ILLUSTRATIVE TECHNICAL REPORT
CARYL QUEJA 06782132
DAN135 ADVANCED TOPICS IN ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGIES 1
SUSTAINABLE VISION
REVISITING THE VISION
SITE ANALYSIS & CONCLUSIONS
The vision for a sustainable building and technologies include: (1) the promotion of diversity of landscape elements, (2) reducing resource dependency and maximising use of natural services such as renewable energy; and (3) creating ‘places’ through delightful and healthy environments. The theme, resilience, encompasses a deliberate process of expanding future options and meaningful life choices. The ongoing management of the building and its technologies should be acnowledged as an inherent aspect of design, so that the outcome is self-sustaining, shifting away from the ‘obsolescence’.
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N The building is sited at an idea orientation which benefits from solar access
W
SELECTED BUILDING
The site is dominated by a hardscape which contributes to the Heat Island Effect
E The proximity to a major transport route means that noise and air pollution are big issues in the filtering effects of the building.
Frequent South-East Winds
Frequent Southern Winds
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PROGRAMME
PROGRAMMATIC REQUIREMENTS
SUSTAINABLE BUILDING FOR COMMERCIAL
Specific hours of use means automatic sensors would be useful in controlling lighting. Primarily used by individuals, higher lighting requirements, can have operable systems (windows) and manual control of thermal environment.
SERVICE AREAS (LIFTS, FIRE STAIRS, ETC.)
Specific hours of use, however, more frequent and larger use of energy due to activity. Thermal comfort is a big factor and provision of appropriate lighting will range from general to high levels of luminance. Views are also important. Public usage of the space means more general application of heating/cooling requirements as well as lighting. However, will have individual areas which will require higher illuminance (reading). View and connection to the outside is not difficult.
CREATIVE STUDIOS BUILDING 2 ON SITE
OFFICES
LIBRARY/PUBLIC USE
Retail areas are generally open to the outside. Requires displacement ventilation to save energy. Integration of natural systems for the outdoor areas will help PUBLIC USE/RETAIL & FOYER enhance the atmosphere and facilitate cooling and shading.
SUSTAINABLE REQUIREMENTS OF COMMERCIAL BUILDING
ENERGY - Minimise Greenhouse gas emissions - Reduce peak energy demand and on energy supply infrastructure - Energy sub-metering to facilitate on-going management of energy consumption.
WATER - Reduce potable water consumption. - Reduce use of potable water for landscape irrigation and fire sprinkler. - Reduce stormwater run-off - Employ water meters.
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HEATING & COOLING Targets the well-being of occupants. Utilises Mechanically Assisted Naturally Ventilated Spaces. HVAC Systems clearly sized to accommodate the increased outside air rates. Minimise VOC’s Allow user control
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LIGHTING Take into account comfort factors (external views, individual climate control & noise) Minimum 250 lux for public areas. Office spaces illuminance level of no more than 400 lux. Room depth is less than 7metres depth from window. Lightwell to be 8m depth.
WASTE & MATERIALS - Low VOC in paints, adhesive & carpets/flooring. - Light colour surface. - Use of recycled materials or renewable sources. - Consider embodied energy of building’s lifecycle - Reduce stormwater run-off
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INTEGRATION
OVERALL SITE PLAN 1:500
MASSING: INTEGRATION & OBJECTIVES
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Solar Concentrators - Calculated area to supply near the amount of energy required for the building.
Biowalls integrated into the internal of the building to filter air and provide delight
CAR PARK under
Modular Extensive Green Roof Located to provide access to users.
Bioswales/raingarden to be spread along the building, to capture stormwater run-off coming from roof downspouts Location of modular extensive green roof, with light-medium growth media for wildlife habitat and overall cooling of the building. Roof area covered by solar concentration systems in order to provide sufficient energy for the building.
PROMOTION OF DIVERSITY
This is largely encouraged by the extensive use of natural systems (bioswale, green roof, trellis systems and biowall) to restore the current environment and provide habitat. This also creates delightful places and possess multiple functions such as cooling, shading and filtering the air. Such technologies/ systems have the common requirement of water, in which it is integrated in the water managment system of the building, focusing on stormwater recycling.
Lightwell located at the centre of the building to provide lighting deep into the plan.
Bioswales spread throughout the site to maximise stormwater capture
RENEWABLE TECHNOLOGIES
Resilient technologies reduce the dependency of external sources in order to operate the building. Therefore,renewable and reusable energy, which harvest solar energy is deployed in the building, primarily the parabolic trough solar concentrator and photovoltaic modules on facade. On site facilities have been considered and the way in which it generates electricity to the building and to the grid.
CREATING ‘PLACES’
The objectives of this key area is to create a “place” in our buildings, which embodies attention to the indoor envrionment quality of a building.Therefore, the key area investigates on facade, envelope and filtering systems, which aim to provide a pleasant and healthy environment, that take advantage of natural processes and techniques, such as natural ventilation and daylighting. This is deployed through lightwell, double-skin facade and also the trellis walls
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INTEGRATION
INTEGRATION 1:200
INTEGRATION OF TECHNOLOGIES - BUILDING SECTION 01
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT SOLAR CONCENTRATION
To supply for daily security of hot water and to contribute back to the grid but also be stored on site.
Located as the centrepiece of the building, to provide natural element, filtering indoor air and facilitating natural cooling of the building.
Section
Two lightwells located at the centre to provide natural daylight deep into the plan of building. Also to be integrated with the facade of the building and HVAC requirements.
STUDIO OFFICES OFFICES
OFFICES
LIBRARY
LIBRARY
LIBRARY
LIBRARY
LIBRARY/RETAIL
RETAIL
CAR PARK
PHOTOVOLTAIC (ON FACADE)
To be integrated into the facade design to capture solar rays and provide enough energy to supply for lighting and other appliances. It also acts as extra supply when the weather conditions for solar concentration is poor
DOUBLE-SKIN FACADE
Wraps all around the building, to faciliate heating and cooling by passive means and contribute to reduction in energy consumption
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUC
BIOWALLS
LIGHTWELL
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INTEGRATION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT
INTEGRATION 1:200
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT
INTEGRATION OF TECHNOLOGIES - BUILDING SECTION 02
GREEN ROOF
An extensive green roof covers the majority of the roof surface, underneath the solar concentrators - a xeriscape garden; but also includes some plants in the northern area for wildlife habitat.
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S05 - Long Section 1 : 500
BIOSWALE/RAINGARDEN
Bioswale/raingarden are located near roof downspouts to capture stormwater run-off and act as water storage. To be integrated with water recycyling system to reserve water for irrigation.
STUDIO OFFICES OFFICES
TRELLIS WALL
A Trellis system covers the western facade to act as shade and control of glare from low western sun.
LIBRARY LIBRARY LIBRARY/RETAIL
CAR PARK
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S05 - Short Section
No.
Description
Date
Owner
1 : 200
Long Section 01 Project number
www.autodesk.com/revit
Project Name
Date Drawn by Checked by
Project Number
Z0025
Issue Date Author Checker
Scale
As indicated
INTEGRATION
INTEGRATION 1:250
ENERGY INTEGRATION (OVERALL)
COLLECTION OF ENERGY Energy is primarily collected through solar concentrators and photovoltaic modules. Harvested solar energy is delivered into the heat exchanger and solar inverter to produce both direct electricity, and back to the grid. The heat produced by the process (usually waste) is converted to provide for the hot water systems in the building.
Solar Concentrators
Photovoltaic Modules on Facade Electrical Risers & Distribution Boards
Plant room containing heaters & heat pump
Heat Exchanger Solar Inverter
Thermal Storage Tanks
steam condenser
Generator Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF)
Turbine
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INTEGRATION
INTEGRATION 1:250
WATER INTEGRATION (OVERALL) COLLECTION OF WATER
Rooftop water tanks
Green Roof catchment
The building focuses on stormwater collection. Water is collected from green roofs and bioswale providing storage through natural means but also through rainwater tanks. The water harvested is kept for irrigation use, especially for the other natural technologies in the building.
Trellis System
Plant room containing pumps
stormwater run-off
Bioswale with integrated recycling system Rainwater & Recycled Water Storage Tanks
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Description
INPUT-OUTPUT DIAGRAM
Date
Long Section 01
Owner
RESOURCES, PRODUCTION & WASTE
Project number Date
Project Name
www.autodesk.com/revit
Drawn by Checked by
Project Number
Z002
Issue Date Author Checker
Scale
As indicated
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT PRODUCT
1 : 500
No.
INPUT
ENERGY TECHNOLOGY
TRANSFER & DISTRIBUTION
Grid Electricity
17/05/2013 2:36:14 PM
INTEGRATION
S05 - Short Section
OUTPUT SERVICES Electricity
Solar Tracker System Solar Concentration Solar Energy Photovoltaics
Bioswale Rain water
Native Plants & Soil
Green Roof
Heat Pump Heat Exchanger
Process Heat Building Plant Room
Storage Tanks
Hot Water (Sinks & Shower) Heating Cooling Artificial Lighting
Built-in water absorber Soil & plant media
Irrigation Water
Biowall
Fire Sprinkler water
Trellis System
Outside Lighting
Lightwell
Air Plenums (Inlet)
Dampers & Louvres
Natural Daylighting
Outside Air
Double-skin Facade
Air Handling Unit
Air Ducts
Air Supply
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KEY AREA
INTEGRATION 1:50
ENERGY Note: Calculation of area required for Solar Concentrators Size of Parabolic Trough Solar Collector : 1m x 4m per module. Rated Output: 800W Energy Generation per module: Area of Collector (1.25sqm) x Rated Output (800W) = 4.24kW/h Current Area of Building Roof: 447sqm Building Area: 3085sqm Energy Use Per day (Rule of Thumb for Commercial Buildings): 0.496Kwh/sqm per day Total Energy needed: 1530Kwh per day Total Energy / Energy Generated by Collector = requires approximately 360sqm of solar collectors
LIFT
LIFT
LIFT
SOLAR ENERGY IS DELIVERED TO SOLAR INVERTERS, CONNECTED TO DISTRIBUTION MAIN TO PROVIDE ELECTRICITY TO THE BUILDING
CIRCULATION SPACE
CIRCULATION SPACE
CIRCULATION SPACE
OFFICES
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KEY AREA
INTEGRATION 1:50
WATER
MODULAR EXTENSIVE GREEN ROOF
ROOF DOWNSPOUT GREEN ROOF IRRIGATION PUMPED BACK INTO STORAGE TANK
STUDIOS
DIAGRAMMATIC SECTION OF GREEN ROOF ROOF LEVEL DIAGRAMMATIC SECTION OF BIOSWALE LANDCAPE LEVEL
LIBRARY
PLANT ROOM BEHIND WARM AIR IS COOLED BY THE PLANTS REUSED BASEMENT FOUNDATION
BIOSWALE
RIVER ROCK WATERPROOF LINER
STORMWATER DRAIN AND OVERFLOW FILTER FABRIC
COOL AIR PASSES THROUGH THE PLENUM
AIR PLENUM CAR PARK BELOW
PERFORATED STRUCTURAL PIPE PUMP
GREEN ROOF IRRIGATION
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KEY AREA
INTEGRATION 1:50
LIFT
LIFT
LIFT
CIRCULATION SPACE
HEATING & COOLING AND LIGHTING PROGRAMME
TYPICAL PATTERNS OF USE
LIGHITING REQUIRED
SOLUTION
RETAIL
Fluctuations in the occupation of space at any given time.
Daylighting and artificial lighting.
Manually operated (specific times)
LIBRARY
Usually occupied by the large crowds
Daylighting in most circulation Manually operated (specific areas but requires medium-high times), employ efficient lighting, illuminance lighting levels for use solar energy reading.
OFFICES
Usually occupied by people, performing specific kind of activities.
Daylighting; likely to leave lights Occupancy sensors with dimming on and requires high capailities; task luminaire with illuminance of lighting in some lower ambient lighiting levels. areas
FOYERS
Usually occupied but not in a static sense.
Daylighting and low illuminance Automatic daylight-driven lighting dimming and on-and-off control. LED lighting.
STUDIOS
Occassional occupied, specific Daylighting; may be switched kind of activities. on and off
Occupancy sensors with dimming capailities; task luminaire with lower ambient lighiting levels. Can also be manually operated
CIRCULATION SPACE
CIRCULATION SPACE
OFFICES
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DETAILS
DETAILS 1:20
SOLAR CONCENTRATION DIAGRAM
SOLAR RAYS
PARABOLIC TROUGH SOLAR CONCENTRATORS WITH TRACKING SYSTEM
ABSORBER
HEAT TRANSFER FLUID
MODULAR EXTENSIVE ROOF COOL AND PROTECT ROOF
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DETAILS
DETAILS 1:20
FACADE SYSTEMS
VERTICAL UNISTRUCT SUPPORT BRACKET
SUSPENDED CEILING WITH CEILING PLENUMS TO LET HOT AIR OUT
SPRINKLER SYSTEM ALUMINIUM EDGE PROFILE
GRID
CEILING PLENUM
HORIZONTAL BRACKET SEALING INTERCONNECTOR
BUILDING INTEGRATED TRANSPIRED PHOTOVOLTAIC PANEL
CEILING PLENUM HOT AIR RISES
EVA OPERABLE WINDOW (MANUAL)
TRIPLE GLAZING UNIT AIR OUTLET FOR COOL AIR
DOUBLE-SKIN FACADE WITH INTEGRATED PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM
SOLAR ABSORPTION PANEL WTH WATERPROOFING COATING
HORIZONTAL FINS ACTS AS SHADE, PROTECTION FROM GLARE AND LIGHT SHELF
PLENUM FOR AIR SUPPLY FIXED LOUVRES FOR VENTILATION GRATING BETWEEN FLOORS
CONCRETE SLAB TYPICAL CROSS-SECTION OF OFFICE AND STUDIO 1:20
POLYSTYRENE INSULATION PREVENTS THERMAL BRIDGE THROUGH CONCRETE FROM PV
DIAGRAMMATIC DETAIL OF INTEGRATED PHOTOVOLTAIC FACADE
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DETAILS
DETAILS 1:20
TRELLIS WALL & GREEN ROOF
CROSS-SECTION DIAGRAM OF A MODULAR EXTENSIVE GREEN ROOF
PLANTS PLANTING MEDIA PLANT CONTAINER FILTER LAYER DRAIN LAYER PROTECTIVE LAYER MEMBRANE INSULATION STEEL ROOF DECK
SUSPENDED CEILING WITH CEILING PLENUMS TO LET HOT AIR OUT
EXHAUST
CEILING PLENUM HOT AIR RISES
ROOF CONCRETE SLAB WARM AIR & DUST
USE OF MODULAR SYSTEMS.
OPERABLE WINDOW (MANUAL)
PLANT METAL WALL CLADDING WITH THERMAL BARRIER SARKING AND INSULATION LAYER
STEEL STRUCTURE
AIR OUTLET FOR COOL AIR
PLANTING MEDIA
Elements of the building will be pre-fabricated and test assembled off-site, then transported and reassembled, such as the modular extensive green roof system which is to be constructed on the living rooftop. The materials of the building mainly compose of concrete, steel and glass.
WATERPROOF MEMBRANE PLANTER BOX
CONCRETE SLAB TYPICAL CROSS-SECTION OF OFFICE AND STUDIO 1:20
DISCHARGE POINT TO DOWNPIPE AND BIOSWALE BELOW
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DETAILS
DETAILS 1:20
ROOF DETAILS - LIGHTWELL & GREEN ROOF
METAL WALL INSULATION WITH VAPOUR BARRIER
CROSS SECTION OF TOP OF LIGHTWELL AND BUILDING ROOF 1:20
SKILLION ROOF LIGHTWELL TRIPLE GLAZING UNITS
OPERABLE MECHANICAL DAMPERS TO LET HOT AIR OUT (CAN BE CLOSED TO KEEP HOT AIR IN DURING WINTER MODULAR EXTENSIVE ROOF COOL AND PROTECT ROOF
METAL WALL INSULATION WITH VAPOUR BARRIER
OPERABLE WINDOW FROM CONTROL SYSTEM ROOF CONCRETE SLAB TRELLIS STEEL SUPPORT
LIGHTWELL WINDOW TRIPLE GLAZING UNIT
DAMPER WINDOWS OPEN TRUSS CEILING TO ALLOW AIR FLOW
INDOOR TRELLIS SYSTEM TO PROVIDE NATURAL ELEMENT
STUDIOS FRESH AIR FROM LIGHTWELL PLENUM
FRESH AIR FROM LIGHTWELL PLENUM
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DETAILS
DETAILS 1:20
LIGHTWELL (BELOW) LIGHTWELL & COURTYARD AREA ARTIFICIAL LED LIGHTING RECESSED ONTO CONCRETE CEILING TO ABSORB HEAT
DRIP IRRIGATION
INDOOR TRELLIS SYSTEM TO PROVIDE NATURAL ELEMENT DAMPER WINDOWS
FOYER
OPEN TRUSS CEILING TO ALLOW AIR FLOW
EXHAUST
BUILDING CONCRETE WALL
RETRACTABLE GLASS WINDOW
FURRING STRIPS / AIR SPACE WATERPROOF BACKER
LIBRARY AREA BIOWALL - FILTERING THE AIR VEGETATION
FIBROUS GROWTH MEDIA
LIGHT COLOURED FLOOR SURFACE
TIMBER PANEL DECKING OVER STEEL FRAME
CONTROL PANEL & RECIRCULATING PUMPS DECORATIVE WATER BASIN CONCRETE SLAB
GRATED FLOOR STEEL SUPPORTED BY TRUSS TO ALLOW AIR FLOW TRUSS SUPPORT TRUCTURES TO ALLOW AIR FLOW
CROSS SECTION OF FOYER AREA, LIGHTWELL AND AIR OUTLETS 1:20
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