Urban Design Project Studio _ XJTLU 2016-17 by christian nolf

JIANGNAN WETLANDS AND WATER VILLAGES URBAN DESIGN STRATEGIES IN A TRANSFORMING YANGTZE RIVER DELTA

STUDIO CDE306 (16/17) URBAN DESIGN PROJECT

JIANGNAN WETLANDS AND WATER VILLAGES URBAN DESIGN STRATEGIES IN A TRANSFORMING YANGTZE RIVER DELTA

01 02 03

THE EAST-WEST TRANSECT FIELDWORK-INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP URBAN DESIGN PROJECTS

ROUTE 1: ECOLOGY Yanyuan Zheng, Wentao Shen, Zhao Wu

ROUTE 5: URBAN EDGE Yichen Tian, Zhanglijun Shao, Zicheng Xu

ROUTE 2: AGRICULTURE Che Wang, Yingxuan Mou, Zaozao Wang

ROUTE 6: WATER Daidai Wu, Jiangxue Han, Wenjing Qin

ROUTE 3: HERITAGE Chunyi Zou, Huazhen Ji, Tianya Xu, Zichun Yan

ROUTE 7: WATER TOWNS Mengchuan Liu, Suyuan Tong

ROUTE 4: PARKWAY Shen Shu, Wang Qi, Xuanyu Wu

CDE306 - URBAN DESIGN PROJECT

FACULTY TEAM XJTLU

STUDENTS XJTLU

BA URBAN PLANNING AND DESIGN AY 16-17, Spring Semester Dept. URBAN PLANNING AND DESIGN XI’AN JIAOTONG-LIVERPOOL UNIVERSITY

ChrisƟan Nolf Paola Pellegrini Florence Vannoorbeeck

CDE306: Daidai Wu Jiangxue Han Wenjing Qin Chunyi Zou Huazhen Ji Tianya Xu Zichun Yan Yanyuan Zheng Wentao Shen Zhao Wu Che Wang Yingxuan Mou Zaozao Wang Shen Shu Wang Qi Xuanyu Wu Yichen Tian Zhanglijun Shao Zicheng Xu

FACULTY TEAM KU LEUVEN are given, made or drawn by the authors (CDE 306 studio , BNV 402 studio , Water Urbanism Studio KUL, 2017). Preparatory research work for this studio was realised with the support of the NaƟonal Science FoundaƟon of China (51550110235), the Jiangsu Province Program of Science and Technology (BK20151244), and XJTLU’s Research Development Fund (ChrisƟan Nolf Principal InvesƟgator)

Bruno De Meulder Stefanie Dens Racha Daher

JURY MEMBERS Workshop & final presentaƟons Xueming Chen, HoD UPD_XJTLU Pierre Alain Croset, HoD Arch_XJTLU Zhu Feng, Suzhou Planning Bureau Zhu Chen, Wujiang Planning Bureau Anna-Paola Pola, WHITRAP-UNESCO Enrico Fontanari, IUAV Italy Yong Wang, SUST, Suzhou Hengde Cao, SUST, Suzhou Chia-Lin Chen, UPD_XJTLU Yiwen Wang, UPD_XJTLU Federico De MaƩeis, Arch_XJTLU Glen Wash Ivanovic, Arch_XJTLU

BNV402: Mengchuan Liu Suyuan Tong TEACHING ASSISTANT: Chang Liu Daoming Chang

THE URBAN DESIGN STUDIO

METHOD

BEST PRACTICE ANALYSIS

CDE306 Urban Design Project is the last studio of the Bachelor in Urban Planning and Design Program (Option Urban Design). The learning objectives are to: 1) evaluate the quality of built environments and practice urban design techniques in a realistic setting; 2) develop analytical, design, and presentation skills; 3) develop knowledge of producing a documentary video that records detailed observation of a site and identify key issues of concern with respect to the site; 4) understand the social, economic and political production of space and have tools to influence this production; 5) understand the procedures and appropriate techniques required to prepare urban design guidance and proposals.

The AY16-17 studio had two main parts:

CDE306 students analysed exemplary regional and urban design projects out of a list of best practices selected by the professors. The task was to collect all necessary documentation, present the project with a critical reading, and conclude with lessons learnt for the studio project.

The site considered in AY16-17 is the Jiangnan Ecological Wetland and Water Village Cultural Zone.

- an international workshop (28/203/03/2017) involved three XJTLU studios (CDE306 Urban Design Project, CDE304 Environmental Planning, BNV402 Studio Urban Design Inquiry) and 20 visiting MSc students from the Studio Water Urbanism in KU Leuven (B) and 10 MSc students from Suzhou University of Science and Technology. During the workshop, students worked in mixed groups on the analysis of the Jiangnan area and the identification of key issues. - Following the workshop, the different modules have been working in parallel on design and planning strategies at different scales. The present booklet shows the design strategies of CDE306 and BNV402.

THEMATIC ROUTES and PROJECTS Students have formed 7 thematic groups: agriculture, ecology, water, parkway, culture and heritage, urban-rural fringe, and water towns. Addressing questions related to their topic, each thematic group defined a relevant â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;routeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; within the east-west transect and selected strategic sites for individual projects.

01 THE EAST WEST TRANSECT

The studio focuses on a vast green area envisioned as the “Jiangnan Ecological Wetland & Water Village Cultural Zone” in Suzhou’s latest strategic plan (2014). This low-lying area, which corresponds to the ‘central depressed zone’ of the Yangtze River Delta, is characterized by a unique water landscape composed of a fine-grained mix of lakes, fishponds and poldered farmlands.

This landscape interweaves linear settlements, ancient water towns and small industries, contrasting with the rigidly zoned and generic urbanisation patterns that were developed in the last few decades. Recent planning visions call for the preservation of this central green area, because of its open character, its ecological role and the heritage value of both its landscape and

villages. It is seen as a potential large green belt for slow and cultural tourism at the heart of the Yangtze River Delta metropolis. This vision, however, has not yet been formalized in a concrete plan. Furthermore, the area is threatened by the development of new infrastructures (roads, railways, subways) and by the consumptive urbanization plans of the surrounding cities and towns.

10km

1909 9

The studio investigates how the development pressure in this corridor can be dynamically balanced with the preservation and reinforcement of the unique productive, ecological, social and cultural qualities of its landscape. This question is addressed through analysis and design explorations

across time and scale, in order to generate scenarios and context-sensitive strategies for the sustainable development of the area. An east-west transect across the town of Wujiang (south of Suzhou) serves as a representative sample of the various conditions encountered in the transformationg area:

a developing water front on the lakeshore, an old city center, the great canal, recent industrial zones, the old water town of Tongli, and the rural areas where lakes, wetlands, and linear villages are increasingly affected by roads, industries, and recent holiday resort developments.

10km planned railway

Urban extension 2030 (in Sample 50km planned highway

planned subway

planned high speed train and subway station

How to transform a region into a regional park? A comparison of the â&#x20AC;&#x153;Jiangnan Ecological Wetland & Water Village Cultural Zoneâ&#x20AC;? with some famous regional parks helps defining the scale, scope and possible methods for a territorial project.

Emscher Park IBA, Germany (1989 to 1999) Guilin Scenic Area, China (1973- 2008) Lisieres, Grand Pari(s) France (2009) New Dutch Waterline, NL (2002-2003)

Green Heart and Randstad, NL Beijing Greenbelts, CN (1958- 2005) Territorial Plan Solento Province, It1999-2001

Emscher Park (DE)

New Dutch Waterline (NL)

Green Heart (Randstad, NL)

Guilin scenic area (CN)

Lisieres projects for Paris (FR)

Jiangnan Ecological Wetland & Water Village Cultural Zone (CN)

Beijing Green Belts (CN)

Solento Provincial Park (IT)

20x20km

ÂŠ Florence Vannoorbeeck 2017

02 FIELDWORK

The first part of the studio was concentrated in a two weeks intensive workshop (20/2 03/03/2017). It involved in total 65 students: 30 from XJTLU, 25 from KU Leuven and 10 from SUST. During the first week, students were mixed in groups of 6 to explore the area from 9 diďŹ&#x20AC;erent perspec ves: agriculture, industry, ssue, typology, infrastruc-

ture, nature, topography, water, and society. The fieldwork days were dedicated to the detailed spa al analysis and interviews of residents in six representa ve sites of 1x1 km2. In the evening, local and interna onal experts delivered lectures and provided feedback.

During the second week, an intensive â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;charre eâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; on XJTLU campus allowed students to represent their analysis in posters and models. The outcome of this intensive analy cal part was presented as an exhibi on to the directors of the local planning bureaus and to interna onal experts.

AGRICULTURE

Gradual Reduction of Agriculture

The Major Settlement in 1984

RESCALING

Result of the Lost of Productive Agriculture Land in 2016

Typology of Agriculture Urban Garden

Farming in community

Forest

Shrimp Farming Crab Farming

Chicken Farming

Paddy

Linear Farming Greenhouse

Functional Logics of the Territory From Traditional to Modern Agriculture

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PRODUCT AGRICULTURE

SUZHOU UNIVERSITY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: Prof. Yong Wang :,6.7 ^ 74$#0 2.#00+0) #0& &'5+)0 XJTLU Research Development Fund Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Program

KU LEUVEN: Prof. Bruno De Meulder, Racha Daher, Stefanie Dens XJTLU UPD: Dr. Christian Nolf (CDE306 & BNV402), Dr. Chia-Lin Chen (CDE304) STUDIO SUPPORT: Daoming Chang, Chang Liu, Florence Vannoorbeeck, Dr. Yiwen Wang

TOPIC 1: Wan Bao, Zaozao Wang, Santiago Molano TOPIC 2: Shaohua Hu, Iosif Athanasiou, Yuhan Huang, Qian Zhou

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江南生

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Jiangnan Ecological Wetland & Water Village Cultural Zone, Suzhou

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF WATER URBANISM

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Jiangnan Ecological Wetland & Water Village Cultural Zone, Suzhou

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF WATER URBANISM

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SUZHOU UNIVERSITY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: Prof. Yong Wang

SUZHOU UNIVERSITY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: Prof. Yong Wang URBAN PLANNING XJTLU | AND DESIGN

XJTLU Research Development Fund E^& /ŶƚĞƌŶĂƟŽŶĂů zŽƵŶŐ ^ĐŝĞŶƟƐƚƐ &ƵŶĚ :ŝĂŶŐƐƵ WƌŽǀŝŶĐĞ ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞ ĂŶĚ dĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ WƌŽŐƌĂŵ

文化

TOPIC 1: Yizhou Liu, Nikita Shah, Zhanglijun Shao TOPIC 2: Chenchen Li, Junqi Ma, Wenjing Qin, Xinyu Xiao

URBAN PLANNING XJTLU | AND DESIGN

XJTLU Research Development Fund E^& /ŶƚĞƌŶĂƟŽŶĂů zŽƵŶŐ ^ĐŝĞŶƟƐƚƐ &ƵŶĚ :ŝĂŶŐƐƵ WƌŽǀŝŶĐĞ ^ĐŝĞŶĐĞ ĂŶĚ dĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ WƌŽŐƌĂŵ

TOPIC 1: Yizhou Liu, Nikita Shah, Zhanglijun Shao TOPIC 2: Chenchen Li, Junqi Ma, Wenjing Qin, Xinyu Xiao

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INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF WATER URBANISM

TISSUE From water to concrete

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Jiangnan Ecological Wetland & Water Village Cultural Zone, Suzhou

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF WATER URBANISM

SUZHOU UNIVERSITY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: Prof. Yong Wang

TISSUE From water to concrete

SUZHOU UNIVERSITY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: Prof. Yong Wang

TOPIC 1: Ana Maria Arcos, Che Wang, Jiangxue Han, Thaddeus Tan TOPIC II: Bruna Fregonezi, Haoqing Ma, Shery Shu

URBAN PLANNING XJTLU | AND DESIGN

TOPIC 1: Ana Maria Arcos, Che Wang, Jiangxue Han, Thaddeus Tan TOPIC II: Bruna Fregonezi, Haoqing Ma, Shery Shu

TYPOLOGY

URBAN

GOVERNMENT

LAND

RURAL

COLLECTIVE

NEW HOUSE

TRADITIONAL FISHERMANâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S HOUSE

ANCIENT HOUSE

TWO LEVEL HOUSE

2 people low price

3 families (5-9 people) 500.000 till 800.000 yuan (650 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 820 yuan/sqm)

1 people - temporary house Low price

2 people low price

8-12 200 Yyuan/year

2 people RS Â˝RERGMEP MRJSVQEXMSR

OWNERSHIP

LAND

GOVERNANCE

ANCIENT HOUSE

HOUSING

Urban Rural

GOVERNMENT

HOUSING

FARMER AND GOVERNMENT

EVOLUTION

BUILDINGCODES

HOUSEHOLD AND GOVERNMENT

L: max 200 sq/m M: max 170 sq/m S: max 120 sq/m

HOUSEHOLD AND GOVERNMENT

L: av 150 sq/m M: 90-120 sq/m S: >60 sq/m

Height: max 2 Floors 8,8m

CHARACTERISTICS

Section corridor

LOCATION

C2 B2

? ?

???

1000m

2000m

3000m

4000m

5000m

6000m

7000m

8000m

9000m

10000m

11000m

12000m

13000m

14000m

15000m

16000m

1000m

2000m

3000m

4000m

5000m

6000m

7000m

8000m

9000m

10000m

11000m

12000m

13000m

14000m

15000m

TRADITIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SHOP

DORMITORY IN FACTORY

APARTMENT

TRADITIONAL

2 - 3 people - illegal house low price â&#x20AC;&#x201C; value around 5000 yuan

36 people ( 9 rooms - 4 people/unit) part of salary

2 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 6 people 500.000 yuan

2 people buying: 2000 yuan/sqm, - renting: 4000 yuan/month (shop)

16000m

LOCATION

Year 2003

CHARACTERISTICS

RESIDENTS TYPE and MULTIPURPOSE TYPE

Year 2009

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EVOLUTION

Year 2016

ŐĽĎ&#x2019;Ĺ&#x20AC;Ń?ŕĽťĹ&#x17E;Ç&#x152;ŕ§?Ç&#x160;Í&#x201C;É Jiangnan Ecological Wetland & Water Village Cultural Zone, Suzhou

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF WATER URBANISM

BUILDING TYPOLOGIES Housing dynamics in a dual landscape: relocation, upscaling, ...

ŐĽĎ&#x2019;Ĺ&#x20AC;Ń?ŕĽťĹ&#x17E;Ç&#x152;ŕ§?Ç&#x160;Í&#x201C;É Jiangnan Ecological Wetland & Water Village Cultural Zone, Suzhou

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF WATER URBANISM

SUZHOU UNIVERSITY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: Prof. Yong Wang URBAN PLANNING XJTLU | AND DESIGN

XJTLU Research Development Fund E^F /nternaĆ&#x;onal zounĹ? ^cĹ?enĆ&#x;sts Fund JĹ?anĹ?su WrovĹ?nce ^cĹ?ence and TechnoloĹ?Ç&#x2021; WroĹ?ram

BUILDING TYPOLOGIES Housing dynamics in a dual landscape: relocation, upscaling, ...

SUZHOU UNIVERSITY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: Prof. Yong Wang

TOPIC 1: Samrawit Yohannes Youseph, Christel Mayalian, Huazhen Ji, Yingxuan Mou. TOPIC 2: Zheng Yue, Zicheng Xu, Yichen Tian , Nicholas Jacobs.

URBAN PLANNING XJTLU | AND DESIGN

XJTLU Research Development Fund E^F /nternaĆ&#x;onal zounĹ? ^cĹ?enĆ&#x;sts Fund JĹ?anĹ?su WrovĹ?nce ^cĹ?ence and TechnoloĹ?Ç&#x2021; WroĹ?ram

TOPIC 1: Samrawit Yohannes Youseph, Christel Mayalian, Huazhen Ji, Yingxuan Mou. TOPIC 2: Zheng Yue, Zicheng Xu, Yichen Tian , Nicholas Jacobs.

INFRASTRUCTURE

THE SOVIET MAP

EVOLUTION -

- WATER AS INFRASTRUCTURE

THE SHIFT OF TRANSPORTATION AND THE REPLACEMENTS

Main Road Local Road Great canal Dike Bridge

15 Km

NORTH - SOUTH CONNECTION

10 Km

TRADTIONAL WATER WAYS

TRADITIONAL PATHWAY

MODERN WATER WAYS

MODERN ROAD

SITE SCALE - INFRASTRUCTURE AS COLLECTORS

5 Km

- THE DIRECTION OF CITY DEVELOPMENT IN RELATION WITH INFRASTRUCTURE

Bridge North - South Link Primary Road 1 North - South Link Local Road 1 North - South Link Primary Road 2 North - South Link Local Road 2 North - South Link Primary Road 3 North - South Link Local Road 3 North - South Link Primary Road 4 North - South Link Local Road 4

EAST - WEST CORRIDOR CONNECTION

FISH POND

AGRICULTURE

AGRICULTURE FENCES / PRIVATE SPACE COMMERCIAL

North - South Link Local Road 5

COMMERCIAL

North - South Link Primary Road 6

GREENERY

North - South Link Local Road 6

BORDER OF HOUSES

North - South Link Local Road 7

10km

GATHERING POINT PEDESTRIAN CAR TRAFFIC AND SPEED

FISH POND

FENCES / PRIVATE SPACE

North - South Link Primary Road 7

GATHERING POINT PEDESTRIAN CAR TRAFFIC AND SPEED

North - South Link Primary Road 5

A1 - WATER AS THE BASE

GREENERY BORDER OF HOUSES

C1 - NEW ROAD NEW LIFE

B1 - INFRASTRUCTURE AS COLLECTIVE SPACES

- INFRASTRUCTURE AS A LINK OF OLD TOWNS

Bridge

GATHERING POINT PEDESTRIAN

East - West Link Primary Road 2

CAR TRAFFIC AND SPEED

East - West Link Local Road 2

FISH POND

East - West Link Primary Road 1

10km

East - West Link Local Road 1

East - West Link Primary Road 3

AGRICULTURE

East - West Link Local Road 3

FENCES / PRIVATE SPACE

East - West Link Primary 4

COMMERCIAL

East - West Link Local Road 4

AGRICULTURE

GREENERY

BORDER OF HOUSES

ROAD HIERARCHY AND WATER SYSTEM

- WATER AS BARRIER

A2 - INFRASTRUCTURE GENERATES FORMAL AND INFORMAL ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES

TRADITION VS MODERNITY

BORDER OF HOUSES

C2 - THE CIVIC SPINE AND ENVIRONMENTAL IGNORANCE

B2 - SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPROVEMENT

- INFRASTRUCTURE AS MODERNIZATION MACHINE

Turning Point Bridge Harbour Boat lines Regional Link Road Primary - Grid Link Road Secondary Road Thirdary Road

VILLAGES

PRODUCTIVE LANDSCAPE

COMMON SPACE

CAR PARKING LOT

INDUSTRY

10km

Neighborhood Street

MODERN HOUSES

INDUSTRY

HOUSES

INDUSTRY

INFORMAL MARKET

INDUSTRY

MODERN HOUSES

SECTION B2 - TRADITION MEETS MODERNITY - INFORMAL MARKET ALONG HIGHWAY

A2 SECION - BRIDGE AS THE LINK AND PEOPLE COLLECTOR

Jiangnan Ecological Wetland & Water Village Cultural Zone, Suzhou

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF WATER URBANISM SUZHOU UNIVERSITY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: Prof. Yong Wang URBAN PLANNING XJTLU | AND DESIGN

XJTLU Research Development Fund NSFC International Young Scientists Fund Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Program

Jiangnan Ecological Wetland & Water Village Cultural Zone, Suzhou

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF WATER URBANISM SUZHOU UNIVERSITY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: Prof. Yong Wang URBAN PLANNING XJTLU | AND DESIGN

XJTLU Research Development Fund NSFC International Young Scientists Fund Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Program

NATURE

TOPOGRAPHY

1864

1893

1920

1927

1967

1984

B2&C2

1990

2002

2009

2016

եϒŀяॻŞǌ্Ǌ͓ɭ Jiangnan Ecological Wetland & Water Village Cultural Zone, Suzhou

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF WATER URBANISM

ITERATION OF WATER, LAND, AND CONCRETE IN LIQUID TERRITORY Topography and Soil

եϒŀяॻŞǌ্Ǌ͓ɭ Jiangnan Ecological Wetland & Water Village Cultural Zone, Suzhou

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF WATER URBANISM

SUZHOU UNIVERSITY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: Prof. Yong Wang URBAN PLANNING XJTLU | AND DESIGN

XJTLU Research Development Fund E^F /nternaƟonal zounŐ ^cŝenƟsts Fund JŝanŐsu Wrovŝnce ^cŝence and TechnoloŐǇ WroŐram

ITERATION OF WATER, LAND, AND CONCRETE IN LIQUID TERRITORY Topography and Soil

SUZHOU UNIVERSITY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: Prof. Yong Wang

TOPIC 1: Hash Lakhani, Qi Wang, Tianya Xu TOPIC 2: Minh Phuoc Vu, Shanging Gao, Yang Zhang, Miao He

URBAN PLANNING XJTLU | AND DESIGN

XJTLU Research Development Fund E^F /nternaƟonal zounŐ ^cŝenƟsts Fund JŝanŐsu Wrovŝnce ^cŝence and TechnoloŐǇ WroŐram

TOPIC 1: Hash Lakhani, Qi Wang, Tianya Xu TOPIC 2: Minh Phuoc Vu, Shanging Gao, Yang Zhang, Miao He

WATER

SOCIETY

SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION IN: Tuncun Village 0

Rural Area 200

400

800

1km

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPATIAL USAGE AND SOCIAL MECHANISM

Industrial Area 200

400

800

1km

200

400

800

1km

The Island of Living, Sleeping and Crossing: Tong Li 0

200

400

The Village Dormitory: The eco-system of Industry and Modern Village

800

1km

200

400

800

The Fragmented Communities: Families behind Land Transfer Process

800

1km

200

400

800

1km

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Urban Building

Rural housing

Relocation area

Farmland

Fish pond

Urban area

Canal

Industry

Urban Building

Rural housing

Relocation area

Farmland

Fish pond

Urban area

Canal

Industry

Urban Building

Rural housing

Relocation area

Farmland

Fish pond

Urban area

Canal

Industry

Renovated rural paths

Development Edge

9:00 - 16:00

industry

Garage for rent

Rural housing

Young Locals

Rooms for rent

Portrayals of Interviewees: Life Stories of Different generations

Starting point

Public Toilet

Modern housing

9:00 - 16:00

Aged Locals

Migrants

16:00- 23:00

Vegetable gardens

Highway

Destination

Farmland

16:00- 23:00

Portrayals of Interviewees: Stories of Daily Activites and Local Context

Housing Occupation Structure

Social Transformation: Diagram of An Interplay between Actors and Policy

Underlying Social Mechanism diagrams: The Interplay between Preservation and Development

The Interplay between Land Transfer/ Income and Properties Structure

Government/ Industry and Village Cooperation to modernise the village /ŶĐŽŵĞ ĨƌŽŵ ĨĂĐƚŽƌŝĞƐ /ŶĐŽŵĞ ĨƌŽŵ ĂŐƌŝĐƵůƚƵƌĞ

YOUNG PEOPLE FLOW

Income

RENTING

NEW MIGRANTS FLOW

Renting

Modern/ Centralised Agriculture + Rural Development

PUBLIC SPACE

Migrants

>ĞĂƐĞ ůĂŶĚ

Government

OLD PEOPLE YOUNG PEOPLE

OLD PEOPLE FLOW

Farming

SD (2015) Scheme of Comprehensive Reform

ctive

ĂŶ Ă ĂŶĂĂů Ăů ĂŶĂů team

Workhop boss

Public blic lic icc FFacility acility i

ing

welfares

LOCAL PEOPLE

team

Small workshops ,ŽƵƐŝŶ

Ő ĨŽƌ ǁ ŽƌŬĞƌƐ

ĐŬ ďĂ ĞǇ ŽŶ Ě ŵ ^ĞŶ

Apartment

Preservation GOVERNMENT policies

Ž ŵĨ Žƌƚ

ctive

Rural house

Revenue from tourism

CROSSING ISLAND

Ɛ ĂŶĚ Ğŵ Ɛͬ :Žď

king Wor

Produ

Village

MIGRANTS

Resettlement+ Compensation

Land Transfer+

KůĚ KůĚ ,ŽƵƐĞ , ƐĞĞ

Rent

+ welfares

Agriculture Company

Factory

Migrants in Cities Land Transfer

,ŽƵƐĞ ĨŽƌ ƐĞůĨͲůŝǀŝŶŐ ĐŽ Đ ŶŽŵ Ǉ

ĂŶĂů ĂŶĂů Produ

SMG (2016) Policy of Rural Land Management Right Identification

Suzhou Municipality Government

traditional house

,ŽƵƐĞ ĨŽƌ ƌĞŶƟŶŐ

ZĞŶŽ ǀĂƟŽ Ŷ

Factories

ŶĂŶĐĞ

SD (2008) Outline of Land Use (2006-2020)

space along river

EXPRESSWAY

tive team

DĂŝŶƚĞ

INDUSTRY

Produc

ng Worki

STORES

Well managed farmers ing Rent

^dKZ ^

Ɛ ŝƟĞĞƐ ŶŝƟ ŽƚƵ KƉƉ

SD (2002) Law of Rural Land Contract of PRC

squares, plazas

STORES

SMG

Ǉ ŶŽŵ ĐŽ dĂǆ

NEW MIGRANTS

ĂŶĐĞ ŶƚĞŶ DĂŝ

Village

LIVING ISLAND

Migrants to other places

SLEEPING ISLAND 1979

2000s

2017

Corridor Scale Flows

More accessible residence permits since 1990’, segregation from social welfare remains

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HUJI SYSTEM since 1958 assigns a hukou, urban or rural to each person

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ONE CHILD POLICY (1980 – 2015)

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1978 Deng Xiaping starts economic reforms known as “Reform and Opening Up”

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Decollectivization of agriculture

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Opening up to foreign investment

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Entrepreneurs start businesses

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timellinee timeline

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Local Population of Suzhou Region '000

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INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF WATER URBANISM

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Souzhou Region Nominal GDP growth %

Jiangnan Ecological Wetland & Water Village Cultural Zone, Suzhou

Society

INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF WATER URBANISM

Society

SUZHOU UNIVERSITY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: Prof. Yong Wang

XJTLU Research Development Fund E^F /nternaƟonal zounŐ ^cŝenƟsts Fund JŝanŐsu Wrovŝnce ^cŝence and TechnoloŐǇ WroŐram

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Jiangnan Ecological Wetland & Water Village Cultural Zone, Suzhou

URBAN PLANNING XJTLU | AND DESIGN

China Birth Rate per 1000

TOPIC 1: Chen Sixuan Wu Daidai Chau Nguyen TOPIC 2: Koukoui Olga Ye Huazhou Shen Wentao Niu Junjing

URBAN PLANNING XJTLU | AND DESIGN

XJTLU Research Development Fund E^F /nternaƟonal zounŐ ^cŝenƟsts Fund JŝanŐsu Wrovŝnce ^cŝence and TechnoloŐǇ WroŐram

TOPIC 1: Chen Sixuan Wu Daidai Chau Nguyen TOPIC 2: Koukoui Olga Ye Huazhou Shen Wentao Niu Junjing

SOCIETY

THEMATIC ROUTES 36

ROUTE 1: ECOLOGY

ROUTE 2: AGRICULTURE

ROUTE 3: HERITAGE

Yanyuan Zheng, Wentao Shen, Zhao Wu

Che Wang, Yingxuan Mou, Zaozao Wang

Chunyi Zou, Huazhen Ji, Tianya Xu, Zichun Yan

03 URBAN DESIGN PROJECTS

Emscher Park (D)

Dutch Waterline (NL)

ROUTE 4: PARKWAY

ROUTE 5: URBAN EDGE

Shen Shu, Wang Qi, Xuanyu Wu

Yichen Tian, Zhanglijun Shao, Zicheng Xu

ROUTE 6: WATER ROUTE 7: WATER TOWNS Daidai Wu, Jiangxue Han, Wenjing Qin

Mengchuan Liu, Suyuan Tong

THEMATIC PROJECTS - ROUTES Students formed 7 thematic groups: agriculture, ecology, water, parkway, culture and heritage, urban-rural fringe, and water towns. Addressing questions related to their topic, each thematic group defines a relevant ‘route’ and selects strategic sites for individual projects.

agriculture Are there alternatives between traditional modes of farming and the modern model of intensive mono-culture? How could on-site agricultural production + the processing + the services (market, agro-tourism, education, etc.) be integrated and contribute to the identity and attractiveness of the region?

urban-rural fringe The aim of these design explorations is to The urban-rural fringe can be described evaluate the capacity of the region to develop in response to specific challenges. But as the “landscape interface between town as a collective exercise, these design explora- and country”, or also as the transition zone where urban and rural uses mix and often tion also indicate how different thematic clash. Alternatively, it can be viewed as a projects are in conflict, or on the contrary landscape type in its own, forged from an present complementarities that allow for interaction of urban and rural land uses. synergies. A collective model compiling all thematic routes and projects represents this How can this space be active and useful? collective studio effort. culture and heritage Both the wetland and the water villages of the whole Jiangnan area can be considered heritage. How could their characteristics be preserved considering development pressure?

water Water is not only the key-element explaning the origin and development of the whole region. It is also associated to crucial flood risk, water quality, and ecological challenges. How to address these challenges and at the same time enhance the experience of water? parkway The region recently got crisscrossed by a dense mesh of important roads. How to maximizing the scenic experience of the landscape from the road for both the Fast and Slow mobility networks? How can road infrastructure and facilities such as parking lots play a role as public space? ecology The massive wave of urbanisation and road construction in the area has disrupted important ecological continuities. How to reconnect existing green patches into a network to support habitats and ecologic processes? How to reconnect Taihu lake coastland and the inner wetland area? water towns Famous water towns like Tongli are major touristic attractions in the region. Yet, their visitors ignore the surrounding rural landscape and villages. How could the water towns be interconnected as gates to the region and inspire alternative, more sustainable forms of tourism?

The ecology route starts from Wujiang schematic plan of three ecological corridors. The route aims to propose a robust network of blue-green spaces from Taihu lake to the Jiangnan ponds, that simultaneously provides supports for ecological habitats, structures future development and uncovers new potentialities for alternative developments. The thematic route combines two main concepts

to establish some ecological corridor: from urban to rural – the green connection from east to west – and from a line to a spine – the green connection from north to south. The central part of the corridor proposes to link the city with the river with the renaturalization of canal and various types of ecological spaces during the transition from urban area to rural land.

The east-west transect with the thema c route and the individual projects.

The eastern part of the corridor focuses on the ‘rural’ area and the existing highway which is a barrier and isolates the ecological patches. The strategy reconnects these patches through eco-duct. The north-south corridor identifies the potential green areas along the existing motorway and the Great canal, and connects them together, as they are few and not connected.

ROUTE ECOLOGY

Yanyuan Zheng, Zhao Wu, Wentao Shen

The project wants to establish an ecological connection between Tai Lake and Jiangnan Ponds. The project makes a blue green axis from east to west, from urban to rural, renaturalizing the canals and their surrounding areas. The project explores the potentialities of transformation both downtown and in the industrial zones to transit from Wujiang Tai

Lake New City to the eastern rural area. To better organize and integrate city and water, this corridor is divided into three categories: Urban Linear Park, Ecological Filter Park and Recreation Lake Park. Mainly exploiting the undeveloped lands in industrial zone, the spaces are reconstructed on the basis of 3 principles:

1. to transform the vertical stony banks into more soft and natural ones, with bio-swale and wetlands, which result in better ecological environment for people and fauna. 2. to demolish fences and barriers, the canal is modified with sinuosity and creates different spaces for both flora and fauna. 3. to improve water quality, filter process of water is applied with vertical filter system by various plants and eco-island and wet land are realized.

FROM LAKE TO LAKE Yanyuan Zheng

The project wants to realize a sequence of green areas in order to define a natural system in a noth-south corridor. The system is made by the Great Canal and the Changtai Highway, that can be combined to form the â&#x20AC;&#x153;spineâ&#x20AC;? of the corridor. The design is conceived in different phases: mapping of the existing green areas (underused areas, natural areas, leftover areas), assessment and selection of which can be used

to form the spine, addition of some more green areas (patches) in order to establish some continuity and rhythm, renaturalization of the areas, using connection, forests, increase of space for greenery. To achieve the goal the project uses 5 elements: canal to road connection, more green along the waters, connection to surrounding areas, part of agricultural fields transformed into green spaces, paths and tree lines to

connect the discontinuous green spaces. The project have developed the idea in a specific site, which is a undeveloped plot in the industrial area along the Great Canal. The project depollutes the area and realize some public green spaces, available for workers and visitors. The site should have the impact of activating the whole sequence of corridor spaces.

FROM LINE TO SPINE Zhao Wu

The project selects a linear area northwest of Nanxing Lake, across Silitong Road and Yaobei Road. The first reason for this selection is the good connection with the east-west ecological corridor, which can guarantee ecological continuity. Secondly, in the future the land south of the site will be

transformed into a lake so that the site will have direct water access and interaction. The proposal focuses on transforming the land pattern, creating physical continuity using green lands, green lanes, ecoducts and a more supportive living atmosphere for all species (human included) of the ecology in

Jiangnan area. The main change the project proposes is the transformation of the linear area from agricultural land to a forest park, which is expected to provide an habitat for wild-life and thus result in a micro ecosystem in the small range.

FROM RURAL TO FOREST Wentao Shen

Agriculture development is facing many challenges in Jiangnan area. One of these challenges is urban sprawl, which has occupied the farmland massively in recent years. Another challenge is people choice: agriculture activities are considered not profitable enough and so people move away from rural areas. More importantly, urban life and rural production are not integrated enough. The intention of the project is to valorize

the agriculture activity in the Jiangnan area and demonstrate how it can be combined to recreational, residential, mobility functions. The agriculture route connects water-towns such as Tongli and Zhouzhuang. Both car routes and bicycle paths are proposed in order to provide different experience and mobility options along the route. Each site along the route has the potential to become a productive and sustainable area

The east-west transect with the themaĆ&#x;c route and the individual projects.

with an own theme. The west site selected focuses on urban farming, trying to deal with the relationship between agriculture and urban peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s life. The middle site focuses on multifunctional development at the crossing of main roads and water system. The east one tries to create a productive lake from the original agricultural system rather than a purely cosmetic and recreational area.

ROUTE AGRICULTURE Che Wang, Yingxuan Mou, Zaozao Wang

Generally the museum is regarded as the demonstration of noble sentiments of individuals and communities. The cultural attitude of â&#x20AC;&#x153;Holier-than-thouâ&#x20AC;? reflected by the museum is an embodiment of isolation from life. However, art as experience shall not be separated from mundane life. Therefore, the project designs a new concept of museum â&#x20AC;&#x201C; recording such life experience and recovering the aesthetic experience and the

continuity between normal processes in life. The project is located in the buffering zone between the Tongli Old Town and the new urban area. Although the local agricultural civilisation here has a long history, it is declining under the pressure of industrialisation and urbanisation and the agricultural landscape may disappear in the next generation. Simultaneously, transportation advantages (new metro, new road) brought by the

new development will probably enable this place to become a vital node, connecting Taihu with Suzhou and Tongli ancient town. The purpose of this project, reflected on the title of the proposal, is to help locals retain their memories of agricultural civilisation and provide tourists more intuitive aesthetic experience of agriculture civilisation.

MUNDANE CULTIVATION MUSEUM Zaozao Wang

The site of the project is between two lakes, Tongli Lake and Nanxing Lake. Currently it is not well developed. Two main roads cross the site, providing opportunities as well as challenges: on the one hand, it provides convenient transportation, on the other hand, it ruins the natural atmosphere. According to the plan from the government, factories here will be demolished in the future gradually, leading to the problem how to deal with the buildings remained on site, and also how

to further promote the development of this area. The project proposes for the site a demonstrative agro-center for multifunctions. The project uses the water system and the road structure and tries to connect the two lakes using public areas and agriculturerelated activities. Bike lane is designed to provide another option for people to go through this area. A market for both locals and tourists is de-

signed, based on the structure of the factory at the crossing. In addition, vending boats and boat restaurants can make this place more active. Furthermore, an indoor museum together with the large open-air museum is designed to increase the value of this area; a pedestrian bridge on the top of museum provides a special experience for people.

THE AGRO CENTER Yingxuan Mou

With the rapid urbanization, many productive areas (e.g. farmland and fish ponds) are replaced by â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;more valuableâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; constructions (e.g. restaurants). On of these area which are going to be replaced is the Taishi Lake, which has long history and its pattern are a kind of traditional feature of local areas. It will be dug by the local government to become a recreational lake for tourism. This lake has good location,

as it is near a main road, universities, a new town, and also a famous water town. This location leads to a large tourism potential, which is the reason why the local government want to dig and develop it. However, this plan will totally damage the original pattern and productive areas. The project proposes a different balance between the production and the leisure for tourists; a new landscape made of 9 main

new elements, including open air museum, water market, vegetable garden, shops for tourists, picking garden, flowers on land, rape flowers on water), linear park, and floating housing. Through these new elements, the project adds new functions to productive areas to further protect them and increase the attractive lements of the agriculture area.

PRODUCTIVE LAKE Che Wang

The Southern area of the Yangtze River a lacustrine plain dotted with many lakes and swamps. In Jiangnan Region, the water system impacts every aspects of peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; life, and it has a huge influence on the local culture. The Grand Canal, dug in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, remains the main artery connecting the north and the south of China. The water network promoted agriculture in

ancient times because large stretches of land were irrigated and cultivated. The Southern area of the Yangtze River was and still is a highly productive agricultural zone and a relevant economic center. The thematic route proposes to re-qualify the existing heritage, ie some rural villages for tourism maintaining and enhancing the existing rural landscape, re-cover some part of water ways for slow mobility and

The east-west transect with the themaĆ&#x;c route and the individual projects.

sightseeing, create a new bicycle way system for slow tourism. The area in fact has a good potential for tourism as there are many villages in different conditions and with different perspectives of future development, partially abandoned, partially still inhabited, some in beautiful landscapes. The route proposes to recycle the current structures and articulate different kinds of offer for tourism.

ROUTE CULTURE & HERITAGE Chunyi Zou, Huazhen Ji, Tianya Xu, Zichun Yan

The site of the project is east of the SU-Tong- region is the first aim of the Lake-Side Village lines connecting the villages with surroundLi Highway and includes 6 villages: Majiashe Village, North Pangjiadian village, Caojiabang Village, Yejian Village, Hunan Village and Yujiawan Village. In recent years the govenment started the policy called the "Beautiful Village". In Suzhou region, although the government has started this protection work, there are still many traditional villages not protect. So protecting traditional rural fabric of the

Water System

project, which wants to develop the village without damaging the traditional rural fabric. Compared with the surrounding areas, the site has many advantages such as the inhabitants keep a traditional life style, there is a better combination of natural environment and agrarian culture. However, there are still several problems. For example, currently, there are only bus

ing areas and the site lacks infrastructures and there is only a narrow road. So the LakeSide Village project reconfigure the main street: it is enlarged and connected to the region. The project also creates a connection between every parts of the farmland, reconstructs 1 traditional water farmland, 1 fishing pond and 1 swimming pool with natural water cleaning system.

Farmland

Accessibility and Mobility

Green Space

Built Area

LAKE SIDE VILLAGE Tianya Xu

The site is a relatively isolated place, located in the middle of three lakes, with many traditional elements of Jiangnan water area. Differently from other village around, local people still live here doing agriculture works, growing rice, rape flower and fishing. The building mainly maintaina the traditional typology with white wall and black roof. The water network is still connected although people do not use it anymore. There is a mainroad across the village that has a essential urbanization impact on the village: the area around it has already translated into industrial area. The design regenerates the place for people

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who are bored of city life, search for traditional lifestyle and watertown culture; the project mainly targets middle-class people in Shanghai and elderly people in the surrounding cities. Newcomers will share the place with local people. There are three main changes of the village. First the extention of the river to be connected with the lakes not only for local residents but also for tourism. Second the industry area is demolished and a commercial area is built to provide facilities such as restaurant, gym, exhibition, agricultral products exhibition. Moreover, the facilities are a way to attract young people to stay in the village.

The eastern area is designed as as shorttime hotel. Third green paths including boat, walking and bicycle. The car is to be used only in the external area or to access the backyard of the houses; people can use the boat in the internal area and there is a small berth each five families. Water cleaning devices are placed to deal with the smell and water quality problems. Additionally, there is a big berth meant as a transfer station from car to boat. The village is intended to be the central area of the villages around and in the future it should cluster more sustainable industries and then re-activate the space.

PENINSULA VILLAGE Huazhen Ji N

TTianya ianya Xu Xu 1. Bookstore & Restaurant 2. Shopping Mall 3. Agricultural Product Exhibi on 4. Restaurant 5. Gym 6. Open-air Swimming Pond 7. Conference Center 8. Art Gallery 9. Health Center 10. Short-term Hoilday Hotel 11. Lighthouse Square 12. Pla orm 13. Water clean facili es 14. Berth 15. Parking

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The site is near the intersection of two expressways, so it is very accessible. The site is surrounded by four lakes and is near the Great Canal. This site is also near the Tuncun village - a developed area with basic facilities such as schools. From the perspective of traditional village morphology, the settlement in this site is unique and form a void area in the center. The site is an area of resettlement. Many newly built houses occupy the original

agricultural land. Such resettlement activities will last for long, it can be projected that this development will continue on the east side. The consequence is the local residents will increase a lot in one year. So the local facilities and services should be improved to accommodate these population needs. For what the fishponds are concerned, the local residents said their land was taken by the collective and rented to companies. To search for profit, most of them were trans-

formed into fishponds. Thus in this site, the fishponds are just like a loop belt around. The resettlement will definitely bring the needs of renovation of infrastructure, landscape, road system, etc. Thus to take this chance, the project optimizes the resource allocation, the spatial organization by highlighting and cultivating the attractive point and suggesting the interesting routes; the project respects the local context and operates changing little.

CENTRAL VOID Chunyi Zou

The concept of the project is â&#x20AC;&#x153;linear villageâ&#x20AC;?. The site research, in fact, shows the pattern of the existing housing, landscape and water orientation has mainly a linear shape. Comparing the image from 2002 to the 2016 one, the village pattern, including the building typology and ground floor, does not change much and the houses are facing north or south. The site is located in the central area among

the four old towns Tongli, Zhouzhuang, Lili and Luzhi. The site also connects two lakes, Chen Lake and Baixian Lake, which are also connected with other sites by not only the road but the river. Answering the urban development and the pressure from newly built highway, the project is going to solve the issue of housing demand and increase the site value. The project proposes two solutions: the

redesign of the potential land and the improvement of the landscape and housing interior function. In the future, the local residents will get the compensation from government to leave for some new built residential area, which will provide the public infrastructures, and the original houses will become homes for the tourists. The projects proposes also hotels and a kind of Dutch style landscape among the villages, which create beautiful scenery for visitors.

LINEAR VILLAGE Zichun Yang

The existing road going east â&#x20AC;&#x201C; west, which is the main connection with Kunshan and Shanghai, giving access to the transect area, is merely functioning as a long-distance infrastructure for cars, even though long lines of trees have been planted along both sides of the road. Considering the richness of the surrounding landscape and its potentiality and the pedestrians, the road can be transformed into a parkway. The site

is located nearby some historic resources, as Zhouzhuang, Tongli and pottery museum. Furthermore, a plenty of agricultural areas around the road is valuable and can be further developed with ornamental agriculture, rural markets, and experiential agriculture. The water network and the some natural factors are also elements of great importance along the road. The site starts from Lengjia Bang (an old

The east-west transect with the themaĆ&#x;c route and the individual projects.

town) and ends on one bridge of Zhousong Road on Mingjing Dang (Lake); the targeted site is concentrated on Zhousong Road (north-west) and Tongzhou Road (southeast). The thematic route re-qualify an existing village cut off in two by the road, promoting local vitality and local markets, establish a network of bike paths, using old traces, enhance the scenic potential of the road.

ROUTE PARKWAY

Shen Shu, Wang Qi, Xuanyu Wu

The parkway project is located in the eastern area of Suzhou, which is an inner region of Jiangnan water town and wetland belt. The region connects Wujiang district of Suzhou city and Shanghai, which have active population, tourism and economic transactions. The existing highway in this area connect Kunshan and Suzhou, which support daily transport activities. The region has large scale water bodies with wetland and farmland, which have huge potential of ecological

bike route service range village and community

resort and tourism. There are several villages in this area which have great senses of history and culture. The aim of this parkway is to create a car route which has great scenic and cultural value and enhance the whole region. The Alternative Bicycle Route will provide special bike paths for both local residents and tourists. It will improve the urban sport environment and provide an alternative slow-mobility system. Based on the construction of the new

freeway, the old highway can be changed to slow-mobility route in the future. The bikeway crosses several villages and is close to villagerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s life. Villages also can be support stations for persons who ride bikes. In the eastern part, the bikeway passes by wetland parks and several plazas, and connects with waterfront resort platform. There are several parking lots, stops and rental bike stations around the bikeway. In the future, the bikeway can not only support daily sports, but can hold some events such as races.

ALTERNATIVE BICYCLE ROUTE Qi Wang

village service region buildings waterfront area

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Before the car era, the road has always been a significant place for activities of the local residents, such as daily market, festival, celebration; people always chat or sold food near the road. In the past people’s activities venues were not only park, squares and other specific places and the road was one part of their daily life. However nowadays, the function of road is limited. Based on the high speed of cars, the road

is not safe enough for residents to have activities. So, considering the traditional road and the modern road, how to combine them together can be a meaningful research question. To build an inhabited road, the main step is to slow down the speed of car; then increasing the environment of the road which can make the road more suitable for walk. The project has two main design concepts,

one is about the “Road Park”: the road is closer to the car park. But the car park is designed specifically for the driver, while the road park will be more focused on the nearby residents. The second is based on the case study “Ile de Nantes Traverses Aurélien Bory”. In that case, the designer uses white line to make the driver “confused”, so that he/she will pay more attention and slow down.

VILLAGES ALONG THE PARKWAY

TONGLI ANCIENT TOWN TAI LAKE VILLAGE WETLAND DOCK

CROSSING

ONE SIDE

MORPHOLOGY OF THE VILLAGES

LESS RELATION

PARALLEL

VILLAGE AS A CONNECTING POINT

AN INHABITED ROAD Xuanyu Wu

Agriculture can improve the landscape, integrating rural elements with the normative concepts of spatial design. In this goal, some agricultural plant species with visual aesthetics or other landscape functions (such as leisure, interestingness design, landmark, etc) can be adopted. Some existing or natural agricultural plant clusters can also be kept and combined into the civilian styles or non-agricultural botany to enhance

the practicability, to provide the sustainable sense and to appreciate the local identity. Importantly, the agricultural landscape in parkway design has to follow the “coherent” and “actual” principles. One reason, parkway landscape is visually as linear space. It means designer should consider the relationships between two road sides corresponding to its specialization of spatial layout. Also, the match among the botany selections was re-

quired for the “actual design”, which means the botany design should be relevant to the local natural context. The part of individual work is proposed to enhancing the senses of “connection” and “rhythm” in landscape improvement. Additionally, some integrations between agricultural factors and public facilities will be tried as practical innovation.

FARMLAND AND WETLAND ALONG THE PARKWAY

AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE Shen Shu

The land use plan of the area defines what is urban and what is rural, defining a strict and sharp edge between the urban and rural area. The route deals with this sharp division and tries to establish what is the “urban fringe”, to integrate these two aspects of the Jiangnan area, to distinguish the different areas analyzing the building density as well as the urban fabric. The fringe is designed as a

soft edge. In doing so the green spaces are the first choice to consider. The definition of green space means traditional park, farmland and various open space. The route, in fact, defines mainly a large green belt to prevent the urban sprawl, taking as reference Abercrombie in London in 1940s. The route provides also enough space for the locals to have social and physical activities, redesigning some small

The east-west transect with the themaƟc route and the individual projects.

areas and paths in the countryside and in the fringe of the urban settlements. People from the different worlds – urban and rural – can meet and chat, grow vegetables and go around the rural countryside. The definition of the fringe allows the protection of villages and green spaces get rid from the urban sprawl threat.

ROUTE URBAN EDGE Yichen Tian, Zhanglijun Shao, Zicheng Xu

Building Route Route

Water

Building

Road

The site is south of Jiangxing east road and north of the Tongli old town. Its western boundary is the river. This triangle site can be conceived as an infiltration between rural and urban areas in the region. The largest issue of the site is the green fracture it contains and the very few functions and the lacking of attractive spots, so that now it does not appeal to people visiting this area and most people come here just for passing

by going to Tongli old town. The first concept of the project is connecting the green spaces by adding green spaces and public spaces into the fractured zones. And to attract people to come there, the main streets across the site in a north-south direction will be added with different functions, such as biking and walking. And also the green linear spaces, in the east-west direction, could provide some facilities and

activities to the people visiting or living here. In this route, people could enjoy the old buildings and plazas close to the waterfront and relax in the grassland. The farm land could also be an attractive spot for visitors. Transforming the old factories into green buildings not only could increase the revenues of people, but also could be regarded as a kind of three-dimensional green spaces.

GREEN TRIANGLE INFILTRATION ZICHENG XU

A good planning and design of the urban fringe area can contribute to avoid urban sprawl problem. In this conceptual frame the project focuses on the farm land of urban fringe area. The strategy is involving in the transformation of the fringe different groups, so that people who get benefit from the place will protect its existence for maintaining the long time benefit. Traditionally, it is only local habitants who get benefit from rural farmland. Increasing the groups which

benefit of rural farming land helps to protect the green space and decreases urban sprawl. Keeping the traditional landscape of green space, changing the function of the space adding education, recreation, commercial and tourism functions to the rural farmland attracts multiple groups. The design route mainly follows the route of the water network and makes full use of the existing local resources. Focusing on the needs of different groups, the project adjusts

local facilities and promotes the interaction among them. The main change the project promotes is about the transformation from single industrial production to agriculturebased tourism and multi-functional agriculture, regenerating what is shabby and downfall into full of vitality so that people who live here do not need to move away, migrants can find job opportunity, tourists can enjoy natural landscape with the culture of small-scale peasant economy.

INTER ACTIONS Zhanglijun Shao

The project is in the southern part of the route Fringe/Urban edge. Urban fringe means the edge of city area, which has unlimited possibilities for the interaction between citizens and farmers. The group route is determined by official land use map. The project has chosen this part of territory because the area would be the main development area in the future for its high strategical value. According to the satellite map, although some plots are still

empty and a large space is wasteland, the road and other infrastructures are completed. Thus, the aim of the project is to prevent the urban sprawl in this area and infiltrate ecological facilities into the city to improve the environment quality in urban space. LID technology provides some good examples which could be implemented in this area, having a great beneficial impact for the protection of the whole Jiangnan Area. The canal and boulevard can link to some deten-

Sports

View

Playing Performance Skating Dating

Boat

Parking

tion pound (transformed by some empty plots). These areas will work as the stepping stone of green infrastructures to infiltrate into the inner city. The green area is designed as a lake-side linear park. As it is very close to the industrial park, it mainly serves for the workers who work nearby. As for the implementation, LID in China is popular, which is called the sponge city. The national government has a special fund for this type of project.

INFILTRATION & GREEN BARRIER Yichen Tian

1.Riverside green belt 2.Industrial green park 3.Marina 4.Artificial peninsula 5.Guojialou village

105m

1cm

350m 6cm

The main problems of Jiangnan district water system are flood risk and pollution: flood risks during summer, pollution from industry and fish ponds, rapid tourism development and large local urbanization. To face these problems the projects propose to re-consider the role of water in the area and a general â&#x20AC;&#x153;cleaningâ&#x20AC;? strategy, using the natural lake water adjustment system; in

detail: - water transport function for tourism in the whole district, creating a ring connecting the water towns; a leisure district for ecological tourism using dredging soil as an available resource; - water phytoremediation and a linear park along some small streams which go across a existing linear village, following the original

The east-west transect with the themaĆ&#x;c route and the individual projects.

fish ponds conditions; this way the village can be an example of self-cleaning village. - water front redevelopment and a park in a vital place along the crossing of two canals between two major water towns, relevant for daily trips and connections; facing fast development the place gets more and more congested and degraded.

ROUTE WATER Daidai Wu, Jiangxue Han, Wenjing Qin

SELF CLEANING VILLAGE Daidai Wu

WATER SQUARE IN A PORT TOWN Jiangxue Han

DESIGN STRATEGY Waterfront

permeable surface

bike/exercise road

wooden walking route

river mud

Bike-ship system

bike pa

ship suit for local trip

port/wharf for people

Wetland Park

Soft bank

transfer concrete edge to soft bank

There are 6 historic water towns in the Wujiang District, such as Tongli water town and Zhouzhuang water town. These famous cities are interested by fast “mass” tourism; most tourists, in fact, come and visit the water towns with travel agency and it is generally only one day’s trip. The design concept of ‘slow tourism’ is proposed to cope with this issue and offer alternatives. The general strategy is to link all of historic water towns through cycling, walking and boating routes instead of by car, which is

more Eco-friendly and could shift the one day’s trip to one week’s trip. The itineraries are designed to touch relevant landscape and cultural spots, which is not the shortest way but the most interesting one. The interesting elements may include the water towns centers, the farmland, livestock farm, canal, polder, temple and park. The Eco-tourism is good not only for the tourists but will benefit the local residents as well. For instance, more job opportunities will be created. Narrow

The east-west transect with the thema c route and the individual projects.

paths will be repaired and re-linked for cycling and walking routes. With regard to boating, large boats will be used in between two towns and change to the small boats within the historic water town in the boat interchange centre. The boating routes will use some parts of the grand canal as a major feature of the area. As the distance between two water towns may be too long for slow tourism, various functions could be constructed to facilitate tourists stops and recreational activities.

ROUTE WATER TOWNS

Mengchuan Liu, Suyuan Tong

SLOW TOURISM

The most eï¬&#x192;cient route V.S. The most interes ng route

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Two distinct sites in Tongli water town were chosen to explore the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;slow tourismâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; concept. Site 2 is near the main entrance of the historic water town, therefore it deals with tourism. Site 1 is located in the residential area and has more interactions with the local residents; Site 1 includes some abandoned factories and fields. Based on these situations, three types of new constructions are imagined. The first type is mainly for the tourists. As an example a B&B for about 40-60 people, such as young travellers, walking and cycling

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tourists. There will be a stop for tourists to have a rest and get convenient services. The second type is for the villagers. There will be a Centre for local residents to have fun, which includes card room, gym and classroom. Outdoor exercise facilities will be constructed as well. The third type is both for the tourists and villagers. For example, an Agri-Cultural Centre which includes a open market and handicraft workshop with canopy and a large farmland and flowerland. Some festivals, such as the farm holiday, could be held here to provide

tourists more activities and events. Tourists can purchase fresh vegetables and products in the market and exercise in making local handicraft in the workshop, while also experiencing farming as well. Two new bridges are proposed to link the two sides in order to improve the accessibility. Two new squares provide more open spaces in the hope of solving the issue of lack of open space in the village. Some buildings near the secondary gate will be renovated and converted into a restaurants to provide local food for the tourists. People can get

AN ALTERNATIVE CHOICE IN TONGLI Mengchuan Liu

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food and drink in the small retails while kids can enjoy the fountain in the hot summer. The diagram of permeability shows how this master plan works for connecting the eastern and western parts and improves the permeability. The diagram of tourist route shows how different routes will go across the site in order to collect the newly created interesting elements. The detailed plan demonstrates the different

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patterns of pavements with harmonious colours. The perspective view shows the good relationship between the new developments and the surrounding built environment. The plan is intentional to create the buildings in the most balanced way. To sum up, the project improves the experience of tourism and slows down the touristsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; pace, providing at the same time

better life for local residents and some work opportunities. Site 1 could be an immediately realized. It aims to distribute the weight of tourism from the main gate, create new activities and give tourists alternative choices. The slow travel concept utilized in Tongli water town could become a case, applicable to other historic water towns in Wujiang district.

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The site selected by the project is quite close to the main entrance of Tongli historic town. Here mass tourists concentrate on the western side of the site and few people go to the eastern part. Therefore, the main concept of the project is to provide alternatives for entering the town, instead of just one main entrance for tourism, in order to active the whole site. In addition, in the selected site

Old - New - Renovated 106

there are still a number of good existing elements such as the active shops along the water and the vegetable market. Connections between the main and alternative tourists accesses are provided and the permeability is improved. As it is important to keep the evidence of the past histories instead of demolishing them, the proposal attempts to use the existing

Activities Areas

buildings and renovate them to the largest extent, trying to keep the balance between old, new and renovated elements. Also, the project tries to use the water as the backbone of accessibility and recreation activities, so people can have more reasons to come to the waterfront. Furthermore, the proposal provides alternative access for tourist, so people will have more route choices and have more chance to enter into this site.

Accessibility

MORE POSSIBILITIES FOR TOURISTS Suyuan Tong

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