Yuba City Nagar Kirtan Souvenir 2017 by Creative Minds

2017

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The Yuba City Sikh Festival - Nagar Kirtan

he Yuba City Sikh Festival is one of the largest and most spectacular Sikhism annual events in all of Northern California, drawing hundreds of thousands of devotees and spectators. The Yuba City Sikh Parade is held annually on the first weekend of each November, where for three days, Guru Gadee Diwas festivities celebrate the inaugural anniversary of Guru Granth Sahib, Sikhismâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s holy scripture. The Festival, which include worship services and kirtan, climaxes with the Nagar Kirtan, an annual procession. In the procession, the holy Guru Granth Sahib scriptures are carried on a float from the gurudwara through the streets of Yuba City, while there

The Sikh religion originated from South-Asia (in the Punjab state of modern-day India). It was introduced into North America in the early 19th century. Sikhs are an integral part of the USA, ranging from ordinary workers to wealthy business owners. In addition, they occupy very high profile administrative positions in the police, army and politics. Estimated 700,000 Sikhs living in the United States, with the largest accumulations on the Western and Eastern coasts. Along with other ethnicities, the Sikh population make the USA the great country that it is.

is the singing of devotional hymns. Yuba City has been hosting the annual Guru Gadee Parade since 1979, in which decorated Singhs carrying a welcome banner lead the parade. In addition to local cities, Sikhs from across California, the USA, Canada and other countries come to Yuba City to observe and take part in these festivities. More than 100,000 people attend this festival, and each year the numbers continue to grow. The parade, held rain or shine, runs for several miles through the streets of Yuba City. Yuba City police and community volunteers stand guard along roads intersecting the parade route, which are closed to through traffic, to ensure all runs smoothly.

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2017 Yuba City Annual Sikh Inaugural Festival Events Schedule: Friday November 3: 8 am - The 2017 Guru Gadee inaugural event in Yuba City CA starts off by worship service and kirtan. 8 pm - Diwali Fireworks Saturday November 4: 9 am - Raising of Nishan Sahib, the Sikh flag, followed by morning worship and kirtan 2 pm - Open house, tour of gurdwara complex and grounds. 6 pm until Midnight - Rain sabaee kirtan worship service. Sunday November 5: 11 am - Guru Gadee Nagar Kirtan 38th Annual Sikh Parade. A float bearing Guru Granth Sahib is followed by a procession of floats and devotees, winding through the streets of Yuba City along a 4 1/2 mile loop. The events are open to the public, and everyone is welcome to attend. Langar, the free kitchen, is served throughout the weekend, where an estimated 400,000 free meals are served.

Sikh Temple Gurdwara

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The 'Sikh Temple Gurdwara serving as a cultural center for some 20,000 Sikhs who reside in and around Yuba City. The Gurdwara, which was was erected in 1969, sits on a 30 acre site. Blessed by the grace of the Waheguru Ji, on the first Sunday of each November, an estimated 75,000 Sikh followers from all over the world converge at this site to join the crowds of local Sikhs and people of other religions in the annual Gurgiddi procession commemorating the receipt of the Sikh holy scriptures, the Guru Granth Sahib that was given the Guruship by the last of the living Sikh Masters, Guru Gobind Singh Ji in 1708. An invitation Bring your family and join us each November in the Nagar Kirtan celebrations. All faiths are welcome. Free food will be served all week-end. Guided tours of the Gurdwara are available. Educational materials, video, and audio tapes on Sikh faith and culture will be available for sale. Nagar Kirtan ‘Nagar’ means town and ‘Kirtan’ is a term that refers to the singing of hymns from the Guru Granth Sahib. The term, ‘Nagar Kirtan’ describes the most essential feature of the procession which is recitation of hymns from Guru Granth Sahib, as the Panj Piares (5 beloved ones) lead the procession through the town. Address Sikh Temple Gurdwara 2468 Tierra Buena Road Yuba City, CA (USA) http://www.sikhtempleyubacity.org/

A Glimpse of

Yuba City Nagar Kirtan ho rhy XUbw istI ngr kIrqn dIAW ^ws g`lW Hameeta Kaur Malhotra

he Nagar Kirtan at Yuba City enthralls many devotees and disciples celebrating the Guru Gadee inauguration day of Sikh's holy book Guru Granth Sahib. The three day event is abound with grandeur of festivities evincing the commemoration of the Nagar Kirtan (a Sikh custom involving the processional ceremony of holy hymns throughout a community). The event broaches with a series of event of worship, service and kirtan. The Nishaan Sahib is unfurled with the Jaikara “Bole So Nihaal, Sat Shri Akal” (proclamation of triumph and rejoice for the Sikhs). The ambience of exhilaration with the vivid display of Nishan Sahib banners billowing in the breeze bearing the Khalsa crest upholds the spirit of Khalsa and also welcoming people from all other religions. The events also include open house tour of Gurdwara complex, Gatka playing (Sikh martial art), sword fighting and people offering free savory Indian delicacies and drinks to passerby. Rain Sabaee Kirtan and a giant decorated gilded palanquin bearing Guru Granth Sahib is followed by a procession of floats and devotees winding through the streets of Yuba City along a few miles of loop. The royal procession is led by saffron robed Panj Piare (the five beloved of the Guru) which concludes at Gurudwara with Ardaas (prayer) and marked by rendering of shabad kirtan by ragi jathas. The magnitude of celebration is infused with zing and zeal. The competing fireworks at night and the commotion in the sky is irresistible for anyone and everyone cherishes the enigma and clamor which is beyond narration. The whole ceremony is worth watching showcasing the rich culture and heritage of Sikhism.

gurU gRMQ swihb dw gurg`dI idvs mnwaux smyN AwXoijq kIqy jWdy XUbw istI dy ngr kIrqn ‘c sMgqW dw bhuq auqSwh huMdw hY[ ienHW iqMnW idnW dy smwgmW ‘c bhuq swry Swndwr Dwrimk jSnW dw pRbMD kIqw jWdw hY[ ies smyN ie`k AlOikk ngr kIrqn vI sjwieAw jWdw hY[ ies qrHW dy mOky sMgqW dy BwrI iek`T ‘c Sbd gwien krdy hoey is`K SrDwlU sVkW ‘qy jwp kridAW c`ldy hn[ ies smwgm keI qrHW dy Dwrimk kwrjW dw pRbMD kIqw jWdw hY ijs ‘c kIrqn , syvw Aqy gurbwxI dw guxgwn vI Swml huMdw hY[ jdoN inSwn swihb cVHwieAw jWdw hY audoN boly so inhwl, siq sRI Akwl dy AkwS guMjwvyN jYkwiAW nwl b`iJAw joSIlw rMg vyiKAW hI bxdw hY[is`K ieqhws qoN nw jwxU lokW nUM jdoN ies dy ArQ d`sy jWdy hn qW auh ies qrHW dI cVHdI klw vwLI kOMm dIAW isPqW krdy nhIN Q`kdy [ A``D Asmwny JUldw kysrI inSwn ij`Qy Kwlsy dI cVHdI klw dw prqIk hY au`Qy mnu`KI smwnqw Aqy eykqw dI audwhrx pyS krdw hY[ ies nUM vyK ky bwkI BweIcwirAW dy lok vI ies dI vwh vwh krdy hn[ ies smyN sMgq v`loN gurdvwrw swihb dI prkrmw vI kIqI jWdI hY[ ij`Qy ies smyN is`KW dI bhwdrI nUM pyS krdy g`qky dy jOhr ivKwey jWdy hn, au`Qy BwrqI Kwx pIx dIAW suAwdI vsqW dw hr ie`k Brpur mzw lYNdw hY[ ngr kIrqn smyN Pu`lW nwL sjweI geI Swndwr pwlkI ‘c SuSoiBq gurU gRMQ swihb dI AgvweI ‘c sMgqW dw iek`T XUbw istI ‘coN lMGdw vyK hr koeI KuS huMdw hY[ ieh Swndwr ngr kIrqn, ijs dI AgvweI pMj isMG swihb krdy hn, dw Aw^rI pVwA gurdvwrw swihb hY[ gRMQI isMG v`loN aus smyN Ardws kIqI jWdI hY Aqy rwgI jiQAW v`loN sMgqW nUM gurbwxI kIrqn nwL inhwl kIqw jWdw hY[ ies smwgm dI ivSys g`l ieh huMdI hY ik ies ‘c bhuq auqSwh Aqy SrDw Bwvnw vyKx nUM imldI hY[ ies sB dw nzwrw SbdW ‘c ibAwn nhIN kIqw jw skdw[ ies smu`cy pRogrwm sbMDI ieh ikhw jw skdw hY ik ieh is`K Drm Aqy ivrsy dI Adu`qI Swndwr imswl ho inbVdw hY[ XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

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Women with maternal compassion

Dr Inderjit Kaur A

compassionate social worker, a doctor and a warm-hearted women Dr. Inderjit Kaur is the President of the Pingalwara Charitable Society in Amritsar, Panjab in India. She has carried the legacy of its founder Bhagat Puran Singh with her own bold leadership. On January 25, 2008 she was awarded Padma Bhushan the country’s highest civilian award in the recognition of her social service. She is generously supporting the elementary education in slum area in Amritsar district,

firmly committed to the upliftment of the slum dwellers and the aggrieved homeless. She is also known to have carried out the printing, free distribution of literature, spread awareness among environmental degradation and ruthless depletion. Under her guidance, Pingalwara has rushed relief measures to different parts of the country affected by earthquake, floods, tsunami and various other natural calamities. Dr. Inderjit Kaur is certainly a Sikh woman who is working hard to make our community proud.

fw. ieMdrjIq kOr pMjwb ( Bwrq) dy Sihr AMimRqsr siQq ipMglvwVw cYrItybl suswietI dI muKI fwktr ieMdrjIq kOr ie`k fwktr hox dy nwl nwl in`Gy suBwA Aqy dieAw BrpUr AOrq vI hY[ iehI kwrn hY ik Bgq purn isMG v`loN clwey ies imSn nUM auh vDIAw sMBwldI hoeI ies nUM clw rhI hY[ aus dIAW ienHW syvwvW nUM mwnqw idMidAW hoieAw , Bwrq srkwr v`loN aunHW nUM 25 jnvrI 2008 nUM Bwrq dy srv au`c isvlIAn snmwn, pdm BUSx nwl snmwinq kIqw igAw[ auh izlHw AMimRqsr dy Ju`gI JONpVI ielwky dy bìcAW nUM mu`FlI ivìdAw leI purI mdd kr rhy hn[ nwl hI aunHW ny Ju`gI JOpVI vwiLAW Aqy byGry lokW dI mdd krn dw bIVw vI cuìkAw hoieAw hY[ auh swihq nUM Cpvw ik ies nUM muPq vI vMf rhy hn[ ies dy nwl hI auh swP vwqwvrx pRqI sucyq krn leI vI pRcwr krn ‘c srgrm hn[ ieh aunHW dI ipMglvwVw dI suXog AgvweI sdkw hY ik aunHw ny dyS dy v`K v`K ihìsAW ‘c AweIAW kudrqI AwPqW ijvyN ik BUcwl, sunwmI Awid smyN lokW dI hr pRkwr dI mdd kIqI hY[ fw: ieMdrjIq kOr scmu`c hI ie`k AijhI is`K AOrq hY ijs ny kimauntI dy mwx nUM cwr cMn lwey hn Aqy ies leI A`gy vDwieAw hY[ XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

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Women with maternal compassion

Prakash Kaur P

is an inspiration to many women who fight for women and girls against abandonment, domestic violence and forced marriages. She has under her care, the sixty girls are well adjusted individuals willing to make a respectful place in the society. The girls attend regular schools and a few of them are happily married. She is a spring of guiding light fully abound with maternal compassion.

rakash Kaur, has dedicated her life to the onerous mission of rescuing and sheltering unclaimed newborn girls and even tells â&#x20AC;&#x153;They are my own childrenâ&#x20AC;?. She runs Unique Home in Jalandhar, Punjab which is a trust name after Bhai Ghanayya Ji a disciple of Guru Gobind Singh. She was just 24 in 1993 when she started the Unique Home from a single room. Wrapped in plastic bags or threadbare blankets, these newborn babies are left out to die on train tracks and rubbish bins, next to busy roads and in the middle of paddy fields. Her maternal compassion has guarded the lines of the many who have been cruelly shunned by the destiny. She

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pRkwS kOr pRkwS kOr ie`k auh AOrq hY ijs ny Awpxw jIvn aunHW b`cIAW nUM bcwaux Aqy rYx bsyrw dyx dw bIVw cu`ikAw hoieAw hY , ijnHW dw koeI vI nhIN[ auh qW ie`QoN q`k kihMdy hn ik ieh b`cIAW aunHW dIAW AwpxIAW DIAW hn[ aunHW v`loN ies kMm leI pMjwb ‘c jlMDr ivKy XUnIk hom nWA dI sMsQw bxweI hoeI hY[ieh sMsQw gurU goibMd isMG jI dy Kws is`K BweI GneIAw dy tr`st dy nWA ADIn c`l rhI hY[aunHW dI aumr audoN msW 24 swl dI hI sI jdoN aunHW ny sMn 1993 ‘c ie`k kmry ‘coN hI XUnIk hom SurU kIqw sI[ieh b`cIAW auh hn ijnHW nUM b`cIAW hox krky rylvy lweInW Aqy suMnswn QwvW ‘qy mrn leI C`f id`qw jWdw hY[

aunHw dw mu`K mMqv aunHW b`cIAW nUM syD dy ky cMgy rsqy pwaux dw hY, ijnHW nUM aunHW dy mwipAW ny iqlWjlI dy ky aunHW dI hoxI ‘qy hI C`f id`qw igAw hY[ pRkwS kOr hurIN aunHW AOrqW leI imswl hn jo GrylU ihMsw Aqy zbrI ivAwhW dy ivru`D sMGrS kr rhIAW hn[ ijnHW b`cIAW dI auh dyKBwl kr rhI hY aunHW dI igxqI 60 dy krIb hY jo vDIAw pVHweI krky smwj ‘c siqkwr BrI izMdgI ijauxw cwhuMdIAW hn[ bhuq swrIAW b`cIAw Ajy pVHweI kr rhIAW hn pr ku`J ivAwh krw ky vDIAw jIvn guzwr rhIAW hn[ pRkwS kOr jI mmqw dy ipAwr vwLw ie`k cSmw hY,jo lokW nUM vDIAw AgvweI dy irhw hY

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Five Vices

We Should Overcome According to the Sikh lifestyle instructed by Sikh Gurus, one should control and get rid of five vices. The Vices are Kaam (Lust), Krodth (Anger), Lobh (Greed), Moh (Emotional Attachment), and Ahankaar (Ego). According to Sikhism, our soul is a part of God, it has been separated from God and the purpose of our life is to become One with God just like a drop of water mingles with the ocean. However, we are polluted and in order to become one with God, we have to purify ourselves to become like God. Getting rid of five vices helps one to purify one’s self and meditate on God. When one meditates on God with pure love and pure soul, only then he or she attains salvation by becoming One with God. Kaam: Kaam means Lust. Lust is a barrier in meditation and becoming one with God. Sikh Guru instructed again and again to control lust and get rid of sexual desires. After getting rid of lust, one can focus his or her entire energy to become One with God. "Sexual desire and anger are the wounds of the soul. The evil-minded ones forget the Naam, and then depart. True are the teachings of the true Guru. The body and mind are cooled and soothed by the touchstone of Truth. This is the true mark of wisdom: that one remains detached, like the water-lily, or the lotus on the water. Attuned to the Shabad, one becomes sweet, like the juice of sugarcane" (Guru Granth Sahib Ji, 152).

Krodth: Krodth means Anger. It is said that you are at your weakest when you are angry. One makes poor decisions and gets carried away in anger to act upon the tasks one later regrets. A Sikh is to be in control all the time and have a full control on his or her anger in order to think rationally. One can control anger by meditating on God. To live a peaceful life, Guru Granth Sahib Ji instructs one to not even have any relations with the ones who have anger. "Do not meet or even approach people whose hearts are filled with horrible anger" (Guru Granth Sahib Ji, 40). Lobh: Lobh means Greed. Greed keeps one entangled in materialistic things, and as long as one remains

‘‘

• KAAM • KRODTH • LOBH • MOH • AHANKAAR

entangled in worldly possessions, he or she wanders away from God. "The waves of greed rise within him and he does not remember God. He does not join the company of the holy, and suffers in terrible pain through countless incarnations" (Guru Granth Sahib Ji, 77). "Filled with greed, one constantly wanders around; he does not do any good deeds. O Nanak, the Lord abides within the heart of the one who follows the Guru" (Guru Granth Sahib Ji, 321). "I have seen the world being destroyed by greed and egotism. Only by serving the Guru, God is realized and the true gate of salvation is found" (Guru Granth Sahib Ji, 228). Moh: Moh means Emotional Attachment. Emotional Attachment to things and worldly objects is a hindrance in the path to meet God. Family life is encouraged in Sikhism and in no way Sikhism states not to love your husband, wife, kids or family. However, one should be aware of the fact that all of this is temporary and will wash away XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

as everyone who takes birth also dies. "Nanak says, you will die one day, so why do you bother to collect wealth and property?" (Guru Granth Sahib Ji, 24). "You will have to abandon the materialistic things you have collected. These entanglements will be of no use to you. You are in love with the things that will not go along with you. You think these things are your friends but in fact these are your enemies. In such confusion, the world has gone astray. The foolish mortal wastes this precious human life. He does not like to see Truth and righteousness. He is attached to falsehood and deception; they seem sweet to him. He loves gifts, but he forgets the Giver. The wretched creature does not even think of death. He cries to possess other people?s things. He forfeits all the merits of his good deeds and religion. He does not understand the Lord's Command and continues going through birth and death. He sins and then regrets afterwards" (Guru Granth Sahib Ji, 676). Ahankaar: Ahankaar means Ego. People with ego think they are the ones in control and they have the power to do things. Being in Ego they forget God, His Power, and His Will. As long as one remains in ego, he or she cannot be One with God. "Acting in egotism, selfishness and conceit, the foolish, ignorant, faithless cynic wastes his life. He dies in agony, like one dying of thirst; O Nanak, this is because of the deeds he has done" (Guru Granth Sahib Ji, 260). "Those who meditate single-mindedly on

the Name of God, and contemplate the teachings of the Guru. Their faces are forever radiant in the Kingdom of God" (Guru Granth Sahib Ji, 28). "Egotism and anger are wiped away when the Name of God dwells within the mind. Salvation is attained by meditating on the Naam with a pure mind" (Guru Granth Sahib Ji, 33). "The world is drunk, engrossed in sexual desire, anger and egotism. Seek the sanctuary of the saints, and fall at their feet; your suffering and darkness shall be removed" (Guru Granth Sahib Ji, 51). It is hard to get rid of five vices. Naam helps one to get rid of the five vices. "Lust, anger, egotism, jealousy and desires are eliminated by chanting the Name of Lord" (Guru Granth Sahib Ji, 1389). "One who commits to Naam and sees this world as merely a temporary pasture. For him, lust and anger demolish like breaking a jar of poison" (Guru Granth Sahib Ji, 153). "The compassionate perfect Guru has eradicated my doubts and fears. The horrific demons, unsatisfied sexual desire and unresolved anger have been totally destroyed" (Guru Granth Sahib Ji, 854). Guru Ram Das Ji states, "I have obtained the supreme status by singing the Guru's Hymns; meeting with the devotees of God, I am blessed and adorned. Anger and attachment have left my body; hypocrisy and doubts are eradicated. The pain of egotism is gone, and I have found peace. My body has become healthy and free of disease. By Guru's Grace, O Nanak, I have realized God, the ocean of virtue" (Guru Granth Sahib Ji, 773).

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sulqwn-aul-kOm

s: j`sw isMG AwhlUvwlIAw

bu`Fw dl dy muKI Aqy dl Kwlsw dy jrnYl s: j`sw isMG AwhlUvwlIAw ƒ Xu`DvIr Aqy DrmvIr vjoN is`K ieiqhws ivc v`fw mwx pRwpq hoieAw hY[ s: j`sw isMG dI AgvweI ivc bwbw bGyl isMG ny jdoN id`lI ivKy lwl iklHw Pqih kIqw qW s: j`sw isMG AwhlUvwlIAw ƒ is`K kOm v`loN sulqwn-aul-kOm vjoN invwijAw igAw[ ies jrnYl dw jnm lwhOr dy nyVy ipMf AwhlU ivKy s: bdr isMG dy gRih ivKy 1718 eI: ivc hoieAw[ s: j`sw isMG Ajy 5 swl dy hI sn ik ipqw jI Akwl clwxw kr gey[

ienHW dI is`K Drm Aqy gurU-Gr nwl SrDw r`Kx vwlI DrmI mW ny Awpxy sky BweI s: Bwg isMG dI shwieqw nwl Awpxy b`cy s: j`sw isMG ƒ bcpn ivc hI id`lI ivKy mwqw suMdr kOr dI syvw ivc Byj id`qw[ ienHW ny qkrIbn s`q swl dw smW id`lI ivc hI ibqwieAw[ ies dOrwn s: j`sw isMG ny aus smyN dy muKI is`KW ivc cMgI jwx-pCwx bxweI[ jdoN mwqw jI qoN ivdwiegI pRwpq kIqI, aus vkq mwqw jI ny s: j`sw isMG dy krmXogI qy DrmI jIvn ƒ BWpidAW Biv`K ivc is`K jgq dI Xog AgvweI krn leI ies isdkI is`K XoDy ƒ iek ikRpwn, iek gurj, iek Fwl, iek kmwn, iek qIrW dw B`Qw, iek iKlAq Aqy iek cWdI dI cob bKiSS vjoN dy ky invwijAw igAw[ AwpxI dlyrI, suBwA Aqy qIKx bu`DI vrgy guxW sdkw nvwb kpUr isMG vrgy jrnYl dI nyVqw hwsl kr leI[ 1748 eI: ivc nvwb kpUr isMG dI bhwdr is`K sYnw dy bhwdr sUrbIrW ny s: j`sw isMG nwl iml ky Aihmd Swh AbdwlI dy v`fy lSkr ƒ nUr dIn dI srW Aqy vYrovwl nyVy Gyr ky gurIly FMg dy hmly krky BwjVW pw id`qIAW[ AMimRqsr dy mugl hwkm slwbd Kwn ƒ hrw ky v`K-v`K jiQAW ivc vMfy is`KW dI nzr ivc iek sulJy hoey is`K jrnYl vjoN siqkwr pRwpq kIqw[ ies swl nvwb kpUr isMG nwl iml ky ivswKI dy pwvn Avsr ‘qy sRI Akwl q^q swihb dI AgvweI hyT srb`q Kwlsy dy juVy iek`T ivc is`KW dy 65 jiQAW ƒ iek`Ty krky 11 imslW (12vIN imsl PUlkIAw qoN ibnW) ivc vMf ky ‘dl Kwlsw’ dI sQwpnw kIqI[ dl Kwlsw dy pihly jrnYl s: j`sw isMG AwhlUvwlIAw ƒ QwipAw igAw[ ies qoN ielwvw Awp AwhlUvwlIAw imsl dy sMsQwpk vI sn[ 7 AkqUbr, 1753 eI: ƒ nvwb kpUr isMG dy Akwl clwxy qoN ip`CoN s: j`sw isMG is`K kOm dI sYink SkqI Aqy dl pMQ bu`Fw dl dy muKI vjoN SRomxI jrnYl bxy[ ies qoN ip`CoN jdoN durwnI ny 1762 eI: ivc jdoN v`fI POjI qwkq nwl ihMdusqwn ‘qy hmlw kIqw, aus smyN dl Kwlsw dy srdwr AwpxI sYink SkqI Aqy pirvwrW smyq mwlyrkotlw nyVy ‘ku`p-rhIVw’ dy Aws-pws XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

Tihry hoey sn[ durwnI ny v`fI POjI qwkq nwl lwhOr qoN lgpg 36 GMitAW ivc FweI sO iklomItr dw s&r qYA krky is`KW au`qy hmlw kIqw[ Awpxy jrnYl s: j`sw isMG AwhlUvwlIAw dI AgvweI ivc isMG jwn hUl ky lVdy-lVdy Awpxy pirvwrW ƒ brnwly v`l iljw rhy sn[ durwnI ny ies hmly dOrwn 20 hzwr qoN 35 hzwr dy lgpg isMGW, AOrqW, bzurgW Aqy b`icAW ƒ ShId kIqw[ ies Gtnw ƒ is`K ieiqhws ivc ‘v`fy G`lUGwry’ vjoN Xwd kIqw jWdw hY[ A`jklH ies AsQwn ‘qy ‘v`fy G`lUGwry’ dI Xwd ivc ‘XwdgwrI’ iemwrq dI auswrI kIqI geI hY[ ieiqhws muqwibk ies G`lUGwry dOrwn s: j`sw isMG dy srIr au`qy 22 v`fy P`t l`gy sn[ ies qoN ip`CoN durwnI (Aihmd Swh AbdwlI) ny vwps muVidAW AMimRqsr Sihr au`qy hmlw kIqw Aqy s`cKMf sRI hirmMdr swihb ƒ bwrUd nwl aufw id`qw[ s: j`sw isMG ny isAwxp Aqy muKI is`K AwgU vjoN ‘dl Kwlsw’ muV surjIq kIqw Aqy v`fy G`lUGwry qoN do swl bwAd 1764 eI: ivc srihMd au`qy hmlw krky A&gwn POjdwr jYn KW ƒ mwr ky swrw Sihr nysqonwbUd kr id`qw[ hux s: j`sw isMG dI AgvweI ivc dl Kwlsw ny jmnw pwr dy ielwikAW au`qy s^q hmly krky id`lI q`k muV is`K SkqI dI DWk jmweI[ jdoN muV durwnI 1765 eI: ivc ihMdusqwn ‘qy cVH ky AwieAw qW auh is`K SkqI qoN

GbrwauNdw sI[ aus ny is`KW nwl smJOqw krky SWqI kwiem krn dw Xqn kIqw pr mhwn jrnYl s: j`sw isMG ny aus dI ies slwh ƒ pUrI qrHW TukrwA id`qw[ id`lI dy lwl iklHy au`pr kysrI prcm lihrwieAw[ 18vIN sdI ivc bwbw bMdw isMG bhwdr qoN bwAd jy iksy is`K jrnYl ƒ sunihrI hrPW ivc Xwd kIqw jWdw hY qW ieh mwx s: j`sw isMG AwhlUvwlIAw ƒ imldw hY[ ieh mhwn jrnYl 20 AkqUbr, 1783 eI: ƒ ies PwnI sMswr ƒ Alivdw AwK igAw[ aus smyN dy muKI is`KW ny ienHW dI smwD gu: bwbw At`l rwie dy nzdIk AMimRqsr ivKy bxvweI[ s: j`sw isMG dI Xwd burj AkwlI PUlw isMG AMimRqsr bu`Fw dl dy mOjUdw muKI bwbw blbIr isMG 96 kroVI dI AgvweI ivc mnweI jWdI hY[ ies mhwn jrnYl ƒ swfw pRxwm!

XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

The five star officer

he Indian Air Forceâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s sole 5-star officer; Arjan Singh was a towering personality in all respects. He was a man who always tasted the flight and his eyes always turned skyward. His ramrod posture and piercing gaze gave him a commanding presence made him larger than a life.

Arjan Singhâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s journey started in Lyallpur, educated in Montogomery and Government College in Lahore Arjan Singh joined the Indian Air Force in 1938.

XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

He served as the Chief of Air Staff from 1964 to 1969. From facing the Japanese during WWII, to leading the Indian Air Force during the war of 1965; Padma Vibhushan was honored to him. Arjan Singh was certainly a leader who reigned the skies. Then followed years of distinguished service as a diplomat, politician, advisor to the Indian government and the Lieutenant Governor of Delhi. He was honored as the first and only officer of the IAF to be promoted to the five star rank as Marshal of the IAF.

Known for his action and never say die attitude, Arjan Singh was far bigger a person then whats known or written about him. An incident is written by Rupendra Singh in his biography, ‘Arjan Singh: Marshal of the Indian Air Force’ that Arjan Singh sold of his farm near Delhi and entrusted a corpus of Rs. 2 crore to a trust devoted to the welfare of retired Air Force personnel. He was a hero who found the strength to persevere and endure in spite of overwhelming circumstances.

Marshal of the Indian Air Force Arjan Singh, DFC was entrusted with the responsibility of leading the Indian Air Force when he was only 44 years old, a responsibility he carried with elan. He was the leader who transformed the Air Force into a professional fighting force.

We have lost a great man; Arjan Singh on 16 September, 2017 due to cardiac arrest. The Marshal of the Indian Air Force soared to meet his maker, he would certainly have looked back at the fulfilling sorties in a life well lived.

A testing time came in September 1965 when Pakistan launched Operation Grand Slam, in which an armoured thrust targeted the vital town of Akhnur, he was summoned into the Defence Minister’s office with a request for air support. When asked how quickly the IAF will be ready for operations,he replied with his characteristic nonchalance,”...in an hour”. And true to his word, the Air Force struck the Pakistani offensive in an hour. He led the IAF through the war showing unparalleled leadership. The legend breathed his last at New Delhi due to cardiac arrest.

XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

PweIv stwr APsr

s. Arjn isMG BwvyN iksy vI p`K qoN vyKIey BwrqI hvweI sYnw dw ie`ko ie`k PweIv stwr pRwpq krn vwLw s. Arjn isMG ie`k Swndwr sKSIAq sI[aus ny sdw hI hvweI aufwx dw qzrbw kIqw Aqy aus dI A`K sdw hI Asmwn v`l rihMdI sI[aus dI Awpxy kMm pRqI suihrdqw Aqy aus dI GoKvIN q`kxI ny aus nUM aus dy jIvn nwLoN ikqy vfyrw bxw id`qw sI[ Arjn isMG dI jIvn Xwqrw lwielpur qoN SurU hoeI[aunHW ny imMtgumrI Aqy srkwrI kwlj lwhOr qoN pVHweI krn qoN bwAd 1938 ‘c BwrqI hvweI sYnw ‘c nOkrI krnI SurU kIqI[qr`kI dIAW mMizlW qYA krdy hoey auh BwrqI hvweI sYnw dy cIP AwP stwP bx gey Aqy aunHW ny ieh syvw 1964 ‘c SurU krky 1969 q`k bhuq Swndwr FMg nwL inBweI[ aunHW ny dUjI ivSv jMg ‘c vI BwrI hvweI sYnw dI AgvweI kIqI Aqy bwAd ‘c 1965 dI lVweI ‘c vI BwrqI hvweI POj dI kmwl dI AgvweI dw pRdrSn kIqw[ ies syvw bdly aunHW nUM pdm ivBUSn dy ky snmwinq kIqw igAw[ s. Arjn isMG ie`k ies qrHW dy hvweI sYnw muKI sn ijhVy Asmwn nUM Awpxy kwbU ‘c r`Kdy sn[ bwAd ‘c aunHW ny isAwsq ‘c pYr DirAw Aqy ifplomYt vjoN Swndwr zuMmyvwrI inBweI[[ auh Bwrq srkwr dy slwhkwr vI rhy Aqy bwAd ‘c id`lI dy lYPtInYNt gvrnr vI bxy[ auh BwrqI hvweI sYnw dy ie`ko ie`k Aqy pihly APsr hn ijnHW nUM PweIv

stwr pRwpq krn Aqy BwrqI hvweI sYnw dy mwrSl bxn dw mwx hY[ BwrqI hvweI POj dy mwrSl s. Arjn isMG fI AYP sI nUM BwrqI hvweI POj dI AgvweI krn dI jdoN zuMmyvwrI sMBwlI geI audoN aunHW dI aumr kyvl 44 swl dI hI sI pr aunHW ny ieh zuMmyvwrI bhuq hI vDIAw FMg nwL inBweI[ auh ies qrHW dy AwgU swbq hoey ijnHW ny BwrqI hvweI sYnw nUM ie`k pRoPYSnl lVwkU POj bxw id`qw[ aunHW dy iemiqhwn dI GVI AweI sqMbr 1965 ‘c jdoN pwiksqwn ny Acncyq AwprySn gRYNf slYm kr id`qw[ ies ‘c inSwnw bxwieAw igAw AKnUr dy ie`k ksby nUM[ s. Arjn isMG nUM r`iKAw mMqrI dy dPqr ‘c bulwieAw igAw Aqy

Ql sYnw dI mdd leI AwiKAw igAw[ jdoN aunHW nUM pu`iCAw igAw ik auh ies kMm leI ikMny icr ‘c iqAwr ho skdy hn qW aunHW dw jvwb sI, b`s ie`k GMty ‘c[ aunHW ny Awpxy vcn nUM qoV inBwauNidAW hoieAW pwiksqwn dy itkwxy ‘qy ie`k GMty ‘c hI hmlw kr id`qw[ ies jMg ‘c aunHW ny hvweI sYnw dI AgvweI kridAW bhuq hI Swndwr lIfriS`p dw muzwhrw kIqw[ ieh mwxm`qI sKSIAq nUM idl dw dOrw ipAw Aqy auh ipCly idnIN nvIN id`lI ‘c svrg isDwr gey[ ijMnw s. Arjn isMG sbMDI iliKAw igAw hY auh ies qoN ikqy v`D p`ky ierwdy vwLy Aqy isrmOr kmWfr sn[ aunHW dI jIvnI ijs dw isrlyK hY,” Arjn isMG: mwrSl AwP dw ieMfIAn Pors” ilKdy hoey ruipMdrw isMG ny ie`k Gtnw dw vrnx kIqw hY ijs ‘c aunHW d`isAw hY ik s. Arjn isMG ny Awpxw id`lI nyVy dw ie`k Pwrm vyc ky irtwier hvweI POjIAW dI BlweI leI 2 kroV dw ie`k tr`st bxwieAw hY[ s. swihb ies prkwr dy nwiek sn ijnHW ny SkqI nUM iek`Tw krky bhuq Kqrnwk hwlwq ‘c vI kwmXwbI pRwpq kIqI hY[ Acwnk idl dw dOrw pYx kwrn ieh mhwn XoDw swnUM 16 sqMbr 2017 nUM sdIvI ivCoVw dy igAw[ BwrqI hvweI POj dy ies mwrSl ny AMiqm ivdwiegI smyN AwpxIAW jIvn dIAW Swndwr pRwpqIAW ‘qy vI zrUr mwx mihsUs kIqw hovygw[ XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

The worship service

Sikh gurdwara includes both the house of worship proper and its associated langar, or communal refectory. The Adi Granth must be present at the gurdwara, and all attending must enter with heads covered and feet bare. Sikhs show their reverence by bowing their foreheads to the floor before the sacred scripture. Worship consists largely of singing hymns from the scripture, and every service concludes with Ardas, a set prayer that is divided into three parts. The first part consists of a declaration of the virtues of all the Gurus, and the last part is a brief salutation to the divine name; neither part can be changed. The middle part of the Ardas is a list, in a generally agreed form, of the trials and the triumphs of the Khalsa, which are recited in clusters by a prayer leader. The congregation responds to each cluster with a fervent “Vahiguru,” which originally meant “Praise to the Guru” but is now accepted as the most common word for God. The conclusion of the service is followed by the distribution of karah prasad, a sacramental food that consists of equal parts of coarsely refined wheat flour, clarified butter, and raw sugar. The rejection of caste The Adi Granth contains a forthright condemnation of caste, and consequently there is no toleration of caste in its presence (normally in a gurdwara). The Gurus denounced caste as holding no importance whatsoever for access to liberation. In the langar, therefore, everyone must sit in a straight line, neither ahead to lay claim to higher status nor behind to denote inferiority. Indeed, the distinctive Sikh langaroriginated as a protest against the caste system. Another signal of the Sikhs’ rejection of caste is the distribution of the karah prasad, which is prepared or donated by people of all castes. In two areas of Sikh society, however, caste is still observed. Sikhs are normally expected to marry within their caste: Jat marries Jat, Khatri marries Khatri, and Dalit marries Dalit. In addition, Sikhs of some castes tend to establish gurdwaras intended for their caste only. Members of the Ramgarhia caste, for example, identify their gurdwaras in this way (particularly those established in the United Kingdom), as do members of the Dalit caste. More than 60 percent of Sikhs belong to the Jat caste, which is a rural caste. The Khatri and Arora castes, both mercantile castes, form a very small minority, though they

are influential within the Sikh community. Other castes represented among the Sikhs, in addition to the distinctive Sikh caste of Ramgarhias (artisans), are the Ahluwalias (formerly Kalals [brewers] who have raised their status considerably) and the two Dalit castes, known in Sikh terminology as the Mazhabis (the Chuhras) and the Ramdasias (the Chamars). Rites and festivals Sikh Rahit Marayada, the manual that specifies the duties of Sikhs, names four rituals that qualify as rites of passage. The first is a birth and naming ceremony, held in a gurdwara when the mother is able to rise and bathe after giving birth. A hymn is selected at random from the Guru Granth Sahib, and a name beginning with the first letter of the hymn is chosen. Singh is added to the names of males and Kaur to females. A second rite is the anand karaj (“blissful union”), or marriage ceremony, which clearly

distinguishes Sikhs from Hindus. The bride and groom are required to proceed four times around the Guru Granth Sahib to the singing of Guru Ram Das’s Suhi Chhant 2, which differs from the Hindu custom of circling a sacred fire. The third rite—regarded as the most important—is the amrit sanskar, the ceremony for initiation into the Khalsa. The fourth rite is the funeral ceremony. In all cases the distinction between Sikhs and Hindus is emphasized. The initiation rite, as set down in Sikh Rahit Marayada, is conducted by six initiated Sikhs, five of whom conduct the actual rite while the sixth sits in attendance on the Guru Granth Sahib, which must be present on such occasions. The ritual involves pouring water into a large iron bowl and adding soluble sweets. This represents the amrit (“nectar”), which is stirred with a double-edged sword by one of the five Sikhs. After the recitation of certain works of the Gurus, which is followed by Ardas, the candidates XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

are commonly made to crowds of worshipers. Diwali, the Festival of Light, is observed by both Hindus and Sikhs; the Sikh celebration centres on the Golden Temple, which is illuminated for the occasion. For Sikhs, Diwali commemorates the release of Guru Hargobind from imprisonment by the Mughal emperor Jahāngīr in Gwalior. Hola Mahalla, which is held the day after the Hindu festival of Holi, was established by Gobind Singh as an alternative to the Hindu holiday. It was originally observed with displays of martial skills and mock battles and is now celebrated with military parades.

for initiation drink five handfuls of amrit offered to them. Each time, the Sikh giving it to them cries, “Vahi Guruji ka Khalsa, Vahi Guruji ki fateh” (“Praise to the Guru’s Khalsa! Praise to the Guru’s victory!”). Amrit is sprinkled over the initiates’ hair and eyes five times, and they drink the remainder of the amrit from the same bowl. They repeat five times the Mul Mantra (the superscription at the beginning of the Guru Granth Sahib), after which the Rahit is expounded to them by one of the five Sikhs. They are required to wear the Five Ks and to avoid four particular sins: cutting one’s hair, eating halal meat, having sexual intercourse with anyone other than one’s spouse, and using tobacco. The Sikh who commits any of these cardinal sins must publicly confess and be reinitiated. Anyone who violates the Rahit and does not confess is branded a patit (apostate). If a candidate has not received a name from the Guru Granth Sahib, one is conferred. Finally, karah prasad is distributed, all taking it from the same dish. Sikhism observes eight major festivals, as well as several others of lesser importance. Four of the main festivals are gurpurabs, or events commemorating important incidents in the lives of the Gurus, such as the birthdays of Nanak and Gobind Singh and the martyrdoms of Arjan and Tegh Bahadur. The remaining four are the installation of the Guru Granth Sahib, the New Year festival of Baisakhi, Diwali, and Hola Mahalla. Festivals are marked by processions in the streets and visits to gurdwaras, particularly to those associated with one of the Gurus or with some historical event. Speeches

gurU kw lMgr

- crnjIq isMG bl

is`K gurU swihbwn jo pRcwrdy sn aus nUM AmlI rUp vI idMdy sn[ ijhVy is`KI jIvn jwc Aqy rihq mrXwdw dy inXmW dw pRcwr krdy auhnW nUM Awpxy jIvn ivc Dwr ky nmUnw pysæ krdy sn[ bRwhmxW dy aUc-nIc dy ivqkry dIAW fUGgIAW jVHW pu`t ky isKI dy auqm isDWq, ‘smwjk brwbrqw’ dw bIj smwj dy mnW AMdr bIjx Aqy loVvMdW dI srIrk loV (AMn pwxI), dI pUrqI leI gurU nwnk swihb ny lMgr dI mrXwdw clweI[ pihlW aunHW ny Awp hI vswey ipMf krqwr pur ivc AwpxI h~k-hlwl dI kmweI ivcoN grIb-gurby Aqy Awey-gey rwhIAW nUM lMgr Ckaux dI syvw sæurU kIqI Aqy mgroN is`KW nUM vI iehI Adysæ idqw[ gurU nwnk swihb dI gurg`dI dy (n`nk joqI) auq`rwiDkwrIAW ny lMgr nUM is~KæI jIvn dw jærUrI AMg bxw idqw jo gurdvwirAW ivc ‘gurU kw lMgr ‘vjoN pRisD hoieAw[ gurU kw lMgr isKI dy cwr isDWq is`D krdw hY, smwijk brwbrqw, BweIcwrk sWJIvwlqw, praupkwr Aqy syvw[ mugl smrwt Akbr ny 1565 ivc pMg`q ivc gurU kw lMgr CikAw Aqy ies AnoKI pRMprw qoN pRBwvq ho ky gurU Amr dws swihb dy drsæn smyN lMgr dy nw jgIr lwaux dI ieCw pRgt kIqI qW gurU swihb ny ieh kihky nWh kr idqI ik ‘gurU kw lMgr gurisKW dI s`cI syvw Aqy su`cI kmweI nwl hI c`ly qW TIk hY[ gurU swihbwn ny ijs smyN lMgr dI mrXwdw clweI sI EdoN Awm jnMqw dI AwrQk dsæw, shUlqW dI Gwt Aqy pRclq bRwhmxvwdI smwijk prMprw krky ihMdosqwn dw smu`cw smwj Bojn BuMjy, sPW, mUhiVHAW, pIhVIAW Awid au`qy bih ky hI Ckdw sI[ gurU s`ihb`n ny is`KI dy smwjk brbrqw dy isDWq dI pUrqI leI smyN dy rsmo irvwj Anuswr is`Kæ/Ais`Kæ sMgqW nUM BuMjy pMgq ivc brwbr, iek`Ty bih ky gurU kw lMgr Ckx dw audysæ id`qw[

pRMqU bhuigxqI is`Kæ mweI/BweIy, jo praupkwrI qy AgWh-vDU is`K gurW dI mUlæ ivcwrDwrw nUM smJx qoN AsmrQ hn, lMgr Ckx nUM vI iek Dwrimk krm smJ bYTy hn[ Aqy ijhVI lMgr Ckx dI ivDI nUM gurU swihbWn ny 500 swl pihlW smyN dy AnukUl is`K sMgqW nUM Apnwaux dw Adysæ idqw sI, ieh ipCWh-iK`cU is`Kæ aus auqy ivcwr krky Ajoky smyN, QW, mOsm Aqy shUlqW Anuswr ivDI ivc loVINdI qbdIlI krn qoN ienkwrI hI nhIN hn, sgoN buDIjIvI, ivdvwn Aqy AgHW-v`DU is`KW au`qy Ais`Kæ hox gurmrXw BMg krn dw Pq`vw lwauNdy hn[ mhwn is`Kæ ivdvwn BweI kwnH isMG jI nwBw dy ivcwr, (1)“vydWiq gRMQW dy krm, pRkrx-krm, aupwsnw Aqy igAwn kWf iv`c vMfy gey hn[ hom Xg`X sæRwD, qrpx vRq Awid krmW dI ivDI ijs ivc d`sI geI hY, auh krm kWf hY[ hr mjæhbW dy krm ies qrHW smJ lYxy cwhIey[ siqgurU dw aupdysæ hY ik krmW dy Bwv smJ ky ivcwr nwl krm krny cwhIey[ ivKwvy Aru pwKMf nwl kIqy krm ADvw lokW dy T`gx leI krm jwl dw PYlwauxw au`qm nhIN[“ gurumq mwrqMf, pMnw 283-284 (2) “Aswfy ivc ivcwr sækqI bhuq G`t hY[ ibnW isDWq socy hI qu`C bwq qy ivqMfwvwd krn l`g jwny hW[ kuC smW hoieAw ik isæRomxI gurduvwrw pRbMDk kmytI ny iksy ivdysæ gey is`Kæ dy pRsæn dw au`qr dyNdy hoey rwie id`qI ik gurU gRMQ swihb dw isMGwsn au`cw r`K ky gurduvwrw bxwnw Aqy kursIAW qy bYTxw nw munwisb nhIN, ies sMbMD ivc h`doN vD ky ivroD hoieAw, pr iksy ny ieh ivcwr nhIN kIqI ik ies iv`c is`Kæ Drm dy iks inXm dw BMg hY[ gurU gRMQ swihb dw pUrw Adb r`K ky koeI insæcq (kMm) inMidq nhIN[ iksy smyN mhwrwijAW Aqy bwdsæwhW dy drbwr iv`c lok Kloqy rihMdy sn, pr smyN dy Pyr nwl mwmUlI AwdmIAW nUM BI bYTn dw AiDkwr XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

iml igAw[ gurU swihbW ny pRcwrkW nUM Awp mMjIAW bKsæIAW, dsmysæ ny pMj ipAwirAW Agy Klo ky AMimRq CikAw Aqy cmkOr ivc gurqw Arpn kIqI[“ “jy gurU Arjn dyv jI hirmMidr Awp nw bxw jWdy, au`prlI C`q Aqy gYlrIAW ivc bYTx vwilAW dI kpwl ikRXw, ibnW sMsy ho jWdI [“ gurumq mwrqMf, BUimkw, pM: B-m kpwl ikRXw-ihMdU mq Anuswr dwh smyN murdy dy isr nUM lkVI nwl BMnx dI ikRAw ijs qoN prwxI nUM ipqr lok pRwpq huMdw hY “pRym sumwrg dy krqw ilKdy hn, ‘pRswd jb qXwr hoie eyk jgh A`CI bnwie kY sæqrMjI kMbl, loeI ikCu hor kpVw hovY ivCwey, iqs pr bYT kpiVAW nwl Cky, cauNky kw BRm nw kry, Kwxw pIxw piv`qR hY Akwl dI bKæsæ hY[’ “ies dw ieh Bwv nhIN ik cOkI, kursI, mUVyH Awid qy bYT ky pRsæwd nw Cky, isDWq ieh hY ik ijs qrWH krm-kWfI, drI Awid Pærsæ auqy kpVy pihn ky Bojn nhIN krdy, Aijhw vihm nw kry[“ BweI kwnH isMG jI nwBw, gurumq mwrqMf pMnw 321 Dwrimk slwhkwr kmytI dI dUjI iek`qrqw jo 25 ApRYæl 1935 nMU idn dy 11:30 vjy ‘sæhId is`K imsænrI kwlj’ dy gurduAwry ivKy hoeI Aqy ijs iv`c hyT ilKy mYbrW ny Bwg ilAw sI[ 1:-sR: b: sR: kwhn isMG jI nwBw [ 2:-pRo: joD isMG jI [ 3:-pRo: qyjw isMG jI [ 4:-pRo gMgw isMG jI [ 5:- jQydwr mohx isMG jI [ ijs iv`c kursIAW vwry pws kIqw igAW mqW hyT ilKy Anuswr hY[

XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

guru pRkwsæ qy kursIAW (s) XUrp jW AmrIkw Awid dysæW iv`c ij~Qy ik Dwrimk AsQwnW iv`c kursIAW ‘qy bYTx dw irvwj hY AYsI QWeI jy gurU gRMQ swihb dw pRkwsæ aucI QW krky jy hyTW kursIAW ‘qyN bYiTAw jwey qW koeI hrj nhIN[ “pRym sumwrg dy krqw ilKdy hn, ‘pRswd jb qXwr hoie eyk jgh A`CI bnwie kY sæqrMjI kMbl, loeI ikCu hor kpVw hovY ivCwey, iqs pr bYT kpiVAW nwl Cky, cauNky kw BRm nw kry, Kwxw pIxw piv`qR hY Akwl dI bKæsæ hY[’ “ies dw ieh Bwv nhIN ik cOkI, kursI, mUVyH Awid qy bYT ky pRsæwd nw Cky, isDWq ieh hY ik ijs qrWH krm-kWfI, drI Awid Pærsæ auqy kpVy pihn ky Bojn nhIN krdy, Aijhw vihm nw kry[“ BweI kwnH isMG jI nwBw, gurumq mwrqMf pMnw 321

sMq qyjw isMG, Bw: myvw isMG sæhId, Bw: blvMq isMG, Bw: Bwg isMG, Bw: sMqoK isMG, Awid dIAW mhwn GwlxW Aqy kubwnIAW dw sdkw auqrI AmYirkw dy 1 sdI pihlW bxwey gurduvwirAW ivc EQoN dI siBqw Aqy rihxI-bihxI Anuswr mu~F qoN hI sQwnk sMgqW lMgr myjæw auqy CkdIAW AweIAW hn[ smyN smyN Bwrq qoN Awaux vwly j: tOhrw, pR: mnjIq isMG, pR drsæn isMG,sMq isMG mskIn, rwgI, FwfI, pRcwrk Awid vI ies mrXwdw Anuswr lMgr myjæW auqy hI Ckdy rhy hn[ ienHW gurduAwirAW auqy 1985 qoN iek dhwkw A`iqvwdI is~K DVy dy kbjæy smyN vI ibnW iksy Brm Bau dy ieh prMprw cldI rhI[ pr jdoN iek dhwky dw Byd-Bau vwlw BYVw pRbMD, ijs dw ienHW ny kdI iksy nUM koeI ihswb ikqwb nhIN id~qw, ienHW koloN sMgqW ny Awpxy h~Q lY ilAw qW ienHW ny lMgr qpVW aupr Ckxdy sæosæy rwhIN ktVpMQI AigAwnI is~KW dIAW AMDivsævwsæI BwvnwvW nUM BVkwauxw sæurU kr id~qw[ l~KW fwlrW dI AwmdnI vwly gurduAwirAW dw pRbMD ienHW h`QoN jWdw l~gw qW ienHW ny auh lwhyvMdw pRbMD muV h`iQaux vsqy bI sI, kYnyfw dy keI gurduAwirAW dy lMgrW ivcoN corI Aqy hulVbwjæI nwl kursIAW myjæ cuk id`qy[ idn ivc Anyk vwr, “jhW jhW Kwlsw jI swihb qhW qhW riCAw irAwieq” jpx vwly AKOqI KwlisAW ny 21 dsMbr 1996 nUM, srI, bI sI kYnyfw dy gurU nwnk is~K gurduAwry ivc muV kursIAW myjæ rKx Awey inh`Qy is~K mweI BweI dI ikrpwnW nwl vFH tuk kIqI[ ies hul~VbwjæI kwrn 9

jUn 1999 nUM AimRq isMG rwey, ipAwrw isMG nt, msqwn isMG dUly, hrjIq isMG ig~l Aqy sudwgr isMG sMDU nMU 2, 2, hjæwr fwlr jurmwny Aqy 1, 1, swl dI pRobysæn dIAW sjæwvW hoeIAW[ Awpxy suAwrQ is~DI leI ktVpMQIAW ny Bw. rxjIq isMG, qoN 20 AprYl 1998 nUM (v~fIAW rkmW qwr ky) qpVW au~qy lMgr Ckx dw hukmnwmw, ijs nUM auh Akwl purK dw hukm kih ky AMDivsævwsæI ipCæl~gW nUM BrmwauNdy sn, jwrI krvw ilAw[ pr auqrI AmrIkw dI purwxI iek sO swlw pRMprw, sMgqW dIAW BwvnwvW Aqy særDw nUM siqkwridAW bI sI kYnyfw dy gurduAwirAW dy pRbMDkW ny lMgrW ivcoN myjæ kursIAW nw cu`ky[ ktVpMQI DVy ny AYbtsPorf bI sI dy gurduAwry dy pRDwn Bw: moihMdr isMG koloN iek mhIny dy AMdr spsætIkrn dI ic~TI, ijs au~qy iek QW qrIk 16 AkqUbr 1998 hY Aqy dUjI QW 2 nvMbr 1998 hY, hukmnwimAWdI JVI lwaux vwly Bw: rxjIq isMG qoN mMgvw leI[ iek mhIny ip~CoN Bw: moihMdr is~G smyq ieMfo knyfIAn tweImjæ dy sMpwdk s: qwrw isMG hyAr, igAnI hrkIrq isMG, Bw: jrnYl isMG, Bw: ksæmIr isMG Aqy Bw: rqn isMG igrn nUM pMQ ivcoN Cyk dyx dw hukmnwmW mMgvw ilAW[ lMgr dy hukmnwimAW pRqI is~K ivdvwnW Aqy AwgUAW dIAW itpxIAW “mYN mihsUs krdw hW ik lMgr sbMDI hukmnwmw kwhlI ivc jwrI kIqw igAw[ rojæ rojæ hukmnwmyN jwrI krn dI iprq is~K kOm leI bhuq Gwqk swbq hoeI hY[” ismrnjIq isMG mwn “pMj ipAwirAW dw krq~v hY ik auh sdw is~K sMgq dIAW BwvnwvW dw siqkwr krn[ jy AYsw huMdw qW shI qrIkw ieh sI ik sO swl qoN XUrp, AmrIkw, knyfw, qy AwstrylIAw Awid iv~c vsdy is~K numwieMidAW nUM bulw ky suJwau ley jWdy ik vrqmwn AgRgwmI Xu~g iv~c is~KW ny lMgr Ckx smyN qp~VDwrI hoxw hY jW myjæ kursIvwdI[ lMgr Ckx dI sWJI rhu-rIqI dw mMqv ieqnw hI hY ik is~K BweIcwry iv~c hr qrHW snmwnqw qy brwbrI dw vrqwrw hI hovy[ jykr myjæ kursIAW qy bih ky vI ieh brwbrI brkrwr r~KI jw skdI hY qW ies ivDI dI inKyDI ikauN qy ies auqy ieqrwjæ ikauN?” pRo: ipAwrw isMG pdm ieMstIicaut AwP is~K st~fIjæ dy 8 mYNbrW vloN j: tOhrw Aqy Bw: rxjIq isMG nUM Byjy p~qr ivcoN, “ku~J Kws pRsiQqAW ivc myjæ kursIAW auqy lMgr Ckx nwl is~KI dy muFly AsUlW dI koeI aulMGxw nhIN huMdI, ies leI is~K BweIcwry ivc eykqw bxweI r~Kx leI ies PYsly auqy Aml hwl dI GVI rok id~qw jwvy[” ‘is~K sMsQwvW dy inGwr’ bwry iesy ieMstIicaut vloN gurduAwrw kMQwlw ivKy krvwey sYmInwr smyN v~K v~K ivdvwnW vloN pysæ kIqy ivcwr, “is~KW dI Dwrimk Aqy Awn-sæwn dI kwiemI leI iek srb-au~c is~K sMsQw sQwpq kIqI jwvy ijhVI nw kyvl is~K msilAW pRqI sgoN, sRI Akwl qKq dw jQydwr inXukq krn dw PYslw kry [” fw: KVk isMG “Akwl qKq dy swbkw jQydwr Bw: rxjIq isMG ny hukmnwimAW dI JVI lw id~qI sI[ pMQ ivcoN iksy nUM koeI Kwrj nhIN kr skdw ikauNik ieh pRQw vI brwhxvwd qoN leI geI hY[ ies leI hukmnwmyN jwrI krn dI bjwey kurIqIAW dUr krn v~l iDAwn dyxw cwhIdw hY[ iek pwsy AsIN dyhDwrI gurU dy ivroDI hW XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

pr dUjy pwsy AsIN Awp hI sRI Akwl qKq dy jQydwr nUM dyhDwrI gurU bxw idMdy hW[ ies nvIN srb-au~c is~K sMsDw nUM PYsly krny cwhIdy hn qy ienHW PYsilAW nUM Akwl qKq dy jQydwr nUM lwgU krnw cwhIdw hY[“ “1935/36 iv~c is~K kOm dy auGy ivdvwnW (pRo: qyjw isMG, ipRM. joD isMG, bwvw hriksæn isMG Awid)ny prvwsI is~KW nUM ies g~l dI AwigAw id~qI sI ik auh sRI gurU gRMQ swihb nUM au~cw r~K ky kursIAW auqy bYT ky dIvwn sjw skdy hn[ ies leI aunHW nUM pMQ ivcoN Cykx dw PYslw glq hY[” fw. mwn isMG inrMkwrI 1935/36 ivc prvwsI is~KW nUM kiQq AwigAw, jo sæRomxI gu pR kmytI dI mohr hyT id~qI geI sI bwry Bw: kwnH isMG jI nwBw dI itpxI, “Aswfy iv~c ivcwr sækqI bhuq G~t hY, ibnW isDWq socy hI qu~C bwq qy ivqMfwvwd krn l~g jwny hW[ kuC smW hoieAw ik, sæRomxI gu pR kmytI ny iksy ivdysæ gey is~K dy puC~n dw au~qr dyNdy hoey rwie id~qI ik gurU gRMQ swihb dw isMGwsn au~cw r~K ky gurduAwrw bxwnw Aqy kursIAW qy bYTxw nw munwisb nhIN, ies sMbMd iv~c h~doN vD ky ivroD hoieAw, pr iksy ny ieh ivcwr nhIN kIqw ik ies iv~c is~K Drm dy iks inXm dw BMg hY[ jy gurU Arjn dyv jI hirmMidr Awp nw bxw jWdy, qW au~prlI C~q Aqy gYlrIAW iv~c bYTx vwilAW dI kpwl ikRXw ibnw sMdhy ho jWdI[” gurumq mwrqMf, Buimkw pMnw B-m (kpwl ikRXw:-ihMdU mq Anuswr AMqm sskwr smyN imRqk dw isr soty nwl Bnx nwl aus nUM ipqr lok pRwpq huMdw hY) Agsq 1998 iv~c pMjwb-hirAwxw dI au~c kcihrI dy is~K vkIlW ny ienHW hukmnwimAW nUM glq Aqy Bw: rxjIq isMG nUM qwnwsæwh d~sidAW aus qoN AsqIPw dyx dI mMg kIqI[ Bw: rxjIq isMG dI jQydwrI smyN Akwl qKq sMbMDI hoeIAW

auprokq durGtnwvW qoN spsæt hY ik auh kroD, loB, haumy Aqy AhMkwr dw rogI hY[ ieh vI spsæt hY auh Akwl qKq dy syvwdwr/jQydwr bxn dy AXog sI, ikauNik jW qW aus nUM sæRomxI kmytI vloN prvwsI is~KW nUM gurduAwirAW iv~c kursIAW r~Kx dI 1935/36 dI AwigAw bwry igAwn nhIN sI[ jy igAwn sI qW aus ny kursIAW cu~kx Aqy aunHW nUM is~K pMQ iv~coN Cykx dy hukmnwmyN jwrI krky AwpxI hUVHmq dw pRgtwvw kIqw sI[ sR: pUrn isMG jI josæ sæRomxI gurduvwrw pRbMDk kmytI dy mYNbr ilKdy hn, “ivdysæW ivc rihMdIAW sMgqW leI lMgr dI mrXwdw dw PYslw qW sRI Akwl qKæq swihb qoN ho igAw pr swrI (sæRomxI kmytI dI) AYgjæYkitv hr mIitMg ivc lMgr ivcoN iqAwr ho ky AwieAw pRsæwdw kursIAW qy kocW qy bYT ky CkdI hY[ kI ieh mrXwdw dI aulMgxw nhIN?”

XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

- crnjIq isMG bl

is`KI igAw

mnu`KI bOiDk igAwn Aqy ivigAwn dy ivkws nwl AiDAwqmk igAwn, Dwrimk sMklpW, isDwqW Aqy sMskwrW ivc vI pirvrqn AwauNdw igAw[ Drm dy do ivSyS AMgW, AiDAwqmk igAwn Aqy ivSvws ivcoN ij`Qy snwqn jW purwqn DrmW ivc ivSvws nUM nvyklI QW pRdwn hY EQy nvyN DrmW ivc AiDAwqmk igAwn nUM vDyrY mh`qqw pRdwn hY[ dunIAW dy srySt/sRyST DrmW ivcoN swirAW nwLoN nvIn Drm hox krky is`^ Drm ivc AiDAwqmk igAwn dy AMg dI QW nvyklI hY[ Awid, purwqn Aqy m`DkwlI simAW ivc ivdvqw dI Gwt kwrn mnu`Kqw dI Dwrimkqw ivc AigAwnqw prbl sI[ AigAwnqw qoN AMDivSvws, AMnHIN SrDw, Brm Bau, ivAkqI/mUrqI pUjw, blIdwn, Pokt krmkWf, k`tVvwd, Awid jnm lYNdy hn[ ies q`Q, ik AMDivSvws Aqy AMnHIN SrDw vs lokW nUM sOKw gumrwh kIqw jw skdw hY, qoN kuitl Dwrimk AwgU BlI pRkwr jwxU sn[ Aqy auh ies q`Q nUM mu`F kdIm qoN injI suAwrQ leI mMqr vjoN vrqdy Awey hn[ lokweI ivc AMDivSvws Aqy AMnHI SrDw kwiem r`K ky lu`t mwr ihq ihMdU Drm dy AwgU bRwhmx ny ivdvqw Aqy AiDAwqmk igAwn dy AiDkwr bRwhmx Aqy K`qrI vrnW vwsqy rwKvyN r`Ky hoey sn[ jp qp jW vydW dw pwT sunx vwly SUdR dy kMnW ivc is`kw FwL ky pwaux Aqy pwT pVnH vwLy dI jIB k`tx jW aus nUM mwrn dy dMf id`qy jwx bwry pVnH sunx ivc AwauNdw hY[ 1) SUdR nUM Akl nw isKwvy, Drm dw aupdyS nw kry, bRq Awidk nw d`sy[ jo SUdR nUM ieh glW isKwaNdw hY auh AnHyr Gu`p nrk ivc jw pYNdw hY[ visSt sMihqw 2) jo SUdr jp, hom kry, rwjw aus nUM mrvw dyvy[ AiqR sMihqw AiD: 18 d`isAw jWdw hY ik ihMdU dyvqy rwm cMdR ny bx ivc qp krdy iek SMbUk nwmI SUdr nUM ies AMivSvwsI Brm kwrn qlvwr nwl kql kr id`qw ikauNik aus nUM k`tVpMQI lokW ny d`isAw sI ik SUdr dy qp krn kwrn iek bRwhmx dw puqr mr igAw sI[ ies ieiqhwsk jW imiQhwsk pRsMg dw sMKyp kuC ies pRkwr hY, rwm cMdR nY puiCAw, "qUM kOx hYN?" aus ny auqr id`qw, "hy rwm! mYN SMbUk nwmIN SUdr hW Aqy surg dI ie`Cw kr ky qp kr irhw hW[" ieh sux ky rwm cMdR ny qlvwr k`Fky SMbUk dw isr kql kr id`qw[

AkwS ivc swry dvyqy Aw Ak`Ty hoey Aqy rwm cMdR dy gux gwauNdy Aqy Pu`l brswaudy kihx l`gy, "hy rwm! qUM Dn hYN, qUM surg ivc Awaux dI ie`Cw krn vwLy SUdr dw isr v`F ky dyviqAW vwLw krm kIqw hY Aqy BwrI puMn K`itAw hY[" ihMdU mq dy Dwrimk mrXwdw Aqy smwjk, AwrQk Aqy rwjnIqk nXm bRwhmx dy Awpxy bxwey hoey hox krky, auh pwp, AprwD krky vI pwpI Aqy AprwDI nhIN sI ho skdw[ jgq dy AMn, DMn, sMpqI, Awid D`ky nwl h`iQAwaux dy AiDkwr vI bRwhmx dy rwKvyN sn[ iBRg dI ilKI mnuisimRqI mnusMihqw Anuswr:1) jgq ivc ijqnw Dn hY sB bRwhmx dw hY[ bRwhmW dy mUMh qoN pYdw hox krky sB kuC gRihx krny Xog bRwhmx hY[ bRwhmx jo dUsry dw AMn KWdw hY, kpVw pihndw hY jW iksy dIAW cIzW vrqdw hY qW ieh nw smJo ik bRwhmx iksy dI vsqU vrqdw dw hY[ nhIN, eyh jo kuC sMswr ivc hY sB bRwhmx dw hI hY[ AiD: 1, slok: 100-101 2) bRwhmx jy corI kry qW rwjw aus nUM szw nw dyvy[ AiD: 77, slok: 22 3) mUrK hovy BwvyN piVAw bRwhmx v`fw dyvqw hY[ AiD: 9 slok: 347 4) iesqrI Aqy bRwhmx qoN Cu`t iksy nUM mwrnw AprwD nhIN[ AiD: 8-112 11-61 5) SUdr dI inrdoSqw inscq krn leI aus dy h`QW ivc q`qw lohw PVwieAw jwvy jW aus nUM pwxI ivc foibAw jwvy[ jy aus dy h`Q q`qy lohy nwL nhIN sVdy jW auh foibAW nhIN mrdw qW auh inrdoS hY[ 5) bRwhmx bd-cln BI pUjx-Xog hY[ prwsr sMihqw nwnk dyv jI dw Awgmn gurU nwnk dyv jI dy Awgmn smyN bRwhmx SryxI ny AMnHI SrDw Aqy AMDivSvws vs ihMdU smwj nUM nrk/surg, pwp/pun, dwn, dSnw, SuB/ASuB, grih/mhUrq, qIrQ ieSnwn, X`g, SrwD, Awid dy Brm BulyiKAW ivc pwieAw hoieAw sI[ ieslwm dy Dwrimk AwgU kwzI, mu`lW Aqy rwjsI jrvwxy AwgU vI Drm dy nW au`qy AiqAwcwr kr rhy sn[ ihMdU jbrn muslmwn bxwey jWdy sn[ dovW DrmW dIAW iesqRIAW dI dSw qrsXog sI[ Gr Aqy smwj ivc mW, BYx, DI Aqy pqnI dI hYsIAq golI, pSU, SUdr, pYr dI ju`qI Awid vrgI hI mMnI jWdI sI Aqy auhnW nwl vrqwE vI

wn dw Drm iehnW jwqIAW vrgw hI huMdw sI[ ihMdU Drm Anuswr:cor, gvwr, SUdr Ar nwrI[ cwroN qwVn ky AiDkwrI[ qulsI dws, rwmwiex ivvykI, qrkSIl Aqy suDwrk suBw gurU nwnk dyv jI nUM ieh AMDivSvwsI Dwrimk sMklp, sMskwr, kukrm, kurihqW Aqy smwjk AiqAwcwr prvwn nhIN sn[ suDwrk suBw vwLy hox krky bwl AvsQw ivc hI auhnW ny bVI dlyrI nwl Dwrimk Aqy rwjsI AwgUAW nUM vMgwirAw hI nhIN sgoN auhnW dy AMDivSvwsI Dwrimk krmkWfW, kukrmW, pKMfW Aqy smwjk AiqAwcwr dI nKyDI vI kIqI[ mwxs Kwxy krih invwjÒ CurI vgwiein iqn gil qwgÒ iqn Gir bRhmx pUrih nwdÒ aunHw iB Awvih EeI swdÒ kUVI rwis kUVw vwpwrÒ kUVu boil krih AwhwruÒ

srm Drm kw fyrw dUirÒ nwnk kUVu rihAw BrpUirÒ Awsw dI vwr, m: 1 pMnw 471 ArQ:- (kwzI qy muslmwn hwkm) hn qW v`FI Kor, pr pVHdy hn nmwzW[ (iehnW dy munSI, KqRI) CurI clWdy hn (Bwv grIbW au`qy zulm krdy hn), pr auhnW dy gl ivc jnyaU hn[ iehnW (zwlm KqRIAW) dy Gr ivc bRwhmx jw ky sMK vjWdy hn, qW qy auh bRwhmx vI auhI (zulm dI K`tI dw) suAwd mwxdy hn[ ieh kUVI pUMjI Aqy kUVw vwpwr hY[ kUV bol bol ky ieh inrbwh krdy hn[ Srm Drm dw fyrw (iehnW dy mnW qoN) dUr ho cukw hY[ hy nwnk! sB QweIN kUV hI vrq irhw hY[ gRrU gRMQ drpn, sYNcI 3, pMnw 671 mQY itkw qyiV DoqI kKweIÒ hiQ CurI jgq ksweIÒ nIl bsqR pihir hovih prvwxuÒ mlyC Dwnu ly pUjih purwxuÒ ABwiKAw kw kuTw bkrw KwxwÒ cauky aupir iksy nw jwxwÒ

XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

dy kY caukw kFI kwrÒ aupir Awie bYTy kUiVAwrÒ mqu iBtY vy mqu iBtYÒ iehu AMnH Aswfw iPtYÒ qin iPtY PyV kryinÒ min jUTY culI BryinÒ khu nwnk scu iDAweIAYÒ suic hovY qw scu pweIAYÒ Awsw dI vwr, mhlw 1, pMnw 471 ArQ:- (ieh KqRI) m`Qy au`qy itkw lWdy hn, qyV gyrUey rMgI DoqI (bMnHdy hn) pr h`Q ivc (mwno) ksweI vWgUM CurI PVI hoeI hY (dwA l`gy jIAw Gwq krdy hn) nIly kpVy pw ky (muslmwnI hwkmW dI nOkrI leI) prvwn huMdy hn[ (ijnHW nUM) mlyC (AwKdy hn auhnW qoN) AMn dwxw lYNdy hn Aqy (Gr Aw ky) purwx pUjdy hn[ (mlyC bolI ivc klmw pVHky) hlwl kIqw hoieAw bkrw KWdy hn pr AwKdy hn ik swfy cOky au`qy koeI nw Aw jwvy[ cOkw bxw ky (duAwly) lkIr k`Fdy hn (ies) cOky au`qy auh mnu`K Aw bYTdy hn jo Awp hI JUTy hn[ (hornW nUM AwKdy hn cOky nyVy nw Awau) ikqy swfw AMn nw iBitAw Aqy iPt jwvy[ (ieh) mlIn qn vwly mMdy krm krdy hn Aqy jUTy mn vwly culIAW krn dw pKMf krdy hn[ hy nwnk! AwK, pRBU nUM iDAwauxw cwhIdw hY, qW hI su`cy hoeIdw hY Aqy s`cy pRBU nUM pweIdw hY[ gurU gRMQ drpn, sYNcI 3, pMnw 672-3 rwjy sIh mukdm kuqyÒ jwie jgwiein bYTy suqyÒ cwkr nhdw pwiein GwauÒ rqu ipqu kuiqho cit jwhuÒ ijQY jIAW hosI swrÒ nkI vFI lwieqbwrÒ rwgu mlwr kI vwr, m: 1, pMnw 1288 ArQ:- rwjy (mwno) Syr hn (auhnW dy) hwkm (mwno) ku`qy hn jo bYTy su`qy lokW nUM jw jgWdy (duKI krdy) hn[ (ieh) cwkr (mwno rwjy SyrW dIAW) nhuMdrW hn (jo lokW dw) Gwq krdIAW hn, (rwjy SINh iehnW muk`dm) ku`iqAW dI rwhIN (lokW dw) lhU pINdy hn[ ij`Qy jIvW (dy krmW) dI prK hoxI hY EQy n`k v`Fy (ieh rwjy qy muk`dm) bypRqIqy (smJy jWdy hn)[ gurU gRMQ drpn, sYNcI 9, pMnw 321-2

igAwn dy Drm dI nINh AMiDivSvwsI, BrmwaU Dwrimk krmkWf, k`tV rhurIqIAW, smwijk Aqy rwjsI durwcwr, iBRStwcwr, AnrQ, Awid AnuBv kridAW suDwrk gurU nwnk dyv jI ny AduqI is`^ Drm dI nINh r`KI ijs ivc AiDAwqmk igAwn Aqy pUrn ivSvws prbl hY, Aqy ijs dI ivcwrDwrw Anuswr (is`^ dI) Awqmw Aqy prmwqmw dy sumyl leI kyvl gurU (gRMQ swihb), dI vcolgI dI hI loV hY[ prmwqmw gurU gRMQ swihb dI bwxI dw ArMB mUl mMqr Aqy mmglwcrx, ijnHW ivc prmwqmw dI pirBwSw drsweI geI hY, nwl huMdw hY[ <>, siqnwmu, krqw, purKu, inrBau, inrvYru, Akwl mUriq, AjUnI, sYBM, gur pRswidÒ ÒjpuÒ Awid scu jugwid scuÒ hY BI scu nwnk hosI BI scuÒ ArQ:- iek EAMkwr jo iek rs ivAwpk hY, ijs dw nwm hoNd vwlw hY, jo isRStI dw krqw hY, srb ivAwpk hY, BY Aqy vYr rihq hY, ijs dw srUp kwl rihq hY, jo jUnW ivc nhIN AwauNdw, ijs dw prkwS Awpxy Awp qoN hoieAw hY Aqy jo gurU dI ikrpw nwl imldw hY[ (auh pRmwqmw) pihlW vI hoNd ivc sI, jugW ivc vI hoNd ivc sI, hux vI hoNd ivc hY Aqy AgWh vI hoNd ivc rhygw[ gurU gRMQ swihb dI smucI bwxI BwvyN Agm, Agocr prmwqmw dy bhuq swry gux vrnn krdI hY pr gurU swihb dy m`uKvwk Anuswr aus dy swry gux mnu`K qoN igxy hI

nhIN jw skdy[ qyry kvn kvn gux kih kih gwvw qU swihb guxI inDwnwÒ qumrI mhmw brin n swkau qUM Twkr auc BgvwnwÒ rwg sUhI, mhlw 4, pMnw 735 imhrvwn swihbu imhrvwnÒ swihbu myrw imhrvwnuÒ jIAw sgl kauy dyie dwnÒ rwgu iqlMg, mhlw 5, pMnw 724 imT bolVw jI hir sjxu suAwmI morwÒ hua sMmil (cyqy kr ky) QkI jI, Eh kdy n bolY kauVwÒ kauVw boil n jwnY, pUrn BgvwnY, Aaugxu ko n icqwry piqq pwvnu hir ibrdu sdwey, iek iqlu nhI BMnY GwlyÒ Gt gt vwsI srb invwsI, nyry hI qy nyrwÒ nwnk dwsu sdw srxwgiq hir AMimRq sjxu myrwÒ rwgu sUhI, mhlw 5, pMnw 724 gurU Drm dw mUl mMqv mnu`KI Awqmw dw prmwqmw nwl sdIvI sumyl, auqm sdwcwrk, mnu`KI BweIcwrk Aqy smwijk jIvn jwc prdwn krnw hY[ ies jIvn jwc Aqy sumyl leI s`cy gurU dI loV hY[ is`KI dI mUl ivcwrDwrw Anuswr mnu`K dw s`cw gurU aus dw ivnwSI srIr nhIN, AivnwSI Sbd hY[ gurU Sbd qoN auqm mnuKI jIvn jwc dI ivDI is`KI jw skdI hY Aqy gurU Sbd duAwrw prmwqmw dI isPq swlwh kIiqAW sumyl ho skdw hY[ is`^ nUM jugojug Atl gurU gRMQ swihb qoN Cu`t iksy hor vcoly dI loV nhIN hY[ kvx mUlu, kvx miq vylwÒ kvxu gurU, ijs kw qU cylw Ò pvn ArMBu, siqgur miq vylw Ò sbdu gurU, suriq Duin cylw Ò isD gosit, pMnw 943 ArQ:- isDW dw gurU nwnk jI nUM pRSn, (jIvn dw) kI mUl hY, kyhVI isiKAw lYx dw (ieh mnu`Kw jnm dw) smw hY? (au`qr) pRwx hI mnu`K dI hoNd dw mu`F hn[ (ieh mnu`Kw jnm dw) smw siqgurU dI isiKAw lYx dw hY[ Sbd gurU hY, suriq dw itkwau (gurU dw) cylw (is`^) hY[ gurU gRMQ drpn, sYNcI 7, pMnw 58 bwxI gurU, gurU hY bwxI, ivic bwxI AMimRq swryÒ guru bwxI khy syvk jnu mwnY, prqiK gurU insqwryÒ rwgu nt, AstpdIAw, mhlw 4, pMnw 982 ArQ:- (gurU dI) bwxI (is`K dw gurU hY)Y, gurU bwxI ivc ivAwpk hY[ bwxI ivc Awqmk jIvn dyx vwlw nwm AMimRq hY, (ijs nUM is`K ihrdy ivc) sWB ky r`Kdw hY[ gurU bwxI aucwrdw hY, syvk aus ivc SrDw Dwrdw hY, gurU aus is`K nUM XkInI (sMswr smuMdr qoN) pwr lMGw idMdw hY[ sRI: gurU: gRM: sw: drpn, sYNcI 7, pMnw 319 igAwn AMjnu guir dIAw AigAwn AMDyr ibnwsuÒ hir ikrpw qy sMq ByitAw nwnk min prgwsuÒ1Ò rwgu gauVI, suKmnI, pMnw 293 kuMBy bDw jlu rhY, jl ibnu kuMBu n hoieÒ igAwn kw bDw mnu rhY, gur ibnu igAwnu n hoieÒ5Ò rwgu gauVI, suKmnI, pMnw 293 ijau AMDkwr dIpk prgwsuÒ gur drsnu dyiK min hoie ibgwsuÒ ijau mhw auidAwn mih mwrgu pwvY Ò iqau swDU sMig imil joiq pRgtwvYÒ suKmnI, pMnw 282

XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

dsmyS gurU goibMd isMG jI ny AMDivSvwsI Dwrimk krmkWf rihq is`^ Drm Aqy pMQ nUMU dMBI gurUAW, gurU GMtwl Aqy ByKDwrI Dwrimk T`gW qoN sur`iKAq rKx leI ‘sB is`^n ko hukm hY gurU mwinau gRMQ’ dy AwdyS duAwrw ies AduqI is`KI sMklp nUM is`KI isDWq bxw id`qw[ is`^ gurU gRMQ swihb qoN pRwpq is`^ dI pirBwSw bVI sMKyp pr ivSwl Aqy Aqysp`St hY[ gurU Sbd duAwrw prmwqmw dI isPq swlwh krn, gurU dI is`iKAw, Bwv gurU dI d`sI jIvn jwc gRihx krn Aqy gurU dy pwey pUrinAW au`qy cl`x vwlw mnu`K is`^ hY[ gur siqgur kw jo isKu AKwey su Blky auiT hir nwmu iDAwvYÒ audm kry Blky prBwqI iesnwnu kry AMimRqsr nwvYÒ aupdyis gurU hir hir jpu jwpY siB iklivK pwp doK lih jwvYÒ iPir cVY idvsu gurbwxI gwvY bhidAw auTidAw hir nwm iDAwvYÒ jo swis igrwis iDAwey myrw hir hir so gurisK gurU min BwvYÒ gauVI kI vwr, mhlw 4, pMnw 305-6 ArQ:- jo mnu`K siqgur dw (s`cw) is`^ AKvWdw hY (Bwv ijs nUM lok s`cw is`^ AwKdy hn) auh roz svyry au`T ky hir-nwm dw ismrn krdw hY[ hr roz svyry au`dm krdw hY, ieSnwn krdw hY (qy iPr nwm-rUpI) AMimRq dy srovr ivc tu`BI lwauNdw[ siqgur dy aupdyS duArw pRBU dy nwm dw jwp jpdw hY qy (ies qrHW) aus dy swry pwp-ivkwr lih jWdy hn[ iPr idn cVHy siqgurU dI bwxI dw kIrqn krdw

XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

hY qy (idhwVI) bihMidAW au`TidAW pRbU dw nwm jpdw hY[ siqgurU dy mn ivc auh is`^ cMgw lgdw hY jo ipAwry pRBU nUM hr dm Xwd krdw hY[ itpxI:- 'iesnwnu kry AMimRqsr nwvY' dw Bwv, nwm rUpI AMimRq dy srovr ivc ieSnwn kry[ ieh Sbd gurU rwm dws jI dw aucwirAw hoieAw hY[ AMimRq srovr dI kwr syvw guru Arjn dyv jI ny krwveI sI[ "is`^ auh hY ijs ny jgq gurU dy ivcwr Anuswr isKXw is`KI hY, Ar is`K Drm dI rihq Dwrn kIqI hY[" BweI kwnH isMG jI nwBw, gurmq mwrqMf, Bwg 1, pMnw 137

ivl`Kx Drm ij`Qy sMswr dy hor mq Drm kmwaux, pRBU qoN dwqW mMgx, mwnisk/srIrk rogW, pirvwrk AOkVW Aqy AwrQk du`KW qoN Cutkwrw pwaux dIAW ivDIAW jMqR, mMqR, jwdU, tUxy, blIdwn, qIrQ ieSnwn, pUjw, Awid dsdy hn, EQy is`KI du`K, Bu`K, sog, AOkVW, Awid Jl`x dI sihnSIlqw dI jugqI dw pRXog dRiV krwauNdI hY[ Aqy du`K, su`K, hrK, sog, prmwqmw dIAW dwqW nUM iek smwn mMnx dw aupdyS krdI hY[ kyiqAw dUK BUK sd mwrÒ eyih iB dwiq qyrI dwqwrÒ25Ò jp jI jy suKu dyih q quJih ArwDI duiK BI quJY iDAweIÒ2Ò jy BuK dyih q ieq hI rwjw duK ivic sUK mnweIÒ3Ò rwgu sUhI, mhlw 4, pMnw 757 jO rwju dyih q kvn bfweIÒ jO BIK mMgwvih q ikAw Git jweI Ò1Ò rwgu gUjrI, nwm dyv jI, p: 525 myry rwm rwie ijau rwKih iqau rhIAYÒ quDu BwvY qw nwmu jpwvih suKu qyrw idqw lhIAYÒ1Ò rwgu sUhI, mhlw 5, pMnw 749 is`Î sMklp is`Î ivcwrDwrw Anuswr AivnwSI Awqmw Aqy prmwqmw dy sdIvI sumyl leI <> ivc pUrn ivSvws, AiDAwqmk igAwn Aqy gur-Sbd (gurU dI isìÂw) Aìq loVINdy hn[ prmwqmw ivc pUrn ivSvws Aqy aus dI isPq swlwh krn ivc gur-Sbd shwiek hY[ gurbwxI prmwqmw dI isPq swlwh Akl Aqy AKr (gur-Sbd) duAwrw krn dw aupdyS krdI hY Aqy mnu`K nUM dMBI Dwrimk T`gW dy pwey AMiDivSvwsI jMqR, mMqR, qMqR, BrmW, BulyiKAW, Pokt krmkWfW, ivAkqI/mUrqI pUjw Awid qoN vrjdI hY[ dsm duAwrw, Agm Apwrw, prm purK kI GwtI Ò aupir hwtu, hwt pir Awlw, Awly BIqr DwqI Ò rwmklI, byxI jI, pMnw 974 ArQ:- (mnuK dw idmwg rUpI) dsvW duAwrw ApuhMc, byAMq prm purK dy pRgt hox dI QW hY, (srIr dy) aupr (isr) h`t hY, (aus) h`t ivc (idmwg) AwLw hY (ies) AwLy ivc pRBU dw pRkwS huMdw hY[ AKrI nwmu, AKrI swlwhÒ AKrI igAwnu gIq guxu gwhÒ jpjI, pauVI 19, pMnw 4 ArQ:- prmwqmw dw nwm AKrIN (gur SbdIN) ilAw jw skdw hyY, aus dI isPiq swlwh AKrIN ho skdI hY[ Akwl purK dw igAwn BI AKrIN ho skdw hY, Aqy AKrIN aus dy gux jwxy Aqy gwey jw skdy hn[ iDRg iqnHw kw jIivAw, ij iliK iliK vycih nwayuÒ KyqI ijn kI aujVY KlvwVy ikAw QwauÒ scY srmY bwhry AgY lhih n dwidÒ Akil eyh nw AwKIAY Akil gvweIAY bwidÒ AklI swihbu syvIAY, AklI pweIAY mwnuÒ AklI piVH kY

buJIAY, AklI kIcY dwnuÒ nwnk AwKY rwhu eyh, hoir glW sYqwnuÒ rwgu swrMg kI vwr, mhlw 4, pMnw 1245 ArQ:- jo mnu`K (prmwqmw dw) nwm (jMqR mMqR dy rUp ivc) vycdy hn auhnW dy jIaux nUM lwnHq hY[ ijnHW dI KyqI (Pokt Dwrimk sMskwrW dI kmweI) ivArQ jWdI hY auhnW dy KlvwVy (PL) nUM ik`QY QW hY[ (gur-Sbd duAwrw prmwqmw dy) isPq swlwh qoN ibnw auhnW dI A`gy kdr nhIN pYNdI[ (AMiDivSvwsI krmW, jMqRW, mMqRW, ivc pYxW) Akl nhIN AKvWdI, sgoN Akl gvwaux smwn hY[ (Akl ieh hY ik) prmwqmw dw ismrn krIey Aqy mwn pRwpq krIey, (prmwqmw dI isPiq swlwh vwlI bwxI) pVH ky AiDAwqmk igAwn pRwpq krIey Aqy hornW nUM ies igAwn dw dwn vMfIey[ nwnk AwKdw hY, iehI shI jIvn jwc hY, hor g`lW (AMiDivSvwsI krmkWf, jMqR, mMqR) Syqwn dI isiKAw hY[ kbIrw jhw igAwnu qh Drmu hY, jhw JUTu qh pwpuÒ jhw loBu qh kwlu hY, jhw iKmw qh AwipÒ155Ò kbIr jI, pMnw 1372 sumyl dI ivDI, sihj kyvl bwxI dw pwT pVHn jW suxn nwl mnu`K dI Awqmw dw prmwqmw nwl sumyl nhIN ho jWdw[ ies sumyl leI sihj AvsQw DwrnI zrUrI hY[ Aqy sihj AvsQw dI prwpqI leI mnu`K nUM AOguxw, Bwv kwm, kRoD, loB, moh, AhMkwr, Awid dw iqAwg krnw Aqy dYvI guxw, Bwv iKmw, dXw, dwn, im`Tq, inmrqw, sMqoK, Awid nUM Apxwauxw Aìq loVINdw hY[ piV piV gfI ldIAih piV piV BrIAih swQÒ piV piV byVI pweIAY piV piV gfIAih KwqÒ pVIAih jyqy brs brs pVIAih jyqy mwsÒ pVIAY jyqI Awrjw pVIAih jyqy swsÒ nwnk lyKY iek gl horu haumY JKxw JwK Ò1Ò rwgu Awsw, mhlw 1, pMnw 467 ikAw pVIAY ikAw gunIAYÒ ikAw byd purwnW sunIAYÒ pVy suny ikAw hoeI Ò jau shj n imilE soeI Ò1Ò rwgu sorT, kbIr jI, pMnw 655 kbIr roVw hoie rhu bwt kw qij mn kw AiBmwnuÒ AYsw koeI dwsu hoie qwih imlY Bgvwnu Ò146Ò kbIr roVw hUAw q ikAw BieAw pMQI (rwhI) kau duKu dyieÒ AYsw qyrw dwsu hY ijau DrnI (DrqI) mih Kyh Ò147Ò kbIr Kyh hUeI qau ikAw BieAw jau auif lwgY AMgÒ hir jnu AYsw cwhIAY ijau pwnI srbMg (kMvl) Ò148Ò kbIr pwnI hUAw q ikAw BieAw sIrw (TMfw) qwqw (q`qw) hoieÒ hir jnu AYsw cwhIAY jYsw hir hI hoieÒ149Ò slok kbIr jI, pMnw 1372 qY nr ikAw purwnu suin kInwÒ AnpwvnI Bgiq nhI aupjI BUKY dwnu n dInwÒ1Ò rhwauÒ kwmu n ibsirE k®oDu n ibsirE loBu n CUitE dyvwÒ pr inMdw muK qy nhI CUtI inPl BeI sB syvwÒ1Ò bwt pwir Gru mUis ibrwno pytu BrY ApRwDIÒ ijih prlok jwie ApkIriq soeI AibidAw swDIÒ2Ò ihMsw qau mn qy nhI CUtI jIA dieAw nhI pwlI Ò prmwnµd swDsMgiq imil kQw punIq n cwlIÒ prmwnMd jI, pMnw 1253 pd ArQ:- AnpwvnI, At`l[ bwt pwir Gru mUis ibrwno, prwey Gr lu`tky[ ApkIriq, Apmwn[ AibidAw, AisìKAw, mwVI isÌÂw[ ArQ:- hy nr qUM purwn (Dwrmk gRMQ) pVH ky kI KìtAw, Akwl XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

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purK dI BgqI qyry AMdr pYdw nhIN hoeI qy nw hI loVvMdy nUM dwn id`qw[ nw kwm, kroD ivisrAw, nw loB Cu`itAw, nw mu`KoN prweI inMdw Cu`tI, swrI imhnq AYvyN hI geI[ AprwDI mnu`K prwey Gr fwky mwr ky Aqy lokW nUM T`g ky Awpxw pyt Brdw irhw, ijs nwl prlok ivc Apmwn imly auhI mUrKqw krdw irhw[ hy pRmwnMd! qyry mn ivcoN ihMsw nhIN Cu`tI, jIvW au`qy dieAw nhIN kIqI, siqsMg ivc bYT ky gurU dy piv`qR Sbd duArw (pRBU dI isPq swlwh) nhIN kIqI[ sRI gurU gRMQ drpn, sYNcI 9, pMnw 126-127 AiDAwqmk igAwn dIAW AvsQwvW siqgurU nwnk swihb jp dIAW cwr pauVIAW, 34. 35. 36 Aqy 37 ivc AiDAwqmk igAwn dy pMD dIAW pMj AvsQwvW dw vrnn krdy hn[ Bwv, Awqmw Aqy prmwqmw dy sdIvI sumyl dy pMj KMf hn, Drm KMf, igAwn KMf, srm KMf, krm KMf Aqy s`c KMf[ Drm KMf Drm dy mwrg dI pihlI AvsQw Drm KMf hY ijs ivc AwdmIN nUM mnu`KI jIvn dy mUl mnorQ dI soJI pYNdI hY[ gurU dy d`sy mwrg au`qy cldw hoieAw auh cMgy mMdy krmW Aqy auhnW dy pRiqkrmW qoN jwxU huMdw hY, dunIAW dy ivSy, ivkwr, hoCw suBw, qMg dRiStIkon, Awid iqAwgdw hY, Aqy aus nUM prmwqmw dI ivSwl rcnw dw AnuBv huMdw hY[ rwqI ruqI iQqI vwrÒ pvx pwxI AgnI pwqwlÒ iqs ivic DrqI Qwip rKI DrmswlÒ iqs ivic jIAw jugq ky rMgÒ iqn ky nwm Anyk AnMqÒ krmI krmI hoey vIcwruÒ scw Awip scw drbwruÒ iqQY sohin pMc prvwxuÒ ndrI krim pvY nIswxuÒ kc pkweI EQY pweI Ò nwnk gieAw jwpY jweI Ò34Ò jp ArQ:- rwqW, ru`qW, iQ`qW, vwr, hvw, pwxI A`g Aqy pwqwl Awid dy iek`T ivc (prmwqmw) ny DrqI nUM Drm kmwx dw AsQwn Qwp id`qw hY[ ies DrqI au`qy keI jugqIAW Aqy rMgW dy jIv hn, ijnHW dy AnykW nwm hn[ Awp s`cy dw drbwr vI s`cw hY ij`Qy kIqy krmW dI ivcwr huMdI hY[ EQy prvwn hoey sMq prq`K soBdy hn Aqy auhnW dy (m`Qy) au`qy (pRBU dI) myhr dI ingwh dy inSwn pey cmkdy hn[ mnu`K dI k`c pkweI (cMgy mMdy krmW) dI prK EQy huMdI hY[

igAwn KMf kyqy pvx pwxI vYsMqr, kyqy kwn mhysÒ kyqy brmy GwVq GVIAih, rUp rMg ky vysÒ kyqIAw krm BUmI, myr kyqy, kyqy DRU (DrU) aupdysÒ kyqy ieMd cMd, sUr kyqy, kyqy mMfl dysÒ kyqy isD buD nwQ kyqy, kyqy dyvI vysÒ kyqy dyv dwnv, muin kyqy, kyqy rqn smuMdÒ kyqIAw KwxI, kyqIAw bwxI, kyqy pwq nirMdÒ kyqIAw surqI, syvk kyqy, nwnk AMqu n AMquÒ35Ò ArQ:- igAwn AvsQw ivc mn`K nUM soJI prwpq huMdI hY ik pRBU dIAW rcIAW hoeIAW byAMq DrqIAW, myr (prbq), DrU Bgq, Aqy auhnW dy aupdyS, ieMdR, dyvqy, cMdrmW, sUrj, dys mMfl, isD, buD Avqwr, nwQ Aqy dyvIAW dy vys hn[ byAMq dyvqy, dYNq, munI, rqnW dy smuMdr, (jIv rcnw dIAW) KwxIAW, bolIAW, pwqSwh rwjy, surq (dIAW ivDIAW) Aqy syvk hn[

iqQY GVIAY suriq miq min buiDÒ iqQY GVIAY srw isDw kI suiDÒ36Ò ArQ:- igAwn KMf (AvsQw) ivc igAwn prbl huMdw hY[ Aqy sB (ArSI) rwgW, qmwiSAW Aqy kOqkW dw AwnMd prwpq huMdw hY[ srm (Drm kmwaux dI) AvsQw dI bxqr suMdr hY Aqy (mn) dI GwVq AnUp GVI jWdI hY[ aus AvsQw dIAW g`lW d`sIAW nhIN jw skdIAW[ jy koeI d`sdw hY qW auh ipCoN pCqwauNdw hY[ aus AvsQw ivc mnu`K dI suriq Aqy miq GVI jWdI hY Aqy dyviqAW qy is`DW vrgI (auqm) bx jWdI hY[ mn ivc jwgRqI Aw jWdI hY[ krm KMf krm KMf kI bwxI joruÒ iqQY horu n koeI horuÒ iqQY joD mhwbl sUrÒ iqn mih rwm rihAw BrpUrÒ iqQY sIqo sIqw mihmw mwihÒ qw ky rUp n kQny jwihÒ n Eh mrih n Twgy jwihÒ ijn ky rwmu vsY mn mwihÒ iqQY Bgq vsih, ky loAÒ krih AnMdu, scw min soieÒ ArQ:- prmwqmw dy krm dI AvsQw dI bxqr prbl hY (Bwv mnu`K dy mn au`qy ivSy ivkwr prBwv nhIN pw skdy), aus dy ihrdy ivc prmwqmw qoN ibnw hor koeI nhIN v`sdw[ ies AvsQw vwLy mhwblI sUrmy hn Aqy auhnW dy rom rom ivc prmwqmw v`s irhw huMdw hY[ auhnW dw mn pRBU dI mihmw ivc pRoqw huMdw hY Aqy auhnW dy srUp vrnn nhIN kIqy jw skdy[ ijnHW dy mnW ivc rwm v`s irhw huMdw hY auh Awqmk mOq nhIN mrdy Aqy auhnW nUM mwieAw T`g nhIN skdI[ aus AvsQw ivc keI BvnW dy Bgq vsdy Aqy AwnMd mwxdy hn (ikauNik) s`cw (pRBU) auhnW dy mn ivc v`s irhw huMdw hY[ s`c KMf sic KMf vsY inrMkwruÒ kir kir vyKy ndir inhwlÒ iqQY KMf mMfl vrBMfÒ jy ko kQY q AMq n AMqÒ iqQY loA loA AwkwrÒ ijv, ijv hukmu iqvY iqv kwrÒ vyKY ivgsY kir vIcwrÒ nwnk kQnw krVw swrÒ37Ò ArQ:- s`c KMf AvsQw ivc ApiVAw mnu`K prmwqmw nwl ie`k im`k ho jWdw hY[ aus nUM hr QW inrMkwr hI idsdw hY, jo myhr dI nzr duAwrw AwpxI kIqI isrjnW dI sMBwl kr irhw hY[ mnu`K nUM byAMq KMfW mMflW Aqy bRihmMfW dw boD huMdw hY, ijnHW dI igxqI dw AMq vrnn nhIN kIqw jw skdw[ byAMq hI Bvn Aqy Awkwr hn Aqy hr QW ausy qrHW kwr c`l rhI hY ij`dW prmwqmw dw hukm hY[ pRBU dYvI ivcwr duArw vyKdw hY Aqy KuS huMdw hY[ hy nwnk! ies AvsQw dw vrnn krnw AOKw hY[

srm KMf igAwn KMf mih igAwnu prcMfÒ iqQY nwd ibnod kof AnMdÒ srm KMf kI bwxI rUpÒ iqQY GwViq GVIeY bhuq AnUpÒ qw kIAw glw kQIAw n jwihÒ jy ko khY ipCY pCuqwieÒ XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

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Equality of Women in Sikh Ideology and Practice - Valerie Kaur

drastic distinction between the roles of the male and female exists in all of history's modern human societies. Women have grown to accept, not without resentment though, the male-dominated atmosphere of the world. Because people use religious doctrine to define their life styles, religious scriptures in both the East and the West seem to condone, even encourage, the unequal treatment of women. In the 15th century, Guru Nanak established Sikhism, the first religion to advocate emphatically the equality of all people, especially women. In a continent characterised by severe degradation of women, this bold declaration, along with others, determined to erase the impurities of the Indian society. However, prejudices and injustices based on gender linger even today.

In the dominant Western religion of Christianity, God created man, and then woman out of man's rib. Eve, the first woman persuades Adam to eat the forbidden apple, thus committing the world's first sin, a landmark recognized as the fall of mankind. The implied inferiority and corrupting influence of women in the Bible appear to justify their second rate treatment in Western society.

were severely degraded and oppressed by their society. Given no education or freedom to make decisions, their presence in religious, political, social, cultural, and economic affairs was virtually non-existent.3 Woman was referred to as "man's shoe, the root of all evil, a snare, a temptress."4 Her function was only to perpetuate the race, do household work, and serve the male members of society. Female infanticide was common, and the practice of sati, the immolation of the wife on her husband's funeral pyre, was encouraged, sometimes even forced. Guru Nanak condemned this man-made notion of the inferiority of women, and protested against their long subjugation. The Ultimate Truth was revealed to Guru Nanak through a mystic experience, in direct communion with God. Guru Nanak conveys this Truth through the bani, Sikh Scripture. It first argues against the sexist sentiments of the pompous man about the necessity of women :

In Eastern Society, the Muslim religion also demeans women. The Koran contains explicit details concerning the inferior treatment of women. This includes the right of a man to divorce his wife, never vice versa, and the wearing of a veil to cover a woman's face, called burkah, in public. The Koran reminds men, "Your women are a tilth for you (to cultivate) . And they (women) have rights similar to those (of men) over them in kindness, and men are a degree above them."2 At the time of Guru Nanak, Indian women XUbw istI ngr kIrqn 2017

"In a woman man is conceived, From a woman he is born, With a woman he is betrothed and married, With a woman he contracts friendship. Why denounce her, the one from whom even kings are born ? From a woman a woman is born, None may exist without a woman."5 The fundamental analogy used in the bani depicts the relationship between God and man, and proves that the physical body does not matter. The bani parallels all human beings (men and women) to the woman/wife, and God to the man/husband. 6 This means that every person is a sohagan â&#x20AC;&#x201D; a woman who is the beloved of the Lord â&#x20AC;&#x201D; whether they have the body of a man or woman. Because the human body is transitory, the difference between man and woman is only transitory, and as such superficial. 7 Thus, according to Sikh ideology, all

men and women possess equal status. All human beings, regardless of gender, caste, race, or birth, are judged only by their deeds. With this assertion, the Sikh Gurus invited women to join the sangat (congregation), work with men in the langar (common kitchen), and participate in all other

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religious, social, and cultural activities of the gurdwaras (Sikh places of worship). The Gurus redefined celibacy as marriage to one wife and taught that male and female alike need to practice conjugal fidelity. They advocated marriage of two equal partners. Guru Amar Das, the third guru, wrote :

"Only they are truly wedded who have one spirit in two bodies." 8 Guru Amar Das also condemned purdah, the wearing of the veil, and female infanticide. He spoke against the custom of sati, thus permitting the remarriage of

widows. 9 Out of 146 chosen, the Guru appointed 52 women missionaries to spread the message of Sikhism, and out of 22 Manjis established by the Guru for the preaching of Sikhism, four were women.10 The steps the Gurus took to advocate the equality of women, revolutionized the tradition of Indian society. As they began to partake in social, religious, and political affairs, their contribution and worth as equal partners of men became more obvious. However, the Guru's teachings of equality have never been fully realized, which is clearly evident in the treatment of women even in the Sikh society today. Either because of the influence of the majority community on the Sikh minority or the Sikh male's unwillingness to give up his dominant role, women continue to suffer prejudices. A woman has never been elected as the president of Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (the Central Management Committee to manage the affairs of the Gurdwaras in the Punjab), or as the head of any of the five Takhts (the thrones of authority).11 Indian society discriminates against women in workplaces, and denies

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them the right to fight on the battlefield. People measure a woman's value as a bride by the size of her dowry, not necessarily by her character and integrity. Alice Basarke, a free-lance writer, sadly realizes, "After 500 years head start, Sikh women are no better off than their counterparts in any other religion or nation."12 As a Sikh girl, born and raised in the United States, I have felt confusion and frustration upon recognizing the hypocrisy in the Sikh community in the subjugation of their women. America, origin of Elizabeth Cady Stanton's 1848 Women's Liberation Movement, crawls ahead of other nations in the race to achieve practised equality for all. Because of its diverse and opportune atmosphere, I have experienced little discrimination based on my gender. I must struggle to empathize with the feelings of women in India whose tragic experiences I have not actively shared.

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Indeed, how can women realize equality when the root of the problem lies much deeper than marches of

Yet, I am told, that upon my birth, distant relatives sent my parents blessings that sounded more like condolences than congratulations. Apparently, they pitied the supposed dowry my family would have to prepare, the inheritance I could never receive, and the family name that could never survive by me. One can imagine their joy and relief upon my brother's birth two years later. Such hypocritical actions bewilder me. Why didn't Sikh women rise up long ago in protest against such treatment, reciting the words of the Gurus ? Why did we not endeavour long ago to realize fully the freedom and equality the Gurus advocated

for all human beings, regardless of gender ? Is the equality the Gurus preached even understood by Sikhs ? At one time, Sikhs risked their very lives to fight for equality by opposing the caste system. Yet, today, many Sikhs judge each other by the caste they are from and the amount of income they earn. As Ms Basarke poignantly puts it, "How can women expect equality, when the Sikh community seems unable to distinguish between religious tenets and the culture imposed by the majority community which engulfs them ?"13

protests or laws can reach ? The Sikh community needs to look beyond the ingrained customs, social taboos and know the true salubrious nature of justice and equality; the Sikh community needs to realise its tragic entanglement in a system that embraces practices antithetical to the very basis of the Sikh faith, against the very word of God; the Sikh community needs to shake itself vigorously to awaken and rise into a truly strong and potent religious people, living the way God desires us to live : by freedom,

justice, love, and equalityâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; for all. Many Sikhs will acknowledge this truth, but instead of finding the enthusiasm and hope to shape the future, they will sadly shake their heads. After all, can we possibly unravel thousands of years of deep-seated Indian mentality ? Do the powers of revolution truly lie within our grasps ? We need only to remember the words of Guru Gobind Singh for an answer : "With your own hands carve out your destiny."14

REFERENCES Robert O. Ballou : The Portable World Bible, Penguin Books, 1976, p. 237-241. Mohammed Marmaduke Pickthall, translator : The Meaning of Glorious Koran, Mentor Book, New American Library, New York and Scarborough, Ontario, 1924, p. 53, Surah II, 223-228. Kanwaljit Kaur : Sikh Women, Fundamental Issues in Sikh Studies, Institute of Sikh Studies, Chandigarh, 1992, p. 96. Ibid. Guru Granth Sahib : p 73. Ibid. : p. 1268. Prof. Prabhjot Kaur : Women's Liberation Movement and Gurmat, Abstracts of Sikh Studies, April-June 1997, Institute of Sikh Studies, Chandigarh, p.76. Guru Granth Sahib, p.788. Ibid., p. 787. Kanwaljit Kaur : op. cit., p. 99. Alice Basarke : Where Are the Women ?, Current Thoughts on Sikhism, Institute of Sikh Studies, Chandigarh, 1996, p, 265.

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