Security Focus Africa May 2019 by Contact Publications

www.securityfocusafrica.com | Vol 37 No 5 May 2019 The official industry journal for professional risk practitioners: security, safety, health, environment and quality assurance

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Security Focus Africa: Serving the South African security industry for 37 years

CONTENTS

VOL 37 NO 5 MAY 2019

www.securityfocusafrica.com | Vol 37 No 5 May 2019 The official industry journal for professional risk practitioners: security, safety, health, environment and quality assurance

12 FEATURES 13 The face of risk in 2019

COVER STORY

SUPREMA: Global powerhouse in biometrics, security and identity solutions

Suprema is a leading global provider of biometrics and security. By combining world renowned biometric algorithms with superior engineering, Suprema has introduced a number of technology initiatives and innovations to the security industry over the last couple of decades.

More than two thirds of the countries in sub-Saharan Africa are at risk from strikes, riots and other types of civil unrest, and a quarter of them are in danger of sabotage and terrorist attacks. That’s according to the Aon 2019 Risk Map, developed by global professional services giant Aon in partnership with Continuum Economics and The Risk Advisory Group.

16 Key risks facing the world in 2019 “The world’s ability to foster collective action in the face of urgent major crises has reached crisis levels, with worsening international relations hindering action across a growing array of serious challenges. Meanwhile, a darkening economic outlook, in part caused by geopolitical tensions, looks set to further reduce the potential for international cooperation in 2019.”

18 Risk Advisory Corruption Challenges Index 2019: Africa a “poor performer” Calling Africa a poor performer in its recently released Corruption Challenges Index 2019, independent global risk consultancy The Risk Advisory Group says the region not only has the highest average corruption challenge score but it’s also home to six out of ten countries where the threat levels are highest for unstable regimes and the likelihood of encountering corruption.

18 16 2

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

Official Journal of the Security Association of South Africa

Published by Contact Publications (Pty) Ltd (Reg No. 1981/011920/07)

Vol 37 No 5

TEL: (031) 764 6977 | FAX: 086 762 1867 PUBLISHER: Godfrey King | gk@contactpub.co.za

MANAGING DIRECTOR: Malcolm King | malcolm@contactpub.co.za

EDITOR: Ingrid Olivier | ingrid@securityfocusafrica.com

PRODUCTION & DESIGN EDITOR:

REGULARS EDITOR’S COMMENT 4 Preparations and predictions: what happened along the way to South Africa’s 2019 elections.

ASSOCIATION NEWS 5 Non-compliant security service providers need to be reported.

NEWS 8 News snippets from around the world.

HEALTH AND SAFETY RISK 20 New safety and health issues emerging in a changing workplace.

BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY 22 Blockchain technology and how it could help stem corruption in SA.

CYBERSECURITY 24 An answer to the 3 fundamental questions in IoT security.

25 Intellectual property protection vital in digital world.

PERSONALITY PROFILE 26 In conversation with Silke Kaiser, author and polygraphist.

ON THE MARKET 28 Frictionless biometrics. 29 Secutraq all-in-one bodycam. 30 New endpoint security cloud. 30 Integration and Intelligence. 31 Unmatched convenience and control with the G-ULTRA GSM Solution.

CASE STUDY 32 Sanjivani Group of Institutes empowered with smart surveillance.

33 Customised mobile access control solution for iron ore mine.

34 Protecting a world-class data centre from criminal activity.

36 Safe entry and exit solutions for Food Lover’s Market.

LAW & SECURITY 37 Commentary looking forward.

38 INDEX OF ADVERTISERS 39 CALENDAR 40 DIRECTORY

Hayley Mendelow | hayley@contactpub.co.za

DISTRIBUTION MANAGER: Jackie Goosen | jackie@contactpub.co.za

HEAD OFFICE PHYSICAL ADDRESS: Suite 1, Fields Shopping Centre, Old Main Road, Kloof 3610

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SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

EDITORS COMMENT

Preparations and predictions:

what happened along the way to South Africa’s 2019 elections

y the time these words appear in print, a significant number of South Africa’s 26,7 million registered voters will have cast their ballots on 8 May 2019, the country’s sixth democratic elections since 1994. According to the Electoral Commission (EC), more than 60 million ballot papers were printed and distributed to 22 924 voting stations around the country, along with nearly 300 000 ballot boxes, 45 000 voting compartments and 56 255 stationery packs, ahead of the elections. The stations would have been manned by 189 000 specially trained officials, on duty from 7am until 9pm technically, but until the last person in the queue had voted in reality. With a record number of 76 parties contesting the elections, the EC had to redesign and lengthen the 2019 ballot papers, which will have added to the cost of the election. It’s expected that this will be South Africa’s most expensive election to date, although owing to the secretive nature of political funding in the country, we’re probably never going to know the exact amount. It’s been an interesting run-up to the elections. I, for one, won’t miss the barrage of phone calls I’ve been receiving from one political party in particular. Polls and predictions are going to come back to bite people, and just like this year’s Kentucky Derby, there are going to be cries of foul, disqualifications and inquiries. Hopefully the scourge of pre-election political killings will stop and the murderers caught, tried and sentenced.

EDITORIAL POLICY

Once the polling stations would have closed, vote counting would have started immediately, witnessed by party agents and observers. Legally obliged to release the results within seven days, the EC will have until 15 May 2019 to announce the ruling party for the next five years. Whatever the outcome, it’s going to make for interesting reporting and reading. Writing in the Mail & Guardian on 4 May, John Davenport believes the DA’s 2000 merger with the NNP (New National Party) will be its undoing. Ismail Lagardien of The Daily Maverick, says in his 6 May opinion piece that it has come down to personalities, with the key issue being which of the three big leaders (Cyril Ramaphosa, Mmusi Maimane and Julius Malema) to trust. The Economist headlined its April 25 article: “The liberal opposition cannot win an election on May 8th. So it is up to the president to clean up his own party’s mess”, the follow-up to which will also be interesting. And the polls. An Ipsos poll earlier this year predicted that the ANC would get 61 per cent of the vote. The Institute of Race Relations (IRR), however, sees support for the ANC dropping to about 51 per cent. In an interview on News 24 (30 April), its elections analyst Dawie Scholtz said: “Crucially, the two largest pollsters in the country have very different views of how this election is going. One will be right and one will be wrong. Or we’ll end up somewhere in the middle. And we should keep that in mind when we assess the credibility of the pollsters in future.” The next big event on South Africa’s political calendar will be the inauguration of the

Statements made or opinions expressed in articles in Security Focus Africa do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Security Association of South Africa (SASA) nor those of any of the other security associations listed in Security Focus Africa. Similarly, advertising in this publication does not imply in any way endorsement or approval by these security associations of any products or services. It is the policy of the Security Association of South Africa that any office-bearer who has an executive position in a company, or companies, which supply security products or services should on no account allow his position to be used to promote his company or its objectives in the editorial content of Security Focus Africa, the official journal of the Association. If, at any time, an office-bearer’s position has been quoted in relation to his company or product, this does not imply the Association’s approval or involvement.

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

President-Elect. Scheduled to take place on Africa Day on 25 May 2019 in Loftus Versfeld Stadium in Tshwane rather than the traditional Union Buildings, the theme is “Together celebrating 25 years of freedom: Renewal and Growth for a better South Africa”. It’s an event designed to allow a record number of South Africans to attend, along with heads of state, royalty and representatives from regional, continental, and international organisations and bodies such as United Nations (UN), the Southern African Development Community and the African Union (AU). Following on South Africa’s third term as a non-permanent representative on the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) for 20192020, Minister of International Relations and Cooperation Minister Lindiwe Sisulu said the country’s tenure in the Council would be dedicated to the legacy of President Nelson Mandela and his commitment to peace. Our promise then, that South Africa would use its tenure in the Security Council to promote international peace and security through advocating for the peaceful settlement of disputes and inclusive dialogue, is going to be tested by how we handle our own post-election disputes and the emphasis this country’s newly elected leaders will place on peace going forward.

Ingrid Olivier

Editor ingridolivier@idotwrite.co.za

securityfocusafrica.com

ASSOCIATION NEWS

Non-compliant security service providers need to be reported The Security Association of South Africa (SASA), in its commitment to upgrading the industry, has renewed its call for consumers and practitioners to report non-compliant service providers.

ot only is the employment of undocumented, untrained and / or unregistered foreigners a threat to consumer and security officer safety, says SASA National Administrator Tony Botes, but it’s also depriving employees of their rightful benefits. “We need documented proof of noncompliancy in order to bring to book those who are not abiding by the minimum salary levels, conditions of employment and benefits contained in Sectoral Determination 6: Private Security Sector, South Africa, commonly referred to as SD6.” SASA is also concerned about companies who are misleading consumers by undercutting prices and then delivering sub-standard security. When people accept low prices, says Mr Botes, they very often end up compromising their security since their security officers are usually being underpaid and working far more than the hours permitted in SD6. Mr Botes also points out that the use of independent contractors (also referred to as self-employed security officers or SESOs) was recently condemned in the North Gauteng High Court and that a number of security service providers are now abusing (criminally in his opinion) the use of unsupervised ‘learnerships’. These companies are paying stipends only and failing to register their learnerships with South African Safety and Security Training Authority (SASSETA) as required by law, he says. “In terms of SD6, all security companies and their security officers are obliged to participate in the statutory industry provident fund, yet fewer than 25 per cent of them are compliant with this legal requirement and fewer than 50 per cent of security officers are benefiting from the

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retirement savings and risk benefits that provision of this Act or the Levies Act … include death, disability and funeral cover is guilty of an offence andassociated with fund membership.” (i) on a first conviction of a contravention “In fact,” he says further, “there are still far referred to in paragraph (a), is liable to a too many security companies which are not fine or to imprisonment for a period not paying over the deducted contributions exceeding five years, or to both a fine and that are required to be matched equally such imprisonment; by themselves, to the Fund. This results in (ii) on a second or subsequent conviction of a thousands of employees being deprived of contravention referred to in paragraph (a), their rightful retirement and risk benefits.” is liable to a fine or to imprisonment for a One of SASA’s priorities going forward is to period not exceeding ten years, or to both a increase public awareness of the statutory fine and such imprisonment; mechanisms that regulate the industry as (iii) on a conviction of a contravention referred well as the public’s obligation to ensure to in paragraph (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), (h), that it only contracts with private security or (i), is liable to a fine or to imprisonment companies that comply with the applicable for a period not exceeding 24 months, or to legislation, including the Basic Conditions of both a fine and such imprisonment.” Employment Act 1997, the Labour Relations “It is critical that consumers of private Act 1995 and the Private Security Industry security services ensure that their current or Regulatory Act, 2001 (“PSIRA”). prospective security service providers have In particular, says Mr valid compliance documents in respect of Botes, SASA wants to the following: draw attention to • PSIRA registration certificate IF YOU NEED section 38(3)(g) of • PSIRA letter of good standing ANY FURTHER the PSIRA Act which • SARS tax clearance certificate INFORMATION, PLEASE provides that any • COID letter of good standing CONTACT SASA: person (who): • PSSPF (provident fund) Office: 0861 100 680 “… knowingly or compliance certificate Email: admin@sasecurity.co.za without the exercise Urging the industry to strive The full SASA membership list of reasonable care for and apply for SASA Gold is available at contracts for the Membership, Mr Botes says this www.sasecurity.co.za rendering of security is verification that companies are services contrary to a fully and legally compliant.

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

COVER STORY

SUPREMA

Global powerhouse in biometrics, security and identity solutions Suprema is a leading global provider of biometrics and security. By combining world renowned biometric algorithms with superior engineering, Suprema has introduced a number of technology initiatives and innovations to the security industry over the last couple of decades.

uprema’s extensive range of portfolio includes biometric access control systems, time & attendance solutions, fingerprint live scanners, mobile authentication solutions and embedded fingerprint modules. Suprema has established itself as a premium global brand in the physical security industry and has a worldwide sales network in over 130 countries.

Suprema highlights at Securex SA 2019 Suprema will be launching several new hardware and software solutions across the full Suprema range, covering access control and time attendance, civil and criminal ID and OEM module offerings.

Access control & time attendance Taking the centre stage is FaceLite, the latest in Suprema AC and TA, boasting the same leading face recognition as the FaceStation 2, repackaged in a slim design and also more affordable. Another newcomer to Securex is the Xpass D2 pin-pad option that provides more choices for hybrid implementations and visitor management. The XPass D2 series of RFID terminals are suitable for tough environments and outdoor installations, as they feature a rugged IP65/IP67

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

rated dust & waterproof housing with added IK08 rated vandal-resistance. Suprema’s most recent release of BioStar 2.7 will be in full action with demonstrations on demand of the latest enhanced T&A and security updates as well as licensed features including video integration, mobile credentials (NFC & BLE) and graphic maps.

Civil ID solutions Enthusiasts will be treated to a sneak preview of the new Slim FAP30, FBI certified module that is due for release in September, as well as some new locally designed desktop housings, focused on retail and banking needs, demonstrating local value-add and delivering on local content government demands. Complementing this offering will be another locally developed iTrust WebID software module that enables seamless integration of Civil ID and authentication modules into web apps.

System builders and integrators Head to the Suprema OEM module division where the new SFM slim can be viewed. It offers the same benefits of Suprema Slim technology to hardware developers. SFM slim sports a larger sensor, FBI certification, 22 000 onboard templates and matching, WSQ, ISO compliance and Live Finger Detection. Suprema also plans a sneak preview of the locally designed Bluetooth fingerprint reader (to be released in September), built with the SFM slim and now allowing app developers to develop true cross-platform applications without any ‘strings’ attached.

Rugged mobile solutions The full Suprema-enabled BioRugged mobile device range, delivering mobile solutions for time and attendance, and civil and criminal ID will be demonstrated with AndroID BioStar 2 integration. Our engineers will be on the stand to discuss custom development needs and recommendations based on their extensive experience.

Partner software solutions Demonstrations will be available on partner software solutions supporting Suprema, including the new Jarrison Time mobile T&A, ERS biometrics T&A, Accsys V2 payroll solution, as well as Gallagher, Tyco Kantech, Isona’s and enhanced HIK Vision CCTV integrated into BioStar 2, on the access side.

For a specific solution or engineering needs, email Securex2019@Suprema.co.za to meet with the right person for a demo, partner introduction or for your engineering and integration discussions.

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NEWS IN BRIEF XXX

News snippets from around the world 5 scary facts about emigration in South Africa

There are several alarming indicators showing that more South Africans are packing things up and leaving the country, with safety, lack of opportunity and politics being listed as some of the biggest reasons why. The first major indicator of emigration numbers comes from property sales where this is listed as the reason for selling up. The FNB Estate Agents Survey results for the first quarter of 2019 shows that emigrationdriven sales now account for 14.2 per cent of all sales, a big jump from 10 per cent in the fourth quarter of 2018. Such sales have doubled in the past two years and are, as expected, more prominent in the coastal areas and in upmarket segments, said FNB economist Siphamandla Mkhwanazi. Speaking to BusinessTech, FNB property sector strategist John Loos said that there has been a steady increase in the number of South Africans who are selling their homes for emigration-related reasons – rising from just two per cent in 2013. South Africa has a reputation for being one of the most violent countries globally, with poor levels of education, high taxes and an interfering government when it comes to the affairs of the wealthy. NWW (New World Wealth) said that South Africa, in particular, is often cited as being among the least safe countries for women. (Source: Business Tech)

Ramaphosa promises no job losses at Eskom President Cyril Ramaphosa said the government won’t cut jobs at the state power utility, Eskom, as it divides the

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

The Johannesburg Serious Organised Crime’s investigation team seized R5.5m worth of methaqualone powder which was going to be utilised to manufacture Mandrax inside the suspect’s house. The team discovered the clandestine laboratory and confiscated chemicals, machinery which included a table presser, a mixer, weighing scales and containers.” (Source: News 24)

company into three separate businesses. Ramaphosa announced the plan to divide the company into generation, transmission and distribution units in February, and there was an immediate backlash from labour unions who are concerned that the plan could lead to job losses. Eskom has 47 000 workers, a figure the World Bank has said is 66 per cent too high, with debt in excess of R430 billion. (Source: Moneyweb)

Ramaphosa says visa ‘red tape’ and crime are deterring tourists from coming to SA

Crime-prevention blitz deals major blow to suspected drug and rhino horn dealers

Suspected drug dealers have been arrested and Malaysia-destined rhino horns worth millions were intercepted in a two-day crime crackdown in Gauteng. This was through a joint effort by the Hawks’ South African Narcotics Enforcement Bureau (SANEB), Serious Organised Crime, Crime Intelligence and an Ekurhuleni Metro Police SWAT team. “Three suspects aged between 38 and 43 were arrested for two different drug incidents in Soweto and Kempton Park,” said Hawks spokesperson Captain Ndivhuwo Mulamu. “

President Cyril Ramaphosa believes radically overhauling frustrating visa regulations and tackling crime will help grow SA’s tourism industry. Speaking at the final day of Africa’s Travel Indaba at the Durban International Convention Centre, the president told hundreds of delegates that SA and Africa had to address and overcome a number of challenges in order to boost the tourism market. Among the more pressing challenges‚ he said‚ was the need to “reduce the onerous and often unnecessary bureaucratic red tape that tourists who want to visit our countries face.” Ramaphosa said the other major challenge when it came to tourism‚ was the issue of crime. “We must deal with another major challenge‚ a challenge which was well articulated to me by the president of China who said to me that many Chinese tourists want to come to South Africa and Africa‚ but the issue that is holding them back is crime. (Source: Sowetan Live)

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NEWS IN BRIEF European, American authorities bust ‘world’s largest darknet marketplace for contraband’

European and American investigators have broken up one of the world’s largest online criminal trafficking operations in a series of raids in the United States and Germany. Three German men, ages 31, 22 and 29, were arrested after the raids in three southern states on allegations they operated the so-called “Wall Street Market” darknet platform, which hosted some 5 400 sellers and 1.15 million customer accounts, Frankfurt prosecutor Georg Ungefuk told reporters in Wiesbaden. The men face drug charges in Germany on allegations they administrated the platform where cocaine, heroin and other drugs, as well as forged documents and other illegal materials were sold. They have also been charged in the United States, said Ryan White, a prosecutor with the US Attorney’s Office in Los Angeles, who travelled to Germany for the announcement along with FBI and DEA agents. “The charges filed in Germany and the United States will significantly disrupt the illegal sale of drugs on the darknet,” White told reporters. (Source: Associated Press / NBC News)

Military spending around the world is booming

The world is arming itself to the teeth. That is the conclusion of a new report published on April 29th by the Stockholm International

Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). Global military spending last year rose to $1.8trn, says SIPRI—the highest level in real terms since reliable records began in 1988, during the cold war, and 76 per cent higher than in 1998, when the world was enjoying its “peace dividend”. Military spending as a share of global GDP has fallen in recent years, but that offers little reassurance in a world of rising geopolitical tension. The spending boom is driven, above all, by the contest between America and China for primacy in Asia. In 2018 it raised its already-gargantuan defence budget for the first time in seven years, ending an era of belt-tightening imposed by Congress. The boost reflected the Trump administration’s embrace of what it calls “great power competition” with Russia and China—requiring fancier, pricier weapons—in place of the inconclusive guerrilla wars it had fought since 2001. Source: The Economist

people linked to the bombings were still at large. Authorities in Sri Lanka have blamed the blasts on two previously little-known local Islamist groups – National Thowheed Jamath and Jamathei Millathu Ibraheem – whom they suspect had international links. Mr Sirisena said intelligence services from eight countries were helping Sri Lanka with its investigations. (Source: BBC News)

Sri Lanka attacks: Public urged to surrender swords and knives

Police continue to investigate the disappearance of Madeleine McCann, 12 years after she vanished in Portugal. The new suspect in the Madeleine McCann case is a German man already being investigated over alleged child sex offences, Sky News can reveal. He is one of two suspects who are currently the focus of teams of detectives in Portugal and the UK. The suspect is thought to have been living on the Algarve coast when Madeleine vanished 12 years ago. He had not been a suspect at the time, though many alleged paedophiles were investigated and eliminated. Madeleine was nearly four when she disappeared from the apartment as her parents and friends dined nearby in Praia da Luz on 3 May 2007. (Source: Sky News)

Sri Lankan authorities have called on the public to surrender swords and large knives amid heightened security concerns following the deadly Easter Sunday attacks. Hundreds of weapons have been seized in searches since the 21 April attacks. More than 250 people were killed in the co-ordinated suicide bombings, which targeted churches and luxury hotels. In addition to weapons, police spokesman Ruwan Gunasekara called on people in possession of “police or camouflaged military uniforms” to hand them in to their nearest police station. The call came as investigations into the deadly bombings continue. Sri Lankan President Maithripala Sirisena told Reuters that some 25 to 30

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Madeleine McCann: New suspect is German man under investigation for alleged child sex offences

Trump admin slaps new restrictions on Iran’s nuclear activities The Trump administration has imposed new limits on Iran’s nuclear activities but stopped short of scrapping several waivers that allow Tehran to receive international assistance for the conversion of atomic sites for civilian uses. The move avoided a full-blown collision with European allies over the 2015 nuclear

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NEWS IN BRIEF

deal that President Donald Trump rejected last year. Iran has continued to abide by the multinational agreement, known as the JCPOA, which imposed limits on its nuclear programme in return for a relaxation of US and international sanctions. (Source: NBC News)

Police will not investigate Huawei leak that cost UK defence minister his job

building petrol stations without first obtaining the necessary environmental clearance. By law that can come with jail time or – more likely in this case – a fine based on multiples of the value of the filling stations it built. Meanwhile the judgment against BP opens the door for a large number of similar prosecutions, perhaps on thousands of counts of historic environmental crimes never prosecuted by the state. It could also mean the creation of a special nongovernmental vehicle specifically geared to train up environmental lawyers and

entrepreneurs, funded by the proceeds of the fines against BP. The judgment is believed to be South Africa’s firstever successful private prosecution of environmental crimes in terms of longstanding legislation designed to enable private individuals and groups to hold environmental criminals to account if the state fails to do so. BP was indicted not by the state, as is usual in criminal complaints, but by previously unknown environmental group Uzani Environmental Advocacy, headed by lawyer Gideon (Kallie) Erasmus. (Source: Business Insider South Africa)

Statistics show crime is rising faster in the UK than South Africa British police said they will not probe a leak of information about Chinese telecoms company Huawei that cost Gavin Williamson his job as defence minister this week, as no criminal offence was committed. Williamson strenuously denied being responsible for the leak, but (UK Prime Minister) Theresa May said she had lost confidence in him, after the Daily Telegraph newspaper reported discussions from within Britain’s National Security Council. “I am satisfied that what was disclosed did not contain information that would breach the Official Secrets Act,” Britain’s top counter-terrorism police officer, Metropolitan Police assistant commissioner Neil Basu, said on Saturday. (Source: iol.co.za)

Guilty: BP has been convicted of environmental crime in South Africa – and could now face massive fines

While statistically speaking, the UK is still behind South Africa in terms of crime rates, they are catching up fast. Crime has increased dramatically over the past few years, with an epidemic in knife crime, acid attacks and moped enabled attacks sweeping across the country.

Violent crime Although violent crime is still higher in South Africa and mostly perpetrated using firearms, violent knife crime is becoming an everyday occurrence across the UK, with London suffering the most. Shockingly, figures reveal that crime is now rising faster in the UK than in South Africa, with knife crime the biggest reason for this surge. According to police records in the UK, crime has gone up by 7 per cent in the past year and violent crime went up by 19 per cent, violence that actually resulted in serious injury or death went up 7 per cent. During the same period, The Ministry of Police released crime statistics showing that the murder rate in South Africa has increased by 6.9 per cent from the previous year.

Knife crime Statistics paint a grim picture for the UK, showing that knife crime is consistently rising, with 39 818 knife crime offences recorded in the 12 months ending September 2018. This is an increase of two-thirds from 2014, which puts the number at an all-time high. (Source: The South African / thesouthafrican.com)

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2019

SPECIAL FEATURE: RISK

The

face of risk in

ays Vlad Bobko, Head of Crisis Management at Aon: “For political risk we have seen a growing interest in unexpected areas. Populism and the US-China trade war have rattled the global economy (while) terrorism has witnessed a shift in ideologies, with the new risk posed by returning Islamic State fighters matched in terms of cause and effect by the emerging threat of far-right extremism in North America and Europe.” Of the countries surveyed in the region, more than 30 have an identifiable risk of civil unrest and strike action in 2019, says Head of Intelligence and Analysis at the Risk Advisory Group, Henry Wilkinson. These countries include popular investment destinations such as Nigeria, Kenya and South Africa, he adds. “Unrest is often triggered by predictable political flashpoints such as elections. But more local and fluid issues, such as socioeconomic conditions, labour disputes or intercommunal issues also frequently prompt violence,” he warns. Paulina Argudin, Director of Country Risk Model at Continuum Economics, says persistent political instability and violence are undermining certain regional economic outlooks and their business environments, particularly the Middle East and Africa. “These regions contain some of the highest-risk countries in the world such as Iraq, Syria, Yemen and Libya. Conditions in these regions have intensified and are unlikely to ease due to the complex nature of the problem and the shift in the balance of power.” Supply chain disruption risk is another rising concern, she continues, even for the strongest countries in the world, because of their reliance on imports. “Climate change and extreme weather have exacerbated the risks of supply chain disruption in certain regions. In particular, small islands will continue to be affected by climate hazards. Countries with high exposure to natural disasters and low capacity to cope will be more

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

exposed. Downside risk will be particularly important to monitor in countries with wide fiscal balances, high inflation and large debt burdens. A rise in populism, amid a general dissatisfaction with the traditional political class, has increased the

risk of disruptive policies in many countries, weighing negatively in their economic prospects. Populist policies can exacerbate political risk by increasing fiscal imbalances and inflation as well as rising the odds of state intervention,” she explains.

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SPECIAL FEATURE: RISK

2019 exacerbated by geopolitical events such as Iran’s sanctions, adding to a higher price volatility. “Going forward, we expect changes to the global energy sector to take place, from growing electrification to the expansion of renewables and the globalisation of natural gas markets. The world is facing a dual challenge. On the one hand, more energy is needed to support continued global economic growth, but on the other, countries are facing the need for a more rapid transition to a lower-carbon future. Transformation in the energy system around the world is likely to have widespread implications for businesses, governments and individuals in the coming years.”

continues to vary widely, however, polling, unrest and political changes in a continent where presidents have held on to power for decades may bring positive change or fuel more instability.” “In terms of individual countries, South Africa’s elections will set the momentum for structural reform. The euphoria that followed the election of Cyril Ramaphosa as President in February 2018 was driven by his promises to end state capture by private interests, boost investment and implement economic reforms that would increase real GDP growth. Whether he can deliver on those promises depends on the strength of the mandate he receives in the general election.”

Terrorism and violence

Africa: transition of power

Global: oil and gas The Map found that during 2018, volatility marked the global oil and gas sector, with oil prices vacillating between USD 85 a barrel and USD 50 by year-end. “Concerns about supply and demand were

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“2018 (and the start of 2019) was a year of peaceful political power transitions in Africa; long-sitting presidents abandoned power in Liberia, South Africa and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) through established constitutional mechanisms. But it was also a year of strong political activity, with growing discontent amid economic woes, a short-lived coup in Gabon in early 2019, and opposition gaining power in several countries. Protests against long-serving rulers have been taking place in Sudan (which is seeking to remove President Omar al-Bashir from power after 30 years of ruling), Togo, Zimbabwe and Cameroon. But in 2019, more than 20 African countries will hold elections, including Nigeria and South Africa — the two biggest economies in the region. The quality and independence of these elections

Terrorism and political violence points to continued instability in nearly every region, says Henry Wilkinson Head of Intelligence & Analysis, The Risk Advisory Group. “The resurgence of authoritarianism and nationalism has widened fault lines between allies, and fuelled geopolitical competition. It has also increased regime instability risks across much of the world as more governments adopt less inclusive policies and systems of governance. And it is undermining international multilateral institutions. “All of this contributes to changes in the global order and state behaviour, and makes interstate conflict a more prevalent risk. The Map also captures how the threat of terrorism is evolving worldwide. It depicts a reduction in the number of attacks motivated by Islamist extremism in North America and Europe, and an increase in the impact of attacks motivated by extreme right-wing views. “Other findings are that far-left terrorism is on the rise again in Colombia, despite a much-lauded peace deal with FARC in 2016, and that the pace of attacks by jihadists in Indonesia rose almost sixfold last year.”

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

SPECIALXXX FEATURE: RISK Africa: civil unrest and investment

Seventy per cent of countries in SubSaharan Africa were found to be at risk of strikes, riots and civil commotion in the 2019 Terrorism and Political Violence Risk Map, with 25 per cent at risk of terrorism and sabotage. “Elections are often flashpoints for disruptive protests and unrest,” note the Map authors, adding: “The Democratic Republic of Congo and Zimbabwe were key examples of this in 2018. In both cases, large protests and unrest before and after the polls caused significant disruption to travel, with knockon effects for supply chains, particularly in mining. But elections can also directly affect firms. During a political crisis in Kenya in 2017, opposition activists called for a boycott of companies with links to the incumbent president. These included Danone, a French food products conglomerate, and Vodafone, a British telecommunications provider.” Further, it notes: “The electoral crisis in Kenya in 2017 cost the country about USD 1.3 billion of investment, equivalent to around 1 per cent of GDP, according to the Kenyan treasury. Similarly, data from the World Bank shows that economic growth in the country fell by nearly 17 per cent in 2017, compared with the previous year.” “Violence and unrest prompted by political dynamics can also affect investment outside election periods. Opposition politicians in Zambia have increasingly sought to rally their supporters against China’s economic presence in the country in recent years. This prompted more than 30 bouts of anti-Chinese riots during 2018. And it culminated towards the end of the year in widespread violence against Chinese nationals and businesses in Kitwe and Ndola, as well as disruption to mining supply chains. Investments perceived as linked to local governments are often at particular risk during periods of unrest. Throughout 2016 and 2017, opposition groups in Ethiopia attacked several businesses during protests. These included arson attacks on a Turkish-owned factory and several flower farms owned by Dutch investors. Similarly, opposition

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groups at times target investment in strategic sectors as a way of pressuring the government. The Niger Delta Avengers, a militant group, mounted at least 44 attacks against oil infrastructure in Nigeria in 2016 and 2017. This was part of the group’s strategy to pressure the government into making concessions. Indeed, after the attacks caused state oil revenues in Nigeria to fall by nearly 40 per cent in 2016, the government agreed to enter talks. The same group threatened ahead of a presidential election in February 2019 that it would ‘cripple the… economy again’ if the incumbent won the poll.” In South Africa, labour activism and unrest have also disrupted operations and resulted in “tangible security risks to staff and assets”. According to the Map, in 2015 protesters in Bapong in the North West province of South Africa torched a bus and four cars belonging to Lonmin, a London-based platinum mine, in an attempt to force it to hire local workers. And, it notes further, similarly motivated violence has forced the closure of other mines since 2016, including Glencore and Northam Platinum. “Protests and blockades by unionised workers forced Rio Tinto, an Anglo-Australian mine, to shut a mine in Richards Bay, South Africa, for almost a month in 2018. The firm has not said publicly how much the stoppage cost. But the affected mine accounts for around a quarter of the world’s titanium and pig iron, as well as a third of global zircon output. So the closure is likely to have affected both the operator, as well as firms that purchase such minerals.”

Global: terrorism and sport

According to The Risk Advisory Group and Aon, there were 16 terrorist plots against sporting and entertainment venues around the world in 2018. Spectator events, they say, are likely to remain highly attractive targets for terrorist groups because of the resultant widespread media coverage, the more so if it’s a high-profile event. “A suicide bombing at an Ariana Grande concert in Manchester in May 2017 dominated headlines worldwide”, and

had a major knock-on effect on the UK entertainment industry with artists such as Blondie, Take That and Kiss cancelling UK tour dates and event promoter Live Nation offering refunds to people who were afraid to attend concerts in the country. “All but two of the 16 foiled attacks against the entertainment industry in 2018 were planned by jihadist groups and their supporters (while) a far-right cell and a person whose motives remain unclear planned the other two.” “Most aspired to carry out bombings, often in combination with other tactics – primarily the use of firearms – and in one case, the dispersal of a toxic substance. Bars and nightclubs were the intended targets in many planned attacks, probably because larger venues tend to have more layers of security. LGBT+ nightclubs in particular have been a recurring target in terrorist plots and attacks in recent years. Most prominently, a supporter of Islamic State (IS) shot and killed 49 people and wounded 53 others at a gay nightclub in Orlando, Florida, in June 2016. In June 2017, British police arrested a right-wing extremist who planned to carry out a knife attack during a pride event in Cumbria. More recently, police in Frankfurt arrested an Islamist extremist in September 2018 who planned to bomb an LGBT+ nightclub.” Map research has also highlighted the attraction of parades and street celebrations for terrorists, “probably because they are harder to secure than events in closed spaces”. “In July 2018, an Al-Qaeda supporter planned to hand out remote-controlled cars containing explosives to children at an Independence Day parade in Cleveland, Ohio,” they report. “And police in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, arrested seven suspected jihadists who planned to carry out an attack during Carnival celebrations in February 2018. Stadiums and other closed venues tend to have tighter security measures than parades, but are still an attractive target for terrorists. The Russian security service said that it had foiled multiple terrorist plots to use drones to disrupt matches during the 2018 FIFA World Cup, for example. “The effort to secure stadiums, theatres, and other venues is a continuous challenge. And the absence of major attacks against the sport and entertainment industry in more than a year is probably more a reflection of adequate mitigation and policing displacing the threat to less secure areas, rather than a diminished threat.” Source: www.aon.com

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SPECIAL FEATURE: RISK

Key risks facing the world in 2019

“The world’s ability to foster collective action in the face of urgent major crises has reached crisis levels, with worsening international relations hindering action across a growing array of serious challenges. Meanwhile, a darkening economic outlook, in part caused by geopolitical tensions, looks set to further reduce the potential for international cooperation in 2019.”

hat’s according to the findings of the Global Risks Report 2019, which incorporates the results of the annual Global Risks Perception Survey of around 1 000 experts and decision-makers. “Is the world sleepwalking into a crisis? Global risks are intensifying but the collective will to tackle them appears to be lacking,” reads the report’s executive summary. “Instead, divisions are hardening. The world’s move into a new phase of strongly state-centred politics, noted in 16

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last year’s Global Risks Report, continued throughout 2018. The idea of “taking back control”— whether domestically from political rivals or externally from multilateral or supranational organisations— resonates across many countries and many issues. The energy now expended on consolidating or recovering national control risks is weakening collective responses to emerging global challenges. We are drifting deeper into global problems from which we will struggle to extricate ourselves.”

A slowing world economy The report continues: “During 2018, macroeconomic risks moved into sharper focus. Financial market volatility increased and the headwinds facing the global economy intensified. The rate of global growth appears to have peaked: the latest International Monetary Fund (IMF) forecasts point to a gradual slowdown over the next few years. This is mainly the result of developments in advanced economies, but projections of a slowdown in China—from 6.6 per cent growth in 2018

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SPECIAL FEATURE: RISK

The Global Risks Report 2019 to 6.2 per cent this year and 5.8 per cent by 2022—are a source of concern. So too is the global debt burden, which is significantly higher than before the global financial crisis, at around 225 per cent of GDP. In addition, a tightening of global financial conditions has placed particular strain on countries that built up dollardenominated liabilities while interest rates were low.”

was developed with the support of the World Economic Forum’s Global Risks Advisory Board and in collaboration with its strategic partners Marsh & McLennan Companies and Zurich Insurance Group, and its academic advisers at the Oxford Martin School (University of Oxford), the National University of Singapore and the Wharton Risk Management and Decision Processes Center (University of Pennsylvania).

Trouble between the major powers “Geopolitical and geo-economic tensions are rising among the world’s major powers,” notes the report. “These tensions represent the most urgent global risks at present. The world is evolving into a period of divergence following a period of globalisation that profoundly altered the global political economy. Reconfiguring the relations of deeply integrated countries is fraught with potential risks, and trade and investment relations among many of the world’s powers were difficult during 2018. “Against this backdrop, it is likely to become more difficult to make collective progress on other global challenges—from protecting the environment to responding to the ethical challenges of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Deepening fissures in the international system suggest that systemic risks may be building. If another global crisis were to hit, would the necessary levels of cooperation and support be forthcoming? Probably, but the tension between the globalisation of the world economy and the growing nationalism of world politics is a deepening risk.”

Extreme weather and environmental damage The report says environmental risks continue to dominate the results of its annual Global Risks Perception Survey (GRPS). “This year, they accounted for three of the top five risks by likelihood and four by impact. Extreme weather was the risk of greatest concern, but our survey respondents are increasingly worried about environmental policy failure: having fallen in the rankings after Paris, ‘failure of climate-change mitigation and adaptation’ jumped back to number two in terms of impact this year. The results of climate inaction are becoming increasingly clear. The

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accelerating pace of biodiversity loss is a particular concern. Species abundance is down by 60 per cent since 1970. In the human food chain, biodiversity loss is affecting health and socioeconomic development, with implications for well-being, productivity, and even regional security.”

An urgent need for improved international cooperation Says Børge Brende, President of the World Economic Forum: “With global trade and economic growth at risk in 2019, there is a more urgent need than ever to renew the architecture of international cooperation. We simply do not have the gunpowder to deal with the kind of slowdown that current dynamics might lead us towards. What we need now is coordinated, concerted action to sustain growth and to tackle the grave threats facing our world today.” Adds Alison Martin, Group Chief Risk Officer of the Zurich Insurance Group: “2018 was sadly a year of historic wildfires, continued heavy flooding and increasing greenhouse gas emissions. It is no surprise that in 2019, environmental risks once again dominate the list of major concerns. So, too, does the growing likelihood of environmental policy failure or a lack of timely policy implementation. To effectively respond to climate change requires a significant increase in infrastructure to adapt to this new environment and transition to a lowcarbon economy. “By 2040, the investment gap in global infrastructure is forecast to reach $18 trillion against a projected requirement of

$97 trillion. Against this backdrop, we strongly recommend that businesses develop a climate resilience adaptation strategy and act on it now.” John Drzik, President of Global Risk and Digital at Marsh says: “Persistent underfunding of critical infrastructure worldwide is hampering economic progress, leaving businesses and communities more vulnerable both to cyberattacks and natural catastrophes, and failing to make the most of technological innovation. Allocating resources to infrastructure investment, in part through new incentives for public-private partnerships, is vital for building and strengthening the physical foundations and digital networks that will enable societies to grow and thrive.”

Back to business as usual isn’t good enough anymore In the conclusion of the report “Managing in the Age of Meltdowns”, authors András Tilcsik and Chris Clearfield write that when things go wrong, “we need to do a better job of learning lessons. Too often there is practically a script: a superficial post-mortem is conducted, an individual or a specific technical problem is found to be at fault, and a narrow fix is implemented. Then it’s back to business as usual. That is not good enough anymore. We need to face reality with a blameless process that not only identifies specific issues but also looks at broader organisational and systemic causes. Only by doing this – and by recognising early warning signs, building scepticism into organisations, using structured decision tools and managing our crises better – will we be able to prevent the ‘unprecedented errors’ that seem to be a defining feature of the modern world.” Source: www.weforum.org

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SPECIAL FEATURE: RISK

Risk Advisory Corruption Challenges Index 2019

Africa a “poor performer” Calling Africa a poor performer in its recently released Corruption Challenges Index 2019, independent global risk consultancy The Risk Advisory Group says the region not only has the highest average corruption challenge score but it’s also home to six out of ten countries where the threat levels are highest for unstable regimes and the likelihood of encountering corruption.

t’s not, however, the worst area in the world, according to the Index, which singles out Turkmenistan as the country where businesses face the biggest corruption challenges. In second place is Libya, and third is Somalia. Europe, says the Index, is the least challenging area and also has the lowest

average corruption challenge score. “As with the 2017 and 2018 surveys, these findings are based on our experience of carrying out in-depth investigations and due diligence around the world during the previous year. Many of these investigations have focused on countries that are normally regarded as among the

most difficult places to do business from a corruption threat point of view. But while a reputation for harbouring corruption is usually justified, the steps available to mitigate the risks of doing business there can often be more straightforward than many business leaders might think,” say the authors of the Index. “We’ve looked at a number of factors above and beyond the simple perceived local corruption threat, to give a more nuanced and balanced evaluation of where the real challenges of negotiating corruption risks lie. These factors include such things as levels of FCPA enforcement action and local industry risks, as well as how information flows affect a company’s ability to understand who exactly it’s dealing with; how media reporting can be slanted according to the publisher, for example, or the willingness of people to talk openly about the likelihood and frequency of requests for bribes.” The results, they say, can be surprising. “India, for example, which many people would agree has an endemic problem with corruption, is one of the more transparent countries for us to work in; whereas the recent introduction of GDPR on top of already-stringent privacy laws in some European countries is likely to increase the challenges of both retrieving and communicating information. That’s not to say whether this is a good or bad thing, but simply that the information-gathering landscape is changing constantly.”

Authoritarian, right-wing and nationalist governments and movements are growing In its Strategic Outlook 2019, titled ‘Towards a Zero-Sum World’, Risk Advisory forecasts that authoritarian, right-wing and nationalist governments and movements will grow in strength and influence throughout the world. 18

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SPECIAL FEATURE: RISK

“The global balance of ideas and power is changing. And with it, the longer-term prospects for states to jointly tackle challenges like climate change, environmental degradation and water scarcity are thinning when they most need attention. All perpetuate insecurity and instability, limit development and drive migration. This feeds a cycle of complex risks that will become even harder to resolve. The need for global leadership on such issues is as obvious as it is presently lacking.”

Around the world, the Strategic Outlook’s key observations are: Europe “Extreme right-wing groups are likely to grow in strength and influence during 2019. We forecast that this will negatively affect security, particularly hate crime. There are also longer-term political stability implications for the region, as European Union member states struggle to coordinate responses to illiberal governments inside the bloc.”

Eurasia “Major risk events including economic crises, simmering interstate conflicts, and coup attempts are probable in several countries in the Eurasia region in 2019. Turkey, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan are countries to watch in particular.”

Sub-Saharan Africa “The collision of old and new in SubSaharan Africa will drive up security risks across much of the continent in 2019. Youth-oriented or reform-minded political parties, movements and factions are likely to try to disrupt and undermine longserving governments in several countries across Africa in the coming year, either from within or externally.”

North Africa “Year-to-year, security and political risks have changed little in North Africa and the Sahel since late 2015, and major shifts in 2019 are not expected. But from a longer-term perspective, pressures from population growth and climate change are intensifying competition over access to and income from the region’s previously plentiful resources: water, oil and gas, minerals and solar energy. “As such, resource competition is elemental to conflicts in the region, so future shortages and abundances help to identify where and how new security risks will emerge.”

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Middle East “Across the Middle East, it is forecast that climate-related issues will play a greater role in compounding security and stability risks than seen so far. The UN warned in 2018 that due to rising temperatures droughts have increased in frequency and have lasted longer over the past 40 years. Middle Eastern states with limited financial resources and poor infrastructure will struggle to make up for years of neglect and address emerging environmental challenges.”

South Asia “Geopolitical and strategic competition is likely to intensify in South Asia in 2019. As it continues to invest heavily in South Asia, the terms of China’s economic deals with countries in the region will come under greater domestic scrutiny. With it, political opposition to debt repayments to China and challenging economic outlooks are likely to mean more hardship and political protests in 2019 in Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Nepal and the Maldives. But India seems unable to take advantage of the resulting political uncertainties, losing further geopolitical influence in the region.”

Asia Pacific “Flawed democracies and authoritarian governments across the Asia Pacific region will remain a source of stability and geopolitical risk into 2019 and beyond. Despite sometimes providing an appearance of stability and predictability, such systems continue to store up structural problems for states and reduce economic competitiveness. This increases the risk that in some markets, organisations will be exposed to unrest, arbitrary state decision-making, sanctions and growing strategic tensions in the coming years.”

USA “President Trump’s forceful personality and disruptive geopolitical agenda will yield mixed results in 2019. The doctrine of ‘America First’ will dictate his approach, particularly on trade. But legal headaches and partisan fighting will increasingly demand his attention. And despite his stated ambition to resolve challenges such as the Israel-Palestine dispute and the North Korean nuclear programme, he is likely to remain most preoccupied with domestic politics. It is forecast that policy is likely to remain consistent in 2019. The strategy

under President Trump has so far been marked by a broad continuity from the two previous administrations. This means an emphasis on intelligence-sharing partnerships, and not deploying combat troops to conflict zones.”

Latin America Latin America enters 2019 facing its most significant geopolitical changes in a generation. Economic collapse in Venezuela has prompted a surge in migration, putting pressure on neighbouring countries. The exodus is unlikely to slow in 2019. A major regional crisis, such as an inter-state conflict, is improbable. But challenging economic conditions and the lack of a coordinated regional response will limit the ability of many countries to cope with more arrivals. This will exacerbate existing security risks in Latin America, including terrorism and organised crime.” The Strategic Outlook 2019 also provides a range of monitoring points to enable observers to anticipate changes in risk and re-calibrate forecasts when events defy prediction. And it flags outliers – outcomes that sit on the outer edges of probability but that are plausible and consequential enough to merit further thought for crisis planning. Its key monitoring points include: • Cohesion in the EU & sanctions • The movement and funding of far-right and nationalist groups across Europe • Belt and road initiative and the renegotiation of BRI deals • Russian security services and US policy on Russia • Youth bulge in sub-Saharan Africa along with its ageing presidents • North African oil prices and increased competition around natural resources • Ceasefire talks in the Middle East and the reform of the Iraqi parliament • Major cities falling into Taliban control • Relations between the US and WTO • US economic performance Concludes Henry Wilkinson, Head of Intelligence & Analysis at The Risk Advisory Group: “Forecasting is not an exact science but it is an essential process that starts conversations and the process of building resilience. “Our assessments show that the need for global businesses to take board-level ownership of geopolitical risks, and invest in intelligence that one can trust amid a growing tide of disinformation, has never been more urgent or important.” Source: www.riskadvisory.com

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

HEALTH AND SAFETY RISK

New safety and health issues emerging in a

changing workplace

In his opening speech at the South African launch of the International Labour Organization’s (ILO) Global Commission on the Future of Work report, President Cyril Ramaphosa warned of the impact of globalisation, demographic shifts, climate change, and trade and other forms of protectionism, which, he said, were bound to have consequences for future work processes.

he KwaZulu-Natal-based launch, which followed on the 45th African Regional Labour Administration Centre (ARLAC) Governing Council meeting hosted by the Department of Labour, highlighted the findings of the ILO report, which was published ahead of the World Day for Safety and Health at Work (28 April). Calling for “a human-centred agenda for the future of work”, the ILO report says that changes in working practices, demographics, technology and the environment are creating new occupational safety and health (OSH) concerns. These include psychosocial risks, work-related stress and non-

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communicable diseases, notably circulatory and respiratory diseases, and cancers. Titled Safety and Health at the heart of the Future of Work: Building on 100 years of experience , the report notes that more than 374 million people are injured or become ill every year in the workplace. Further, it estimates that work days lost to OSH-related causes represent almost 4 per cent of global GDP, and in some countries as much as 6 per cent.

Profound changes “We are seeing profound changes in our places and ways of working,” says Manal Azzi, ILO Technical Specialist on Occupational

Safety and Health, adding: “As well as the economic cost we must recognise the immeasurable human suffering such illnesses and accidents cause. These are all-the-more tragic because they are largely preventable.” “By far the greatest proportion of current work-related deaths – 86 per cent – come from disease,” the report says. “In the region of 6 500 people a day die from occupational diseases, compared to 1 000 who die in occupational accidents.” According to the report’s findings, the greatest causes of mortality are circulatory diseases (31 per cent), work-related cancers (26 per cent) and respiratory diseases (17 per cent).

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HEALTH AND SAFETY RISK

societies, people still labour in antiquated working conditions that have little regard for their rights…. while elsewhere, rapid technological advance has had its own consequences for workers and communities, with digitisation and mechanisation of work processes giving rise to increased insecurity and job losses.”

Four main forces

Rapid digitisation and mechanisation have consequences Endorsing the report, President Ramaphosa said that many of the advances of the past two centuries in the world of work –raised wage levels, improved working hours, unemployment insurance and other worker benefits – had been brought about by the international labour standards and social protection set by the ILO. Calling the ILO a force that was transforming misery and despair into hope and progress, he made the point that inequality was nevertheless rising. “Millions of people around the world are in a working poverty trap,” he said. “In many

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According to the ILO report, there are four major transformative forces driving change in the workplace: • First, technology, such as digitization, robotics, and nanotechology, can also affect psychosocial health and introduce new materials with unmeasured health hazards. Correctly applied, however, the report says technology can assist in reducing hazardous exposures, and be used for training and labour inspections. • The second force was a shift in demographics. The report noted the “significantly high occupational injury rates” of younger workers and the need for “adaptive practices and equipment” for older workers. It also said that women, who were entering the workforce in increasing numbers, were not only more likely to have non-standard work arrangements but also a higher risk of musculoskeletal disorders. • Thirdly, as a result of development and climate change, risks such as air pollution, heat stress, emerging diseases, shifting weather and temperature patterns were increasing, with the resultant threat of job losses. Equally, though, said the report, there was the potential to create new jobs through sustainable development and a green economy. • Finally, while changes in the workplace could lead to increased flexibility that could in turn allow more people to enter the labour force, it could also create psychosocial issues such as job insecurity, compromised privacy and rest time, and inadequate OSH and social protections, along with excessive work hours. “Approximately 36 per cent of the world’s workforce currently works excessive hours (more than 48 hours per week),” the report points out. In light of these challenges, the ILO study proposes six focus areas for policy makers and other stakeholders. These include doing more to anticipate new and emerging OSH risks, adopting a more multidisciplinary approach, and building stronger links to public health work. It also maintains that a better public understanding of OSH issues is required. Finally, it avers, international labour standards and national legislation need to be

strengthened, “something which will require stronger collaboration between governments, workers and employers”. Mr Azzi also believes that serious consideration needs to be given to the recommendation of the ILO’s Global Commission on the Future of Work , “that occupational safety and health be recognised as a fundamental principle and right at work”.

Where to from here? The ILO report calls for a human-centred approach to health and safety issues in the workplace going forward. “The world of work is transforming before our eyes, bringing with it unique opportunities while simultaneously providing novel challenges. We are unable to predict exactly what type of technology will exist in the future, how it will be integrated into the world of work, and what impacts – positive or negative – this will have on OSH (so) our responses to this unknown transformation must evolve in an inclusive and human-centred way, emphasizing the importance of lifelong learning and continued skill development,” it maintains. Further, it believes that occupational safety and health challenges need to be met with “innovative investments in people’s capabilities, education and training in lifelong learning,” which would help both workers and employers “adapt to new, emerging and persistent safety and health risks, and improve OSH outcomes at work”. “While the road ahead presents many new challenges to safety and health at work, it is important for governments, employers and workers, and other stakeholders to seize the opportunities at hand to create a safe and healthy future of work for all. The time to take action is now,” concluded the report.

Source: www.ilo.org

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BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY

Blockchain technology and how it could help stem corruption in SA

Every year South Africa loses billions of rands as a result of corrupt public procurement practices. And since current safeguards aren’t really effective, perhaps we should look at blockchain technology as a possible solution.

hat’s the view of Prof Sope Williams-Elegbe from the Department of Mercantile Law in the Faculty of Law at Stellenbosch University. In her inaugural lecture on public procurement, corruption and blockchain technology, she said preliminary legal inquiries had revealed that: • Procurement spend in SA is around R800 billion, of which an estimated 50 per cent could be lost to corruption. • Current safeguards have done little to curb corruption. • 50 per cent of complaints submitted to the Public Protector refer to problems with public procurement processes. 22

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• Blockchain technology is able to provide both digitised and decentralised public ledgers of transactions. “Public procurement – the process by which government buys the goods, services and works needed to fulfil its functions and maximise public welfare – has been plagued by corruption, and current safeguards have done little to curb it,” she says. “Public procurement is the main conduit for government expenditure, apart from grants and social programmes. In South Africa, the annual procurement spend is R800 billion, and it is estimated that about 50 per cent of this figure might be lost to corruption.”

Further, she says:“In South Africa, 50 per cent of the complaints submitted to the Office of the Public Protector refer to problems with the public procurement process, and recent Auditor-General’s reports have highlighted immense increases in fraudulent expenditure linked to procurement spending.” To this end, Prof Williams-Elegbe believes that blockchain technology could help to address these problems. “What makes blockchain technology fascinating, is that it is both a digitised and a decentralised public ledger of transactions,” she explains. “Every copy of the record that is kept by computers on the network is identical. This means that the record of information or transactions cannot be altered by any of the participating parties, unless it is altered by all. A procurement blockchain platform can improve the process for identifying and verifying potential bidders, simplify contractor

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BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY

registration, provide a shared information repository on contractors’ past performance, and enable realtime reporting.” Prof Williams-Elegbe adds that “conducting public procurement via a blockchain platform ought not to change the nature of procurement regulation, but may serve to make procurement more efficient, transparent and less likely to result in disputes.” Noting that blockchain technology was originally developed to support the virtual or digital cryptocurrency Bitcoin, she says that it is currently being used to register land titles in India, Honduras, Georgia, Sweden, Brazil, Rwanda and Ghana, and that Dubai intends to move all government services to a blockchain platform by 2020. What’s more, companies like Walmart, Nestlé and Unilever have already used a blockchain system to track food in their supply chains, she adds. She also draws attention to the possibility of using so-called smart contracts in public procurement, saying they allow parties to transfer digital assets of value directly, without any institution acting as an exchange intermediary. “A smart contract is a contract that is formed and performed (often using cryptocurrency) via the blockchain. Contractual terms are converted into a computer code, and this code is uploaded to the blockchain and the system

acts in accordance with the code to execute the contract,” she explains. “The use of smart contracts presents many distinct features such as trust, irreversibility, autonomy, and decentralisation which are not inherent in traditional contracts.” Smart contracts could also help to alleviate the problems of too many intermediaries and the asymmetry of information in public procurement, she says. “A blockchain-based procurement contract is attractive for several reasons: the auditability and verifiability of transactions is unparalleled compared with paper and e-procurement systems, which are prone to fraud and manipulation. The transaction record may also provide the data that could be used to uncover anti-competitive practices, which often go unnoticed in the procurement process, and the transparency inherent in the blockchain meets the highest standards for public-sector accountability.” Although it may take some time, Prof WilliamsElegbe believes that blockchain platforms will increasingly be used by the public sector, although: “Like most new ideas, the adoption of blockchain will have to overcome obstacles, which might include an aversion to new technologies, integration with legacy systems, the cost of adoption, and gaining stakeholder support,” she concludes.

“The use of smart contracts presents many distinct features such as trust, irreversibility, autonomy, and decentralisation which are not inherent in traditional contracts.”

Prof Sope WilliamsElegbe from the Department of Mercantile Law in the Faculty of Law at Stellenbosch University

CYBERSECURITY

An answer to the 3 fundamental questions in IoT security The Internet of Things is bringing a wide range of benefits to business users and consumers alike. However, it is also creating its fair share of security risks.

DEMIA’s experts look at the key issues in protecting the IoT and how its offering, dedicated to bringing trust in the IoT, can address them. An unstoppable force that is reshaping the factory, office and home, the Internet of Things provides a vast array of benefits and one major worry – security. The desire for greater efficiency and productivity is now being matched by fears of what could happen if hackers took control of connected devices. And such fears are well-founded. In 2017, attacks on IoT installations soared by 300 per cent, compared to 2016. In fact, half of companies using IoT had data breaches last year, and security is by far the No. 1 concern for corporate users. That last statistic is not surprising, given the consequences of a successful attack.

The risks of opening digital doorways Once hacked, security cameras or production line sensors could be used as part of a large-scale Denial-of-Service attack, or simply be switched off. They could also infect other connected devices, or be used as a gateway for infiltrating the entire IT system of an organisation. Moreover, the data being sent from an infected device could be erroneous – with

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serious implications for personal healthcare devices, for instance. The range of threats is clearly extensive, as are the uses of connected devices. But broadly, the ‘pain points’ faced by IoT stakeholders revolve around three basic questions:

1. How do I trust the data I’m collecting? Gathering data is the primary objective of IoT – be it to avoid sending technicians to collect it, to use security cameras instead of security personnel, or to monitor patient health without needing to see the patient. Though the applications are different, all forms of data collection share the same needs for reassurance: that the data is coming from an authorised device (and not a clone), that it has not been modified, and that the device has not been compromised. Thanks to its offer dedicated to bringing trust in the IoT, IDEMIA brings a fundamental response to that question by creating a secure identity for each device. With this secure identity users can be sure the data is coming from an authorised source. To add a further level of protection, the data itself can be securely stored and encrypted during transmission, using algorithms best adapted for the given device and connectivity type.

2. How can I safely control my remote devices? The next step up from simply collecting data is the ability to send commands that will change or end the tasks being performed by a device. These could be to close pipes and valves at a chemicals plant, or in future to change the dosage of a patient’s insulin pump. More routinely, it could be the sending of a firmware/software update to a remote device. The challenge is to decide what can be carried out and by whom, and to ensure those access rights are then respected. IDEMIA’s solution ensures the remote commands and configurations come from authorised sources and can be trusted. It also enables a device to verify that the sender has the access rights needed to give that command.

3. How do I know if I have been attacked? Whether an attack was successful or not, users need to know if their devices have been targeted by hackers, so that counter-measures can be taken. The key here is to regularly analyse the event logs of devices and to be on the lookout for any changes in behaviour. If the attack succeeded, the device may well start behaving in an unusual way – suddenly sending twice as much data, every five minutes instead of every 10 hours, with vastly different values. Risk monitoring policies need to be in place, so that any unexpected changes will ring alarm bells. If any of these behaviours are identified, the next step is to immediately limit the contamination. For instance, this can be done by instructing a device to operate in a reduced capacity – similar to the ‘secure mode’ for a PC that has crashed – or by simply shutting it down. As a market leader in secure connectivity for a range of industries, IDEMIA is already helping companies to build and protect their IoT devices. It’s an essential task. For once the security measures are in place and being maintained, the benefits of IoT can be realised.

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CYBERSECURITY

Intellectual property protection vital in digital world

World Intellectual Property Day (26 April) raises awareness on how intellectual property (IP) impacts daily life. But while much attention is placed around the legal aspects, companies and individuals need to consider the security ramifications as well.

“I

ntellectual property runs the gamut of trade secrets, trademarks, copyrights, and patents. Protecting these in an ultra-competitive digital world should be an imperative irrespective of if you are a multinational organisation or a start-up just getting off the ground,” says Riaan Badenhorst, general manager of Kaspersky Lab Africa. And while this is not limited to any specific industry sector, the importance of manufacturing in Africa puts the pressure on businesses to ensure their secrets are safe from malicious users. “Research shows that 21 per cent of manufacturers globally have suffered a loss of IP to security breaches. “Malware was the most common cause of data loss, but theft of mobile devices and software vulnerabilities that were exploited contributed to this as well,” says Bethwel Opil, enterprise sales manager of Kaspersky Lab Africa in Kenya.

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Even though cybersecurity solutions are not typically the first thing that is thought of when it comes to IP protection, the increasingly connected business landscape sees it become a necessity. “Cybersecurity is no longer just about anti-virus and firewalls. Instead, it encompasses an eco-system that must protect all entry points into an organisation, safeguarding the most fundamental thing needed for success – data,” says Badenhorst. And part of that data is IP that provides a business with its competitive advantage. In fact, data has been cited as one of the most valuable resources today as it enables a company to drive growth and differentiate itself in ways previously unimagined. “To protect data (and IP) requires cybersecurity solutions that factor in the continually evolving threat landscape. This is especially the case with the ubiquity of mobile devices on the continent. “The risk of lost or stolen devices providing an easy point of access to

sensitive data must be mitigated with a security approach that encompasses these critical touch points,” says Opil. Additionally, IP protection must be proactive. Companies can ill afford to have that data compromised and try and keep it secure after the fact. “A cybersecurity solution needs to provide automatic protection against known and unknown threats. It must scan each programme, device, and other bits of information trying to access the network and assess its threat risk. “By having this round-the-clock monitoring, a business (or entrepreneur) can have the peace of mind that all the necessary steps have been taken to protect IP,” adds Badenhorst. IP protection is likely to become only more intense as the Internet of Things and the rise of connected device grow. The organisations and entrepreneurs that will be successful in the future will be the ones that protect themselves now.

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

PERSONALITY XXX PROFILE

In conversation with…

Silke Kaiser

Author and polygraphist By Ingrid Olivier

If ever there was an apt title for a book, “Gotcha” by polygraphist Silke Kaiser is it. A true account of crime in South Africa, her book is dedicated to “all the victims of crime in South Africa, of whom there are far too many”. Finding her life’s passion After leaving the security of her job at a roofing company, where she had worked for 16 years, Silke wasn’t sure what she wanted to do. She just knew that she needed something fulfilling. “At the age of thirtynine, I had quite frankly lost my way in life,” she says with characteristic candour. “For a while, I was unemployed, frozen by indecision as to what I should be doing with my life.” And then one day in May 2004, while she was helping a good friend in her stationery shop, an event occurred that led to her finding her life’s passion. As she took her purse out of her bag to buy a lottery ticket at a nearby garage on her way home, she saw that the R150 she’d put into it the night before was gone. Only one person had the means and opportunity to steal the money, and that was the shop cleaner Gladys. As it turned out, Gladys had also helped herself to money from the cash register that same day. Silke and her friend confronted her, whereupon Gladys denied the accusations and offering to take a lie detector test to prove her innocence. “I knew she meant a polygraph test. I was fascinated by crime and had learnt a lot about criminality at that stage because I literally devoured non-fiction books on the subject,” Silke recalls. “I was practically an expert on serial killers!” The friends found an advert for a polygrapher advertising accurate results, contacted him and set up an appointment for the following day. After he’d tested Gladys, he emailed his report to Silke’s friend, a report that showed that the cleaner’s relevant responses had shown deception. Throughout their subsequent meeting

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with Gladys, Silke says she sat stony-faced, looking at the floor. “I watched her face carefully and saw an unreadable expression in her eyes. I didn’t know it then, but on that day, that still-faced expression would become deeply familiar to me over the next ten years.” By the time she left the shop, Silke had made up her mind to become a polygraphist. “I was fascinated and I knew I was a natural at questioning people. My analytical mind could slice through information to get to the correct conclusion. And so I was led along a path where I would be placed on the front lines of crime in South Africa.” Choosing Polygraph SA from a list, she set up an interview for the next day with owner Cliff Coetzee. Cliff outlined the course to her, warning her that she would have to deal with sexual abuse, murders, infidelity and arson. He didn’t mention farm attacks, though, something that would become her passion. After completing an intensive three-week fulltime course, followed by six months of practical learning, a nervous Silke conducted her first test. The subject failed. She passed with flying colours. From handing out flyers in the traffic to cold calling on companies, Silke built her practice up, learning to read body language and honing her gut feel as she did so. She also became aware of what she calls “the walk of a human being bearing the load of utter defeat”. “People view the world from the way they act,” she explains. “If they are honourable, ethical and truthful, they expect the same from others. Often, when trust in employees proves to be misplaced, the victims are forever changed on some level and will

often say after the fact ‘nothing surprises me anymore’”. In 2012 Silke started a degree in Criminology, studying subjects such as the causes and prevention of crime, youth misbehaviour and criminal psychology. Constantly aware of the enormous responsibility of her work and its potential to destroy people’s lives, she says she will never forget the suicide of an employee found guilty of theft. “I wanted to leave polygraphing at this stage of my life, until somebody pointed out to me that, incredibly sadly, there are many successful suicides. All those close to such a person have been unable to save them or to actually change the course of ensuing events, and this gave me a different perspective. Polygraph has taught me that things can get very real, very quickly and can result in tragic consequences. To this day, if I feel that someone whom I have polygraphed, regardless of whether they pass or fail, and in particular, if they have made a confession and are struggling in any way, I always insist on them getting psychological care.”

Farm attacks From lying nurses, thieving employees and animal abusers to drug addicts, murderers and arsonists, Silke has encountered them all. She added farm attackers to her portfolio after meeting a man called Lukas Swart, whom, she says, gave her a key that would unlock a door that would change her life. “Lukas asked me what I knew about farm attacks, and if I knew they were planned,” recalls Silke, who learned from him that no farm attack occurred without inside information from at least one employee. He also told her about the modus operandi,

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PERSONALITY PROFILE

which involved hit squads and informants and “watchers in the woods” to coin her own phrase. In the years following her first meeting with Lukas, Silke has become an expert on one of South Africa’s crime scourges. For one thing, farm attacks are not racially motivated – the main motive is robbery, she says. “They’re meticulously planned – and it’s the contact people who request the torture, rape or murder of the farmers. However, should one person of the hit squad change their mind on the scene, then all the members of the hit squad will change their mind. This is because their belief in witchcraft makes them extremely superstitious, and when someone changes their mind, they see it as a ‘sign’.”

Trauma bonding Trauma bonding is another area of human nature that Silke has come to understand over the years. “Women mostly – and there are exceptions to the rule – become accomplices or become involved in violent crimes if they are trauma-bonded to an intimate partner or a drug-addicted son,” she explains. This is a phenomenon that she sees regularly: toxic, chaotic relationships that see the trauma-bonded victims committing or facilitating theft and other crime forms at the behest of abusive partners in their desperation to please them. Mothers of addicted children also live in a state of co-dependency, she says. “In my line of work, I have been exposed to drug addicts who have nothing to show for their lives – adult children who steal, lie and deceive. Often the addicted children lose their jobs, forcing them to live with their parents or other family members, and then they start stealing from their benefactors to support their habit. It goes without saying that any person who is using any sort of drug is a high-risk employee.”

Prisons and gangs According to Silke, all the prisons in South Africa are controlled by gangs, and the gangs all have their own tattoos. Shockingly, the only way to enter gangs is through the spilling of blood, she says, adding that all gangs have an “unwritten book” which gang members must be able to recite on cue.

Home invasions The terror of having a gun pointed at your head has a lasting effect on victims. A trauma counsellor for a while at the Sandton Police Station, she says the training she received has stood her in good stead, especially when she polygraphs family members and staff for complicity in

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attacks. “Due to my training, I am keenly aware when someone displays authentic or inauthentic trauma,” she says. And, as in farm attacks, the main prizes are guns, money and jewellery. Further, in almost all home invasions, cell phones are stolen, so, if a supposed victim retains his cell phone when others are stolen, then that person must, without doubt, be included in the investigation. Research shows that about 77 per cent of home invasions are inside jobs, and that if the criminals are not acting on inside information, they will target homes with specific criteria such as a red door, sloping green tiled roof or other distinguishing factors. “They believe this is their good luck charm,” explains Silke, adding that once they’ve identified the house, they will usually then visit the sangoma for protection. Dogs, she notes, are only deterrents if they sleep inside at night.

Cash-in-transit (CIT) heists Another of South Africa’s crime blights, cash-in-transit heists, like farm attacks, are planned well in advance and in great detail, according to Silke. And there’s more than one way in which the gangsters gain the cooperation of the employees of the guarding companies that transport the money. Recruiters or finger men approach employees, learning about their personal lives over a period of time and relaying this information back to the gang. The gang then visits the employee, threatening the safety of his family if he doesn’t cooperate with them to commit a CIT robbery. The employee is promised a cut, predetermined and up to R1 million. The belief in witchcraft plays a significant role in CIT heists, with gang members paying handsomely for spells for their own protection. Other times, she continues, someone on the truck is involved, by their own choice. “If a driver veers even slightly from the protocol to which he is meant to adhere, then this raises an immediate red flag, and in the event that he is not shot dead, he must be included in the ensuing police investigation,” she says. The gangs do practice runs to familiarise themselves with the route and decide where to ambush the truck. “Often,” says Silke, “the security guard that is shot dead is the one who provided them with the information. Why? Dead people don’t speak, and it’s one less person with whom the money must be shared.” Gang members are ruthless, and will shoot to kill, she continues. All the guns they use are real, the stakes are very high and

they are prepared to die.” It never ceases to amaze Silke how hard-core criminals cross over in their crimes. CIT robbers very often start off as ATM bombers, “progressing” to car hijackers and house robbers, and then to CIT robbers, which according to her sources, are considered to be the kings of the criminal world. They get their AK47s mostly from Mozambique and take anywhere from four to 18 months to plan a CIT heist.

Hijackings and car theft Most hijackings are of cars on order, and these are often taken across the border into Zimbabwe or Mozambique, says Silke. A very low percentage of hijackings see children being taken with the cars because the hijackers know that the police will take immediate and forceful action then. It’s not unusual for one criminal to be driving the vehicle while the other strips it to find the tracking device. Car thieves tend to spend an hour watching before making their move. Areas with nightlife and high-value cars parked on the road are the most popular, and security guards and car guards are involved at times as paid information providers.

Rape According to Silke’s information, in 2015 and 2016 42 596 rapes were reported in South Africa. It goes without saying, she says, that a lot more are probably not reported due to shame or pressure from family members.

Window washers The guys who splash soapy liquid onto windscreens at intersections are not usually smash-and-grab criminals but just people trying to survive, says Silke. However, she warns, if a driver gets out of a vehicle to confront a washer, he’s putting himself at huge risk. Washers, when pushed, will often turn violent or steal cell phones or other valuables that they can place their hands on at the time. Window washers will generally commit petty crime when they’re not “working” – stealing copper cable and manhole covers to sell for scrap and scavenging for a living. “If a car breaks down or someone has a flat tyre, window washers will assist,” continues Silke, “with the agreement among them not to steal from the driver. Even if the person whom they assisted isn’t able to pay them for their efforts, they will not be robbed.”

And lastly… “Through polygraph testing, I can see life from both sides now,” says Silke.

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

ON THE MARKET

Frictionless biometrics One might ask why there is so much hype around frictionless biometrics. After all, biometric technology has been around for almost two decades in the access control world, and over four decades in the law enforcement and government space. By Gary Jones, VP Global Channel & Marketing at IDEMIA, Biometric Access & Time Solutions

t last year’s ISCW show in Las Vegas, the MorphoWave Compact by IDEMIA won the Security Industry Association, New Product Showcase (SIA NPS) award for User Authentication, Identification, Credentialing & Management. This is one of multiple awards won by IDEMIA’s growing range of MorphoWave products, starting with the SIA NPS Award for the MorphoWave Tower in 2015, beating over 110 other product entries.

Why frictionless? One might ask why there is so much hype around frictionless biometrics. After all, biometric technology has been around for almost two decades in the access control world, and over four decades in the law enforcement and government space.

A changing market There are several important changes occurring worldwide that have created a growing demand for biometric systems to provide maximum throughput and convenience, with even

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

higher levels of security. The profile of the typical security decision maker is more IT oriented than ever, and is often someone who grew up with technology and convenience at their fingertips. Similarly the typical employee or user of any access control system also has a different mindset about technology than the type that existed 10 or 20 years ago. In general, the world has come to understand the benefits of using biometrics on a dayto-day basis as something that provides both security and convenience, whether by unlocking their phone with a fingerprint or face capture, or getting through a passenger fast-track system at an airport. As this comfort and familiarity grows, so do the expectations around biometrics.

A tall order Anyone in the security industry knows that convenience and security are typically considered to be inversely related; in other words, a tradeoff has to be made somewhere. So how do we then double or triple the throughput of a biometric access control system without any compromise in security?

The answer is in our hands… We have five fingerprints on each of our hands, and each one is completely unique. In the past, it was difficult to scan more than one finger in an access control environment due to cost, time and usability, but several

major innovations by IDEMIA have changed the game completely. MorphoWave technology scans all four fingers in 3D with a simple wave of the hand. This touchless technology also ensures that approximately 30 per cent more data per finger is captured than with traditional systems. The high-speed acquisition technology of MorphoWave also captures multiple samples of each finger as the hand passes through the capture volume. All of this translates into a system which has roughly 50 times more data to match against for every transaction, when compared to traditional systems. In biometrics, the more data you have to compare against, the more accurate the system will be, and the lower the rejection rates will be. Of equal importance, the touchless 3D imaging does away with concerns of wet or dry hands, and variations in skin condition that can adversely affect many contactbased systems. The major breakthrough with MorphoWave is that all this extra, higher quality data, is even easier for the user to provide than with a single finger contact fingerprint sensor. All that is needed, is a simple wave of the hand.

Frictionless is more than just contactless To have a truly frictionless biometric access system, users need to genuinely be able to keep moving, and have minimum

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ON THE MARKET Immune to external factors Many non-contact biometric systems are highly susceptible to external factors. Nature is tough to compete with, and many face and iris systems have limitations about where they can be deployed, due to the large fluctuations in natural and artificial light that can occur from site to site, or from day to day. MorphoWave has been designed to operate in any conditions, from complete darkness to full sunlight, and anything in between.

Completely field proven inconvenience in the process. Systems that require pausing, stopping or changes in natural behavior are not frictionless. MorphoWave Technology is truly frictionless, and allows users to walk as fast as they like. MorphoWave is capable of throughput exceeding 45 people per minute even with very large databases.

The overwhelming success of MorphoWave Tower deployments in major Fortune 500 companies across the globe, not only proves the technology delivers on its promise, but also confirms the potential to use it everywhere. The new MorphoWave Compact is designed specifically with this in mind; to allow customers to leverage the technology beyond the lobby, at every

door. The latest SIA NPS Award is further confirmation from industry experts that the MorphoWave compact is a winning solution to frictionless security. MorphoWave Compact integrates into 27 of the industry’s leading physical access control systems, and is designed to work seamlessly with MorphoWave Tower and Morpho Sigma Series readers. The MorphoWave Compact is 86 per cent smaller and 93 per cent lighter than the MorphoWave Tower, while retaining the same large scanning volume. The MorphoWave Compact’s reduced size combined with an IP65 rating, embedded Prox, iClass & Mifare/ DESfire reader and large format touchscreen, ensure customers can now experience frictionless access everywhere…with a simple wave of the hand.

Secutraq all-in-one bodycam

he Secutraq All-in-One bodycamera, is the only bodycam on the market with all the following functions: • Tracking of guards via GPS. • Image capturing in real-time & video recording of up to 2 minutes. • Voice communication directly to the SecuTraq bodycam via GSM. • Cloud-based storage – Photos, videos and events are stored securely in the Cloud. Our App and bodycam allow for efficient management of security guards in the field, via the SecuTraq platform. The control room operators can access the platform, track and monitor their security workforce in real-time and make informed decisions. Cloud-based storage is a huge advantage, even if a bodycam or smart phone is lost; all the data collected i.e. photos, videos and events are stored in the Cloud. It has proven to be a great tool in the security services environment, allowing security companies to have a more proactive approach in managing their clients’ expectations and requirements. Now these companies can access supporting images and videos of occurrences or incidents on site. The bodycam allows for real-time guard tracking, even in very remote areas due to the GPRS. Routes can be pre-planned for patrolling via virtual waypoints; allowing

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for the management of late arrivals, early abscondments and time & attendance. The control room operator can also request images from the bodycam from a remote area, ensuring that if the guard is under duress and is unable to press any button, the control room operators will be able to obtain images of the incident and will be able to send help or EMS, if needed. The SecuTraq platform is accessible from your PC, tablet or phone wherever you are, to monitor the guards in real-time. The bread crumb trail will show the guards’ exact routes – tracking them throughout their shifts. With our technology you will be able to collect, organise and store comprehensive data about your guard tour and patrol operations and have our platform automatically generate reports on the shifts’ activities whether daily/weekly or monthly.

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

ON THE MARKET

New endpoint security cloud More security controls, mobile-friendly licensing and scalability: the new Kaspersky Endpoint Security Cloud now comes in two tiers.

aspersky Endpoint Security Cloud is a cloud-based cybersecurity product for small and mediumsized businesses that seek easy security management and benefit from cloud services. The product offers both essential cybersecurity functionality from the cloud, as well as extended capabilities including vulnerability assessment, patch and encryption management. With the new licensing model covering two mobile devices per license for free, Kaspersky Endpoint Security Cloud protects both employees’ mobility and business data.

Two-tier solution for various business needs While growing their operations, businesses may demand more control and scalable protection, combined with the same flexibility and ease of management from the cloud. Companies can now choose between two editions of Kaspersky Endpoint Security Cloud, so they can adopt the level of protection control they require while enjoying the same fast and scalable software-as-aservice product. Kaspersky Endpoint Security Cloud includes the classic set of cybersecurity technologies, such as file, web and mail protection, firewall, network attack blocker, behavior detection and exploit prevention. Along with web threats, the product now helps to prevent malicious programs exploiting vulnerabilities in outdated software. This has been made possible through vulnerability assessment

functionality that reviews applications installed on corporate devices and notifies IT administrators about available patches. Kaspersky Endpoint Security Cloud Plus adds web and device controls, as well as patch and encryption management. Patch management functionality allows administrators to automate delivering updates for vulnerable applications. Encryption management reinforces protection of sensitive business data, ensuring data stored on remotely encrypted employees’ devices is inaccessible for those without the correct permissions – even if a device is lost or stolen.

Simple cybersecurity management with mobility fully covered In two-fifths (40 per cent) of SMBs[1], staff work remotely on a regular basis, often accessing services and storing business data on several devices. Kaspersky Endpoint Security Cloud provides companies the flexibility to support this trend in employee mobility by offering protection for one PC or file server and two mobile devices within one license. This means that there is no need to buy multiple licenses, and employees can still work on multiple devices – that could be Windows PCs, Macs, smartphones or tablets on Android and iOS — while businesses can ensure that they remain protected from cyberthreats. Kaspersky Endpoint Security Cloud is user friendly and does not require time-

consuming deployment and maintenance. It’s simple and intuitive management console is available through a web browser on a laptop or mobile tablet. Protection starts immediately after deployment as preconfigured security profiles are applied automatically to any newly added device, saving precious IT administrator resources. If more fine-tuning is required, administrators can create additional profiles manually or modify existing ones. Managed Service Providers (MSPs) or companies with distributed offices benefit from multi-tenancy of the management console, as it allows security administration of multiple organisations or remote offices from a single account. Through the newly available administrator rights management feature, several administrators can have access to the workspace, this is convenient for businesses that need several IT administrators or MSPs that need to share security management. “Cybersecurity incidents are not just a concern for large enterprises; small and medium sized businesses also face the same challenges. They too need a cybersecurity solution that provides proven and comprehensive protection but is simple to deploy and manage, as well as affordable. Kaspersky Endpoint Security Cloud is a software-as-a-service solution that meets these criteria because it does not require investment in hardware and protects businesses immediately after installation. The new edition makes this product even more tailored for SMBs seeking for scalability, mobility, remote working and collaboration scenarios,” comments Sergey Martsynkyan, head of B2B Product Marketing, Kaspersky Lab.

Integration and Intelligence Arteco, global provider of intelligent video management solutions, will take part at Securex 2019, the security industry’s leading conference and exhibition in Africa.

rteco will showcase its integrated and event-based solutions and unveil the new born in its software portfolio: OMNIA, Arteco’s user-centred intuitive UI. The interface is developed specifically for the Universal Windows Platform and enables a complete integration in Windows

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

10 and future releases, streamlining expansion and upgrade capabilities for end users. Available on desktop and tablet, OMNIA delivers real-time push notifications and system health monitoring to maximise uptime, and its user-friendly design facilitates fast and simplified access to information. Graphic acceleration and

multi-monitor displays empower operators to easily manage views from highresolution cameras and minimise video monitoring complexity. Arteco will also demonstrate its continued and significant focus on integration and event intelligence through the display of Arteco Security Connector, which extends

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ON THE MARKET

Unmatched convenience and control with the G-ULTRA GSM Solution The very first mobile phones, besides being decidedly bulky and impractical, were fairly basic in terms of their functionality. One could make and receive calls, send text messages and, in the case of particularly advanced models, access email.

owever, like most technological innovations (those that don’t fall into obsolescence, anyway) cellphones evolved along with the needs of an increasingly networkoriented society, and today offer users the ability to browse the web, stream videos and even produce extensive written works using built-in word processors. In 2003, a man calling himself Yoshi “published” the first cellphone novel, written entirely on his mobile device. In his seminal work The Rise of the Network Society, Manual Castells reflects on the massive impact that the advent of mobile telephone has had on the world. “From the 1990s onward, another communication revolution took place worldwide: the explosion of wireless communication, with increasing capacity of connectivity and bandwidth in successive generations of mobile phones. This has been the fastest diffusing technology in the history of communication”. (Castells, 2006)

When Centurion Systems developed their G-ULTRA GSM solution, we were determined to take wireless connectivity to the next level, and into the realm of home automation, giving our customers the ability to control their homes from anywhere. Complemented by an intuitive mobile app, the G-ULTRA lets you remotely activate, as well as monitor, your appliances from anywhere using your smartphone. Allow us to posit the following bonechilling scenario: You’re on your way to the dam armed with your rods and your cooler box, the sun has just started to creep over the horizon painting the sky in majestic shades of ochre. Today, you fish. And nothing is going to stop you. Suddenly you realise, much to your chagrin, that you forgot to arm the house alarm and there has been a spate of burglaries in your neighbourhood. Do you turn the car around and miss out on the

opportunity to show the bass who’s boss? Not if you have a G-ULTRA installed. Simply launch the app, tap the relevant icon, and rest easy knowing your home security is taken care of. Since the G-ULTRA can also be used for monitoring, it is even possible to receive confirmation that the required action has been carried out. Or imagine knowing about power failures before you get home. With the G-ULTRA, you can. Other applications include: • Opening and closing your gate or garage door • Switching on your sprinklers or pool pump • Activating outside lights • Monitoring fluid levels • Receiving push notifications of gate activity (opening, closing, left open, etc.) To reiterate, this can all be done from absolutely anywhere using your smartphone, G-ULTRA and the G-REMOTE app.

integration capabilities between thirdparty devices. The award-winning Face Recognition solution will be showcased as well, enabling conference attendees to gain greater insight

into the built-in analytic capabilities within the Arteco video management software. “Arteco believes in the combined power of three core functions essential for valuable software solutions: intuitiveness, intelligence and integration,” said Giampaolo Sabbatani, chief executive officer of Arteco. “These capabilities differentiate our brand within the marketplace and allow us to provide organisations in a variety of markets with the innovative tools they need to achieve effective security and maintain efficient business operations.” Founded in 1987, Arteco is a global

provider of event-driven intelligence solutions based in Faenza, Italy, with operations in St. Louis, USA and Johannesburg, South Africa. With a focus on ease of use and event management, Arteco’s research and development initiatives have united world-class, stateof-the-art video analytics and video management onto a single-platform to optimise processes and reduce costs. Arteco provides a wide range of software and network hardware solutions that integrate with third-party systems such as video surveillance, video management and access control.

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SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

CASE STUDY

Sanjivani Group of Institutes empowered with smart surveillance Prama Hikvision partnered with the Sanjivani Group of Institutes to offer the latest surveillance and Security Solutions. For the first time Hikvision has offered Artificial Intelligence-enabled Face Recognition Terminals – a revolutionary product, in India’s education sector.

anjivani Group of Institutes situated at Kopargaon, Ahmednagar is a premier institute for Engineering, Pharmacy, Nursing and Diploma in the Ahmednagar District. Sanjivani took its names and inspiration from the famous Epic of Ramayana where ‘Sanjivani buty’ was brought for the revival of life. “The Sanjivani Rural Education Society (SRES), was established by Honorable Shri Shankarrao Genuji Kolhe in 1983, at Kopargaon, a rural domain in the Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra, India. As the educational scenario changed with time, SRES understood the need to add a number of courses under the umbrella of the Sanjivani Rural Education Society (SRES), and consequently it gave birth to the Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sanjivani Senior and Junior College, Sanjivani Academy, a CBSE school and Sanjivani International school.

Security challenges The entire campus of the Sanjivani Group of Institutes is spread out in more than 100 acres land. There are different departments in various buildings, playgrounds, hostels and staff quarters.

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Due to a vast area and huge numbers of students, it’s very difficult for management to identify unauthorised people inside the campus. In the past, many instances of bullying, robbery, theft, ragging and pickpocketing have been reported.

Securing the campus With the expansion of the Sanjivani Group, there were many challenges faced by students and staff in terms of safety and security. “Consequently, we took our first step forward by installing Hikvision IP CCTV surveillance in all our campus areas for monitoring. The clarity and the quality of the camera is appreciable and satisfying,” said Amit N Kolhe, managing trustee, Sanjivani Rural Education Society (SRES). He further added, “Security technology has changed a lot. Understanding the need for security and the safety of the students, we decided to go for an up-to-date surveillance solution. “We contacted the Prama Hikvision team and their system integration partner Om Agency for an advanced solution. After understanding our requirements, they introduced some of the latest technologies related to security surveillance.”

He further elaborated, “After this, we then finalised key areas by conducting a security survey on the campus. We got many advanced solutions implemented with help of our SI partner and the Prama Hikvision team. “The solutions included ANPR cameras for number plate recognition of cars and bikes at entry and exit gates, facial recognition devices for time attendance and access control of students and staff members.” The advantage of Hikvision security and surveillance products is that things can be monitored through a single software platform, i.e. IVMS 5200E, which comes as all in one software. The same software can be used by seamless integration for time and attendance, access control and surveillance,” concluded Amit N. Kolhe. By visiting Sanjivani Group of Institutes along with System Integration Partner Om agency, the following solutions based on the latest technology and products were adopted: • Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) Cameras; • Tripod turnstile integrated with Face Recognition panels; • HD IP cameras;

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CASE STUDY

• A broadcasting solution for the seminar rooms; and • Face recognition-based access control systems.

Hikvision solutions delivered results: • ANPR Cameras helped the institute to identify unauthorised vehicles at entry gates, through which they stopped many outsiders in gaining entry into the campus area. • Face Recognition panels and Access Control Panels assisted the institute in

getting entry and exit records of students as well as visitors. • Through the large number of cameras installed at various locations, management is able to keep an eye on the entire campus. “Implementing this IP Surveillance project for Sanjivani Group of Institutes, Kopargaon was a great learning experience. We have built a strong relationship with Prama Hikvision over the past 10 years. They work with vendor partners to deliver solutions that suit the requirements. The efficient professionals and quality of service is

appreciated,” said Hemant Rokade, director of sales, OM Agency. “We are proud to execute this project with the support of Prama Hikvision. It was a huge challenge to execute the project of such gigantic proportions. While implementing the project, Prama Hikvision helped us through the project at every step. We appreciate the level of details and accountability, which Prama Hikvision has demonstrated in this project. This reaffirms our faith that Hikvision is the one-stop solution for all security and surveillance solutions,” said Mr. Pravin Rokade, director operations, OM Agency.

Customised mobile access control solution for iron ore mine The sheer size of mine properties, often coupled with their remote location, means that access control methods have to frequently be designed around out-of-the-box thinking. An iron ore mining operation in Postmasburg in the Northern Cape has adopted Turnstar’s bespoke mobile trailer-mounted solution that allows the mine to transport the critical access control function to anywhere it is required on the widespread premises.

ecognised for its pioneering development of physical access control security products, Turnstar carefully reviewed the mine’s specific requirements and developed a solution that factored in mobility, ruggedness and remote operation. “One of the factors synonymous with a number of mining operations is that because of their location, certain areas on the mine may be subjected to power supply issues. To overcome this problem, we designed the access control trailer to run off solar power. “The solar panels, which are built into the frame, can be tilted to maximise the solar exposure and the unit contains a deep cycle battery with an intelligent solar charge controller,” says Craig Sacks, managing director of Turnstar. The trailer powers six access control readers: two for pedestrians to clock in and out of the mine; and four for vehicles, with a double-height gooseneck, providing ease of use for car and truck drivers alike. The goosenecks are stabilised with concrete blocks, which are easy to move and deploy. Traffic Master 3-metre vehicle barriers with a BLDC (brushless DC) 12V motor and retroreflective optical sensor were mounted securely on the trailer.

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The clever design eliminates the need for a separate mounting post or for a receiver/transmitter on the opposite side of the road. Sacks explains that safety of operation was an important prerequisite in the design brief. The trailer is supplied with all the necessary roadworthy and registration documentation and all components are fitted into specially designed holders to ensure safe transportation. “Consequently, we gave much consideration to the safety of the cabling to

ensure that no accidental harm could come to users and bystanders. We have achieved our goal by using rubber ramps with cable channels, extending in a 4-metre wide span across the road.” Sacks says that the client is impressed with the system, which can be deployed within 5 minutes to provide a high-level access control barrier. Modularity and scalability are catered for with the ability to easily add lighting elements, as well as CCTV camera poles and brackets, for endto-end security provision.

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

CASE STUDY

Protecting a world-class data centre from criminal activity To protect RagingWire’s two million square feet of data centre infrastructure from criminal activity, AMAG Technology, a G4S company, and G4S Secure Integration work together to allow security personnel to monitor and control the numerous on-site security systems from one place.

n recent years, data centre colocation, which allows multiple businesses to power and secure their computing systems within a shared facility, has become a multi-billion dollar global industry. RagingWire, which is part of NTT Communications, one of the largest telecommunications companies in the world, was one of the early companies to help build the data colocation market in 2000. Today, the company owns approximately two million square feet of data centre infrastructure, which is equivalent to thirty times the size of the White House, in campuses across North America.

Intrinsic layers of security To protect its people, facilities, and its customers’ valuable data, RagingWire has deployed a number of security solutions, from officer patrols to campus-wide video monitoring, alarm systems and secure access control. G4S Secure Integration provides systems integrations to optimise technology and project management. And to counter any potential insider threats, the company only employs full-time and thoroughly vetted in-house security personnel, and trains each employee to look out for signs of suspicious behaviour.

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

This ‘always be prepared’ nature of security, as Mr Ankers describes it, has been supported by the Symmetry Access Control system, an AMAG Technology solution. While each solution adds a new layer of security to the centre, Symmetry Access Control creates a clear line of communication between each of these defences. This not only reduces the risk of error, but also integrates disparate solutions into one system that can be controlled and monitored from a single location. By integrating access control, video monitoring, and sound systems across the centres, users have a complete overview of all security systems. In-house security officers are fully trained to quickly analyse data from the network of cameras and detection systems in place, and can easily identify trends and detect potential threats.

Strict requirements for employee and visitor access When they arrive on site, guests use the Vingtor-Stentofon Turbine audio system to explain the nature of their visit to a security officer who can identify them through video monitoring and grant them access with the click of a button. For employees, an access card may be enough to gain entry to the centre, but as they move further into the facilities and

“So many businesses turn to providers like us to securely store their data. We have to keep our facilities safe from criminals who may wish to vandalise them in an attempt to sabotage valuable data, or steal expensive equipment.” Eddie Ankers, director of corporate security, Raging Wires. into more restricted areas, they may be required to show additional identification. Symmetry Access Control allows RagingWire to comply with strict security regulations which require employees to go through three-factor authentication. The system operates with various readers, as well as the IRIS scanner, meaning that for an employee to be granted access to a restricted area, they would need to present something they own (an access card) something they know (a PIN) and something they are (biometrics). Different sets of rules can also be determined within the system, easily deciding which level of access is attributed to each employee, and which of them have access to the most restricted areas. These rules can easily be modified from within the system. And if a threat is detected, the system can be used to block access throughout the centre to reduce movement and further risk, and issue announcements via the campus-wide audio system. Users always have a complete overview of all movements throughout the centre, and the ability to provide a real-time response to any situation.

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CASE STUDY

FIREARM LICENCE AND APPEALS

SECURITY TENDERS Legal advice for:

We specialise in:

• Tenders.

• Firearm licence applications for the security industry.

• Internal tender appeals.

• Appeals against refusals of licences and competency certificates for the security industry.

• Judicial and administrative reviews of tender awards and administrative decisions.

SECURITY INDUSTRY LEGISLATION • Extensive experience and expert advice on compliance with the → PSIRA Act 56 of 2001. → National Conventional Arms Control Act 41 of 2002. → Firearms Control Act 60 of 2000.

• IMPROPER CONDUCT ENQUIRIES.

LEGAL AWARENESS WORKSHOPS Fully customised. Includes: • Overview of Firearms Control Act. • The Constitution and Bill of Rights. • Competency Certificate requirements. • The Criminal Procedure Act emphasising: → Use of force. → Arrest. → Discharge on duty. → Search and seizure.

COMPLIANCE AUDITS • Full audit of all procedures and documentation for the security industry. • A detailed report back and presentation. • Opinion and suggestions to improve compliance with the: → Firearms Control Act. → PSIRA. → SAPS.

OTHER MATTERS RELATING TO FIREARMS Criminal: • Bail applications. • Shooting incidents. • Lost or stolen firearms. Administrative: • Firearm policies and procedures for security companies. • Standard operating procedures.

→ Interrogation.

Specialists in all security industry legal matters MARTIN HOOD +27 (0)11 234 7520 www.mjhood.co.za securityfocusafrica.com

martin@mjhood.co.za Like us on Facebook SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

CASE STUDY

Safe entry and exit solutions

for Food Lover’s Market

ASSA ABLOY Entrance Systems’ door entry and exit solutions ticked all the boxes for one of South Africa’s leading food emporiums, Food Lover’s Market.

ood Lover’s Market evolved from Fruit & Veg City, a family business established in 1993 by brothers Brian and Mike Coppin. The over 100 stores throughout Southern Africa, and even as far as Australia, supply a wide range of quality farm fresh produce at affordable prices. The brother’s vision for a modern eatery where food aficionados can indulge in a range of gourmet foods gave rise to Food Lover’s Market. This stylish food emporium is a theatre of food designed specifically with connoisseurs in mind and caters for discerning customers, the professional ‘foodies’ as well as regular customers who are used to the exceptional quality and variety on offer at Fruit & Veg City. Food Lover’s Market in Secunda needed a high quality, value for money door solution that would provide a safe, convenient exit point for customers. To ensure a clean, cool and comfortable shopping experience, the door system has to keep insects, wind and heat out of the store and stop the airconditioning from escaping. ASSA ABLOY Entrance Systems specified the Besam Bi-Parting SL500 Sliding Doors which are capable of meeting the stringent demands of an extremely high pedestrian traffic flow at a very high degree of customer safety. Food Lover’s Market therefore did not hesitate in ordering the Besam door system for their Secunda store. Impressed with the Besam doors’ seamless operation at the Secunda store for over 18 months, Food Lover’s Market placed a second order for five Besam Bi-Parting SL500 Unislide Sliding Doors to meet both their entrance and exit requirements at their Kyalami store in March 2015. ASSA ABLOY Entrance Systems, in conjunction with ALUMNISPEC CC Glass and Aluminium, completed the installation in the same month. The Besam Bi-parting door systems are extremely versatile and feature sensors that can be switched to an option of the user’s choice. For example, the doors can be set to automatic for normal door operation to

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

allow two-way traffic while the one-way setting allows passage from the inside only. In addition the doors can be set to remain permanently open or closed while the auto-partial setting allows for partial opening during two-way traffic. The reset option will return the doors to the closed position after which the doors will function as normal. All sliding door operators are linked to the fire alarm systems for safety and easy evacuation. Outstanding quality permeates the Besam range, from materials and manufacture to service, for maximised product lifetime. The Besam Bi-Parting SL500 doors carry

a 12 month warranty which commences from the day of delivery. Regular service inspections are conducted by highly trained qualified technicians to ensure optimum operation. Furthermore, Besam’s flexible one year maintenance contract can be conveniently extended every year. These two successful projects for Food Lover’s Market bear testament to ASSA ABLOY Entrance System’s ability to provide high quality, value for money door solutions that meet the exact job requirements, ultimately ensuring customer satisfaction and peace of mind.

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LAW & SECURITY

Commentary looking forward By Peter Bagshawe

The previously written article, “Service Level Protests”, gave rise to a number of comments and queries. The majority of these related to possible scenarios post-election and perceived likely reactions by the society following the swearing in of the new Parliament and changes in the representation of parties in Parliament.

orecasting the results of an election is well wide of the scope of articles, but as a general overview it seems, from polls and forecasts, that nationally the African National Congress will retain a majority in Parliament, with gains and losses expected within the opposition parties currently represented in Parliament – particularly given that a number of new political parties have been registered for the 2019 election. Electioneering and recent developments (including the recent dismissal by State President Ramaposa of Advocates Nomgcobo Jiba and Lawrence Mwerbi following the recommendations of the Zondo commission) indicate a willingness by the Executive to act. However, a number of major issues remain that will affect the government of the country on an ongoing basis. Given that the starting point of the discussion is the level of domestic disquiet evidenced by unrest and service delivery protests historically, it may be as well to start by looking at an international measure of unhappiness locally. The World Happiness Report released by the United Nations in March 2019 shows that, for 2019, South Africa placed 107th out of 156 countries surveyed, based on how happy each country’s citizens perceive themselves to be. The rating is

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geared around a standardised ladder system based on answers to 6 stated variables: income, healthy life expectancy, social support, freedom, trust and generosity. This is the seventh annual Happiness Report released. In the initial survey, South Africa ranked 78th out of 149 countries surveyed, with Venezuela ranked 5th. In the latest survey, Venezuela was rated one position below South Africa, at 108th. The level of the drop in ranking by Venezuela is dramatic and exceeds the drop in placing of South Africa in an order of magnitude but, given their current rankings, is worth comparison. As background, President Nicolas Maduro was re-elected in May 2018 and subsequently Juan Guaidó, the President of the National Assembly, based on an interpretation of the Venezuelan Constitution, was declared President by the National Assembly. Although Guaidó has been recognised by some 54 countries as the Constitutional President of Venezuela, Maduro has continued to retain power with support of the military and unions. There have been elements of protest and unrest in Venezuela in the period since the election, revolving not only around the Presidency, but also involving a declining economy, corruption, unemployment, food security, breakdowns in the supply of

electricity and water, medical services, transport and fuel prices. There are common threads that run through the Venezuelan protest drivers as well as the South African comparatives, but in Venezuela there have been mass demonstrations in a number of cities as well as calls for the military to come out in support of Juan Guaidó. The refusal of the military to change sides has resulted in Nicolas Maduro effectively retaining internal power. Turning to the local position, communities have, in various protests, given politicians warning of what their problems are as well as outlined what is expected in the coming Parliament from those who are elected on 8 May 2019. There have been varying levels of rhetoric from the political parties contesting the elections, with a number of populist statements having been made that, economically, politically and constitutionally may prove to be difficult to fulfil. The core remains, however, that the communities have concerns around high levels of crime, corruption, land, housing, unemployment, social security, electricity and water supply and medical services. Expectations have been raised by populist statements, with the level of rhetoric rising to the level of threats of future

imprisonment of former and sitting State Presidents. The level of fulfilment of promised benefits and improvements must be tempered by the reality of the local economy which is currently substantially stretched and, in the absence of the payment of the currently outstanding Chinese loan in respect of Eskom, precarious. In the coming period, the reaction of local communities to the non-fulfilment of perceived promises or expectations is difficult to judge. On the one hand, history seems to point to a level of acceptance and low levels of direct reaction. Should this not be the case, there are a number of permutations, the first of which would be increased levels of service protest leading to the need for action by the State security mechanisms to avoid spillage into areas wide of the usual areas of protest. This would obviously be an unpopular reaction within the protesting community, who could react by either acquiescence or escalation. A further possible reaction is the shift towards more right wing stances within the community at large. This is not a reference to supremacist groupings in the conventional sense, but rather increasing nationalist views along the lines seen in the last set of elections in both Brazil and the United States. In the case of the former, the sanctioning by the State

SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

LAW & SECURITY

of extrajudicial actions against criminals and more particularly drug dealers has become widespread. In the case of the latter, the electioneering around hardening of borders, crackdown on illegal immigrants and labour combined with aggressive protectionist economic measures contributed to the election of Donald Trump as President. In the 2016 election, the role of the fundamentalist or evangelical church has been noted as providing a base or rallying point in the blue collar and working class southern states. Taking this into the local context, the presence of equivalent churches together with a history of xenophobia locally and

particularly in sub economic areas could be seen to provide a base for increasing intolerance of foreigners and calls for or the adoption of measures (whether formal or informal) to reduce immigration. This stance would be hardened or expanded by the strain perceived to be imposed on the educational and healthcare systems (and their respective weak infrastructures) by additional loads that are increasingly being placed on local resources. The last scenario runs counter to the ethos and stance of the African National Congress. Looking into the medium term is not easy, nor are the likely outcomes attractive ones. In either of the scenarios above there will be a need for State reaction – and

INDEX OF ADVERTISERS & CONTRIBUTORS

here, the provisions of the Constitution may well need to be considered given that government is required to be based on the will of the people (through democratically elected representatives), to grant the protection of the law to all citizens and to improve the life of all citizens. In effect, the will of the people has to be recognised by Parliament and given effect once it has been established. This would be a test of our democracy should it come to pass. PETER BAGSHAWE holds a Bachelor of Law degree from the former University of Rhodesia and a Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of the Witwatersrand.

May 2019

PAGE

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Active Track Arteco ASSA ABLOY Boomgate Centurion Systems G4S Hikvision Kaspersky IDEMIA Leppard Underwriting MJ Hood & Associates Paxton Plaslope RDC Securex Security Association of South Africa Secutraq Sentinel Guard Monitoring Suprema Turnstar

9 30 36 OBC 31 34 IFC, 32 25,30 24, 28 23 35 1 39 15 11 IBC 29 10 OFC, 6-7 33

info@activetrack.co.za VColaprice@arteco.it za.info@assaabloy.com boomgate@global.co.za sales@centsys.co.za cash@za.g4s.com overseasbusiness@hikvision.com info@kaspersky.com micheala.williams@idemia.com kerry@leppard.co.za martin@mjhood.co.za support@paxtonaccess.co.za glenda.aereboe@plaslope.com sales@radiodata.co.za leighm@specialised.com admin@sasecurity.co.za corlia@secutel.co.za sales@guardreports.co.za enquiry@suprema.co.za craig@turnstar.co.za

www.activetrack.co.za www.arteco-global.com www.assaabloy.co.za www.boomgatesystems.co.za www.centsys.co.za www.g4s.com www.hikvision.com www.kaspersky.co.za www.idemia.com www.leppard.co.za www.mjhood.co.za www.paxtonaccess.co.za www.plaslope.com www.radiodata.co.za www.securex.co.za www.sasecurity.co.za www.secutel.co.za www.guardreports.co.za www.suprema.co.za www.turnstar.co.za

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SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019

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CALENDAR

Conferences, events & exhibitions of interest to the security industry LOCAL EVENTS: 2019 MAY 14-16: Securex South Africa 2019 Venue: Gallagher Convention Centre, Midrand, Johannesburg Tel: +27 (0)11 835 1565 www.securex.co.za. MAY 14-16: A-OSH EXPO Venue: Gallagher Convention Centre, Midrand, Johannesburg Tel: +27 (0)11 835 1565 www.aosh.co.za.

INTERNATIONAL EVENTS: 2019 MAY 21-24: CNP Expo Venue: Marriott Marquis | San Francisco, CA www.cnpexpo.com MAY 22-23: Infosecurity Mexico 2018 Venue: Centro Citibanamex, Mexico www.infosecuritymexico.com MAY 29-31: IFSEC Philippines Venue: SMX Convention Centre, Pasay City, Metro Manila www.ifsec.events/philippines JUNE 18-20: IFSEC International Venue: ExCeL London UK www.ifsec.events/international/exhibit2019

SEPTEMBER 24-26: Securex East Africa Venue: Visa Oshwal Centre, Nairobi www.securexpoeastafrica.com OCTOBER 2-3: Finnsec Venue: Messukeskus Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Email: customer.service@messukeskus.com www.finnsec.messukeskus.com OCTOBER 17-20: Isaf Venue: Istanbul Expo Center Hall, Turkey Email: marmara@marmarafuar.com.tr www.isaffuari.com/en OCTOBER 22-25: Interpolitex Venue: All-Russian Exhibition Centre VDNH, Moscow, Russia Email: eshatrova@mvkexpo.com www.interpolitex.ru/en OCTOBER 28-31: CPSE Venue: Shenzhenb Convention & Exhibition Center, Shenzhen, China Email: overseas_market@cps.com.cn www.cpse.com.cn OCTOBER 28-30: Bidec Venue: Bahrain International Exhibition & Convention Centre, United Arab Emirates Email: ahmed.jarakji@clarionevents.com www.bahraindefence.com

NOVEMBER 13–15: Sicurezza Venue: Fieramilano – Rho, Milano, Italy Tel: +39 02 4997 6241 Email: fierasicurezza@fieramilano.it www.sicurezza.it/en NOVEMBER 18– 20: DSEI Japan Venue: Makuhari Messe, Tokyo, Japan Tel: +44 (0) 20 7384 8274 Email: alex.soar@clarionevents.com www.dsei-japan.com/welcome NOVEMBER 19–20: Sectech Sverige Venue: Stockholmsmässan, Stockholm, Sweden Tel: +46 8 556 306 80 Email: deniz.baykal@armedia.se www.sectech.nu NOVEMBER 20–22: All over IP Venue: Sokolniki Exhibition and Convention Centre, Moscow, Russia Email: skochko@groteck.ru www.all-over-ip.ru/en DECEMBER 3-4: International Security Expo Venue: Olympia , London, United Kingdom Tel: +44 20 8947 9177 Email: info@internationalsecurityexpo.com www.internationalsecurityexpo.com

TEL: +27 11 452 1115 FAX: +27 11 452 3609 WEBSITE: www.plaslope.com EMAIL: glenda.aereboe@plaslope.com

TAMPER EVIDENT SECURITY BAGS • Debasafe® Tamper Evident Security Bags are used whenever tamper-evident movement is critical. • We manufacture to order and assist in tailor-made solutions to suit your security needs. • A comprehensive range of security features are standard on the bags and additional features can be added. • The sealing strip is used for exacting demands with a heat indicator displaying attempts to tamper. • Tampering by means of cold, heat, solvents, liquids & manipulation is clearly visible. • Bags can be customised according to customer’s requirements with exclusive numbering & bar-coding. • Bags are manufactured in either transparent or opaque LDPE film, in various grades to meet specific requirements.

The bags are used for the safe movement of: • Government Departments • Foreign Exchange • Confidential Documents (Examinations, Elections, Passports, Visas etc.) • High Value Items (Diamonds, Precious Metals, Forensic Evidence, Cellphones, Computer Equipment) • Cash (Banks & Cash-in-Transit companies)

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SECURITY FOCUS AFRICA MAY 2019