Contents (clickable links to each section) Coordinated European response European Central Bank (ECB)
Page 3
European Union
Page 3
European Investment Bank (EIB) / European Investment Fund (EIF)
Page 5
European Banking Authority (EBA) & European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA)
Page 5
Country by country analysis (EU) Austria Belgium Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czechia Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Italy Ireland Latvia
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
Global: Page 6 Page 7 Page 7 Page 8 Page 10 Page 10 Page 11 Page 12 Page 13 Page 14 Page 15
Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Poland Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden
Page 21 Page 22 Page 22 Page 23 Page 24 Page 26 Page 26 Page 27 Page 28 Page 28
Australia Canada China Hong Kong India Japan Switzerland Singapore United Kingdom United States
Page 31 Page 33 Page 34 Page 35 Page 36 Page 37 Page 38 Page 38 Page 39 Page 42
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Page 17 Page 17 Page 18 Page 19 Page 21
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
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COVID-19 EU and Global Response Coordinated European Response Institution
Supporting measures
European Central Bank (ECB)
•
• • • •
Emergency regulations
N/A Launched the Pandemic Emergency Purchase Programme (PEPP) which is a temporary asset purchase programme for private and public sector securities worth €750bn. The package aims to lessen the impact of COVID-19 on the economy. A waiver is included for securities issued by the Greek Government and the range of eligible assets will be expanded to include non-financial commercial paper. ECB President Lagarde has stated that “there are no limits our commitment to the euro.” Held deposit rate at its existing level of minus 0.5 per cent. Purchase €120bn more bonds by the end of year, on top of its existing commitment to buy €20bn a month. Asset purchases would be focused on corporate bond markets. Launch of a new programme of cheap loans to banks to encourage lending. The ECB has decided to impose little-to-no constraints on this asset purchase programme when compared to previous similar initiatives. Namely, the ECB can purchase more than one third of any Member States eligible bonds which should help support the most impacted countries.
Existing longer-term refinancing operations will be made “considerably more favourable” by offering loans to banks below the ECB’s sub-zero deposit rate and as cheaply as minus 0.75 per cent. European Union (EU)
Commission: • €37bn Corona Response investment initiatives directed at health care systems, SMEs, labour markets and other vulnerable parts of economy. A further €29bn has also been made available through access to 2020 structural funding across the EU. The European Parliament and Council have now approved the package which will available from 1 April. • Commission proposed the activation of the general escape clause of the Stability and Growth Pact to depart from the budgetary requirements that normally apply under the European fiscal framework which will allow for higher budget deficits • The Commission has adopted a Temporary Framework to enable Member States to use the full flexibility foreseen under state aid rules to support the economy in the COVID-19 context. The Commission is now
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
EU leaders have agreed to apply a temporary (initial 30day) restriction to the Schengen-zone’s external borders. The restrictions exempt EU nationals as well as Schengen Associated States (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland). UK citizens will be treated the same as EU citizens
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Institution
Supporting measures
•
•
Emergency regulations
consulting Member States further on the extending the framework. Given limited size of the EU budget, main support will come from Member States’ national budgets. This provides for: o Direct grants, selective tax advantages and advance payments; granting up to €800,000 to a company to address urgent liquidity needs o State guarantees for loans taken by companies from banks o Subsidised loans to companies: Member States will be able to grant loans with favourable interest rates to companies. These can help businesses cover immediate working capital and investment needs. o Safeguards for banks that channel State aid to the real economy: o Short term export credit insurance New Commission guidelines on passenger rights defining the coronavirus as an extraordinary circumstance, excusing airlines from paying passengers for cancelled or delayed flights (EC also said disruptions to schedules make it difficult or impossible to re-route cancelled flights at the earliest opportunity, normally an obligation for airlines). Proposed to use EUR 75 million from the EU budget to help Member States repatriate EU nationals and increase the budget of the RescEU medical stockpile.
until the end of the transition period. A further exemption applies to travelers with an essential need or function, including frontier workers, healthcare professionals, diplomats, passengers in transit, passengers travelling for family reasons and persons in need of humanitarian protection.
European Council (Heads of state)/Eurogroup/ECOFIN EU leaders failed to reach an agreement on how to commonly fund their response to the economic impact of COVID-19 on 26 March. Northern Member States would prefer to use the ESM while a group of 9 Member States have proposed to issue mutualised debt, or ‘coronabonds.’ The Eurogroup has now been mandated to report back to EU leaders on possible ways forward in two weeks time. Member States agreed to suspend obligations to the Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) to allow funds to be used to mitigate the economic downturn in light of COVID-19. All national authorities will allow automatic stabilisers to function in addition to implement necessary measures needed to tackle the economic consequences including: • Fiscal measures of up to 1% of GDP on average for 2020 economy support, in addition to automatic stabilisers. • Liquidity facilities of 10% of GDP consisting of public guarantee scheme and deferred tax payments. • Immediate fiscal spending targeted at containment and treatment of the disease
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
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Institution
Supporting measures
• • European Investment Bank (EIB) / European Investment Fund (EIF)
• •
European Banking • Authority (EBA) • •
• European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA)
• •
•
Emergency regulations
Liquidity support for firms facing severe disruptions, especially SMEs and firms in affected sectors including transport and tourism, to include tax measures, public guarantees etc. Support for affected workers to avoid unemployment and income losses Further enhancing and accelerating the impact of the available resources, through collaboration with National Development Banks. The EIB & EIF (EIB Group) are together proposing the following financing package: o Dedicated guarantee schemes to banks based on existing programmes for immediate deployment, mobilising up to €20 billion, of financing. o Dedicated liquidity lines to banks to ensure additional working capital support for SMEs and mid-caps of €10 billion. o Dedicated asset-backed securities (ABS) purchasing programmes to allow banks to transfer risk on portfolios of SME loans, mobilising another EUR 10 billion of support.
N/A
N/A EU-wide stress test postponed to 2021 to allow banks to prioritise operational continuity. EBA recommends to national competent authorities to use all available flexibility in the banking regulatory framework. Issued statements proposing further clarity and measures to banks, consumers, and payment service providers: o Called for “flexibility and pragmatism” on the application of the prudential regulatory framework and highlighted that in cases of debt moratoria “there is no automatic classification in default, forborne, or IFRS9 status.” o Stressed that lenders must act in the interest of consumers. o Raise the contactless payment limit up to EUR 50. Additionally, all consultation deadlines will be extended by two months, all currently scheduled public hearings will be postponed, and extended the remittance date for funding plans data. Announced it expects competent authorities not to prioritise their supervisory actions towards entities subject to Securities Finance Transactions (SFT) reporting obligations as of 13 April 2020 and until 13 July 2020. Clarified that it expects firms to take all possible steps to ensure call taping under MiFID II but given the exceptional circumstances that it may not be “practicable.” In these cases firms are expected to explore alternative steps. Issued guidance to issuers and auditors on the application of IFRS 9.
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
N/A
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Lockdown Level Key Red: Full lockdown which can include limitations on gatherings with over 2 people and restrictions to freedom of movement; Orange: Far-encompassing measures which can include closure of non-essential businesses and schools; Yellow: Limited lockdown measures imposed, encouraging people to work from home. Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Austria
Yes – all nonessential movement restricted.
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
All meetings All schools, Switzerland, with over 5 restaurants, Spain and participants. bars, cafes France and nonessential businesses are Facemasks to closed. become mandatory in supermarkets from 1 April. Quarantine in Tyrol region, plus several other regions –nobody is allowed to enter or leave the affected communities with the exception of providing basic services
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
Borders closed Orange between Slovakia, Czech Republic, Germany, Italy, Slovenia. Checks imposed with Switzerland. Entry of third country nationals by air from outside the Schengen area suspended. EU and Swiss citizens subject to 14-day quarantine unless they depart immediately to another country.
•
• • • •
•
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
Aid package totalling Yes up to €38 bn including €4bn in immediate aid to cover bridge loans and credit guarantees to protect businesses’ liquidity. Funds for short-time work increased to €1 billion. Tax deferrals Bridging guarantees and liabilities to secure loans Austrian Stamp Duty Act to be amended to exempt businesses from administrative fees and duties for all documents and official procedures Hardship fund for one-person
9200 cases 108 fatalities
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Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
or commuting. •
•
Belgium
Yes (extended to April 19th)
All social gatherings prohibited.
All schools, Non-essential restaurants, travel abroad bars, cafes prohibited and nonessential businesses are closed.
Belgian borders Red are closed to all but freight and travellers on essential business.
•
• •
Bulgaria
Partly – Bansko under quarantine until 31
Public events and social gatherings
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
All cultural, leisure, catering, service and
No, unnecessary Entry of non-EU Orange travel advised nationals against banned from 20 March to 17
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
•
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
companies and small businesses Bonus payments to employees for services during crisis to be tax free. Federal government to cover wage costs of those with preexisting conditions. Yes Support available from Federal Tax Ministry, applications need to be finalised by 30 June Payment plans for social security contributions Flemish government provides tax-free grants to businesses and €160 a day for required closure and support for industries particularly affected including tourism.
11899 cases 513 fatalities
Yes Businesses asked not to lay people off, government to cover 60% of salary
354 cases 8 fatalities
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Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
March, and stricter measures on movements in Plovdiv. Intercity travel requires declaration form.
Business and school closures
educational facilities closed. Open markets also closed.
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
•
April. Entry restrictions from Italy, Spain, France, UK, Germany, Netherlands and Switzerland.
•
•
•
Croatia
Yes – Gatherings Cultural, prohibition on of more than catering,
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
EU citizens Temporary ban allowed to return on all border
Orange
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
•
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
Bulgarian Development Bank able to temporarily acquire stakes in affected businesses Equity of Bulgarian Development Bank increased by up to 700 million to support SMEs affected by the pandemic Financing to struggling businesses to be available through national development bank Deadline for filing and paying corporate tax returns and submission of annual activity report extended to 30 June; deadline for publication of annual financial statements extended. Price controls imposed
Yes
790 cases 6 fatalities
Cicero/AMO / 8
Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
leaving the place of residence except for essential reasons
5 people prohibited. Weddings and funerals only permitted for immediate family.
service, educational and sporting establishments closed, religious gatherings suspended.
to country of origin. Limited crossing points for freight vehicles between Croatia and Slovenia.
crossings. Twoweek quarantine required for all foreign and Croatian nationals.
•
•
•
•
• •
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
Moratorium on repayment of small business loans until 31 December Loans for liquidity possible for micro, small and mediumsized enterprises Deferral of tax payments and tax debts for those in difficulty – entrepreneurs able to file claims from 24 March Interest-free loans to regional and municipal funds, the Croatian Pension and Insurance Funds to cover amount deferred. Moratorium on repayment of personal loans Interest-free deferral of payment of tax liabilities incurred during the pandemic and due to special circumstances
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Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Cyprus
Yes
All All nonunnecessary essential movement shops closed. including gatherings prohibited.
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
Νο
Access Red restrictions, nationals need to provide medical certificate and enter a compulsory 2week government quarantine. All tourists banned.
• • •
•
•
Czechia
Yes
All nonessential movement prohibited, contact with others to be as limited as possible. Meetings of a maximum
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
Restaurants, bars and leisure facilities closed, shopping centres closed. Only grocery stores, pharmacies and shops
Czech citizens not allowed to leave unless they have residence elsewhere
All foreigners Red without permanent or temporary (over 90 days) residence prohibited from entering. Crossborder travel for work allowed
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
•
•
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
Yes €1.5bn support package for businesses No VAT payments for 2 months for affected companies. General VAT rate reduced from 19% to 17% over the same period. Government subsidises 70% of employee salaries for affected SMEs. Suspension of loan payments from financial institutions and government guarantees on loans totalling to €2bn.
214 cases, 6 fatality
Yes Waiver of late payment of corporate income tax return until 1 July, remission of June advance on corporate income tax General waiver of tax and charge accessories and
2866 cases, 17 fatalities
Cicero/AMO / 10
Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
of two people unless household members or for work. Movement outside place of residence only permitted with face mask.
providing essential services remain open. Educational facilities closed.
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
subject to proof and applicable only to those travelling for more than 21 calendar days. Border controls with Germany and Austria; border with Slovakia and Poland closed by those countries.
•
• •
• Denmark
No
All gatherings with over 10 people prohibited until 13th of April
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
Nightclubs, bars, restaurants, malls, department stores, sporting and leisure facilities, schools, daycare facilities
No. Travel abroad discouraged until 13th of April.
Borders closed Orange to all nonDanish residents except for provision of goods/services. 14-day quarantine for citizens
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
• •
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
possibility to delay tax payments Six-month break in health and social insurance contributions for selfemployed people Wage compensation measures Central Bank released from existing restrictions that currently limit it to trading instruments with maturities of up to a year Covid-19 loan programme launched Yes €25bn support package for bank lending Increased framework for governmentguaranteed loan scheme for large companies and SMEs that are projected to experience minimum
2733 cases 77 fatalities
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Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
and public cultural institutions.
returning to Denmark.
•
Shops that remain open need to enforce distancing.
• • •
• •
Estonia
People are ordered to
All meetings Schools, of more than entertainment 2 banned. venues and
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
No
Borders closed
Orange
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
•
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
of 30% in revenue loss State aid for struggling companies: funding 75% of salaries if layoffs avoided. €130mn Danish guarantee scheme for SMEs affected Liquidity scheme for Danish SME sized export companies Temporary compensation for company’s fixed expenses Temporary pay compensation for affected businesses €1.3bn scheme for self-employed, including compensation for 75% of expected loss turnover Short and long term aid package amounting to €2bn.
Yes
715 cases 3 fatality
Cicero/AMO / 12
Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
keep 2meters apart.
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
•
shopping centres closed.
•
•
Finland
No
All public gatherings Travel to and with over 10 from Uusimaa people region restricted from 27 March to essential journeys only.
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
Public buildings, leisure and sport facilities and schools closed until 31 May. Pre-school and basic education available for parents working in
No. Recommended not to travel abroad.
Only Finnish Orange citizens allowed to enter Finland, with exemption for transit or necessary travel. 14-day quarantine for anyone returning to Finland.
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
•
• •
•
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
State funds channelled through KredEx and the Rural Development Foundation. Government subsidises 70% of employee salaries for affected businesses from March to May. Calculation of interest on the corporate tax debt is suspended for emergency period. Stimulus package of Yes €15 billion announced by government €200 million for corporate finance Employers' pension contributions will be reduced and deferred Unemployment benefits and
1352 cases, 13 fatalities
Cicero/AMO / 13
Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
critical occupations • • •
•
• France
Yes (extended to April 15th)
All social gatherings prohibited.
All restaurants, All travel bars, cafes prohibited for the and nonnext 15 days. essential Stricter businesses are confinement closed.
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
Borders closed, Red with French residents allowed to return home.
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
•
•
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
unemployment insurance improved Tax deferrals available to struggling companies Finnvera’s capacity to fund SMEs doubled Government pension fund guided to increase investment in Finnish companies Government proposed additional €150mn for R&D and innovation through Business Finland, aimed at supporting industry, tourism and COVID-19 supply chain €50mn support for services industry Yes Government will guarantee €300bn of bank loans to businesses Support measures on case-by-case basis including
407147 cases 2611 fatalities
Cicero/AMO / 14
Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
from March. 23rd. •
•
•
Germany
People are ordered to keep 1.5meters apart.
All meetings with over 2 people banned until April 20th.
Lockdown imposed in Bavaria.
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
Restaurants and businesses requiring close physical contact closed
Cross-border travel is only allowed for urgent reasons. Assessments are made on case-by-case basis.
Ban on holiday Red travel, overnight accommodation in Germany must be essential. Travel ban for Italians, Spanish, Austrians, French, Luxembourgish, Danish and Swiss.
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
•
•
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
deferred payment deadlines for social and tax Possibility for direct tax rebates and negotiation of loan terms €45bn aid package for small businesses in the form of reduced social security contributions €4 billion liquidity support plan for start-ups Yes Loan programme covering up to 90% of risk for companies of all sizes. Eligible loans may have maturity up to 5 years and can reach €1bn per company (or more in special cases) €650bn support package, with €156 supplementary package to help save companies and jobs
62435 cases 541 fatalities
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Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
Border checks between Austria, Switzerland, France, Luxembourg and Denmark.
•
•
•
• •
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
€50bn for SMEs and self-employed, receiving direct grants of up to €15,000 over three months. First payments expected by April 1st. Loan programme between the German promotional bank KwF and private banks to provide larger loans as a consortium. Risk taken by state may cover up to 80% Deferring tax payments (VAT, energy tax, air tax) reducing advance payments and relief in the area of enforcement Flexible short-time work benefits Waiver of late payment surcharges until 31 December 2020
Cicero/AMO / 16
Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
• • •
Greece
Hungary
Yes
Yes
Public and recreational
All public and recreational meetings prohibited
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
All nonessential shops closed.
All nonessential shops are either closed
All travel to and from Greece banned for nonGreek citizens.
No
Road borders Red with Albania, North Macedonia and Turkey closed. Two-week quarantine mandatory on return from abroad.
•
Borders closed Red for international passengers
•
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
• • •
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
Increased depreciation for digital assets Option for corporate income tax for partnerships Modification of the controlled foreign corporation rules with adjustment of the low tax rate Tax and social contribution suspension for businesses most affected Liquidity for businesses €9.8bn injection to support businesses Loan instalments suspended until September 30th (initial capital, not interest)
Yes
1156 cases 39 fatalities
Obligation to pay capital and interest on all loans signed by individuals and
Yes
447 cases 15 fatalities
Cicero/AMO / 17
Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
or have limited opening hours. •
•
Italy
Yes – fines for breaching restrictions increased on 24 March
All public and recreational gatherings prohibited – anyone leaving the house must carry a form
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
All businesses Full travel ban not strictly necessary to ensure essential goods and services closed – only supermarkets
Full travel ban. Travel within the country banned from March 22. Austria, Slovenia and Switzerland
Red
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
•
•
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
companies will be suspended until the end of the year. In the tourism, hospitality, entertainment, gambling, film, performing, event and sports services sectors, nonresidential leases may not be terminated until the end of June. Employer contributions and payroll taxes in above sectors are also suspended until the same date. Moratorium until 30 Yes September on loans for micro enterprises, SMEs, professionals and sole proprietors. €25bn support package including loans to SMEs. Scope of SME
97689 cases 10779 fatalities
Cicero/AMO / 18
Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
to declare and why they are pharmacies outside remain open.
have imposed border controls. • •
• •
Ireland
Yes, citizens should only go out for essential reasons (carrying out essential work, shop for essentials, attend
Outside gatherings restricted to 4 people
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
Schools, non- No essential retail outlets, theatres, clubs, contact-based businesses. Hotels to limit occupancy to essential, nonsocial and non-
No
Red
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
•
•
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
Guarantee Fund expanded to improve access. Moratorium on business and mortgage repayment Tax deadline referrals and suspension on tax payments for specific sectors National redundancy fund extended €11bn in compensation possible for selfemployed workers and independent professionals Innovation Working Yes Group to be set up with Science Foundation Ireland for businesses that can help COVID-19 and damages. Banks to halt all commercial/business
2615 cases 46 fatalities
Cicero/AMO / 19
Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
medical appointments, brief individual exercise, farming)
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
tourist reasons. • •
• •
•
•
•
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
loans for three months Business support centre established by government CRO to suspend filing of annual returns for period until 30th June Banks to halt all mortgages/buy-tolets for three months A loan guarantee scheme fund of €50m to be put in place Contactless payments to be increased from €30 to €50 maximum in shops All repossessions and legal actions to be deferred for three months Temporary wage subsidy of 70% of take home pay up
Cicero/AMO / 20
Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
Latvia
No
All meetings with over 2 people banned in public.
Sports facilities, and non-essential shops closed during weekends.
All international transport cancelled, people can still travel privately (i.e. using a car)
All international Orange transport cancelled
Public and recreational larger than 100 people.
All nonessential shops closed.
Lithuanian citizens and residents have been prohibited from leaving the country, foreigners can still leave.
Borders are closed to foreign nationals
Lithuania
Yes
•
•
Orange
•
• •
•
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
Yes €2bn support package including loan guarantees and tax holidays. Loans to support SMEs and large companies without financial difficulties before the coronavirus, with a cap of €1 million.
376 cases
Yes €5bn support package including tax breaks and subsidies Corporate and personal tax relief. Government will cover 60% of employee downtime payments (only up to the minimum wage of €555). Bank of Lithuania will reduce regulatory burdens for commercial bank lending, leading to a potential rise of €2.5bn.
484 cases, 7 fatality
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Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Luxembourg Yes
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
Public and recreational
All restaurants, bars, cafes and nonessential businesses are closed.
Cross-border workers required to prove they are crossing the border to commute. Advised to avoid all non-essential travel. Luxairport open to freight only.
Cross-border Orange workers required to prove they are crossing the border to commute. Borders open for Luxembourg nationals to return.
•
• • • • • •
Malta
No
Public and recreational meetings prohibited
Bars, restaurants, clubs, cinemas, gyms non-essential retail & services closed.
No travel to or from Switzerland, Germany, France, Spain and Italy
All inbound flights suspended.
Orange
•
• • •
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
Rescue package of Yes €8.8 bn (€2.5bn of loan guarantees for companies, €1.25bn of tax abatement) €300 million aid scheme for SMEs Bank guarantees for line of credit or loans Simplified short-time work scheme Tax relief for selfemployed and businesses Tax return deadline extended Judicial deadlines suspended, residential evictions frozen.
1950 cases 21 fatalities
Yes Liquidity injection and bank guarantees of up to €1.8bn consisting of: Deferral of tax payments (between €400mn and €700mn €150mn of bank guarantees €750mn of soft loans
156 cases
Cicero/AMO / 22
Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
•
•
•
Netherlands
Citizens allowed to use the house (also for nonessential purposes)
All meetings with over 3 people prohibited until June 3rd. Exemption Cities can put for funerals more and stringent weddings, provisions in more place to avoid information social on this to gatherings follow.
Until the 6th of No April: Bars and restaurants, businesses in contact-based industries and schools closed. Nonessential shops can stay open if they can enforce the 1.5-meter distance rule.
No
Orange
Mandatory to keep 1.5 meters
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
•
•
•
•
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
Possibility of a threemonth moratorium on personal and business loans €4.5bn in credit of which €900mn guaranteed by Government €210mn of funds being made available to cover expenditure from COVID-19 Yes €4000 Support for companies in sectors hit particularly hard. Support can be requested until the 26th of June. Bridging loans available immediately for SMEs Companies can request postponement of tax payments. Automatic 3-month exemption when filing request. Temporary reduction of recovery interest
11750 cases 864 fatalities
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Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
•
distance from others when outdoors
•
• •
Poland
All nonessential activities prohibited, increased penalties for noncompliance with quarantine
Total ban on all meetings and gatherings except with family. Ban on staying in a public space with more than two people.
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
Bars, restaurants, shopping centres closed. Pharmacies and groceries remain open, banks and financial institutions operate
Exiting Poland permitted at border crossings. Limited border crossings opened with Czechia, Lithuania and Germany.
Ban for nonRed Polish residents to enter the country and border checks. Polish citizens, their spouses and children can return, subject to 14day quarantine.
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
•
•
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
Companies expecting over 20% loss in revenue request contribution to labour costs Work-time reduction, government will cover 90% of the salary Tourism tax abolished temporarily Lending more easily available, government-backed lending increased to €1.5bn. Maximum loans increased to €150m ‘Anti-Crisis Shield’ fund launched worth PLN 212 billion including loans, employee support, increased business financing Medium and large companies able to obtain capital
Yes
1905 cases 26 fatalities
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Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
from 23 March.
Business and school closures
normally. Schools and colleges closed.
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
International passenger and rail connections suspended, cargo transport continues. Border controls with Germany, Lithuania, Czechia and Slovakia until 13 April.
•
• • • •
• •
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
increase of financing in the form of bonds State to contribute to salaries of businesses facing problems Deferring payment of utilities Deferring tax payments Deduct expenditures 2020 on 2019 tax returns Self-employed people and microcompanies will be exempt from social security payments from social security payments if their revenue drops 50% Exemptions for micro-firms from social security dues Products manufactured or purchased by companies that are donated to fight coronavirus are
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Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
subject to a 0% VAT rate. Portugal
Yes
All social gatherings prohibited.
All restaurants, Flight restrictions bars, cafes in effect and nonessential businesses are closed until April 2nd.
All arrivals into Red Portugal, whether by sea, air or road, to go through 14day quarantine. Suspension of air links with Italy, borders with Spain closed. Flights outside EU banned except to Portuguese.
• • • • • •
•
Romania
Yes (curfew between 22:00-06:00). Outside of curfew citizens can only leave their homes
Recreational Non-essential No and public retail is closed. Gathering of more than 3 non-family members is banned
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
Border controls Red with Austria and Hungary. Flights to and from Italy, Spain, Germany, and France are suspended
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
• •
•
Yes €9.2 billion aid to support companies and households €3bn guarantee scheme for SMEs €200m credit line to support companies €60m tourism sector support Exemption social security payments Tax deadlines extended and easing of tax payments for businesses and the self-employed Social security contributions reduced
6408 cases 140 Fatalities
Yes €2bn support package Waiving social security contributions in transport and tourism sector Extended guarantees on loans
1952 cases, 46 fatalities
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Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
•
for essential; reasons
Non-Romanian citizens are prohibited from entering the country
• •
•
Slovakia
Mobility limited to essential needs e.g. commuting and vital supplies
Recreational Only essential and Public retail remains open Ski resorts, and entertainment venues are closed
International travel from and to country suspended
Border controls Orange introduced, only residents allowed to enter. All public international travel has been suspended.
•
•
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
Increase maximum value of guarantees for SMEs to €1bn Government will reimburse VAT of up to €1.8bn Discouraging companies to lay off employees by paying 75% of the salary, including in the tourism sector. Provide liquidity to credit institutions via repo transactions Tax relief measures TBC approved, including the cancellation of the penalty for underpayment of income tax and extension of the deadline for filing tax returns Delay payment of tax for 2019 until 30 June 2020
336 cases
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Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
Slovenia
People are restricted to their own municipality except for travelling to work, providing assistance, and accessing emergency services, pharmacies and judicial authorities.
All public gatherings prohibited – excluding families
Non-essential retail closed.
Hungary
Majority of hotels will not accept new guests
Restrictions when entering from Italy.
Red
Main international airport closed to commercial flights and cross-border and internal public transportation has been suspended. Border can be crossed using private / personal vehicle.
•
•
•
•
•
Spain
Yes (extended to 12 April)
All social gatherings prohibited.
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
All nonessential workplaces and businesses closed (all
21 countries have imposed ban on entry of Spanish people or have suspended air
Land borders Red closed. Entry for most foreigners at air and seaports restricted for a
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
• •
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
Yes EUR 3 billion package to mitigate impact of COVID-19 on the economy. Borrowers not able to settle their loan agreement liabilities can defer repayment for a year Employees who are temporarily laid off, for no longer than 3 months, will be entitled to 80 % of their salary EUR 6 million state loans for companies in trouble (with potential for another 20 million) EUR 600 million in credit lines to address liquidity concerns
756 cases 11 fatalities
Stimulus package of Yes €200bn Small businesses and freelance workers exempt from tax payment
85195 cases 7340 fatalities
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Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
hotels to close and maritime month from 23rd by 26 March). communications. March.
• • •
•
Sweden
No
All events with more than 50 people
Universities and senior high schools closed Businesses remain open but will need to comply with meeting restrictions
No
Entry ban for all Yellow foreign citizens attempting to enter Sweden from a country outside the EEA or Switzerland/UK
•
•
•
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
€400m credit line for tourism sector Deferred repayment of loans €100,000m in guarantees to support businesses to stay solvent Support measures for autonomous regions Yes Tax payments deferred for three months, proposed to apply from April 7th, 2020 but can be backdated to January 1st; expanded to include VAT. Sole proprietors entitled to tax cuts. Lending package of €45bn through banks to secure credit supply Short term leave with salary cost reduction
4028 cases 146 fatalities
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Country
Restrictions on outdoor movement
Meeting bans
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU Access Lockdown Aid package countries restrictions levels (incl. quarantine and border closure)
• •
• • • •
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
Employment Cases confirmed support and fatalities measures
Liquidity reinforcement via tax accounts Extended loan and guarantee opportunities. € 270mn injection for lending to SMEs, Swedish Export Credit loan frame increased to €18bn which can be used for Swedish export companies (including shipping) €90mn fund for cultural sector and sports Airlines to be given state credit guarantees Temporary reduction in employers’ social security contributions Government support for business rents.
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Global Country
Restrictions Meeting on outdoor bans movement
Australia
No
Ban on mass gathering s of more than 500 people outdoors and 100 indoors. New limits on smaller indoor gathering s of fewer than 100 people. All nonessential services would be closed
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU countries
Access restrictions (incl. quarantine and border closure)
Lockdown Aid package levels
Australia ns urged to reconside r all “unneces sary travel”.
Closing the Orange border to non-residents from 9pm on Friday.
• • • • • • •
•
•
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
The Reserve Bank of Australia announced an emergency interest rate cut to 0.25%. $17.6 billion economic support package to encourage investment and keep people in jobs. Almost $100m provided to home care and home support providers. $12.3m to support the My Aged Care service. Banks will defer payments by small businesses for six months. Banks care considering a freeze on mortgage repayments for those that lose their jobs during the outbreak. Prime Minister Scott Morrison of Australia ordered many venues, including pubs, casinos, gyms and cinemas. Guests will be banned from attending weddings and no more than 10 mourners will be allowed to attend funerals under a new nationwide crackdown. Australians have also been ordered to stay inside and work from home as much as possible and cancel
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
Employment support measures
Cases confirmed and fatalities
Yes
4203 cases 17 fatalities
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Country
Restrictions Meeting on outdoor bans movement
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU countries
Access restrictions (incl. quarantine and border closure)
Lockdown Aid package levels
•
•
•
Canada
No. Residents are however encouraged to stay at home
Depende nt on Province. All Province s have bans on gathering s ranging from 50 or more in Alberta, BC, Manitoba to bans
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
Schools have been closed across Canada. Nonessential businesse s are closed across Canada. But this is decided by each
Yes. The border is closed to all nonresidents
The Canada- Yellow US border is open to US nationals completing essential travel. Air travel limited to four airports: Vancouver, Montreal, Toronto and Calgary.
Employment support measures
Cases confirmed and fatalities
Yes
6320 cases 65 fatalities
extended family barbecues, children's birthdays and dinner parties. Number of people able to get tested for COVID-19 has expanded to include healthcare workers and prisoners who have a fever. NSW has banned people from disembarking from cruise ships, after the Ruby Princess disaster. Government has launched a COVID19 app. • • •
• •
•
C$107 billion in stimulus. C$52 billion in direct support for individuals and companies. Workers can receive up to C$2000 a month if their income drops to zero. 10% wage subsidy for workers who see their hours cut. C$55 billion in temporary tax deferrals for households and businesses. Government have time limited (six months) emergency spending powers.
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Country
Restrictions Meeting on outdoor bans movement
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU countries
of 2 Province people of individually more in Ontario and Québec.
Access restrictions (incl. quarantine and border closure)
Lockdown Aid package levels
Employment support measures
Cases confirmed and fatalities
Those returning to Canada are legally required to quarantine for 14 days. New Brunswick and Ontario have border restrictions
China
Regional Depende Dependent on quarantines nt on province. province. are gradually Most large being firms have unwound. reopened. 80% of restaurant s and 60% of hotels reopened.
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
Halted most internatio nal flights.
Yes. All foreigners, including non-nationals with valid visas and residence permits before 28 March 2020, banned from entering. New visas now applied
Orange
• • • •
•
Increased funding support for virus- Unclear hit regions. Modified environmental supervision of companies to help the resumption of production. Targeted tax breaks and loan extensions to support businesses. People’s Bank of China cut the bank reserve requirement ratio by 50150bp. 50bp blanket cut set for all banks. Politburo has called for a new stimulus involving raising the fiscal deficit ratio, guiding a reduction in interest rates, delaying loan
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
82198 cases 3308 fatalities
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Country
Restrictions Meeting on outdoor bans movement
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU countries
Access restrictions (incl. quarantine and border closure)
for will be considered “for necessary economic, trade, scientific or technological activities or out of emergency humanitarian needs.”
Lockdown Aid package levels
Employment support measures
Cases confirmed and fatalities
repayments, boosting consumption and issuing special treasury bonds. President Xi Jinping said its fiscal policies will become “more proactive and forceful” with monetary policy being “more flexible and appropriate.”
People in Hubei province can leave if verified as healthy. People allowed to enter Wuhan but not allowed to leave. Restrictions on leaving set to be
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
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Country
Restrictions Meeting on outdoor bans movement
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU countries
Access restrictions (incl. quarantine and border closure)
Lockdown Aid package levels
Employment support measures
Cases confirmed and fatalities
lifted on 8 April 2020.
Hong Kong
India
No
Yes.
Yes
Yes
Nationwide lockdown until 15 April. All transport services air, rail and roadways – suspended until 14 April.
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
No
Only essential services open.
Resident s advised to stop travelling.
All Indian carriers have cancelled internatio All schools nal closed. flights.
Yes. All non- Orange residents will be banned from entering for 14 days starting Wednesday.
•
International Red flight ban extended to 14 April. This does not apply to allcargo flights.
•
Indian as well as foreign travellers banned from entering India if travelling from Europe,
•
• • • • •
HK$10,000 to permanent residents Yes whose finances have been hit by the spread of coronavirus Low interest loans with Government guarantees for small businesses Reduction in profits tax by 100%, subject to a ceiling of $20,000
682 cases 4 fatalities
Yes Covid-19 economic taskforce to be set up, which will look to take steps to minimise the blow to the economy $22.6 billion stimulus package. Direct cash transfers to farmers, daily wage labourers, senior citizens and widows. Free 5kg of wheat or rice per month for three months for low-income earners. Free cooking gas for low-income earners for three months. $66,000 medical insurance cover for every frontline health worker.
1071 cases 29 fatalities
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Country
Restrictions Meeting on outdoor bans movement
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU countries
Access restrictions (incl. quarantine and border closure)
Lockdown Aid package levels
Turkey or the United States. Central Government ordered all states to seal their borders and ordered migrants to remain where they are. Japan
No
Large events suspende d. Schools closed.
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
Museum, galleries and theme parks closed.
Advised not to travel to Iceland, some provinces of Italy, Spain and Switzerla nd.
Yes. Ban on Orange entry to travellers who have been in China, Iran or Italy 14 days before arrival.
•
• •
•
• •
Employment support measures
Cases confirmed and fatalities
From 1 April, the Indian Government will pay the Employment Provident Fund (EPF) contribution of both employers (12%) and employees (12%) for three months. Withdrawals of up to 75% of the EPF account credit will be able to be made. Deadline for paying disputed tax under ‘Vivad se Vishwas’ scheme extended States to request industries to allow employees to work from home and provide remuneration during this period. Yes Bank of Japan eased monetary policy by pledging to buy risky assets at double the current pace and a new loan-programme to extend one-year zero-rate loan to financial institutions Total $9.6bn financial aid package for SMEs and self-employed workers affected by coronavirus Low-interest loans for SMEs, particularly in the tourism industry The government will consider offer loans of up to 300 million yen at less than 1% annual interest to SMEs
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
1866 cases 54 fatalities
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Country
Restrictions Meeting on outdoor bans movement
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU countries
Access restrictions (incl. quarantine and border closure)
Lockdown Aid package levels
Employment support measures
Cases confirmed and fatalities
CHF32bn aid package to help support the economy, in addition to a previously announced CHF10bn package. The new package provides CHF20 billion for companies with liquidity problems to obtain transitional bank loans. Companies hit by the crisis will be able to defer payment of social insurance contributions temporarily and without interest.
Yes
15475 cases, 327 fatalities
SDG53.6 Billion stimulus package including corporate tax rebates and wage support. The package is specifically aimed at tourism, aviation, retail, food and transport services. SDG800 million for the health industry. SDG350 for the airline industry
Yes
879 cases 3 fatalities
whose sales have declined 5% or more due to the outbreak Switzerland
Singapore
No
No
Ban on gathering s of more than five people.
All bars, restaurant s and sports facilities closed. Schools closed until April.
Wideranging checks at land borders with surroundi ng Austria, France, Germany , and Italy.
People Orange coming from the four neighbouring countries and Spain, as well as all nonSchengen countries are now unable to enter. No further visas to be granted for any nonSwiss for three months.
Ban on gathering s of more than 10 people.
Bars, cinemas and all other entertainm ent outlets will be closed from
Significan t cuts in internatio nal flights
Yes. There is Orange now a ban on entry and transit.
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
Only workpass holders, including their
•
•
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
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Country
Restrictions Meeting on outdoor bans movement
Business and school closures
Thursday (March 26) till April 30 All inter school classes and activities cancelled. Malls, museums and restaurant s must reduce crowd density to stay open. UK
Yes.
Gatherin gs of Nationwide more lockdown than 2 reviewed on people a rollingbanned basis every unless 3 weeks. they live together.
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
All nonessential businesse s closed. Schools and nurseries closed to all except
Travel ban to EU countries
Access restrictions (incl. quarantine and border closure)
Lockdown Aid package levels
dependents, who are providing essential services will be allowed entry. Requirement to obtain approval from the Ministry of Manpower before travel.
Citizens No advised against all nonessential travel worldwid e and all citizens advised
Employment support measures
Cases confirmed and fatalities
A year long delay in the planned raise in the goods and services tax.
Red
• • • •
Yes £330bn made available of loan guarantees to businesses equivalent to 15% of GDP A 12-month business rate holiday for all retail, leisure and hospitality businesses. 3-month mortgage holiday for those who can’t pay bills. Ban on evictions for 3 months.
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
19,788 cases 1231 fatalities
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Country
Restrictions Meeting on outdoor bans movement
Business and school closures
First review Certain children of on 13 April. local key authoritie workers. s have closed parks.
Travel ban to EU countries
to return to the UK immediat ely.
Access restrictions (incl. quarantine and border closure)
Lockdown Aid package levels
•
• •
•
•
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
Employment support measures
Cases confirmed and fatalities
Cash grants of £10,000 for small firms, and £25,000 for medium sized retail, hospitality, and leisure businesses All Statutory Sick Pay costs for small businesses met by Government for 14 days. Loan scheme to support SMEs with the Government guaranteeing 80% of each loan up to £1.2m. Scheme will be interest free for 12 months. A Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme where any employer can apply for a grant to cover up to 80% of the wages of a worker who remains on payroll but temporarily cannot work because of the outbreak. A maximum grant of £2,500 can be issued for each worker. Backdated to 1 March and initially open for 3 months. The scheme will cover National Insurance contributions and minimum automatic enrolment employer pension contributions. Self-employed are eligible for taxable grants worth 80% of their taxable income, up to £2,500 per month, for three months. Accessible to anyone with trading profits of less
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
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Country
Restrictions Meeting on outdoor bans movement
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU countries
Access restrictions (incl. quarantine and border closure)
Lockdown Aid package levels
•
• • • •
• •
•
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
Employment support measures
Cases confirmed and fatalities
than £50,000 who filed a tax return for 2018/19 and who makes more than half of their total income come from self-employment. The scheme will be operation in June, with payments backdated to 1 March. Standard rate in Universal Credit and Tax Credits increased by £20 per week for 12 months, beginning on 6 April. VAT payments until end of June 2020 deferred. Income tax payments due in July 2020 deferred until January 2021. Wrongful trading rules suspended. A moratorium for companies from creditors enforcing their debts while they seek to restructure or implement a rescue plan. Supplies will also be protected during this moratorium. A new restructuring plan will be binding on creditors. Bank of England cut the base rate of interest to 0.1% Temporary special powers for Police, NHS staff and local authorities introduced in Coronavirus Bill. 6-month MOT exemption for all vehicle owners
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
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Country
Restrictions Meeting on outdoor bans movement
Business and school closures
Travel ban to EU countries
Access restrictions (incl. quarantine and border closure)
Lockdown Aid package levels
US
No
No
Yes
Yes
National: • Yellow • (state-bystate • restrictions differ)
No. Urging State-based public to restrictions avoid in place gathering s of more than 10 people
Statebased restrictions in place
• •
•
• •
•
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
Employment support measures
Yes National Emergency declared $42bn in resources for states and localities. Government will defer up to $300 billion in tax payments, allowing individuals to defer up to a million dollars and corporations to defer up to $10 million — interest-free and penalty-free for 90 days. President Trump signed $8.3bn emergency coronavirus spending package on 6th March. Federal Reserve will establish a Commercial Paper Funding Facility (CPFF) to support the flow of credit to households and businesses. Federal government guidance is important, but state and local authorities have ability to issue stay at home orders. Senate has passed a $2 trillion coronavirus relief bill. A record 3.3 million people filed for unemployment insurance last week – the biggest spike in jobless claims in US history. President Trump announced his administration will extend its "15 Days to Slow the Spread" guidelines until April 30th.
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
Cases confirmed and fatalities
143055 cases 2513 fatalities
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Get in touch To find out more or to discuss this document in further detail, please do speak with the Cicero/AMO team:
Helena Walsh Managing Director EU Public Affairs
Helena.walsh@cicero-group.com +32 (0)2 612 8152
COVID-19 EU and Global Response
Megan Ridderhof Account Manager
Megan.ridderhof@cicero-group.com +44 (0)20 7297 5973
Salvatore Ferrara Account Manager
Salvatore.ferrara@cicero-group.com +44 (0)20 7297 5968
30th March 2020, 15:30 GMT/16:30 CET
Ben Roback Senior Account Manager
Ben.roback@cicero-group.com +44 (0)20 7297 5964
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