Planet Jackson Hole July 5, 2018 by Planet Jackson Hole

JACKSON HOLE’S ALTERNATIVE VOICE | PLANETJH.COM | JULY 4-10 2018

As Wyoming’s grizzly hunting season approaches, Native tribes and wildlife advocates are placing their bets on federal lawsuits meant to halt the hunt

| PLANET JACKSON HOLE |

2 | JULY 4, 2018

July 2018

St. John’s Calendar of Events Most events are free unless otherwise noted.

Health & Wellness

Support Groups Teton Parkies (For those affected by Parkinson’s Disease)

Joint Classes

Gather for mutual support, discussion of disease and therapies, and more.

Information for people considering or scheduled for joint replacement surgery Tuesday, July 3, 4-5:30 pm Thursday, July 12, 8-9:30 am Tuesday, July 17, 4-5:30 pm Thursday, July 26, 8-9:30 am Tuesday, July 31, 4-5:30 pm Physical Therapy Room St. John’s Medical Center

POWER UP! A movement and voice class. Mondays, July 2 and 9 Senior Center, $4 for ages 60 and up; $7 under 60 Walk at Emily’s Pond Tuesday, July 10 Parkie Potluck Tuesday, July 24 Member’s home in Wilson Contact Elizabeth at 307.733.4966 or 614.271.7012

W! Growing Through Grief NE An 8-week program for those experiencing the loss of a loved one. Led by St. John’s Hospice social worker Oliver Goss, LCSW. Thursdays, July 19–September 6 noon –1 pm To register, call 307.739.7463

Grief Support Group

Memory Loss Support Group

Led by St. John’s Hospice social worker Oliver Goss, LCSW Drop-ins welcome, but please call ahead Wednesdays, July 11 and July 25 Noon – 1 pm

For those suffering from persistent memory problems; family members and caregivers welcome Thursday, July 12 Noon – 1 pm

Call 307.739.7463

For information, call 307.739.7434

Teton Mammas

Weight Management Support Group

For new babies and their families Wednesday, July 11 10 am – noon Moose-Wapiti Classroom Wednesday, July 25 10 am – noon OB waiting area St. John’s Medical Center

For information, call 307.739.6175

Exploring Options for Returning to Work Breastfeeding Part 2: Bottle feeding a breastfed baby Wednesday, July 18 10 am–noon Boardroom St. John’s Medical Center

tetonhospital.org/calendar

Open to everyone interested in weight loss and those considering (or who have had) bariatric surgery

Call for updated date and time 307.739.7634

Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Group in Spanish In Spanish! ¡En Español! Zumba with Elvis. Family friendly. Mondays and Wednesdays 5:30 – 6:30 pm Moose-Wapiti Classroom St. John’s Medical Center

For information, call 307.739.7678

Chronic Pain? This free 8-week class will teach you to use your brain to help manage your pain. Fridays, July 13–August 31 11:30 am–1 pm

Please register by calling 307.739-7589.

Childbirth Education Class For expectant parents Saturday, July 14 8:30 am–5 pm

Please register by calling 307.739.6175

Please register by calling 307.739.6199

Foundation 4th of July Parade See our entry for the Living Center! Wednesday, July 4, 10:30 am Downtown Jackson

17th Annual Steve Winograd Memorial Diabetes Tennis Tournament Spine Classes Information for people considering or scheduled for spine surgery Monday, July 2, 1-2:30 pm Tuesday, July 10, 3-4:30 pm Monday, July 16, 1-2:30 pm Tuesday, July 24, 3-4:30 pm Monday, July 30, 1-2:30 pm Physical Therapy Room St. John’s Medical Center

Please register by calling 307.739.6199

Friday, July 20–Sunday, July 22 Jackson Hole Golf & Tennis Club

To register, call 307.690.2552

Auxiliary Monthly Luncheon The Role of Hospitalists in Health Care, with Matt Neimat, MD Thursday, July 5 noon – 1 pm Moose-Wapiti Classroom St. John’s Medical Center

For information, call 307.739.7517

625 E. Broadway, Jackson, WY

JACKSON HOLE'S ALTERNATIVE VOICE

VOLUME 16 | ISSUE 25 | JULY 4-10, 2018

@THEPLANETJH |

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8 COVER STORY

THE BRUIN BATTLES As Wyoming’s grizzly hunting season approaches, Native tribes and wildlife advocates are placing their bets on federal lawsuits meant to halt the hunt

14 THE NEW WEST

OPINION

16 THEATRE

12 LOCAL SYNDROME

17 DINING

13 LITERATURE

21 COSMIC CAFE

THE PLANET JACKSON HOLE TEAM PUBLISHER

SALES DIRECTOR

DISTRIBUTION MANAGER

Copperfield Publishing, John Saltas

Pete Saltas / pete@planetjh.com

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EDITOR

DIRECTOR OF DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT

COPY EDITOR

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ADVERTISING ACCOUNT EXECUTIVES

CONTRIBUTORS

Dave Alper, Chase Corona

Rob Brezsny, Kelsey Dayton, Annie Fenn, MD,

Robyn Vincent / editor@planetjh.com ART DIRECTOR

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Robert Galbreath, Carol Mann, Nate Martin, Andrew Munz, Sarah Ross, Cary Smith, Tom Tomorrow, Todd Wilkinson, Jim Woodmencey MEMBER: National Newspaper Association, Alternative Weekly Network, Association of Alternative Newsmedia

567 W. BROADWAY | P.O. BOX 3249 | JACKSON, WYOMING 83001 | 307-732-0299 | WWW.PLANETJH.COM

BY METEOROLOGIST JIM WOODMENCEY

July is the warmest month of the year, on average, in Jackson. Daily high and low average temperatures do not fluctuate much from the beginning of the month to the end. The average monthly high temperature is 82-degrees and the average monthly low is 41-degrees. July is also our driest month of the year, on average. The average total monthly rainfall is less than an inch, 0.94 inches to be exact. This is the only month of the year that averages under one inch.

The average low temperature this week is right at 40-degrees. The coldest it has ever been during this week is 27-degrees. That has occurred on multiple occasions. The last time we got that cold this time of year was back on July 8th, 1992. Prior to that, the morning low has dipped down to that chilly 27-degree mark during this same week back in 1988, on the 4th of July in 1971, and also on July 10th, 1943.

HIGHS

The average high temperature this week stands at 81-degrees. Our record high temperature during this week is 95-degrees. That was set back on July 4th, 2001. That record also qualifies as the warmest Independence Day we have ever had in Jackson. Other exceptionally warm record highs this week, when we hit 94-degrees, were: July 6th and 7th, 2007, also July 8th, 1989, back on July 9th, 1946, as well as, 94-degrees on July 5th, 1934.

NORMAL HIGH NORMAL LOW RECORD HIGH IN 2001 RECORD LOW IN 1992

81 40 95 27

THIS MONTH AVERAGE PRECIPITATION: 0.94 inches RECORD PRECIPITATION: 3.26 inches (1993) AVERAGE SNOWFALL: 0inches RECORD SNOWFALL: 0 inches

Jim has been forecasting the weather here for more than 20 years. You can find more Jackson Hole Weather information at www.mountainweather.com

JULY 4, 2018 | 3

Sponsorship opportunities are available for Planet Jackson Hole’s Almanac. To become a weekly sponsor and see your message here, contact 307-732-0299 or sales@planetjh.com.

THIS WEEK

| PLANET JACKSON HOLE |

JH ALMANAC LOWS

JULY 4-10, 2018

6 NEWS

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4 | JULY 4, 2018

ENJOY YOUR FLOAT, BUT DON’T ROCK THE BOAT. Respect our community!

•

Per Town of Jackson municipal code: No trespassing on private lands Open alcohol containers are strictly prohibited on Flat Creek. Dogs are prohibited in public parks. No dogs at large. Public urination is prohibited.

• • • • •

Please respect private property at all times. Utilize designated public access locations when accessing Flat Creek. Be considerate of neighbors and environment by limiting noise and disturbance to riparian habitat. Respect wildlife. Glass containers are prohibited. Please dispose of garbage in designated receptacles. Float at your own risk – no safety personnel present. Dangerous and swift flowing cold water, low clearance bridges and shallow water occur in some locations. For additional information and maps of public access points the Town of Jackson or the Parks and Recreation Department: www.townofjackson.com or www.tetonparksandrec.org

SINGLETRACK MIND Happy Fourth of July. I hope you’re celebrating our independence in the time-honored tradition of shredding single track! Skyline trail opened Sunday so go enjoy some big loops in Cache. Just keep in mind that it hasn’t seen traffic since last fall so be aware that the trail may have changed: rocks may have rolled and trees may have fallen. Also remember that most of our trails are multi-use and not directional. As the growth on the sides of the trails fills in and sight lines decrease, check your speed to avoid an unwanted encounter with a hiker, equestrian, dog, moose or another cyclist. And please, please pay attention to your surroundings—ditch the earbuds. There is one tree down on Arrow and two down on Phillips Canyon. Our trail crew is stretched pretty

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thin so they may remain there for a bit (hopefully not). Keep looking ahead! One way to help the trail crew is by respecting the trail: don’t burn in shortcuts, don’t ride when it’s muddy, don’t alter the trail to suit your fancy, don’t litter and definitely don’t leave bags of dog poop anywhere except in the designated trash cans at the trail heads. Thanks to everyone who was involved with the Cache Creek MTB race. It was a huge success with 50 racers, including a dozen juniors (led in both boys and girls by the siblings Peacock!). Now get out there by yourself, with friends, with an organized group ride or at an event and push yourself to try new things. – Cary Smith

JACKSON HOLE’S SOURCE FOR WELL-MAINTAINED BIKES, ACCESSORIES AND RIDING CLOTHING.

GEAR UP GET OUT GET YOUR FIX NEW FULL-SERVICE REPAIR SHOP AND JACKSON’S ONLY FREE COMMUNITY SELF-SERVICE REPAIR SECTION!

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GUEST OPINION

Susan Gore wants to privatize education in Wyoming. But when some of those schools fail, students would fail with them, Nate Martin argues.

Beware of School Choice in Wyoming A billionaire is making her rounds across the state to diminish the merit of public schools and introduce charters BY NATE MARTIN

opinion is no, it’s not—it’s corrosive. It’s another worldview. But somehow it has taken over our schools.” Since Wyoming doesn’t fund religious education, 39 of the state’s 41 private schools are Christian, Gore said. Under school choice, these schools would receive taxpayer funding and be open to more students. The problem with school choice is not simply that any yahoo with money can start and run a school, hire unqualified people to teach, and run their operation like a boot camp. I lived in New Orleans for five years after Hurricane Katrina and saw the rise of the nation’s first all-charter school district. Some schools were good, but many were not. The real problem is that school choice undercuts public school systems that, by design, strive to provide quality education to all students. School choice creates a businesslike environment where, by design, some schools succeed while others fail—and the students fail along with them. Schools that receive public funding under school choice are ostensibly open to all students through lotteries, but there are obvious ways to game the system. Some students will inevitably only have access to the “bad” schools. For them, a choice doesn’t help much. You can bet none of Gore’s kin would be among this group. PJH

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incentivize “bad” schools to do better— but of course that doesn’t work. DeVos memorably failed to explain in a 60 Minutes interview why people should support school choice as academic performance has crumbled in Michigan, her home state, since the system was introduced. Gore said parents face two problems when it comes to Wyoming schools. First, our pesky state constitution says that Wyoming shall have “a complete and uniform system of public education.” This prevents us from having the hodgepodge of wonky “individualized” institutions that charter school systems promote—Avila’s former school, for instance, focused on tennis and chess. The second problem Gore described is at the heart of the “school choice” movement: public schools can’t teach Christian education. In states that have adopted “school choice,” religious private schools receive what they have long coveted: taxpayer funding. Vice President Pence led the way in bringing “school choice” to Indiana while he was governor. As a result, private Christian schools there received upwards of $145 million last year in state financing. Gore and the “school choice” crowd argue that depriving Christian schools of public funding is discriminatory, because in a way, secularism is its own religion. “The question is: Is a secular education neutral?” Gore said. “And my

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WLG’s way of offering institutional support and resources for Wyoming parents who want to advocate for school choice—unsurprisingly, the billionaire-backed think tank wants to put parents’ faces and voices at the front of the fight. Gore’s talk began the same way all talks about school choice do: by disparaging public schools. They’re not teaching kids to read, Gore claimed, despite her own acknowledgement that Wyoming’s reading scores far surpass the national average. Plus, she said, there’s not enough discipline in public schools—kids are running wild. Gore lavished praise on Nick Avila, who recently came to Cheyenne to help launch the city’s single charter school, Poder Academy. Gore said that she admired Avila’s disciplinarian approach to education. This is despite the fact that Poder Academy’s founder (and Avila’s boss), Marcos Martinez, recently fled Colorado after resigning as director of a charter school there in the face of widespread abuse complaints. School choice advocates call for various specific outcomes. But the general gist is that school systems should operate according to free-market principles. Under school choice, anyone can start and run a school, and parents have the option to pick where to send their kids. Official charter schools receive public funding and donor support, but “bad” schools are punished with budget cuts. This punishment is meant to

ight-wing billionaires like the Koch Brothers have been pushing “school choice” for years. The movement seeks to defund and dismantle traditional public education and replace it with a model that, in some combination, relies on charter schools, vouchers, religious schools, homeschooling, and other decentralized, mainly private institutions to educate our youth. Betsy DeVos, a right-wing billionaire and the U.S. Secretary of Education, and Foster Friess, a right-wing billionaire running a strong campaign for Wyoming governor—are both staunch school choice proponents. That has perhaps emboldened another right-wing billionaire to introduce the movement to the Cowboy State. Susan Gore, heiress to the vast Gore-Tex fortune, is the founder of the Wyoming Liberty Group. The think tank promotes policies to defund and otherwise break down public services and infrastructure in Wyoming, notably schools and education. It’s no coincidence that the decade-old organization’s existence has overlapped with a sharp rightward shift in state politics. On Tuesday, the WLG launched the first installment of a seven-part event series called “Parents Unite!” It was the public debut of the school choice movement in Wyoming. Speaking to an audience at the Cheyenne public library (and livestreamed on Facebook), Gore explained that “Parents Unite!” is the

| PLANET JACKSON HOLE |

6 | JULY 4, 2018

JUNTOS

NEWS

People wrote messages in chalk outside of ICE’s Cheyenne office on Saturday as part of the nationwide protests against Trump’s immigration policy.

Wyoming Marches to Keep Families Together From Jackson to Cheyenne, people protested the separation of migrant families at the border and advocates say the fight has just begun BY SARAH ROSS

undreds of thousands of people in more than 700 American towns and cities took to the streets on June 30 to protest President Trump’s immigration policy. That policy, which Trump halted last week with an executive order, has separated more than 2,300 children from their parents at the U.S.-Mexican border. Among Wyoming’s participating towns and cities were Jackson, Pinedale, Gillette, Sheridan, Casper, Cheyenne and Laramie. According to Customs and Border Protection, 522 children have been reunited with their parents since the executive order was signed. But the order has left many questions. This American Life reporters spoke to lawyers that are representing hundreds of parents and children who say that there seems to be no plan for reunification, and that none of their clients have reconnected with their children. Many also do not know where their children are being held. About 50 of the parents of those children are being detained at ICE’s Aurora, Colorado, facility, the same facility most immigrants arrested in Wyoming are detained, according to CBS Denver. Trump’s executive order says families, many that are seeking asylum, will now be detained together but protesters reject that plan. They are calling not only for children to be reunited with parents, but also to end all migrant family detentions.

Far From the Border, But Close to Home In Wyoming, lawmakers have sent mixed messages about Trump’s immigration policies. “Congress must provide the full funding President Trump has asked for in order to build a wall and truly secure the southern border,” a spokesperson for Rep. Liz Cheney told the Casper Star Tribune on June 20. “Democrats in the House and Senate should stop using children as political pawns,” she continued. Sen. Mike Enzi wrote that “we need to protect our borders … but I do not like seeing children involuntarily separated from their parents.” Yet neither Enzi nor Sen. John Barrasso signed the Keep Families Together Act, which was proposed before Trump’s executive order. Every Senate Democrat signed it but the bill received zero Republican support, underscoring how polarized the issues surrounding immigration have become. Some of the protests in Wyoming demonstrated this polarization. In Jackson, about 200 people in the Town Square held signs demanding that families be reunited. A group of four counter-protestors gathered on the opposite corner, holding a large “Trump” flag. Several passersby told the counter-protestors that they were on the right side of the street, and some drivers shouted their support for Trump.

Planet Jackson Hole contacted some of those counter-protesters after the demonstration but did not receive a response. PJH also did not receive a return phone call from Paul Vogelheim of the Teton County Republicans, which has diverged from some Trump administration policies, like the administration’s stance on public lands. The majority of people passing the Town Square honked and waved, signaling their support for those protesting Trump’s policies. Dr. Lisa Ridgeway, a valley pediatrician for nearly 30 years, attended the protest because she is concerned with “state sanctioned, documented child abuse” at the border. From her years of practice, she knows that this kind of trauma can have lifelong impacts. “I think that is unconscionable,” she said. The unpredictability might be the most damaging for these young children, surrounded by strangers in a strange place. “No one can tell these kids ‘You’re going home, you’re going to see your mom on Tuesday.’ That uncertainty is so hard. I see what it’s doing to them physically and emotionally, and what it will do for the rest of their lives. Are we going to send them back to Mexico and they’re going to have to deal with it, or will we keep them here and we’ll have to deal with it?” she asked. To her, it seems that President Trump has not thought about the long-term

effects of his policy. “He shoots from the hip. He has no follow-up, how are we going to do this, how are we going to pay for it, how are we going to resolve it.” While Ridgeway has medical concerns, Leah Vader of Gillette, Wyoming, cited religion as a reason she attended the march in Gillette’s Lasting Legacy Park. Her sign quoted Jeremiah 31: “A voice is heard in Ramah, mourning and a great weeping, Rachel weeping for her children and refusing to be comforted, because they are no more.” As she thought about the terror of the children and parents taken from one another, this was the passage that would not leave her mind. As a Catholic, she has been disturbed to see members of Trump’s administration use Bible verses in ways that she sees as inhumane, such as when Attorney General Jeff Sessions cited Romans 13 to defend President Trump’s immigration policies. The story of the immigrant should be close to every Christian’s heart, Vader said. “It is the exodus story of our faith,” she told Planet Jackson Hole. “Catholics have always been a part of the immigration story. Think about how we came into the US, and how we suffered.” Vader estimated there were about 30 people at Gillette’s protest, primarily women, many Catholic. Some have been politicized by this immigration

ANNE MARIE WELLS

At the height of Saturday’s Jackson protest, nearly 200 people filled Town Square.

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authorized to speak about the protest. Carl Rusnok, a regional ICE spokesperson based in Texas, would only answer questions via email. In response to two questions, he emailed links to ICE’s website, one of which is defunct. When asked how ICE responds to the national protests, he wrote: “U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) fully respects the Constitutional rights of all people to peacefully express their opinions. That being said, ICE remains committed to performing its immigration enforcement mission consistent with federal law and agency policy.” While Wyomingites join together, many children still wait in facilities across the border, without their

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But, Serrano has noticed that something has shifted since this most recent immigration policy change. “It’s like this is a breaking point. They have pushed and pushed and this is just too much,” he said. For the first time, community members have reached out to Juntos, asking if they were planning a protest, asking what they could do. “That’s never happened before,” Serrano said. Juntos will continue to step up. “We strongly feel that we have an obligation to lead the way. When the nation is rising up, Wyoming has to go along with them … We will answer to the community and the nation.” When PJH contacted ICE’s Cheyenne office, two employees said they were not

parents. Their future is uncertain. Some of them, as young as 2, are appearing in immigration court alone. Though concern for juvenile immigrants has been front and center in recent weeks, this is not necessarily a brand new issue. According to Trac Immigration, there are about 414,724 pending immigration cases for juveniles. Many of these minors are in detention. More than 200,000 are unrepresented. This represents a drastic increase from just a few years ago. In the early 2000s, there were rarely more than 6,500 cases started per year. In 2013, that number more than tripled. In 2018, 114,727 new cases were filed— each one can take years to resolve. There is not concrete data regarding any juvenile immigrants with pending cases from Wyoming. Because there is not an immigration court in the state, the only way to know the number of undocumented minors arrested in Wyoming would be to note the age of arrestees on detainers issued by ICE in Wyoming’s cities. However, ICE recently changed their policies, and no longer shares the ages of the people they detain. Though information from Wyomingspecific detainers is no longer being shared, the majority of undocumented immigrants apprehended in the state are taken to detention facilities in Denver and Aurora, Colorado. In Colorado, there are 5,088 pending immigration cases for juveniles. Nearly a third of those minors are detained, and more than half are not represented. The vast majority of these pending cases were initiated this year. For those who are detained in Colorado, it is especially concerning, given that prisoners there have the longest wait time in the country before they appear before a judge—often upwards of two years. This issue is not brand new, and it will not end soon. While the new border policy has garnered fervor, ICE has also continued its normal operations. In fact, immigration attorney Elisabeth Trefonas confirmed that two days before the protest, ICE arrested two undocumented immigrants in Jackson. It happened so quickly that few people in the community even knew. Serrano hopes that Wyomingites who oppose policies such as Trump’s are in it for the long haul. “This isn’t about us and it isn’t about me,” Serrano said. “We’re here to serve the immigrant community no matter what.” PJH

policy, she said. One of them told Vader that she is terrified for the country: “She keeps thinking of Normandy. She was saying some other country needs to come save us from this leader. If I read that some other country was doing this to protect their border I would say it was horrendous.” The Gillette protesters held signs, and many people honked in support. However, some trucks flying Confederate flags drove back and forth, seemingly to make a point. A couple men walking past the protest had some heated conversations with participants. Vader saw that one of them carried a gun at his hip—not necessarily uncommon in Wyoming, but still disconcerting to her. She heard another say, “Are you people even from here? Where are you from?” suggesting that they were paid protestors. She wasn’t necessarily surprised. Some Trump voters in Gillette have “doubled down” on their support for the president as some progressives become increasingly outraged, she said. Only about 4 percent of Gillette is Latino, but Vader said she still wanted those who may be more directly affected by Trump’s policy to see that they are supported. “I can’t imagine how beleaguered they might feel, and I want them to drive down the street and see a bunch of wacky white ladies holding signs.” While Jacksonites congregated in the Town Square, and Gillette residents in Lasting Legacy Park, about 80 protestors in Cheyenne joined outside of the state’s Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) building, at an event organized by Juntos, an immigrant advocacy group. Juntos founder and ACLU organizer Antonio Serrano said the protest was peaceful but pointed. Some attendees wrote “Abolish ICE” on the building in chalk, and others wrote “stop separating families.” Nobody from ICE responded and there was no resistance, though Serrano noticed a police officer parked nearby, and several unmarked cars circling the block. “We were definitely being watched,” he said. Serrano is not new to community organizing. For the past few years he has helped create Juntos’s rapid response network that supports undocumented immigrants during interactions with ICE, and he has spearheaded the WyoSayNo campaign against the proposed private immigration detention prison in Uinta County.

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By Robert Galbreath

As Wyoming’s grizzly hunting season approaches, Native tribes and wildlife advocates are placing their bets on federal lawsuits meant to halt the hunt he grizzly bear is a sacred animal to Dr. David Bearbow Bearshield, a member of the Southern Cheyenne and Arapaho tribes. His elders taught him that it is sacrilegious to say the name of the grizzly bear aloud. He learned that the grizzly was his people’s spiritual relative, and that it was possible to commune with the bear in the Cheyenne language. Bearshield grew up in Oklahoma, where the grizzly was driven to extinction decades ago by European settlement. A few states away, he would forge a spiritual connection with a grizzly when he was invited to Livingston, Montana, to meet Brutus, a grizzly rescued from captivity and raised by Casey Anderson, a naturalist and host of National Geographic WILD. Bearshield journeyed into the forested foothills and felt no fear as he sat a few feet away from the six-foot tall, 800-pound carnivore. Donning a traditional Cheyenne headdress and wrapped in a tribal blanket, Bearshield began to speak to Brutus in the Cheyenne language. He told Brutus that he meant no harm and that he was there as a protector of all grizzly bears. Brutus was calmed by the soothing words and laid down peacefully next to Bearshield. The encounter would shape Bearshield’s career path. Today he works to preserve Native American religious rights and tribal self-determination through the protection of the bear. He is chair of Guardians of Our Ancestors’ Legacy (GOAL), a Native American advocacy

group focused on the bruin. Under his leadership, GOAL has grown to a coalition of more than 50 tribes across the American West. Recently, the organization has focused its efforts on reversing the removal of the grizzly from the endangered species list and the upcoming hunt in Wyoming. The organization relies on activism, petitions, and publicity campaigns to raise awareness about grizzly conservation and expand their coalition. It is involved in litigation against the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service over the delisting. Bearshield is passionate about Native American culture, people “and honoring our ancestors, so that our future generations will have what our ancestors made the ultimate sacrifice for: their identity, their culture, and their lands” he said. “That is what the grizzly bear represents. To us, the grizzly bear is the physical manifestation of the spirit of our Mother, the Earth. There is nothing more personal than that.” In summer 2017, grizzly bears in the Yellowstone region faced a precarious future when the U.S. Fish

and Wildlife Service (FWS) removed the bear from the endangered species list. FWS officials said the grizzly population of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE) had recovered sufficiently and was no longer threatened with extinction. For Native Americans, the decision was earth-shattering. Chief Stanley Grier of the Piikani Nation called the delisting “cultural genocide.” “It really attacks our whole identity as a people,” he said. “The grizzly are a vital component to our way of life our worldview.” Bearshield and Grier joined other Native American tribes and traditional leaders to file a lawsuit: Crow et a vs. Zinke. The tribes were not alone. A total of six lawsuits were promptly filed against the U.S. Department of the Interior and the FWS over the delisting. Environmental organizations like the Sierra Club and Wild Earth Guardians were the plaintiffs in four of the suits. A separate lawsuit was filed by Robert Aland, a tax attorney from Illinois who lives part-time in Wilson. The Native American plaintiffs, however, have unique claims unlike those in the other lawsuits. Their arguments reflect issues that have been the center of contention between Native Americans and the federal government for centuries: Native American religious freedom and tribal sovereignty. The lawsuit is part of a growing nationwide movement for tribal self-determination that grew in visibility during the Dakota Access Pipeline on the Standing Rock Indian Reservation.

Perception vs. Predator

JIM PEACO/NPS

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Mead wrote a letter to encourage Interior will randomly choose who will receive lawsuit filed by Earthjustice against the When Bearshield’s ancestors lived Secretary Sally Jewell to delist the grizzly a license to hunt in the fall. Hunting Department of the Interior and FWS. That in their traditional homelands before bear. Mead said the grizzly’s recovery was will be permitted on public and private lawsuit argues that the FWS decision to the first Europeans arrived, there were “a conservation success story” in the let- lands in six regions outside of the national delist the grizzly was premature. The suit between 50,000 and 100,000 grizzly bears ter posted by Wyofile on May 17, 2014. “I parks and Wind River Indian Reservation. disputes some of the scientific findings in the western half of North America. had expected to see a delisting decision Seventeen of the tags will go to Wyoming used by the FWS. They claim that grizzly They lived in habitats stretching from in 2014,” Mead wrote. “There is no reason residents, which are priced at $602. Out- mortality has actually increased in recent Alaska to Mexico and American explorers to wait. I encourage the Fish and Wildlife of-state hunters will pay $6,002 for the years due to changes in food sources and more conflicts with people. and pioneers saw the grizzly bear as a Service to work with Wyoming Game and remaining five tags. Smith plans to apply for one of the Environmental and animal rights vicious predator that stood in the way of Fish to develop and publish a proposed groups across the country, like the Sierra grizzly hunting tags as a symbolic protest. delisting rule expediently.” westward expansion. After several years of review and con- Club and the Humane Society, were Rather than use the tag to kill a bear, she A century of American settlement and development in the West destroyed much tinued pressure from Mead and others, a quick to condemn the decision. Bonnie will spend the day photographing grizof the grizzly’s habitat, and campaigns final rule that removed the grizzly bear Rice, a spokeswoman for the Sierra Club, zlies. That will save the life of at least one initiated by federal and state governments from the endangered species list went into said the hunt “will set back 40 years of bear for 10 days, she said. Despite public outcry, FWS officials grizzly recovery efforts.” Rice explained to eradicate the grizzly nearly drove the effect in the summer of 2017. Three Western states that the that grizzly bears are the second slowest stand by their decision to remove the animal to extinction. By the mid-1970s, bruin from the endangered the National Park Service countspecies list. The agency ed 136 bears left in Yellowstone said the grizzly has made a National Park, and approximatefull recovery in the Greater ly 800 others scattered in isolated Yellowstone Ecosystem. populations across the West. Jennifer Strickland, a But during this time, public spokesperson for the FWS, consciousness was shifting. The told Planet Jackson Hole that perils of industrialization had the grizzly has maintained given way to an environmental a stable population size of movement that included protectaround 700 since 2002 and ing critical and endangered anithat there is a healthy dismals. In 1973, President Nixon tribution of females and signed into law the Endangered young throughout the GYE. Species Act (ESA) to protect aniShe added that the size and mals on the brink of extinction. quality of the bear’s habiAnimals, then, received two tat has improved across the designations: “endangered” region. or “threatened.” Endangered Grizzlies have doumeant that the species was in bled their range since the danger of extinction in all or a mid-1970s, Strick land “significant portion” of its habisaid, and the bears now tat, while threatened meant that occupy more than 22,500 a species was likely to become square miles, an area largendangered “within the foreseeer than the states of New able future.” Hampshire, Massachusetts The grizzly bear in the GYE and Connecticut comand other areas across the West bined. Strickland said the were placed under the “threatFWS based its decision on ened” designation. peer-reviewed science from When the FWS has deemed education and research a recovery plan successful—as Bonnie Rice, a spokeswoman for the Sierra Club, said the hunt “will set back 40 years of grizzly institutions, individual it has with the GYE grizzly—the recovery efforts.” She said it has taken the bears 40 years to grow from a population experts and state and fedspecies in question is removed of 136 to around 700 in the GYE. eral government agencies. from the list of endangered or The successful recovery threatened species, or delisted. Each year, the ESA delists several species. Yellowstone grizzlies call home would mammal to reproduce in North America. of the bruin “is a wildlife conservation In 2017, five species were delisted includ- decide the bears’ fate. The feds handed She said it has taken the bears 40 years to achievement we are proud to celebrate,” ing the gray wolf and the GYE grizzly management of the bear to Wyoming, grow from a population of 136 to around Strickland said. It was a cooperative effort between local, state and federal agencies. bear. But the battle to delist the grizzly Montana and Idaho and each state draft- 700 in the GYE. Unsurprisingly, Jacksonites were also ed its own grizzly bear management plan. Among those state agencies is Wyoming happened long before that. The FWS first proposed delisting Officials with the Montana Fish, Wildlife vocal about the delisting and the hunt. Game and Fish. Its Communications the GYE grizzly in 2005 under the Bush and Parks agency decided not to hold Ann Smith has spent the last 20 years pho- Director, Renny MacKay, told PJH that administration. The bear was formally a hunt at all this year due to the pend- tographing local grizzly bears. After the while the grizzly hunt is the most condelisted in 2007, yet three lawsuits were ing litigation. The Idaho Fish and Game delisting, Smith placed a “Grizzly Lives troversial aspect of Wyoming’s plan, a immediately filed by environmental Commission, meanwhile, approved a lim- Matter” on the back of her antique truck. “large majority of people of Wyoming who For Smith, the grizzly is a majestic ani- offered feedback [to the hunting proposal] groups contesting the action. In 2009, the ited hunt of one grizzly bear. Wyoming’s plan varies from its neigh- mal and a symbol of everything that is support grizzly bear hunting.” three cases ended up in the Ninth Circuit Of the 407 public comments submitted Court of Appeals. Two years later, the bors. In May 2018, Wyoming Game and wild in Wyoming. She can often be seen court ruled unanimously in favor of keep- Fish voted unanimously to approve hunt- at trailheads in the region and on the by Wyomingites, more than half (243) ing the grizzly bear on the endangered ing of up to 22 grizzlies. The hunt is sched- Town Square handing out brochures to supported the hunt. But some public uled to take place between September educate people about grizzly bears and meetings displayed a more even division. species list. That made some in Wyoming unhappy. 15 and November 15. Hunters can apply encourage they protest the delisting. She Nate Hegyi of Yellowstone Public Radio In 2014, Wyoming Governor Matt for tags until July 16, and a computer has raised more than $82,000 to fund the attended one of Game and Fish’s Jackson

| PLANET JACKSON HOLE |

10 | JULY 4, 2018

meetings in November 2017 and reported found that an increase in wolf killings said, ignored the fact that two important He was involved in the original lawsuits that public opinion was divided. Planet actually led to an increase in the number food sources for the grizzly, the white- against the FWS’s attempt to delist the Jackson Hole also reported on May 23 of livestock killed by wolves the following bark pine and cutthroat trout, are both grizzly in 2007. His motives, he said, are that ahead of Game and Fish’s vote on year. The study examined the number in decline across the region. As a result, rooted in compassion. the hunt, group petitions of opposition of wolves killed versus livestock killed the grizzly has increasingly been preyAland has been an animal lover for poured in from Native American tribes, over nearly two decades in Wyoming, ing on elk and livestock. This has led to as long as he can remember. When he 100 wildlife photographers and 70 scien- Montana, and Idaho. For each wolf killed, more conflicts between bears, elk hunters was five, his father took him to the circus tists. The public comments from across the number of sheep killed by wolves the and ranchers. Mortality rates for griz- and Aland was so upset watching anithe nation largely decried the proposed next year increased by 4 percent, and the zlies in 2015 were particularly high due to mal trainers whip tigers and lions that he hunt: 2,341 were in opposition and 995 number of cattle killed went up 5 to 6 interactions between bears and humans, begged his father to take him home. percent. Sartarsiere said. An increasing number supported it. America does not properly care for of bears were killed by hunters in self-de- wildlife, Aland said. He is particularly MacKay said hunting is a key compofense or by park officials as part of man- opposed to trophy hunting, which he sees nent to the management of “all the large Recovery and Legality predators in Wyoming” and the state can as “shooting animals for no other reason Environmental groups involved in the agement actions. “maintain a recovered poputhan to stuff it and put it in lation and offer hunting.” But your den.” he was careful to point out Aland’s speciality is tax law, that hunting is not the only so his lawsuit focuses more on aspect of Wyoming’s plan. legal technicalities in the delTo ensure a “healthy grizzly isting process than on envibear population on the landronmental science. The lawscape,” Wyoming’s plan will suit he filed in September 2017 increase efforts in “monitorcovers 75 pages of complex ing, research, habitat, conflict arguments. The suit claims management, outreach and that the FWS failed to follow education, and law enforceproper administrative procement.” Game and Fish encourdures in the delisting process, ages responsible, “ethical” and that the public comment hunting through hunter eduprocess was flawed and ridcation programs and enforcedled with misinformation. ment of state regulations that are meant to preserve animal Freedom to Worship populations, MacKay said. For Native Americans, howMany hunting advocacy ever, the fight for the grizzly groups in the region support bear is more than an issue of the trophy hunt as a manageenvironmental science or legal ment tool for a grizzly poptechnicalities. The grizzly is at ulation that they believe has the core of their belief system increasingly come into deadly and culture. conflict with humans. Edwin Bear Butte, a mountain Johnson, a life member of north of Sturgis, South Dakota, Safari Club International, has is the center of the universe worked as a hunting outfitter for Bearshield and his people. for more than 30 years and said The Cheyenne believe that the the growing GYE grizzly popumountain takes on the form of lation is a “public safety issue.” Dr. David Bearbow Bearshield poses in traditional regalia near a grizzly. a female grizzly and that a cave Johnson said the bears no Despite the great diversity in Native American religions and cultures, Bearshield said that the in the mountain symbolizes longer fear humans, and that sacred status of the grizzly bear is universal to all the tribes involved in GOAL. the bear’s womb, Bearshield “grizzlies have frequently been said. The cave, or womb, is promauling and killing people in tected by the spirit of the grizzly and is lawsuits disagree with the scientific conthe area.” In fact, Johnson witnessed two clusions drawn by FWS. They argue that The lawsuit claims that grizzlies have an especially holy site for the Cheyenne. of his clients get mauled by bears in 1996 the grizzly bear in the Greater Yellowstone only recovered in less than 5 percent of “In that cave our Great Prophet, Sweet and 2007. Ecosystem has not sufficiently recovered their former habitat. There are currently Medicine, communed with the Creator “Hunting instills respect for the human and must remain on the endangered spe- five isolated populations of grizzly bears and received the Holy Covenant of the scent in wild animals including the wolf cies list. in the Northern Rockies and Northern Tsistsistas, the Four Sacred Arrows,” and the grizzly,” he said. Andrea Santarsiere, a senior attorney Cascades including the GYE grizzly. The Bearshield said. A 2018 report by Game and Fish shows for the Center for Biological Diversity, one other four populations remain protected The prophet Sweet Medicine received that the number of encounters between of the plaintiffs, had a strong desire to as endangered species. other blessings in the cave, and the blessgrizzly bears and hunters was higher in work with wildlife as a young adult. Her Sartarsiere said that the FWS cannot ings formed the basis for Cheyenne iden2017 than the previous year. The agency passion led her to law school. “Law is delist a species until all the scattered pop- tity. The Cheyenne also believe the grizzly recorded 13 incidents and four human where you can make meaningful chang- ulations have recovered. This precedent created another sacred site, Bear’s Lodge injuries. In 2016, there were eight record- es,” Santarsiere said. “It gives a voice to was set during the legal battles that erupt- (Devil’s Tower), where Sweet Medicine ed incidents and four human injuries. those who don’t have their own.” ed over the delisting of the wolf. In a case made his final prophecies. These numbers, Game and Fish said, are She focused her attempts on advocat- dealing with delisting wolves in the Great In the case of Crow Tribe et al vs. Zinke, not out of the normal range for the past ing for large carnivores, the grizzly bear Lakes Region, a U.S. Court of Appeals the litigants argue that the bear’s delisting decades. ruled that the entire wolf population in will be devastating for Native American in particular. Studies have followed the effects of Santarsiere said the suit contends that the lower 48 states had to be recovered nations that revere it as a central figure hunting on another recently delisted ani- the science behind the FWS’s delisting of before delisting could occur. in their cultural identity. Any decision mal, the gray wolf. A study published the grizzly is inadequate. The FWS, she Another lawsuit was filed by lone regarding the management of the grizzly by Washington State University in 2014 plaintiff and part-time Wilsonite Aland.

to believe, express, and exercise the traditional religions of the American Indians.” The law protected access to sacred sites, the use and possession of sacred objects, and the ability to practice traditional ceremonies, including those centered on animals like the grizzly bear. Crow Tribe et al vs. Zinke says the delisting of the grizzly bear violates the American Indian Religious Freedom Act. The language in the lawsuit recognizes that grizzlies “are of deep cultural and religious importance to all of the Plaintiffs.” The lawsuit states that in its decision to delist the grizzly bear and relinquish management to the states, the federal government “expressly refused to consider the religious beliefs of the Plaintiffs.” The lawsuit argues that “the practice of [Native American] religious faith depends on the continued health… and the regrowth of the GYE grizzly bear population throughout the entirety of its traditional and historic habitat range, which includes the Plaintiffs’ culturally and religiously significant homelands.”

Tribal Sovereignty

An Alternative Plan

JULY 4, 2018 | 11

Representatives from dozens of tribes gathered in the small community of Brocket, Alberta, Canada, on September 30, 2016, on lands belonging to the Piikani Nation. The tribal leaders were there to draft an important treaty called “The Grizzly Bear: A Treaty of Cooperation,

Cultural Revitalization, and Restoration.” GOAL, represented by Bearshield, is a signatory to the treaty. The treaty recognizes the central role of the grizzly bear in Native American culture: “The Grizzly has been our ancestor, our relative. The grizzly is part of us and we are part of the grizzly culturally, spiritually, and ceremonially.” The treaty commits each tribe to protect and preserve the grizzly bear. But the most revolutionary part of the treaty is its rejection of state, provincial or federal plans to manage the grizzly, claiming that “all are infringements of our sovereignty.” Instead, the signatories want to see the management of the grizzly bear handed over to the tribal nations. The treaty also calls for the establishment of “linkage zones” to reunite the remaining, isolated grizzly populations in North America. If the grizzly population needs to be managed in any way, the removal of a bear “will be undertaken with ceremony” and the parts will be handed over to spiritual leaders for traditional healing purposes. Seasonal closures would be established by the treaty to protect the bear during vulnerable times like food gathering, reproduction and rearing of the young. Each tribe could establish an ecotourism industry around the protected bears on tribal lands, bringing much needed revenue and jobs to reservations, the treaty said. Grizzly bear management, then, would not be based on the FWS’s “best available science,” but on traditional cultural concepts of coexisting with wildlife. The treaty states that the ancestors of contemporary Native Americans “were conservationists before the term existed in Western lexicon.” “We, collectively, recognize that our ancestors practiced the ‘best available science’ in the stewardship of the land,” the treaty continues, “as they lived in balance with our Mother Earth when the biomass was at its height.” The treaty commits to working with any federal agency, NGO or other organization willing to cooperate with “the intent of this treaty.” “Over two hundred nations have now signed the treaty, making it the mostsigned tribal treaty in history,” Bearshield said. In a letter opposing Game and Fish’s decision to allow a hunt of the grizzly, Bearshield drew the battle line. With the hunt, Bearshield wrote that Wyoming “will be perceived as a bastion of regressive 19th century attitudes that have no place in the 21st century.” A hearing date for the six lawsuits has been set for August 30. The suits will be heard before Judge Dana Christensen of the U.S. District Court in Missoula, Montana. PJH

| PLANET JACKSON HOLE |

“The grizzly bear issue is, and always has been, a Trojan horse to undermine tribal sovereignty,” Bearshield said. Once the federal protection of the grizzly is lifted, states will find it easier to impose their will over tribes in the region, he said. “The second a tribe adopts a plan that is predominantly state-authored, it sets a negative precedent for myriad issues that may arise in the future,” he said. The federal government signed a series of treaties with tribes who lived around Yellowstone at Fort Laramie in the 1850s, Bearshield added. The treaties recognize the Yellowstone region as the traditional homeland for 16 federally recognized tribes known as the “Associated Tribes of Yellowstone.” These lands contain many sacred sites for the tribes. Bearshield and other tribal leaders fear that the delisting will allow states to open tribal lands and sacred sites to mining and other forms of economic exploitation. Crow et al vs. Zinke argues that tribal sovereignty was further undermined because Native American tribes were not included in the federal delisting process for the grizzly. According to the lawsuit, the Clinton administration passed a series of executive orders that established procedures for federal agencies to “engage in direct, meaningful government-to-government consultation” when an agency’s policies conflicted with Native American interests. The executive orders decreed that federal agencies must be “sensitive to Indian cultures, religions, and spirituality, which often involve animals and specific geographic places.” All agencies were given orders to respect the sovereignty of each tribe. The Fish and Wildlife Service

was compelled to implement an “extensive tribal policy” that included the need for consultation with the tribes on “activities…that may affect endangered species.” But the plaintiffs in Crow et al vs. Zinke say FWS did not adequately consult with Native American tribes during the delisting process. One of the plaintiffs is the Northern Arapaho Elders Society (NEAS), the traditional governing body of the Northern Arapaho Tribe on the Wind River Reservation. An affidavit filed by NEAS leaders Nelson White, Sr., and Crawford White, Sr., provides a specific example of how the FWS failed to properly consult Native Americans in the delisting process. The NEAS assert in the affidavit that the FWS refused to recognize the Northern Arapaho as a distinct tribe. They simply referred to the Northern Arapaho and the Eastern Shoshone as the “Wind River Tribe.” When the FWS formed a committee to begin the delisting process, they invited numerous federal, state, and local agencies in Wyoming to participate. The only Native American representative present was Eastern Shoshone Game Warden Ben Snyder. The Northern Arapaho leaders affirmed in the affidavit that, once again, they were a legally separate tribe from the Eastern Shoshone and that Snyder did not represent their interests. In July 2015, the FWS held a meeting with the Northern Arapaho Business Council, the elected governing body of the tribe, but did not include Elders Society in the discussion. The only other attempt the FWS made to meet with the Northern Arapaho was to invite an intern from the Tribal Historic Preservation Office to a FWS presentation in South Dakota. That intern did not have authority from the tribe to speak at the meeting. The Northern Arapaho Elders Society stated in their affidavit that the federal government failed to follow the administrative rules laid down by the Clinton administration, and did not engage in any meaningful dialogue. “We, the leadership of the Northern Arapaho,” the affidavit states, “have not been invited to, nor engaged in, any meaningful consultation with the USFWS on [the grizzly bear delisting], in common with tribal nations from Montana to Arizona.” A representative from the FWS told Planet Jackson Hole that FWS is unable to comment on any pending litigation.

bear has a direct impact on the ability of Native Americans to practice their traditional religious beliefs freely, Bearshield said. Despite the great diversity in Native American religions and cultures, Bearshield said that the sacred status of the grizzly bear is universal to all the tribes involved in GOAL. “The grizzly is considered to be an ancestor, a grandparent, a teacher of healing and curing,” Bearshield said. “The bear plays a central role in creation narratives and traditional ceremonies for many American Indian nations. Some nations, like the Zuni, worship the grizzly as a deity. “If you kill a deity for recreation, how does that not infringe upon your religious rights and freedoms?” Bearshield said. “All people of faith should take note. If the government and the states can do this to our religions, yours could be next.” The U.S. government has indeed violated the religious rights of Native Americans for centuries. The right to worship freely under the First Amendment did not extend to Native Americans until the 1970s. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, the federal government suppressed Native American religions as part of a broader effort to forcibly assimilate Native Americans into white, Christian, American culture. “Kill the Indian, save the man,” a phrase coined in 1892 by Captain Richard Pratt, the founder of the Carlisle Indian School, was a popular slogan at the time. The federal Indian Commissioner in 1902, W.A. Jones, described Native religion as “immoral” and “degrading” in a letter he sent out to agents on Indian reservations. Christian missionaries were given free reign to proselytize on reservations. Meanwhile, traditional religious ceremonies like the Sun Dance were outlawed, and the use of sacred objects like peyote were banned when the cactus was declared a controlled substance. The federal government also used force to crack down on Native religions. The Ghost Dance movement that was started by the Sioux tribe on the Pine Ridge Reservation was ruthlessly put down when federal troops massacred men, women, and children at Wounded Knee in 1890. By the 1970s, Native American demands for self-determination intensified into a nationwide movement. A resurgence of traditional culture accompanied the growing Native civil rights movement, and the federal government began to change their stance toward the federally recognized tribes. In 1978, the American Indian Religious Freedom Act was passed into law by the Carter Administration. The law stated, “it shall be the policy of the United States to protect and preserve for American Indians their inherent right

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2018 ‘I hope people walk away feeling a little braver, a little confounded,’ Erin Roy said of her new show, ‘My Life in a Minor Key.’

Woman, Laid Bare

12 | JULY 4, 2018

| PLANET JACKSON HOLE |

Erin Roy’s one-woman show is an honest look at some of humanity’s universal struggles BY ANDREW MUNZ |

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try to be funny and succeed part of the time, but most of the time I fail.” I see a lot of myself in Erin Roy. She is an ambitious performance artist who has a habit of leaving town, extending herself to the outside world, only to return to Jackson again with a new perspective. After the debut of her one-woman show My Life in a Minor Key last week (which continues until July 8) at Dancers’ Workshop, I sat down with Roy at Trio American Bistro and tried to nail down what instigated our decade-long friendship. Akin to most Jackson connections, we concluded that, like mitosis, we merged together due to our shared interests, including a love for performance. Roy has been living in New York for the past few years, pursuing acting through various avenues, conservatories and an endless stream of auditions. She has returned to Jackson in the interim, boomeranging like many of us do. Her relationship with the nonprofit Dancers’ Workshop is enduring, and Roy finds herself gravitating back to work with whatever new project artistic director Babs Case has cooked up. This time, however, Roy is premiering her own production. My Life in a Minor Key is a triumph, and a very necessary injection of weirdness, vulnerability and humor into Jackson’s

@AndrewMunz

theatrical scene. While Jackson’s visual arts community often has a consistent theme of landscape studies and wildlife portraits, its performing arts perspective is not easy to stake to the ground. Erin’s one-woman show is a celebration of the possibilities of theatre and performance, a 60-minute ode to ambition, lofty dreams and the anxiety and fears that hold us back from achieving both. “I felt like if I could get in front of an audience and make a fool of myself, I could strip away that desire to be perfect and be left with what is basically me,” Roy said. In the production, Roy slips between several costumes and characters. A dramatic mimed interpretation of Pytor Ilyich Tchaikovsky’s famous ballet Swan Lake holds all the joyful erraticism together. There is no fourth wall in the performance, as Roy coaxes the audience for participation while bribing them so she feels liked. To say anymore would spoil the unpredictability of the show, which, Roy said, will evolve with each production. “I hope people walk away feeling a little braver, a little confounded,” she said. “I’m asking audiences to walk in with zero expectations, and, if they do come in expecting something, I hope to strip them of that desire to try and figure out what they’re getting themselves into.”

Sitting in the audience, I couldn’t hide my expression of pure joy and wonder. To stand on stage in front of an audience for a whole hour is an undertaking, but watching Roy throw herself around the stage while revealing her insecurities is not just an act of theatrics, but humanity itself. I can attest to the fact that performers, whether they be musicians, speakers, authors, actors, etc., are obsessed with garnering acceptance and admiration. We’re not always forthcoming about that because it reveals the inner-workings of our process and psyche—that we care deeply about the work we create for public consumption and how it is received. Roy’s production is an honest testament to the concept that the veil people hide behind to be liked or loved is often the very barrier that prevents us from our own happiness. But just as we need Roy to remind us of these truths, her show “needs people,” she said. “It needs an audience to come to life, and I hope those who come leave with a full heart, laughing.” PJH

My Life in a Minor Key is 6:30 p.m. through Sunday, July 8 (no performance July 4) at Dancers’ Workshop Studio 1 in the Center for the Arts. Audience members are paid (yes paid) $5 for attending.

A&E

Anyone interested in writing should attend Anne Fadiman’s book reading, Oona Doherty said.

Fine Wine and Family Author Anne Fadiman digs into her latest book The Wine Lover’s Daughter @Kelsey_Dayton

| PLANET JACKSON HOLE |

JULY 4, 2018 | 13

Fadiman, a literary critic, editor, radio host and wine aficionado. His appreciation of wine, expensive suits and knowledge of western literature helped Clifton Fadiman “escape from lower-middle-class Brooklyn to swanky Manhattan,” the book description reads. The book traces Fadiman’s father’s interest in wine from the cheap Graves he drank in Paris in 1927 to the Chateau Lafite-Rothschild 1904 he drank to celebrate his 80th birthday, “to the wines that sustained him in his last years when he was blind, but still buoyed by hedonism,” the description reads. Wine is the thread in the memoir that is a portrait of Fadiman’s father, but also delves into her relationship with him and her own less passionate relationship with wine. The book has drawn widespread critical acclaim. The Washington Post called it “wonderfully engaging”; and Library Journal said it’s “a fascinating book with something to interest anyone, and a pure reading pleasure.” Fadiman is just one of many writers to speak at Teton County Library. “We’re trying to serve the broader community and there is a wide variety of interests that includes all genres of books,” Doherty said. The library’s next speaker is poet Spencer Reese, who has talked in Jackson before. The award-winning poet is also an ordained Episcopal priest. His work often explores faith and family. PJH Author Anne Fadiman reads from The Wine Lover’s Daughter 6 p.m. Monday at Teton County’s Ordway Auditorium, free.

BY KELSEY DAYTON |

hen author Anne Fadiman offered to read from her recent book, The Wine Lover’s Daughter, the library eagerly accepted the opportunity, said Oona Doherty, program manager at Teton County Library. Fadiman has family and friends in Jackson and has given presentations at the library when she’s visited the area before. She’s a dynamic speaker—eloquent, personable and a wonderful storyteller, Doherty said. Anyone who is a fan of her work or interested in writing should come to the event, Doherty added. Fadiman is a winner of the National Book Critics Circle Award for nonfiction, the Los Angeles Times Book Prize and the Salon Book awards for her 1997 book The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down: A Hmong Child, Her American Doctors, and the Collision of Two Cultures. The book chronicles the story of a refugee family from Laos with a daughter who has epilepsy. The Hmong family clashes with local doctors as both parties struggle to do what is best for the girl while failing to understanding each other. “It deals with cross cultural communication and is amazing,” Doherty said. Fadiman has also published two essay collections At Large and At Small: Familiar Essays and Ex Libris: Confessions of a Common Reader, and is editor of Rereadings: Seventeen writers revisit books they love. She is also the Francis Writer-in-Residence at Yale. The Wine Lover’s Daughter, meanwhile, is a memoir that explores her relationship with her father, Clifton

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| PLANET JACKSON HOLE |

House and pet sitting in Jackson and Wilson.

S ATUR U O Y DA E E

14 | JULY 4, 2018

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A needlepoint patriotic buffalo by Tina Close.

A Close Look Tina Close is a nature artist unlike any other BY TODD WILKINSON |

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n Greater Yellowstone valleys like the Gallatin or Tina Close’s former home, Jackson Hole, she will never belong to the taxonomic order known as “social butterfly.” With a perpetual vantage on nature, she is a contented recluse, flitting out occasionally to some exotic destination on the other side of the world before retreating home where she makes wonderful paintings of nature. Close’s works are collected by an impressive list of fine art connoisseurs first drawn to her acclaimed botanicals but aware that Close has often metamorphosed into different phases of creative exploration. Her intricate art makes us appreciate the sweet, smaller things that are right in front of us every day but central to the web of life. “My points of departure include the shapes of real animals, beetles and butterflies, but also extend to

@BigArtNature

the ancient and antique,” she said. “I have used 17th century Rajasthan bronzes, Victorian carrousel animals, Papua New Guinea skull racks, American Mimbres figures and antique effigy vessels, to name a few. The shape gets your attention, but all the action is on the inside.” Like the tapestry that is her life, Close inhabits an international iconography and her reverence for primitive animal symbols informs her selection of imagery. A student of anthropology and botany, her vision has grown out of travels across Africa, Australia, Europe, and even spending time as a cowgirl and mother of two kids near Big Piney, Wyoming. Born in Greenwich, Connecticut, she is the eldest daughter of free-spirited parents, Dr. William T. and Bettine Close, and has four siblings—all of whom are talented artists. She happens

opens our eyes to elements of the natural world that aren’t always immediately visible. She takes the viewer on a vicarious adventure.” It’s Close’s raw genuine eccentricity that is part of her growing legend. “Glennie and I have a longstanding debate about who is weirder: Artists or actors.” she said. “Everything my sister does in film or on the stage is collaborative but being an artist is, by necessity, solitary, because you live in your own head. Every day I face a blank piece of paper, and I live with three dogs and two parrots. My conclusion is that being an artist is the stranger of the two professions because what you share is the image but getting there you generally must create it alone.” “Tina can be a hermit, consumed by whatever she’s working on and lose track of the outside world,” Tayloe Piggott once told me. “When she emerges and takes research trips or visits with friends, she will absorb everything around her in a landscape, soaking it in like a sponge. She brings that vivaciousness into your life. But then when the urge to create strikes her again, and she retreats, letting the inspiration pour out of her in the studio, she stays with it until it stops.” If you ever have an opportunity to encounter Close and her work, it is a treat worth savoring. PJH

Terry Winchell and Claudia Bonnist P.O. Box 3790 . 375 S. Cache Street . Jackson, Wyoming 83001 307-690-2669 or Toll Free 866-690-2669 Fax 307-734-1330 Email: TW@fightingbear.com Website: www.fightingbear.com

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to be the sister both of actress Glenn Close, Gallatin Valley’s Jessie Close, an author and national speaker on mental health, and she is the mother of the vivacious eminently-talented writer, filmmaker, and photographer from Livingston, Montana, Seonaid Campbell. She also has two brothers, Sandy and Tambu. Towering in Close’s memory is a place down the road from where her family lived in a stone Connecticut farmhouse. There is a hillock with a favorite climbing tree and a slab of granite that cupped a depression where rainwater gathered. It harbored mosses, leaves, frogs, small insects and reflections of the sky—all elements that continue to surge through Close’s work. It was in those rolling pastures and forests where Close and Glenn acquired their own innate sense of Christopher Robin drama, she said. “You’re always absorbing if you’re a visual person, but what I absorb now is influenced by my earliest visual experiences,” she said. “I love the texture of life. If I can smell and feel and see the texture of something, it becomes real to me.” Everything in Close’s home revolves around textural cues, be they rocks, mats of lichen, or feathers molted courtesy of a talking African gray parrot named Kivu. Both an international maker and an embroidery company have used her designs for their products. “I am inspired by Tina’s artistic explorations,” Colorado landscape painter Skip Whitcomb said. “She

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n 4th of July 10K 8 a.m. Owen Bircher Park, $30.00 - $40.00, 3077334534 n Book Sale 8 a.m. Victor City Park, n Wednesday LADIES DAY 9 a.m. Huntsman Springs, n FOURTH OF JULY IN JACKSON HOLE 10:30 a.m. 10 E. Broadway, n PUBLIC HISTORIC PRESERVATION WALKING TOURS 10:30 a.m. Jackson Hole Historical Society and Museum, n Huntsman Springs 4th of July Pool Party and BBQ 12 p.m. Huntsman Springs, n Slow Food in the Tetons- Summer People’s Market 4 p.m. Base of Snow King Mountain, Free,

n Concert on the Commons - Calle Mambo and The Jazz Foundation of Jackson Hole 4 p.m. Jackson Hole Mountain Resort, n The Jazz Foundation plays Big Band Swing 4 p.m. Teton Village Commons, Free, n “Hump Day” Music Series at Warbirds Cafe 4 p.m. Warbirds Cafe, Free, (208) 354-2550 n ALIVE@5 5 p.m. Village Commons, n Mike Dowling 5 p.m. Silver Dollar Showroom, Free, 307-732-3939 n SALLY & GEORGE 5:30 p.m. Pinedale, Wyoming, n Festival Orchestra: Patriotic Pops 6 p.m. Walk Festival Hall, n The HOF BAND plays POLKA! 6 p.m. The Alpenhof Lodge, Free, 307 733 3242 n Fourth of July Fireworks at Snow King Mountain 8 p.m. Snow King Mountain, n Jackson Hole Rodeo

| PLANET JACKSON HOLE |

WEDNESDAY, JULY 4

| PLANET JACKSON HOLE |

16 | JULY 4, 2018

THURSDAY, JULY 5

n Baby Time 12 p.m. Alta Branch Library, n Theater Thursday, Victor 3:30 p.m. Valley of the Tetons Library, n Open Build 5:30 p.m. Valley of the Tetons Library, n Papa Chan and Johnny C Note 6 p.m. Teton Pines Country Club, Free, 307 733 1005 n Music on Main: Kitchen Dwellers w/ Miller Sisters 6 p.m. Victor City Park, Free, n Dylan Jakobsen 7:30 p.m. Silver Dollar Showroom, Free, 307-7323939 n GTMF Presents: The Music of Scott Joplin 8 p.m. Walk Festival Hall, n Elevated Yoga on the Deck 9 p.m. Top of Bridger Gondola, n Sneaky Pete and the Secret Weapons 2018 Summer Tour 10 p.m. Knotty Pine, n Lazy Eyes 10 p.m. Knotty Pine, $5.00,

FRIDAY, JULY 6

n MC Presents Art and Antique Show 10 a.m. American Legion, Free, 8013675560 n Festival Orchestra Open Rehearsal: Trifonov Plays Rachmaninoff 10 a.m. Walk Festival Hall, n Alta Storytime 10 a.m. Alta Branch Library, n Free Food Friday 10:30 a.m. Jackson Cupboard, Free, 3076992163 n Float with Feathered Friends 10:30 a.m. Teton Raptor Center, $69.00 - $79.00, n All Ages Story Time - Driggs 11:15 a.m. Valley of the Tetons Library, n Game Night 4 p.m. Valley of the Tetons Library, n First Fridays, With Contemporary Dance Wyoming 5 p.m. Dancers’ Workshop Studio 1, n Friday Night Bikes Blowout 5 p.m. Teton Village, n CHANMAN - SOLO 5:30 p.m. Springfield Suites by Marriot, Free, 307 201 5320 n Friday Wine Tasting at The Barn at Huntsman Springs 6 p.m. Huntsman Springs, n Swing At The King 6 p.m. Snow King Hotel, Free, n Macbeth! Thin Air Shakespeare in the Park 6:30 p.m. Center for the Arts Amphitheater, Free, 307-733-3021 n Aaron Davis & the Mystery Machine 7:30 p.m. Silver Dollar Showroom, Free, 307-7323939

FOR COMPLETE EVENT DETAILS VISIT PJHCALENDAR.COM

h i l e often like to take watchShakespeare and ing Off set it in different Square Theatre eras or with strange Company’s procostumes. For this duction of Macbeth, show, people can expect a more clasyou might notice sic production. a few women that “For me it’s appear as medical about telling the workers, housestory first and forehold staff, or part most,” he said. of a crowd. These The summer women look a litshow is held outtle different, but side in the tradition still blend into of Shakespeare in the fabric of the the Park and fesstory. They are the tivals around the famous witches of country, and how Macbeth. In direcS h a k e s p e a r e ’s tor Edgar Landa’s plays were origishow, they aren’t nally produced—in slithering on the the open-air Globe floor. They are Theatre, Landa “pretty humanoid” Orson Welles and Jeanette Nolan in the 1948 film ‘Macbeth.’ said. and observers of The natural surthe world. roundings and the Landa is bringamphitheater at ing to life his verthe Center for the sion of Macbeth Arts make it a perb e g i n n i n g fect setting. “And Thursday at the people in Jackson Amphitheater at the Center for the Off Square’s Thin Air Shakespeare returns with ‘Macbeth’ want to be outside in the summer,” he Arts. BY KELSEY DAYTON | @Kelsey_Dayton said. Landa’s promost interesting characters, he said, and The sound of the duction focuses on the classic story of murder and deceit that the idea of who is in control and rodeo or local outdoor parties might mix and shows how the witches might plant who makes who do what is a compelling with the voices of actors reciting Old an idea or possibility into a charac- question. “There aren’t really heroes in English lines or the sound of swords colliding in battle. It’s part of the ambiance ter’s mind, but they never order an act, the play. Everyone is fallible.” The show is known for its violence that makes an outdoor performance a instead the characters make their own and fight scenes, but Landa is aware that unique event, Landa said. choices. Thin Air will also host special This is Landa’s fourth year directing Thin Air Shakespeare is a family event. Off Square Theatre Company’s “Thin Air The violence isn’t gratuitous and some of guests Molly Moon Thorn & Friends on Shakespeare,” but it’s the first year he is it is eluded to instead of shown on stage, Thursday and Friday. American Sign Language interpreters will sign the show producing a tragedy for the free outdoor he said. Trampas Thompson, who grew up Friday as well. On Saturday, Jackson show. “This is an opportunity to do some- in Jackson, choreographed the sword Hole Writers will conduct a poetry readthing a little darker and test the waters,” fighting. The professional stuntman has ing. The Shakespeare Conservatory he said. “Of the tragedies, it’s the most worked on movies like Pirates of the will have a youth performance July 13. Caribbean but he is also an actor in the And the Pipes and Highland Dancers accessible.” As a refresher, Macbeth is set in show and plays Banquo, Menteith and of Teton & District Performing Arts will provide the pre-show entertainment Scotland and is the story of a soldier, a murderer. Many of the main characters in the July 14 and 15. PJH Macbeth, played by Luis Kelly-Duarte, whom three witches prophesize will cast of 16 are professional actors from one day be King. At the urging of Lady Los Angeles and some have returned Macbeth, played by Christina Okolo, the multiple summers to perform in Thin Thin Air Shakespeare: Macbeth, 6:30 soldier plans to speed up his destiny Air Shakespeare. The L.A. additions by murdering the current king which allow local actors to work alongside the p.m. pre-show, 7:30 p.m. performance, full-time professionals and help build on Thursday through Sunday and July 13 to begins a series of dark events. “It’s a great story about power and Off Square’s mission to provide Jackson 15, Amphitheater at Center for the Arts, free. People are encouraged to bring pichow power corrupts us,” Landa said. with professional theater, Landa said. Landa said he didn’t have a con- nics and arrive early. Lady Macbeth is one of Shakespeare’s cept or a twist on the show. People WIKIPEDIA COMMONS

8 p.m. Teton County Fairgrounds, $15.00 - $35.00, n City of Victor July 4 Parade n Outdoor Arena- Rodeo Teton County Idaho Fairgrounds, n Teton Valley Independence Day Celebrations n City of Victor July 4 Parade

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Do you know how to select the perfect avocado?

Tasty ways to love the ahuacatl morning, noon and night BY ANNIE FENN, MD |

@jacksonholefoodie

as they named them, perhaps inspired by how avocados hang in pairs on the tree. Centuries later, food scientists determined that the avocados’ high levels of vitamin E certainly could help maintain youthful vigor. Avocados are loaded with heart healthy fats, fiber, and contain more potassium than a banana. There’s an art to picking the perfect avocado from the towering pile at the market. The flesh of a Hass (rhymes with “pass”) avocado, the most typical variety we see, should yield ever-so-gently to uniform pressure on the skin, which should be dark brown and lacking any obvious dents. Even the most careful

THE LOCALS

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| PLANET JACKSON HOLE |

ey, avocado lovers: Smearing the buttery flesh of a ripe avocado on toasted bread and topping it with nothing but flaky sea salt may be the world’s most perfect snack. But when you are ready to branch out from your avocado toast obsession, I have a few more ideas. Have you ever swirled an avocado into a smoothie? Turned it into garlic butter? Or folded it into a decadent chocolate dessert? Let us consider a few interesting factoids about the fruit (technically a berry) that has launched a million Instagrams of avocado toast. We have the Aztecs to thank for discovering the aphrodisiac properties of ahuacatl,

Avocado Aficionado

JOIN US ON THE ‘HOF DECK THIS SUMMER DAILY BEER & APP SPECIALS BREAKFAST, LUNCH & DINNER DAILY

Under the Pink Garter Theatre (307) 734-PINK • www.pinkygs.com

FAMILY FRIENDLY ENVIRONMENT PIZZAS, PASTAS & MORE

Dining room and bar open nightly at 5:00pm (307) 733-2460 • 2560 Moose Wilson Road • Wilson, WY

Reservations at (307) 733-4913 3295 Village Drive • Teton Village, WY

HOUSEMADE BREAD & DESSERTS FRESH, LOCALLY SOURCED OFFERINGS

A Jackson Hole favorite since 1965

www.mangymoose.com

JULY 4, 2018 | 17

TAKE OUT AVAILABLE

Mangy Moose Restaurant, with locally sourced, seasonally FRESH FOOD at reasonable prices, is a always a FUN PLACE to go with family or friends for a unique dining experience. The personable staff will make you feel RIGHT AT HOME and the funky western decor will keep you entertained throughout your entire visit.

| PLANET JACKSON HOLE |

18 | JULY 4, 2018

avocado squeezer can get burned, however, by purchasing an over-the-hill fruit. A far better way to prevent the bummer of a brown avocado is to peek under the stem before buying. Pull off the stem and you’ll find a window into the avocado’s flesh: bright green or mottled with brown. Discretely toss that brown one back and plan to eat the bright green one within a day — once the stem has been peeled off it will hasten the ripening process. Bring your perfectly ripe (fingers crossed) avocado home and cut stem to tail with a knife. Twist the two avocado halves away from each other to separate, and carefully plunge a sharp knife into the pit. Twist and remove the pit, use a large spoon to scoop out the flesh, and place the avocado pit side down on a plate. Now, how do you keep that avocado from turning brown? Squirt with lemon juice? Store it with its pit? Submerge in cold water? Wrap tightly in plastic wrap? Unfortunately, none of these methods work. Avocados turn brown because the outer part of the flesh is covered with an enzyme called polyphenol oxidase. When the flesh is exposed to air, this enzyme initiates an oxidation reaction that results in brown, unappetizing avocados. The trick? Wipe off the exterior (the side that touched the skin) with a paper towel to remove all the polyphenol oxidase. Your avocado will stay green for several hours at room temperature. (Or, you could just eat it right away and not worry about brown spots.) Transform a ripe avocado into a portable, sippable breakfast by taking a cue from India’s famous mango lassi, a

creamy, shake-like drink made with mango and milk. Whizzed in a blender with yogurt, milk, honey, lime juice, and a touch of salt, your avocado makes the perfect breakfast to go or sports recovery drink. I have my mom to thank for my recipe for avocado butter. Back in the 1970s she slathered it on swordfish steaks for an elegant dinner party entrée. Avocados were new to the scene back then, and their arrival at the market of my small hometown in upstate New York made quite a splash. To make avocado butter, cream the flesh of a ripe avocado with softened butter, lemon juice, crushed garlic, and salt. Form into logs and chill, then smear on everything from fish to steak to corn on the cob. Since avocado butter freezes well, this recipe is a great way to deal with a bunch of avocados about to go off. Chocolate avocado pudding may not sound like a good idea, but trust me, it’s a keeper. And, it’s the easiest dessert you’ll ever make that both your vegan and non-vegan friends will love. Place avocados in a blender with vanilla, maple syrup, cocoa powder, fresh orange juice and Kosher salt. Puree until ultra-smooth and taste; add a bit of agave nectar if you like it more sweet. Chill and serve topped with chopped pistachios, flaky sea salt, berries, chia seeds, or even black sesame seeds. Let your friends and family guess the secret ingredient to this creamy, satisfying, slightly savory, not-too-sweet pudding. The avocado flavor is just subtle enough to keep them all guessing. PJH

Chocolate Avocado Pudding

Scoop the flesh from 2 ripe avocados into a blender. Add the seeds from 1 vanilla bean (or 1 tsp. vanilla extract), ¾ cup unsweetened cocoa powder, ½ cup pure maple syrup, ¼ cup freshly squeezed orange juice, and ½ tsp. Kosher salt. With the motor running, gradually stream in ¾ cup hot (but not boiling) water. Blend until perfectly smooth. Taste; add more orange juice or water to thin, a dash of agave nectar to sweeten. Divide amongst 8 4-6-ounce ramekins or small bowls, cover with plastic wrap and chill for at least 2 hours and up to 3 days. Serve with toppings of your choice. (I like chopped pistachios and flaky sea salt.) Makes enough for 8 servings.

This article appeared in a previous edition of PJH.

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Avocado Lassi Place 1 ripe avocado, 1 cup plain yogurt, 3 Tbsp. honey, 1 tsp. lime juice and 1 cup milk (I like almond milk) in a blender and whiz until smooth. Makes 2 lassis.

Featuring dining destinations from breweries to bakeries, and continental fare to foreign flavor, this is a sampling of our dining critic’s local favorites.

ASIAN

TETON THAI Serving the world’s most exciting cuisine. Teton Thai offers a splendid array of flavors: sweet, hot, sour, salt and bitter. All balanced and blended perfectly, satisfying the most discriminating palate. Open daily. Located at 7432 Granite Loop Road in Teton Village, (307) 733-0022 and in Driggs, (208) 787-8424, tetonthai.com.

THAI ME UP Home of Melvin Brewing Co. Freshly remodeled offering modern Thai cuisine in a relaxed setting. New tap system with 20 craft beers. New $8 wine list and extensive bottled beer menu. View our tap list at thaijh.com/brews. Open daily for dinner at 5 p.m. Located downtown at 75 East Pearl Street, (307) 733-0005, melvinbrewing.com.

CONTINENTAL ALPENHOF

THE BLUE LION A Jackson Hole favorite for 39 years. Join us in the charming atmosphere of a historic home. Serving fresh fish, elk, poultry, steaks, and vegetarian entrées. Ask a local about our rack of lamb. Live acoustic guitar music most nights. Open nightly at 5:30 p.m. Reservations recommended, walk-ins welcome. 160 N. Millward, (307) 733-3912, bluelionrestaurant.com

LOTUS ORGANIC RESTAURANT

MANGY MOOSE Mangy Moose Restaurant, with locally sourced, seasonally fresh food at reasonable prices, is a always a fun place to go with family or friends for a unique dining experience. The personable staff will make you feel right at home and the funky western decor will keep you entertained throughout your entire visit. Teton Village, (307) 733-4913, mangymoose.com. Opened in Jackson Hole by Tom Fay and David Fogg, Moe’s Original Bar B Que features a Southern Soul Food Revival through its awardwinning Alabama-style pulled pork, ribs, wings, turkey and chicken smoked over hardwood

SNAKE RIVER BREWERY & RESTAURANT America’s most award-winning microbrewery is serving lunch and dinner. Take in the atmosphere while enjoying wood-fired pizzas, pastas, burgers, sandwiches, soups, salads and desserts. $9 lunch menu. Happy hour runs from 4 - 6 p.m., including tasty hot wings. The freshest beer in the valley, right from the source! Free WiFi. Open 11 a.m. - 11 p.m. Loacted at 265 S. Millward. (307) 739-2337, snakeriverbrewing.com.

R DINNEAGE I H LUNCTETON VILL I T S IN FA BREAKE ALPENHOF AT TH

AT THE

Open nightly 5:30pm

733-3912 307.733.3242

160 N. Millward • Reservations recommended Reserve online at bluelionrestaurant.com

ITALIAN CALICO

A Jackson Hole favorite since 1965, the Calico continues to be one of the most popular restaurants in the Valley. The Calico offers the right combination of really good food, (much of which is grown in our own gardens in the summer), friendly staff; a reasonably priced menu and a large selection of wine. Our bar scene is eclectic with a welcoming vibe. Open nightly at 5 p.m. Located at 2560 Moose Wilson Rd., (307) 733-2460.

MEXICAN

EL ABUELITO

Serving authentic Mexican cuisine and appetizers in a unique Mexican atmosphere. Home of the original Jumbo Margarita. Featuring a full bar with a large selection of authentic Mexican beers. Lunch served weekdays 11 a.m. to 3 p.m. Nightly dinner specials. Open seven days, 11 a.m. to 10 p.m. Located at 385 W. Broadway, (307) 733-1207.

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PIZZA

PINKY G’S

The locals favorite! Voted Best Pizza in Jackson Hole 2012-2016. Seek out this hidden gem under the Pink Garter Theatre for NY pizza by the slice, salads, strombolis, calzones and many appetizers to choose from. Try the $7 ‘Triple S’ lunch special. Happy hours 10 p.m. - 12 a.m. Sun.Thu. Text PINK to 71441 for discounts. Delivery and take-out. Open daily 11a.m. - 2 a.m. Located at 50 W. Broadway, (307) 734-PINK.

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JULY 4, 2018 | 19

MOE’S BBQ

Come down to the historic Virginian Saloon and check out our grill menu! Everything from 1/2 pound burgers to wings at a great price! The grill is open in the Saloon from 4 p.m.-10p.m. daily. Located at 750 West Broadway, (307) 739-9891.

F O H ‘ E TH

| PLANET JACKSON HOLE |

Serving organic, freshly-made world cuisine while catering to all eating styles. Endless organic and natural meat, vegetarian, vegan and gluten-free choices. Offering super smoothies, fresh extracted juices, espresso and tea. Full bar and house-infused botanical spirits. Serving breakfast, lunch & dinner starting at 8am daily. Located at 140 N. Cache, (307) 734-0882, theorganiclotus.com.

VIRGINIAN SALOON

ELY U Q I N U PEAN EURO

Serving authentic Swiss cuisine, the Alpenhof features European style breakfast entrées and alpine lunch fare. Dine in the Bistro for a casual meal or join us in the Alpenrose dining room for a relaxed dinner experience. Breakfast 7:30 a.m.-10 a.m. Coffee & pastry 10 a.m.-11:30 a.m. Lunch 11:30 a.m.-3 p.m. Aprés 3 p.m.-5:30 p.m. Dinner 6 p.m.-9 p.m. For reservations at the Bistro or Alpenrose, call (307) 733-3242.

served with two unique sauces in addition to Catfish and a Shrimp Moe-Boy sandwich. A daily rotation of traditional Southern sides and tasty desserts are served fresh daily. Moe’s BBQ stays open late and features a menu for any budget. While the setting is family-friendly, a full premium bar offers a lively scene with HDTVs for sports fans, music, shuffle board and other games upstairs. Large party takeout orders and full service catering with delivery is also available.

| PLANET JACKSON HOLE |

20 | JULY 4, 2018

EARLY RISER? Planet Jackson Hole is looking for a Wednesday morning delivery driver to start immediately! CONTACT PETE@PLANETJH.COM | (307) 732-0299

L.A.TIMES “STRAIGHT A’S” By VICTOR BAROCAS

SUNDAY, JULY 8, 2018

ACROSS

1 Derby town 6 One of 256 in a gal. 10 Davis of “Dr. Dolittle” 15 Pale tone 19 Bread in a Hillel sandwich 20 Learn 21 __ William Scott of “American Pie” films 22 Second person in Paris? 23 One who has blown a gasket, perhaps 26 Top-notch 27 Livestock identifier 28 Greek vowel 29 Jay or A 30 Dr.’s hours, e.g. 31 Soviet Union : Salyut :: USA : __ 33 Inventor Whitney 35 Classic fruity drinks 37 Living area in “The Martian,” with “the” 39 AAA, to a 23-Across 45 Chilly 48 Cleveland’s lake 49 One-time Jets home 50 Indiana Jones’ real first name 51 “House” star Hugh 53 Friend to Tarzan 54 “Three and out” football play 55 Shell propeller 56 Old recording accessory 58 AAA, to a 56-Across, usually 62 Pre-op test 63 Wrath 64 Friend of Che 65 Brontë sister 66 “The cookies are done!” sound 68 Religious acts 69 Like some ukes 70 Baggy 72 First name in sci-fi 73 School opening? 74 Faux __ 77 North Carolina baseball team

79 82 83 84 85 86 89 90 92 93 97 98 99 100 103 105 108 110 112 113 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124

Office builder? Convoy member Pop singer Brickell Debtor’s letters Adverb in the “Star Trek” intro Rock with bands Put on a mission Wanton want Like the center of attention AAA, for the 77-Across Frehley of Kiss Dismal, poetically Sgt.’s underling Stills, say Transit map dot 1003, to Tiberius Verdi’s “__ tu” Copy illegally “Daily Planet” byline name AAA, for 79-Across MLBer with 696 home runs Fist fight fists Soothing agent Prisoner’s place, in an 1894 adventure novel Snowblower brand Thus far Are inclined Rye blight

DOWN 1 2 3

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Common core? Liver spread European Parliament meeting city Missouri’s __ Mountains “Spamalot” name What’s “afoot,” to Holmes Home for a tulip Likewise, with “the” Doolittle, to Higgins Bear, in Barcelona Blood fluids Move easily Lacking feeling

14 Major course 15 Like many a politician’s answers 16 Deep-fries 17 Mystical character 18 Like many eBay products 24 Glen relative 25 Cooper work 32 Read the riot act to 34 Big-time 36 Title for Kate Middleton, briefly 37 Split in two 38 Shakespearean cry of woe 40 Ready to pick 41 Inclined channels 42 Streisand title role 43 Nonsensical 44 Charlotte’s Jane 46 Bobby enshrined in a Toronto hall 47 Shakespearean cry of disgust 52 “The Monster” rapper 57 Website suffix 58 Small servings 59 Surf music feature 60 Sumac of Peru 61 RSVP part 64 Topped off 66 Cry from Homer 67 “Love __ Battlefield”: Pat Benatar hit 68 Court decision 69 Member of Sauron’s army, in Tolkien 70 Video game brother 71 Certain transplant need 72 Where Herod reigned 73 Pope during the French Revolution 74 Offering downloadable content 75 Company with a duck in its logo 76 Flair

77 78 79 80 81 84 87 88

Nip at a bar “Stop fooling around!” Pouty face Wind-knocked-out sound Cal Poly campus site, initially Behave cruelly towards Sea battle weapon “I kissed thee __ I killed thee”: “Othello” 91 Trying to resist the rich dessert, say 94 Wavelength symbol 95 Even once 96 Retreat 101 Barely hit 102 Food processor? 103 Venetian blind part 104 Root for a luau 106 Black 107 Output from Rodin’s thinker? 109 Not in operation 111 Prefix with skeleton 114 Minn. winter hours 115 Bromide particle 116 Gangster’s piece

COSMIC CAFE

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Discovering Inner Freedom

To repair our lives, we must look beyond external circumstances and gaze inward BY CAROL MANN

Carol Mann is a longtime Jackson resident, radio personality, former Grand Targhee Resort owner, author, and clairvoyant. Got a Cosmic Question? Email carol@yourcosmiccafe.com

For all MEETING AGENDAS AND MINUTES WEEKLY CALENDAR JOB OPENINGS SOLICITATIONS FOR BIDS PUBLIC NOTICES AND OTHER VALUABLE INFORMATION

Visit out our website website Visit

tetoncountywy.gov TetonWyo.org The public meeting agendas and minutes for the Board of County Commissioners and Planning Commission can also be found in the Public Notices section of the JH News and Guide.

JULY 4, 2018 | 21

vessel. n Work with a therapist to heal old wounds and let go of outdated thought patterns so you can be self-aware and able to live in the present. There are many different kinds of therapy and not all of them involve talking. The past is over and the future is not here yet, so the present is where the action is. n Develop and trust your intuition. We are all wired to know more than what our five senses are able to perceive. Intuition bypasses the mind and is the gift to know things instantly, accurately and directly. The more quiet the mind, the more intuitive knowing reaches conscious awareness and can guide your life. n Choose to take the emotional high road as consistently as possible by practicing gratitude, compassion and forgiveness toward yourself and others, all of which open the heart. An open heart is the direct connection to the wisdom of the soul. The soul plugs us into the cosmic internet and the server of all servers: Source. I leave you with this quote from Thomas Paine, who spoke of valuing his intuition and helped Thomas Jefferson write the Declaration of Independence. “I have two distinct classes of thought— those by reflection and those that bolt into my mind of their own accord. I always make it rule to treat these voluntary visitors with civility because it is really from them that I have acquired all the knowledge I have.” PJH

| PLANET JACKSON HOLE |

We are blessed to enjoy, to uphold and to celebrate the many external freedoms given to us by the men and women whose vision for spiritual sovereignty birthed this country. In the spirit of today’s holiday, you might begin to explore another kind of freedom, inner freedom, which upgrades our consciousness and leads to inner peace. Even with the worldly comforts and opportunities we enjoy, many of us are still distracted by all kinds of drama and fears. Everyone has lifelong conditioning to move beyond. These include things we learned in school or at home which are no longer accurate, and from longheld beliefs and patterns which are outdated and no longer serve us. Without inner freedom, we are bound to automatically repeat past programming for the rest of our lives. There is no real freedom or evolution in this. The state of inner freedom moves beyond old limitations, and allows access to the higher intelligence, unconditional love and pure awareness of the soul. This upgrade is totally an inside job and does not depend on one’s circumstances, location, financial situation or any other external situation. It is an expansive inner state of being which allows us to remain calm and

clear no matter what else is going on. To quiet the mind’s incessant thinking, judging and lack of focus is the beginning of inner freedom. That alllows us to become a joyful, conscious, caring, clear thinking and fully sovereign being. Here are a half dozen proven practices to master inner freedom. As always, it is best to choose the one(s) you will actually do. n Learn to meditate and discover that there are both passive (sitting) forms of meditation and active ones. Meditation stills and focuses the mind. The benefits to all levels of well-being have been known for thousands of years, are documented by science, and only take minutes a day. n Practice emotional detachment by looking at life as if you are an objective journalist who does not judge or take things personally. In this state, you continue to care, and you can look at events from a neutral viewpoint, without the need to take sides. When you experience inner freedom, problems and difficulties will still be there, and you’ll have the inner peace and mental clarity to deal effectively with whatever presents itself. n Choose to eat organic foods as consistently as possible to prepare your body to calibrate to higher frequencies of energy and consciousness. At this point, no food is completely free of pollutants, and the best we have is what is grown with love and without toxic chemicals. After all, higher states of consciousness require a clear physical

“E

very time you create a gap in the otherwise incessant stream of thinking, your light of consciousness grows stronger.” - Eckhart Tolle

| PLANET JACKSON HOLE |

22 | JULY 4, 2018

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No physician referral required. (307) 733-5577•1090 S Hwy 89

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Mondays 9:15 - 10 AM Yoga Nidra - deep relaxation

with Ann Johnson

AKASHA YOGA 150 E HANSEN AVE - CORNER OF HANSEN AND WILLOW WWW.AKASHAYOGAJH.COM

Piper Wright-Clark

Licensed Esthetician & Massage Therapist 307-699-4136 | balancedskin22@gmail.com JHSkin.com Balance Salon & Spa 220 E Broadway Unit #2, Jackson WY balancesalonspajh.com

253-381-2838

180 N Center St, Unit 8 abhyasamassage.com

To join Planet Jackson Hole’s Wellness Community as an advertiser, contact 307-732-0299 or sales@planetjh.com

WELLNESS COMMUNITY Your one-stop resource for access to Jackson Hole’s premier health and wellness providers.

FREE WILL ASTROLOGY

BY ROB BREZSNY

CANCER (June 21-July 22) An open letter to Cancerians from Rob Brezsny’s mother, Felice: I want you to know that I played a big role in helping my Cancerian son become the empathetic, creative, thoughtful, crazy character he is today. I nurtured his idiosyncrasies. I made him feel secure and well-loved. My care freed him to develop his unusual ideas and life. So as you read Rob’s horoscopes, remember that there’s part of me inside him. And that part of me is nurturing you just as I once nurtured him. I and he are giving you love for the quirky, distinctive person you actually are, not some fantasy version of you. I and he are helping you feel more secure and well-appreciated. Now I encourage you to cash in on all that support. As Rob has told me, it’s time for you Cancerians to reach new heights in your drive to express your unique self. LEO (July 23-Aug. 22) The ghost orchid is a rare white wildflower that disappeared from the British countryside around 1986. The nation’s botanists declared it officially extinct in 2005. But four years later, a tenacious amateur located a specimen growing in the West Midlands area. The species wasn’t gone forever, after all. I foresee a comparable revival for you in the coming weeks, Leo. An interesting influence or sweet thing that you imagined to be permanently defunct may return to your life. Be alert!

SCORPIO (Oct. 23-Nov. 21) Have you entertained any high-quality fantasies about faraway treasures lately? Have you delivered inquiring communiqués to any promising beauties who may ultimately offer you treats? Have you made long-distance inquiries about speculative possibilities that could be inclined to travel in your direction from their frontier sanctuaries? Would you consider making some subtle change in yourself so that you’re no longer forcing the call of the wild to wait and wait and wait?

AQUARIUS (Jan. 20-Feb. 18) Allergies, irritants, stings, hypersensitivities: sometimes you can make these annoyances work in your behalf. For example, my allergy to freshly-cut grass meant that when I was a teenager, I never had to waste my Saturday afternoons mowing the lawn in front of my family’s suburban home. And the weird itching that plagued me whenever I got into the vicinity of my first sister’s fiancé: If I had paid attention to it, I wouldn’t have lent him the $350 that he never repaid. So my advice, my itchy friend, is to be thankful for the twitch and the prickle and the pinch. In the coming days, they may offer you tips and clues that could prove valuable. PISCES (Feb. 19-March 20) Are you somehow growing younger? Your stride seems bouncier and your voice sounds more buoyant. Your thoughts seem fresher and your eyes brighter. I won’t be surprised if you buy yourself new toys or jump in mud puddles. What’s going on? Here’s my guess: you’re no longer willing to sleepwalk your way through the most boring things about being an adult. You may also be ready to wean yourself from certain responsibilities unless you can render them pleasurable at least some of the time. I hope so. It’s time to bring more fun and games into your life. ARIES (March 21-April 19) Twentieth-century French novelist Marcel Proust described nineteenth-century novelist Gustave Flaubert as a trottoire roulant, or “rolling sidewalk”: plodding, toneless, droning. Meanwhile, critic Roger Shattuck compared Proust’s writing to an “electric generator” from which flows a “powerful current always ready to shock not only our morality but our very sense of humanity.” In the coming weeks, I encourage you to find a middle ground between Flaubert and Proust. See if you can be moderately exciting, gently provocative, and amiably enchanting. My analysis of the cosmic rhythms suggests that such an approach is likely to produce the best longterm results. TAURUS (April 20-May 20) You remind me of Jack, the nine-year-old Taurus kid next door, who took up skateboarding on the huge trampoline his two moms put in their backyard. Like him, you seem eager to travel in two different modes at the same time. (And I’m glad to see you’re being safe; you’re not doing the equivalent of, say, having sex in a car or breakdancing on an escalator.) When Jack first began, he had difficulty in coordinating the bouncing with the rolling. But after a while he got good at it. I expect that you, too, will master your complex task.

SAGITTARIUS (Nov. 22-Dec. 21) If a down-to-earth spiritual teacher advised you to go on a five-day meditation retreat in a sacred sanctuary, would you instead spend five days carousing with meth addicts in a cheap hotel? If a close friend confessed a secret she had concealed from everyone for years, would you unleash a nervous laugh and change the subject? If you read a horoscope that told you now is a favorable time to cultivate massive amounts of reverence, devotion, Go to RealAstrology.com for Rob Brezsny’s expanded weekly audio horoscopes and daily text-message horoscopes. Audio horoscopes also available by phone at 877-873-4888 or 900-950-7700.

Worried about having to wait in line? Going hiking, biking, or climbing on Election Day? That’s okay, because whatever the reason, you can vote by absentee from July 6th to August 20th, 2018!

Stop in and vote at the absentee polling site located in the basement of the Teton County Administration Building at 200 S. Willow St., Jackson, Wyoming. You can also call or email us to request that a ballot be mailed to you. Email us: elections@tetoncountywy.gov Call: 307.733.4430 All primary absentee ballots must be received by the County County Clerk’s office by 7:00 p.m. on August 21st, 2018.

JULY 4, 2018 | 23

GEMINI (May 21-June 20) From the day you were born, you have been cultivating a knack for mixing and blending. Along the way, you have accomplished mergers that would have been impossible for a lot of other people. Some of your experiments in amalgamation are legendary. If my astrological assessments are accurate, the year 2019 will bring forth some of your all-time most marvelous combinations and unifications. I expect you are even now setting the stage for those future fusions; you are building the foundations that will make them natural and inevitable. What can you do in the coming weeks to further that preparation?

Out of town?

| PLANET JACKSON HOLE |

LIBRA (Sept. 23-Oct. 22) Is there any prize more precious than knowing your calling? Can any other satisfaction compare with the joy of understanding why you’re here on earth? In my view, it’s the supreme blessing: to have discovered the tasks that can ceaselessly educate and impassion you; to do the work or play that enables you to offer your best gifts; to be intimately engaged with an activity that consistently asks you to overcome your limitations and grow into a more complete version of yourself. For some people, their calling is a job: marine biologist, kindergarten teacher, advocate for the homeless. For others, it’s a hobby, like long-distance-running, bird-watching, or mountain-climbing. St. Therese of Lisieux said, “My calling is love!” Poet Marina Tsvetaeva said her calling was “To listen to my soul.” Do you know yours, Libra? Now is an excellent time to either discover yours or home in further on its precise nature.

CAPRICORN (Dec. 22-Jan. 19) A typical working couple devotes an average of four minutes per day to focused conversation with each other. And it’s common for a child and parent to engage in meaningful communication for just 20 minutes per week. I bring these sad facts to your attention, Capricorn, because I want to make sure you don’t embody them in the coming weeks. If you hope to attract the best of life’s blessings, you will need to give extra time and energy to the fine art of communing with those you care about.

VIRGO (Aug. 23-Sept. 22) The ancient Greek poet Sappho described “a sweet-apple turning red high on the tip of the topmost branch.” The apple pickers left it there, she suggested, but not because they missed seeing it. It was just too high. “They couldn’t reach it,” wrote Sappho. Let’s use this scenario as a handy metaphor for your current situation, Virgo. I am assigning you the task of doing whatever is necessary to fetch that glorious, seemingly unobtainable sweet-apple. It may not be easy. You’ll probably need to summon extra ingenuity to reach it, as well as some as-yet unguessed form of help. (The Sappho translation is by Julia Dubnoff.)

respect, gratitude, innocence, and awe, would you quickly blank it out of your mind and check your Instagram and Twitter accounts on your phone?

DA N I I L T R I F O N OV

“Without question the most astounding pianist of our age.”

24 | JULY 4, 2018

| PLANET JACKSON HOLE |

- THE TIMES OF LONDON

A TO P CL ASSI CA L M U SI C FESTI VA L - TH E N EW YO R K T IMES T HIS W E E K Wednesday, July 4 at 6PM

Thursday, July 5 at 8PM

Festival Orchestra: Patriotic Pops

GTMF Presents: The Music of Scott Joplin

SOLD OUT

$25

Friday, July 6 at 8PM & Saturday, July 7 at 6PM

Festival Orchestra: Trifonov Plays Rachmaninoff

Monday, July 9 at 7PM

Tuesday, July 10 at 8PM

Movies on the Mountain: A League of Their Own

Inside the Music: Scheherazade–Her Story, Our Music

Free, but ticketed

$25–$55

Tickets