2011 Almanac
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Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Table of Contents
Introduction & Highlights....................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Producers Producers: Total Number of Fair Trade Certified Producer Organizations by Product, 2011................................................................. 8 Producers: Total Number of Fair Trade Certified Producer Organizations by Country, 2011................................................................. 9 Producers: Co-op Link Highlight, 2011................................................................................................................................................. 10 ALL PRODUCTS All Products: Premium Payments to Producer Organizations by Product, 1998–2011......................................................................... 14 All Products: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Products into the United States, 1998–2011..................................................................... 15 COFFEE Coffee: Fair Trade Certified Producers that Export Green Coffee into the United States and World Market, 2011............................... 18 Coffee: Premium Payments Generated by Fair Trade Certified Coffee Imports, 1998–2011................................................................ 19 Coffee: Fair Trade Premium Payments to Producer Organizations, 1998–2011................................................................................... 20 Coffee: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Coffee into the United States, 1998–2011................................................................................. 21
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Coffee: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Coffee into the United States, Organic versus Conventional, 1998–2011................................ 22 Coffee: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Coffee into the United States by Country of Origin, 2007–2011............................................... 23 Coffee: Percent of Fair Trade Certified Coffee Imported into the United States by Country of Origin, 2011........................................ 24 Coffee: Top Five Origins of Fair Trade Certified Coffee in the United States, 2011............................................................................... 25 TEA Tea: Premium Payments to Fair Trade Certified Tea Producer Organizations, 2001–2011.................................................................. 28 Tea: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Tea into the United States, 2001–2011.......................................................................................... 29 Tea: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Tea into the United States by Country of Origin, 2007–2011....................................................... 30 Tea: Percent of Fair Trade Certified Tea Imported into the United States by Country of Origin, 2011................................................. 31 COCOA Cocoa: Premium Payments Generated by Fair Trade Certified Cocoa in the United States, 2002–2011........................................... 34 Cocoa: Percent of Premium Payments to Fair Trade Certified Cocoa Producer Organizations by Country of Origin, 2011............... 35 Cocoa: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Cocoa into the United States, 2002–2011............................................................................... 36 PRODUCE Produce: Origins and Producer Organizations by Produce Type, 2011............................................................................................... 40 Produce: Premium Payments to Fair Trade Certified Produce Producer Organizations by Country of Origin, 2011........................... 41 Produce: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Produce into the United States by Produce Type, 2004–2011.............................................. 42 Produce: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Produce into the United States by Produce Type, 2011........................................................ 43 sugar Sugar: Volumes and Premium Payments for Fair Trade Certified Sugar by Origin, 2005–2011.......................................................... 46 Sugar: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Sugar into the United States by Country of Origin, 2007–2011................................................ 47 Sugar: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Sugar into the United States, 2005–2011.................................................................................. 48 OTHER products Grains: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Grains into the United States, 2005–2011................................................................................ 52 Grains: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Rice and Quinoa into the United States, 2005–2011............................................................... 53 Vanilla, Herbs & Spices: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Vanilla, Herbs and Spices into the United States, 2006–2011....................... 54 Vanilla, Herbs & Spices: Percent of Fair Trade Certified Herbs and Spices Imported into the United States, 2011............................... 55 Flowers: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Flowers into the United States, 2007–2011............................................................................. 56 Flowers: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Flowers into the United States by Country of Origin, 2007–2011........................................... 57 Wine: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Wine into the United States, 2008–2011.................................................................................... 58 Honey: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Honey into the United States, 2008–2011................................................................................ 58 Nuts & Oilseeds: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Nuts and Oilseeds into the United States, 2009–2011............................................... 59 Sports Balls: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Sports Balls into the United States, 2009–2011................................................................. 60 Apparel & Linens: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Garments into the United States, 2010–2011.......................................................... 61
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Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Introduction & Highlights Every Purchase Matters Fair Trade certification helps industry partners and consumers make every purchase matter, contributing to the long-term sustainability of farming communities around the world. In just 13 years, Fair Trade USA has established the Fair Trade Certified™ label as the leading mark of sustainability. Today, it assures consumers that the quality products they buy are improving lives and protecting the environment. To further that trust and provide greater transparency, Fair Trade USA’s Certification department annually compiles and audits figures reported by its industry partners. As the leading third-party certifier of Fair Trade products, this report serves as a key indicator for the health and growth of Fair Trade in the United States. At the same time, we celebrate the many approaches within the Fair Trade movement and recognize other organizations who are participating in Fair Trade even though we cannot measure nor report their results.
Quality Products In 2011, Fair Trade USA and its industry partners once again drove record imports to satisfy the continued growth in consumer demand for the more than 11,000 Fair Trade Certified products now available in virtually every major supermarket in America as well as thousands of restaurants, cafeterias and cafés. Fair Trade USA certified a record 138 million pounds of Fair Trade Coffee, 52 percent of which was also certified organic. In total, coffee imports were up over 30% versus 2010. Additionally, the majority of food categories showed impressive growth in 2011, including: Cocoa (156%), Tea (21%), and Sugar (31%). After a steady 2% growth in 2010 over 2009, imports of Fair Trade Certified produce grew 40% in 2011.
Improving Lives Fair Trade USA is proud to announce that this growth in volume led to record community development premiums earned by farmers. For the first time ever, annual community development premiums topped the $20 million mark; at $22 million they were up over 50% versus 2010. Since 1998, Fair Trade USA and its partners have enabled Fair Trade farmers to earn more than $77 million in community development premiums, which have been used for community-elected development projects, covering areas like education, healthcare, environment, business management, quality improvement and productivity.
In addition to what farmers earned in both sales and community-development premiums, since 2006 Fair Trade USA and its partners have invested over $7.4 million in programs to strengthen small-scale farming communities in projects spanning sugar, cocoa, produce, tea and coffee. Building on this deep history of development work, in 2011 Fair Trade USA took a new approach, called Co-op Link. Fair Trade USA surveyed farmers to better understand their most pressing needs, and in 2011 alone, raised $2 million for producer programs, and then worked with NGO’s and local service providers to execute these programs. In addition, we helped facilitate $3 million in affordable trade finance loans to cooperatives.
Protecting the Environment Protecting the environment is good for both people and the planet. Therefore, strict environmental criteria are core to Fair Trade’s standards, including the elimination of harmful agro-chemicals and genetically-modified organisms, plus the development of environmental assessment plans to protect fragile ecosystems. In addition, although organic certification is not required by Fair Trade, over half of all Fair Trade Certified imports are also certified organic.
Fair Trade Can and Must do More While the 2011 results are inspiring, the reality is that Fair Trade represents only a fraction of the products available to U.S. consumers. We are proud of what we have accomplished – farmers, responsible companies, NGOs and conscious consumers – all working together. Yet the need is much greater. According to the World Bank, more than 2 billion people live on less than two dollars a day. Today’s Fair Trade model reaches only a small percentage of them. Fair Trade can and must do more. As always, Fair Trade USA thanks you for your support.
The Mission of Fair Trade USA Fair Trade USA enables sustainable development and community empowerment by cultivating a more equitable global trade model that benefits farmers, workers, consumers, industry and the earth. This mission is achieved by certifying and promoting Fair Trade products. To learn more, visit www. FairTradeUSA.org.
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Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
PRODUCERS 8 Total Number of Fair Trade Certified Producer Organizations by Product, 2011 9 Total Number of Fair Trade Certified Producer Organizations by Country, 2011 10 Co-op Link Highlight
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Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Producers: Total Number of Fair Trade Certified Producer Organizations by Product There are 365 producer organizations that grow and sell Fair Trade Certified coffee globally, representing the largest product category with nearly one-third of all Fair Trade organizations. Produce (or Fresh Fruits and Vegetables products, including Bananas), Cocoa and Tea organizations follow suit with 192, 96 and 89 producer organizations, respectively.
Total Number of Fair Trade Certified Producer Organizations by Product, 2011 400
Latin America Asia
350
Afria
300
250
200
150
100
50
0 Coffee
Produce
Cocoa
Tea
Nuts & Oilseeds
Dried Fruit & Fruit Juices
Sugar
Vanilla, Herbs & Spices
Flowers & Plants
Producers that produce more than one product are included in each product category. Source: Fair Trade USA and FLO-CERT
Wine
Cotton
Honey
Beans & Grains
Sportsballs
Gold
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Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Producers: Total Number of Fair Trade Certified Producer Organizations by Country As 2011 closed, there were 1,030 Fair Trade producer organizations around the globe, growing, processing and selling Fair Trade Certified™ products. 54 percent of all certified producers are located in Latin America. The four countries with the greatest number of producer organizations are: Peru, Colombia, India and Kenya – all countries with producer organizations growing and supplying a diverse range of products. This table also includes farms and factories certified against the Fair Trade USA Pilot Apparel & Linens Standard and Farm Workers Standard.
Total Number of Fair Trade Certified Producer Organizations by Country, 2011 Producer Organizations Argentina Belize Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Guatemala Guyana Haiti Honduras Mexico Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Uruguay
Latin America Subtotal
19 2 30 44 20 80 15 27 31 27 5 21 8 9 24 50 32 3 11 96 1 1 1
557
Benin Burkina Faso Cameroon Comores Cote d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Egypt Ethiopia Ghana Kenya Liberia Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Rwanda Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Sierra Leone South Africa Swaziland Tanzania, United Republic of Togo Tunisia Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe Africa Subtotal
4 15 4 2 32 1 7 6 25 64 1 9 8 7 32 3 2 8 1 9 1 35 1 19 1 5 12 2 4 320
China Fiji India Indonesia Kyrgyzstan Lao People's Democratic Republic Lebanon Pakistan Palestine Papua New Guinea Philippines Sri Lanka Thailand Uzbekistan Vietnam
Asia Subtotal Total
Source: Fair Trade USA and FLO-Cert
8 1 69 12 1 1 1 6 17 5 2 16 8 1 5
153 1,030
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Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Producers: Co-op Link Highlight Fair Trade USA seeks to alleviate poverty in farming communities in ways that are economically, socially and environmentally sustainable. We achieve this by empowering farmers and workers around the world with the business training and capital investment necessary to grow high-quality products that can compete in global markets.
Maximizing Impact Fair Trade USA seeks to alleviate poverty in farming communities in ways that are economically, socially and environmentally sustainable. We achieve this by empowering farmers and workers around the world with the business training and capital investment necessary to grow high-quality products that can compete in global markets Community development plays a critical role in Fair Trade USA’s efforts to maximize the benefits of Fair Trade for producers, helping to build sustainable futures for farming communities around the world. Since 2006, Fair Trade USA has directly invested over $7.4 million, along with millions of dollars in additional funds from industry partners, individuals and NGOs into product quality, market access, business capacity, and biodiversity initiatives in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Building on the success of these programs and from feedback from partners and producers, Fair Trade USA is evolving its approach to development by creating innovative new partnerships with global financial institutions, industry partners, NGOs, leading social entrepreneurs and in-country service providers. This reinvigorated effort is called ‘Co-op Link’ to recognize the unique role Fair Trade USA can play in linking organizations from all areas of the supply chain to maximize impact for producers and strengthen farming communities. Co-op Link focuses on:
•
Increasing market opportunity
•
Improving access to capital
•
Expanded range of training
•
Quality & productivity improvement initiatives
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Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Through Co-op Link, Fair Trade USA is already working with producers and global banking organizations to increase the amount of working capital available to cooperatives, having raised $5 million in 2011 alone. Highlights from Fair Trade USA’s current Co-op Link project portfolio:
PROJECT
PRODUCT
REGION
PARTNER/FUNDER
$$$
OVERVIEW
Mexico Coffee and Honey Livelihoods Project
Honey, Coffee Chiapas, Mexico
W. K. Kellogg Foundation/ $357,000 Progreso
Promotes economic security and sustainable livelihoods for coffee farmers and beekeepers from the Highlands of Chiapas through Fair Trade certification, quality improvement, capacity building, market access, and access to capital.
Sustainable Sourcing Partnership Project
Coffee
Brazil
Fair Trade USA, USAID, Green Mountain Coffee
$400,000
Farmer members of 19 Fair Trade Certified producer organizations receive in-depth training on best practices for sustainable coffee production, Brazilian environmental law and Fair Trade criteria. Support for implementaiton of organizational environmental plans and market linkage to increase highervalue sales to new sustainability and quality-oriented customers.
Gayo Fair Trade Coffee Success Initiative
Coffee
Indonesia
Rabobank Foundation/ Progreso
$250,000
Eight Fair Trade Certified cooperatives participating in an intensive capacity building program focusing on financial management, increasing access to capital, quality and business acumen workshops with US business partners.
Price Risk Management Coffee Workshops
Colombia, World Bank/ Avina Guatemala, Mexico, Foundation/Twin and Brazil, Peru , EAFCA CLAC
$100,000
Over 250 producer organizations receive training to manage risks, such as devaluation of currencies, minimizing exposure, managing differentials, and understanding macro and micro economic concepts that drive prices and costs.
Haiti Farmer Market Infrastructure Program
Mangoes
Central and North Haiti
Ansara Family Fund/ Perforce Foundation/ Mouvman Moun Mango and Perrry Exports
$75,000
Fair Trade Certified mango cooperatives and farmer members receiving core trainings to comply with Fair Trade standards and access value added markets with a main component focusing on building relationships with retail chains.
Intercambio Peru
Coffee
Peru
Green Mountain Coffee Roasters, Sustainable Harvest
$25,000
Innovative workshop with 150 attendees to build durable relationships, provide trainings, sign contracts, and engage all supply chain stakeholders.
Vendor Financial Management Program
Coffee
Kenya
Grassroots Business Fund/ $40,000 Fair Trade Organization of Kenya
Provided critical financial management training to Fair Trade Certified cooperatives in preparation for loans to update processing facilities with ecologically friendly equipment.
Global Coffee Quality Research Initiative
Coffee
Asia, Africa, Latin America
GCQRI/ Fair Trade USA and Pending 27 other partners
GCQRI will carry out short, medium and long-term projects relating to quality and productivity in the face of climate change in small coffee farming communities around the world.
Loan Origination
Coffee
Indonesia, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, Mexico
Root Capital, responsAbil- Loan ity, Rabobank Foundation, AmountsMicrovest, Islamic Trade Confidential Finance Corporation Inter-American Development Bank - Opportunities for the Majority, Fair Trade USA
Connects financers and social lenders to producer groups seeking short-term post-harvest export capital and long-term investment capital for infrastructure improvements, such as coffee replanting, etc.
Fair Trade Organic Tea Project
Tea
Indonesia
PT. SHGW Bio Tea Indonesia/ SHGW Foundation (SHGW -Stichting Het Groene Woud)
$180,000
250 households of tea farmers in the Kota and Solok Districts in Western Sumatra receive technical assistance related to Fair Trade and organic certifications, support in developing direct market linkage and strengthening supply chains through production.
Café FemeninoRwanda
Coffee
Rwanda
OPTCO/Café Femenino
N/A
Supports Hinga Kawa women’s association to become the first ever women’s only coffee to be sold under the Café Femenino banner in the US.
Fair Trade Conventional Sugar Sugar Recruitment and Certification Project
Mexico
Viva Trust
$25,000
Supports small farmers to build a strong organization, pursue Fair Trade certification, and link them to market opportunities for conventional refined Fair Trade Certified sugar in the US market.
Strengthening Organic Sugar Cooperatives
Paraguay
Viva Trust
$25,000
Project to assist in improvements in organic production methods of small scale cane growers that are members of the cooperatives, to improve productivity and therefore farmer income, over time.
Sugar
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Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
All Products 14 Premium Payments to Producer Organizations by Product, 1998–2011 15 Imports of Fair Trade Certified Products into the United States, 1998–2011
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Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
All Products: Premium Payments to Producer Organizations by Product The Fair Trade standards require that cooperative members or workers collectively decide how to invest premium money earned. In 2011, Fair Trade USA’s business partners enabled producer organizations to invest close to $22 million in community development projects. Communities are able to improve their lives through projects in areas such as education (building of schools, access to scholarships), healthcare (building clinics, providing access to medical exams), and clean drinking water. Communities also use these funds on projects which strengthen the environment, improve the quality of their products, and let them invest back in their businesses. Coffee accounted for close to $17 million in premiums in 2011, a $6.4 million growth compared to 2010. Cocoa also increased significantly in 2011, with premiums tripling from 2010 to over $1 million.
Premium Payments to Producer Organizations by Product, 1998–2011 Year
Coffee
1998
$3,803
Tea
Cocoa
Produce1
Sugar
Grains2
Vanilla, Herbs & Spices3
Flowers
Wine
Honey
Nuts & Apprarel & Oilseeds4 Linens5
Total
$3,803
1999
$102,612
$102,612
2000
$212,477
$212,477
2001
$333,465
$10,757
2002
$487,379
$30,415
$344,222 $518,750
$956
2003
$961,951
$43,792
$12,171
2004
$1,648,720
$62,346
$38,291
$312,156
$1,017,914 $2,061,513
2005
$2,229,266
$177,407
$130,233
$312,442
$8,383
$781
2006
$3,238,722
$244,800
$199,164
$171,956
$124,704
$5,851
$52,760
$2,858,513
2007
$4,941,530
$428,435
$132,748
$244,234
$289,683
$6,449
$39,998
$8,125
$4,037,956 $6,091,203
2008
$8,777,297
$473,954
$261,752
$637,610
$303,891
$5,085
$11,819
$302,835
$34,128
$18,125
2009
$10,837,304
$454,534
$178,871
$1,268,332
$392,763
$29,445
$40,941
$295,352
$202,789
$17,055
$16,961
2010
$10,525,148
$542,821
$298,875
$1,271,414
$640,041
$51,022
$126,750
$317,698
$68,586
$62,537
$10,616 $3,731
2011
$16,957,504
$657,944
$1,012,760
$1,786,353
$821,930
$37,805
$107,990
$391,147
$40,154
$30,264
Total
$61,257,177 $3,127,205 $2,265,822 $6,004,498 $2,581,396 $136,439 $380,258 $1,315,157 $345,657 $127,981
1
Premium payments for produce 2004-2005 represent the premiums paid on bananas only.
2
2005-2008 grains figures represent rice only. 2009-2011 figures include rice and quinoa.
3
2006-2008 vanilla/spices figures represent vanilla only. 2009-2011 figures include vanilla and other herbs & spices.
4
2009-2011 nuts & oilseeds figures include shea butter, brazil nuts, olive oil and olives.
5
Total premium payment for Apparel & Linens includes premiums paid to factories and cotton producers.
Source: Fair Trade USA
$10,826,497 $13,734,349 $13,919,239
$6,132 $11,586
$21,861,570
$33,709 $15,318
$77,590,617
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Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
All Products: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Products into the United States 2011 marks a period of significant growth for Fair Trade Certified products imported into the U.S. market. Eight of eleven product categories displayed growth, with six categories growing by over 20 percent. The standout categories were Coffee, Tea, Cocoa, Sugar, Produce, and Apparel & Linens. Herbs & Spices and Flowers demonstrated some growth as well. Coffee, Fair Trade’s flagship product, experienced a 32 percent increase of 33 million pounds imported, totaling 138 million pounds imported in 2011. Cocoa nearly tripled in 2011 to 11.2 million pounds imported compared to 2010.
Imports of Fair Trade Certified Products into the United States, 1998–2011 Year1
Coffee
Tea
Cocoa3
1998
76,059
1999
2,052,242
2000
4,249,534
2001
6,669,308
65,261
2002
9,747,571
86,706
14,050
Produce4
2003
19,239,017
95,669
178,888
2004
32,974,400
180,310
727,576
8,814,171
Sugar
Grains5
Vanilla, Herbs & Spices6
Flowers7
Wine8
Honey
2005
44,585,323
517,500
1,036,696
7,384,202
271,680
73,824
2006
64,774,431
629,985
1,814,391
6,176,907
3,581,563
390,848
197,145
2007
66,339,389
1,134,993
1,951,400
8,030,482
8,657,427
436,456
149,460
650,832
2008
87,772,966
1,372,261
3,847,759
25,492,767
8,696,172
317,652
44,165
9,835,028
257,959
266,385
20092
108,373,041
1,372,157
2,629,411
50,272,722
11,307,547
1,275,805
149,344
9,539,859
1,450,717
250,662
Apparel & Linens9
2010
105,251,476
1,720,794
4,392,674
51,055,320
18,146,124
1,437,005
293,739
10,489,991
530,446
919,130
14,961
2011
138,569,409
2,081,874
11,255,319
71,515,439
23,755,215
1,067,679
298,671
10,510,006
300,637
333,600
54,023
Total
690,674,166
9,257,510
27,848,165
228,742,010
74,415,728
4,999,268
1,132,524
41,025,716
2,539,759
1,769,778
68,984
32%
21%
156%
40%
31%
-26%
2%
0%
-43%
-64%
261%
Growth 2009-10 1
First year data for each product category may not be twelve months, depending on launch date. See product section for further details.
2
In 2009, Fair Trade USA began certifying sports balls, olive oil, olives, brazil nuts, and shea butter. See product section for additional volume details.
3
2004-2011 figures represent an estimate of the volume of cocoa beans necessary to produce the Fair Trade certified cocoa that was imported by U.S. business partners. 2002-2003 volumes represent the total volumes of finished cocoa products imported.
4
Variety of produce certified. See product section for further details.
5
2005-2008 grains figures represent rice only. 2009-2011 figures include rice and quinoa.
6
2006-2008 figures represent vanilla only. 2009-2011 figures include vanilla and other herbs & spices.
7
Unit measure for flowers is stems.
8
Unit measure for wine is 750 mL bottles. It was previously reported in liters.
9
Unit measure for apparel is number of garments.
Source: Fair Trade USA
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Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Coffee 18 Fair Trade Certified Producers that Export Green Coffee into the United States and World Market, 2011 19 Premium Payments Generated by Fair Trade Certified Coffee Imports, 1998–2011 20 Fair Trade Premium Payments to Producer Organizations, 1998–2011 21 Imports of Fair Trade Certified Coffee into the United States, 1998–2011 22 Imports of Fair Trade Certified Coffee into the United States, Organic versus Conventional, 1998–2011 23 Imports of Fair Trade Certified Coffee into the United States by Country of Origin, 2007–2011 24 Percent of Fair Trade Certified Coffee Imported into the United States by Country of Origin, 2011 25 Top Five Origins of Fair Trade Certified Coffee in the United States, 2011
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Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Coffee: Fair Trade Certified Producers that Export Green Coffee into the United States and World Market Overall, the number of producer organizations from which Fair Trade USA’s importers sourced continued to remain relatively stable from 2010 to 2011. With an increase in certified imports last year, supply expanded primarily out of existing buyer-seller relationships. When compared to the total certified producers by country, the U.S. market is sourcing from almost all Fair Trade producer organizations in countries like Costa Rica, Ethiopia and Indonesia. The newest member to the list of U.S. sourced producer organizations is the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Fair Trade Certified Producers that Export Green Coffee into the United States and World Market, 2011 Producer Organizations Latin America Bolivia Brazil Colombia Costa Rica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Guatemala Haiti Honduras Mexico Nicaragua Peru Latin America Subtotal Africa Congo, Democratic Republic of the Ethiopia Kenya Rwanda Tanzania, United Republic of Uganda Other Africa2 Africa Subtotal Asia East Timor India Indonesia Laos Papua New Guinea Thailand Vietnam Asia Subtotal TOTALS
U.S. 2008
U.S. 2009
U.S. 20101
U.S. 2011
World 2011
15 10 14 3 1 1 3 14 1 7 25 11 31 136
16 10 20 6 1 1 3 12 2 12 27 15 35 160
15 10 26 6 1 1 1 10 0 12 25 18 46 171
11 8 26 8 1 1 1 10 0 11 22 15 43 157
24 24 46 8 2 2 4 15 6 24 38 26 67 286
0 3 1 3 1 1 0
0 3 2 3 2 1 0
0 3 1 4 2 1 0
1 3 1 3 2 1 0
1 4 11 6 8 6 12
9
11
11
11
48
1 0 4 0 2 0 0 7 152
1 0 7 0 3 1 0 12 183
1 0 9 0 1 0 0 11 193
0 1 9 0 1 0 0 11 179
0 11 12 1 3 1 3 31 365
1
The 2010 totals for Producer Organizations were adjusted to account for findings during audit.
2
Other Africa includes the Cameroon, Cote d’Ivoire and Malawi. The U.S. market has not sourced Fair Trade Certified coffee from these countries.
Source: Fair Trade USA and FLO-CERT
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Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Coffee: Premium Payments Generated by Fair Trade Certified Coffee Imports Since 1998, $61 million in Fair Trade premiums have been paid to coffee producers. In 2011, almost $17 million in Fair Trade coffee premiums were paid to the producer organizations, a new record for Fair Trade premium returns in one year. These premiums are used for community, education, environment, quality and productivity projects. As of April 1st, 2011, the Fair Trade premium for green coffee increased from $0.10 per pound of green coffee to $0.20 per pound, with five cents earmarked for productivity and quality improvements at the producer level. The Fair Trade minimum price also increased from $1.25 per pound of green, washed, Arabica coffee to $1.40 per pound of the same type.
Premium Payments Generated by Fair Trade Certified Coffee Imports, 1998-2011 Year
Pounds Certified
Cumulative Coffee Premiums
Annual Coffee Premiums
Annual Growth %
1998
76,059
$3,803
$3,803
N/A
1999
2,052,242
$106,415
$102,612
2598%
2000
4,249,534
$318,892
$212,477
107%
2001
6,669,308
$652,357
$333,465
57%
2002
9,747,571
$1,139,736
$487,379
46%
2003
19,239,017
$2,101,687
$961,951
97%
2004
32,974,400
$3,750,407
$1,648,720
71%
2005
44,585,323
$5,979,673
$2,229,266
35%
64,774,431
$9,218,394
$3,238,722
45%
66,339,389
$14,159,924
$4,941,530
53%
87,772,966
$22,937,221
$8,777,297
78%
2006 2007
1
2008 2009
108,373,041
$33,774,525
$10,837,304
23%
2010
2
105,251,476
$44,299,672
$10,525,148
-3%
2011
3
138,569,409
$61,257,176
$16,957,504
61%
1
On June 1st, 2007 the Fair Trade Premium increased from $0.05 per pound of green coffee to $0.10 per pound.
2
The 2010 Certified Pounds and Premium Dollars were adjusted to account for findings during the audit.
3
On April 1st, 2011, the Fair Trade Premium increased from $0.10 per pound of green coffee to $0.20, with $0.05 earmarked for productivity and quality improvement.
Source: Fair Trade USA
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Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Coffee: Fair Trade Premium Payments to Producer Organizations Fair Trade Premium Payments to Producer Organizations, 1998-2011 Cumulative Coffee Premiums
$70
Annual Coffee Premiums
$60
Premium Dollars (in Millions)
$50
$40
$30
$20
$10
$ 1998 Source: Fair Trade USA
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
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Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Coffee: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Coffee into the United States To date, over 690 million pounds of Fair Trade Certified coffee have been imported into the United States. Imports of organic Fair Trade Certified coffee increased 14 percent in 2011, bringing the percentage of organic imports to 52 percent of the overall total volume. Total imports in 2011 increased 32 percent when compared to 2010, due to increased demand from U.S. buyers for Fair Trade Certified coffee.
Imports of Fair Trade Certified Coffee into the United States, 1998-2011 Total Fair Trade Certified Imports Year
Pounds Certified
Organic Fair Trade Certified Imports
1
Growth
Growth Rate
Pounds Organic
Growth
Growth Rate
Percent Organic
1998
76,059
N/A
N/A
76,059
N/A
N/A
100%
1999
2,052,242
1,976,183
2598%
1,696,072
1,620,013
2130%
83%
2000
4,249,534
2,197,292
107%
3,370,211
1,674,139
99%
79%
2001
6,669,308
2,419,774
57%
5,224,435
1,854,224
55%
78%
2002
9,747,571
3,078,263
46%
7,939,812
2,715,377
52%
81%
2003
19,239,017
9,491,446
97%
16,050,873
8,111,061
102%
83%
2004
32,974,400
13,735,383
71%
22,349,395
6,298,522
39%
68%
2005
44,585,323
11,610,923
35%
25,967,653
3,618,258
16%
58%
2006
64,774,431
20,189,108
45%
50,398,223
24,430,570
94%
78%
2007
66,339,389
1,564,958
2%
43,954,107
-6,444,116
-13%
66%
2008
87,772,966
21,433,577
32%
51,971,672
8,017,565
18%
59%
108,373,041
20,600,075
23%
51,711,363
-260,309
-1%
48%
105,251,476
-3,121,565
-3%
63,097,543
11,386,180
22%
60%
2011
138,569,409
33,317,933
32%
72,078,673
8,981,130
14%
52%
Total
690,674,166
2009 2010
2
415,886,091
1
Certified imports refers to coffee purchases made directly from cooperatives and exporters at origin and purchases made from foreign traders or processors.
2
The 2010 volume figures were adjusted to account for findings during the audit.
Source: Fair Trade USA
60%
22
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Coffee: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Coffee into the United States, Organic versus Conventional Fair Trade Certified conventional coffee experienced greater growth than organic coffee in 2011, versus 2010 where conventional imports experienced a decline. Conventional coffee grew 58 percent from 2010 to 2011, comprising 48 percent of the overall total volume. An additional organic premium is paid to producer organizations on top of the Fair Trade minimum price and premium for organic Fair Trade Certified coffee. On April 1st, 2011 the Fair Trade minimum premium for Fair Trade organic coffee increased from $0.20 per pound of green coffee to $0.30 per pound in order to strike a better balance with the cost of sustainable, organic farming and the dramatic fluctuations in coffee prices. .
Imports of Fair Trade Certified Coffee into the United States, Organic versus Conventional, 1998-2011 150
Conventional Organic
130
Volume (in Millions of Pounds)
110
90
70
50
30
10
-10 1998 Source: Fair Trade USA
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
23
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Coffee: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Coffee into the United States by Country of Origin In 2011, approximately 138 million pounds of Fair Trade Certified coffee were imported into the United States from 22 different countries. Latin America accounted for 87 percent, or about 120 million pounds, with significant growth in imports from Brazil, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras. In Africa, there was an overall increase of nine percent, with significant increases in Kenya and Uganda, as well as, the addition of a new origin, the Democratic Republic of Congo. U.S. imports from Asia, unfortunately, experienced a 12 percent decline due to the loss of East Timor as an available origin, but 2011 also saw the re-emergence of India as a source for Fair Trade Certified coffee.
Imports of Fair Trade Certified Coffee into the United States by Country of Origin in Pounds, 2007-2011 Country Latin America Bolivia Brazil Colombia Costa Rica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Guatemala Haiti Honduras Mexico Nicaragua Peru Latin America Subtotal Africa Congo Ethiopia Kenya Rwanda Tanzania Uganda Africa Subtotal Asia East Timor 2 India Indonesia Papua New Guinea Thailand Asia Subtotal Total 3 1 2
3
2007 - 2011
2007
2008
2009
2010 1
2011
Growth 2011 vs. 2010 %
Growth 2011 vs. 2010 #
8,843,484 34,252,950 52,984,981 40,054,062 1,028,287 1,104,205 2,334,191 29,838,272 123,430 27,544,170 42,416,591 56,142,831 126,605,629
1,766,116 6,485,484 3,340,403 4,539,963 79,366 117,892 281,387 2,902,323 38,000 630,456 7,716,151 6,245,298 18,673,333
2,041,686 8,033,484 9,089,912 6,132,402 213,509 294,291 484,361 6,927,812 79,298 1,095,249 8,797,759 8,402,732 22,105,130
2,247,902 6,072,629 10,594,680 11,117,149 364,045 326,894 324,013 7,845,530 6,132 4,516,123 9,849,807 11,730,646 26,692,128
1,419,101 4,633,695 12,688,214 8,308,694 169,269 199,385 236,479 3,945,563 6,282,702 6,844,276 15,547,461 24,970,591
1,368,679 9,027,659 17,271,773 9,955,854 202,099 165,742 1,007,951 8,217,045 15,019,641 9,208,598 14,216,694 34,164,447
-4% 95% 36% 20% 19% -17% 326% 108% 0% 139% 35% -9% 37%
-50,422 4,393,964 4,583,559 1,647,159 32,830 -33,643 771,472 4,271,482 0 8,736,939 2,364,322 -1,330,767 9,193,857
423,273,083
52,816,171
73,697,623
91,687,678
85,245,430
119,826,180
41%
34,580,750
16,586,587 624,457 2,074,051 5,456,497 965,312 25,706,904
2,236,323 136,311 39,683 447,833 39,682 2,899,832
3,321,030 62,741 333,389 1,604,240 38,029 5,359,429
2,981,758 252,652 332,852 1,898,412 443,676 5,909,350
4,000,853 45,768 709,451 632,308 160,540 5,548,920
42,240 4,046,623 126,985 658,677 873,703 283,386 6,031,614
100% 1% 177% -7% 38% 77% 9%
42,240 45,771 81,217 -50,775 241,395 122,846 482,694
10,567,536 141,488 44,218,141 1,803,905 158,901 56,889,971 505,869,958
1,529,474 119,048 8,736,601 198,414 39,849 10,623,387 66,339,389
1,070,738 7,207,077 438,098 8,715,913 87,772,966
3,219,770 6,460,641 791,858 119,052 10,591,321 108,373,041
4,469,767 9,716,849 126,063 14,312,679 105,251,476
277,788 22,440 12,096,972 249,471 12,646,671 138,569,409
-94% 100% 24% 98% 0% -12% 32%
-4,191,979 22,440 2,380,123 123,408 0 -1,666,008 33,317,933
The 2010 volumes for coffee were adjusted to account for findings during the audit. The only producer organization in East Timor ceased selling Fair Trade Certified coffee in December 2010. The volume in 2011 is representative of remaining shipments delivered in Q1 2011 from the 2010 contracts. The 2009, 2010, 2011 total volumes include blended coffee from multiple origins (184,692, 144,447, and 64,944 lbs respectively).
Source: Fair Trade USA
24
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Coffee: Percent of Fair Trade Certified Coffee Imported into the United States by Country of Origin Noteworthy for 2011 is the stronger presence of Honduras as the third largest country of origin for Fair Trade Certified coffee, with 11 percent of the U.S. imports, and Brazil, with seven percent. Both of these countries historically have not been large suppliers to the Fair Trade market within the U.S. but have seen growth in recent years.
Percent of Fair Trade Certified Coffee Imported into the United States by Country of Origin, 2011 Other Asian Origins less than 1%
Other African Origins 1% Ethiopia 3%
Indonesia 9%
Other Latin American Origins 2%
Peru 25% Guatemala 6% Brazil 7% Colombia 12%
Mexico 7% Costa Rica 7% Nicaragua 10%
Source: Fair Trade USA
Honduras 11%
25
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Coffee: Top Five Origins of Fair Trade Certified Coffee in the United States The “Top 5” origins continue to represent an increasing majority of total U.S. imports. Four out of five of the top five origins of Fair Trade Certified™ coffee imported into the United States are in Latin America. New to the top five is Honduras with over 15 million pounds in 2011 and an increase of 139 percent from 2010. Indonesia held strong as the only non-Latin American country in the top five with almost 12 million pounds, a 24 percent increase over last year, despite challenges in the market and difficulties in production.
Top Five Origins of Fair Trade Certified Coffee in the United States by Volume in Pounds, 2011 Country Peru Colombia
2007 - 2011
2007
2008
2009
20101
2011
126,605,629
18,673,333
22,105,130
26,692,128
24,970,591
34,164,447
52,984,981
3,340,403
9,089,912
10,594,680
12,688,214
17,271,773
Honduras
27,544,170
630,456
1,095,249
4,516,123
6,282,702
15,019,641
Nicaragua
56,142,831
6,245,298
8,402,732
11,730,646
15,547,461
14,216,694
Indonesia
44,218,140
8,736,601
7,207,077
6,460,641
9,716,849
12,096,972
307,495,750
37,626,090
47,900,100
59,994,218
69,205,816
92,769,526
506,096,890
66,339,389
87,772,966
108,373,041
105,107,029
138,504,465
61%
57%
55%
55%
66%
67%
Subtotal All Origins Total
2
Top 5 as % of Total 1
The total volumes in 2010 were adjusted to account for findings during the audit.
2
2010 and 2011 All Origins Totals do not include blended coffee from multiple origins (144,447, and 64,944 lbs respectively).
Source: Fair Trade USA
27
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
tea 28 Premium Payments to Fair Trade Certified Tea Producer Organizations, 2001-2011 29 Imports of Fair Trade Certified Tea into the United States, 2001-2011 30 Imports of Fair Trade Certified Tea into the United States by Country of Origin, 2007–2011 31 Percent of Fair Trade Certified Tea Imported into the United States by Country of Origin, 2011
28
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Tea: Premium Payments to Fair Trade Certified Tea Producer Organizations Sales of Fair Trade Certified tea to the United States since 2001 have generated over $3 million in premiums, reaching producer organizations in eleven different countries this year, funding programs that create better access to health care and education, support women, and protect the environment. The impact of Fair Trade Certified tea continues to grow, year after year, and expand its reach across Africa and Asia.
Premium Payments to Fair Trade Certified Tea Producer Organizations, 2001-2011 Year < 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20103 20114 Total 1
Pounds Certified 65,261 86,706 95,669 180,310 517,500 629,985 1,134,993 1,372,261 1,372,157 1,720,794 2,081,874 9,257,510
Producer Organizations1 16 16 18 29 23 47 41 42 46 37
Origins
Premium2
4 4 3 6 7 9 9 8 9 11
$10,757 $30,415 $43,792 $62,346 $177,407 $244,800 $428,435 $473,954 $454,534 $542,821 $657,944 $3,127,205
Data on the number of producer organizations is not available prior to 2002.
Fair Trade Premiums are fixed in U.S. Dollars, Euros or South African Rands, dependent on the tea type & quality. The 2011 conversion rate is a historical average from the time period. Tea premiums are dispersed by each gardenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s respective joint body of workers and management or organization of small producers.
2
3
2010 total volume and premium figures for tea are adjusted to account for findings during audit.
4
For 2011, individual tea estates in India and Sri Lanka that are part of multi-estate groups are now consolidated under larger producer organizations.
Source: Fair Trade USA, www.Oanda.com
29
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Tea: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Tea into the United States Reaching imports of over two million pounds for the first time in Fair Trade USAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s history, imports of Fair Trade Certified tea into the U.S. continued the considerable growth trend from 2010 into 2011. Over 9.2 million pounds of Fair Trade Certified tea have traded through the United States to date, the great majority of which is also certified organic.
Imports of Fair Trade Certified Tea into the United States, 2001-2011 Total Fair Trade Certified Imports 1
Year
Pounds Certified
< 2001
Organic Fair Trade Certified Imports
Growth Rate
Pounds Organic
2
Growth Rate
Percent Organic
65,261
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
2002
86,706
33%
n/a
n/a
n/a
2003
95,669
10%
84,189
n/a
88%
2004
180,310
88%
180,142
114%
100%
2005
517,500
187%
452,618
151%
87%
2006
629,985
22%
594,564
31%
94%
2007
1,134,993
80%
826,342
39%
73%
2008
1,372,261
21%
1,168,504
41%
85%
2009
1,372,157
0%
1,063,900
-9%
78%
3
2010
1,720,794
25%
1,252,008
15%
73%
2011
2,081,874
21%
1,512,005
21%
73%
Total
9,257,510
7,134,272
77%
1
2001 tea figure includes tea certified in the second half of 2000.
2
Volume of certified organic Fair Trade Tea is not available prior to 2003. Prior to 2007, organic status was not an element of the Fair Trade USA audit and should be considered an estimate.
3
2010 total volume for tea has been adjusted to account for findings during audit.
Source: Fair Trade USA
30
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Tea: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Tea into the United States by Country of Origin Imports of Fair Trade Certified tea increased by 21 percent in 2011. This growth was primarily driven by China, surpassing India as the largest origin for Fair Trade Certified teas in the United States for the first time. Imports from Africa also maintained strong growth, highlighted by Burkina Faso and Malawi as new origins of supply for U.S. traders.
Imports of Fair Trade Certified Tea into the United States by Country of Origin in Pounds, 2007-2011 Country
2007-2011
2007
2008
2009
20101
2011
Growth Rate (2010 - 2011)
China
1,795,108
216,470
265,392
292,182
423,800
597,264
41%
India
2,330,791
405,013
527,857
426,356
457,190
514,376
13%
Nepal
2,166
2,019
147
0
0
0
n/a
Sri Lanka
585,802
304,955
129,141
40,271
48,747
62,687
29%
Vietnam
19,425
389
1,833
1,798
8,659
6,746
-22%
Asia Subtotal
4,733,292
928,846
924,370
760,607
938,396
1,181,073
26%
Burkina Faso
13,178
0
0
0
0
13,178
n/a
Egypt
606,837
73,195
69,898
121,231
125,908
216,607
72%
Kenya
3,285
0
0
0
2,646
639
-76%
Malawi Rwanda2 South Africa Tanzania Africa Subtotal Total
3
7,584
0
0
0
0
7,584
n/a
1,516,504
63,955
199,352
302,660
442,216
508,321
15%
471,990
53,000
159,752
67,785
99,317
92,136
-7%
58,002
15,997
18,890
3,030
20,063
22
-99%
2,677,380
206,147
447,891
494,706
690,150
838,487
21%
7,691,497
1,134,993
1,372,261
1,372,157
1,720,794
2,081,874
21%
1
2010 total volume figures for tea are adjusted to account for findings during audit.Â
2
Rwandan imports, while representing a significant share of total volume, are primarily sold to customers in the United Kingdom.
3
2009-2011 total volumes include blended origins (116,844, 92,249 and 62,314 pounds respectively).
Source: Fair Trade USA
31
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Tea: Percent of Fair Trade Certified Tea Imported into the United States by Country of Origin Imports of Fair Trade Certified tea from China, Rwanda and India, together representing over three quarters of U.S. imports, continue to significantly outweigh imports from all other origins.
Percent of Fair Trade Certified Tea Imported into the United States by Country of Origin, 2011
Sri Lanka 3%
Other Origins1 4%
South Africa 5% China 29%
Egypt 10%
Rwanda 24% India 25%
â&#x20AC;&#x153;Other Originsâ&#x20AC;? includes origins representing less than 1% of total imports and blended teas Source: Fair Trade USA
33
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
cocoa 34 Premium Payments Generated by Fair Trade Certified Cocoa in the United States, 2002â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2011 35 Percent of Premium Payments to Fair Trade Certified Cocoa Producer Organizations by Country of Origin, 2011 36 Imports of Fair Trade Certified Cocoa into the United States, 2002â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2011
34
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Cocoa: Premium Payments Generated by Fair Trade Certified Cocoa in the United States Since 2002, Fair Trade USA cocoa partners have contributed over $2.2 million in premium payments, funding programs to create better access to health care and education, support women, and protect the environment. Small-scale cocoa producers across West Africa and Latin America benefit from U.S. consumersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; commitment to supporting strong cooperatives, fair prices and fair conditions of labor.
Premium Payments Generated by Fair Trade Certified Cocoa in the United States, 2002-2011 Year
Pounds Certified
Origins1
Premium
2002
14,050
-
$956
2003
178,888
-
$12,171
2004
727,576
5
$38,291
2005
1,036,696
8
$130,233
2006
1,814,391
7
$199,164
2007
1,951,400
9
$132,748
2008
3,847,759
9
$261,752
2009
2,629,411
9
$178,871
2010
4,392,674
7
$298,875
2011
11,255,319
8
$1,012,760
2
Total
27,848,165
1
Data not available 2002-2003.
2
On January 1, 2011, the Fair Trade Premium increased from $150 per metric ton of cocoa beans to $200.
Source: Fair Trade USA
$2,265,823
35
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Cocoa: Percent of Premium Payments to Fair Trade Certified Cocoa Producer Organizations by Country of Origin Most of the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s cocoa is exported as raw beans to an increasingly concentrated number of cocoa processors in Europe and North America. A significant portion of the certified cocoa product entering the United States has already been processed and blended with other sources of cocoa to meet particular flavor profiles. However, some U.S. importers purchase directly from cooperatives and processors with increasing abilities to process and export cocoa products themselves. A key origin for Fair Trade Certified cocoa in the United States is the Dominican Republic, representing close to half of the entire market share.
Percent of Premium Payments to Fair Trade Certified Cocoa Producer Organizations by Country of Origin, 2011 Bolivia 2% Ecuador 3%
Belize 1%
Costa Rica less than 1%
Ivory Coast 3% Ghana 5%
Peru 10% Dominican Republic 41%
Blended/Non-Direct Imports 35%
Cocoa that is blended may come from multiple origins and therefore cannot be specifically attributed to one country Source: Fair Trade USA
36
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Cocoa: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Cocoa into the United States Channeling a growing demand by consumers towards ethical cocoa, imports of Fair Trade Certified cocoa and chocolate products boomed in 2011. Over 11 million pounds were imported, more than doubling volumes from last year with. This huge boost can be attributed to an increase in cocoa powder sales, found in ready-to-drink beverages, baking mixes and ice cream, as well as increasing demand from companies manufacturing chocolate. 2011 may mark a tipping point for Fair Trade cocoa as it becomes increasingly available to a mainstream consumer base.
Imports of Fair Trade Certified Cocoa into the United States, 2002-2011 Total Fair Trade Certified Imports
Organic Fair Trade Certified Imports
Year
Pounds Certified
2
Growth Rate
Pounds Organic
Growth Rate
Percent Organic
2002
14,050
n/a
7,122
n/a
51%
2003
178,888
1173%
173,556
2337%
97%
2004
727,576
307%
618,187
256%
85%
2005
1,036,696
42%
744,238
20%
72%
2006
1,814,391
75%
1,449,841
95%
80%
2007
1,951,400
8%
1,481,230
2%
76%
2008
3,847,759
97%
3,461,875
134%
90%
2009
2,629,411
-32%
2,385,984
-31%
91%
2010
4,392,674
67%
3,881,673
63%
88%
11,255,319
156%
8,437,024
117%
75%
1
Total
27,848,165
22,640,729
1
Fair Trade USA launched Fair Trade Certified Cocoa in the second half of 2002.
2
2004-2011 figures represent an estimate of the volume of cocoa beans necessary to produce the Fair Trade Certified cocoa that was imported by U.S. business partners. 2002-2003 volumes represent the total volumes of finished cocoa products imported.
Source: Fair Trade USA
81%
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
37
39
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
produce 40 Origins and Producer Organizations by Produce Type, 2011 41 Premium Payments to Fair Trade Certified Produce Producer Organizations by Country of Origin, 2011 42 Imports of Fair Trade Certified Produce into the United States by Produce Type, 2004â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2011 43 Imports of Fair Trade Certified Produce into the United States by Produce Type, 2011
40
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Produce: Origins and Producer Organizations by Produce Type 2011 showed growth across nearly every country and fresh produce product. Notably, 2011 marked the first time that Fair Trade Certifiedâ&#x201E;˘ bell peppers, cucumbers and bananas from Mexico were imported into the United States. These imports generated nearly $40,000 in premium funds for Mexican growers and farm workers during the 2011 harvest.
Origins and Producer Organizations by Produce Type in Pounds, 2011 Colombia Banana
Costa Rica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Haiti
Mexico
Peru
South Africa
Producer Organizations
26,028,360
-
57,588
17,507,040
-
271,738
14,896,320
-
40
Citrus
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
760,727
1
Cucumber
-
-
-
-
-
368,952
-
-
1
Mango
-
-
-
-
433,010
-
11,182
-
2
Pineapple
-
10,613,252
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
Bell Pepper
-
-
-
-
-
567,270
-
-
1
26,028,360
10,613,252
57,588
17,507,040
433,010
1,207,960
14,907,502
760,727
47
Total
Source: Fair Trade USA
41
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Produce: Premium Payments to Fair Trade Certified Produce Producer Organizations by Country of Origin As a result of U.S. imports of Fair Trade Certified produce, nearly $1.8 million in Fair Trade premiums for community development reached farming communities during 2011. This figure represents an increase of 41 percent over 2010. While Colombia remains the largest origin for Fair Trade Certified produce imported into the U.S., stronger import growth from other origins is diversifying the sources of Fair Trade Certified produce for the U.S. market.
Premium Payments to Fair Trade Certified Produce Producer Organizations by Country of Origin, 2011
Mexico $39,965
South Africa $23,464
Haiti $19,485
Dominican Republic $1,440
Costa Rica $240,496 Colombia $650,709
Peru $373,118
Ecuador $437,676
All Fair Trade Premiums are fixed in U.S. Dollars except citrus. Citrus premiums are paid in South African Rand. The 2011 conversion rate is a historical average for the contracted harvest time period. Source: Fair Trade USA, www.Oanda.com
42
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Produce: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Produce into the United States by Produce Type The Fair Trade Certified produce category continued to grow in 2011, with an impressive 40 percent increase over 2010. The re-emergence of Fair Trade pineapples seen in 2010 continued into 2011â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s harvest, and growth was also demonstrated in nearly every other produce product.
Imports of Fair Trade Certified Produce into the United States by Produce Type in Pounds, 2004-2011 2004â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2010
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Growth Rate (2010-2011)
Avocado
759,829
-
56,000
554,550
149,279
-
-100%
Banana
171,015,610
7,228,000
24,894,400
49,270,680
41,915,160
58,761,046
40%
2,056,893
780,207
464,607
143,715
281,790
760,727
170%
368,952
-
-
-
-
368,952
100%
9,180
-
-
-
-
-
n/a
1,980,594
22,275
77,760
303,777
421,648
444,192
5%
13,340,743
-
-
-
8,287,443
10,613,252
28%
567,270
-
-
-
-
567,270
100%
189,730,119
8,030,482
25,492,767
50,272,722
51,055,320
71,515,439
40%
Citrus
1
Cucumber Grape Mango Pineapple Bell Pepper Total 1
Citrus figures for 2007, 2010 & 2011 include clementines and navel oranges. The figures for 2008 and 2009 represent navel oranges only.
Source: Fair Trade USA
43
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Produce: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Produce into the United States by Produce Type One of the most notable trends within the produce category during 2011 was continued growth in organic imports. Across all products, imports of organic products as a percentage of total products were 59 percent, versus 51 percent in 2010. The total quantity of organic products imported also grew by 64 percent.
Imports of Fair Trade Certified Produce into the United States by Produce Type, 2011 Organic Citrus
Conventional
Mango
Bell Pepper
Cucumber
Pineapple
Banana
0
10
20
30
Volume (in Millions of Pounds) Source: Fair Trade USA
40
50
60
45
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
SUGAR 46 Volumes and Premium Payments for Fair Trade Certified Sugar by Origin, 2005–2011 47 Imports of Fair Trade Certified Sugar into the United States by Country of Origin, 2007–2011 48 Imports of Fair Trade Certified Sugar into the United States, 2005–2011
46
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Sugar: Volumes and Premium Payments for Fair Trade Certified Sugar by Origin Consumers in the United States continue to deliver tremendous impact to sugar cane growing families and communities across Latin America, Africa and Asia with over $2.5 million in premiums paid since 2005. While Paraguay represents the largest origin of Fair Trade Certified sugar each year, it is especially exciting to note imports from Belize and Mauritius for the first time in 2011.
Volumes and Premium Payments for Fair Trade Certified Sugar by Origin, 2005-2011 Country
2005â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2011
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Growth Rate (2010 - 2011)
Belize
1,563,749
0
0
0
0
1,563,749
100%
Costa Rica
3,872,885
1,525,351
85,800
644,850
343,922
954,614
178%
Malawi
7,536,551
1,147,804
1,191,849
1,289,855
1,688,837
1,539,563
-9%
Mauritius
361,554
0
0
0
0
361,554
100%
Paraguay
60,957,745
5,984,272
7,415,494
9,371,663
16,091,330
19,310,734
20%
119,035
0
0
0
22,035
25,000
13%
Total Pounds
74,415,728
8,657,427
8,696,172
11,307,547
18,146,124
23,755,215
31%
Total Premium
$2,581,396
$289,683
$303,891
$392,763
$640,041
$821,930
28%
The Philippines 1
1
The 2008-2009 total volumes include blended origins (3,029 and 1,179 pounds respectively).
Source: Fair Trade USA
47
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Sugar: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Sugar into the United States by Country of Origin The demand for Fair Trade, organic sugar - primarily supplied by Paraguayan sugar cane growers - steadily grows year after year. Concurrently, there was more conventional sugar imported this year than ever before, coming from sources in Belize, Costa Rica, Malawi and Mauritius.
Imports of Fair Trade Certified Sugar into the United States by Country of Origin, 2007-2011 25
Paraguay Belize Malawi Costa Rica
20
Mauritius
Volume (in Millions of Pounds)
The Philippines 15
10
5
0 2007 Source: Fair Trade USA
2008
2009
2010
2011
48
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Sugar: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Sugar into the United States Almost 75 million pounds of Fair Trade Certified sugar has been imported into the United States since 2005. 2011 imports showed a 31 percent increase from 2010. This versatile product continues to make a presence as packaged sugar and by supplying the sweetness to an ever-growing list of consumer packaged goods, such as chocolate bars, baked goods, bottled beverages and jams & spreads.
Imports of Fair Trade Certified Sugar into the United States, 2005-2011 Total Fair Trade Certified Imports
Organic Fair Trade Certified Imports
Year
Pounds Certified
Growth Rate
Pounds Organic
Growth Rate
Percent Organic
2005
271,680
n/a
109,214
n/a
40%
2006
3,581,563
1218%
3,003,932
2651%
84%
2007
8,657,427
142%
5,965,223
99%
69%
2008
8,696,172
<1%
7,415,494
24%
85%
2009
11,307,547
30%
9,371,663
26%
83%
2010
18,146,124
60%
16,113,365
72%
89%
2011
23,755,215
31%
19,335,734
20%
81%
Total
74,415,728
Source: Fair Trade USA
61,314,625
82%
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
49
51
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
OTHER products 52 Grains: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Grains into the United States, 2005–2011 53 Grains: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Rice and Quinoa into the United States, 2005–2011 54 VANILLA, HERBS & SPICES: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Vanilla, Herbs and Spices into the United States, 2006–2011 55 VANILLA, HERBS & SPICES: Percent of Fair Trade Certified Herbs and Spices Imported into the United States, 2011 56 Flowers: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Flowers into the United States, 2007–2011 57 Flowers: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Flowers into the United States by Country of Origin, 2007–2011 58 Wine: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Wine into the United States, 2008–2011 58 Honey: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Honey into the United States, 2008–2011 59 Nuts & Oilseeds: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Nuts and Oilseeds into the United States, 2009–2011 60 Sports Balls: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Sports Balls into the United States, 2009–2011 61 APPAREL & LINENS: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Garments into the United States, 2010–2011
52
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Other Products: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Grains into the United States Since 2005, sales of Fair Trade grain products in the United States delivered over $136,000 in impact dollars to a small base of committed supply partners, reaching rice farmers across South and Southeast Asia and quinoa farmers high in the Andes of South America.
Grains: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Grains into the United States, 2005-2011 Year
Pounds Certified
Growth Rate
Pounds Organic
Percent Organic
Producer Organizations1
Premium2
Origins
2005
73,824
n/a
10,800
15%
2
$781
India, Thailand
Rice 2006
390,848
429%
333,872
85%
2
$5,851
India, Thailand
2007
436,456
12%
315,996
72%
2
$6,449
India, Thailand
2008
317,652
-27%
40,260
13%
5
$5,085
India, Thailand
2009
971,454
206%
34,480
4%
2
$17,711
India, Thailand
2010
157,455
-84%
94,512
60%
2
$1,688
Thailand
2011
122,628
-22%
71,500
58%
1
$1,368
Thailand
SubTotal
2,470,317
901,420
36%
$38,933
Quinoa 2009
304,351
n/a
304,351
100%
2
$11,734
Bolivia
2010
1,279,549
320%
1,279,549
100%
2
$49,334
Bolivia
2011
945,051
-26%
945,051
100%
3
$36,437
Bolivia
SubTotal
2,528,951
2,528,951
100%
$97,506
4,999,268
3,430,371
69%
$136,439
Total 1
Until 2008, the data for rice reflects the number of exporters and does not reflect the multiple producers exporting through these groups.
2
Fair Trade rice premiums are fixed in Thai Baht. The 2011 conversion rate is a historical average for the time period.
Source: Fair Trade USA, www.Oanda.com
53
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Other Products: Grains: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Rice and Quinoa into the United States Imports of Fair Trade Certified quinoa continued to represent the majority of Fair Trade grains in 2011. In the past two years, growing consumer demand has led to the import of over two million pounds of Fair Trade quinoa into the United States.
Grains: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Rice and Quinoa into the United States, 2005-2011 1,500
Quinoa
Volume (in Thousands of Pounds)
Rice
1,000
500
0 2005 Source: Fair Trade USA
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
54
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Other Products: Vanilla, Herbs & Spices: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Vanilla, Herbs & Spices into the United States Fair Trade herb and spice imports continued into their third year in 2011 and grew beyond the initial category launch after dropping in 2010. To date, over $380,000 in premium funds has reached vanilla, herb and spice producers in India, Uganda, Sri Lanka, and Madagascar.
Vanilla, Spices & Herbs: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Vanilla, Herbs and Spices into the United States, 2006-2011 Year
Pounds Certified1
Growth Rate
Percent Organic
Percent Organic
Producer Organizations
Premium2
Origins
2006
197,145
n/a
93,933
48%
5
$52,760
India, Uganda
Vanilla 2007
149,460
-24%
23,805
16%
5
$39,998
India, Uganda
2008
44,165
-70%
14,705
33%
5
$11,819
India, Uganda
2009
53,261
21%
14,806
28%
4
$26,172
India, Uganda
2010
247,490
365%
22,130
9%
8
$121,616
India, Madagascar
2011
192,895
-22%
34,164
18%
8
$94,788
India, Madagascar, Uganda
SubTotal
884,416
203,543
23%
$347,154
Herbs & Spices3 2009
96,084
n/a
96,084
100%
1
$14,769
Sri Lanka
2010
46,250
-52%
46,250
100%
2
$5,134
Sri Lanka, India
2011
105,775
129%
105,775
100%
3
$13,202
Sri Lanka, India
SubTotal
248,109
248,109
100%
$33,105
1,132,524
451,652
40%
$380,258
Total 1
For vanilla, pounds certified represents green pounds certified and is based on a 6:1 weight conversion ratio for green to cured beans.
2
2006-2008 premiums for vanilla were determined at the rate for vanilla green beans; 2009-2011 premiums were determined at the rate for vanilla cured beans. For products with Fair Trade Premiums fixed in Euros, the 2011 conversion rate is a historical average for the time period.
3
This section currently excludes Chamomile, Hibiscus, Mint, and Rooibos products. For reference, they are included under the Tea section.
Source: Fair Trade USA, www.oanda.com
55
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Other Products: Vanilla, Spices & Herbs: Percent of Fair Trade Certified Herbs & Spices Imported into the United States Organic cinnamon and ginger represented half of total imports in 2011, a huge increase from their combined market share of only four percent in 2010. Black pepper and turmeric also both doubled from their respective import volumes from last year. This category should continue to grow as new partners with increasingly diverse herb and spice product offerings join Fair Trade.
Vanilla, Spices & Herbs: Percent of Fair Trade Certified Herbs and Spices Imported into the United States, 2011 Mace 2% Tulsi 5%
Cloves 1%
Nutmeg 7% Cinnamon 32% Turmeric 12%
Black Pepper 21% Ginger 22%
Source: Fair Trade USA
56
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Other Products: Flowers: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Flowers into the United States Flower exports to the United States have remained fairly consistent since 2008, totaling over 41 millions stems imported to date. This category quickly took off after its launch at the end of 2007, and consumers so far have delivered over $1.3 million in premium payments to floral farm workers for investment into their communities and futures.
Flowers: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Flowers into the United States, 2007-2011 Year
Stems Certified
Growth Rate
Producer Organizations
Premium
Origins
1
2007
650,832
n/a
10
$8,125
Ecuador, Colombia, Kenya
2008
9,835,028
1411%
21
$302,835
Ecuador, Colombia, Kenya
2009
9,539,859
-3%
16
$295,352
Ecuador, Colombia, Kenya
2010
10,489,991
10%
12
$317,698
Ecuador, Kenya
2011
10,510,006
0%
12
$391,147
Ecuador, Kenya
2
Total
41,025,716
1
Represents a partial year; Fair Trade USA launched Fair Trade Certified Flowers in the second half of 2007.
2
2010 Stems Certified adjusted to account for findings during audit.
Source: Fair Trade USA
$1,315,157
57
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Other Products: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Flowers into the United States by Country of Origin Representing almost three quarters of total imports in 2011, Ecuador is the leading supplier of Fair Trade Certified flowers to the U.S. market. For flowers, the Fair Trade premium is a percentage of the sale price. In general, Ecuadorian farmers receive a higher premium per stem than Kenyan farmers because of their higher quality flowers. Producer organizations in both countries received a combined amount of close to $400,000 in premium funds in 2011.
Flowers: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Flowers into the United States by Country of Origin, 2007-2011 12
Colombia Kenya
10
Volume (in Millions of Stems)
Ecuador
8
6
4
2
0 2007 Source: Fair Trade USA
2008
2009
2010
2011
58
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Other Products: Wine: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Wine into the United States New and old committed business partners spanning the wine industry, offering Fair Trade varietals in the United States, continue to deliver impact, totaling almost $350,000 in premiums paid since 2008, to wine grape producers and their communities across South Africa, Argentina and Chile.
Wine: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Wine into the United States, 2008-2011 Year
Bottles Certified1
Growth Rate
Percent Organic2
Producer Organizations
Premium3
Origins
2008
257,959
n/a
15%
4
$34,128
South Africa, Argentina
2009
1,450,717
462%
14%
7
$202,789
South Africa, Argentina, Chile
2010
530,446
-63%
38%
10
$68,586
South Africa, Argentina, Chile
2011
300,637
-43%
11%
5
$40,154
South Africa, Argentina, Chile
Total
2,539,760
$345,657
1
Based on 750 ml bottles.
2
In 2011, 69,408 bottles of wine were not designated as organic or conventional and were thus not included in the Percent Organic dataset.
3
Fair Trade premium for wine varies by wine grape. The premium is 50 Euros per 700 liters of red wine and 50 Euros per 630 liters of white wine. The table reflects premium payments converted to U.S. Dollars. The 2011 exchange rate is a historical average for the time period.
Source: Fair Trade USA, www.oanda.com
New Products: Honey: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Honey into the United States Committed U.S. business partners spanning the food and body care industries offer a variety of products and continue to deliver impact, totaling almost $128,000 in Fair Trade premiums since 2008, to beekeepers and their communities across Brazil and Mexico.
Honey: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Honey into the United States, 2008-2011 Year
Pounds Certified
Growth Rate
Percent Organic
Producer Organizations
Premium
Origins
2008
266,385
n/a
100%
4
$18,125
Mexico
2009
250,662
-6%
100%
3
$17,055
Mexico
2010
919,130
267%
100%
6
$62,537
Brazil, Mexico
2011
333,600
-64%
100%
3
$30,264
Brazil, Mexico
Total
1,769,778
Source: Fair Trade USA
$127,981
59
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Other Products: Nuts & Oilseeds: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Nuts and Oilseeds into the United States The Fair Trade nuts and oilseeds category launched in 2009 and has had the most significant and consistent impact in olive oil. The U.S. marketâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s demand is largely driven by the efforts of business partners who remain committed to responsible sourcing and delivering impact back to producers and their families across the world. Collectively, Fair Trade sales, namely as bottled olive oil, body care products and nuts, have generated over $33,000 in premiums to producers.
Nuts & Oilseeds: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Nuts & Oilseeds into the United States, 2009-2011 Product Type Olive Oil
Year
Unit
Volume Certified
Growth Rate
Producer Organizations
Premium1
Origins
2009
Liters
16,867
n/a
1
$10,821
Palestine
2010
Liters
13,900
-18%
3
$8,474
Palestine
2011
Liters
11,841
-15%
2
$6,086
Palestine
2
Subtotal
42,609
$25,381
Olives 2009
Pounds
-
n/a
0
$0
n/a
2010
Pounds
992
n/a
1
$42
Palestine
2011
Pounds
-
n/a
0
$0
n/a
Subtotal
992
$42
Brazil Nuts 2009
Pounds
36,080
n/a
1
$6,134
Peru
2010
Pounds
12,100
-66%
1
$2,057
Peru
2011
Pounds
-
n/a
0
$0
n/a
Subtotal
48,180
$8,191
Shea Butter 2009
Pounds
54
n/a
1
$6
Burkina Faso
20103
Pounds
513
850%
1
$43
Burkina Faso
2011
Pounds
545
6%
1
$46
Burkina Faso
Subtotal
1,112
$95
1
Fair Trade Premiums are fixed in U.S. Dollars or Euros, dependent on the product. 2011 conversion rate is a historical average from the time period.
2
Conversion for Olive Oil from liters to kilograms is 0.92 kilograms per liter. This conversion ratio is used to estimate producer premium.
3
2010 Total Premium figure for Shea Butter adjusted to account for findings during audit.
Source: Fair Trade USA, www.oanda.com
60
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Other Products: Sports Balls: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Sports Balls into the United States Imports of Fair Trade Certifiedâ&#x201E;˘ sports balls into the United States grew considerably in 2011 with new partners and retail opportunities. U.S. consumers can bring a positive difference to the lives of workers that stitch sports balls simply by buying a Fair Trade soccer ball.
Imports of Fair Trade Certified Sports Balls into the United States, 2009-2011 Year
Sports Bal Certified
Growth Rate
Producer Organizations
Origin
2009
850
n/a
2
Pakistan
2010
500
-41%
1
Pakistan
2011
4,460
792%
2
Pakistan
Total
5,810
Source: Fair Trade USA
61
Fair Trade USA 2011 Almanac
Other Products: Apparel & Linens: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Garments into the United States The Apparel & Linens pilot program is Fair Trade USA’s newest product category and a mark of Fair Trade USA’s commitment to innovation. It represents the first Fair Trade manufacturing standard for cut and sew factories, and the first attempt to deliver a direct economic benefit at two levels of the supply chain, in the form of a Fair Trade premium. It’s also the first product category where Fair Trade USA developed standards independently of Fairtrade International (FLO). Fair Trade USA is collaborating with independent auditing companies to conduct the on-site inspections of participating factories and sewing workshops. Fair Trade Price and Premium Payers within the Apparel and Linens Category, often the brand partner, pay between 1 and 10 percent of the price directly to workers, depending on the wage level assessed in the factory. Brands pay a 10 percent Fair Trade Premium if the factory wage is closer to the minimum wage, and 1 percent if the factory is paying a living wage. The sliding scale premium is 5 percent if workers are earning well above minimum wage but not yet a living wage. All cotton used is also Fair Trade certified; the premium rate to cotton farmers is 0.05 Euro/kg or 0.0697 USD/kg of raw cotton. Since the launch of the Apparel & Linens pilot in late 2010, the growth is significant. The total volume of garments purchased by U.S. importers and the total premium dollars to factories and cotton producers have more than tripled. Apparel partners are introducing a range of Fair Trade Certified apparel products in the U.S. market, such as knit tops, blouses, scarves, undergarments, and even kitchen linens and baby clothes.
Apparel & Linens: Imports of Fair Trade Certified Garments into the United States, 2010-2011 Year
1
Garments Purchased
Growth Rate
Factories
Premium Dollars to Factories
Factory Origins
Cotton Growth Volume Rate (Pounds)
Cotton Producers
Premium Dollars to Cotton Producers
TOTAL Premium (Factories & Producers)
Cotton Producer Origins
2010
14,961
n/a
3
$2,871
India, Liberia, Costa Rica
31,591
n/a
3
$860
$3,731
India, Egypt, Nicaragua
2011
54,023
261%
3
$8,005
India, Liberia, Costa Rica
113,284
259%
3
$3,582
$11,586
India, Egypt, Nicaragua
Total
68,984
$4,441
$15,317
$10,876
144,875
2010 represented the first year of the Apparel & Linens program for Fair Trade USA. 2010 data is reflective of the second half of 2010.
Source: Fair Trade USA, FLO & Max Havelaar France