G9 beijing

The Fascinating Story of

Beijing’s Redevelopment

Presented by: Group9 Carlos Lopez Lance Lilly Camilo Lopez

Executive Summary Scope of Work: 1. Introduction l Methodology Beijing Overview 2. Urban Redevelopment Area Central Business District 3. Urban Redevelopment Land Use Mix + Approaches 4. Urban Redevelopment Motivations 5. Stakeholders Involved 6. Resources 7. Implementation + Consequences 8. Summary

1 Introduction l Methodology Macro to Micro world

Country

City District

Mixture of Both Qualitative + Quantitative Research Methods

1 Introduction l Beijing Overview The Country within the World

s+ 0 mile 0 0 , 9 ox. r p Ap

Pacific Ocean

Atlantic Ocean

Pacific Ocean

China Geography

1 Introduction l Beijing Overview The City within the Country

Mongolia

Tiajin

Bohai Sea

Beijing: area.17% GDP20% Pop.1.5%

Pacific Ocean

Shanghai

China Beijing

India Hong Kong

Geography

1 Introduction l Beijing Overview Districts District Chaoyang Haidian Fengtai Changping Daxing Xicheng Tongzhou Fangshan Dongcheng Shunyi Shijingshan Pinggu Huairou Mentougou County Miyun Yanqing

Population 3,545,000 3,281,000 2,112,000 1,661,000 1,365,000 1,243,000 1,184,000 945,000 919,000 877,000 616,000 416,000 373,000 290,000

Density (per sq/km) 7,530 7,702 6,943 1,162 1,349 26,731 1,361 506 22,635 895 6,860 387 146 218

468,000 317,000

200 160

4000000 3500000 3000000 2500000 2000000 1500000 1000000 500000 0

14districts 2counties Geography

1 Introduction l Beijing Overview Ring Roads 1st Ring Road (1920s) Forbidden City 2nd Ring Road (1980s) Central City 3rd Ring Road (1980s) CBD 4th Ring Road (2001) Expressway 5th Ring Road (2000s) Expressway 6th Ring Road (2000s) Outer Expressway

6 transit ring roads

toTiajin

Geography

1 Introduction l Beijing Overview Rural vs. Urban

Urban Zone [Intensity]

Rural Zone Total Area 6,336.14 sq mi

Total Pop. 19,612,368 Chaoyang Pop. 3,545,000 Manhattan Pop. 1,626,159 Chicago Pop. 2,695,598

Geography

1 Introduction l Beijing Overview Demographics Population Sampling (1000 persons) 800

Age Group Sampling (1000 persons) 90

male l

700

Graphic source: Group9 Data source: Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics

young

80 70

600

60

500 400

Male

300

Female

200

50

Age 0 -14

40

Age15- 64

30

Age 65 and Over

20

100

10

0

0 1953

1964

1982

1990

2000

40000

30000

diploma

1400 1200 Junior College and Above

25000

Senior Secondary/Secondary

20000

Junior Secondary School

15000

Primary School

2000

Han Nationality

200

0 2000

Han

600

5000

1990

1990

800

400

1982

1982

1000

10000

1953 1964

1964

Nationality Sampling (1000 persons)

Attainment per Sampling (1000 persons)

35000

1953

Minority Nationalities

0 1953

1964

1982

1990

2000

1 Introduction l Beijing Overview Economics Gross Domestic Product 2007

Graphic source: Group9 Data source: Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics

Total Investment in Fixed Assets by Registration Status (1985-2007)

shared

1800

Primary Industry

1600

1. State-Owned

Secondary Industry

1400

2. Collective-Owned

Industry

1200

Construction

1000

Terciary Industry Product per capita (yuan, person) Product per capita (USD, person)

3. Joint-Owned

800

4. Share holidings

600

5. Hong Kong -Macao

400

6. Foreign Funded

200 0

7. Private 1

2

3

4

6

7

Compositions of Expentures for Tourism in Beijing (2007)

Total Gross Domestic Product (1978 - 2007) 10000 9000 8000 7000 6000 5000

GDP

4000 3000 2000

Long distance Transportation ‌ 30 Air Others 25 20 Culture and 15 Entertainment 10 5 Scenic Spots 0 Sightseeing

Railway

Posts and Telecommunic..

Local Transportation‌

Shopping

1000 0

1978

5

1998

2007

transit Highway

Accommodation Food and Beverage

1 Introduction l Beijing Overview Land Development

Graphic source: Group9 Data source: Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics

Constructive Land (2007)

Statistics on Development Zones of Beijing (2007)

400

Number of Development Zones

350

Layout Area of Development Zones

250

Accumulated area of actual land acquisition Accumulated area of actual land development construction

high

300

200 150

Ser e 1

100 50 0

Accumulated area of land development completed

Accomplishment of Major Indicators on Development Zone of Beijing

Non-Utilized Land 600

Total profits completed Investment in Fixed Assets Completed

500

low

400

Increased Fixed Assets Floor Space of Buildings under Construction Floor Space of Buildings Completed

300 200 100

Total Revenue Completed 0

Gross Output Value(at current prices) Total profits completed

Ser e 1

2 Urban Redevelopment Area Central Business District (CBD)

Graphic source: SOM

density+congestion+highrise+modern+financial

2 Urban Redevelopment Area CBD Location

CBD: area1.5sqmi

0.8% of Chaoyang District

Forbidden City Palace

3 Dongdaqiao Rd

2

Chaoyang Rd

Tonghuihe Rd

4

2 Urban Redevelopment Area Land Use Planning of Beijing CBD-area

Graphic source: Group9 Data source: Beijing Urban Planning, Chaoyang District, p.67

Chaoyang Rd 3

1

3

3

3 3

4

4

4

1

8

8

8

1

Dongdaqiao Rd

3 1 1

8 8

8

4

3 8 5

3

8

8 1

4 3

8

3

3

1

8

1

1

8

1

1 1

1

3

3

3

8

2

2

8

8 8

1

8

3 1

1

8

8 1

5

2

1

1

8

8 1

8 1

1

2

1

8

3

3

4

4

8

8

8

8

1 6

8

3

4

8

8

8

8

4

4

1

1

Jianguo Rd 1 8 4

Tonghuihe

8

3

4

1

1 4

6

1

3 8

3 3

3

1

1

3

1

Guanghua Rd 1

8

8

East 4th Ring Road

3

East 3rd Ring Road

8

8 3 1

1

1

2

4 8

1. Office Bldg 2. Recreational 3. Mixed-Use 4. Residential 5. Educational 6. Infrastructure 7. Green Spaces

4 8

Rd

Tonghuihe River

CBD East Expansion

2 Urban Redevelopment Area Transportation

Graphic source: Group9 Data source: This is Beijing. China . Org

Subway Transit state-owned PPP development

CBD

it moves 9.7508 million people daily

2 Urban Redevelopment Area Daily Commuting

Source: ICPress.cn

3 Urban Redevelopment Land Use Mix + Approaches CBD East Expansion

“sustainable design”

Graphic source: Group9 Data source: SOM

3 Urban Redevelopment Land Use Mix + Approaches Land Use Proposal

Graphic source: Group9 Data source: SOM

Chaoyang Rd 1

3

3

3 3

4

1

7

7

Dongdaqiao Rd

4

4 3 3

7 5

3

7 1

1

7

7 1

4 1

7

1

1

7

1

1 1

1

3

7

7

8

5

1 2

2

4

7

7

7

1

7

7 1

7

1

3 61

1

3

3 1

1

7

7 1

2

1

1 6

3

1

2

7

1

7

3

4

7

7

7

4

4

1

1

Jianguo Rd 1 8

1

3

1

7 3 1

1

Tonghuihe

1

3 3

1

3

3

3

3

7

7 1

1

2

4 8

1

3

3

1

3

1 4

3

1

8

4

1

7

4

1

7

1 4

1

1

1

1

4

3

3

8

Office Residential Recreational

3

7

1

3

3

3

3

4

1

7

7 1

4

1

7 7

4

7

3 3

4

Guanghua Rd 1

4

7

1

3

4

3

3

3

3

1

4 4

4

7

4

3

1

3

3

7

3

3

1

7 7

7 1

7

3 4

1

4 7

East 4th Ring Road

3

3

East 3rd Ring Road

7

1

7

1

Rd

Tonghuihe River

1. Office Bldg 2. Recreational 3. Mixed-Use 4. Residential 5. Educational 6. Infrastructure 7. Green Spaces CBD East Expansion

METROPOLIS

Source: Beijing Municipality Planning Dept.

The Vision: Towards a Global Center

3 Urban Redevelopment Approaches The Vision: Towards a Global Center

3 Urban Redevelopment Approaches Improved Access + Mobility

Source: SOM

Airport

CBD

City Center

CO NN EC TI VI TY

3 Urban Redevelopment Approaches Rapid Construction

4 Urban Redevelopment Motivations

$

4 Urban Redevelopment Motivations Focus “World City Status”

Source: ICPress.cn

People’s Beijing + High-Tech Beijing + Green Beijing

4 Urban Redevelopment Motivations Global Media Attention

Olympic Games 2008 Bird’s Nest Clear

Source: ICPress.cn

4 Urban Redevelopment Motivations Global Media Attention

Olympic Games 2008 Bird’s Nest Polluted

Source: ICPress.cn

4 Urban Redevelopment Motivation Global Media Attention

+ -

Rapid Economic Growth Excessive consumption of Resources Serious Environmental Pollution Widening gap between rich and poor

4 Urban Redevelopment Motivation Focus on “Attracting High-Tech�

Source: ICPress.cn

Headquarters Economy + Producer-Oriented Services + Cultural + Creative Industries

Central Beijing Technology Park

4 Urban Redevelopment Motivation Historic Preservation

Zones vs Structures Preservation of Ancient City Restoration of Central Axis Protection of Cultural Relics

Source: ePhoto

4 Urban Redevelopment Motivation Historic Preservation Criticism

Source: FINNair

Hutong + Siheyuan Destruction + Government Silencing Media

5 Urban Redevelopment Stakeholders Involved Government Interests CPC Municipal Committee + Beijing Municipality + Private Sector

-Totalitarian Land Ownership

-Urban Regeneration Benefits Economic Development -Revenue from Land Leasing

-Additional Funding Options

5 Urban Redevelopment Stakeholders Involved Public Participation

Source: China Morning Post

Global Criticism + 5-Year Plan + Focus on Awareness + Education

State Council kicks off drafting of next five-year plan

6 Urban Redevelopment Resources

Beijing Finance Street

6 Urban Redevelopment Resources Evolution of Government Fiscal Authority

China Revamps Housing Privatization + Land Reform

Source: Beijing China Qu Lei

Central Government Stops Alloting Funds to Local Redevelopment

1980’s

1990’s 1980’s Legislation Passes Constitution 88’ + LAL 88’

1990’s Private Sector is Invited to Urban Regeneration Process to Provide more Funding Options

Timeline of Land Reform

6 Urban Redevelopment Resources Private + Public Investment

Source: Beijing Statistic Year Book 2010.

Public and private investments on Fixed Assets 1200

1000

800

600

400

200

0

1981-85

1986-90

1991-95

1996-00

2001-05

2006-09

7 Urban Redevelopment Implementation Multi-Functional Land Use Design 25%Residential 25%Commercial 50%Office

Chaoyang Rd

Dongdaqiao Rd

-

Source: BeijingChina Qu Lei

4

Tonghuihe Rd

7 Urban Redevelopment Implementation CBD East Expansion Process -

2000 -

CBD concept was introduce + Function positionning defined

-

2001 -

Development Planning was Formulated + Management Organs were Established

-

2002 -

Construction of Core Area was Started + Infrastructure Environment was Optimized

-

2003 -

Industry Positioning was determined + Core Competitiveness was enhanced

-

2004 -

Contruction of finance Area was quickened.

7 Urban Redevelopment Implementation Moving to a Positive Change ++

Source: Beijing Statistic Year Book 2010.

Water Energy Waste

48% 50% 80%

Jobs

150

Public Transit

Express Rail to Airport Increase Bycycle Use Increase Walkability

consumption

consumption

consumption

Thousand Created

7 Urban Redevelopment Consequences Destruction of “Hutongs�

Source: ePhoto

600 hutongs were destroyed + 500thousand were displaced

8 Beijing Urban Redevelopment Summary The Great Battle between The Economic Power vs The Historical Preservation

What Should We DO?

Thank You

Xiexie!