Hybrid or Electric Shuttles

Nashville Civic Design Center Hybrid or Electric Shuttles Cities 1) Chattanooga, TN 2) Quebec, QC

Additional buses: http://www.texaseso.com/PERPETUAL%20MOTORS%20ALLIANCES.HTML

Chattanooga,TN website: http://www.carta-bus.org/routes/elec_shuttle.asp The Downtown Electric Shuttle is the easiest way to get around Downtown Chattanooga. It's a FREE ride!

Electric buses run daily* about every 5 minutes from the Chattanooga Choo Choo to the Tennessee Aquarium with stops every block in between. Convenient access to the attractions, convention center, shopping, hotels & employment sites in the Downtown area. All Shuttle buses are wheelchair accessible. In service since 1992, CARTA’s Downtown Shuttle service has recorded over 11.3 million passenger trips. The quiet,

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environmentally friendly, electric buses have run more than 1.9 million miles saving an estimated 65 tons of pollutants.

website: http://www.hillsboroughmpo.org/acl_users/credentials_cookie_auth/login_form?came_from=http %3A//www.hillsboroughmpo.org/whatshappening/currentprojects/downtown-circulator-study/folder_listing Downtown Circulator Study Chattanooga Peer Review The Downtown Electric Shuttle, operated by the Chattanooga Area Regional Transportation Authority (CARTA) was an initiative to help revitalize downtown Chattanooga. Initially, the shuttle was proposed to connect the Tennessee Aquarium, built in 1989, to major landmarks within the downtown. The Mayor pushed for the shuttle service and stipulated that diesel buses should not be used, which led to the creation of the electric buses. The electric buses are wheelchair accessible and environmentally friendly.

The shuttle service began in 1992 with federal funding from the Federal Transit Administration. Details of initial funding can be found in the “Funding” section below. The Electric Shuttle is a free ride and provides no transfers. Since its inception, the electric shuttle allows for easy access to hotels, shopping, employment centers and entertainment/recreational venues.

Hours of Service 6:30 am to 7:30 pm 9:00 am to 7:30 pm

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* The Downtown Shuttle runs daily except New Year's Day, Thanksgiving Day & Christmas Day. The Shuttle runs on a holiday schedule on Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day & Labor Day. Route The Electric Shuttle runs along a north-south route, mainly along Market and Broad Streets, from the Shuttle Park South parking garage to the Shuttle Park North parking garage (shown in attached map). The route intercepts the three major highway arterials that enter downtown. The shuttle runs daily, about every 5 minutes from the Chattanooga Choo Choo to the Tennessee Aquarium, with stops at every block in between.

Ridership The Electric Shuttle averages 1 million riders per year and is comprised mostly of commuters and visitors.

Since service began in 1992, an estimated 11.3 million passengers have used the Downtown Electric Shuttle.

Annual ridership started at approximately 400,000 and steadily increased to the current average of 1 million annual riders. The following table shows a sample monthly and daily ridership for the Downtown Electric Shuttle.

Downtown Electric Shuttle Monthly and Daily Ridership June 2006 Monthly Weekday 59,077 Saturday 10,633 Sunday 5,614 Daily Weekday 2,685 Saturday 2,658 Sunday 1,403

Source: CARTA, 2006 Funding CARTA received a $16 million grant from the Federal Transit Administration to construct three parking garages and purchase 12 buses to initiate the shuttle service. In 1994, the first garage (South Garage) was completed with 550 parking spaces, retail area on the ground floor and a vehicle recharging station. In 1996, the North Garage opened with 650 parking spaces and retail on the ground floor. The third garage was not built due to funding constraints. CARTA receives $50,000 in rent per year, from the Bijou Cinema in the North Garage as well as a percentage of the concession sales. In addition, CARTA receives revenue from Ruginas and Holiday Inn through leases at the South Garage.

The majority of the funding for operating the Electric Shuttle is derived from parking revenues (about 2/3 of the operating costs). The remainder is funded through CARTA’s General Operating Fund and the annual operating cost is $900,000 per year.

Supporting Policies and Strategies Parking and revitalization strategies provide much of the policy support for the operation of the Electric Shuttle system. The construction of the two parking garages not only provided parking spaces, it allowed for greater connectivity between the north and south ends of downtown and funding sources for operating costs.

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The Electric Shuttle has proven successful over the years in the revitalization of downtown. CARTA is planning to build a new parking garage on the north shore of the Tennessee River, which would allow commuters and visitors to park even further out and use the Electric Shuttle for traveling through downtown. CARTA expects that their current fleet of 12 buses will be sufficient to accommodate the trips to and from the new parking garage. Since the Central Garage was not constructed, CARTA uses only 6 to 8 of the original 12 buses, at peak times.

Notes from the U.S. Department of Energy Case Study “Electric Buses Energize Downtown Chattanooga”: The 22ft electric bus can carry 22 seated passengers and about 8 to 10 standees; hte 31 fotters can carry 25 seated passengers and 5 to 7 standees.

Each bus has at elast two sets of lead acid batteries. The battery packs for the DC buses weigh about 1,000 punds and they can easily be exchanged in about 10 to 15 minutes. These buses usually run on a freshly charged battery pack as the depleted pack is charged. The AC buses, on the other hand, have battery packs that weigh about 3,000 pounds and care not so easily replaced. If an AC bus is needed immediately, the batteries are changed out; otherwise, the batteries are charged in place inside the bus. A full charge takes about 6 to 8 hours, but a rapid-charge system is being developed that would charge a battery in 2 hours or less.

Purchase cost: $160,000 to $180,000 for 22- and 31- ft electric buses See doc. for “Paying for itself” section Vendor:

Advanced Vehicle Systems Inc 7801 Lee Hwy Chattanooga, TN 37421-1030 (423) 821-3146

Quebec, QC website: http://www.auto123.com/en/news/green-wheels/small-electric-buses-hit-the-streets-of-quebec-city? artid=98098 On Monday, at Place d'Youville in Quebec City, the Honourable Lawrence Cannon, Minister of Transport, Infrastructure and Communities and Minister responsible for Quebec, along with Régis Labeaume, Mayor of Quebec City, and Julie Boulet, Quebec Minister of Transport, unveiled eight new electric microbuses.

These small environmentally-friendly buses were launched into service a couple of weeks ago. However, it was only yesterday that the various governments made the official introduction.

This new service, which covers Old Quebec, Parliament Hill and Old Port/Place Royale, will be free for all users for a two-year period, after which the City of Quebec will evaluate the necessity to expand the program and the number of vehicles.

Developed as part of Transport Canada's Urban Transportation Showcase Program, one of the highlights of the government's "Building Canada" infrastructure plan, the new electric buses also fit in with Quebec City's Programme de gestion intégrée des déplacements dans le Vieux-Québec. The Urban Transportation Showcase Program funds projects that demonstrate the impacts of strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from urban transportation and expand the range and convenience of sustainable transportation options for Canadians.

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According to Mr. Cannon, the federal government is committed to ensuring a cleaner, healthier environment for all Canadians. This principle is the cornerstone behind the Harper administration's "Turning the Corner" action plan to reduce greenhouse gases and air pollution, as well as many other environmental priorities.

Launched during Environment Week, this North American first also "underscores the government's resolve to find real, long-term solutions to clean up our air."

Building Canada is a $33-billion, 7-year plan which includes a $500 million provision for 2008. All that money comes from the Gas Tax Fund, providing continuous, predictable funding to municipalities across the country. A total of $2 billion a year is invested in infrastructure modernization and public transit improvement. The success of the program means that the Gas Tax Fund will in all likelihood be extended beyond 2014 and become a permanent measure.

Quebec City's electric microbus project is valued at $12.2 million. The partners have committed the following amounts: * $4.2 million over two years from the Quebec government; * $2 million from the federal government; * $5.6 million from Quebec City; * $325,000 from the Réseau de transport de la capitale.

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Vendor: Tecnobus Via Pietrarotonda, Km 1,100 Frosinone FR Lazio 03100 website: http://www.tecnobus.it/home/en/contattaci.html website: http://www.streetsblog.org/2007/07/24/the-new-parisian-street-scene/ Paris is also building new "microbus" lines that circulate through neighborhood streets delivering commuters to subways, trains and major bus lines. "The toyish vehicles," Nadal says, "are almost as fun as the old street cars." The have low floors and wide sliding doors that allow simultaneous boarding and alighting. The microbuses hold up to 22 passengers, 10 seated, 12 standing and room for one wheelchair. They run on dieselelectric hybrid engines and they are testing a system that reportedly saves up to 20 percent in fuel and emissions by automatically shutting down the engine when the bus is not in motion. The buses cost 85,000 Euros each.

The microbuses stop at 15 cm high platforms for easy loading and unloading.

This particular bus stop in the working-class, ethnically diverse Porte de la Villette neighborhood was built along with widened sidewalks, a physically-separated bike lane, new trees, and reduced motor vehicle traffic. On the other side of the street -- not visible in the photos -- is a neighborhood park recently built on a former railyard.

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Hybrid or Electric Buses Models 1) Orion VII Next Generation Hybrid-Electric Buses 2) ebus Orion VII Next Generation Hybrid-Electric Buses Cities: New York, NY Athens, GA Ottawa, ON website: http://www.autobloggreen.com/tag/Orion+VII+Next+Generation+Hybrid-Electric/ There was a bevy of transit officials and politicians assembled Friday at West Brighton's Castleton Depot as the first 15 Orion VII Next Generation Hybrid-Electric buses were officially feted on Staten Island. These are just a few of the 850 strong order on its way to New York. Staten Island will receive 159 of these which will make the gas-saving hybrids a full 51 percent of the fleet. At $514,000 apiece the buses aren't cheap, but officials expect them to require less maintenance as well as save 50,000 gallons of fuel over their 12-year life.

Besides the hybrid technology the buses also boast smarts of another kind and can transmit all sorts of data, from the inside temperature to the number of times the doors are opened. Other features range from small touches like LED bulbs to client conveniences such as a lower floor for easier boarding and a flip out ramp to accommodate wheelchairs or passengers with strollers.

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website: http://www.transitblogger.com/buses/more-on-the-new-generation-hybrid-electric-buses.php Sleek, modernistic and efficient. These are hardly the words one usually uses when describing a bus, but that could soon change with the introduction of a new fleet of Orion VII New Generation Hybrid-Electric buses, which are now making their first runs on Staten Island.

The new buses, part of an 850 bus order, boast an attractive new look that sets them apart from current buses. The Orion VII has a traffic-stopping, modern design aimed at appealing to bus customers. Aside from its unique look, the Orion VII Next Generation bus incorporates proven hybrid-electric technology which offers efficient operation and reduced tailpipe emissions.

“Our Staten Island bus customers are the first to benefit from these attractive new transit coaches. Aside from being pleased by their good looks, all Staten Islanders will appreciate their clean air propulsion systems.

These buses represent a huge step forward for New York City Transit,” said Joseph Smith, MTA NYC Transit Senior Vice President for Buses.

One hundred and twenty-five of the new buses will be assigned to Staten Island, replacing buses built in the early 1990s. These buses will be powered by BAE Systems’ HybriDrive(R) diesel-electric hybrid propulsion system. All 850 buses are scheduled to be delivered by 2010.

The MTA and NYC Transit have been pioneers in the development of Hybrid bus technology, with experience going back more than a decade. The technology boasts lower exhaust emissions and improved fuel Nashville Civic Design Center • Urban Design / Policy Brief • Hybrid / Electric Shuttle Buses • www.civicdesigncenter.org

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economy over standard buses. Bus customers also benefit from the low-floor design of the Hybrid Electrics.

When completed, the current order will bring the MTA’s diesel-electric hybrid bus fleet to nearly 1,700 buses, the largest diesel-electric hybrid fleet in the world. website: http://www.indiacar.net/news/n72279.htm MISSISSAUGA, Ontario, -- Daimler Buses North America has received orders totaling 1,052 Orion VII Next Generation diesel-electric hybrid transit buses from some of North America's largest transit authorities.

MTA New York City Transit has ordered 850 and the City of Ottawa (OC Transpo) 202 Orion VII Next Generation diesel-electric hybrid transit buses. These buses will be powered by BAE Systems' Hybri Drive(R) diesel-electric hybrid propulsion system and delivered into 2010.

With already 1,100 diesel-electric hybrid transit buses on the road, 460 pending deliveries and the announced new orders of almost 1,052 units, Orion received over 2,600 orders since the launch of the Orion hybrid bus in 2003.

"Daimler focuses on shaping the future of transportation through initiatives for greater fuel economy and lower emissions in commercial vehicles," said Andreas Renschler, Member of the Board of Management of Daimler AG and Head of Daimler Trucks Division. "In North America, where public-private partnerships create the right conditions, hybrid buses have proven to be an ideal solution for modern urban city transportation.

With the orders announced today, we have again proven our leadership and responsibility in this field."

This order will bring the MTA's diesel-electric hybrid bus fleet to almost 1,700 units, making it the largest diesel-electric hybrid fleet in the world. With this order, Orion transit buses will account for almost 50 percent of MTA New York City Transit's entire fleet.

OC Transpo has ordered 202 Orion VII Next Generation diesel-electric hybrid transit buses to be delivered by 2009. This delivery will make OC Transpo the third largest hybrid bus fleet in Canada.

The Orion VII Next Generation diesel-electric hybrid transit buses from Daimler are powered by BAE Systems' HybriDrive(R) propulsion system. This series hybrid system is driven by a single electric motor that is powered by a diesel-driven generator and an energy storage unit.

A majority of the deliveries previously mentioned will incorporate lithium-ion battery energy storage technology. The clean-diesel engine is smaller than that used in conventional buses and runs at nearly constant speed for clean operation and optimum efficiency.

To further boost efficiency, the vehicle has a "regenerative braking" system that uses the drive motor to slow the bus, effectively turning the motor into a generator that produces additional current to charge the energy storage system. The feature also reduces brake wear, reducing the need for brake maintenance.

Compared to standard diesel propulsion, these hybrid buses deliver up to 30 percent better fuel economy while greatly reducing emissions: 90 percent less particulate matter, 40 percent less NOx and 30 percent fewer greenhouse gases. Drivers and riders enjoy a quieter, cleaner and smoother ride.

"Orion has solidified itself as the leading manufacturer of diesel-electric hybrid transit buses in North America," said Dr. Andreas Strecker, President and CEO of Daimler Buses North America. "As a manufacturer, employer and corporate citizen, it gives us great satisfaction to contribute to energy efficiency and emissions reductions in cities and communities. Further, we are extremely pleased with the new orders and the confidence our customers have in our products and our company. We look forward to delivering these new buses in the coming months."

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Daimler Buses North America, headquartered in Greensboro, N.C. (United States), is a company of the Daimler AG. It combines three trusted commercial bus brands under one corporate structure: Orion transit buses, Setra motorcoaches, and the Dodge Sprinter shuttle bus.

Backed by the advanced technological expertise and financial strength of its parent Daimler AG, the global leader in commercial vehicles, Daimler Buses North America provides the commercial bus market with a powerful combination of product knowledge, resources, and service/support systems. website: http://wheels.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/12/19/does-this-bus-go-to-the-future/ Daimler Buses North America announced on Monday that the New York Metropolitan Transit Authority has ordered 850 diesel-electric hybrid Orion VII Next Generation buses. The M.T.A. first announced its intent to order new buses in October, pending approval of the agency’s board. The order will increase the number of M.T.A. hybrid-electric buses to nearly 1,700, the largest fleet of hybrid-electrics in the world.

The buses, built in Mississauga, Ontario, and Oriskany, N.Y., will go into service in 2010 and include a hybrid powertrain that uses an electric motor to power the wheels, and a small diesel engine to charge the batteries.

Like the upcoming (we think) Chevrolet Volt, the diesel engine will only charge the lithium-ion batteries, and all motive power will come from the electric motor. The combination will give the buses substantial torque for quick getaways from stops, and promises to increase fuel economy by up to 30 percent while reducing emissions. Because of the smaller and cleaner diesel engine, greenhouse gas emissions will be reduced by 30 percent, oxides of nitrogen by 40 percent and particulates, the usual bane of diesels, by up to 90 percent.

All good news. The only thing left to ponder is why, in the photo accompanying the press release, the apparently rogue — and visibly driverless — bus-of-the-future is careering across Columbus Avenue to make a left turn onto 63rd Street, against the posted one-way prohibitions (not pictured). Surely, even in 2010, the M11 will continue its immutable trundle down Columbus? website: http://www.orionbus.com/orion/ 0-867-584131-1-10945-1-0-0-0-0-1-10595-584008-0-0-0-0-0-0-0.html

Seating capacity: up to 44 passengers Length: 30’, 35’, 40’ Width: 102" Height: 118.5” over roof hatch (Diesel); 135” (CNG); 132” (Hybrid) Wheelbase: 190” (30’), 226” (35’), 286” (40’) Step height (f/r): 14.5” from ground, 11” kneeled Overhang (f/r): 86,5” front, 118” rear (incl. bumper) Floor height (aisle): 15.5” Door width: Front (Slide Glide) 36,5”;Rear (Slide Glide) 36,5 “ Turning radius: 29’-8” - 43’-3” Tire size: 305/70 R 22.5 Nashville Civic Design Center • Urban Design / Policy Brief • Hybrid / Electric Shuttle Buses • www.civicdesigncenter.org

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Electrical system: Solid State Multiplex 24 V Engine: Cummins, ISL C8.3G ISB (Hybrid) Transmission: Allison B 400 R, ZF HP592, Voith D864 Axles: Front Meritor FH946 16,500 lb; Rear Meritor 61163 28,600 lb Suspension: Full air ride Brakes: “S” Cam Drum, Auto Slack Adjusters Fuel tank capacity: 125 US Gallons (Diesel); 100 US Gallons (Hybrid) GVWR (pounds): 42,540 HVAC: Thermo King (rear mount); AC 108.000 BTU, Heat 95.000 BTU, Defroster 59.000 BTU Ramp: Front entrance 32” x 44”, flip out

Comparison report of Orion VII Generation I and Generation II avaiable at: http://www.osti.gov/bridge

Vendor: Daimler Buses North America (http://www.dcbusna.com/dcbusna/ 0-866-575734-1-0-0-0-0-0-0-1-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0.html)

ebus website and vendor: http://www.ebus.com.

Hybrid-Electric Bus: Ebus hybrid-electric buses are designed to seat 22 passengers, plus standees, and are fully ADA compliant, making them ideal for a variety of applications and routes including: circulator, shuttle, campus and neighborhood service.

For those transit applications requiring greater range than battery-electric propulsion can provide, or where it is not feasible to provide fast-charging on the route, Ebus offers a proven, ultra-low emission micro-turbine as an onboard hybrid generator. When so equipped, the range is limited only by the amount of fuel in the tank.

There are two versions of the micro-turbine: one operating on HD-5 propane and the other on low sulfur diesel fuel. The micro-turbine is supplied by Capstone Turbine Corporation and has been certified by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) for transit applications. The micro-turbine is clearly the most costeffective solution to extending range, while maintaining clean and quiet operation.

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Fast Charge Electric Bus: Battery-electric propulsion is the cleanest, quietest and most economical propulsion method available today.

Driving range for the Ebus Electric Bus is approximately 45 miles between charges, which can be accomplished in about 30 minutes with the Ebus-built 90KW Fast-Charger.

The Electric Bus is ideal on urban circulator routes, university campuses, or in residential neighborhoods where the very low noise level is appreciated. The 22-foot long bus accomodates 22 seated passengers and 10 standees.

Regenerative braking also increases the energy efficiency of each bus by returning energy to the battery system whenever the vehicle is decelerating. Low maintenance nickel cadmium batteries provide about 45 miles of operation between charges and have a life expectancy of up to 2,000 cycles.

The Ebus 22 foot Fast-Charge Electric Bus is starts at $295,000, plus taxes and shipping. The 90KW FastCharger is priced at $58,000 and can support multiple buses or trolleys.

Fuel Cell Bus: The Opportunity With Federal and State agencies working to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels, the transportation industry is searching for an alternative. Hydrogen is emerging as the long-term solution.

Why Hydrogen?

Hydrogen is the most common element. Hydrogen can be extracted through reformation of natural gas or electrolysis of water. The electric power for the electrolysis can in the future come from renewable sources, such as sun or wind. In the meantime, hydrogen is already being produced in vast quantities from natural gas for industrial purposes, such as petroleum refining and hydrogenization of vegetable oils (margarine). Diverting just a small amount of that hydrogen for transportation would support thousands of fuel cell buses thus bridging the transition to a renewable source of hydrogen.

Why is the Ebus Plug-in Electric Fuel Cell Bus significantly less expensive than existing fuel cell buses?

Ebus Plug-in Electric Fuel Cell Bus - $650,000/one or $495,000/four or more

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Other Fuel Cell Buses - $2,000,000+/one The Ebus Plug-in Electric Fuel Cell bus is derived from its proven and compact (22 foot) battery-electric bus, therefore requiring a much smaller fuel cell system. The bus platform was specially designed from the beginning to accommodate a large battery, placed between the axles for the lowest possible center of gravity. The Ebus fuel cell systems is built around the Ballard fuel cell stack. Ballard is recognized as the worldwide leader in fuel cell stacks.

Fuel cell bus projects by other companies, on the other hand, have been conversions of ordinary full-size diesel buses, none of which ever existed in pure battery-electric form. Without a large battery, the fuel cell system has to be much larger, as well as the size of the hydrogen tanks, increasing the cost dramatically.

The Fuel Cell bus developed by Ebus is the most affordable on the market today at $650,000. As with all Ebus vehicles, fleet pricing and discounts are available.

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