សាធារណះរដ្ឋប្រជាមានិតកម្ពុជា by Comprehensive Understanding

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PñMeBjéf¶TI 08 Ex kBaØa qñaM 1984

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kmμvtßú ³ esckþIENnaMGMBInItiviFIrdæb,evNI kñúgry³eBlCagBIrqñaMknøgmkenH Gyükar nigtulakarRbCaCnextþ Rkug )andMeNIrkar nig)anGnuvtþPar kic©rbs;xøÜnRbkbedayeCaKC½y . kñúgvis½yRBhμTNÐ karecaTRbkan; nigkarebIksvnakarCMnMuCMrH )annaMmknUv \Ti§Bly:agl¥RbéB kñúgkarrYmcMENkkarBar nigksagmatuPUmi CaBiesskñúgkarkarBarsnþisuxsgÁm reboberob rysaFarN³ karBarRTBüsm,tiþrdæ karBarGayuCIvit nigRTBsm,tiþRsbc,ab;rbs;Blrdæ . kñúgvis½yrdæb,evNI GaBah_BiBah_ nigRKYsar tulakarRbCaCnextþ Rkugk¾)andMeNIrkarpSHpSarKUPaKI[ Cana nigKñaeLIgvij )anCaeRcInerOg sMedAeFVI[RbCaCnmansamKIÁPaB ÉkPaBKña rYmkMlaMgKñaCMrujkarbgábegáIn pl nigEfrkSaesßrPaBénkarrs;enArbs;xøÜn . b:uEnþTnÞwm niglT§pld¾RbéBEdlGyükar nigtulakarRbCaCnextþ Rkug deNIþm)anenaH RksYgyutiþFm’k¾ )anemIleXIjkarlM)ak nigPaBsμúKsμajmYycMnYn kñúgkargarrbs;tulakarRbCaCn Epñkrdæb,evNIEdr . tula karRbCaCnEpñkrdæb,evNI BMuTan;)anebIksvnakarCMnMuCMrHerOgrdæb,evNI erOgGah_BiBah_ nigRKYsareLIy eFVI[ erOgRbePTenHEdlpSHpSarBMu)ansMercenaH enAsl;kan;EteRcIneLIg ² . )atuPaBenHebImanteTAeTotCaehtu mYynaMeGayRbCaCn fñaMgfñak;citþ nigGs;CMenOelItulakarRbCaCn kñúgdMeNaHRsayerOgTMnas;rbs;eK . edImI,edaHRsaybBðaaenH RksYgyutþiFm’sMercecjesckþIENnaMGMBInItiviFIrdæb,evNI EdlmandUcxageRkam enH ³ I>GMBIkarpSHpSa ³ eRkayBI)anTTYlbNþwgBIsamIuCnedaypÞal; b¤BIGgÁkaryutþiFm’mUldæan b¤GgÁkarNamYy RbFantulakar RtUvcat;eGaycuHbNþwgenaH kñúgesovePATTYlbNþwg . RbFantulakarRtUvBinitüemIl faetIerOgEdlbþwgenaHsßit 2

enAkñúgrgVg;smtßkic©rbs;xøÜnEdr b¤eT ? RbsinebIerOgenaHmanlkçN³CaerOgrdæ)al RtUvepÞrerOgenaHeTA[GgÁkarrdæ)al Edlmansmtßkic©edImI, edaHRsay . RbsinebIerOgenaH manlkçN³CaerOgRBhμTNÐ RtUvepÞrerOgenaHeTA[Gyükar edImI,edaHRsay . RbsinebIbNþwgenaH manlkçN³CaerOgrdæb,evNI b¤GaBah’BiBah’ nigRKYsar RbFantulakarRtUvcat;[ ecARkmmñak; TTYlbnÞúkBinitüsMNMuerOg edImI,eFVIkarpSHpSaCabnÞan; . Parkic©pSHpSarenH RbFantulakarRtUveFVI edayxøÜnÉg kalebIBinitüeXIjfa CakarcaM)ac; . enAéf¶kMNt;eFVIkarpSHpSar RbsinebIPaKImçagmin)anTTYllixitGeB¢IajenaH KWRtUvGeB¢IajPaKITaMgGs;[ cUlmksaCafμImþgeTot enAéf¶NamYyepSgeTot . RbsinebIedImecaT )anTTYllixitGeB¢IajehIy ehIymin)ancUlmkedayKμanmUlehtucMnYn 2elIkenaH RtUvcat;TukfaPaKIenHe)aHbg;bNþwgrbs;xøÜn . kñúgkrNIenHecARkm RtUveFVIdIkacMNayerOgecjBIbB¢Ia . enAéf¶kMNt;eFVIkarpSHpSaebIPaKITaMgGs;)ancUlmk ecARkm RtUvENnaMsMruHsMrYly:ag[KUPaKI)anCa nig Kñavij edayvicarBaØaN . ENnaMeGayKUPaKIemIleXIjnUvplvi)akTaMgLay EdlekItecjmkBIkarTas;ETgKña kar)ak;EbksamKIÁ nigkarxateBlevla nigplRbeyaCn_kñúgkarbnþerOgkþIEvgGnøayteTAeTot . ecARkm minRtUveFVIkareKobsgát; KMramkMEhg b¤bgçitbgçMeGayPaKINamYysMerccitþy:agenH b¤y:agenaH eLIy . kñúgkarpSHpSa dac;xatRtUveGayRsbc,ab;pgEdr . karpSHpSarminRsbc,ab;RtUvhamXat; ]TahrN_- GñkelgeboQñH bþwgeGayGñkelgcaj;sgR)ak;mkeGayxøÜn b¤karbwþgElglHKña bþIsMueGayRbBn§ RbKl;kUnenAe)AedaH mk[xøÜnciB©wam . krNITaMgenaHtulakar minRtUvedaHRsayeT . CaBiess kñúgdMNak;karpSHpSa ecARkmminRtUvBinitüdl;GgÁesckþIénerOgeT )ann½yfaminRtUvBinitürk ehtupl rkPsþútag faPaKIenHRtUvQñH PaKIenaHRtUvcaj;eLIy . kñúgkarpSHpSa eTaHCa)ansMerckþI min)ansMerckþI RtUvEteFVIkMNt;ehtucuHTaMgRsugkñúgesovePAkMNt;mYyBi ess sMrab;karpSHpSa . ebIKUPaKIyl;RBmCanigKñavij enaHkMNt;ehtu RtUvbB¢aak;eGay)anRtwmRtUvnUvkic©snüa EdlKUPaKITTYl yl;RBm BIeRBaHkic©snüaenHcgP¢ab;KUPaKIkMueGayRbEkkEkERb)an . ecARkm RtUvecjdIkasMerclatRtdag eLIgvijnUvkic©snüaenaH . dIkaenaHmantémøesμI nigsalRkmsßaBrEdr . ebIKUkþIminRBmCanigKña b¤ ebIcugcemøIy)anTTYllixitGeB¢IajehIy ehIymin)ancUlxøÜnmkedayKμanmUl ehtu cMnYnBIrelIk enaHecARkmRtUvcat;eGayeFVIkMNt;ehtuBIkrNIenH dak;cUlkñúgsMNMuerOg ehIyRtUvcat;viFan kareFVIkaresIubGegátesIubsYr KWRtUvcat;EcgerobcMsMNMuerOg[)ansBVRKb;munnwgdak;erOgenaHeTACMnMuCMrH . cMeBaHerOgElglHKña karpSHpSa RtUveFVInItiviFI EdlmanEcgkñúgc,ab;GaBah’BiBah’ nigRKYsarenAeBlEdl 3

c,ab;enHcUlCaFrman . enAeBlsvnakar muneBlCMnMuCMrHdl;GgÁesckþIénerOg tulakarGaceFVIkarpSHpSamþgeTot)an . kñúgerOgxøHEdlmanPaKIEtmçag KWmanEtedImbNþwg dUcCabNþwgsMuEkERb b¤sMucuHkMeNIt sMuEkERb b¤sMucuH mrNPaB bþwgsMusalRkmRbkas)at;xøÜn énshB½T§CaedIm tulakarmin)ac;eFVIkarpSHpSaeT tulakarRtUvecj salRkmsMercEtmþg . RtUvkt;sMKal;fa munnwgeFVIkarGegátesIubsYr RtUvbgÁab;eGayedImecaTbg;R)ak;RkLaRkm EdlnwgkMNt; kñúgc,ab; . II>GMBIkarGegátesIubsYr ³ ebIkarpSHpSaBMuGacRbRBwtþeTA)an b¤)anRbRBwtþeTA EtBMu)anTTYlpl ecARkmRtUveFVIkarGegátesIubsYr nig Binitü[)anl¥itl¥n; GMBIxøwmsarénerOg nignItiviFIcaM)ac;kñúgkaredaHRsay . karGegátesIubsYr kñúgnItiviFIrdæb, evNI manlkçN³xusEbøkBIkarGegátesIubsYr kñúgnItiviFIRBhμTNÐ . kñúgerOgRBhμTNÐ KWsßab½nsniþsux nKr)al Gyükar CaGgÁkarTTYlbnÞúkeFVIkarGegátesIubsYr . rIÉkñúgerOgrdæb,evNI ecARkmCaGñkTTYlbnÞúkeFVIkarGegátesIubsYrRsavRCavrkRKb;Psþútag nigmUldæan c,ab; edImI,erobcMsMNMuerOgenaHeTACMnMuCMrH . bBðaaenHGacnaM[man)atuPaBmYyxagstiGarmμN_ekIteLIg KWecA RkmeRcInemIlRsalkñúgkarBinitüeLIgvijnUvnItiviFI nigxøwmsarénerOg edayTukcitþfa kñúgeBlpSHpSa xøÜn)an BinitüRKb;RCugeRCayehIy . edImI,ecosvagnUv)atuPaBenH RtUvykcitþTukdak;elIbBðaadUcxageRkamenH ³ 1-ecARkm RtUvemIlGMBITMnak;TMngKtiyutþ rvagedImecaT nigcugcemøIy dUcCakñúgerOgGaBah’BiBah’RtUv kMNt;eGayc,as; GMBIcMNgTak;Tgburs nig®sþI EdlbþwgsMucb;smKÁsgVasKña faetIburs nignarIenaHmancMNg GaBah’BiBah’b¤eT? nigGMBIcMNgTak;Tg rvag«Buk b¤mþayCamYy nigkUn . TnÞwmnwgenaHk¾RtUvkMNt;[c,as;GMBI TMnak;TMngkñúgvis½yRTBüsm,tiþEfmeTot . karkMNt;TMnak;TMngKtiyutþikñúgerOgrdæb,evNI mansar³sMxan; kñúgeBlGegátRsavRCav eFVIsMNMuerOg[ RKb;RCugeRCay k¾dUcCakñúgeBlCMnMuCMrH BIeRBaHedayEp¥kelIktþaenHehIy EdlecARkm b¤tulakarGacRbmUlrk PsþútagCamUldæan)an edImI,edaHRsayerOgenaH[)anRtwmRtUv . 2-eRkayBI)ankMNt;TMnak;TMngKtiyutþiehIy ecARkm RtUvcat;[elxaFikarRkLabB¢IaekaHGeB¢IajPaKI nigsakISTaMgLay mkbgðajxøÜn ehIysYrykcemøIyBICnTaMgenaH . TnÞwmnwgenH k¾RtUvCUndMNwgdl;emFavI rbs;KUPaKIpgEdr GMBIviFankaresIubsYr ehIyemFavIenaHmansiTi§ cUlrYmkñúgkarGegátesIubsYrRKb;eBlevla nig mansiTi§bþwgCMnYskUnkþI)an ebIkUnkþI)anRbKl;siTi§enH[xøÜn . emFavI GacCUnesckþIsniñdæan nigsarNaTaMgLay cab;taMgBIeBlEdlKUkþI)anBwgxøÜn rhUtdl;eBlbBaÄb;karsYredjedalmuneBlecjsalRkm . taMgBIeBldak;BakübNþwgrhUtdl;eBledjedal edImbNþwgmansiTi§bEnßm b¤bnßyBakübNþwgrbs;xøÜn . 4

rIÉcugcemøIyk¾mansiTi§dak;BakübþwgtbvijEdr b:uEnþbNþwgtbenH RtUvmanTMnak;TMngKña nigbNþwgedImmanmUl ehtukñúgbNþwgedIm b¤CameFüa)aykarBarTl; nigbNþwgedIm . kñúgkareFVIkMNt;ehtupSHpSak¾dUcCakarRsg;cemøIyrbs;PaKI b¤sakISenAeBlGegátesIubsYr RtUvsresr[ c,as; KμankarqUtlub ehIyCYsbEnßmBaküeLIy . ebIlub b¤bEnßmBakü RtUvdak;nieTÞs {yl;RBm} b¤{ yl;RBmbEnßm} rYcecARkmelxaFikarRkLabB¢Ia nigCn Edl)aneqøIy RtUvcuHhtßelxaenAeRkamnieTÞsenH . karGegátesIubsYr RtUveFVIcMeBaHmuxKUPaKI nigcMeBaHmuxGñkkarBarrbs;KUPaKIRbsinebIman . RtUvsYrsakIS mñak;mþg eTaHcMeBaHmuxtKUPaKIkþI kM)aMgmuxkþI . kñúgkarcaM)ac; edImI,rkkarBit ecARkm GacsYrcemøIytTl;rvagsakIS b¤rvagPaKI nigsakIS)an . 3-ecARkm RtUvbgÁab;[dak;cUlkñúgsMNMuerOg nUvlixitTaMgLayEdlmanRbeyaCn_ edImI,bMPøWtulakar . ecARkm RtUvBinitüemIlEtPsþútagTaMgLay EdlKUkIþCUnmkGagenaH RKb;RKan;ehIyb¤enA? . ebIBinitüeXIjfa PsþútagenaHenAmanxVHcenøaHRtg;cMNucNamYy enaHecARkmKbI,cat;karGegátRsavRCavEfmeTot b¤k¾cat;[ PaKIEdlelIkbBðaaNamYymkGagenaH ykPsþútagmkdak;kñúgsMNMuerOgk¾)an . ebIkñúgsMNMuerOgmanekItbBðaaEdlCacaM)ac;RtUvmanGñkCMnajCYyBinitüviPaK nigkMNt;enaHecARkmKbI, cat;taMgeGaymanGñkCMnaj eFVIekaslüvic½ybB¢aak;CalaylkçGkSr nigcuHhtßelxaRtwmRtUv . lT§plénkar snñidæanrbs;GñkCMnajkñúglixitekaslüvic½y BMuEmnCaktþakMNt; EdlecARkm b¤tulakarRbCaCn RtUvEtsMerc tamenaHeT . ecARkmTTYlbnÞúkGegátesIubsYr Gaccat;taMg[manGñkCMnajepSgeToteFVIekaslüvic½yEfm kalebIecARkmyl;eXIjfa karsnñidæankñúglixitekaslüvic½ymun enAmanPaBBMuTan;c,as;las; . kñúgry³eBlesIubGegátRsavRCavPsþútag ecARkmcaM)ac;RtUvBinitüy:agli¥tl¥n;elIvtßú ¬Éksar sMbuRt b¤ vtßúepSg²¦ cMelIyrbs;PaKIcemøIyrbs;sakIS lixitekaslüvic½y nigÉksardéTeTot EdlGgÁkarrdæ b¤GgÁkar mhaCnepIJ nigRbKl;eGay . PsþútagnImYy² RtUvykmkeRbobeFobnwgPsþútagÉeTot edImI,vaytémøsrubeGayeXIjfa PsþútagTaMg enaH )anRsbnigKñaehIy ehIybB¢aak;eGayeXIjkarBitRKb;RCugeRCayR)akdEmn . RbsinebIPsþútagTaMg Gs;EdlRbmUl)ankñúgsMNMuerOgenAminTan;c,as;Rtg;cMNucNamYyenaH ecARkmGaceFVIkarGegátbEnßm edaycuH eTAdl;TIkEnøgekItehtu edImI,rkeGayeXIjPaBCak;EsþgEfmeTot . 4-eRkayBinitüelIPsþútagsBVRKb;ehIy ecARkm RtUvykPsþútagTaMgenaH nigsMNUmBrrbs;KUPaKIeFVICa mUldæan ehIyRsavRCavrkemIletImUldæanenaHsmRsbtamc,ab;kMNt; tameKalneya)ayrbs;bkSrEdrb¤ eT? kñúgkrNIenH ecARkmRtUvykGtßbTEdlmanEcg GMBIbBðaaénerOgenaH mkBinitüy:agl¥itl¥n; KWRtUveCos vagkMuGageTAelIkarcaMrbs;xøÜn b¤TMlab;rbs;xøÜn Edl)aneFVIBImunmk . 5

5-eRkayBIGegátesIubsYrcemøIycb;sBVRKb;ehIy ecARkmRtUveFVIr)aykarN_P¢ab;CamYysMNMuerOg bB¢Úan eTAtulakarCMnMuCMrH . RbFantulakar RtUvecjdIka cat;taMgecARkmmñak; b¤cat;taMgxøÜnÉgeFVICaRbFanRkumRbwkSaCMnMuCMrH . III>GMBIkareRtombMrug munnwgdak;sMNMuerOgCMnMuCMrH ecARkm CaRbFanRkumRbwkSaCMnMuCMrH manParkic©dUcteTA ³ 1>-karsMueyabl;BItMNagGyükar ecARkm RtUvdak;CUnrdæGaCJa Binitü nigpþl;eyabl;CalaylkçN_GkSrnUvsMNMuerOgTaMgLayEdlTak;Tg dl;reboberobrysaFarN³ b¤RTBüsm,tiþrdæ Cab;CMBak;dl;plRbeyaCn_GnItiCn b¤GsmtßCn . kñúgkrNIenH rdæGaCJa RtUveFVIGnþraKmn_edaytaMgxÜønCaKUkþIedIm ehIycaM)ac;RtUvcUlrYmkñúgsvnakar . eRkABIsMNMuerOgxagelIenH ecARkm RtUvdak;CUnrdæGaCJapgEdr nUvsMNMuerOgNamYy EdlrdæGaCJasMuykmk Binitü nigeFVIesckþIsnñidæanCalaylkçN_GkSrelIerOgenaH . cMeBaHerOgNaEdlecARkm eXIjfamanlkçN³CaerOgRBhμTNÐenaHecARkm RtUvepÞrerOgmkeGayGyü kar edImI,eFVIkarecaTRbkan; . b:uEnþtMNagGyükar eRkayBI)anBinitüsMNMuerOg eXIjfaerOgenHmanlkçN³CaerOgrdæb,evNI b¤erOg RKYsareTAviju enaHGgÁkarTaMgBIrRtUvelIkmtiminÉkPaBKñaenaH CUnrdæm®nþIRksYgyutþiFm’Binitü nigsMerc . 2>karsMercykerOgdak;CMnMuCMrH k-bnÞab;BI)anbMeBjParkic©xagelIsBVRKb;ehIy ecARkm RtUvecjdIka sMercdak;erOgeTACMnMuCMrHkñúgdI karenaH RtUvsresr[c,as; ³ -namRtkUl Gayu rbrrksIu nigGas½ydæan rbs;KUPaKI ¬edImecaT nigcugcemøIy¦ nigkmμvtßúénerOg dUcCakarsMudac;smKÁsgVas karsMueGayciBw©amGaharkic© karsMueGaysgR)ak;tamkic©snüa . l . -eQμaHGñkkarBaredImecaT b¤GñkkarBarcugcemøIy RbsinebIman -sMNUmBrrbs;tulakarRbCaCn dl;tMNagshRKas RkumsamI b¤tMNagGgÁ karmhaCncMeBaHerOg NaEdltulakarBinitüeXIjfa caM)ac;®tUvtMNagénGgÁkarTaMgenaH mkeqøIybMPøWtulakar b¤karBarplRbeyaCn_ rbs;GgÁkarTaMgenaH . -eQμaHGñkCMnaj EdleFVIekaslüvic½y RbsinebIman . -eQμaHGñkbkERbPasa RbsinebIman . -eBlevla nigTIkEnøgebIksvnakar . -vtßútagEdlsamIuCnRtUvnaMykmkbgðajtulakar enAeBlsvnakar . -RKb;dIkasMercykerOgdak;CMnMuCMrH RtUvcmøgmYYysnøwkCUntMNagGyükaredImI,RCab . 6

x- elxaFikar-RkLabB¢Ia edayGnuvtþtamdIkaxagelIenH RtUveFIVlixitGeB¢IajCnEdlTak;TgkñúgerOg EdlTak;TgkñúgerOg [cUlrYmTaMgGs;kñúgsvnakar . elxFikar-RkLabB¢Ia eCosvagkMuGeBI¢ajtamGtþenam½t rbs;xøÜn ehIyQandl;mankgVH dUcCaGeB¢IajsakISminRKb; GeB¢IajsakISmincaM)ac; b¤BMu)anR)ab;samuICn[yk vtßútagmkcMeBaHmuxtulakar enAeBlsvnakar . K-kñúglixitGeB¢Iaj RtUvsresr[c,as;GMBIsiTi§ nigkatBVkic©rbs;samIuCn ehIyRtUveFVICaBIrc,ab; KWmYy c,ab;RbKl;eGaysamICn mYyc,ab;eTot GñkRbKl;lixitGeB¢Iaj RtUvbgVileGaytulakarvijedImI,dak;kñúgsMNMu erOg . lixitGeB¢Iaj RtUvecjedayKitdl;eBlevla EdlsamIuCnRtUvTTYl ehIyGacmkcUlrYmkñúgsvnakar )an . X-eyagtamkrNInImYy² buKÁlikrbs;tulakar GacRbKl;lixitGeB¢IajeGaydl;samIuCn b¤RbKl; Parkic©rbs;tulakar GacRbKl;lixitGeB¢IajeGaydl;samIuCn b¤RbKl;Parkic©enaH eGayeTAsmaCikyutþiFm’ XMu b¤sgáat; . RbsinebIsamIuCnCakmμaPi)al buKÁlik kmμkr kñúgGgÁPaBNamYyenaH lixitGeBI¢ajGacepJIeTA dl;samIuCntamry³RbFanGgÁPaBenaH . 3-karcat;taMgTIRbwkSaRbCaCn ³ eRkayeBlecjdIkasMerc dak;erOgeTACMnMuCMrHecARkmRtUvecjdIkacat;taMgTIRbwkSaRbCaCn 2rUb kñúgcM eNamTIRbwkSaEdlmaneQμaHkñúgbB¢IaraynamTIRbwkSaRbCaCn . TIRbwkSaRbCaCnTaMgBIrrUbenHRtUv)anGeB¢Iaj mkBinitüsMNMuerOgy:agticNas; 3éf¶ munéf¶ebIksvnakar edayminKitéf¶Qb;sMrak nigéf¶buNü . cMeBaHerOgNaEdlmanlkçN³sμúKsμaj ecARkmRtUvGFib,ayBnül;TIRbwkSaRbCaCn eGay)anRCabGMBI xøwmsarénerOg bBaØtiþ nigeKalneya)ayrbs;bkS edImI,[TIRbwkSamanlT§PaBrYmcMENkkñúgeBlCMnMuCMrH)anlT§ PaBl¥RbesIr . cMNucsMxan; ecARkmRtUvecjENnaMTIRbwkSaeGaysÁal;siTi§ nigkatBVkic©rbs;xøÜn EdlmanesμI nigecARkm sMedABRgwgsiTi§eFVICam©as;rbs;RbCaCn nigBRgwgnItüanukUlPaBRbCaFibetyü . CaBiessecARkm nigTIRbwkSaRbCaCn mankatBVkic©rkSakarsm¶at;rbs;rdæ KWminRtUv[CndéTdwgnUverOg EdlnwgRtUvCMnMuCMrHenaHeT . ecARkm RtUvRBagsMNYr sMrab;sYrbB¢aak;dl;Gkñ cUlrYmkñúgnItiviFIenAeBlsvnakarxagmux . IV>GMBIkargarenAeBlsvnakar karebIksvnkar rbs;tulakarRbCaCn maneKaledACMnMuCMrHerOgeGay)anl¥itl¥n; nigRtwmRtUvbMputtam bBaØtiþc,ab; nigtameKalneya)ayrbs;bkS . dUcenH enAeBlsvnakar tulakarRbCaCnRtUvsYrcemøIy GñkcUl rYmkñúgnItiviFITaMgGs;sareLIgvijTaMgRsug ehIybgðajPsþútageGay)ansBVRKb;edImI,Ep¥kelIenaH tulakarGac 7

nwgecjesckþIRbkassalRkmmYy manlkçN³RKb;RCugeRCay nigRtwmRtUv . m:üagvijeTotenAeBlebIksvna karCMnMuCMrH tulakar RtUveFVIy:agNaeGaykargarCMnMuCMrH køayeTACakargarmYyGb;rMdl;samICnpg Gb;rMdl; RbCaCnTUeTApg GMBIsm,CBaØ³ GMBIkarGnuvtþn_c,ab; nigeKalmaK’arbs;bkS . tulakarRbCaCn KYrecosvag nigkMuyl;RcLMfa xøÜn)aneFVIkarpSHpSaCaeRcInelIk ehIykarGegátesIubsYr k¾)anli¥tl¥n; ehIysMNMuerOgerobcMk)¾ anRKb;RCugeRCayehIy dUecñHkarebIksvnakar RKan;EtCarUbPaBmYyfμI kMNt;karedaHRsayb:ueNÑaH . TsSn³P½nþRcLMenH GacnaMdl;karemIlRsalelIkarsYredjedalenAeBlsv narkar karRsavRCavBinitüvtßútag nigmtirbs;GñkcUlrYmkñúgnItiviFIdUcCamtirbs;tMNagGgÁkarrdæ GgÁkarsgÁm b¤ rbs;GñkCMnaj . enAeBlsvnakarRbFanRkumRbwkSaCMnMuCMrHCaRbFansvnakar . mann½yfa RbFanRkumRbw kSaCMnMuCMrH manGMNacqnÞanusiTi§kñúgkardwknaMsvnakar KWFanaeGay)ansNþab;Fñab;kñúgsvnakar . ebImanCn Namñak;RbRBwtþxus nigbTbB¢aaépÞkñúgénsvnakar enaHRbFanRkumRbwkSaCMnMuCMrH mansiTi§RBman b¤bgÁab;[Gñk rkSasNþab;Fñab;bgçMeGayCnenaH ecjmYyry³ b¤rhUtBIbnÞb;CMnMuCMrHCabnÞan; . RbsinebImanbTelμIsRBhμTNÐNamYy ekItmankñúgbrievNénbnÞb;CMnMuCMrH ehIykñúgGMLúgeBlCMnMuCMrH Rb FanRkumRbwkSaCMnMuCMrH RtUvbB¢aa[elxaFikar-RkLabB¢IaeFVIkMNt;ehtubB¢ÚanCnelμIs nigvtßútageTAGyükar edImI,cat;viFankar esIubGegát nigecaTRbkan;tamc,ab;RBhμTNÐCaFrman . kñúgkrNIRtUvrkSakarsm¶at;rbs;rdæ b¤sIlFm’sgÁm karCMnMuCMrHGaceFVICasm¶at;)an EtsalRkmRtUvRb kasCasaFarN³ . tulakarRtUvRbkasCaCMnMuCMrHCasm¶at;edayesckþIsMercmanmUlehtu . eTaHbIkarCMnMuCMrH RtUveFVICasaFarN³k¾edayk¾minRtUvGnuBaØatiþeGayGnItiCn KWCnGayuticCag 18qñaM cUl rYmsþab;kñúgsvnakareT elIkElgEtGnItiCnenHRtUvtulakarekaHmksYrCasakIS . svnakarrbs;tulakarRbCaCn RtUvRbRBwtþeTAdUcxageRkamenH ³ 1-muneBlebIksvnakar ³ elxaFikar-RkLabB¢Ia manParkic© ³ k-GanbTbB¢aaépÞkñúgénbnÞb;CMnMuCMrH x-BinitüvtþmanénGñkcUlrYmkñúgsvnakarTaMgGs; . kñúgkrNIGvtþmanénsamIuCnNamñak;enaHRtUv BinitürkmUlehtu . 2>eBlebIksvnakar ³ -elxaFikar-RkLabB¢Ia GeB¢IajGñkcUlrYmkñgú nItiviFITaMgGs; mkkan;bnÞb;svnakar -sñÚkNþwg 3dg CasBaØaR)ab;GMBIkarcUlbnÞb;svnakarénRkumRbwkSaCMnMuCMrH -elxaFikar-RkLabB¢Ia GeB¢IajsaFarN³CneRkakQr -RkumRbwkSaCMnMuCMrH cUlmkkan;kEnøg . RbFanGeB¢IajsaFarNCnGgÁúyrYcRkumRbwkSaCMnMuCMrHk¾GgÁúy 8

PøamEdr . -RbFaneRkakQrRbkasebIkkarCMnMuCMrH nigRbkaskmμvtßúénerOgehtuRBmTaMgeQμaHénKUPaKI . -RbFanbgÁab;[elxaFikar-RkLabB¢Ia raykarN_BIvtþman nigGvtþmanénGñkEdlRtUvcUlrYmkñúgnIti viFI. -elxaFikar-RkLabB¢Ia eRkakQr ehIyraykarN_ . ebImanGñkcUlrYmNamYyGvtþman b¤ebImansM NUmBrBIKUPaKINaesñIp¥aksvnakarRkumRbwkSaCMnMuCMrH RtUvBiPakSa nigsMercfa etIKYrbnþsvnakar b¤bg¥g;eTAéf¶ eRkay . -RbFaneRkakQrRbkassmasPaBtulakar ehIysYrGtþsBaØaN KWnamRtkUl nigeQμaH Gayu sB¢aati lMenAdæanbc©úb,nñ rbrrksIu eQμaH bþIRbBn§ rYcR)ab;siTi§ nigkatBVkic©dl;KUPaKI . bnÞab;mkRbFan sYrdl; PaKImñak;² etIsMupøas;bþÚrsmaCikRkumRbwkSaCMnMuCMrHrUbNamYyeT . RbsinebImanRkumRbwkSaCMnMuCMrHTaMgmUlCaGñk Binitü nigsMerctammtiPaKeRcIn eRkayBI)aneyabl;BItMNagGyükar kñúgkrNIEdlrdæGaCJataMgxÜønCaKUkþIedIm . karbþwgsMupøas;bþÚr nigTukCa)ankar luHRtaEtbNþwgenaHmanmUlehtuRtwm®tUv . -RbFan R)ab;dl;GñkcUlrYmÉeTot dUcCasakIS GñkCMnajEdl)aneFVIekaslüvic½y GñkbkERb GMBI siTi§ nigkatBVkic©rbs;xøÜn . 3>karsYredjedal kñúgdMNak;kalsYredjedal RbFanRkumRbwkSaCMnMuCMrH sYredjedaledImecaTmun bnÞab;mkcugcemøIy nig GñkcUlrYmÉeTot . -kñúgeBlRbFansYrrYc RbFanRtUvRbKl;sMdI eGayTIRbwkSasYrbEnßm -bnÞab;BITIRbwkSaRbCaCn tMNagGyükar GñkkarBar mansiTi§taMgsMNYr)anRbsinebIman . -ebIkñúgsMNMuerOgmanbNþwgrbs;tMNagGyükar EdltaMgxøÜnCaKUkþIedIm RbFansvnakarRtUvGFib,ay edaysegçbnUvxøwmsarénbNþwgrbs;tMNagGyükar . bnÞabmk;RbFanRkumRbwkSaCMnMuCMrHRtUvbgÁab;eGayelxa FikarRkLabB¢Ia GanTaMgRsugnUvbNwþgrbs;tMNagGyükar . RbFanGeB¢IajtMNagGyükar manmtibEnßm . RbFan GacbgÁab;eGayelxaFikar-RkLabB¢Ia GancemøIyrbs;Gñkvtþman EdleK)aneqøIyenAeBlGegát esIubsYrrYcehIy . KUPaKI sakIS EdlCaCnCatimansiTi§eRbIPasarbs;xøÜn)aneBlCMnMuCMrH EtRtUv[manGñkbkERbPasa . kMNt;sMKal;RbFan RtUvecHqk;»kaskñúgeBlsYrsamIuCnbeB©ajvtßútag b¤Éksarnana EdlTak;Tg nig samIuCnenaH ehIysYrbB¢aak;etIeKTTYlsÁal;Éksar b¤vtßútagTaMgenaHR)akdEmn b¤eT . 4-karsYrtTl;Kña ³ -kñúgtMNak;karsYrtTl;Kña RbFanRkumRbwkSaCMnMuCMrH RtUvTuksiTi§[edImecaTcugcemøIy nigGñkcUlrYmÉ 9

eTot CECktTl;cMeBaHcMNucTaMgLayNaEdleKBMuÉkPaBKña . RbFanRtUveFVIkarENnaM[samIuCnenaHecHGFi b,ayEvkEjkehtupléndMeNIrerOg edImI,karBarsiTi§ nigRbeyaCn_Rsbc,ab;rbs;eK ehIyRbFanRtUvecjkat; sMdINa EdlEvgGnøay b¤karCECkKñaxusxøwmsarénerOg . -kñúgkrNIEdltMNagGyükar taMgxøÜnCaKUkþIedIm tMNagGyükarGacCECktTl;CamYycugcemøIy nigsakISrbs;cugcemøIy . -bnÞab;mkRbFan RtUvGeB¢IajGñkkarBarsiTi§edImecaT eFVIesckþIsnñidæan rYceTIbGeB¢Iaj GñkkarBarsiTi§ cugcemøIy eFVIesckþIsnñidæantbvijRbsinebIman . -cugeRkaybg¥s;RbFansvnakar GeB¢IajtMNagGyükar snñidæanvaytémø nigeFVIsMNUmBr . -RbFan RbkasbB©ab;dMNak;kalsYrtTl; -RkumRbwkSaCMnMuCMrH fycUlkñúgbnÞb;BiPakSavij . 5-karBiPakSakñúgbnÞb;sm¶at; ³ RkumRbwkSaCMnMuCMrH RtUvBinitünUvbBðaaxageRkamenH ³ k-TMnak;TMngKtiyutþi rvagedImecaT nicugcemøIy nigsamIuCnÉeTot x-PsþútagRKb;RKan;ehIy b¤enA? K-siTi§ nigkatBVkic© rbs;samIuCnmñak; ² EdlRtUvedaHRsaytambBaØtiþc,ab; nigeKalneya)ayrbs; bkS . RbFanmanParkic©GFib,aybBðaanImYy² nigbBaØtciþ ,ab; eKalneya)ayrbs;bkS CUnsmaCikRkumRbwkSa CMnMuCMrH RtUvpþl;mtimun rYceTIbRbFanRkumRbwkSaCMnMCu MrH sMerctammtiPaKeRcIn . kñúgkrNImanmtiminÉkPaBKña RbFan RtUveFVIkMNt;ehtudak;kñúgsMNMuerOg rIÉGñkmanmtiminÉkPaB k¾mansiTi§sresrmtirbs;xøÜndak;cUlkñúgsM NMuerOgEdr . enAeBlBiPakSa KμanCnNamñak;mansiTi§cUlkñúgbnÞb;sm¶at; eRkABIRkumRbwkSaCMnMuCMrHeLIy . 6-karRbkassalRkm ³ sñÚrkNþwg 3dg -RkumRbwkSaCMnMuCMrH ecjBIbnÞbs; m¶at; mkkan;bnÞb;svnakarvij . -RbFaneRkakQr edImI,GansalRkm . RBmCamYyenaHelxaFikar-RkLabB¢Ia GeB¢IajsaFarNCn eRkakQr . -luHGancb;smasPaBtulakarehIy RbFan GeB¢IajsaFarNCnGgÁúy . -kñúgeBltulakarRbkasesckþIvinicä½y elxaFikar RkLabB¢Ia GeB¢IajsaFarNCneRkakQr . -luHRbkassalRkmcb; RbFan GeB¢IajsaFarNCnGgÁúy . RbFank¾GgÁúyEdr . 10

-RbFan R)ab;eTAKUPaKI ebIminsuxcitþ nigsalRkmenHeT GaceFVIBakübNwþgeTARksYgyutþiFm’)an . -RbFaneRkakQr RbkasbiTsvnakar . V>eRkayeBlsvnakar ³ -RbFansvnakar RtUvBinitüeLIgvij nUvkMNt;ehtukñúgesovePAsvnakar . kMNt;ehtusvnakar qøúH bB©aaMg nigbB¢aak;sBVRKb; GMBIkarEdlekItmankñúgeBlsvnakar . kMNt;ehtusvnakar RtUvmanhtßelxa rbs;elxaFikar-RkLabB¢Iakt;Rta nigRkumRbwkSaCMnMuCMrH . -elxaFikar-RkLabB¢Ia RtUvcmøgkMNt;ehtusvnakar rYcykmkTukkñúgsMNMuerOg . -eRkayeBlsvnakar ecARkm RtUvcat;[elxaFikar-RkLabB¢IacmøgsalRkm CUntMNagGyükar nigRksYgyutþiFm’CabnÞan; RBmTaMgeFVIsMrg;salRkm b¤cmøgsalRkmCUnPaKI nigGgÁkarmansmtßkic©edImI,Gnu vtþ . -karGnuvtþn_salRkm RtUvRbRBwtþeTAtamsaracr elx 1026 cuHéf¶TI 26 Ex tula qñaM 1982 rbs;RksYgyutþiFm’ Edl)anepJICUndl;Gyükar nigtulakarRbCaCnextþ RkugrYcehIy .

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