Geografia Mundial Global by Marcela Lalia

Saber clave Recursos para el docente

GEOGRAFÍA El mundo y la globalización Soraya Ataide

4.° año

GEOGRAFĂ?A El mundo y la globalizaciĂłn

Saberes clave

RECURSOS PARA EL DOCENTE GEOGRAFĂ?A. El mundo y la globalizaciĂłn. Recursos para el docente FT VOB PCSB DPMFDUJWB DSFBEB Z EJTFĂ&#x2014;BEB FO FM %FQBSUBNFOUP &EJUPSJBM EF &EJDJPOFT 4BOUJMMBOB CBKP MB EJSFDDJĂ&#x2DC;O EF (SBDJFMB 1Ă?SF[ EF -PJT QPS FM TJHVJFOUF FRVJQP 4PSBZB "UBJEF &EJUPSB $SJTUJOB 7JUVSSP &EJUPSB TĂ?OJPS 1BUSJDJB +JUSJD +FGB EF FEJDJĂ&#x2DC;O "NBOEB $FMPUUP (FSFODJB EF HFTUJĂ&#x2DC;O FEJUPSJBM .Ă&#x2DC;OJDB 1BWJDJDI

Ă?ndice 3FDVSTPT QBSB MB QMBOJGJDBDJĂ&#x2DC;O QĂ&#x2C6;H t 5FYUPT Z BDUJWJEBEFT QBSB JOUFHSBS DPOUFOJEPT QĂ&#x2C6;H Jefa de arte: Claudia Fano. DiagramaciĂłn: Pablo Ramborger. CorrecciĂłn: MartĂn VittĂłn. Este libro no puede ser reproducido total ni parcialmente en ninguna forma, ni por ningĂşn medio o procedimiento, sea reprogrĂĄďŹ co, fotocopia, microďŹ lmaciĂłn, mimeĂłgrafo o cualquier otro sistema mecĂĄnico, fotoquĂmico, electrĂłnico, informĂĄtico, magnĂŠtico, electroĂłptico, etcĂŠtera. Cualquier reproducciĂłn sin permiso de la editorial viola derechos reservados, es ilegal y constituye un delito.

ÂŠ 2011, EDICIONES SANTILLANA S.A. Av. L. N. Alem 720 (C1001AAP), Ciudad AutĂłnoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. ISBN: 978-950-46-2394-6 Queda hecho el depĂłsito que dispone la ley 11.723. Impreso en Argentina. Printed in Argentina. Primera ediciĂłn: febrero de 2011 Este libro se terminĂł de imprimir en el mes de febrero de 2011, en GraďŹ sur, Cortejarena 2943, Buenos Aires, RepĂşblica Argentina.

Ataide, Soraya GeografĂa : el mundo y la globalizaciĂłn : recursos para el docente . 1a ed. - Buenos Aires : Santillana, 2011. 32 p. ; 28x22 cm. - (Saberes clave)

ISBN 978-950-46-2394-6

1. GuĂa Docente. 2. GeografĂa. I. TĂtulo CDD 371.1

Recursos para la planificaciรณn 2

Capรญtulo

Expectativas de logro

Contenidos

Estrategias didรกcticas

Secciรณn 1

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Espacios geogrรกficos y territorios

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Estados nacionales, territorios estatales

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Globalizaciรณn y capitalismo

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Continentes, paรญses y economรญas

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Intercambios globalizados

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Problemas en la globalizaciรณn. La antiglobalizaciรณn

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ยฉ Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

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Un mundo de servicios en red

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Industria y desarrollo

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Producciรณn agraria y alimentos

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Desarrollo y globalizaciรณn

Cierre de secciรณn 1 Mรฉtodos de trabajo en el aula: La investigaciรณn escolar

Secciรณn 2 La desigual distribuciรณn mundial de la producciรณn y los recursos

Recursos para la planificaciรณn 4

Capรญtulo

Expectativas de logro

Contenidos

Estrategias didรกcticas

Recursos, materias primas, energรญa

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Un recurso vital cada vez mรกs preciado: el agua

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Petrรณleo y gas, grandes desafรญos

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El reto medioambiental y el desarrollo sustentable

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Cierre de secciรณn 2 Estudio de caso: ยฟIntercambio desigual o comercio justo?

Secciรณn 3 Distribuciรณn de la poblaciรณn y condiciones de vida en la globalizaciรณn

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ยฉ Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

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ยฉ Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

Las tendencias demogrรกficas

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Desafรญos de la urbanizaciรณn

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Las personas siguen migrando por el mundo

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Condiciones de vida y de trabajo en zonas urbanas y rurales

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Cierre de secciรณn 3 Estudio de caso: Migraciรณn africana a Europa Cineclub

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.JSBS Z BOBMJ[BS Babel Capitalismo: una historia de amor Democracia en las calles Un poquito de tanta verdad

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Actividades 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

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LOBATO CORREA 3PCFSUP O espacio urbano 4ÍP 1BVMP &EJUPSB «UJDB USBEVDDJØO EF MB BVUPSB

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ยฉ Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

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6 El espacio de los flujos de información .BOVFM $BTUFMMT EFTDSJCF DØNP TF GVFSPO GPSNBOEP MPT DFOUSPT EF NBOEP RVF PSHBOJ[BO MB FDPOPNÓB NVOEJBM B QBSUJS EF MPT BWBODFT FO MBT UFMFDPNVOJDBDJPOFT

-B FDPOPNÓB JOGPSNBDJPOBM HMPCBM TF PSHBOJ[B FO UPSOP B DFOUSPT EF NBOEP Z DPOUSPM DBQBDFT EF DPPSEJOBS JOOPWBS Z HFTUJPOBS MBT BDUJWJEBEFT FOUSFDSV[BEBT EF MBT SFEFT FNQSFTBSJBMFT -PT TFSWJDJPT BWBO[BEPT JODMVJEPT GJOBO[BT TFHVSPT JONPCJMJBSJB DPOTVMUPSÓB TFSWJDJPT MFHBMFT QVCMJDJEBE EJTF×P NFSDBEPUFDOJB SFMBDJPOFT QÞCMJDBT TFHVSJEBE SFVOJØO EF JOGPSNBDJØO DJFOUÓGJDB TF FODVFOUSBO FO FM DFOUSP EF UPEPT MPT QSPDFTPT FDPOØNJDPT ZB TFB FO MB GBCSJDBDJØO BHSJDVMUVSB FOFSHÓB P TFSWJDJPT EF EJGFSFOUFT DMBTFT 5PEPT QVFEFO SFEVDJSTF B HFOFSBDJØO EF DPOPDJNJFOUP Z GMVKPT EF JOGPSNBDJØO "TÓ QVFT MPT TJTUFNBT EF UFMFDPNVOJDBDJPOFT BWBO[BEPT QPESÓBO IBDFS QPTJCMF TV FNQMB[BNJFOUP EJTQFSTP QPS UPEP FM HMPCP /P PCTUBOUF NÈT EF VOB EÏDBEB EF FTUVEJPT TPCSF FM UFNB IB FTUBCMFDJEP VO NPEFMP FTQBDJBM EJGFSFOUF DBSBDUFSJ[BEP QPS TV EJTQFSTJØO Z DPODFOUSBDJØO TJNVMUÈOFBT 1PS VOB QBSUF MPT TFSWJDJPT BWBO[BEPT IBO BVNFOUBEP EF GPSNB DPOTJEFSBCMF TV QPSDFOUBKF EF FNQMFP Z 1/# <QSPEVDUP OBDJPOBM CSVUP> FO MB NBZPSÓB EF MPT QBÓTFT Z QSFTFOUBO FM DSFDJNJFOUP NÈT FMFWBEP FO FNQMFP Z MBT NBZPSFT UBTBT EF JOWFSTJØO FO MBT QSJODJQBMFT ÈSFBT NFUSPQPMJUBOBT EFM NVOEP 4PO PNOJQSFTFOUFT Z TF VCJDBO FO UPEB MB HFPHSBGÓB EFM QMBOFUB FYDFQUP FO MPT BHVKFSPT OFHSPT EF MB NBSHJOBMJEBE 1PS PUSB QBSUF IB IBCJEP VOB DPODFOUSBDJØO FTQBDJBM EF MPT OJWFMFT TVQFSJPSFT EF FTBT BDUJWJEBEFT FO VOPT DVBOUPT DFOUSPT OPEBMFT EF VOPT DVBOUPT QBÓTFT &TUB DPODFOUSBDJØO TJHVF VOB KFSBSRVÓB FOUSF OJWFMFT EF DFOUSPT VSCBOPT RVF DPODFOUSB MBT GVODJPOFT EF OJWFM TVQFSJPS UBOUP FO MP SFGFSFOUF B QPEFS DPNP FO JOGPSNBDJØO FO BMHVOBT EF MBT QSJODJQBMFT ÈSFBT NFUSPQPMJUBOBT &M DMÈTJDP FTUVEJP EF 4BTLJB 4BTTFO TPCSF MB DJVEBE HMPCBM IB FYQVFTUP FM EPNJOJP DPOKVOUP EF /VFWB :PSL 5PLJP Z -POESFT FO MBT GJOBO[BT JOUFSOBDJPOBMFT Z FO MB NBZPSÓB EF MPT TFSWJDJPT EF DPOTVMUPSÓB Z FNQSFTBSJBMFT EF ÈNCJUP JOUFSOBDJPOBM +VOUPT FTUPT USFT DFOUSPT DVCSFO FM FTQFDUSP EF MBT [POBT IPSBSJBT B FGFDUPT EF MB BDUJWJEBE GJOBODJFSB Z GVODJPOBO FO CVFOB NFEJEB DPNP VOB VOJEBE FO FM NJTNP TJTUFNB EF USBOTBDDJPOFT JOUFSNJOBCMFT 1FSP IBZ PUSPT DFOUSPT JNQPSUBOUFT F JODMVTP NÈT RVF FMMPT FO BMHVOPT TFHNFOUPT FTQFDÓGJDPT EFM DPNFSDJP DPNP QPS FKFNQMP $IJDBHP Z 4JOHBQVS FO DPOUSBUPT EF GVUVSPT EF IFDIP TF QSBDUJDBSPO QPS QSJNFSB WF[ FO $IJDBHP FO )POH ,POH 0TBLB 'SBOLGVU ;VSJDI 1BSÓT -PT «OHFMFT 4BO 'SBODJTDP «NTUFSEBN Z .JMÈO TPO UBNCJÏO JNQPSUBOUFT DFOUSPT UBOUP FO TFSWJDJPT GJOBODJFSPT DPNP FNQSFTBSJBMFT EF ÈNCJUP JOUFSOBDJPOBM : EJWFSTPT DFOUSPT SFHJPOBMFT TF FTUÈO VOJFOEP SÈQJEBNFOUF B NFEJEB RVF TF EFTBSSPMMBO NFSDBEPT FNFSHFOUFT QPS UPEP FM NVOEP .BESJE 4ÍP 1BVMP #VFOPT "JSFT .ÏYJDP 5BJQFJ .PTDÞ Z #VEBQFTU FOUSF PUSPT " NFEJEB RVF MB FDPOPNÓB HMPCBM TF FYQBOEF F JODPSQPSB OVFWPT NFSDBEPT UBNCJÏO PSHBOJ[B MB QSPEVDDJØO EF MPT TFSWJDJPT BWBO[BEPT SFRVFSJEPT QBSB HFTUJPOBS MBT OVFWBT VOJEBEFT RVF TF VOFO BM TJTUFNB Z MBT DPOEJDJPOFT EF TVT DPOFYJPOFT TJFNQSF DBNCJBOUFT < > "TÓ QVFT FM GFOØNFOP EF MB DJVEBE HMPCBM OP QVFEF SFEVDJSTF B VOPT DVBOUPT OÞDMFPT VSCBOPT EFM OJWFM TVQFSJPS EF MB KFSBSRVÓB &T VO QSPDFTP RVF JNQMJDB B MPT TFSWJDJPT BWBO[BEPT MPT DFOUSPT EF QSPEVDDJØO Z MPT NFSDBEPT EF VOB SFE HMPCBM DPO EJGFSFOUF JOUFOTJEBE Z B VOB FTDBMB EJTUJOUB TFHÞO MB JNQPSUBODJB SFMBUJWB EF MBT BDUJWJEBEFT ubicadas en DBEB [POB GSFOUF B MB SFE HMPCBM < > CASTELLS .BOVFM i-B TPDJFEBE SFEw FO La era de la información: economía, sociedad y cultura, WPMVNFO "MJBO[B .BESJE IUUQ XXX TDSJCE DPN EPD $BTUFMMT .BOVFM -B &SB EF -B *OGPSNBDJPOUPNP * <DPOTVMUBEP FM >

Actividades 1. 4VCSBZÈ MBT DJVEBEFT RVF BQBSFDFO FO FM UFYUP Z VCJDBMBT FO VO QMBOJTGFSJP 2. {$VÈM FT FM UFNB HFOFSBM EFM BSUÓDVMP 3. {2VÏ TFSWJDJPT BWBO[BEPT BQBSFDFO NFODJPOBEPT {1BSB RVÏ TPO OFDFTBSJPT {2VÏ DBSBDUFSÓTUJDBT UJFOFO FO MB BDUVBMJEBE 4. {%ØOEF TF VCJDBO EJDIPT TFSWJDJPT BWBO[BEPT 5. {2VÏ DVFTUJPOFT BHSFHB .BOVFM $BTUFMMT BM FTUVEJP EF 4BTLJB 4BTTFO TPCSF MB DJVEBE HMPCBM

7 La inmigración y el devenir de las sociedades multiculturales -BT DJVEBEFT MBUJOPBNFSJDBOBT TF DBSBDUFSJ[BO QPS TV DBSÈDUFS IÓCSJEP Z TV NVMUJDVMUVSBMJEBE GSVUP EF MBT NJHSBDJPOFT Z EF MB HMPCBMJ[BDJØO

-B FYQBOTJØO VSCBOB IB TJEP VOB EF MBT DBVTBT RVF IBO JOUFOTJGJDBEP MB IJCSJEBDJØO DVMUVSBM RVF DBSBDUFSJ[B IPZ B MBT TPDJFEBEFT MBUJOPBNFSJDBOBT Z IB DPOUSJCVJEP UBNCJÏO B MB DPOTPMJEBDJØO EF MBT NFHBMØQPMJT NVMUJMJOHàFT Z NVMUJDVMUVSBMFT FOUSF MBT RVF TF FODVFOUSBO 4ÍP 1BVMP #VFOPT "JSFT Z .ÏYJDP KVOUP DPO -POESFT #FSMÓO /VFWB :PSL )POH ,POH -PT «OHFMFT &O FTUBT FYUFOTBT DPODFOUSBDJPOFT VSCBOBT TF NBOJGJFTUBO DPOUJOVBNFOUF GVFSUFT DIPRVFT DVMUVSBMFT Z BM NJTNP UJFNQP TF JOTUBVSBO FTDFOBSJPT QBSB VOB FYUSBPSEJOBSJB DSFBUJWJEBE DVMUVSBM -P RVF (BSDÓB $BODMJOJ MMBNB FO TV MJCSP Imaginarios urbanos FM QBTBKF EF MB DVMUVSB VSCBOB B MB NVMUJDVMUVSBMJEBE " MB MV[ EF FTUF BVUPS MB QSFHVOUB QPS MB DVMUVSB VSCBOB IPZ EFCF QMBOUFBSTF EF NPEP EJGFSFOUF QBSFDJFSB RVF FO MB BDUVBMJEBE MB CÞTRVFEB OP FT FOUFOEFS RVÏ FT MP FTQFDÓGJDP EF MB DVMUVSB VSCBOB DVÈM MB EJGFSFODJB EF MB DVMUVSB SVSBM TJOP DØNP TF EB MB NVMUJDVMUVSBMJEBE MB DPFYJTUFODJB EF NÞMUJQMFT DVMUVSBT FO VO FTQBDJP RVF UPEBWÓB MMBNBNPT VSCBOP &O TVT QBMBCSBT i)FNPT QBTBEP EF TPDJFEBEFT EJTQFSTBT FO NJMFT EF DPNVOJEBEFT DBNQFTJOBT DPO DVMUVSBT USBEJDJPOBMFT MPDBMFT Z IPNPHÏOFBT FO BMHVOBT SFHJPOFT DPO GVFSUFT SBÓDFT JOEÓHFOBT QPDP DPNVOJDBEBT DPO FM SFTUP EF DBEB OBDJØO B VOB USBNB NBZPSJUBSJBNFOUF VSCBOB EPOEF TF EJTQPOF EF VOB PGFSUB TJNCØMJDB IFUFSPHÏOFB SFOPWBEB QPS VOB DPOTUBOUF JOUFSBDDJØO EF MP MPDBM DPO SFEFT OBDJPOBMFT Z USBOTOBDJPOBMFT EF DPNVOJDBDJØOw GARCÍA CANCLINI %F FTUF NPEP MB JOUFSDVMUVSBMJEBE EFTCPSEB MPT MÓNJUFT MPDBMFT QBSB JOTFSUBSTF FO MBT SFEFT DVMUVSBMFT HMPCBMFT EPOEF UPEPT EFWJFOFO DJVEBEBOPT QPSUBEPSFT EF VOB EJWFSTJEBE Z DPNQMFKJEBE EF SFGFSFOUFT DVMUVSBMFT "TÓ EFTEF FM DPOUFYUP MBUJOPBNFSJDBOP MB JOUFSDVMUVSBMJEBE FT FOUFOEJEB OP TPMP DPNP JOUFSBDDJØO EF DVMUVSBT TJOP UBNCJÏO DPNP MB QPTJCJMJEBE EF NBOUFOFS EFOUSP EF VO NBSDP JOUFSDVMUVSBM NÈT BNQMJP MB QMVSBMJEBE Z MB EJWFSTJEBE DVMUVSBM " QBSUJS EF FTUB JEFB FMMB EFGJOF MPT QSPDFTPT FO RVF HSVQPT DVMUVSBMFT EJGFSFOUFT SFDPOTUSVZFO TV JEFOUJEBE FO UFSSJUPSJPT NVMUJDVMUVSBMFT B USBWÏT EF SFMBDJPOFT EF OFHPDJBDJØO DPOGMJDUP F JOUFSDBNCJP SFDÓQSPDPT &O MPT QSPDFTPT JOUFSDVMUVSBMFT TF BSUJDVMBO MBT EJGFSFODJBT Z MBT DPOUSBEJDDJPOFT Z TF HFOFSBO JOUFSDPOFYJPOFT RVF GPSKBO GFOØNFOPT TPDJPDVMUVSBMFT F JEFOUJUBSJPT OVFWPT RVF EFGJOFO FM EJOBNJTNP Z MB DPNQMFKJEBE JOUSÓOTFDB EFM GFOØNFOP NJHSBUPSJP Z FM DPOTFDVFOUF EFWFOJS EF MBT TPDJFEBEFT NVMUJDVMUVSBMFT &O FTUF TFOUJEP TF USBUB EF FOUFOEFS DØNP TF SFPSHBOJ[BO MBT JEFOUJEBEFT QSPQJBT EF DBEB QVFCMP FO QSPDFTPT USBOTOBDJPOBMFT Z EF IJCSJEBDJØO DVMUVSBM GPSUBMFDJFOEP BM NJTNP UJFNQP TVT DVMUVSBT MPDBMFT &O FGFDUP MBT QBSUJDVMBSJEBEFT EFM DPOUFYUP MBUJOPBNFSJDBOP IBO JNQMJDBEP FM BQSFOEJ[BKF EF WJWJS FO MB EJWFSTJEBE DPO DPSSJFOUFT EF EJTUJOUBT DVMUVSBT DPOWJWJFOEP EFTEF BEFOUSP FO MB BDFQUBDJØO EF MB DPNQMFKJEBE Z EF MB QMVSBMJEBE DVMUVSBM <y>

Actividades 1. 4VCSBZÈ MBT DJVEBEFT RVF BQBSFDFO FO FM UFYUP Z VCJDBMBT FO VO NBQB QMBOJTGFSJP 2. {1PS RVÏ TF QMBOUFB RVF MB DJVEBE IPZ EFCF TFS DPNQSFOEJEB EFTEF MB NVMUJDVMUVSBMJEBE 3. {$ØNP QPESÓBT SFMBDJPOBS MB NVMUJDVMUVSBMJEBE DPO FM GFOØNFOP EF MB HMPCBMJ[BDJØO Z MBT OVFWBT 5FDOPMPHÓBT EF MB *OGPSNBDJØO Z MB $PNVOJDBDJØO 4. {1PESÓBT EBS FKFNQMPT EF UV WJEB DPUJEJBOB FO MPT RVF TF SFGMFKF FM GFOØNFOP EF MB NVMUJDVMUVSBMJEBE 5. {2VÏ JNQPSUBODJB UJFOFO FO FTUF GFOØNFOP MPT QSPDFTPT NJHSBUPSJPT HMPCBMFT +VTUJGJDÈ UV SFTQVFTUB

PARDO .BSÓB 'BCJPMB i-B JONJHSBDJØO Z FM EFWFOJS EF MBT TPDJFEBEFT NVMUJDVMUVSBMFT QFSTQFDUJWBT QPMÓUJDBT Z UFØSJDBTw en 4VTBOB NOVICK DPNQ Las migraciones en América Latina. Políticas, culturas y estrategias, $BUÈMPHPT o$-"$40o "TEJ #VFOPT "JSFT %JTQPOJCMF FO IUUQ CJCMJPUFDBWJSUVBM DMBDTP PSH BS BS MJCSPT HSVQPT OPWJDL OPWJDL QEG <DPOTVMUBEP FM >

8 Metamorfosis del espacio habitado &O EPT TJHMPT MB QPCMBDJร O NVOEJBM TF IB WVFMUP VSCBOB FM EF MPT IBCJUBOUFT EFM QMBOFUB WJWF FO DJVEBEFT &TUP PCFEFDF B NVDIBT SB[POFT Z TF PCTFSWB DPO NBZPS JOUFOTJEBE FO MPT QBร TFT EFM 5FSDFS .VOEP La explotaciรณn urbana y metropolitana %FOUSP EF DBEB QBร T MB SFQBSUJDJร O HFPHSร GJDB EF MB QPCMBDJร O UBNCJร O DBNCJB $JFSUBT SFHJPOFT QJFSEFO QPCMBDJร O B GBWPS EF PUSBT Nร T EJOร NJDBT FO FM DBTP EF #SBTJM MB Qร SEJEB EF TVTUBODJB EFNPHSร GJDB EFM OPSEFTUF B GBWPS EFM TVEFTUF FT OPUPSJB QFSP MP FTFODJBM EFM NPWJNJFOUP TF EFCF B MB VSCBOJ[BDJร O "M DPOTJEFSBS FM QMBOFUB DPNP VO UPEP MB QPCMBDJร O VSCBOB SFQSFTFOUBCB BQFOBT FM EFM UPUBM B DPNJFO[PT EFM TJHMP XIX FO FTF QPSDFOUBKF FSB EFM RVF QBTB BM FO FO DFSDB EFM FO Z FO MPT &M GFOร NFOP EF MB VSCBOJ[BDJร O FT IPZ BWBTBMMBEPS FO MPT QBร TFT EFM 5FSDFS .VOEP -B QPCMBDJร O VSCBOB EF MPT QBร TFT EFTBSSPMMBEPT CBTBEB BQFOBT FO DJVEBEFT DPO Nร T EF WFJOUF NJM IBCJUBOUFT TF NVMUJQMJDB QPS FOUSF Z NJFOUSBT RVF FO MPT QBร TFT TVCEFTBSSPMMBEPT FM NVMUJQMJDBEPS TF BQSPYJNB BM "M SFUSBTP EF MB VSCBOJ[BDJร O FO MPT QBร TFT EFM iTVSw MF TJHVF VOB WFSEBEFSB SFWPMVDJร O VSCBOB &O FM DBTP EF #SBTJM MB QPCMBDJร O VSCBOB QSร DUJDBNFOUF TF NVMUJQMJDB QPS DJODP FO MPT ร MUJNPT Bร PT Z QPS Nร T EF USFT FO MPT ร MUJNPT Bร PT <y> La creaciรณn de un medio geogrรกfico artificial -PT DBNCJPT TPO DVBOUJUBUJWPT QFSP UBNCJร O DVBMJUBUJWPT 4J FO MPT JOJDJPT EF MPT UJFNQPT NPEFSOPT MBT DJVEBEFT Bร O DPOUBCBO DPO KBSEJOFT FTUP WB TJFOEP DBEB WF[ Nร T SBSP FM NFEJP VSCBOP FT DBEB WF[ Nร T VO NFEJP BSUJGJDJBM GBCSJDBEP DPO SFTUPT EF OBUVSBMF[B QSJNJUJWB DSFDJFOUFNFOUF FODVCJFSUPT QPS MBT PCSBT EF MPT IPNCSFT &M QBJTBKF DVMUVSBM TVCTUJUVZF BM QBJTBKF OBUVSBM Z MPT BSUFGBDUPT PDVQBO VO MVHBS DBEB WF[ Nร T BNQMJP EF MB TVQFSGJDJF EF MB UJFSSB $PO FM BVNFOUP EF MBT QPCMBDJPOFT VSCBOBT EFEJDBEBT B BDUJWJEBEFT UFSDJBSJBT Z TFDVOEBSJBT FM DBNQP UVWP RVF QSPEVDJS Nร T JOUFOTJWBNFOUF &O FM TJHMP XIX QBSB BMJNFOUBS B VOB QFSTPOB EF MB DJVEBE FSB OFDFTBSJP FM USBCBKP EF DFSDB EF TFTFOUB QFSTPOBT EFM DBNQP &TUB QSPQPSDJร O TF GVF NPEJGJDBOEP B MP MBSHP EF FTUPT EPT TJHMPT &O DJFSUPT QBร TFT IPZ IBZ VO IBCJUBOUF SVSBM QPS DBEB EJF[ VSCBOPT &O #SBTJM WBNPT IBDJB VOB QSPQPSDJร O TJNJMBS FO DJFSUBT SFHJPOFT DPNP FO MB NBZPS QBSUF EFM &TUBEP EF 4ร P 1BVMP -B BHSJDVMUVSB TF CFOFGJDJB FOUPODFT EF MPT QSPHSFTPT DJFOUร GJDPT Z UFDOPMร HJDPT RVF BTFHVSBO VOB QSPEVDDJร O NBZPS FO QPSDJPOFT EF UJFSSB NFOPSFT -PT QSPHSFTPT EF MB RVร NJDB Z MB HFOร UJDB DPOKVOUBNFOUF DPO MBT OVFWBT QPTJCJMJEBEFT DSFBEBT QPS MB NFDBOJ[BDJร O NVMUJQMJDBO MB QSPEVDUJWJEBE BHSร DPMB Z SFEVDFO MB OFDFTJEBE EF NBOP EF PCSB FO FM DBNQP -B VSCBOJ[BDJร O HBOB BTร VO OVFWP JNQVMTP Z FM FTQBDJP EFM IPNCSF UBOUP FO MBT DJVEBEFT DPNP FO FM DBNQP TF WVFMWF DBEB WF[ Nร T VO FTQBDJP JOTUSVNFOUBMJ[BEP DVMUVSJ[BEP UFDOJGJDBEP Z RVF DBEB WF[ USBCBKB Nร T TFHร O MPT EJDUร NFOFT EF MB DJFODJB <y>

ยฉ Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

SANTOS .JMUPO Metamorfosis del espacio habitado #BSDFMPOB 0JLPT 5BV %JTQPOJCMF FO IUUQ XXX TDSJCE DPN EPD 4BOUPT .JMUPO .FUBNPSGPTJT %FM &TQBDJP )BCJUBEP <DPOTVMUBEP FM >

Actividades 1. 3FBMJ[ร VO DVBESP EF EPCMF FOUSBEB EPOEF FYQPOHBT MPT EBUPT SFGFSJEPT B QPSDFOUBKFT EF QPCMBDJร O VSCBOB NVOEJBM QPS Bร PT 2. {$Vร M FT MB SFMBDJร O FOUSF MB VSCBOJ[BDJร O MB BHSJDVMUVSB Z MPT QSPHSFTPT DJFOUร GJDPT Z UFDOPMร HJDPT 3. {$Vร MFT TPO TFHร O FM BVUPS MBT DBSBDUFSร TUJDBT BDUVBMFT EF MB DJVEBE Z EFM DBNQP 4. {$Vร M FT MB EJGFSFODJB EFM DSFDJNJFOUP FO MB VSCBOJ[BDJร O EF MPT QBร TFT EFTBSSPMMBEPT Z EF MPT TVCEFTBSSPMMBEPT {1PS RVร DSFร T RVF FTUP FT BTร 'VOEBNFOUร UVT IJQร UFTJT

9 La definiciรณn de lo urbano -BT USBOTGPSNBDJPOFT TVGSJEBT QPS MBT DJVEBEFT EVSBOUF MPT ร MUJNPT EPT TJHMPT TF SFรฝFKBO UBNCJร O FO MPT Uร SNJOPT RVF VUJMJ[BNPT QBSB EFรฅOJSMBT Z DBSBDUFSJ[BSMBT

&M Sร QJEP SFQBTP <y> EF <y> MBT EFGJOJDJPOFT EF MP VSCBOP NVFTUSB MBT EJGJDVMUBEFT RVF QSFTFOUB FM JOUFOUBS BCTUSBFS MBT DBSBDUFSร TUJDBT FTFODJBMFT EF FTB SFBMJEBE NVMUJGPSNF B MB RVF MMBNBNPT DJVEBE -BT EJGJDVMUBEFT EFSJWBO BOUF UPEP EF MB EJWFSTJEBE EF TJUVBDJPOFT TPDJBMFT FO RVF BQBSFDF Z EF MB OFDFTJEBE EF JOUSPEVDJS MB QFSTQFDUJWB IJTUร SJDB FO TV DBSBDUFSJ[BDJร O &GFDUJWBNFOUF MP VSCBOP FT BOUF UPEP VOB SFBMJEBE DBNCJBOUF RVF QBSFDF IBCFS TVGSJEP NPEJGJDBDJPOFT FTFODJBMFT B MP MBSHP EF MB IJTUPSJB Z TPCSF UPEP B QBSUJS EF MB 3FWPMVDJร O *OEVTUSJBM 4PO NVDIPT MPT BVUPSFT RVF DPOTJEFSBO RVF MB EFGJOJDJร O EF MP VSCBOP TF IBDF EJGร DJM QPSRVF MB NJTNB OBUVSBMF[B EF MB DJVEBE IB DBNCJBEP B MP MBSHP EFM UJFNQP 4J IBTUB FM TJHMP XIX la ciudad era, FTFODJBMNFOUF VO DFOUSP BENJOJTUSBUJWP QPMร UJDP Z VO NFSDBEP Z TJ DPOTUJUVร B VOB VOJEBE FTQBDJBM CJFO EFGJOJEB QPS Mร NJUFT Gร TJDPT oMBT NVSBMMBTo Z BENJOJTUSBUJWPT B QBSUJS EFM TJHMP QBTBEP BERVJSJร FO BMHVOPT DBTPT GVODJPOFT JOEVTUSJBMFT Z TPCSF UPEP HSBDJBT B MB USBOTGPSNBDJร O EF MPT NFEJPT EF DPNVOJDBDJร O QVEP EJGVOEJSTF BNQMJBNFOUF QPS FM FTQBDJP DJSDVOEBOUF oBQBSFDJFOEP VOB OVFWB SFBMJEBE HFPHSร GJDB QBSB MB RVF IB IBCJEP RVF JOWFOUBS MB FYQSFTJร O EF iร SFB TVCVSCBOBwo B MB WF[ RVF TF EJGVOEร BO B UPEP FM FTQBDJP MBT QBVUBT EF DPNQPSUBNJFOUP FMBCPSBEBT FO MB ciudad. &T FTUF VO IFDIP EFM RVF TF IB UFOJEP DPODJFODJB EFTEF FM NJTNP TJHMP XIX FO RVF MB NBHOJUVE EF MBT USBOTGPSNBDJPOFT RVF TF FYQFSJNFOUBCBO FO MBT DJVEBEFT FVSPQFBT DPNFO[ร B MMBNBS MB BUFODJร O EF MPT DPOUFNQPSร OFPT " QBSUJS EF FTUF NPNFOUP B MB WF[ RVF MB DJVEBE Z MP VSCBOP TF DPOWJSUJFSPO FO PCKFUP EF SFGMFYJร O TVSHJร MB OFDFTJEBE EF JOWFOUBS OVFWBT QBMBCSBT RVF TJSWJFSBO QBSB EFTJHOBS MB OVFWB SFBMJEBE FTQBDJBM Z MPT QSJODJQJPT UFร SJDPT RVF QFSNJUJFSBO DPOUSPMBS TV EFTBSSPMMP -B iVSCBOJ[BDJร Ow FO TV EPCMF TFOUJEP EF QSPDFTP Z SFTVMUBEP <y> &TUB NJTNB OFDFTJEBE EF EJTUJOHVJS OJWFMFT JOUFSNFEJPT TF IB EBEP FO PUSPT NVDIPT DBTPT Z IB EFUFSNJOBEP EFTEF VO QVOUP EF WJTUB UFร SJDP MB BDVร BDJร O EF Uร SNJOPT DPNP TVCVSCBOP P QFSJVSCBOP Z EFTEF VO QVOUP EF WJTUB FTUBEร TUJDP B MB BQBSJDJร O EF FOUJEBEFT P EF FTQBDJPT DPOTJEFSBEPT DPNP iJOUFSNFEJPTw P iTFNJVSCBOPTw 5PEP QBSFDF DPOEVDJS B VOB DPODMVTJร O RVF TF OPT QSFTFOUB NVZ DMBSB 'SFOUF B MB BOUJHVB Z USBEJDJPOBM EJDPUPNร B RVF EJTUJOHVร B TJNQMFNFOUF FOUSF MP SVSBM Z MP VSCBOP EFCFNPT IPZ BDFQUBS VOB EJWFSTJEBE EF TJUVBDJPOFT DBSBDUFSJ[BEBT QPS VOB DPNQMFKJEBE DSFDJFOUF EFTEF FM QVOUP EF WJTUB EF MB PSHBOJ[BDJร O FTQBDJBM %F IFDIP EFTEF VO QVOUP EF WJTUB FTUBEร TUJDP MB JOUSPEVDDJร O EF MB OPDJร O EF ร SFB NFUSPQPMJUBOB oP MB EF DJVEBE SFHJร Oo EFTEF VO QVOUP EF WJTUB UFร SJDP Nร T BNQMJP DPOUSJCVZF B EFKBS TJO WBMPS MB BOUJHVB EJDPUPNร B SVSBM VSCBOB ZB RVF FYJTUF VOB DPJODJEFODJB HFOFSBM FO BDFQUBS RVF FO FM ร SFB NFUSPQPMJUBOB TF JODMVZFO UBNCJร O UFSSJUPSJPT SVSBMFT -B EJTUJODJร O TF FTUBCMFDF FOUPODFT FOUSF SFHJPOFT NFUSPQPMJUBOBT Z OP NFUSPQPMJUBOBT BVORVF FMMP OP EFKB EF QMBOUFBS BMHVOPT QSPCMFNBT

Actividades 1. 2. 3. 4.

{2Vร DBSBDUFSร TUJDBT QPTFF MB DJVEBE DPNP FTQBDJP {2Vร EJGFSFODJBT FYJTUFO FOUSF MB DJVEBE BOUFSJPS BM TJHMP XIX Z MB QPTUFSJPS {$Vร MFT TPO MBT EJTUJOUBT iQBMBCSBTw RVF GVF OFDFTBSJP JOWFOUBS QBSB FYQMJDBS MPT OVFWPT QSPDFTPT $PO MB JOGPSNBDJร O RVF WJTUF FO FM MJCSP Z DPO PUSB RVF FODVFOUSFT FO *OUFSOFU JOUFOUร EFGJOJS DBEB VOB EF FTUBT OVFWBT QBMBCSBT 5. #VTDร FO FM MJCSP FKFNQMPT EF MBT TJUVBDJPOFT RVF EFTDSJCF FM BVUPS EF FTUF UFYUP 6. {$ร NP DBMJGJDBSร BT B MB DJVEBE FO MB RVF WJWร T TFHร O TV NBHOJUVE Z TV QPCMBDJร O {1PEร T SFDPOPDFS FO FMMB FTUPT FTQBDJPT QFSJVSCBOPT B MPT RVF TF SFGJFSF $BQFM

ยฉ Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

CAPEL )PSBDJP i-B EFGJOJDJร O EF MP VSCBOPw FO Estudios geogrรกficos O ย O ย FTQFDJBM )PNFOBKF BM 1SPGFTPS .BOVFM EF 5FSร O GFCSFSP NBZP EF

10 Sobre el aprovechamiento de energías naturales &T QSPCBCMF RVF FO VO GVUVSP QSØYJNP MBT FOFSHÓBT GØTJMFT TF UPSOFO FYDFTJWBNFOUF DPTUPTBT BEFNÈT EF TFS DPOUBNJOBOUFT 4V SFFNQMB[P WFOESÓB EF QSPZFDUPT RVF BQSPWFDIBO TPCSF UPEP MB FOFSHÓB EFM BHVB Z EFM WJFOUP

&T DPOPDJEB MB EFQFOEFODJB RVF FYQFSJNFOUBO MBT FDPOPNÓBT EFTBSSPMMBEBT P FO WÓBT EF EFTBSSPMMP SFTQFDUP EF MBT NBUFSJBT QSJNBT OP SFOPWBCMFT Z DPOUBNJOBOUFT oMBT FOFSHÓBT GØTJMFTo Z TPO OVNFSPTPT MPT EFCBUFT RVF TF EJSJHFO QPS VO MBEP B GSFOBS FM EFUFSJPSP BNCJFOUBM Z QPS PUSP B FYQMPSBS BMUFSOBUJWBT B EJDIB EFQFOEFODJB RVF QFSNJUBO MB TVTUJUVDJØO QBSDJBM EF MBT FOFSHÓBT GØTJMFT QPS NFEJP EFM BQSPWFDIBNJFOUP EF FOFSHÓBT SFOPWBCMFT Z OP DPOUBNJOBOUFT "MHVOBT UFPSÓBT TF×BMBO RVF MB FSB EF MBT FOFSHÓBT GÈDJMFT Z CBSBUBT FTUÈ MMFHBOEP B TV GJO FNQF[BOEP QPS MB DPOPDJEB DVSWB EF )VCCFSU RVF ZB OBEJF QBSFDF QPOFS FO EVEB IBTUB PUSBT RVF QSFTFOUBO SBTHPT DJFSUBNFOUF ESBNÈUJDPT DPNP MB UFPSÓB EFM blackout BQBHØO EF 3JDIBSE $ %VODBO 4FHÞO FTUBT MB FSB EFM QFUSØMFP oZ QPS FYUFOTJØO MB FSB EF MBT GVFOUFT EF FOFSHÓB GØTJMFTo OP EFKBSÓB EF DPOTUJUVJS VOB iBOPNBMÓB IJTUØSJDBw FO MB USBZFDUPSJB EF MB )VNBOJEBE 7PDFT BVUPSJ[BEBT BGJSNBO RVF FO DVFTUJØO EF QPDPT B×PT EFCFSFNPT BEBQUBSOPT B MP RVF ZB QBSFDF JSSFWFSTJCMF OP FT RVF FM QFUSØMFP FM HBT OBUVSBM Z FM DBSCØO TF BDBCFO TJOP RVF ZB OP WPMWFSÈO B TFS EF GÈDJM PCUFODJØO OJ TVT QSFDJPT TFSÈO BTFRVJCMFT QBSB VO CVFO OÞNFSP EF FDPOPNÓBT OBDJPOBMFT 1FSP B QFTBS EF EJDIBT UFPSÓBT Z EF MBT QFSTQFDUJWBT TPCSF FM GJO EF MB FSB EFM QFUSØMFP GÈDJM Z CBSBUP Z B QFTBS UBNCJÏO EF MBT DBNQB×BT EF TFOTJCJMJ[BDJØO TPCSF FM EFUFSJPSP EFM NFEJPBNCJFOUF MBT QSFWJTJPOFT TF×BMBO RVF BVNFOUBSÈO MBT EJGJDVMUBEFT EF FYUSBDDJØO EF MBT FOFSHÓBT GØTJMFT Z RVF TV QSFDJP OP EFKBSÈ EF JODSFNFOUBSTF QFSP RVF QBSBMFMBNFOUF MB EFNBOEB EF FTBT USFT GVFOUFT EF FOFSHÓB GØTJMFT DPOUJOVBSÈ TV UFOEFODJB BM BVNFOUP &O FTUF DPOUFYUP MB JOJDJBUJWB EF VO HSVQP EF FNQSFTBT QSPEVDUPSBT EF FMFDUSJDJEBE HBMMFHBT TF IB EF TBMVEBS DPNP VO JOUFOUP EF TBMJS BM NFOPT QBSDJBMNFOUF EF MB EFQFOEFODJB EF MBT FOFSHÓBT OP SFOPWBCMFT NFEJBOUF MB VUJMJ[BDJØO EFM QPUFODJBM EF MBT SFOPWBCMFT FTFODJBMNFOUF MBT QSPDFEFOUFT EF MB GVFS[B DJOÏUJDB EFM BHVB Z MB EF MPT WJFOUPT B MBT RVF TF IB VOJEP SFDJFOUFNFOUF BVORVF FO VOB FTDBMB NFOPS MB VUJMJ[BDJØO EF MB FOFSHÓB QSPDFEFOUF EF MB USBOTGPSNBDJØO EF MB CJPNBTB 1PS PUSP MBEP MB FSB EF MBT HSBOEFT SFBMJ[BDJPOFT QBSB MB PCUFODJØO EF FOFSHÓB IJESPFMÏDUSJDB QBSFDF IBCFS MMFHBEP B TV UFDIP QPS EPT SB[POFT QSJODJQBMFT MB TPCSFVUJMJ[BDJØO EF NVDIBT DVFODBT IJESPMØHJDBT Z MPT SFRVFSJNJFOUPT NFEJPBNCJFOUBMFT QSPDFEFOUFT EF OVFWBT TFOTJCJMJEBEFT IBDJB FTB DVFTUJØO &O FTUF MJCSP TF NVFTUSB RVF NÈT RVF HSBOEFT FTUSVDUVSBT IJESÈVMJDBT QBSB MBT RVF TFSÓBO OFDFTBSJBT DPTUPTBT JOWFSTJPOFT FDPOØNJDBT Z MB EFTUSVDDJØO DSFDJFOUF EFM QBUSJNPOJP FDPMØHJDP MB BDUJWJEBE FO FM TFDUPS FMÏDUSJDP FO (BMJDJB QBSFDF DFOUSBSTF FO MBT BDDJPOFT B QFRVF×B FTDBMB RVF QVFEFO DPOTUJUVJS VOB TBMJEB B MBT EJGÓDJMFT DJSDVOTUBODJBT DSFBEBT QPS MB OFDFTJEBE EF PCUFOFS FOFSHÓB GÈDJM Z CBSBUB QBSB BCBTUFDFS VO NFSDBEP RVF TF EJTUJOHVF QPS TV EJTQFSTJØO FO FM UFSSJUPSJP <y>

ARROYO .FSDFEFT i6OB FYQFSJFODJB QBSB FM BQSPWFDIBNJFOUP EF MBT FOFSHÓBT OBUVSBMFTw en Biblio 3W SFWJTUB CJCMJPHSÈGJDB EF (FPHSBGÓB Z $JFODJBT TPDJBMFT 6OJWFSTJEBE EF #BSDFMPOB WPM 97 O KVFWFT EF OPWJFNCSF EF %JTQPOJCMF FO IUUQ XXX VC FT HFPDSJU C X IUN <DPOTVMUBEP FM >

Actividades 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

{$VÈM FT FM UFNB RVF BCPSEB FTUF UFYUP {2VÏ FOFSHÓBT SFOPWBCMFT TPO NFODJPOBEBT {$VÈMFT TPO MBT QSPCMFNÈUJDBT EF MB FOFSHÓB IJESPFMÏDUSJDB "WFSJHVÈ FO *OUFSOFU EF RVÏ TF USBUB MB FOFSHÓB QSPDFEFOUF EF MB USBOTGPSNBDJØO EF MB CJPNBTB *OWFTUJHÈ FO *OUFSOFU RVÏ UJQPT EF FOFSHÓBT TF VUJMJ[BO FO OVFTUSP QBÓT JODMVZFOEP MBT SFOPWBCMFT " QBSUJS EF FTB JOGPSNBDJØO CVTDÈ EBUPT TPCSF FTUF UJQP EF FOFSHÓB {DVÈMFT TPO MBT VUJMJ[BEBT {&O EØOEF {2VÏ QPSDFOUBKF SFQSFTFOUBO EF MB QSPEVDDJØO FOFSHÏUJDB UPUBM {2VÏ QPMÓUJDBT FYJTUFO BM SFTQFDUP

11 Los cambios climáticos &T QPTJCMF QSFEFDJS B HSBOEFT SBTHPT MPT DBNCJPT DMJNÈUJDPT RVF PDVSSJSÈO FO MBT QSØYJNBT EÏDBEBT P BM NFOPT TVT QSJODJQBMFT UFOEFODJBT QPS MP NFOPT B FTDBMB HMPCBM ¿Y el futuro? &M OJWFM BM RVF MMFHBSÈO MBT DPODFOUSBDJPOFT EF MPT (&* <HBTFT EF FGFDUP JOWFSOBEFSP> WB B EFQFOEFS EF OVNFSPTPT GBDUPSFT DVZB QSFEJDDJØO FT CBTUBOUF DPNQMFKB UBMFT DPNP FM DSFDJNJFOUP FDPOØNJDP FM EFTBSSPMMP IBDJB VOB TPDJFEBE DPO NBZPS P NFOPS FRVJEBE FM DSFDJNJFOUP EFNPHSÈGJDP Z MPT DBNCJPT UFDOPMØHJDPT 4F QVFEFO DPOTUSVJS UBOUPT FTDFOBSJPT DPNP DPNCJOBDJPOFT QPTJCMFT EF MPT GBDUPSFT EFUFSNJOBOUFT EF MBT FNJTJPOFT EF (&* TJO NBZPS DFSUF[B TPCSF DVÈM IB EF TFS FM RVF SFBMNFOUF PDVSSB 6O UJQP EF FTDFOBSJP FT FM RVF TVQPOF RVF TF WBO B NBOUFOFS BQSPYJNBEBNFOUF MBT UFOEFODJBT BDUVBMFT FO MPT GBDUPSFT EFUFSNJOBOUFT EF MBT FNJTJPOFT EF (&* &O NFOPT EF VO TJHMP FTUF FTDFOBSJP MMFWBSÓB MBT DPODFOUSBDJPOFT EF EJØYJEP EF DBSCPOP B NÈT EFM USJQMF EF MBT DPODFOUSBDJPOFT QSFJOEVTUSJBMFT MBT EFM NFUBOP B DJODP WFDFT NÈT Z MBT EFM OJUSPTP B casi el doble. {$VÈOUP Z DØNP TFSÈ FM JNQBDUP FO FM DMJNB Z DØNP FTUBSÈ EJTUSJCVJEP HFPHSÈGJDBNFOUF 1BSB DPOUFTUBS FTUBT QSFHVOUBT MB ÞOJDB NFUPEPMPHÓB WÈMJEB BVORVF BVO JNQFSGFDUB FT MB EF TJNVMBS FM DMJNB DPO NPEFMPT Z SFBMJ[BS FYQFSJNFOUPT DPO EJTUJOUPT FTDFOBSJPT QPTJCMFT EF DPODFOUSBDJØO EF (&* &TUPT NPEFMPT SFQSFTFOUBO NBUFNÈUJDBNFOUF MPT QSPDFTPT GÓTJDPT EFM NBS MB BUNØTGFSB FM TVFMP Z MB DSJPTGFSB Z TJNVMBO TV FWPMVDJØO UFNQPSBM NFEJBOUF FM VTP EF HSBOEFT DPNQVUBEPSBT 4PMP MPT NPEFMPT NÈT FMBCPSBEPT IBO TJEP DBQBDFT EF TJNVMBS B QBSUJS EF MB FWPMVDJØO EF MBT DPODFOUSBDJPOFT EF MPT (&* MPT DBNCJPT DMJNÈUJDPT PCTFSWBEPT EVSBOUF FM ÞMUJNP TJHMP B FTDBMB HMPCBM &TUP HFOFSB DJFSUB DPOGJBO[B FO TV DBQBDJEBE QSFEJDUJWB 1BSB FO RVF TF EVQMJDBSÓB MB DPODFOUSBDJØO EF EJØYJEP EF DBSCPOP FTUPT NPEFMPT QSPOPTUJDBO VO DBMFOUBNJFOUP EF FOUSF B HSBEPT FO MB UFNQFSBUVSB HMPCBM EF TVQFSGJDJF DPO NBZPS DBMFOUBNJFOUP FO MBT MBUJUVEFT BMUBT Z FO JOWJFSOP GVOEBNFOUBMNFOUF FO MPT DPOUJOFOUFT EFM IFNJTGFSJP OPSUF EPOEF IBCSÓB [POBT DPO NÈT EF $ EF DBMFOUBNJFOUP .ÈT BMMÈ EF FM DBMFOUBNJFOUP QVFEF TFS NVDIP NBZPS Z EFQFOEFSÈ DSÓUJDBNFOUF EF MB FWPMVDJØO GVUVSB EF MBT FNJTJPOFT

4F TBCF RVF FM DBMFOUBNJFOUP OP TFSÈ VOJGPSNF HFPHSÈGJDBNFOUF Z PDBTJPOBSÈ DBNCJPT FO MPT BDUVBMFT HSBEJFOUFT EF UFNQFSBUVSB Z FO DPOTFDVFODJB BMUFSBSÈ MB DJSDVMBDJØO EF MPT WJFOUPT MB EJTUSJCVDJØO EF MBT QSFDJQJUBDJPOFT Z MBT DPSSJFOUFT NBSJOBT 4J CJFO MPT NPEFMPT TPO DPOTJTUFOUFT FOUSF TÓ FO TVT QSFEJDDJPOFT QBSB MB FTDBMB HMPCBM QSFTFOUBO HSBOEFT EJGFSFODJBT FO MB FTDBMB SFHJPOBM 1PS FMMP OP TF UJFOF BM QSFTFOUF VOB IFSSBNJFOUB BEFDVBEB QBSB FTUVEJBS MPT JNQBDUPT EFM DBNCJP DMJNÈUJDP B FTDBMB SFHJPOBM &TUP FT VO JNQPSUBOUF MJNJUBOUF FO MPT FTUVEJPT EF WVMOFSBCJMJEBE ZB RVF MB NBZPS QBSUF EF MPT QSPCBCMFT JNQBDUPT FDPMØHJDPT FDPOØNJDPT Z TPDJBMFT TPO EF FTB FTDBMB 4JO FNCBSHP MPT NPEFMPT TPO DPOTJTUFOUFT FO MB QSFEJDDJØO EF BMHVOPT BTQFDUPT 1BSB el siglo XXI FO FTDBMB HMPCBM TF FTQFSB VO BVNFOUP EF MB JOUFOTJEBE EFM DJDMP IJESPMØHJDP DPO NBZPSFT QSFDJQJUBDJPOFT BVORVF FO BMHVOBT SFHJPOFT QVFEB EBSTF MP DPOUSBSJP 4F FTQFSB UBNCJÏO VOB NBZPS GSFDVFODJB F JOUFOTJEBE EF MPT GFOØNFOPT BTPDJBEPT B MBT QSFDJQJUBDJPOFT JOUFOTBT DPTB RVF ZB FTUÈ PDVSSJFOEP BARROS 7JDFOUF i%F MB GÓTJDB B MB QPMÓUJDBw FO Encrucijadas O #VFOPT "JSFT BHPTUP EF

Actividades 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

{2VÏ NFUPEPMPHÓB TF VUJMJ[B QBSB QSFEFDJS FM DMJNB EFM GVUVSP {$VÈMFT TPO MBT FTUJNBDJPOFT DPO SFTQFDUP B MBT UFNQFSBUVSBT {2VÏ QBSUFT EFM QMBOFUB TVGSJSÈO MPT DBNCJPT DPO NBZPS JOUFOTJEBE {2VÏ JNQBDUPT TF FTQFSBO Z RVÏ FGFDUPT BVO TPO EFTDPOPDJEPT 4FHÞO FM BVUPS {QPS RVÏ FTUPT DBNCJPT EFTDPOPDJEPT TPO JNQPSUBOUFT

Impactos esperados

12 La Cumbre de Cancún logra sortear la amenaza del fracaso

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15 Sobre las mujeres migrantes $VÈMFT TPO MBT DBVTBT Z MBT DBSBDUFSÓTUJDBT EF MB NJHSBDJØO JOUFSOBDJPOBM FO MB BDUVBMJEBE Z FM SPM RVF FO FMMB EFTFNQF×BO MBT NVKFSFT FT FM UFNB EF FTUF UFYUP

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Actividades 1. &O FM BSUÓDVMP MB BVUPSB SFMBDJPOB MB UFNÈUJDB EF MBT NJHSBDJPOFT FM NFSDBEP EF USBCBKP Z MB HMPCBMJ[BDJØO {$ØNP FYQMJDBSÓBT DPO UVT QBMBCSBT FTB SFMBDJØO 2. 3FBMJ[È VOB MJTUB EF DBVTBT RVF HFOFSBO QSPDFTPT NJHSBUPSJPT FO MPT QBÓTFT EF PSJHFO Z PUSB RVF DPSSFTQPOEB B MPT QBÓTFT EF EFTUJOP 3. {2VÏ GFOØNFOP OVFWP EFOUSP EF MB NPWJMJEBE EF MB QPCMBDJØO QMBOUFB MB BVUPSB {2VÏ DBSBDUFSÓTUJDBT UJFOF FTUB NJHSBDJØO 4. *OWFTUJHÈ VUJMJ[BOEP *OUFSOFU DØNP FT FM GFOØNFOP EF MB JONJHSBDJØO FO OVFTUSP QBÓT DVÈMFT TPO MPT QBÓTFT EF EØOEF QSPWJFOF MB NBZPSÓB EF MPT NJHSBOUFT Z RVÏ QPSDFOUBKF EF FMMPT TPO NVKFSFT 4J FT QPTJCMF USBUÈ EF DPSSPCPSBS FTUB UFOEFODJB RVF TF×BMB (MPSJB $BNBDIP

CAMACHO (MPSJB Mujeres migrantes. Trayectoria laboral y perspectiva de desarrollo humano, #VFOPT "JSFT $-"$40 PDUVCSF EF %JTQPOJCMF FO IUUQ XXX NPOEF EJQMPNBUJRVF FT <DPOTVMUBEP FM >

16 La inmigraciรณn en la ciudad de Barcelona %FTUJOP USBEJDJPOBM QBSB MPT NJHSBOUFT FTQBร PMFT MB DJVEBE DBUBMBOB TF IB DPOWFSUJEP FO VO MVHBS EF BUSBDDJร O QBSB MB JONJHSBDJร O JOUFSOBDJPOBM

<y> %FNPHSร GJDBNFOUF MB ร MUJNB Eร DBEB EFM TJHMP XX IB TJHOJGJDBEP QBSB MB DJVEBE EF #BSDFMPOB FM SFUPSOP EF MB JONJHSBDJร O DPNP GFOร NFOP EFUFSNJOBOUF FO TV EFTBSSPMMP 4J MB DPOKVODJร O EF VOB OBUBMJEBE RVF TF NBOUJFOF FO OJWFMFT CBKPT EF VOB NPSUBMJEBE RVF DSFDF MJHFSBNFOUF B DBVTB EFM FOWFKFDJNJFOUP Z EF VOB NPWJMJEBE JOUFSVSCBOB RVF DPOUJOร B HFOFSBOEP EFTEF NFEJBEPT EF MPT VOB Qร SEJEB EF QPCMBDJร O IBDJB MPT NVOJDJQJPT WFDJOPT BDBCBCB QSPWPDBOEP VO DPOUJOVP EFDSFDJNJFOUP EFM Oร NFSP GJOBM EF SFTJEFOUFT MB JSSVQDJร O EF MB JONJHSBDJร O JOUFSOBDJPOBM FO FTUPT ร MUJNPT Bร PT BDUร B FRVJMJCSBOEP MB CBMBO[B EFNPHSร GJDB CBSDFMPOFTB F JODMVTP USBOTGPSNBOEP FM TJHOP EF MB FWPMVDJร O RVF EFTQVร T EF VO QBS EF Eร DBEBT WVFMWF B TFS QPTJUJWP &TUF NPWJNJFOUP JONJHSBUPSJP BM DPOUSBSJP RVF FM DPOPDJEP EVSBOUF MPT Bร PT Z EFM TJHMP XX, o bien MPT Bร PT Z EFM NJTNP TJHMP QSFTFOUB DPNP SBTHP TJOHVMBS FM IFDIP EF RVF FTUร QSPUBHPOJ[BEP QPS QPCMBDJร O EF OBDJPOBMJEBE FYUSBOKFSB "Tร QPEFNPT DBSBDUFSJ[BS FTUB OVFWB JONJHSBDJร O DPNP BNQMJBDJร O USBOTGSPOUFSJ[B EF NPWJNJFOUPT BOUFSJPSFT DOMINGO, BAYONA Z Lร PEZ EVSBOUF FM QSJNFS UFSDJP EFM TJHMP QBTBEP MPT GMVKPT FSBO PSJHJOBEPT FO MBT QSPWJODJBT Nร T DFSDBOBT TPCSF UPEP EF "SBHร O Z 7BMFODJB FO MPT Bร PT Z TF FYUJFOEFO BM DPOKVOUP EF &TQBร B DPO FTQFDJBM JODJEFODJB FO "OEBMVDร B PSJFOUBM &TUB SFDJFOUF JONJHSBDJร O JOUFSOBDJPOBM FOMB[B DPO FM QSPDFTP NJHSBUPSJP TFDVMBS QSPDFEFOUF EFM SFTUP EF $BUBMVร B Z PUSBT SFHJPOFT FTQBร PMBT CABRร Z MUร OZ, EFTQVร T EFM JOUFSMVEJP RVF SFQSFTFOUร MPT FGFDUPT EF MB DSJTJT FDPOร NJDB Z FM QSPDFTP EF TVCVSCBOJ[BDJร O EVSBOUF MB Eร DBEB EF MPT Z <y> &TUB OVFWB JONJHSBDJร O TF FODVFOUSB FO VO DPOUFYUP NVOEJBM EF DSFDJNJFOUP EF MB NPWJMJEBE DBSBDUFSร TUJDB EFM DBNCJP FDPOร NJDP RVF TF DPOPDF DPNP HMPCBMJ[BDJร O Z FO FM NBSDP EF VOPT QBร TFT TVS FVSPQFPT RVF TF JODPSQPSBO MFOUBNFOUF Z B QBSUJS EF GJOBMFT EF MPT Z QSJODJQJPT EF MPT B MB EJOร NJDB JONJHSBUPSJB DPOPDJEB QPS FM SFTUP EFM DPOUJOFOUF EFTEF NFEJBEPT EFM TJHMP XX QBร TFT RVF FO MPT Bร PT JONFEJBUPT TF IBO DPOGJHVSBEP DPNP MPT SFDFQUPSFT Nร T JNQPSUBOUFT EF GMVKPT NJHSBUPSJPT FO FM DPOUJOFOUF FVSPQFP <y> -B MBUJOPBNFSJDBOJ[BDJร O EF MPT GMVKPT EF NBOFSB TJNJMBS B MP TVDFEJEP FO FM DPOKVOUP EF &TQBร B <y> FT FM FMFNFOUP Nร T JNQPSUBOUF FO MB WBSJBDJร O EF MB DPNQPTJDJร O EF MB QPCMBDJร O FYUSBOKFSB DPOKVOUBNFOUF DPO VO GVFSUF SFKVWFOFDJNJFOUP QSPWPDBEP QPS MB DPODFOUSBDJร O FO MBT FEBEFT QSPUBHPOJTUBT EF VOPT GMVKPT NJHSBUPSJPT SFDJFOUFT Z MB NBTDVMJOJ[BDJร O UBNCJร O EFSJWBEB EF MB BDFMFSBDJร O EF MPT GMVKPT Z EF MPT QSPDFTPT EF SFHVMBSJ[BDJร O EF Z Nร T FWJEFOUF BM QBSUJS EF VOB TJUVBDJร O DBSBDUFSJ[BEB FO QPS MB JNQPSUBODJB EF MBT NVKFSFT FOUSF MB QPCMBDJร O JONJHSBEB "Tร B JOJDJPT EF FM EF MB QPCMBDJร O FYUSBOKFSB FT EF OBDJPOBMJEBEFT BNFSJDBOBT VO FVSPQFB FOUSF FMMPT VO TPO FVSPQFPT DPNVOJUBSJPT VO BTJร UJDPT Z VO FTDBTP BGSJDBOPT <y>

ยฉ Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

BAYONA CARRASCO +PSEJ i-B TFHSFHBDJร O SFTJEFODJBM EF MB QPCMBDJร O FYUSBOKFSB FO #BSDFMPOB {6OB TFHSFHBDJร O GSBHNFOUBEB w en Scripta Nova SFWJTUB FMFDUSร OJDB EF (FPHSBGร B Z $JFODJBT TPDJBMFT 6OJWFSTJEBE EF #BSDFMPOB WPM 9* O ย KVFWFT EF NBS[P EF %JTQPOJCMF FO IUUQ XXX VC FEV HFPDSJU TO TO IUN <DPOTVMUBEP FM >

Actividades 1. &O VO NBQB EF &VSPQB VCJDร MB DJVEBE EF #BSDFMPOB 2. 4FHร O FM UFYUP {RVร TVDFEF DPO MB OBUBMJEBE MB NPSUBMJEBE Z FM FOWFKFDJNJFOUP FO #BSDFMPOB 3. $PNQBSร MB JOGPSNBDJร O EFM UFYUP DPO MP WJTUP FO FM MJCSP Z SFTQPOEร {FTUF DPOUFYUP FT DBSBDUFSร TUJDP EF &VSPQB FO HFOFSBM {1PS RVร 4. &YQMJDร QPS RVร FM BVUPS IBCMB EF VOB FYQBOTJร O USBOTGSPOUFSJ[B EF NPWJNJFOUPT BOUFSJPSFT FO #BScelona. 5. {2Vร FGFDUP EFNPHSร GJDP IB QSPEVDJEP MB MBUJOPBNFSJDBOJ[BDJร O EF MPT GMVKPT JONJHSBUPSJPT

17 Cรณmo poner fin a la pobreza &TUF UFYUP BQPSUB VOB NJSBEB EJGFSFOUF TPCSF MB QPCSF[B Z BOBMJ[B MB SFTQPOTBCJMJEBE EF MPT QBร TFT DFOUSBMFT FO MB TJUVBDJร O EFM 5FSDFS .VOEP

<y> &T ร UJM TFQBSBS VO DPODFQUP DVMUVSBM EF VOB WJEB TJNQMF Z TPTUFOJCMF FOUFOEJEB DPNP QPCSF[B EF MB FYQFSJFODJB NBUFSJBM EF MB QPCSF[B DPNP SFTVMUBEP EFM EFTQPTFJNJFOUP Z MB DBSFODJB -B QPCSF[B QFSDJCJEB DPNP UBM EFTEF VOB QFSTQFDUJWB DVMUVSBM OP OFDFTJUB TFS VOB QPCSF[B NBUFSJBM SFBM MBT FDPOPNร BT EF TVCTJTUFODJB RVF TBUJTGBDFO MBT OFDFTJEBEFT Cร TJDBT NFEJBOUF FM BVUPBQSPWJTJPOBNJFOUP OP TPO QPCSFT FO FM TFOUJEP DBSFODJBM EFM Uร SNJOP 4JO FNCBSHP MB JEFPMPHร B EFM EFTBSSPMMP MBT EFDMBSB QPCSFT QPS OP QBSUJDJQBS EF GPSNB QSFEPNJOBOUF FO MB FDPOPNร B EF NFSDBEP Z QPS OP DPOTVNJS CJFOFT QSPEVDJEPT FO FM NFSDBEP NVOEJBM Z EJTUSJCVJEPT QPS ร M JODMVTP BVORVF QVFEBO FTUBS TBUJTGBDJFOEP MBT NJTNBT OFDFTJEBEFT NFEJBOUF NFDBOJTNPT EF BVUPBQSPWJTJPOBNJFOUP 4F QFSDJCF B MB HFOUF DPNP QPCSF TJ DPNFO NJKP DVMUJWBEP QPS MBT NVKFSFT FO MVHBS EF MB DPNJEB CBTVSB QSPDFTBEB RVF FT QSPEVDJEB Z EJTUSJCVJEB EF GPSNB NFSDBOUJM QPS MPT BHSPOFHPDJPT HMPCBMFT 4F MPT WF DPNP QPCSFT TJ WJWFO FO WJWJFOEBT IFDIBT QPS FMMPT NJTNPT B QBSUJS EF NBUFSJBMFT FDPMร HJDPT DPNP FM CBNCร Z FM CBSSP FO MVHBS EF IBDFSMP FO DBTBT EF DFNFOUP 4F MPT WF DPNP QPCSFT TJ MMFWBO SPQB IFDIB B NBOP B QBSUJS EF GJCSBT OBUVSBMFT FO MVHBS EF TJOUร UJDBT -B TVCTJTUFODJB QFSDJCJEB DVMUVSBMNFOUF DPNP QPCSF[B OP JNQMJDB OFDFTBSJBNFOUF VOB CBKB DBMJEBE EF WJEB Gร TJDB 1PS FM DPOUSBSJP QPSRVF MBT FDPOPNร BT EF TVCTJTUFODJB DPOUSJCVZFO BM DSFDJNJFOUP EF MB FDPOPNร B EF MB OBUVSBMF[B Z EF MB FDPOPNร B TPDJBM BTFHVSBO VOB FMFWBEB DBMJEBE EF WJEB FO Uร SNJOPT EF BMJNFOUPT Z BHVB TPTUFOJCJMJEBE EF MPT NFEJPT EF WJEB Z VOB SPCVTUB JEFOUJEBE Z TJHOJGJDBEP TPDJBM Z DVMUVSBM 1PS PUSP MBEP MB QPCSF[B EF VO CJMMร O EF QFSTPOBT IBNCSJFOUBT Z EF VO CJMMร O EF QFSTPOBT EFGJDJFOUFNFOUF BMJNFOUBEBT Wร DUJNBT EF MB PCFTJEBE BEPMFDF UBOUP EF QPCSF[B NBUFSJBM DPNP DVMUVSBM 6O TJTUFNB RVF DSFB MB OFHBDJร O Z MB FOGFSNFEBE NJFOUSBT BDVNVMB USJMMPOFT EF Eร MBSFT EF NFHBCFOFGJDJPT QBSB MPT BHSPOFHPDJPT FT VO TJTUFNB EJTFร BEP QBSB DSFBS MB QPCSF[B QBSB MB HFOUF -B QPCSF[B FT VO FTUBEP GJOBM OP VO FTUBEP JOJDJBM EF VO QBSBEJHNB FDPOร NJDP FM DVBM EFTUSVZF MPT TJTUFNBT FDPMร HJDPT Z TPDJBMFT RVF NBOUJFOFO MB WJEB MB TBMVE Z MB TPTUFOJCJMJEBE EFM QMBOFUB Z EF MB HFOUF <y> 1POFS GJO B MB QPCSF[B SFRVJFSF DPOPDFS MPT NFDBOJTNPT QPS MPT DVBMFT TF DSFB <y> -BT SJRVF[BT BDVNVMBEBT QPS &VSPQB TF CBTBSPO FO MBT SJRVF[BT BSSFCBUBEBT B "TJB ยซGSJDB Z -BUJOPBNร SJDB Z FM $BSJCF 4JO MB EFTUSVDDJร O EF MB SJDB JOEVTUSJB UFYUJM EF MB *OEJB TJO MB BQBSJDJร O EFM DPNFSDJP EF FTQFDJBT TJO FM HFOPDJEJP EF MBT USJCVT JOEร HFOBT BNFSJDBOBT TJO MB FTDMBWJUVE BGSJDBOB MB SFWPMVDJร O JOEVTUSJBM OP IBCSร B DSFBEP OVFWBT SJRVF[BT QBSB &VSPQB P MPT &TUBEPT 6OJEPT 'VF MB WJPMFOUB BCTPSDJร O EF MPT SFDVSTPT EFM 5FSDFS .VOEP Z EF MPT NFSDBEPT EFM 5FSDFS .VOEP MP RVF DSFร MB SJRVF[B FO FM /PSUF QFSP TJNVMUร OFBNFOUF DSFร MB QPCSF[B FO FM 4VS (*) N. del E.: segรบn la convenciรณn adoptada por los Estados Unidos de Amรฉrica, un billรณn son mil millones (1.000.000.000). Y un trillรณn son un millรณn de millones (1.000.000.000.000).

Actividades 1. &YQMJDร MB EJGFSFODJB FO FM DPODFQUP EF QPCSF[B EFTEF VOB QFSTQFDUJWB DVMUVSBM Z EFTEF VOB NBUFSJBM 2. {2Vร BSHVNFOUPT EF 7BOEBOB 4IJWB TJSWFO QBSB DPNQSFOEFS MB TJHVJFOUF GSBTF iMB QPCSF[B Z MB SJRVF[B TPO QBSUF EFM NJTNP QSPDFTPw 3. {4F UF PDVSSFO PUSPT FKFNQMPT QBSB FYQMJDBS FTUB BGJSNBDJร O P QBSB SFGVUBSMB 4. {2Vร WFOUBKBT FODVFOUSB 7BOEBOB 4IJWB FO MBT FDPOPNร BT EF TVCTJTUFODJB {1PS RVร DPOTJEFSB RVF OP QVFEFO DPOTJEFSBSTF QPCSFT FO FM TFOUJEP DBSFODJBM EFM Uร SNJOP

ยฉ Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

SHIVA 7BOEBOB i$ร NP QPOFS GJO B MB QPCSF[Bw FO SFWJTUB Biodiversidad O ย KVMJP EF %JTQPOJCMF FO IUUQ XXX HSBJO PSH CJPEJWFSTJEBE JE <DPOTVMUBEP FM >

18 La era de la informaciรณn .BOVFM $BTUFMMT VOP EF MPT FTQFDJBMJTUBT Nร T JNQPSUBOUFT FO FM UFNB EF MB TPDJFEBE EF MB JOGPSNBDJร O TJOUFUJ[B MBT DBSBDUFSร TUJDBT EF MB ร QPDB BDUVBM

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ยฉ Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

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Actividades 1. 2. 3. 4.

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ยฉ Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

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Actividades 1. 2. 3. 4.

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26 La crisis internacional y el rol del G-20 &M TJHVJFOUF UFYUP SFýFYJPOB TPCSF FM SPM EF FTUF GPSP FO MB SFTPMVDJØO EF MB DSJTJT FDPOØNJDB NVOEJBM B QBSUJS EF MB $VNCSF EF -POESFT EF

/P RVFEBO EFNBTJBEBT EVEBT EF MB FTDBMB EF DPOTFDVFODJBT OFGBTUBT RVF FTUB DSJTJT IB HFOFSBEP Z MB TJNJMJUVE RVF HVBSEB DPO MB (SBO %FQSFTJØO EF MPT B×PT BVORVF TF QVFEFO TF×BMBS BMHVOBT EJGFSFODJBT <y> " GJOFT EF MB EÏDBEB EFM MBT QSJODJQBMFT QPUFODJBT DPNFO[BSPO B JNQMFNFOUBS QPMÓUJDBT QSPUFDDJPOJTUBT Z EFWBMVBDJPOFT DPNQFUJUJWBT BOUF TFNFKBOUF EFCBDMF GJOBODJFSB Z MB JOFYJTUFODJB EF VO TJTUFNB NPOFUBSJP JOUFSOBDJPOBM MP DVBM FWJEFODJØ MB OFDFTJEBE EF FTUBCMFDFS VO NFDBOJTNP EF JOZFDDJØO EF MJRVJEF[ JOUFSOBDJPOBM RVF GVFSB FGJDJFOUF Z RVF MF FWJUBSB B MPT QBÓTFT MB TBMJEB B BKVTUBS TVT DVFOUBT FYUFSOBT WÓB SFDFTJØO EFGMBDJØO EFTFNQMFP Z FTUBODBNJFOUP 4JO FNCBSHP FO DPOUSBQPTJDJØO B MB DSJTJT EFM IPZ EÓB MB NBZPS QBSUF EF MBT FDPOPNÓBT DVFOUBO DPO VO TFDUPS QÞCMJDP RVF QBSUJDJQB NVDIP NÈT BDUJWBNFOUF TPCSF MB EFNBOEB BHSFHBEB FO NVDIPT DBTPT TVQFSBO FM EFM 1#* &TUB QBSUJDJQBDJØO QFSNJUF SFEVDJS FO NBZPS NFEJEB RVF FO BRVFMMPT B×PT MPT FGFDUPT EF MB DSJTJT FDPOØNJDB JOUFSOBDJPOBM <y>

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Actividades 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

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