The Illustrated History of
APPLES
in the United States and Canada Volume 6 1 S –– V A B Apples Documented in Pomological Publications, Horticultural and Pomological Society Proceedings, Governmental and Experiment Station Bulletins, and Commercial Nursery Catalogs through the Year 2000
By Daniel J. Bussey Edited by Kent Whealy Technical Assistance by Anne Korthase Layout by Jessica Whealy and A. P. Whaley Historic Watercolors from the Archives of the National Agricultural Library, Special Collections Scanning of the USDA’s Pomological Watercolor Collection made possible by a grant from the Ceres Trust
3
The Illustrated History of
APPLES in the United States and Canada A Aaron [Aaron Holt – pre-Ragan] (Aaron Holt) Originated in eastern Texas; distributed by Orchard Home Nurseries in 1894. Very good quality. Late in season. Tree is a vigorous, abundant bearer. Not otherwise described. (References: Ragan/1905, Coma/1895, Orch/1894, Calhoun/1995) Abbondanza Originated in Italy, propagated by Mr. Sarti, Molinella, Italy, obtained from S. Pietro Capofiume; accessioned by the USDA as P.I.# 206542 when imported into the U.S. {This is the “Plant Introduction Number” used by USDA when varieties are being accessioned into the National Plant Germplasm System.} Medium to larger in size, oblate to roundish conic, slightly ribbed at eye. Very thick skin, smooth, tough, pale yellow green blushed orange and red striped; many dots, “attractive.” Cream to nearly white flesh, firm, fine textured, very strong vinous, slightly acid flavor. Fair quality. Medium in season {ENG/NAR: very late}. Tree is an early bearer. (References: USDA/SAC/1963, ENG/NAR/1971) Abbot Originated in New Albany, Indiana; first disseminated by Isaac Fawcett, a nurseryman near New Albany in 1866, who received grafts of a seedling apple tree from the old Abbot place in that area. Very large in size, oblong,. Greenish red skin, forming a semblance of blue haze or bloom; sweet flavor. Ripens August 1. Good for table and market use. Tree is a strong, vigorous grower and good bearer. (Reference: USDA/AHC) Abbot [crab]{?} A cross of Elsa x Melba by Dr. C. F. Patterson, University of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; selected in 1945, tested as A59-383, introduced in 1960. Up to 2¼" in diameter {Alderman listed the fruit as an apple, not as a crab}. Yellow skin with blush. Flesh is very mildly acid, good quality. (References: Vick/1991, Brooks/Olmo/17/1962, Alderman/1962) Abbott(1) Connecticut origin; recorded in 1869. Medium in size, oblate, inclined to conic, obscurely ribbed. Greenish-yellow skin, shaded and striped with red with a few light and brown dots. Stem long. Cavity broad, slightly russeted. Calyx closed. Basin small, uneven. Crisp white flesh, tender, juicy, subacid. Very good quality; dessert variety. Late in season. (References: Ragan/1905, Downing/1869, Downing/Chas./notes) Abbott(2) Noted as being from A. H. Abbott, Farmington, Maine; known prior to 1920. Large in size, form similar to Canada Reinette, but a little less regular in shape. Yellow skin with red cheek, splashed with red on the sun side. Short stem in a narrow, deep cavity. Calyx in a ribbed, slightly depressed basin. Small core. Yellowish flesh, pleasant acid to subacid. For dessert or kitchen use. Medium to early in season. (Reference: ME/HSR/1920) Abbott Lawn [Abbott's Lawn – pre-Ragan] (Abbott’s Lawn, Lawn) Noted as being from George Abbott, Mannington Township, New Jersey. The original tree stood in the front lawn of Mr. Abbott’s house, who asked for this to be the name of the apple; exhibited at the joint meeting of the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society and American Pomological Society in September 1869. Large in size, roundish oblate, slightly conical, more or less furrowed, irregular. Clear greenish-yellow skin with a scattering of small black or dark green dots. Calyx large, segments erect, half closed. Basin furrowed and deep. Stem short. Moderately fine textured flesh, juicy, mild subacid, not rich. For market or kitchen use, not good for dessert. Ripens end 159
of August through September. (References: Ragan/1905, RNY/1869*) Abbott Seedling Possibly originated in Connecticut; brought to notice by E. W. Bull, Hartford, Connecticut. Medium in size, roundish, slightly conic. Dull green skin tinged with red on sun side. Tender flesh, very juicy, subacid. Late season. [Ragan: “Possibly identical with Abbott(1).”] (References: Ragan/1905, MH/1844, Hove/1844) Abbott Spice [Abbott's Five-Sided Spice – pre-Van Deman] (Abbott’s FiveSided Spice) Origin unknown; Downing noted that he received specimens from New Jersey; recorded in 1869. Medium in size, roundish, oblate conic. Pale yellow skin, splashed with two shades of red, dots of light gray. Small core. White flesh, juicy, mild sub-acid. Described as a good quality mid to late season apple. Tree is a vigorous grower. (References: Ragan/1905, Van Deman, Downing/1869) Abbott Sweet (Abbot Sweeting, Abbott’s Sweet) New Hampshire origin; recorded in 1835. Above medium to large in size, roundish, conical. Yellow skin covered with red stripes and blotches, many white dots. Tender white flesh, pleasant, very sweet. Quality is good to very good. Season December to March. Tree is moderately vigorous, productive. (References: Ragan/1905, Thomas/1846, Warder/1867, Downing/Chas./notes) Abbott Yellow Seedling Listed under this name by J. A. Holder & Co., Concord, Tennessee in 1916. Not described. (Reference: NewVar/1856-1918) Abbs Wisconsin origin; seedling of Alexander recorded in 1892. Medium size, red striped skin; resembles Snow in color and quality. Season December-March. (References: Ragan/1905, Hewe/1892) Abel's Spitzenberg Exhibited under this name at the 1862 Ohio State Fair by Charles Pease, Rockport, Ohio. Not described. (Reference: OH/BA/1862) Aberdeen Origin unknown; planted under this name at the Illinois Experiment Station orchard in 1869. Large in size, roundish. Yellow skin. Subacid flavor. Early season. [Ragan: “Not Nickajack, of which Aberdeen is a synonym.”] (References: Ragan/1905, IL/ESB45/1896) Abernathy Said to have originated in one of the first orchards planted in Union County, Indiana c. 1794. Medium to large in size, roundish-conical. Smooth skin though finely leathercracked, greenish-yellow nearly covered with mixed and striped red; dots are brown with dark centers. Cavity medium, irregular, marked by green or slight russet. Moderately stout ½" stem, somewhat fleshy at the twig. Basin medium, regular. Calyx medium, open; segments short, narrow, slightly reflexed. Core large, partially open, meeting the eye. Yellowish-white flesh, tinged with red near the skin, fine-textured, very tender, juicy, subacid, sprightly. Medium in season. Very good quality for dessert use. Tree is an upright spreading grower, long-lived, hardy, biennial bearer. (References: Ragan/1905, USDA/PR/1894, PAPS/1897) [PWC 101012] Abington Cons Exhibited at Massachusetts Horticultural Society in 1842 by N. N. Dyer, Abington, Massachusetts. Fruit noted as keeping for two years. Not otherwise described. (References: MH/1842, NEF/1842) Abisinskoe (Abasinskoe, Red Socki) Origin Sochi, Russia; accessioned by the USDA in 1933 as P.I.# 102097. Not described. (References: USDA/SAC/1963, USDA/PIL113/1934) Abondance Origin thought to be France; noted in ENG/NAR as received in the National Fruit Trials Collection in Brogdale, England in 1947. Large in size, roundish conic to oblong conic, ribbed at eye and on body. Skin yellow with slight orange blush and stripes, russet and scarf-skin, rough, dry, tender. Flesh white, which soon discolors, firm, coarse, sweet to subacid flavor. Late to very late in season. (Reference: ENG/NAR/1971) Abraham(1) [Father Abraham – pre-Lyon] (Abram, Bullett, Father Abraham, Green Abraham, Green Abram, Red Abraham, Red Abram) {There is much confusion concerning the nomenclature of this apple, whose synonyms include Abram, Abraham, Abraham’s Apple, Abram’s Pippin, Father Abram, Father Abraham, Father Abraham (of Illinois), Florentiner, Red 160
Abram, plus many others in both eastern and western European languages, and some are probably distinct varieties. The physical descriptions and originating dates for each are very similar, each variety’s area of origin is generally the same, and variants of each are likely due to local growing conditions. Until recently this apple was generally considered in the U.S. to be from Virginia, where it was known before 1817, but evidence recently obtained by Tom Burford has now determined this variety to be a synonym of Danziger Kantapfel [Dantziger], which was first recorded in 1790; see its listing.} Reported to have originated in both Kentucky and Virginia; well known prior to 1904. Exhibited at the National Agricultural Congress in St. Louis, Missouri in May 1872 by Dr. J. A. Warder, Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio. Small to medium in size {NAC: medium}, roundish oblate, regular {some sources say uneven}. Skin thin and tender, yellow or greenish yellow with red stripes and dots or blotches. Sometimes the skin is russeted at the base and very greasy with an overall gray appearance. Stem long, inclined. Cavity acute, regular. Basin shallow, wide, corrugated. Calyx small, closed. Flesh white to greenish white to yellowish white tinged red next to the skin, fine textured, solid, subacid, rich, mildly aromatic, highly flavored. Good quality for dessert or kitchen use. Late in season; fruit keeps until April. {There is still some uncertainty as to identity, because the descriptions are quite similar to those of Abram and Father Abraham [Abraham(1)], so check those listings. Also see Danziger Kantapfel [Dantziger].} [Ragan: “Confusion as to identity.”] (References: Ragan/1905, Hooper/1857, Warder/1867, MA/HSR/1871, Coxe/1817*, IN/HSR/1872, Burford/1991, NAC/1872) [PWC 18708, illustrated as synonym Father Abraham] Abraham(2) Origin unknown; grown under this name at the Illinois Experiment Station orchard in 1869. Yellow skin. Subacid flavor. Medium to early in season. Very good quality. (References: Ragan/1905, IL/ESB45/1896) Abram (Abram’s Pippin, Father Abraham (of Illinois), Father Abram, Red Abram) Origin believed to be Virginia {Lyon: South Carolina}, obtained from Edward Evans, York, Pennsylvania in 1863; recorded in 1852 and was listed commercially in the Midwest as of 1853. {Considered to be a synonym of Father Abraham [Abraham(1)], which has now been determined to be the old Polish/German variety Dantziger Kantapfel [Dantziger], according to Tom Burford.} (References: Ragan/1905, PAPS/1852, Downing/1869, H/1856, Warder/1867, GM1860, Lyon/catalog) Abranis Pippin Recommended as a winter variety for the South (U.S.). Not described. {Most likely a misprint of Abram’s Pippin, synonym of Abram.} (Reference: PAPS/1858) Acadian Queen Distributed by Teltane Farm & Nursery, Monroe, Maine in 1992; possibly a seedling of Golden Delicious. Medium in size, yellow with pink and russet markings. Crisp, sweet, yellow flesh. Small to medium sized tree appears to be resistant to insects and diseases. Ripens in October. (Reference: Whealy/1993) Accokeek Origin uncertain, although it may have come from or been named for Accokeek, Maryland. Medium in size, roundish oblong. Yellow skin with red stripes. Yellowish white flesh, sweet. Late season. (References: Ragan/1905, PA/ACR/1892) Accomac [Accomack Pippin – pre-Ragan] (Accomack, Accomack Pippin) Originated in Accomack County, Virginia; known prior to 1899. Medium or larger in size, roundish, flattened on the ends. Light yellow skin, speckled with many russet dots; whitish flesh. Stem short, set in an acute, deep, russeted cavity. Basin wide, deep. Season August. (References: Ragan/1905, Lyon/catalog, Calhoun/1995) [PWC 17825, illustrated as synonym Accomack] Accordian A local apple from the Vernon family of Rockingham County, North Carolina; propagated from root sprouts for over a hundred years (as of 1995). Named due to the lobes or ribs which run from top to bottom of the apples, giving the fruit a somewhat pleated appearance. Medium or larger in size, slightly oblate conical, lobed. Light yellowish green skin with a pinkish red blush mostly on the top of the apple; dots numerous, russet, sometimes with a red areole. 161
Stem short, set in a deep, russeted cavity. Calyx usually closed. Basin medium depth, corrugated. Flesh slightly yellowish, fine grained, juicy, crisp, subacid. August in season. (References: Calhoun/1995, Whealy/2001) Accubaefolia [crab] Origin uncertain; said to have been imported to the U.S. at the same time as Tetofski. Noted as larger in size than Tetofski, and darker red skin. Described as a large crab of good appearance and quality; keeps well. {Probably identical with Aucubafolia [Aucuba].} (References: Ragan/1905, PAPS/1873, CG/1874) Ace Spur Delicious A limb sport of Oregon Spur Delicious discovered in Quincy, Washington in 1970 by Carl Perleberg (U.S. Plant Patent 4587, Aug. 12, 1980, assigned to Columbia Basin Nursery, Quincy, Washington). Begins with an early stripe filling out to a solid, dark red blush. Exhibited early color and typical Delicious fruit with high quality flesh. Produces a second layer of red that covers moderate sunburn very well. Heavy producer. Easily pollinated. More vigor than Oregon Spur strains; easier to train. Ripens mid-October. (Reference: Brooks/Olmo/1997) Acey Mac (Buhr McIntosh) Discovered prior to 1969 by Arthur Burrill at Peru, New York (Plant Patent assigned to Columbia Basin Nursery, Quincy, Washington). Fruit similar to McIntosh in appearance, flavor, shape, flesh color and texture, but larger, firmer, and less inclined to preharvest drop. Ripens five days after Rogers McIntosh. Tree is similar to McIntosh. (Reference: Brooks/Olmo/1997) Acheson An open-pollinated seedling of Delicious from Mrs. J. A. Acheson, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; introduced commercially by the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta in 1941. Large in size {CAN/M/ACTB: small-medium}, ovate. Greenish yellow skin. Subacid flesh, fine textured; above medium quality. For processing use. Ripens mid to late August to September. Tree is hardy and productive. (References: USDA/SAC/1963, Vick/1991, Brooks/ Olmo/5/1950, Alderman/1962, CAN/Man/ACTB/1989) Acid Repka (Gov. List No. 466, Reinette Reipka Kislaya, Reipka Kislaya, Repka Kislaga, Repka Kislaja, Repka Kislaya, Riepka Kislaya, Sour Turnip) Russia. Large in size, oblate. Light yellow skin, often blushed. Sweet, banana flavored brown flesh, turning mealy fairly quickly, good quality. Medium in season. Tree moderately fruitful, hardy, somewhat drought and blight resistant. As described by IA/HSR: “Tree a good grower with very dark foliage. A sweet apple that will be prized over the great northwest. Fruit of size and marking of Benoni, with bloom, and is more decidedly ridging. Basin and cavity irregular and correspond with ridging. Flesh tender, juicy, and very sweet. Season, September here [in Iowa], and late fall north. Evidently untrue to name� (IA/HSR, 1885, pg. 286). (References: Ragan/1905, IA/HSR/1885, IA/HSR/1895, IA/HSR/1911, Gibb/1884, USDA/SAC/1963) Acid Sweet Distributed by this St. Clairsville, Ohio nursery in 1845. Green and red, round. Good quality. Moderately early in season. (Reference: Loyd/1845) Acker(1) Wisconsin origin; sold by the F. K. Phoenix Nursery, Delavan, Wisconsin; considered a new variety in 1885. Rootgrafts of this variety were sent to the Colorado Experiment Station at Fort Collins in 1889. Not described. (References: Ragan/1905, PAPS/1885, CO/ESR/ 1889) Acker(2) Wisconsin origin; a seedling of Oldenburg planted c. 1884, first fruited in 1890. Noted as a large, handsome apple that keeps until midwinter, although has a tendency to drop badly in October. Annual bearer. {Probably identical with Ackers Dutchess [Acker Dutchess]; see its description.} (Reference: CAN/CH/1894) Acker(3) Originated in Nova Scotia; scions were received by the Division of Pomology in 1895. Medium in size, oblate, irregular. Yellow skin, striped and splashed with light and dark red and sprinkled with a few small light dots. Basin broad, deep. Cavity broad, deep, russeted. Stem medium. Flesh is tender, breaking, fine grained, juicy, light colored tinged with red and 162
yellow; mild subacid, pleasant flavor. Good quality. Season early September. (Reference: USDA/AHC) [PWC 22596] Acker Dutchess [Acker's Dutchess – pre-Ragan] (Acker’s Dutchess, Ackers Dutchess) Origin was not listed, however probably is the same as Acker(2) of Wisconsin; recorded in 1903. Medium to large in size, oblate, regular. Yellow skin, rather thinly striped and splashed with bright red; dots minute, white, obscure. Cavity regular, russeted. Stem short. Basin wide, deep, abrupt, somewhat furrowed. Calyx open. Core closed. Yellowish subacid flesh. Good quality. Medium in season. [Ragan: “Duchess is doubtless correct.”] (References: Ragan/1905, SD/ESB76/1902) Ackerman Raised by G. P. Peffer, Pewaukee, Wisconsin. Original tree was killed by lightning in 1875. Fruit resembles Green Newtown, except for its dots. Keeps late. (References: Ragan/1905, IA/HSR/1877, CAN/Ont/EFR/1882, WI/HSR/1870-1871) Acklam [Acklam's Russet – pre-Ragan] (Acklam Russet, Acklam’s Russet, Aclemy Russet) Originated in Acklam, England; recorded in 1768. Medium to small in size, roundish oblate. Pale yellowish-green skin covered with a very thin, smooth gray russet interspersed with numerous yellowish black specks. Short stem. Small calyx, sunk in a deep, circular depression. Flesh is whitish or greenish white, very firm, crisp, subacid, sweet, highly flavored. Good quality. Late season. (References: Ragan/1905, ENG/NAR/1971) Acme(1) California origin; raised by O. N. Cadwell, Carpenteria, Santa Barbara; recorded in 1889. Very large in size, oblong conical. Dark red skin, “rather unhandsome.” Flesh very tender, juicy; flavor “peculiar, but pleasant.” Medium in season. [Ragan: “Described by Wickson, pg. 244.”] (References: Ragan/1905, Wickson/1889) Acme(2) This variety was exhibited at Maine State Pomological Society in 1895 by B. H. Ridley from the town of Jay, Franklin County, Maine. Not described. (Reference: ME/PSR/ 1894) Acorn [Acorn Greening – pre-Lyon] (Acorn Greening) Origin uncertain; sold under this name in Washington, D.C. in the mid-1820s. Disseminated in the southern central U.S. states in the mid-1800s. Fall season. Considered extinct. Not otherwise described. (References: Ragan/1905, AH/1892, Bailey/1889) Acovel Sweet Winter Noted as a winter variety planted in an orchard in Weston, Wisconsin c. 1900. Not otherwise described. (Reference: WI/HSR/1900) Acton Pumpkin Sweet Exhibited under this name at the Massachusetts Horticultural Society in 1846 by Robert Manning, Salem, Massachusetts. Not described. {This was listed with other “pumpkin sweet” apples and may be distinct.} (Reference: MA/HSR/1843-1846) Acton Spice Exhibited under this name at the Massachusetts Horticultural Society in 1846 by Robert Manning, Salem, Massachusetts. Not described. (Reference: MA/HSR/18431846) Acuba-Leaved Reinette (Acuba-Leaf Reinette, Reinette a Feuille d’Acuba, Reinette a Feuilles d’Acuba) Origin unknown; recorded in 1846. Medium to large in size, oblate, inclined to conical. Yellow skin, largely mottled or splashed with dull red {NY/WNYHS (1876): brilliant crimson}. Yellowish white flesh, tender, breaking, mild subacid. Good to very good quality. Tree is vigorous, productive. October to January. [Ragan: “Acuba doubtless correct.”] (References: Thomas/1846, Ragan/1905, NY/WNYHS/1876, NY/WNYHS/1896, CG/1877) Ada Grown under this name at Mountain Grove, Missouri Experiment Station in 1937, where it blossoms on average on April 18. Not described. (Reference: MO/ESC25/1938) Ada Red A seedling planted c. 1890 by A. G. Philpott near Springtown, Washington County, Arkansas; propagated commercially about 1898 or 1900. Named after Mr. Philpott’s daughter, Ada. Thought to be a seedling of Red June. In 1906, Stark Bros. Nursery, Louisiana, Missouri sent specimens of this apple to the USDA under the name Seedling. Medium or larger 163
in size, roundish. Yellowish skin, nearly covered with red broken stripes of purplish crimson; dots indistinct, small. Tender whitish flesh, fine-textured, tender, mild subacid flavor. Good quality for kitchen use. August in season. Generally an annual bearer. Susceptible to fire blight. {This might be identical with Ada.} (References: USDA/B275/1913, PAPS/1921, USDA/SAC/ 1963, Calhoun/1995) [PWC 36463] Adair A seedling of Delicious from Mrs. S. Adair, Outram, Saskatchewan, Canada; introduced in 1953. Greenish yellow skin. Medium in season. (References: Vick/1991, CAN/Man/ /1989) Adaline Minnesota origin, raised by Jacob Klein, Hokah; received Second Premium at the Minnesota State Fair in 1898. Medium in size, roundish, very regular. Yellow skin mostly covered with fine dark red, mixed, striped and splashed nearly solid color on the sun side; dots white or russet, minute, few. Cavity rather deep, regular, acuminate, slightly russeted. Stem short to medium size. Basin smooth, regular, abrupt, somewhat cup-shaped. Core small, closed. Calyx open; tube funnel-shaped, long, open to core; calyx segments marginal. White flesh is fine-textured, mildly subacid, nearly sweet. Good quality. Late in season. (References: Ragan/1905, SD/ESB76/1902, MN/HSR/1899) Adam Listed in 1916 by C. N. Fitts & Son, Dahlonega, Georgia. Not described. (Reference: NewVar/1856-1918) Adam [crab] A seedling of Red Siberian Crab [Red crab] (Malus baccata) discovered in 1930 by W. J. Boughen, Boughen Nurseries, Valley River, Manitoba, Canada; recorded in 1934, introduced to the U.S. in 1935 (P.I.# 141867). Small to medium in size (3 cm in diameter). Pale yellow skin with bright red blush. White flesh, slightly dry, astringent. Excellent quality for kitchen use. Early in season. Tree is a biennial bearer; moderately susceptible to fire blight, very hardy. {Boughen Nurseries: “Earliest of all crabs.”} (References: USDA/SAC/1963, Vick/1991, PAPS/1934, Brooks/Olmo/10/1955, CAN/Man/ACTB/1989) Adam and Eve Originated in Ontario. Medium in size. Yellow skin with red stripes. Yellowish white flesh, tender, juicy. Late in season. [Ragan: “Fruit often double.”] (References: Ragan/1905, AG/1890*) Adam Pearmain [Adam's Pearmain – pre-Lyon] (Adam's Pearmain, Adams Pearmain, Hanging Pearmain, Matchless, Norfolk Pippin) Originated in Hereford, England; introduced by R. Adams; brought to notice in 1826. Medium to large in size {some sources list as medium to small}, roundish conical, inclining to oblong. Pale yellow skin, sun side deeper yellow and salmon, shaded, mottled and splashed with red; many light dots, covered with delicate brown or gray russet. Slender ¾" long stem, half projecting from the base. Calyx rather small, closed. Basin very narrow, regular, slightly plaited. Yellowish flesh, crisp, rich, fine-textured and juicy; brisk, subacid, slightly aromatic flavor. Very good quality. Dessert use. Season November to February. Tree is a free, healthy grower; regular and profuse bearer on slender shoots. (References: Ragan/1905, Elliott/1854, ENG/NAR/1971, Emmons/1851/IV, SFG/1976, Lindley/1846) Adam's Sweet Listed, but not described, in each of these New England nursery catalogs. (References: High/1845, Down/1845, Saul/1845, Saul/1848) Adams (Big Rambo, Large Fall Rambo, Noll’s No. 1) Noted as being from James Adams, White Deer Township, Union County, Pennsylvania; recorded in 1853. Specimens were disseminated by H. R. Noll of Lewisburg, Union County, Pennsylvania under the name Noll’s No. 1. Fruit appearance is said to be very similar to Western Beauty and Summer Rambo with flavor similar to Rambo. Large in size, roundish oblate, slightly oblique. Skin is yellow or greenish yellow, shaded and splashed with red and russet netting; dots moderately numerous, dark-colored. Slender ½" long stem. Cavity broad, acute, large, deep. Calyx rather large, generally open; segments long, reflexed. Basin large, abrupt, plaited. Flesh is greenish white to yellowish, 164
C
CABASHEA [PWC 32979]
Illustrated by Amanda Almira Newton on March 9, 1905. Received on November 19, 1904, sent by J. P. Van Buren, Stockport, Columbia County, New York.
CADDO [PWC 15911, illustrated as synonym Brooks] Illustrated by Deborah Griscom Passmore in 1898. Received on July 26, 1898, sent by W. C. Hill, Jefferson, Marion County, Texas.
CADWALLADER [PWC 19912]
Illustrated by Bertha Heiges on September 7, 1900. Received on August 31, 1900, sent by Benjamin Buckman, Farmingdale, Sangamon County, Illinois.
CAGLE [PWC 49720, illustrated as synonym Cagle Seedling] Illustrated by Elsie E. Lower on February 21, 1911. Received on November 30, 1910, sent by U. P. Hedrick, Geneva, Ontario County, New York.
CALUMET [PWC 68402]
Illustrated by Amanda Almira Newton on December 20, 1913. Received on December 8, 1913, sent by the Central Experiment Station, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
CALVILLE BLANC D'HIVER [PWC 20895, illustrated as Calville] Illustrated by Deborah Griscom Passmore, December 8, 1900. Specimens exhibited at The Paris Exposition of 1900, sent from Paris, France by G. B. Brackett of the USDA.
154 CAMAK [PWC 10919, illustrated as synonym Camack]
Illustrated by Deborah Griscom Passmore on November 9, 1895. Sent by George E. Boggs, Waynesville, Haywood County, North Carolina.
CRANBERRY PIPPIN [PWC 21627]
Illustrated by Deborah Griscom Passmore on May 24, 1901. Received in 1901, sent by Robert Thompson, Saint Catharines, Ontario, Canada.
CRAWFORD(1) [PWC 24107]
Illustrated by Bertha Heiges on February 25, 1902. Received on February 13, 1902, sent by G. P. Miller, Paw Paw, Morgan County, West Virginia.
CREEK [PWC 12810]
Illustrated by Bertha Heiges on January 23, 1897. Received on October 14, 1896, sent by Henry Lehman, Hellam, York County, Pennsylvania.
CRIMSON BEAUTY [PWC 39556]
Illustrated by Amanda Almira Newton on October 24, 1907. Received on October 19, 1907, sent by Walter Whately, Crozet, Albemarle County, Virginia.
CRIMSON BRAMLEY [PWC 100005]
Illustrated by Amanda Almira Newton on June 25, 1921. Received on December 4, 1920, grown in Nova Scotia, Canada, exhibited at the American Pomological Society meeting at Columbus, Ohio.
CROCKER [PWC 20227]
Illustrated by Bertha Heiges on October 29, 1900. Received on October 1, 1900, sent by Fred A. Harden, Weyauwega, Waupaca County, Wisconsin.
CROOK STEM [PWC 13340, illustrated as (a.k.a.) Crookstem] Illustrated by Bertha Heiges on February 9, 1897. Received on January 27, 1897, sent by I. J. Blackwell, Titusville, Mercer County, New Jersey.
CROSS(1) [PWC 41566]
Illustrated by Elsie E. Lower on August 28, 1908. Received on August 19, 1908, sent by J. W. Kerr, Denton, Caroline County, Maryland.
CROSS(3) [PWC 13156]
Illustrated by Bertha Heiges on January 8, 1897. Received on November 24, 1896, sent by W. M. Munson, Horticultural Experiment Station, Orono, Penobscot County, Maine.
CROWEGG [PWC 87644, illustrated as synonym Crow Egg]
Illustrated by Royal Charles Steadman on February 19, 1916. Received on February 14, 1916, sent by the Geneva Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, Ontario County, New York.
252
Volume 3 Long Captions G
GALLIA BEAUTY [PWC 106133]
Illustrated by Mary Daisy Arnold on November 26, 1924. Sent by the Ohio Experimental Station, Wooster, Wayne County, Ohio.
GALWEILER [PWC 48023]
Illustrated by Deborah Griscom Passmore on November 22, 1910. Received on August 31, 1910, grown by R. Kleiner, Wheatland, Oklahoma County, Oklahoma, sent by H. P. Gould of the USDA.
GANO [PWC 37586]
Illustrated by Amanda Almira Newton on April 10, 1907. Received on December 21, 1906, grown by W. Gano, Kansas City, Jackson County, Missouri, sent by L. A. Goodman. 117 [PWC 22562] GARDEN GEM
Illustrated by Bertha Heiges in 1901. Received on September 18, 1901, sent by W. H. Bunting,
JONES [crab] [PWC 15126, illustrated as Jones Cider] Illustrated by Bertha Heiges January 21, 1898. Received on December 4, 1897, sent by Benjamin Buckman, Farmingdale, Sangamon County, Illinois.
JONES WINTER [PWC 105406]
Illustrated by Mary Daisy Arnold in 1924. Sent by Arlington Farm, Rosslyn, Arlington County, Virginia.
JOYCE [PWC 111197½]
Illustrated by Mary Daisy Arnold on February 7, 1930. Received in September 1929, sent by the Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
JUICY BITE [PWC 12695]
Illustrated by Deborah Griscom Passmore on October 27, 1896. Received on October 2, 1896, sent by W. R. Harris & Co., Tecumseh, Johnson County, Nebraska.
JULY(1) [PWC 34247]
Illustrated by Ellen Isham Schutt on July 21, 1905. Received on July 17, 1905, obtained from F. M. Soper, Magnolia, Kent County, Delaware, sent by Mr. Fletcher.
JUSTICE(2) [PWC 86800]
Illustrated by Amanda Almira Newton on December 16, 1915. Received on December 7, 1915, sent by J. A. Kuntz, Swiss, Nicholas County, West Virginia. K
KAIGHN [PWC 55334]
Illustrated by Amanda Almira Newton on February 23, 1912. Received in 1912, sent by H. A. Surface, Harrisburg, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania.
KANDIL SINAP [PWC 19539, illustrated as synonym Candil Sinap]
Illustrated by Deborah Griscom Passmore on June 12, 1900. Specimens from Kapoustim Freres, Simpheropol, Crimea, Russia were sent by William A. Taylor from Simferopol, Ukraine to The Paris Exposition of 1900, then sent from Paris by G. B. Brackett, USDA. 514 KANE(1) [PWC 41847]
Illustrated by Ellen Isham Schutt on September 30, 1908. Received on September 4, 1908, sent by John Heyd,
LOWELL [PWC 74749]
Illustrated by M. Strange on September 30, 1914. Received on September 23, 1914, sent by N. R. Nichols, Warwick, Franklin County, Massachusetts.
LOWLAND RASPBERRY [PWC 44504, as synonym Liveland Raspberry] Illustrated by Ellen Isham Schutt on October 5, 1909. Received on September 20, 1909, obtained from the Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, sent by G. B. Brackett of the USDA. 161
LOWRY [PWC 16964]
Illustrated by Deborah Griscom Passmore in 1898.
MAGNUM BONUM [PWC 11715, illustrated as synonym Bonum] Illustrated by Deborah Griscom Passmore in 1896. Sent by C. S. Scott, Sinks Grove, Monroe County, West Virginia.
MAGOG [PWC 29908]
Illustrated by Deborah Griscom Passmore on October 5, 1903. Received on October 5, 1903, sent by Christian Steinman, Mapleton, Monona County, Iowa.
MAGOON [PWC 49304]
Illustrated by Ellen Isham Schutt on January 5, 1911. Received on October 29, 1910, sent by C. W. Mann, Sierra Foothills District, Fresno, Fresno County, California.
MAGYAR [PWC 31516½]
Illustrated by Ellen Isham Schutt on May 4, 1904. Sent by T. A. Farrand, South Haven, Van Buren County, Michigan.
MAIDEN BLUSH [PWC 90799]
Illustrated by Royal Charles Steadman on October 12, 1916. Received on October 7, 1916, sent by F. H. Sisson, Worcester, Worcester County, Massachusetts.
MAIDEN BLUSH323 [crab] [PWC 20369]
Illustrated by Bertha Heiges on October 30, 1900. Received on October 10, 1900, sent by M. L. Dean,
ORLEANS REINETTE [PWC 20927]
Illustrated by Deborah Griscom Passmore on December 8, 1900. Specimens exhibited at The Paris Exposition of 1900, sent from Paris, France by G. B. Brackett of the USDA.
ORNAMENT [PWC 22644, illustrated as synonym Ornament de Table] Illustrated by Deborah Griscom Passmore on September 18 1901. Sent by James G. Patterson, Sheridan, Chautauqua County, New York.
ORONDO [PWC 49634, illustrated as synonym Sweet Potato Baker] Illustrated by Elsie E. Lower on December 3, 1910. Received on November 21, 1910, grown by J. B. Smith, Orondo, Douglas County, Washington, sent by Stark Bros. Nursery.
ORRICK [PWC 14948]
Illustrated by Bertha Heiges on January 7, 1898. Received November 6, 1897, sent by Benjamin Buckman, Farmingdale, Sangamon County, Illinois.
ORTLEY [PWC 37486]
Illustrated by Deborah Griscom Passmore on November 26, 1906. Received on November 26, 1906, grown by Dane Lowmiller, Parkville, Missouri, sent by W. H. Barnes, Secretary of the Kansas Horticultural Society, Topeka, Kansas.
OSCEOLA 83 [PWC 44507]
Illustrated by Elsie E. Lower on November 19, 1909. Received on September 20, 1909, grown at the Central Experimental Farm,
PONYIK [PWC 57528, illustrated as synonym Pomjik] Illustrated by Mary Daisy Arnold on August 17, 1912. Received on August 14, 1912, grown by L. B. Ramsey, Lebanon, Wilson County, Tennessee, sent by H. P. Gould.
POORHOUSE(2) [PWC 84116]
Illustrated by Royal Charles Steadman on October 30, 1915. Received on October 29, 1915, sent by J. William Firor, Athens, Clarke County, Georgia.
POPOFF [PWC 47063, illustrated as synonym Popoff Streaked] Illustrated by Amanda Almira Newton on July 6, 1910. Received on July 2, 1910, sent by John Daniel, Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee.
POPPLETON [PWC 85713]
Illustrated by Royal Charles Steadman on January 4, 1916. Received on October 30, 1915, sent by S. B. Scott, South Haven Experiment Station, South Haven, Van Buren County, Michigan.
PORTER [PWC 59089]
Illustrated by Amanda Almira Newton on October 1, 1912. Received on September 30, 1912, sent by F. C. Sears, Amherst, Hampshire County, Massachusetts.
PORTLAND SEEDLING [PWC 47035]
Illustrated by Amanda Almira Newton June 29, 1910. Received on June 29 1910, sent by John Daniels, Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee.
PRECOCEDE TUNIS [PWC 57238]
Illustrated by Amanda Almira Newton on August 15, 1912. Received on August 1, 1912, sent by Arlington Farm, Rosslyn, Arlington County, Virginia.
PRESLEY [PWC 16738, illustrated as Preesley]
Illustrated by Bertha Heiges on December 2, 1898. Received on October 19, 1898, sent by Jacob C. Hipwall, Portland, Chautauqua County, New York.
PRIDE OF SUMMER [PWC 51072]
Illustrated by Mary Daisy Arnold on August 4, 1911. Received on August 2, 1911, sent by T. L. Patterson, Blairsville, Union County, Georgia. 257 (1) [PWC 56998] PRIDE OF TENNESSEE
Illustrated by Mary Daisy Arnold on July 15, 1912. Received on July 13, 1912, sent by Charles Tucker,
SCONONDO [PWC 55465]
Illustrated by Amanda Almira Newton on February 7, 1912. Received on February 2, 1912, sent by Charles G. Atkins, East Orland, Hancock County, Maine.
SCOTT WINTER [PWC 68749, illustrated as synonym Scotts Winter] Illustrated by Amanda Almira Newton on January 15, 1914. Received on December 18, 1913, sent by W. Paddock, Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio.
SEATON RED DELICIOUS [PWC 111847]
Illustrated by Royal Charles Steadman on April 14, 1931. Specimens grown in Winfield, British Columbia, Canada, sent by H. C. Diehl, Wenatchee, Washington.
SECOR [PWC 113693]
Illustrated by Louis Charles Christopher Krieger in 1939. Received in 1939, sent by the Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, Prince George’s County, Maryland.
SEEANDO RED ROME [PWC 113427]
Illustrated by Mary Daisy Arnold on March 11, 1937. Received on December 1, 1936, sent by Edwin Smith, Wenatchee, Chelan County, Washington.
SEEANDO WINESAP [PWC 113428]
Illustrated by Mary Daisy Arnold on March 15, 1937. Received on December 1, 1936, sent by Edwin Smith, Wenatchee, Chelan County, Washington.
SEEDLESS(3) [PWC 37462]
Illustrated by Deborah Griscom Passmore on February 14, 1907. Received on November 23, 1906, sent by Samuel Donaldson and Edward Reiter, Kittanning, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania.
SEEDLESS AND CORELESS(1) [PWC 35308]
Illustrated by Deborah Griscom Passmore on November 9, 1905. Received on November 9, 1905, sent by Dr. Nannistad Bjorn, Brooklyn, Kings County, New York.
SEEDLING OF SURPRISE [PWC 104552]
Illustrated by Royal Charles Steadman on January 17, 1924. Sent by Albert F. Etter, Ettersburg, Humboldt County, California.
SEKULA [PWC 87646]
239 Illustrated by Amanda Almira Newton on March 10, 1916. Received on February 14, 1916, sent by the New York State Agricultural Experimental Station, Geneva, Ontario County, New York.
WINTER JOHN [PWC 00007]
Illustrated by Mary Daisy Arnold on February 7, 1929. Received on October 10, 1928, sent by Arlington Farm, Rosslyn, Arlington County, Virginia.
WINTER PARADISE [PWC 55328]
Illustrated by Ellen Isham Schutt on February 16, 1912. Received on January 24, 1912, sent by A. L. Roth, Sugarloaf, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania.
WINTER ST. LAWRENCE [PWC 92057]
Illustrated by Royal Charles Steadman on December 19, 1916. Received on December 11, 1916, sent by A. C. Turney, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada.
WINTER VANDEVERE [PWC 10982]
Illustrated by Deborah Griscom Passmore on November 19, 1895. Received 1895, sent by Theodore Day, Dyberry, Wayne County, Pennsylvania.
WINTERSTEIN (a.k.a. Winter Stein) [PWC 64909] Illustrated by Mary Daisy Arnold on October 4, 1913. Received on September 17, 1913, sent by Frank Moffitt, Carmel, Hamilton County, Indiana.
WINTHROP GREENING [PWC 12658]
Illustrated by Bertha Heiges on October 17, 1896. Received on September 29, 1896, sent by Orrin McFadden, Cedar Grove, Lincoln County, Maine.
WINTON [crab] [PWC 111207]
Illustrated by Mary Daisy Arnold March 1930. Sent by Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
WISEMAN RUSSET [PWC 40042]
Illustrated by Deborah Griscom Passmore on February 3, 1908. Received on December 11, 1907, sent by S. W. Southern & Sons, Clarksburg, Harrison County, West Virginia.
WISMER 173 [PWC 38980]
Illustrated by Amanda Almira Newton on November 7, 1907. Received on September 14, 1907, sent by L. H. Fairchild,
Historic Pomologists' Biographies Researched by Lee Bellamy and Eli Halbreich Compiled by Kent Whealy Patrick Barry
by Wilhelm Miller (The Standardfrom: Cyclopedia Horticulture, Third Edition, Liberty Hyde 1919) Reprinted WilhelmofMiller. “Horticulturists, Northby American; Barry,Bailey, Patrick.” Liberty Hyde Bailey, ed. The Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture, 3rd Ed. Barry, Patrick,New nurseryman, and author, was born Belfast, Ireland, in May, York: Theeditor MacMillan Company, 1919.near (Page 1564.) 1816, and died in Rochester, New York, June 23, 1890. He came to America at the age of twenty, and after four years of service with the Princes, at Flushing, on Long Island, heeditor founded Barry, Patrick, nurseryman, and in 1840, with George Ellwanger, at Rochester, New York, theborn Mount Hope Nurseries. author, was near Belfast, Ireland, in May, Ellwanger and Barry introduced fruit-growing into western NewinYork at a time when there were 1816, and died Rochester, New York, June 23, no collections of fruits, no railroad or telegraphic1890. facilities, nor any fast oceanatsteamers to twenty, bring He came to America the age of over their importations from Europe. From 1844and to 1852, Barryyears edited Genesee Farmer,” after four of“The service with the Princes, an excellent and influential paper – afterward merged in “Theon Cultivator and Country at Flushing, Long Island, he founded in 1840, Gentleman.” After the death of A. J. Downing, he succeeded to the editorship of “The New York, with George Ellwanger, at Rochester, Horticulturist,” which he removed to Rochester, until June, Hope 1855, Nurseries. after whichEllwanger this famous the Mount and Barry magazine had many vicissitudes until 1887, whenintroduced it went to fruit-growing swell the number periodicals now into of western New York represented commercially by “American Gardening.” In 1851 hisno“Treatise on of thefruits, at a time whenappeared there were collections Fruit-Garden,” a new and thoroughly revised edition of which issued infacilities, 1872, under no railroad orwas telegraphic nor the anytitle fast of “Barry’s Fruit-Garden.” It is still one of the most popular books pomology, andimportations deservedly ocean steamers to on bring over their so. The catalogue of fruits which he compiled forfrom the American Pomological is a edited Europe. From 1844 to Society 1852, Barry monumental work. Mr. Barry did much to make“The Rochester a city of nurseries and western New Genesee Farmer,” an excellent and influential paper afterward merged inSociety, “The Cultivator York a famous fruit-growing region. The Western New– York Horticultural of which and he Gentleman.” After the deaththan of A. J. was president for more than thirty years, and untilCountry his death, has long exercised a more he succeeded the of editorship of “The sectional influence. The work of Barry was trulyDowning, national, and essentiallytothat a pioneer. He Horticulturist,” he removed to Rochester, must be considered in the front rank of pomological authors, withwhich the Downings, Warder, and until June, after orcharding which thison famous Thomas, whose combined weight gave a great impulse toward1855, establishing a large magazine had many1890, vicissitudes scale in America. For a fuller account, see “Annals of Horticulture,” 287-290. until 1887, when it went to swell the number of periodicals Spencer Ambrose Beach (1860–1922) now represented commercially by “American Gardening.” In 1851 appeared his “Treatise on by Michael H. Chaplin theHall, Fruit-Garden,” new and thoroughly revised Department of Horticulture, 106 Horticulture Iowa State aUniversity, Ames, Iowa Patrick Barry edition of which1993) was issued in 1872, under the (HortScience, Vol. 28(11), November title of “Barry’s Fruit-Garden.” It is still one Portrait by William Charles Baker (1872-1958). of the mostby popular books oninpomology, The legacy left by Spencer Ambrose Beach was assured his prominence the creationand of Used by permission of the L. H. Bailey Hortorium, deservedly so. The catalogue of fruits ASHS; his classic two-volume work, Apples of New York (published in 1905); and his which he Department and of Plant Biology, Cornell University compiled for the Pomological Society enthusiastic tireless work toward furthering the knowledge of American horticultural science through rights reserved). is a monumental work.to Mr. Barry did much to improved and (all winter-hardy plant cultivars. His scholarly contributions horticultural city of nurseries and western development, research, and education created themake field Rochester of modern ahorticultural science. NewBorn Yorkon a famous region. N.Y., The Western York Horticultural which 15 Sept.fruit-growing 1860 at Sumnerhill, Beach’sNew education began in the Society, Cayuga of County he wasschools. presidentAfter for more thirty hisschool death,inhas long exercised a more than public gradethan school, he years, taughtand at a until district Michigan before becoming a sectional The ofN.Y. BarryHe was truly national, andinessentially of athen pioneer. student at influence. the Academy in work Homer, attended high school Ann Arbor,that Mich., He must be considered in the front rank ofIowa. pomological with that the he Downings, Warder, taught in the public schools of southeastern It was at authors, this juncture met pioneering and Thomas, whose weightand gave a Budd, great impulse toward establishing horticulturists Georgecombined O. Van Houten J. L. head of the Horticulture Dept.orcharding at Iowa on aState largeCollege. scale in Beach America. For athe fuller account, seeand, “Annals Horticulture,” 1890, of 287-290. entered college in 1884 underofthe inspiring tutelage Prof. Budd, selected horticulture as his life’s work. After receiving his BS in 1887, Beach accepted a job 433
Spencer Ambrose Beach Reprinted, by permission of the American Society of Horticultural Science, from: Michael H. Chaplin. “Spencer Ambrose Beach (1860-1922).” HortScience, Vol. 28, No. 11, Nov. 1993. (Page 1079.) The legacy left by Spencer Ambrose Beach was assured by his prominence in the creation of ASHS; his classic two-volume work, Apples of New York (published in 1905); and his enthusiastic and tireless work toward furthering the knowledge of horticultural science through improved and winter-hardy plant cultivars. His scholarly contributions to horticultural development, research, and education created the field of modern horticultural science. Born on 15 Sept. 1860 at Sumnerhill, N.Y., Beach’s education began in the Cayuga County public schools. After grade school, he taught at a district school in Michigan before becoming a student at the Academy in Homer, N.Y. He attended high school in Ann Arbor, Mich., then taught in the public schools of southeastern Iowa. It was at this juncture that he met pioneering horticulturists George O. Van Houten and J. L. Budd, head of the Horticulture Dept. at Iowa State College. Beach entered the college in 1884 and, under the inspiring tutelage of Prof. Budd, selected horticulture as his life’s work. After receiving his BS in 1887, Beach accepted a job with the Silas Wilson Nurseries in Atlantic, a small town in western Iowa. Over the next 3 years Beach sold nursery stock – often riding horseback or walking through many of the rural districts, where he learned firsthand about the farmer and his needs and challenges. He earned his MS in plant pathology from Iowa State College in 1892. In 1891, after spending one year as head of the Horticulture Dept. at Texas A&M, Beach joined the New York Experiment Station at SI’1-I.\'(,'l‘]l{ .-'\.\lBl1()SI'] BEACH, 1860-1922 Geneva, where he remained for 14 years. He gentle, and theBeach elements life was Ambrose "His Spencer so mix'd in him that Nature might stand is credited with establishing the first fruit up and say to all the world, -This was ''—Shakespeare. a man breeding program at the station in 1898. His Photograph published in: L. H. Pammel. cross of ‘Ben Davis’ apple with ‘Macintosh’ “Prominent Men I Have Met; Spencer Ambrose Beach,” in 1915 resulted in the ‘Cortland’ apple, which Vol. 5, Ames, IA, 1928. is still one of the most widely grown apples in New York. Also during his tenure at Geneva, Beach conducted the first field tests on bean, potato, celery, plum, cherry, apple, and pear. He is considered the first breeder to attempt cross pollination of grape. 3'
434
In 1905 Beach returned to Iowa State College as head of its horticulture department and as vice dean of the College of Agriculture, positions he held until his death in 1922. Records indicate that his tenure was a truly remarkable and enlightened time for the college – the proverbial golden age of horticulture. His innovative administrative and teaching styles and achievements laid the foundation for modern horticulture curriculums and extension programs. He developed and enlarged the faculty, bringing in pioneering pomologists and fruit breeders; experts in vegetable crops, floriculture, and landscape architecture; and the first professor who was a trained forester. Under his guidance, the professional staff of the College of Agriculture was the largest and the departmental staff the third largest in the country, following only California and Cornell. The number of horticulture students increased greatly at this time also. Before Beach’s tenure, only four BS and four MS degrees had been granted. In the 17 years that Beach headed the department, 74 BS and 26 MS degrees in horticulture were granted. Beach also developed and taught a basic course in plant breeding that later led to the addition of a Genetic Dept. in the College of Agriculture. He was instrumental in securing a new horticulture building, which still serves as an integral part of the current horticulture facility at Iowa State University. Beach had long been interested in the concept of using plant breeding to produce hardy cultivars for cold climates. While at Iowa, he introduced 11 winter-hardy apple cultivars between 1921 and 1922 for the upper Mississippi Valley and the Great Plains. Under his guidance, this region remained the major U.S. apple producer for more than 30 years, until the Armistice Day freeze of 1940, which killed the trees to the ground. With his election as an honorary member of the Royal Horticultural Society of London in 1903, Beach became convinced that the United States needed an organization for professional horticulturists from the teachers and research scientists on staff at U.S. landgrant colleges and the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. He became the prime mover in the creation of ASHS in Boston in 1903. During the Society’s early critical years, he served as secretary and later as president. He used his forum to urge his own state (Iowa) and the nation to resist “individualism” at the expense of success in horticultural pursuits through cooperation. At the time of his death in 1922, Beach’s reputation as an insightful teacher, administrator, and leader, and as the creator of great and lasting contributions to horticultural development, research, and education was assured. To his contemporaries, Beach was considered a true gentleman – enthusiastic and forceful, yet quiet in demeanor and speech – a humble, gracious individual; steadfast friend and trusted mentor; and a learned and inspiring teacher. A man of principle and high ideals, he believed the true purpose of his life was to serve others, and he did so untiringly within academia, the community, and the nation to make great and lasting contributions to the advancement of horticultural science and thus, to the quality of life of all people. “What kind of a world would we have were it not for the dreamer, the seer, for him who sees visions and then goes to work to bring his visions to pass.” – S. A. Beach
Joseph Lancaster Budd Reprinted from: N. E. Hanson. “Biographies; Budd, Joseph Lancaster.” Liberty Hyde Bailey, ed. Cyclopedia of American Agriculture, Vol. IV – Farm and Community. New York: The MacMillan Company, 1909. (Pages 558-559.) Budd, Joseph Lancaster, horticulturist, teacher, investigator, was born near Peekskill, N.Y., July 3, 1835. He died at Phoenix, Ariz., December 20, 1904. His early life was spent on the home farm and in preparation for college at the Monticello Normal Institute. When ready for the sophomore year at Union College he had to give up his course. In 1857, he went to Rockford, Ill. for two years as principal of the high school and tutor of mathematics in the academy for boys. 435
Synonyms A A. 2, syn. of Alnarp 2. (Brooks/Olmo/1997) A. Lincoln, syn. of Red Astrachan. (Ragan/1905, Buckman/1891) Aargauer Jubilaums, syn. of Jubile' d'Argovie. (USDA/SAC/1963) Aaron Holt, syn. of Aaron. (Coma/1895) Aaron Holt, syn. of Aaron; name changed by Ragan. Abbot Sweeting, syn. of Abbott Sweet. (NEF/1835, MH/1835) Abbott?, syn. of Finley. (Warder/1867) Abbott’s Five-Sided Spice, syn. of Abbott Spice. (Downing/1869) Abbott’s Five-Sided Spice, syn. of Abbott Spice; name changed by Van Deman. Abbott’s Lawn, syn. of Abbott Lawn. (RNY/1869*) Abbott’s Lawn, syn. of Abbott Lawn; name changed by Ragan. Abbott’s Sweet, syn. of Abbott Sweet. (Downing/Chas./notes) Abe Lincoln, syn. of Red Astrachan. (Downing/1845*) Aberdeen, syn. of Nickajack. (Downing/1857) Abram’s Pippin, syn. of Abram. (Evan/1863) Accidental, syn. of Nickajack. (Downing/1857) Acker’s Dutchess, syn. of Acker Dutchess. (MN/ESR/1890) Acker’s Dutchess, syn. of Acker Dutchess; name changed by Ragan. Acklam’s Russet, syn. of Acklam. (Downing/A1/1872, Emmons/1851/IV, WFNC/1849, Lindley/1846) Acklam’s Russet, syn. of Acklam; name changed by Ragan. Aclam’s Russet is an [erroneous] syn. of Syke House Russet. (GF/1835) Aclemy Russet, syn. of Acklam. (Downing/A1/1872) Accomack Pippin; syn. of Accomac. (Lyon/catalog) Accomack Pippin; syn. of Accomac; name changed by Ragan. Acorn Greening, syn. of Acorn. (Bailey/1889, Calhoun/1995) Acorn Greening, syn. of Acorn; name changed by Lyon. Adam’s White, syn. of Settle. (Downing/A2/1876) Adam’s Pearmain, syn. of Adam Pearmain. (Elliott/1854) Adam’s Pearmain, syn. of Adam Pearmain; name changed by Lyon. Adams Pearmain, syn. of Adam Pearmain. (Downing/1857, GF/1833) Adersleber Kalvill, syn. of Adersleber Calville. (USDA/SAC/1963) Admirable de Kew, syn. of Kew Admirable. (ENG/NAR/1971) Adrienne, syn. of York Imperial. (Vick/1991) Aesopus Spitzenberg, syn. of Esopus Spitzenburg.
(Downing/1845) Aesopus Spitzenburg, syn. of Esopus Spitzenburg. (NEF/1826) African Prince, syn. of African. (MH/1839) African Prince, syn. of African; name changed by Ragan. Agate d’Enckyhuysen, syn. of Agate. (Downing/A3/1881) Agate d’Enckyhuysen, syn. of Agate; name changed by Lyon. Agnes’s, syn. of Agnes. (Downing/1857) Aiken, syn. of Akin. (John/pre-1905) Aiken Striped, syn. of Akin [crab]. (Ragan/1905) Aiken’s Striped Winter, syn. of Akin [crab]. (PAPS/1875, MN/HSR/1874) Aikin, syn. of Akin. (Carr(2)/1898) Aikin’s Striped Winter, syn. of Akin [crab]. (MN/HSR/1877) Aikins Striped Winter, syn. of Aikin Striped; name changed by Ragan. Aken Seedling, probably the same as Akin. (Lyon/catalog) Akeson’s Winter Sweet, syn. of Akeson. (MH/1853) Akeson’s Winter Sweet, syn. of Akeson; name changed by Lyon. Aker’s Green Winter, syn. of Green Aker; name changed by Lyon. Aker’s Striped Winter, syn. of Striped Aker [crab]. (Lyon/catalog) Aker’s Striped Winter, syn. of Striped Aker; name changed by Lyon. Akin Red, syn. of Akin. (Knox/1893) Akin Seedling, syn. of Akin. (IL/HSR/1890) Akin’s Winter, syn. of Akin [crab]. (Downing/1869, RNY/1869*) Akin’s Winter, syn. of Akin [crab]; name changed by Lyon. Alabama Hybrid, syn. of Alabama [crab]. (Lind/pre-1905) Alabama Hybrid, syn. of Alabama [crab]; name changed by Ragan. Alabama Pearmain, syn. of Mangum. (Downing/A1/1872) Alabama Pearmain (of Peters), syn. of Patton. (Warder/1867) Alabama Queen, syn. of Alabama(1). (Buckman/1901) Alabama Queen, syn. of Alabama(1); name changed by Lyon. Alabaster Weisser, syn. of Alabaster. (Gibb/1884) Alabaster White, syn. of Alabaster. (IA/HSR/1896, SD/ESB76/1902) Alamance Beauty, syn. of Alamance. (Lind/pre-1905, Calhoun/1995) Alamance Beauty, syn. of Alamance; name changed by Ragan. Albemarle, syn. of Yellow Newtown. (Ragan/1905, Warder/1867) Albury Park Nonsuch, syn. of Albury(1).
232
504