scope + limitations

Scope

The scope of this project focuses analyses on climate change vulnerability for New York City's five boroughs based on multiple factors that contribute to climate change vulnerability. These factors are identified from previous research, as either additive or subtractive factors for climate change vulnerability. The most recent data for three different data categories are used to determine the most vulnerable census tracts: environmental data, sociodemographic data, and "resources" data. Within the environmental data category, three individual data sets are included to represent climate change vulnerability: potential flooding, urban heat index, and air pollution. All three data sets are provided by New York City departments. From the United States Census Bureau, the American Community Survey, 2012-2016 five year range, serves as the data source for sociodemographic data.The five year range is used in this analysis as it is more accurate than a single year dataset and not intended to focus on a specific year. Within sociodemographic data, the specific fields used are: age under 18 and above 75 years old, language English ability as "less than very well," and median income. All of the sociodemographic data was initially joined and mapped to New York City's 2010 census tracts. Further analysis for other climate change vulnerability layers also was performed and compared at the census tract level. "Resources" data sets for New York City spatially represent varying levels of "access" to support against climate change vulnerability.These data sets are continuously updated by the NYC Open Data site and the most current versions will be used. The three data sets used are bus stops, subway stations, and a selection from the New York City Department of City Planning's Facilities Database. The facilities selected include public facilities as well as specific facilities identified as resources to mitigate the effects of climate change.

Limitations Data limitations included the Heat Index data provided by the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (NYC DOHMH). The data provided by the DOHMH was previously indexed by the department's definition of heat vulnerability. This definition included sociodemographic factors to some extent. Therefore, some of the analysis represents double counting for sociodemographic variables. Time presented another limitation. Datasets were not ordered from outside sources and only data that was readily downloadable from online public sources was used.

With respect to analysis performed, another limitation is data may be generalized when aggregating environmental, sociodemographic, and resources layers to an overall climate change vulnerability decision map. The focus for the analysis aimed to identify which census tracts are most vulnerable to climate change based on several factors. Analyses that focus on specific climate vulnerability factors are represented in individual maps throughout this report. The final decision maps represent the aggregated layers in order to provide a comprehensive analysis to climate change vulnerability.

Research Questions

Which census tracts in New York City have the most significant levels of climate change vulnerability due to compounded environmental and socio-economic factors, while considering spatial access to resources?

How do the identified vulnerable census tracts in New York City compare to the areas focused in the Resilient Neighborhoods initiative?