Portfolio Review, Claire

Tree

an b r U cape Es Revert

n

a urb

Ru

ral her Revive

b Su lge Indu Craft

Gat

Chimney

Chocolate

Thr ee Dwellings Tree-Chocolate-Chimney

Ur ban Tr eetop Hide -A Viewing Gallery for Adventuring Escapist City Dwellers-

Progression of Architecture, Reversion and Escapism

Start

Progress

Develop

Laugier’s Primitive Hut

Early Dwellings

’French order’ -Ribart de Chamoust

Conquer

Renzo Piano’s -The Shard

-The ‘Primitive Hut’, ‘Original Dwelling’ and Origins of ArchitectureThe tree house suggests a retreat to simple, ‘primitive’ dwelling, providing shelter from the elements and the natural world whilst embracing and using them

Revert

The Tree House

Adventure Escape Explore Climb Conquer Hide Retreat Revert

-An Urban Treetop HideA place to escape to for London’s most daring The very visible hide states its presence across the city, whilst keeping its inhabitants invisible atop the tallest tree in London

-ElementsThe hide embraces natural elements, providing an escape from the artificial covered and sealed condition of urban living. The inhabitant is made to experience the wind, air, rain, sun and sky, whilst their effects are carefully controlled.

-Wind-

As the wind blows, the heavy carved oak damper rocks gently back and forth in its cradle

-Sun-

The sun is allowed to penetrate through holes piercing the top of the hide

-Sky-

Cut-out windows look up to the sky giving a reclining inhabitant a view of the changing sky

-Rain-

Oak shell expands and shrinks, with wetting and drying, aging, cracking and changing colour over time

-King of the CastleAn urban tree house atop London’s Urban Jungle

L

-Urban Treetop Hide-

tH igh

oles

Oiled Carved Oak Sleeper Shell

Hollowed-out Interior

Woven Rope Cradle

Carved oak hide capsule rests inside a rope weave cradle

-Construction MethodsNatural tactile materials and low-tech construction methods

Oak hide carved from sleeper wood

Nest Frame

Rope Cradle

-MakingThe hide is made from simple construction techniques- the cradle is woven rope through a timber jointed frame and the capsule is carved from oak sleeper wood

Hide rocks in cradle

-Oak DamperAs strong winds blow the heavy oak capsule rolls slowly back and forth in its cradle, acting as a damper to the structure and creating a gentle rocking motion

Viewing Windows

Periscope

Daylight holes

Oak Capsule Hide

-Views outWindows frame wiews out whilst perforated ceiling allows daylight to penetrate and periscope allows all-round viewing

Chocolate Box -A Suburban Playhouse-

Suburban Luxury/Enhancement/Exhibitionism

-Suburban LuxuriesA little everyday luxury- enhancement and exhibitionism of suburban lives and homes

-Suburban Bin AlleysDue to property values and desirability based on detachment, the gap closes between homes, leaving only skinny bin/bike alleys dividing supposedly ‘detached’ and semi-detached’ houses

-Chocolate/Wood CraftHighly crafted luxury of chocolate treats and decorative wood interiors and furniture

Sliding, stacked wooden storage boxes

Elastic-Threaded Wood

Soft wooden mattress

-Material Tests1:20 Tests in malleable, mouldable wood construction techniques

Climb

Meet

Recline

Study

-Malleable LivingPin sculpture wall allows inhabitants to create different furniture and to mould their living space

Steps

Table, Chairs and Shelving

Subur ban

<chocolate box> Menu of tactile play spaces to explore

-Listen-

-Hide-

-Sleep-

-Store-

-Mould-

-Climb-

-Chocolate BoxMenu of tactile play spaces to explore

-Play-

Attic

Living

Garden Bed

Driveway

Staircase

Shed

Back Garden

-Suburban Playhouse-

Crafted wooden playhouse mirrors exisiting domestic spaces within the home

-Digitally Fabricated InlaysPrecisely crafted spaces for different play functions

Hearth House -Services off the M40-

Fleeting countryside visits...

-Rural/Urban?Motorways cutting through British countryside transform once isolated rural areas, creating a strange interface between rural and urban conditions

Surviving cottages and lone chimney stacks

M40 ruins

-Ruined FarmhousesChimneys of farmhouses and shepherdsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; cottages left standing, left abandoned by motorways cutting through countryside

-Site-ClientsServices provide toilets and rest stop for M40 travellers, Shelter for chilly hikers and sheep and fertilizer for farmers

-Shepherdâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Cottage, M40Cottage and farmhouse ruins off the M40.

Site-Small stone cottage ruin with still standing chimney near Exit 14 for Warwick

Th atc h

Timber Bricks

Surviving Chimney Sta

ck

Tra diti ona lE ngl ish

View out over fields

Biogas

et Mossy C a rp

Waste Pipe

Biodigester

Fertilizer

A

ner

o b ic D

igesti o n

-Biodigestor-

Poo-Oxygen=fertilizer+biogas Biodigestor provides biogas to keep chimney burning and heat shelter and fertilizer for land-owning farmer

Perforated Corten Thatch

Timber Off-cut Bricks

Moss Carpet

-Hearth HouseMotorway rest stop and toilets

Toilet................and sheep...................fill......................Biodigester.............makes..............Biogas...............fuels...............Hearth

-Hearth HouseService station provides rest stop, warmth and comfort and toilets. The hearth is fuelled by biogas from use of toilets and sheep feeders

-Country Thatch-

-Seats-

-Soft Moss-

Traditional British thatched roof acoustically insulates and protects space from noise of motorway

Lined seats and head rests fit into holes in existing brick wall

Lines the interior- carpet, seats and head rests

-Natural LiningsNatural materials and living moss replace carpets and soft furnishings to provide a fleeting experience of nature and the countryside in comfort

-View Orientation-

-Laser-cut Steel Corten-

-Toilet View-

Views and openings are created to surrounding countryside, whilst interior is protected from motorway sights, sounds and smells

Mimics crumbling brick walls from a distance, whilst allowing daylight in and views out

Looks out away from motorway over countryside

-ViewsThe house provides views out to the countryside whilst blocking off views and noise from motorway and views in from the outside

-Wooden BricksTimber bricks fit into existing ruins and are strung from main roof structure. Hanging walls can also be moved around the space to change internal configurations

El Puerto Pavilion -Museum of Modern Art, Medellin-

-Industrial Areas, MedellinMamm

N

Site- Simesa Central park

-Museum of Modern Art, MedellinTransformation of Steelworks to Art Gallery

Steelworks

1930-1940 -Construction

Museum of Modern Art Medellin

2006-2009 -Renovation

-Les IndustrialesPost-Industrial Medellin

Metro Pablado

Site

Mamm

s Ra il w a

y

1940

Growth of industry due to new infrastructure

An t ioquia’

Development of Infrastructure and Industry

Metro Industriales

1948

llin

R iver

An t ioquia’

Mede

s Ra il w a

y

Railways

Wind- removal of fumes River- transport and waste removal

1970

N

-Simesa Plan-

s Ra il w a

Mede

y

Population increase results in dramatic increase of residential and commerce

2004-2024

llin

R iver

An t ioquia’

Homes for workers close to factories

Industrial

Residential - Cultural - Recreational

+ Retail/Mixed Use

Mede

Population tripled between 1960-1980. Industrial areas swallowed up by residential

llin

R iver

1980

-History of Industry in MedellinDevelopment of Industry and Plans for Transformation of an industrial area to mixed use residential zone

+

Public Space

Residential

d del R

io Cen

Shady Trees, landscaping and seating provide public picnic areas

Skate park for bmx and skateboarding with areas for sports/dance classes

Ramp

Kitchen

Puer

tral P

to M

ark Activities of park hosted and enhanced in pavilion

Childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s playground, open space and theatre/ events area

Workspace

Theatre

Grandstand

Office

Cuida

Students, public performers, dancers, musicians and street artists

-Ciudad del RĂ­o Central ParkAt the heart of the Simesa development area, the park hosts a diversity of social activities and users

amm

Pavi

lion

Manrique Pavillion splits into individual â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;housesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; to be re-located in sites across the city Pedregal Pedregal

La Sierra

Aranjuez

Centro de Medellin

Popular

Guayabal

Aranjuez Popular Catilla Manrique La Sierra Centro de Medellin

Guayabal Prado

Medellin

-Pavilion DispersionDivided pavilion travels across city to new locations

Office

Grandstand

Kitchen Workspace Theatre

Ramp

Catilla

Prado

7 Boards Roundwood Pulpwood

4

3 2

1

6 5

1 Cylindrical -16 cm 3

5 2 12cm

6 7

Sawlog Roundwood

1 3 Batton 10cm 4 4 x 4cm

5

Table 2.3 x 19cm

6 Sheet

-Patula PineLocally sourced pine and available cuts used

1

Lamp Stool (stored position)

Sand Bag

Space is to be used for presentations by visiting artists, speakers and community groups as well as public performances of theatre and dance.

Theatre

-Theatre/Workspace Pavilion-

Workspace

Pulley

The space needs to offer flexible facilities for a variety of formats and configurations.

The space also needs to be able to be completely cleared to allow for workshops and classes involving a variety of different activities to take place

Fanning Coat Stand/ Shelving

Table (open position)

Counterweights Table Pulley Lamp pulls down from ceiling

Stool Table Pulley

Stools descend from roof Fanning Coat Stand holds table in position Wooden tiled fabric Stools descend from roof

Section - 1:20

-Flexible Theatre/WorkspacePavilion Segment

-Stage Furniture-

Stools and lamps are stored in the roof to allow flexibility of use and to clear the space if not needed Table / Blind Pulley Fanning Coat Stand (closed) Folding Table

-Lattice Roof Structure-

Stools, lamps and pulley systems with counterweights are hung from and stored inside lattice roof structure

Pulley Lamp

Sand Bag Counter-Weight

Pull-Down Stools

Fanning Coat Stand/ Shelving holds table in open position

Floor Plan - 1:20

-Floor/Roof PlansInternal floor plan shows positions of furniture when pulled down or folded out

Roof Plan - 1:40

Sebastian

Megan

Izaskun Roberto Carlos

Felipe Georgia Claire

Freya

Kirsty

Lulu Dong

Lilian

-Signature TilesTiles attach to fabric with velcro to enable people to re-arrange and create new patterns to re-decorate the space.

Visitors, artists, lecturers, teachers and participants in workshops in the pavilion are asked to decorate one tile each, leaving a record of all the pavilionâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s activities.

Once all tiles are full, they can be taken off and sold in the MAMM shop, replaced by new ones.

-Signature WallWooden tiles record activities and visitors to pavilion

Truss Structure Member Timber boards brace truss

Roof Design

Simple truss construction

Timber honeycomb lattice

Lattice-braced truss system

Roof structure supports and store furniture systems as well as providing a frame for waterproof roofing fabric

Roof Construction and Components

Truss-supported roof structure. Box fittings for stool and light storage also act as bracing for trusses.

Round-section bolted cross beams

Diagonal baton grid screws to round-section frames

Secondary grid laid and nailed on top of primary diagonal batons

Timber boards form storage boxes whilst forming bracing for trusses

-Roof StructureThe roof structure acts as storage space for furniture as well as protection for the interior space

Small cross-beams inside box voids support pulley systems for stools and lights

Timber boards and waterproof fabric stretches over roof structure

77

47

6

12

3 5 4

13

83

5

6

9

13 11

151

12

5

1

3 10

5 20

47

6

3

4

10

13

83

5

2

2600 mm

9

3

9

3 3

Pivot Hinge

11

9

8 3000 mm

1

7 6

Blind and Fabric Detail 1:2

1 Fabric and wood wall:

Pine â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;tilesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; glued onto PU coated nylon 2 Folding Blind (same construction as

fabric and wood skin) 3 Folding Table 4 Pulley 5 Timber Frame 6 Nails attach fabric to timber frame 7 Steel Flashing 8 Sliding bolts:

enables blind to slid up and down the timber

frame to open and close 9 Blind:

Edge of the blind wraps around timber

frame and is held in place by sliding bolts 10 Pivot Hinge:

Max opening 90 degrees, 150mm length 11 Fanning Furniture:

6 pine profiles fold out to support the table

and become furniture

1000 mm

1130 mm

4

5

1 3 Wall Plan 1:20

-Work Desk and BlindFold-down desks provide small workstations

Wall Elevation 1:20

Rip stop Nylon

Waterproof coating Wooden tiles glue onto PU coated fabric to create teepee skin.

A table and blind fit into the wall pattern.

In resting positions the table is vertical and the blind is down.

As table is pulled down to a horizontal position for use, a pulley system raises the blind to allow daylight in.

Chairs stored in the roof can be lowered for two people to sit at the table.

Edge of fabric blind wraps around the timber frame and is bolted to slots in the timber frame.

The bolts enable the blind to slide up and down whilst preventing water ingress when the blind is closed.

-Wooden FabricSculptural teepee wrapping

1

1

2

3 397 mm

2 3 8

4

10

5 6

3- Plan view of stool 1:7 The pattern is designed to be more comfy and malleable in the centre.

9

11

1 Metal hooks 2 Wooden pins 3 Wooden board with pin holes 4 Foam 5 Wooden board for foam to

push against 6 Lightweight shell 7 Interlocking internal wooden structure 8 Pulley 9 Sandbag 10 Wooden boxes, form

roof structure 11 Sash cord

7

5 4 3 2

1- Sandbag counter-weight for the stool is slightly heavier, so when not in use it slowly packs itself away.

2- Exploded view of one of the four identical stools. It is cushioned on the top for comfort and below to soften impact with the floor.

-Hidden Stools

Stools hide in the roof space and can be pulled down for use

Suspended stool with soft wooden seat

1 1

2 2 3

2 3

4

5

Counterweighted lamp systems fit into roof frame

6

5 6

1 Roof Frame 2 Pulley 3 Electricity supply 4 Roof box 5 Braided fabric flex 6 Sand bag weight 7 Light

7 7

Lamp Detail 1:5

Lamp Isometric

-LightsAdjustable pull-down lamps

Roof /Pulley Lamps Study Model

Hinge Detail 1:2 Six pine profile pieces fold flat against the wall frame. Pieces fan open to support the folding table and become storage furniture and hanging space.

2600 mm

The outline of the pieces fit into the geometry of the tiled fabric wall.

Cut-outs for storage reveal the fabricâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s pattern behind.

1380 mm

Folding temporary storage

300 mm x1

300 mm x2

600mm x2

-Folding FurnitureFanning coat stand /shelving

600mm Folded Flat

Back Elevation 1:20

Wall Frame Joints unbolted into individual members

Foldable Fabric Pattern allows folding to one sixth of wall size

Coat Stand folds flat and unscrews from frame

Fabric Magnets and Clamps Fix fabric to frame Lamps with Pulleys Slide out from roof structure supports

Clamps

Timber Screw Collets Attach facade frame to main pavilion structure

Roof Trusses Slotted structure dismantles so each piece can be transported separately

-Transport-

Pavilion is easily dismantled for transportation with repeatedly reversible joints

Stools Unhook from pulleys and roof structure

Pulleys support stools and lights

Roof Flashing

Wedge joints hold hanging boxes onto roof structure

Screw Collets connect facade frame and trusses to main structure

Roof tensioning mechanism

Counterweight Sandbags

Lamp counterweights

Folding Table Pulley Mechanism Bonded Wooden tiles

Fabric Clamps

-Details-

Reversible joints and connections make pavilion easy to repeatedly dismantle and re-assemble across the city whilst moveable elements allow flexibility of use

Sunlight shines in between wooden tiles

Light shines out through the tiled pattern

-Nighttime-

-Daytime-

For evening use and functions, the pavilion states its presence in the park and is illuminated by internal lights

Natural daylight penetrates through fabric walls and roof skin

-Night and Day-

Pavilion transforms with daily change of use

-Theatre/Workspace Interior-

Space can be cleared away entirely into the ceiling and walls

-Cuidad del Rio ParkPavilion segment on site

-Theatre/WorkspaceCuidad del Rio Park

Theatre and Workspace Sections

Theatre/ Workspace Team -MedellinSebastian Manuela Melissa

-LondonDong Lulu Kirsty Georgia Claire

London/Medellin Collaboration

-London/Medellin Puerto Mamm Workshop-

A five day workshop to develop existing pavilion designs and design adjacent spaces

New facade design based on a â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;vertical versionâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; of storage roof design

Storage boxes brace facade and reduce structural material needed

Development and making of the facade

-Working/Storage Facade-

Concepts from theatre space are applied to new working space for an in-built flexible storage system

-External Facade Off-cuts of local materials are used in moveable shutters to create adjustable lighting and climatic conditions

-Adjustable Shading Roof Blinds can be easily adjusted to shade the space from strong sunlight, allowing different orientations of the pavilion in travelling locations

-Fold-Down DesksFixed desks in walls are extended for additional users by smaller fold-out desks at each side

-Flexible Workspace-

-Internal Facade Works with external facade shutters to adjust lighting and climatic effect. Stools, storage boxes,notice boards and planters fill the facade

Storage facade holds furniture and storage space for workshops, meetings and performances, whilst climatic and shading controls make it adjustable for different locations and conditions

Facade can be appropriated as wished and new attachments/ insertions added

Storage in workspace also provides for neighbouring theatre space

-Puerto Mamm Workspace and Theatre-

Easily accessible/climbable for maintenance

Puer to M

All houses together in 1:10 pavilion model

-Puerto MAMMamm Pavi lion

Pavilion Model at 1:10

Entrance

Kitchen

Workspace

Theatre

Grandstand

Office

Ramp

Entrance

Kitchen

Workspace

Theatre

Grandstand

Roof Garden

Office

Coventry Re-Defining and Re-Activating a Ghost Town

14.7%

Vacant Coventry

UK Vacant Shops

of Coventry city centre shops vacant

2012- 14.6% 2008-5% 20,000 jobs lost for each 1%

14.7% 14.7% of Coventry city centre shops vacant Retail Brand Casualties since 2007

UK Vacant cant Shops UK Va Shops

230

2012- 14.6% 2012- 14.6% 1405%t Retailers currently in a ‘critical’ condition for 2013 2008UK Vacan 2008-5% Shops of Coventry city centre shops vacant 20,000 jobs lostcity for centre each 1% of Coventry shops vacant 20,000 jobs lost for each 1% 230 Retail Brand Casualties since 2007 2012- 14.6%

2012- 14.6%

of Coventry city centre shops vacant

20,000 jobs lost for each 1%

75% of grocery shopping is done in supermarkets

Nearby Birmingham Bullring has 160shops and 30 restaurants

80%

The Big Drain 75% -Supermarkets-

of-Supermarketsgrocery shopping is done in75% supermarkets

of grocery shopping is done in supermarkets

-Shopping Centres-

Nearby Birmingham 160shops Bullring has Centres-Shopping Nearby Birmingham restaurants and 30 Bullring has 160shops and 30 restaurants

Retail Brand Casualties since 2007

230 140

140 Retail Brand Casualties since 2007 Retailers currently in a ‘critical’ condition for 2013

140

Retailers currently in a ‘critical’ condition for 2013 Town shops closed

on phones orThe tablets Big Drain

-Supermarkets-Internet75%

-Shopping CentresNearby BirminghamThe -Showrooming-

visithas high Bullring 160shops of grocery shopping is Shoppers 80% 12% street to see products, done in supermarkets -Out of Town-Internetand 30 restaurants -Showroomingof new shopping centres of shopping is then find itvisit cheaper Shoppers high are planned out of town now12% done online 80% on phones or tablets street to see products, of new shopping centres of shopping is then find it cheaper are planned out of town now done online on phones or tablets

The Big Drain

25,000

40%

Only of total retail spend Onlyon high street by 2014 Retailers currently in a ‘critical’ condition forstreet 2013 of total retail spend on high by 2014

40%

since 2000

40%

Only 25,000 Town shops closed since 2000 Only of total retail spend on highTown streetshops by 2014 25,000 closed since 2000 of total retail spend on high street by 2014 -Supermarkets-Internet-Showrooming-Shopping Centres-Out of Town-Internet-ShowroomingOnly Nearby Birmingham Shoppers visithigh high street by 2014 -Supermarkets75% Shoppers visit high-Shopping Centres80% -Out of Townof total retail spend on 9,000 Expected to close by 2014 -Internet12% -ShowroomingExpected to close by street to see products, shops Bullring has 160 of grocery shopping is Nearby Birmingham of new shopping centres of shopping is Shoppers visit high street75% to see products, 80% 9,000 Expected to close by 2014 12% then find it cheaper done inissupermarkets of shopping planned town and 30 now done online street to see products, 160 shops out of Bullring has are of grocery shopping is restaurants of new shopping centres of shopping is on phones or tablets then find it cheaper 25,000 Town shops closed since 2000 then find it cheaper now done online done in supermarkets are planned out of25,000 town and 30 restaurants nowTown done online shops closed since 2000

-Out of Town-

The Big Drain

Retail Brand Casualties since 2007

-Death of The 230 High Str eetRetail Brand Casualties since 2007

230

12%

of new shopping centres are planned out of town

230

Only Retailers currently in a ‘critical’ condition for 2013 140 Retailers currently in a ‘critical’ condition for 2013 140 of total retail spend on high street by 2014 20,000 jobs lost for each 1%

20,000 jobs lost for each 1% 2008-5%

-Out of Town-

40%

2008-5%

20122008-14.6% 5%

-Shopping Centres-

14.7%

14.7% 14.7%

UK Vacant Shops UK Vacant Shops

-Supermarkets-

of Coventry city centre shops vacant

40% 40%

9,000

2014

on phones or tablets

-Out of TownBig Drain

80%

-Death of the City Centre-

of new shopping centres are planned out of town

-Internet-Showrooming25,000 Town shops closed since 2000

Shoppers visit high 12% street to see products, 9,000 of shopping is Expected to close by 2014 then find it cheaper

now done online

on phones or tablets

9,000 Expected to close by 2014 Shrinking UK town and city centres drain of trade and employment The Big Drain

9,000 Expected to close by 2014

Build Recent expansions to university buildings, as well as improvements of public space have been successful in reactivating areas of the city

New businesses introduced by new migrant communities to Coventry has regenerated previuosly abandoned areas of the city.

2012

2000s

Decline of British motor industry hit the City hard leaving 20% of the population unemployed. A rise in petty crime soon followed giving the city a poor national reputation.

1980s

1920s

1950s

Slump

Build

Growth

1860s

Recession along with rise in internet shopping and out-of-town shopping centres mean that trade is gradually slipping away from the City ventre leaving empty shops and dead spaces

Redefinition of city centre: New energy and water harvesting industries and city farming become the city’s main industries.

Improved housing typologies and public spaces make the city desirable once more

Growth?

AD 700 - Present Day

Boom

-City of Coventry-

2020

2011

Although the 1990 recession hit the City hard, engineering research headquarters have stayed and smaller education industries have grown around Coventry and Warwick Universities

Shr inkage

1990s

A growing and successful car industry meant the city was one of the richest cities in the UK and had one of the ‘highest standards of living’ outside of London. The population peaked at 335,000 in the late 60s.

Shr inkage

1960s

November 14th Moonlight Sonata Blitz. Nazi German bombing destroyed most of the city’s medieval centre and Cathedral.

A second raid in 1941 brought death count to 1,236

Demolish

1940

First car was produced in Coventry

by Daimler. The motor industry continued to grow and by 1930s was at the centre of the UK motor industry.

Boom

1897

Watch and clock industries grow along with sewing machines to become town’s main industries

GROWTH

GROWTH

1880s

Silk weaving and ribbon production becomes main industry.

This makes town important in the fashion industry

1890s

Boom Foreign imports kill off silk and fabric trade

1700s

Slump

1617 Parliamentarian stronghold in civil war. Royalist prisoners ‘sent to Coventry’

GROWTH

Demolish

1200

1067

1016

Free trade laws encourage the exchange of local produce such as wool, soap, needles, metal and leather goods.

Slump

City walls demolished by King Charles ii after civil war as punishment

1662

1200s

1150

1043

AD 900 ad 700

King Canute and Lady Godiva Danes destroy rides streets naked Medeival Convent convent and town. in protest of high taxes on people of the City..?

Cloth trading becomes main industry, producing wool and dyes.

City prospers as a result of reputation of Coventry blue cloth

Demolish

Boom

Build

Build

GROWTH

Growth in trade Laws passed so merchants coming to the town were Monastery built free to trade in on remains of peace and would convent which be free of rent and became richdues for a period Saxon farming est monastery in of two years from settlement devel- England with gold when they began ops. and jewels. to build.

Car industry fed other engineering Bicycles develindustries such as oped by sewing machine compa- aircraft manufacnies. By the 1890s ture, instruments, gauges and chainit became the largest producer making. During the war most of bicycles in factories turned the world, with 300,000 produced to weapon and aircraft manufacture each year

The city is rebuilt in a tabula rasa fashion in a modernist, brutalist style. The first pedestrianised precinct in the UK, separation of cars and pedestrians and a central ring road characterised the redevelopment

1900-large

1880 large

© Landmark Information Group Ltd and Crown copyright 2012. FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

1880

© Landmark Information Group Ltd and Crown copyright 2012. FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

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Jan 13, 2013 19:21 700

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© Landmark Information Group Ltd and Crown copyright 2012. FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

Claire Taggart UCL

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Organic growth of the city through trade is followed by repeated planned demolition, ‘slum clearance,’ the blitz and removal of historic industrial and trade buildings throughout the 20th century

600

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Jan 13, 2013 19:24 900

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-Demolition City-

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© Landmark Information Group Ltd and Crown copyright 2012. FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

Claire Taggart UCL

1930

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Jan 13, 2013 19:25 Claire Taggart UCL

1900

© Landmark Information Group Ltd and Crown copyright 2012. FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

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© Landmark Information Group Ltd and Crown copyright 2012. FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.

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Jan 13, 2013 19:28 Claire Taggart UCL

Masterplan Model

“Ultimate” Masterplan

Vision of a Pedestrianised City Precinct

-Gibson’s Modernist MasterplanPost-war re-building of the city

“Elevational treatment will be secondary to the plan. It will depend on the availability of materials”

“At the moment it is the plan that is of primary importance, the details can follow later.”

“Here is a building whose sole value is historic. Is it to be allowed to stand in the way of the new plan?”

“SPACOIUS PLANNING”

“Coventry is one of the test towns and will act as an invaluable guide for replanning elsewhere”

THE ARCHITECT AND BUILDING NEWS -21st

March

1941-

“Some of the things to be avoided: varying heights, hideous lettering, extravagant squiggles, narrow pavements”

“Much of this area is already scheduled for slum clearance”

New pedestrianised shopping precinct

-Post-War Boom Town-

Planning widely considered to be a success as one of the wealthiest cities in the UK during the 1960s

Key Empty Shops Vacant Offices Disused Historic Buldings Abandoned Sites Flyovers and Underpasses

Coventry City Centr e 1:5000

-Empty Spaces-

Abandoned sites and empty retail units

City identity and history lost in repeated destruction, lost industry and tabula rasa re-planning

-Tracing Identities-

Re-introducing lost identities into the city and establishing new ones

THE

PRECINCT

Warwick Road Flyover

Allied Carpets Old

r

snte

tmi Wes

d Roa

Gra

mma

r Sc

hool

Sites for interventions across the city

Drap

ers H

all

-Empty Spaces-

Abandoned buildings and empty retail units

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-The Ring Road-

-Vacant Shops-

-Historic Buildings-

1970s inner city ring road leaves a ring of dead space cutting through the city, choking off the city centre

Loss of industry, unemployment, out-of-town shopping centres and online shopping contribute to the drainage of trade from the city centre

The few remaining pre-C20th buildings are left abandoned, bereft of function, isolated and cut-off by city infrastructure

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-Empty Office Buildings-

-Abandoned Land-

Loss of industry and related managerial work leaves empty office space.

These buildings stand prominently empty, slowly decaying

Abandoned sites in the city centre where buildings have been demolished and rebuilding plans have fallen through

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-Sites for Intervention-

Five key typologies to address across the city centre

-ProvisioningEmpty office buildings to be turned into space for providing cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s energy and water requirements

-DismantlingBuildings to be cut up and split into different functions. Homes of workers are integrated amongst and powered by services

-Water CollectionRainwater collectors and treatment

-Micro Wind TurbinesWind deflected down facades of building to be harnessed and harvested

-Micro-IndustrySmall-scale industries integrated in empty office and housing blocks.

British dull, damp climate lends itself to high value porcini or shiitake mushroom production

-DecksProposal for transformation of the city ring road, as a physical social network around the city, with social spaces, facilities and messages

-Re-Forestation-

Large areas of abandoned city centre land to be turned back to nature, turning the negative image of nature taking over abandonment into a deliberate and positive move

-Free Land-

Abandoned land to be turned to allotments for inner-city dwellers with limited mobility

-Free Space-

Empty shop spaces to be let freely for small businesses, graduates and organisations setting up until in profit

-Social Places-

Spaces under and around ring road to be transformed into sports facilities and community theatres and exhibition halls for local groups and businesses

-Step 1: Activation-

Temporary pavilions and interventions draw attention and curiosity to disused spaces and their potential for habitation

Stop

Water Collector

Theatre

Leaf Mulcher

Theatre

Caff

Bus

Planter Pavilions

City Be

a ch

St Shop

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-Spring Planters-

Inhabitable seed pavilions are rolled between cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s derelict sites. Coconut fibre shell holds seeds and drops them around the city, re-greening the land

-Summer Beach-

-Autumn Mulcher-

Artificial Beach to be set up in Broadgate Square with umbrella roof ready for British summer rain

Travels around city centre trees, collecting leaves for compost on allotments

-Seasonal Pavilions-

Nomadic Pavilions occupy dead spaces in the city, creating an event and allowing local businesses to showcase

-Winter Caff-

Nomadic thatched cafe moves around city.

Uses ancient local medieval construction techniques. Local cafes rotate occupation.

Toilet and food waste is biodigested to fuel the stove and hearth

-(Work)Shop Stalls-

Ready-fitted out workshops, shops and restaurants for new startups with easily adaptable and changeable facades. Local planning laws relaxed, allowing extension of advertising into street

-Peeping Tom Theatres-

Inspired by Coventryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s medieval mystery play tradition, small open theatres are to be distributed around the city centre and ring road for local drama and arts groups to exhibit freely

-Interventions-

-Bus Stop-

Using pegged timber joinery, the bus stop is an interactive social/play space/climbing frame

Small-scale insertions into the city to re-activate dead spaces and buildings

-Rainwater Collectors-

Collectors wrap around redundant office blocks to harvest facade runoff- to be used as grey water