ºhÛ-M-GŸÝP-GÛ-¾ÞGÅ-Æô¾-¿e¼-±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-±ôGÅq-®¤-¾Å-mP-hôm-ÇSôm-mÅ-Gbm-ºDï¾-z-hï-ºi-¤Ûm-q¼-P-±ôÅ-zÅ¤-q-n¤-hG-fôG-mÅ-±ôGÅ-bï-G¾-ÆÛh-¤P-¤ôÅ-ˆÛÅzNå¼-zTôÅ-GbôP-hGôÅ-ŸïÅ-zXôh-m-hï-¿e¼-ºIô-Mã-¾Å-GŸm-‚-Mã-GP-»P-¤ïhü ºGm-EôGÅ-hP-¤-EôGÅ-hï-mÛ-GmÅ±ß¾-f-hh-»Ûmü PÅ-¤Þ-¤fÞh-ºGm-ºEï¼-hP-¤Û-ºEï¼-¼P-ZÛh-ˆÛÅ-zÅ¤-„Àô-GbôP-Mã-»Ûmü G¾-bï-zOæz-¤Û-fÞz-qºÛºGm-ŸÛG-ºEï¼-hGôÅ-zXôh-m-hï-mÛ-DG-qô-»Ûmü zOæz-fÞz-q-ŸÛG-»ôh-m-PÅ-ºGm-ºEï¼-HÛ-¼ïhü zOæz-¤Û-fÞz-q-ŸÛGGÛ-ºGm-ºEï¼-m-hï-mÛ-½‰ôG-i-»Ûmü ŸïÅ-Ç+zÅ-hï¼-Ç+h-V-‚ãP-z-zŸÛm-hï-mÛ-zôh-uÛ-q-hP-zôh-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-ˆÛ-hôm-hG-»Ûm-qÅü ¤Û-¤P-GÛÅ-fG-GTôh-Mã-¾Å-P-¤Û-GTÛG-hP-P-±ô-¤Û-ZÝP-ÁÅ-ˆÛÅ-fG-GTôh-‚ïh-Mã-ŸÛG-¤Ûm-ŸïÅ-P-±ô-Ç+h-V-‚ãP.ü PÅ¤P-±ôGÅ-¾-Ç+h-V-Áôh-hÝÅ-»ôPÅ-zOGÅ-fôG-mÅ-M-mG-GŸÝP-¾-»Ûh-VïÅ-z½ÀG-ºIô-GÛ-ºhÝG-TïÅ-zXôh-»ôhü hï-mÛhPôÅ-GmÅ-»Ûmü h-hÝP-P-±ôÅ-GP-wm-TÛ-wm-HÛÅ-¤P-±ôGÅ-¾-Gô-zÇkÝ¼-‚Å-bï-fzÅ-ÁïÅ-GŸm-ŸÛG-½‰ïh-m-hï-¿e¼-‚ïhVôG-GÛ-¼ïhü ¼P-z®m-Oæz-ˆÛ-»Ûmü Mz-Bô¼-ºhÛ-ºi-‚Å-bï-º±ô¾-HÛ-»Ûm-ŸïÅ-zXôh-Mã-»ôh-m-ºIÛG-GÛ-¼ïhü PÅ-ÇSôm142

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

¤-mÅ-GŸôm-mÝºÛ-OÛG-º²âGÅ-¾-¼P-z®m-¯ôh-q-mÛ-fôz-fP-¯ôh-q-»Ûm-qÅ-Mã-¤±m-¿km-q-¼ïhü »Ûm-mºP-Oæz-fzÅhP-‚ïh-ÇePÅü Mz-Bô¼-ºhÛ-ºi-‚Å-bï-º±ô¾-HÛ-»Ûmü fzÅ-¾¤-ºhÛ-hP-ºhÛ-»ôhü ‚ïh-ÇePÅ-ºhÛ-ºi-‚Å-mÅ-OæzˆÛ-»Ûmü ŸïÅ-Gô-¼Û¤-hP-ºIô-ÇePÅ-GÅ¾-GÅ¾-fÛP-fÛP-ŸÛG-zXôh-Mã-»ôh-m-zÅ¤-„Àô-GbôP-GÛ-¼ïhü hï-ºiºÛ-Oæz-fzÅˆÛ-¼Û¤-hP-Mz-Bô¼-º±ô¾-zºÛ-fzÅ-‚ãÅ-GP-»P-¤ïh-q¼-P-±ô¼-¼P-z®m-hGôÅ-ŸïÅ-zXôh-q-»Ûm-m-hï-mÛ-f¾-V-»Ûmü hï¼-zdïm-h-¿eºÛ-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-ŸïÅ-q-ºhÛ-Mã-¤±m-¿km-q-»Ûmü ºôm-ˆP-&M¾-z-¼Ûm-qô-VïÅ-»ï-ÁïÅ-h‚ÛPÅ-hrh-ˆÛÅfG-zTh-q-¼ïh-TïÅ-zXôh-m-hï-mÛ-mô¼-ºFâ¾-»Ûmü ¤P-G®ôºÛ-Ç+h-V-VGÅ-ˆÛ-¤ïhü hï-¾-zÅ¤-„Àô-zbP-mÅ-Mã-¤±mºhÝG h-¿e-z¼-hÝ-Iâz-ºƒÅ-ºhÛ-hP-ºhÛ-‚ãP-ºhÝG hï¼-zdïm-Mz-Bô¼-»ôh-TïÅ-zXôh-m-Mã-¤±m-¿km-q-»Ûmü ÁïÅÅôP-P¤ü hï-zXôh-ºhôh-‚ãP.ü hï-mÅ-hGï-ºhÝm-q-±ôºÛ-¾Å-ºGm-GP-hP-GP-»Ûm-GôP-hÝ-ŸÝÅ-¸Ûm-q-»Ûmü º²¤-JÀÛP-fôG-ºhÅ-qºÛ-¾ô- 51 GôP-P-±ô-fôG-¤¼-M-G¼-¾-»ôP-Ç+zÅ-hP-ü hïºÛ-ÇSôm-P-±ô-zôh-¾-»ôh-Ç+zÅ-zTÅ-ÅÞ-zôh-ˆÛ-ÅPÅ-MÅ-VôÅ-¾-„À-¤ºÛVôÅ-ŸïÅ-zXôh-¤Dm-»ôhü Zï-V¼-M-mG-mÅ-»ôP-zºÛ-M-¤Û-ŸÛG-fÞG-‚ãP-hïÅ-zôh-ˆÛ-mP-VôÅ-hP-M-mG-GÛ-mP-VôÅ-GZÛÅ¤Û-ºi-z-»ôhü M-mG-GÛ-VôÅ-¾-h;ôm-¤VôG-GÅÞ¤-hP.ü zôh-ˆÛ-VôÅ-¾-„À-¤-fï-zºÛ-h;ôm-¤VôG-zŸÛ-ºhÝG TïÅ-zXôhˆÛ-ºhÝG hï-±ôºÛ-IÅ-¾-zÅ¤-„Àô-»G-qô-zbP-mÅ-ºIï¾-zÁh-MG-hGôÅ-q-ºhÝG ÇSôm-¤-ºW¼-¤m-HÛ-Í-¤-ŸÛG-»ôhü DôP-mP-q-»Ûm-¾-mP-VôÅ-¾-È-TP-hGº-qô-»ôhü DôP-ºƒâG-»Þ¾-¾-ºIô-Ç+zÅ-hï¼-»Û-h¤-µÛG-qô-hï-±ô-ÇKP-¾-zŸG ÅPÅMÅ-ÇeôP-Ç+Ý-GÁ¤-¾-zŸG-ºhÝG-hï-mÛ-zhï-qô-¤Û-ºhÝG Eïh-¼P-±ôÅ-»Û-h¤-ÅPÅ-MÅ-¾Å-¯-Vï-z-z¯ÛÅ-q-hï-GP-ºi-ŸÛG»Ûm-m¤-ŸïÅ-zXôh-ˆÛ-ºhÝG zôh-ˆÛ-VôÅ-ŸïÅ-ºzG-Hôm-mÅ-ºV¤-zMz-qü hÝP-M-JÀÛP-GbôP-zü D-ÅP-DÞ-mÝ¼-hï-ºiºhÝG-¾-hï-ÇSôm-¾-hÐGÅ-¾ºP-¤fôP-‚ãP.ü w¾-Vï¼-ºƒâG-q-z;º-zMãh-»Ûm-q-ºiü M-JÀÛP-GbôP-¤Dm-HÛÅ-ŸÐ-¤ô-Eh¤±¼-ŸÛG-Hôm-ºhÝG PôÅ-ˆÛÅ-¯ïh-¤ô-¯ïÅ-mÅ-Eïh-¼P-±ô-M-JÀÛP-GbôP-¤Dm-HÛ-ŸÐ-¤ô-hï-qÞ-qÞ-DÞ-ÁÝh-ˆÛ-¤Gô-ºi-qô-ºhÝG M-JÀÛP-GbôP-Mã-¾Å-qÞ-ÁÝh-ˆÛ-Ç+h-zMz-m-»G-q-»ôP-z-ºhÝG-TïÅ-¯ïh-¤ô-hP-£GÅ-mÅ-zXôh-q-»Ûmü P-±ô-hï-¿e-zÞ-¾¤Gô-ºDô¼-z-hqï¼-mü h-¿e-ºhÛ¼-PôÅ-ˆÛÅ-¤-GÝÅ-q-¤Ûm-»P-zXôh-VôG-m-ºhÝ-DP-µÛG-qô-hP-¤Vôh-µÅ-µÛG-qô-ŸÛG-»ôhü 143

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

Pô-¤-hGôÅ-Mã-m-mÛ-zÇÀz-q-ÇÀôz-GZï¼-»Ûmü zÇÀz-¤-ÇÀôz-GZï¼-hï-®¤-¤ïh-m-hGôm-q-µÛG-qô-ŸÛG-zMz-»ôh-ˆP-hï-ºiŸÛG-»Ûmü P-±ô-zôh-qºÛ-D-Mãm-¾-G¸Û-zXÛh-DôG-ÇeôP-¸ï¼-ŸÛG-»ôh-hï-¿e¼-VGÅ-MãºÛ-Zïm-D-»ôhü h-¿e-z¼-ÇÀôz-GZï¼»G-fG-Vôh-¼ïhü h-hÝP-»P-ÁÝGÅ-MG-hGôÅü ÇÀôz-GZï¼-‚ïh-ÇePÅ-hï-»P-»G-qô-‚Å-m-¼ÛGÅ-q-¼P-GÛ-fôG-mÅ-ºIôhGôÅ-q-¾Åü ÅPÅ-MÅ-ˆÛÅ-hqï-VºÛ-mP-»Å-GÅÞP-ºhÝG-¤Å-GÅÞP-ºhÝG-¸ï¼-z-hP.ü Å-zTß-¾¤-¿S-„À-¤-¤-aÛ-ºhômq-¿e-zÞ-‚ïh-Mã-¤ïhü ¼P-GÛ-Mãh-fôG-¾-Å-zTß-¾¤-¿S-zBïh-fzÅ-hP.ü ¼ï-hôGÅ-¾Þ-GÝ-zMãh-ˆÛÅ-zTÛPÅ-qºÛ-Mãh-¤hÝ¾-z-ºhÛ-GP-ºi-‚Å-mÅ-Å-¾¤-¾-z=Û-fzÅ-fôG-Åô-ÅôÅ-zÅ¤-„Àô-zbP.ü ¯ôh-q-¯ôh-Ç+zÅ-ˆP-hï-ºiºÛ-fôG-¯ôh-MãÈ-TP-G¾-Vïm-qô-»Ûmü ºhÅ-qºÛ-¾ô- 51 ÅôP-zºÛ-hïP-ˆÛ-Ç+zÅ-ÅÞ-zôh-ˆÛ-ÅPÅ-MÅ-ˆÛ-VôÅ-ŸïÅ-zXôh-hÝÅ-mP-qºÛVôÅ-ˆÛ-mP-mÅ-ÇtäÅ-hG-ÁôÅ-hP.ü ºIï¾-zÁh-V-±P-ÁôÅ-zTÅ-¾-PôÅ-º²Ûm-‚ïh-ˆÛ-»ôhü hï-mÛ-P-±ôºÛ-‚Å-XïÅ-»Ûmü G®ô-zô-hGï-ºhÝm-q-±ô-hP.ü „À-¤-¤Dm-qô-Eïh-¼P-±ô-hPôÅ-GmÅ-¤²h-XïÅ-Vïm-qô-¼ïh-zÅ¤-HÛ-ºhÝG P-¼P-¾-V-zŸGm-hï-ÇS-zôh-¾-Mm-iâG-¤VôG-GZÛÅ-ŸïÅ-q-¾Å-GŸm-Gô-Mã-¤ïhü PôÅ-ˆÛÅ-hq¾-mÙ-¾ï ºÛ-qa-Iâz-zTß-zhÝm-ŸïÅ-qºÛ-fÇ‰h-GTÛG-zbGÅ-bï-zôh-ˆÛ-VôÅ-zMãh-ºhÛ-uÛ¼-M-G¼-ºwGÅ-qºÛ-»Þ¾-HÛ-VôÅ-zMãh-hP.ü ¿ËG-q¼-hq¾-mÙ-¾ï ºÛ-VôÅzMãh-»Ûm-ŸïÅ-zXôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü hï-GÅ¼-z¸ô-‚Å-q-GP-»P-¤Ûm-ˆP-¤ÛP-ºhôGÅ-xôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-hï-¼ÛP-D-ÅP-GÅ¾-qô-VGÅ»ôhü ¤Û-¤P-qôÅ-hô-ÇoP-‚ïh-q¼-¤-¸hü ±m-¼ÛG-q-±ôÅ-ˆP-hô-ÇoP-‚ïh-ˆÛ-ºhÝG ºhÅ-qºÛ-¾ô- 51 ¼ÛP-P-±ôºÛ-PôÅmÅ-ÅPÅ-MÅ-zÇem-qºÛ-ŸzÅ-ºhïGÅ-GP-®¤-Oæz-fÞz-q-‚ãP-»ôhü hï-hP-ºƒï¾-mÅ-zôh-ˆÛ-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-hP.ü zôh-mPGÛ-GŸÛÅ-¾ÞÅ-M-VïºÛ-¤Û-¤P-ü P-±ô-z®m-‚ô¾-¾-»ôh-qºÛ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-‚ïh-ÇePÅ-zTÅ-ˆÛÅ-º²¤-JÀÛP-ºhÛºÛ-fôG-zôh-q-ŸïÅzXôh-hÝÅ-¤Û-iP-qô-hP.ü »-¼zÅü Åï¤Å-z¸P-zTÅ-¾-¯Û-GÛ-»ôhü zôh-¤Û-ÇkÝG-VGÅ-‚ïh-¤Dm-¼ï-¸ÞP-»ôh-ˆP-uÛ»ôPÅ-¾-¤fôP-±ß¾-»G-qô-»ôhü ºôm-ˆP-z¼-Ç+zÅ-mÅ-zôh-¤Û-¤Gô-zhï-qô-¤P-qô-ÇÀïzÅ-ÇezÅ-zôh-qÅ-µâm-Áôh-ˆÛ-ºhÝG¸ï¼-zºÛ-Ç+h-V-ym-zÞ-¤P-hÝ-ºIô-GÛ-ºhÝG hqï¼-mü ¿kÛ-¾Û-Í-¼ÛºÛ-GŸÝP-±z-DP-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-hï-ÇS-zôh-q-ŸÛG-»ôP-m-hGºqô-‚Å-bï-¾¤-ÅP-fôP-¤Vm-vôh-ˆÛ-»ôhü hï¼-zdïm-z¾-»Þ¾-HÛ-¤Û-zôh-q-¤Ûm-q-hï-ºiÅ-zôh-q-»Ûm-¸ï¼-zÁh-mÅ-fôP¤Vm-ŸÝ-¤Dm-‚ãP-z-hP.ü xôGÅ-¤±ßPÅ-IÔ-q-¤Ûm-qºÛ-¤Û-hï-ºiÅ-ˆP-IÔ-q-»Ûm-¸ï¼-mÅ-IÔ-VÅ-Hôm-bï-fôP-¤Vm-ŸÝ144

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

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M¾-Dz-hP-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-ˆÛ-PôÅ-º²Ûm-Æ-zdm-Vïhü VÛG-zOÛ¾-HÛ-ZÛm-¤ô-ÆâP-z¯Û-‚-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü)

TÛ-Çeï-hÝÅ-±ïÅ-PïÅ-Tm-mP-zôh-M-GZÛÅ-wm-HÛ-Iâz-ºƒÅ-D-GÅ¾-ŸÛG-¤-‚ãP-±ï-hï-zÇeàm-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-ÁÛG-h-¿e-mÅ-I-OÛG-GmPºôÅ-GmP-G¾-Vïü ¤P-¤ôÅ-fôG-mÅ- (Mz-Bô¼- 114 hGG-V- 46)

10] fzÅ-¾¤-Ço-±ôGÅ-zMãh-mÅ-zôh-mP-GÛ-M¾-GTïÅ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-z-hP.ü „À-¤-hP-¤Dm-qôü IÔ-z®ßmü ¯ô¤-q-qôü GŸÅ-q-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-‚Å-XïÅ-n¤Å-¾-XïÅ-ÅÞ-»Û-¼PÅ-hP.Mz-Bô¼-‚-Mã¼-¤Þ-¤fÞh-ÁÝGÅ-Çoômü hï-zŸÛm-zôh-mP-GÛ-M¾GTïÅ-z¯¤Å-VôÅ-hP.ü O-fG-¾-ÅôGÅ-q-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-hP-ü GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤-»Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-Çkï-DG-mÅhq¼-zCæm-HÛÅ-GôP-ºwï¾-GbôP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 11] M-mG-GŸÝP-mÅ- 2007 ¾ô¼-væ¾-Ç+ÝºÛ-»P-ÆÛh-PôÅ-º²Ûm-‚-fzÅ-ˆÛ-»ÛG-V-ÍP- 5 q-ŸïÅ-qºÛ-FÛ¤Å-»ÛG-GbmºzïzÅ-»ÛG-V-hï¼-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-mÅ-PôÅ-¾ïm-¤ïh-qºÛ-»ôPÅ-Ez-GÅ¾-zOGÅ-Çtï¾-¸Ûm-q-¾-±ôGÅ-Vïm-ºhÛºÛ-fôGmÅ-Mz-Bô¼-¤fº-GTÛG-bà-‚-Mãü M-mG-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-Vz-ÆÛh-hGôÅ-¤Dô-¿e¼-Çkï-iâG-¼Ûm-qô-VïºÛ-»P-ÆÛh-PôÅ-º²Ûm-‚Åq¼-Pô-Lô¾-¤fº-GTÛG-bà-ŸÝ-Mã-hP-ü ¤-ºôPÅ-q¼-»P-‚ïh-ÇePÅ-hï-¼ÛGÅ-¾-PôÅ-¾ïm-¯-z-ZÛh-mÅ-¤ïh-qºÛ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾z¯¤-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 154

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12] h-¿e-M-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-xÛ-M¾-hôm-GTôh-DG-bà-zôh-hôm-MãÅ-Tm-¤Û-Ço-z;ôh-OÛG-‚Å-bïü zôh-qºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-º²â¾-fzÅˆÛÅ-h=âG-ÁÛP-h‚ïm-¢ô¼-‚-fzÅ-hP.ü xÛ¼-GbôP-M-¤ÛºÛ-ÇÀôz-yâG-DG-¾-zôh-hôm-ºEôG-zÁh-ˆÛ-iÛ¾-zOGÅ-»ÛG-VÁÝGÅ-Vï-Çtï¾-zŸÛm-q¼-GhôP-¾ïm-HÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-Gbm-ºzïzÅ-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 13] M¾-uÛºÛ-FÛ¤Å-ˆÛ-hGôPÅ-hôm-z®m-º²â¾-‚Å-qºÛ-»Þ¾-Iâ-ŸÛG-¾-¤Û-ºzô¼-GmÅ-ÇtôÅ-‚Å-¤Û-VôG-q-GÅ¾-»ôh-ˆP-ü MmG-GÛ-G»ô-NåºÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-Ço-±ôGÅ-fôG-M-¤Û-ºzô¼-Vïm-zôh-¾-GmÅ-ÇtôÅ-ˆÛÅ-zôh-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-¯-z½ÀG-bà-GbôP-z-hP-ü zôhˆÛ-¯-VïºÛ-VôÅ-hP-¼ÛG-GŸÝP-ü Ç+h-»ÛG Dô¼-»ÞG-¯-Gbô¼-zbP-hP-GbôP-zŸÛm-q-¾-Pô-Lô¾-HÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-zOGÅGb¤-ŸÛG-Çtï¾-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 14] º²¤-JÀÛP-Å-xôGÅ-GP-Å¼-¤fô-ÇÀôz-ºIÛ¤-zŸÛm-qºÛ-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-ÇÀôz-¤-n¤Å-¾-Vz-ÆÛh-ˆÛ-Gô-dôGÅ-Çtï¾-Vïhü M¾-uÛºÛ¼P-zŸÛm-HÛ-¤fô-ÇÀôz-ÇÀôz-¤ºÛ-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-hÝÅ-zÇeàm-zÇ+ôP-fzÅ-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 15] z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-mÅ-GŸôm-BïÅ-±ô-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-¾Å-hôm-@P-¾ïm-‚ïh-¤Dm-º²Ûm-BôP-¾Å-DÞPÅ-ÁÛG-GÅ¼-º²âGÅ‚ïh-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 16] z¾-»Þ¾-mP-Vz-ÆÛh-ºHã¼-ºIôÅ-hP-ºƒï¾-z¾-»Þ¾-GmÅ-Çkôh-BzÅ-zTô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-GmÅ-ÇePÅ-¾ºP-hô-wôG-ºIô-zŸÛm»ôh-D¼ü ¿ËG-q¼-hÝ-±GÅ-q¼-mP-hPôÅ-zhïm-¤Ûm-qºÛ-GmÅ-±ß¾-ºi-¤Ûm-z;ôh-fôm-‚ãP-¼ÛGÅ-¾-Ç+zÅ-ºy¾-Åô-Åô¼¼P-GŸÝP-mÅ-¾m-ºhïzÅ-»ôP-zºÛ-ºƒï¾-»ôh-n¤Å-¾-‚ïh-ÇKôºÛ-¾¤-Çeôm-GmP-hGôÅ-q-hP.ü z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-mÅz¾-GmÅ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-Vïh-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-hGôPÅ-zŸïÅ-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 17] GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-q-DG-¾-GŸÝP-mÅ-zz-zÇeàm-HÛÅ-ºƒï¾-¾¤-ºWôG-hGôÅ-ü (Mz-Bô¼- 131 hGG-V- 93) 18] uÛ-ºfÞÅ-n¤-qÅ-G®ôÅ-GŸÝP-ŸzÅ-¾Å-‚ïh-n¤Å-GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-Vz-ÆÛh-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-mP-¤Z¤-ŸÝGÅ-‚-hGôÅü (hGG-V- 4 ±h-¤fôºÛ-¤P-¤ôÅ-) 155

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19] &GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-mÛ-M¾-Dz-GŸm-HÛ-hzÞ-FÛh-hP-ºIm-hÝ-¤ïh-q-ŸÛG-»Ûm-ŸÛP.ü DôP-¾-¤Û-h¤PÅhˆãÅ-¤-¿e-zÞ-¾Å-ºGÝ¾-ÅôGÅ-¾-¤Z¤-ŸÝGÅ-hGôÅ-¾ÞGÅ-ŸÝÅ-q-hP.ü &M¾-z-¼Ûm-qô-Vï-hP-¤P-G®ô-ÅÞ-G®ô-Vï-z-»Ûm±ß¾-zXôh-zz-hïºÛ-¼ÛGÅ-¾-hGG-‚-¤fº-GTÛG-bà-‚-Mã-»Ûmü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 20] &GôP-Å-¤VôG-GÛ-hGôPÅ-GŸÛ-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-HÛ-¿e-Iâz-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-ˆÛ-¼ÛG-qºÛ-GŸÝP-¾ÞGÅ-ºhÛ-zŸÛm-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-GŸôm-BïÅ-IPÅºzô¼-PïÅ-Tm-ŸÛG-¾-GbÛP-±ßGÅ-qºÛ-ÇÀôz-GÅô-vh-hï-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-hzÞ-¤ºÛ-¾¤-HÛ-¿e-Iâz-Gô-dôGÅ-Çtï¾-z¼-ºzh-z¯ômGmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 21] zôh-mP-M-mG-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-Bï-ÇKô-z;G-qºÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-z®m-qô-hzP-»ôh-ˆÛÅ-¾G-zÇe¼-hP-ü ¼P-hzP-¾ÞP-qºÛ-mP-z®m‚ô¾-hÝ-º‚ô¼-zºÛ-zôh-¼ÛGÅ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-hq¾-º‚ô¼-HÛ-DG-h=Û-‚ïh-q-hP-zÅ¤-uôh-¾-ºHã¼-¿kôG-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-Aïm-qÅ-zôh¤ÛºÛ-¤Û-ºzô¼-¾ô-¼ï-mÅ-¾ô-¼ï¼-Z¤Å-VG-bà-ºIô-zŸÛm-qºÛ-²-iG-GÛ-GmÅ-ÅÞ-Hã¼-»ôhü ¼P-TG-GPÅ-Tm-qºÛ-Vz-ÆÛhzdm-¿ËÛP-Mãm-GmÅ-»ôP-z-hP-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-ºwï¾-MÅ-»ôP-ÇÀh-M-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-Pm-q-hï¼-Pô-Lô¾-hP-ü z®m-‚ô¾zôh-GŸÝP-GÛ-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-¤Û-ºzô¼-ºwï¾-MÅ-»ôP-ÇÀh-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-Å¤-¾Å-ºV¼-ŸÛG-GÅ¼-z¸ô-GmP-hGôÅ-G¾-hP.ü VzÅ-TÛG-yâ-GÝ-¤P-z-n¤Å-¾-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-z¿e-dôG-hP-¼ôGÅ-¤Gôm-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 22] z®m-‚ô¾-hÝ-º‚ô¼-¤-fG-GmÅ-¤VôG-lô-Xï-Ghm-hÝ-Vô¾-GÅÞ¤-zôh-¤Û-»ôPÅ-mÅ-uÛ-mô¼-&GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG¾-Vô¾-GÅÞ¤-zôh-¤Û-»ôPÅ-µôGÅ-¤fÞm-¾¤-lôG-¯-GTÛG-zOÛ¾-¿UGÅ-ˆÛ-GôP-zÞ-¿e-zÞ-‚-MãºÛ-¤mº-Gm-¤fÞ-¤ô-Vï-wÞ¾-z-zŸÛmVô¾-GÅÞ¤-Åï¼-B-¤Û-¤P-»ôPÅ-mÅ-xôGÅ-¿ËàP-ºfïm-ºEï¼-ÇtPÅ-bï-¤fÞm-¾¤-lôG-¯-GTÛG-zOÛ¾-¿UGÅ-ˆÛ-GôP-zÞ-¿e-zÞGmP-hGôÅ-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 23] zôh-M-¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-GZÛÅ-zÅ¤-±ß¾-zXï-¾ïm-Vïhü zôh-M-Ç+h-»ÛG-GZÛÅ-¿km-HÛ-i-M-ŸÛG-GÅ¼-z¸ô-‚-G¾-Vïü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 24] zôh-qºÛ-uÛ-¤fÞm-zÅôh-m¤Å-GÅôG-ÇÀh-Z-ÇeôP-zMh-GÅÞ¤-¾-h¤¼-¸Å-ÇtP-Mã-hP-ü ¯-hôm-fôG-zôh-¤Û-±P-¤ºÛ-zÅ¤uôh-GTÛG-Hã¼-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 156

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25] „À-væ¾-hP-¤Dm-qôü hGï-zÁïÅ-n¤Å-mÅ-xÛ-M¾-»Þ¾-Iâ-DG-uÛ-hP-ü ¿ËG-q¼-Mãm-hÝ-ºƒï¾-ºiÛÅ-h;ôm-qºÛ-M¾Dz-n¤Å-ÅÞ-GÅÞP-VôÅ-z°¾-Ÿô¼-hÝ-zôh-GŸÝP-GÛ-ÆÛh-‚ãÅ-¾PÅ-xôGÅ-n¤Å-Pô-vôh-GmP-z¼-hGï-¤±m-ÁÛm-bà-Vïm-qô»ôh-qÅ-¼P-GŸÝP-mÅ-DôP-n¤Å-¾-hï-hG-GP-¤P-GmP-hGôÅ-qºÛ-ºzôh-Ç+Ý¾-GmP-G¾ü hï-zŸÛm-M-G¼-ºwGÅqºÛ-»Þ¾-HÛ-G®ôÅ-mP-qºÛ-VôÅ-Mãh-º²Ûm-q-n¤Å-hP-ü xÛ-M¾-»Þ¾-Iâ-GP-ÅºÛ-VôÅ-‚ïh-¤Û-Ço-n¤Å-¾ºP-hï-¿e-zÞºÛPô-vôh-GmP-hGôÅ-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 26] zôh-MºÛ-h;º-½‰ôG-mÛ-wm-±ßm-z;º-¤ô¾-zMãh-Åï¾-fzÅ-hGôÅ-ÇezÅ-ºƒï¾-¤ô¾-¤Þ-¤fÞh-hï-IPÅ-GP-¤P-¤P-GmP-fzÅhGôÅ-q-hP.ü ºƒï¾-¤ô¾-Ç+Ý-±z-±ôGÅ-qºÛ-mP-M-»ÛG-M-Ç+h-¾-Vïh-hÝ-¤DÅ-qºÛ-¤Û-Ço-¼z-‚ãP-m-zM-V- 50 hPhï-¤-‚ãP-m-¼ï-GZÛÅ-ÁÛG-PïÅ-q¼-hÝ-GbôP-hGôÅ-Mãü ºƒï¾-¤ô¾-Ç+Ý-±z-mP-¤Û-¼zÅ-Lm-h¼-GŸôm-GÅÞ¤-Ço-º²ô¤Å-‚ãPm-hGï-¤±m-Vï-z¼-¤Pômü (Mz-Bô¼- 109 hGG-V- 102) 27] M-mG-GŸÝP-GÛÅ-bØ-¾ºÛ-¼Þ-±ôGÅ-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-ºôG-mÅ-&GôP-Å-¤VôG-¾-zÅ¤-»Þ¾-¾Å-ºhÅ-qºÛ-¤±m-Ç¨h-Ç+Ý¼-ºhïzÅ-ˆÛzOGÅ-Gb¤-hP-ü »ÛG-V-ºi-¤Ûm-Ço-±ôGÅ-fôm-zŸÛm-q-hï-hG-¾-hÝÅ-mÅ-hÝÅ-ÅÞ-uÛ-ÇKï¼-ÅÞ-¼ÞP-mÅ-¾m-ºhïzÅ-±mm-GmP-hGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 28] zôh-M-ºƒï¾-¤ô¾-HÛ-¾¤-mÅ-zôh-hôm-zhïm-¤fº-GÅ¾-fzÅ-ÅÞ-ºIÛG-ºhÝ¤-q-mÝÅ-q-¿km-qºÛ-M¾-Dz-TÛG-º±ô¾-ŸÛz-GmPhGôÅü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 29] uÛ-mô¼-&GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-GÛ-Ç+Ý-xÕ-mÛ-zôh-ºzPÅ-GŸÛÅ-‚ïÅ-GZÛÅ-ˆÛ-ÆôG-¯-ZG-TÛG-»Ûm-q¼-ÅôP-&M¾zºÛ-Ç+Ý-xÕ-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-ŸÝ-ÇKô-»ôPÅ-µôGÅ-ÇS¼-¿ËG-GŸÝP-ÇKï¼-GZÛÅ-mÅ-h¤-hôm-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 30] GŸÛÅ-¾ÞÅ-M-Vï-¤P-±ôGÅ-»ôPÅ-ˆÛÅ-Åô-ÅôºÛ-M¾-Dz-hP-ü ¤Û-¼ÛGÅ-ˆÛ-hôm-hÝ-GTïÅ-qºÛ-¼P-ÆôG-hP-zTÅ-q-„ÀôÅ-zbPGÛÅ-M¾-Ÿïm-hP-Åï¤Å-ÁÝGÅ-¾-XïÅ-ÅÞ-»Û-¼PÅ-hP-zÇSGÅ-zXôh-ŸÝ-z-hP-£GÅü h-¿e-M-mG-GŸÝP-GÛ-z®ôm-DP-DGGÛ-mP-»ôh-zŸÛm-qºÛ-Vz-ÆÛh-z®ôm-q-n¤Å-GP-¥ã¼-JÀôh-z=ô¾-»ôP-fzÅ-ÇS¼-¿ËG-ºzh-z¯ôm-GmP-Mã-hP.ü Vz-ÆÛh157

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

z®ôm-¸Þ¼-n¤Å-¾-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh-GŸÝP-mÅ-G¸ÛGÅ-BôP-¤Û-h¤m-q-GmP-hP-GmP-zŸÛm-q-hï-¿e¼-»P.ü h-hÝP-»P-DôPn¤Å-¾-G¸ÛGÅ-BôP-GP-G¸z-GmP-hGôÅ-G¾ü (hGG-V- 2 ±h-¤fôºÛ-¤P-¤ôÅ-) 31] hïP-GÛ-V¼-¼P-¼ïºÛ-uÛ-±ôGÅ-mP-FÛ¤Å-¤fÞm-¤Ûm-qºÛ-zMãh-¾¤-Ço-±ôGÅ-zMãh-xÛ-zBôh-‚ïh-qºÛ-Aïm-HÛÅ-z®m-‚ô¾-zôh¤Û-hP-z®m-‚ô¾-GŸÝP-GÛ-¤±m-¤fôP-¾-Gmôh-±zÅ-Vï-zÅ-hïºÛ-fh-ºƒï¾-»ôh-mÅ-h¤-hôm-GmP-G¾-Vï-ŸÛP.ü zôh¤ÛºÛ-z¸P-uôh-GôP-ºwï¾-GbôP-fzÅ-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 32] M-z¾-ºƒâG-GÅÞ¤-hÝ-zôh-¤ÛºÛ-Pô-zô-GmÅ-xÛ¼-h¤ÛGÅ-zÅ¾-HÛ-Å-GmÅ-GŸÝP-mÅ-¾Å-;-¼G-fzÅ-ˆÛ-¤±ôm-qºÛ-fôz-fP¼ÛGÅ-ÇS¼-¿ËG-ºfôz-xÛ¼-GŸÝP-Åô-Åô¼-ºƒï¾-¾¤-fôG-mÅ-hôm-ºƒÅ-Ç¨Ûm-fzÅ-‚-Mãü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 33] xÛ-M¾-hÝ-»ôh-qºÛ-hôm-GTôh-DP-DG-TÛG-mP-M-Ç+h-ÁïÅ-¤Dm-HÛ-M-zôh-ºƒï¾-¤fÞh-q-»ôh-ˆP-ü h-hÝP-hôm-GTôhDP-GŸm-DG-mP-hGôÅ-G¾-¾-G¸ÛGÅ-bï-ºƒï¾-¤fÞh-q-zÇ+ô-GŸG-GmP-fzÅ-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) 34] zôh-mP-Vz-ÆÛh-Gô-dôGÅ-Çtï¾-ÇÀhü ¼P-GŸÝP-mÅ-h-»ôh-zôh-Ç+h-½ÀâP-ºyÛm-mP-zôh-Ç+h-¾Å-¼Û¤-hÝÅ-±ôh-Wï-¤P-hÝ-GbôPfzÅ-GmP-G¾-hP-ü GÅ¼-ºHã¼-zMãh-¾¤-DG-uÛ-ÇKï¼-ÅÞ-»Ûm-mÅ-V-ÁÅ-¾ïm-Ç+zÅ-M-GŸÝP-GÛ-¾G-V¼-¤Û-ºHã¼z-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-GmP-G¾ü (uÛ-¤ôÅü) hï-¿e¼-Vz-ÆÛh-ˆÛ-Ç+ô¼-¾-zÅ¤-±ß¾-xôGÅ-zÇkô¤Å-hôm-±m- 34 »ôh-q-hP-ü hôm-±m-GŸm-GP-»ôh-»ÛG-fôG-mÅ&GôP-Å-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô¼-um-ºzÞ¾-ŸÝÅ-»ôh-q-GŸÛ¼-z¸ÞP-ü ±ôGÅ-zT¼-z-±P-¤¼-»ÛG-V-ºhÛ-hï-¼ÛP-ºIï¤Å-fÞz-fzÅhP-ü hï-¼ÛP-z=¤-¤-fÞz-q-»Ûm-m-ÅP-ZÛm-ºIï¤Å-fÞz-qºÛ-ºzh-z¯ôm-ŸÝ-Mã-»Ûmü zôh-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-IôÅ-VôhzŸG-qºÛ-hGôPÅ-hôm-zŸÛm-hï-¼ÛP-GÛ-±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-ºhÛ-º±ôGÅ-q-¼ïhü ±ôGÅ-ºhÝ-ºhÛºÛ-mP-¾-hGôPÅ-ºV¼-xôGÅ-zÇkô¤Å-GbmºzïzÅ-‚ãP-zŸG-q-ºhÛ-PïÅ-q¼-hÝ-¾G-zÇe¼-hGôÅ-qºÛ-FÛ¤Å-ˆÛ-mÝÅ-q-»ôh-q-ŸÛG-VGÅ-ˆÛ-»ôh-q-¤-¼ïh-hïü ºôm-ˆP-¤-ºôPÅqºÛ-z;º-ÁG-hP-uÛ-ºfÞÅü hï-zŸÛm-¾Å-ˆÛ-Çoï-¤ô-z-±P-¤ºÛ-PôÅ-mÅ-fÞGÅ-ÇoP-GmP-hGôÅ-Mã-ŸÛG-hP-ü ¿ËG-q¼-hÝ-z;º-ÁGhP-ü uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¾-¾¤-Çeôm-HÛ-»ÛG-V-ŸÛG-VGÅ-Mã-»Ûm-q¼-D-ÅïP-fôG-¤-mÅ-ŸÝÅ-»ôhü hï-¤±ßPÅ-¤-ºôPÅ-q¼-z;º-ÁG-hPuÛ-ºfÞÅ-±ôºÛ-PôÅ-mÅ-¾G-zÇe¼-GP-fÞz-q-hP-¤-fÞz-qü zÇe¼-fÞz-q-hï-zXôh-¤ïh-hP-ü zÇe¼-¤-fÞz-m-zÇe¼-¤-fÞz-qºÛ-Mã¤±m-GP-»Ûm-q-GÅ¾-qô-‚Å-bï-¤Û-¤P-¾-¾m-zl-ºyôh-q-ŸÛG-bm-bm-GmP-hGôÅ-Mã-G¾-Vïm-qô-VGÅ-zÇkh-»ôh-TïÅ-ŸÝ-Mã-»Ûmü fÞGÅ-Xï-Vï-GmP-ü 158

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

uÛ-ºfÞÅ-±ôGÅ-GŸôm-¤VôG-mÅ-xÛ-¾ô- 2010 ¾ôºÛ-zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôºÛ¤WâG-zÇkô¤Å-¤²h-ÇKô¼-fÞGÅ-Xï-Vï-ŸÝºÛ-Gb¤-zÁhü {}ü ühï-¼ÛP-¤P-G®ôºÛ-¾¤-Æô¾-¿e¼-zôh-¤Û¤P-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-mÅ-zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qô- 2010 Ç~ï-¾-;ôqÛ¼-º±ôGÅ-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-HÛ-¤WâG-zÇkô¤Å-¤²hÇKôºÛ-fôG-GÅô¾-z-zbz-q-¿e¼ü º²¤-JÀÛP-ŸÛ-zhïºÛhïh-hqôm-Vïm-qô-GŸÛÅ-‚ïÅ-zôh-¤Û-»ôPÅ-ˆÛ-VôÅÆÛh-GZÛÅ-ˆÛ-„À-m-¤ïh-qºÛ-hzÞ-ºFÛh-uÛ-mô¼-&GôPÅ-&BzÅ-¤Gôm-Vïm-qô-¤VôG-GÛÅ-hÝÅ-mÅ-hÝÅÅÞ-z;º-ÇÀôz-¾¤-Çeôm-GmP-z-hP-ü VÛzÅzNå¼-z;º-iÛm-zBPÅ-bï-z;º-ÇÀôz-¾¤-Çeôm-z;º-iÛm-z°¾-z-¾-GÝÅ-mÅ-¾G-f¾-¤ô¼-¢¼-mÅ-zôh-¤Û-»ôPÅ-ˆÛ-±z-ŸÝÅ-bïfÞGÅ-Xï-Vï-ŸïÅ-ŸÝ-Mã-»Ûmü &GôP-Å-¤VôG-¾-Ç‰m-ÅïP-hP-£GÅü ±ôGÅ-Vïm-HÛ-I-OÛG-hP-ºƒï¾-fÞGÅ-Xï-Vï-ŸÝ-»Þ¾-Ç~ï-¾-;ô-qÛ-¾ÞGÅ-zhï-GZÛÅˆÛ-Å-GmÅ-ºGô-º²Ûm-¾Å-DÞPÅ-ˆÛ-Ez-DôPÅ-ÅÞ-»ôh-qºÛ-z=-ÁÛÅ-¿Ëàm-qô-hGôm-qü Åï-¼-‚ïÅ-Ç¨h-GZÛÅ-hP-„À-uÛü n¤-Iô¾JÀÛP-hGôm-qü Å-B-hGôm-qü ;¤-±P-a-¾ïm-^ºÛ-hGôm-qü ºƒâG-q-z;º-zMãh-hGôm-qü ºƒÛ-GÝP-z;º-zMãh-hGôm-qü ÅGmÅ-ÅÞ-GmÅ-»ôh-qºÛ-ÇÀôz-IÔ-DG GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤-»Ûm-qºÛ-±ôGÅ-q-DG uÛ-¤Û-zM-hqômü ¤Û-¤P-»ôPÅ-mÅ-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm±ôGÅ-ˆÛÅ-¼ï-z-‚Å-q-¾Å-¿ËG-TÛG-Mz-Bô¼-GTÛG-zOÛ¾-HÛ-mÝÅ-qºÛ-fôG-mÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-ºhÛ-º±ôGÅ-fÞz-q-‚ãP-z-hï-¾-n¤-q¿Ëm-MÅ-±P-¤-¾-Ç‰ÛP-fG-q-mÅ-fÞGÅ-Xï-Vï-GmP-ŸÝ-Mã-»Ûmü ±ôGÅ-Vïm-HÛ-I-OÛG-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-fôG-mÅ-P-±ô-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-Ç+Ý-±z-D-ÁÅ-ÁÛG-Å-GmÅ-ÅÞ-zT¼-zºÛ-Ç+zÅhï-¾ü Åï-¼-‚ïÅ-Ç¨Ç¨h-IÔ-±P-mÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-º±ôGÅ-Å-hP-ü hï-zŸÛm-ºIô-ÅôP-»ôPÅ-µôGÅ-IÔ-±P-¼P-mÅ-I-OÛG-GmP-GÛ159

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

»Ûm-ŸïÅ-z;º-GmP-z-hï-¾-PÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-ºhÛºÛ-fôG-mÅ-Åï-¼Ð-‚ïÅ-Ç¨Ç¨h-IÔ-±P-GÛ-¤Dm-¼Ûm-qô-Vï-n¤-q-GZÛÅ-G®ôÅ-qºÛ-±P¤-¾-Ç‰ÛP-fG-q-mÅ-fÞGÅ-Xï-Vï-ŸïÅ-ŸÝ-Mã-»Ûmü Ç+zÅ-hï¼-»P-DôP-n¤-q-¾-fÞGÅ-Xï-Vï-ŸÝÅ-q-hP-£GÅ-Ç‰m-ÅïP-ŸÝ-Mã-‚ãP-¾ü h-¾m-±ôGÅ-Vïm-ºhÛ-¿e-zÞ-º±ôGÅq-hï-zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-GZÛÅ-ˆÛ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-ŸÛG-»Ûm-qºÛ-Mã-¤±m-¾-zdïm-bïü ±ôGÅ-Vïm-HÛ-ºGm-DÞ¼-V-±P-z-Åï-¼-¾-zŸGmºP-ºIÛG-GÛ-¤Û-ºhÝG-TïÅ-ŸÝÅ-q-»Ûmü hï¼-zdïm-±ôGÅ-Vïm-HÛ-hzÞ-º‚ïh-¤²h-ÇKô-zhï-BÛh-ÇÀ¼-GÅôºÛ-¤Û-¤P-GÛ-±ôGÅ-DPmP-hÝ-±ßGÅ-q-¼ïhü hzÞ-º‚ïh-¤²h-ÇKôºÛ-Ç+zÅ-ˆÛ-I-OÛG-»ôPÅ-µôGÅ-zhï-BÛh-ÇÀ¼-GÅôºÛ-GŸÛÅ-VGÅ-ˆÛ-Å-GmÅ-ºGô-º²ÛmhP-¤Z¤-ºƒï¾ü uÛ-¤Û-zM-hqôm-n¤-qÅ-ºGm-V-±P-zŸïÅ-qºÛ-fôG-mÅ-I-OÛG-»G-qô-GmP-z-hï-¾-PÅ-±P-¤¼-fÞGÅ-XïVï-ŸïÅ-ŸÝ-Mã-»Ûmü hï-¼ÛP-±ôGÅ-Vïm-HÛ-¤WâG-zÇkô¤Å-hï-Åï-¼-„À-uÛºÛ-mP-¾-º±ôGÅ-fÞz-q-hP-ü ºhÛ¼-I-OÛG-V-±P-¾ÞGÅ-zÅ¤-Å-GmÅºGô-º²Ûm-¾Å-DÞPÅ-G®ôÅ-qºÛ-Åï-¼-„À-uÛºÛ-fôG-mÅ-fÞGÅ-ºGm-zŸïÅ-bï-¾ïGÅ-Iâz-»G-qô-ŸÛG-‚ãP-fÞz-q-hï-¾-ºƒï¾-»ôh-n¤Å¾-Ç‰ÛP-fG-q-mÅ-fÞGÅ-Xï-Vï-ŸïÅ-ŸÝ-Mã-»Ûmü h-¾m-HÛ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-ºhÛ-hPôÅ-GmÅ-iP-GmÅ-¤ÛP-®¤-¤-»Ûm-q¼-hôm-HÛ-fôGmÅ-»Ûm-mºP-GŸÝP-¤P-GZÛÅ-ˆÛ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-ŸÛG-hP-ü hï-»P-hzÞ-º²âGÅ-‚ïh-Å-hï-¤Û-¤P-GÛ-±ôGÅ-DP-hP-¤WâG-zOÛ¾-Åhï-„À-uÛºÛ-mP-¾-‚ãP-zºÛ-Mã-¤±m-¾-z¿eÅ-m-zôh-VôÅ-ÆÛh-GZÛÅ-ˆÛ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-»P-hG-q-ŸÛG-‚ãP-ÅôP-ŸïÅ-ºƒï¾-»ôh-±P-¤¾-»P-zB¼-fÞGÅ-Xï-Vï-ŸÝ-Mã-»Ûmü uÛ-mô¼-7GôP-Å-7BzÅ-¤Gôm-¼Ûm-qô-Vï-¤VôG ±ôGÅ-VßP-DG-ºhÛ-±ô-¤Û-¤P-GP-¤P-¤P-ŸÛG-GÛÅ-¤fôP-Å-ŸÛG-hPü IôÅ-zÇkÝ¼-‚ãP-zºÛ-Ç+zÅ-¾-»Ûm-mºP-¼ïhü V-ÁÅ-¾ïm-Ç+zÅ-»Ûm-mºP-¼ïhü ¤Û-¤P-GÛÅ-ÁïÅ-±ô¼-‚ãP-m-zÅ¤Å-bï±ôGÅ-VßP-DG-zMh-º±ôGÅ-Åü zhï-ÇÀ¼-IôP-Çkï-¿S-qü zhï-ÇÀ¼-IôP-Çkï-zŸÛ-qü ¾ÞGÅ-zÅ¤-IôP-Çkï-hP-qôü zhï-ÇÀ¼-IôPÇkï-GÅÞ¤-qü ¾ÞGÅ-zÅ¤-IôP-Çkï-GÅÞ¤-qü zhï-ÇÀ¼-IôP-Çkï-hGÝ-qü zhï-ÇÀ¼-IôP-Çkï-zTß-zŸÛü Ç¨m-DP-GÛ-±ôGÅ-DPzTÅ-¾-±ßGÅ-q-¼ïhü ±ôGÅ-VßP-º±ôGÅ-ÅºÛ-I-OÛG-»ôPÅ-µôGÅ-GŸÛÅ-IôP-Åô-ÅôºÛ-uÛ-¤ÛºÛ-fôG-mÅ-ºGm-V-±P-zŸïÅ-bïü MP-zOGÅ-¾-ÅôGÅ-qºÛ-¤fÞm-Aïm-hP-ü ZÛm-GÝP-GÅô¾-±ÛGÅü GÅô¾-W-V-±P-¤Û-¤P-¼P-GÛ-fôG-mÅ-ºGm-ºEï¼-bï-Ÿïqô-»G-qô-GmP-ÅôP-ü hï-ºi-ÅôP-®P-ü 7BzÅ-¤Gôm-¼Ûm-qô-VïºÛ-hzÞ-zŸÝGÅ-fôG-hï-¼ÛP-ºhÛ¼-PÅ-ºƒï¾-»ôh-uÛ-¤Û-hP-ü zMhqômü ¤Û-¤P-±P-¤¼-zôh-¤Û-¤P-uÛ-ºfÞÅ-¿Ëm-±ôGÅ-ˆÛ-±z-ŸÝÅ-bï-fÞGÅ-Xï-Vï-ŸÝ-Mã-»Ûmü uÛ¼-zbP-GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-hP-GŸÝP-ºƒï¾-¤Ûm-qü ¤Û-¤P-»ôPÅ-µôGÅ-ˆÛ-fôG-mÅ-hP-ü ¿ËG-q¼-hÝ-±ôGÅ-iâP-¾ÅDÞPÅ-ÁÛG-±ôGÅ-Vïm-HÛ-¾Å-hôm-hP-ºƒï¾-zºÛ-fôG-mÅ-º²âGÅ-hGôÅ-qºÛ-Ç+zÅ-ÅÞ-¾ÞGÅ-zÅ¤-¤Z¤-£ï¾-HÛ-fôG-mÅ-DP-DÞPÅG»¼-GmP-z-®¤-¤-¸h-JÀôG->Àh-ÅôGÅ-ˆÛ-¤fÞm-ºHã¼-V-±P-GmP-ÅôP-zÅü PÅ-Ç‰ÛP-fG-q-mÅ-fÞGÅ-Xï-Vï-ŸÝ-Mã-»Ûmü hq¾160

zôh-GŸÝP-¤P-M¾-»ôPÅ-±ôGÅ-Vïm-fïPÅ-hP-qôü 2010

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