BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 project 2 CONSTRUCTION SOLUTION
NAME CRYSTALLINA ALECIA KAYA STUDENT ID 0318742 TUTOR MS CHERYL NGIAM
TABLE OF CONTENT 1 INTRODUCTION
1
2 3 4 5 6
2 3 4 5 6
FACADE SYSTEM 1 FACADE SYSTEM 2 STRUCTURAL SYSTEM FLOORING SYSTEM ROOFING SYSTEM
7-10
7 FACADE DESIGNS 7.1FACADE 7.2FACADE 7.3FACADE 7.4FACADE
DESIGN DESIGN DESIGN DESIGN
1 1 2 2
(FRONT ELEVATION (REAR ELEVATION) (FRONT ELEVATION) (REAR ELEVATION)
8 SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVES 8.1 DETAILED DRAWING OF FOUNDATION TO GROUND SLAB 8.2 DETAILED DRAWING OF STRUCTURAL TO ROOF AND ROOF TO SKIN FACADE
11-12
INTRODUCTION TO STUDIO DESIGN : COMMUNITY LIBRary PROJECT COMMUNITY LIBRARY
LOCATION JALAN IPOH
FUNCTION THE PURPOSE OF THIS LIBRARY IS TO UNITE THE LOCALS IN THE SURROUNDING AREA AS WELL AS TO PROVIDE PUBLIC SPACES SINCE JALAN IPOH IS LACKING OF PUBLIC AMENITIES.
DESIGN STATEMENT A COMMUNITY LIBRARY DESIGNED TO COMBINE BOTH ART AND ACADEMICS IN ONE BUILDING WHERE EVERYONE CAN ENJOY BOTH. LOCATED NEARBY THE HEART OF KUALA LUMPUR, JALAN IPOH IS UNDER GOING RAPID DEVELOPMENT GROWTH. INFILL SITE THAT IS SITUATED IN BETWEEN OLD SHOP HOUSES AND HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS, JALAN IPOH HAS THE POTENTIAL OF BECOMING AN ART CENTRE WITH KL PAC SITTING ACROSS AND A NUMBER OF RELIGIOUS PLACES THAT IS VERY ACTIVE, BRINGING LIFE TO JALAN IPOH.
SITE PLAN NTS
INFILL SITE, JALAN IPOH PAGE | 1
facade system : glass fibre reinforced concrete PRECEDENT STUDIES
office building
description BY TAKESHI HOSAKA
An office building built in the Tokyo suburb of Yoyogi. Facade of the office building is cladded with white glass fibre reinforcement concrete.
Glass fiber reinforced concrete is an engineered material that contains cement, polymers, and glass fibers that are ingrained in the cementious matrix. The properties are influenced by the glass contents, mix design, and production process. GFRC is mainly used for external applications since it increases its load-bearing capacity. It produces an extremely lightweight yet durable material.
MATERIAL USED
Fine aggregate
Portland cement
advantages LIGHTER WEIGHT
With GFRC, concrete can be cast in thinner sections and is therefore as much as 75% lighter than similar pieces cast with traditional concrete.
HIGH STRENGTH
The flexural strength gives it a high strength to weight ratio
ADAPTABILITY AND QUALITY
GFRC is very adaptable that it can be poured or sprayed. When sprayed, the surface finish has no pits or bug-holes. If it is poured, it is easily shimmied to remove all pits and bug-holes prior to
Acrylic co-palmer
Glass fiber reinforcement
CONSTRUCTION METHOD SPRAY-UP METHOD
The traditional, and perhaps still the best, way to manufacture precast GFRC elements is by hand spraying the GFRC into a mold. This is how most precast GFRC architectural cladding panels are made and also most ornamental precast GFRC. With the direct spray-up method, you need a concentric chopper gun, which is fed by a spool of GFRC roving pulled into the chopper gun and blended at the nozzle. This mix has a higher fiber content (4 to 6%) than can be achieved with premix and is the recommended method for
reason of choice
FAST INSTALLATION
GFRC panels gives an aesthetic value thats inclusive of having high strength as well as being light weighted. The installment for GFRC is also less time consuming and is easy to install.
GFRC panels is cladded and thus it eliminate the need for scaffolding because the panels are Lifted by crane and then attached from inside the building.
disadvantages 1. The cost of GFRC is higher than traditional concrete due to the content of fiberglass inside the concrete and addition of additives and acrylic co-polymer price is steeper. 2. GFRC is not ductile 3. GFRC is difficult to self-mix 4. Easily fall apart if not properly applied or poured.
Water
manufacturer HLE PRECAST SDN BHD
reference http://www.concretenetwork.com/glass-fiber-reinforced-concrete/benefits.html https://www.strombergarchitectural.com/technical/gfrc-cladding-panels.pdf https://www.wbdg.org/resources/env_seismicsafety.php
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facade system : light weight panel system PRECEDENT STUDIES
THE COOPER UNION FOR ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE AND ART BY MORPHOSIS ARCHITECT
Located in New York, the building reverberates with light, shadow and transparency via a high performance exterior double skin whose semi-transparent layer of perforated stainless steel wraps the building’s glazed envelope to provide critical interior environmental control, while also allowing for transparencies to reveal the creative activity occurring within.
description
construction method
Lightweight cladding is generally designed to move with the structural frame and must be able to accommodate design drifts. The latter may be a spandrel wall built on site from steel studs with metal facing, or it may consist of factory fabricated panels, with exterior facing, insulation and interior finish assembled into an integrated panel.
Similar to GFRC, light weight cladding is attached on to the exterior of buildings. The panels are attached to the slabs in order to hold them firmly enabling them to be able to resist any form of dynamic changes as it is placed in a location where its exposed to wind, sun and water.
material used
ADVANTAGES
1.Improved acoustic insulation 2.Increased thermal insulation 3.Easier night-time ventilation of unoccupied spaces 4.Better protection for shading and/or lighting devices 5.Optimised ventilation in different seasons or climates
DISADVANTAGES 1.Higher construction and maintenance costs 2.Potential issues about fire propagation
reason of choice Light weight panels does not only help to provide natural ventilation or improve the acoustics of a building but it also helps to create an aesthetically beautiful facade.
MANUFACTURER
reference http://www.breathingbuildings.com/media/129499/2%20nicola%20mingotti.pdf http://www.tboake.com/pdf/double_facade_general.pdf http://www.thermosash.co.nz/c24_TwinSkinSolutions.aspx#&panel1-2 http://www.fenestrapro.com/2014/02/27/seeing-double-part-ii-the-role-of-a-double-skin-facade-energy-consumption/ PAGE |3
structural system : steel frame structure PRECEDENT STUDIES
waitrose BY BROADWAY MALYAN Waitrose is a commercial development located in Chester City Centre. The Waitrose store is articulated as a steel frame construction with the first floor constructed from pre-cast hollow core concrete planks topped with a structural concrete screed. The colonnade and primary structural elements expressed on the exterior of the building are set out on a structural grid and clad in sheet bronze, with the main elevations being clad in either perforated bronze sheets or glazed with a curtain wall capped with
descripti0n
CONSTRUCTION METHOD
Steel frame is a building technique with a "skeleton frame" of vertical steel columns and horizontal I-beams, constructed in a rectangular grid to support the floors, roof and walls of a building which are all attached to the frame.
Bolted Steel Construction occurs when steel fabricators produce finished and painted steel components, which are then shipped to the site and simply bolted in place. This is the preferred method of steel construction for the reason that the bulk of the fabrication can be done in workshops, with the right machinery, lighting, and work conditions. The only work that has to be done at site is only lifting the steel members into place with cranes and bolting causing the work at site to be done very fast.
materials
advantages 1. Fast and easy to install on site as it is already pre-fabbed at the factory. 2. They are flexible which makes them have a good resistance towards dynamic forces (earthquakes, wind, etc.) 3. Comes in a variety of shapes and sizes 4. Multiple types of joining methods. 5. Able to be molded into different shape
disADVANTAGES 1. Susceptible to fire 2. Prone to corrosion
reason of choice Steel frame is structurally strong as well as sustainable. As it is pre-fabbed at the factory it helps to increase the speed of construction. This steel structure comes in different shapes and sizes which gives the flexibility to construct in any form. As a step of preventing from corroding, coatings are taken into account.
MANUFACTURER
reference http://www.steelconstruction.info/Steel_material_properties
PAGE | 4
floor system : composite metal decking PRECEDENT STUDIES
36 btRD
BY DP ARCHITECTS
A residential building in Singapore that uses lightweight composite metal decking for sustainability and buildability purposes.
description
construction method
Composite is made up of at least two discrete substances such as concrete which allows a blending of properties of the separate components. Composite metal deck combines the tensile strength with the compressive strength of concrete to improve design efficiency and reduce the material necessary to cover a given area. A steel beam which is made a composite by using shear connector. This makes the composite metal decking and concrete much stronger and stiffer than the base beam alone.
Composite slabs, comprising lightly reinforced concrete cast on profiled steel decking, are an option whether the beams are downstand or integrated within the slab depth for a shallow floor form of construction. The slabs are normally reinforced using an upper layer of mesh and, occasionally, additional bars in the troughs. Then the deck is usually laid on to the structural frame.
advantages 1. The concrete composite acts together with the steel to create a stiffer, lighter and less expensive structure. Hence, the cost of using composite metal deck is lesser than other flooring system. 2. The structural steel frame comes in different weights. 3. The lighter the weight of the structural steel frame, the lesser the cost of constructing the foundation. 4. The use of structural system will be able to reduce the live load deflections 5. Composite metal decking provides and stiffer and stable floor. 6. Fast installment 7. Good fire resistant
disadvantages 1. The need for additional shear connector will increase field costs.
reason of choice Main reason of choosing this is because it is a light weight material and structurally strong. Other than that, this will help to increase the speed of construction. It is also a good fire resistant which is important as it is a public building and therefore this helps to reduce the risk of being prone to fire. The usage of composite metal deck will create a sustainable building.
MANUFACTURER
reference http://www.steelconstruction.info/Design_of_composite_steel_deck_floors_for_fire http://www.ence.umd.edu/~ccfu/ref/CompConstCamber1_Fu.pdf
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roof system : metal de ck roofing PRECEDENT STUDIES
roof house
BY TEZUKA ARCHITECTS
The Roof House, Japan uses metal deck roofing that enable to withstand the changing seasons in Japan
decription
construction method
Metal deck is a cold formed corrugated metal sheet supported by joists or beams. For metal deck roofing, it is used to support the insulating membrane of a roof. Over the years, the design and fabrication of the steel’s properties is maximized to improve its performance.
The roof height is measured first and foremost inclusive of additional 2 or 4 inches to allow installment of the metal edging. Then, metal edging is placed around the perimeter of the roof. Lastly, put in the the multiple layers of the roof. Excess layers will be trimmed off.
material used
https://bt301.wordpress.com/author/tobeybeybey/
advantages 1. Lightweight and portable 2. Durable 3. Low-maintanence 4. Energy efficiency 5. Versatile
disadvantages 1. High cost 2. Noisy when it rains
MANUFACTURER
reason of choice Metal decking is very sustainable and it comes in a variety which gives the flexibility of which type of metal decking to use that suits the design of the building. Moreover its energy efficient which means able to help reduce electricity cost.
reference http://jammywork.blogspot.my/2015/04/shed-roof-plywood-nails-must-see.html https://bt301.wordpress.com/author/tobeybeybey/
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facade design1 : glass fibre reinforcement concrete
FRONT ELEVATION SCALE 1:100 PAGE | 7
facade design1:GLASS FIBRE REINFORCEMENT CONCRETE
REAR ELEVATION SCALE 1:100 PAGE | 8
reason of choice
facade design2: light weight panels
FRONT ELEVATION SCALE 1:100 PAGE | 9
facade design2: light weight panels
REAR ELEVATION SCALE 1:100 PAGE | 10
sectional perspective
detailed drawing of the connection of the foundation to the ground floor slab | scale 1:50
reception area
BACK LANE +RL 1
bolted connection
GROUND FLOOR PLAN NTS
up
up
steel bracket
up
+RL 2 +RL 1.825
composite metal slab
steel profiled deck cast insitu concrete
steel beam
steel column
pad foundation
PAGE | 11
sectional perspective
detailed drawing of structural frame connection to the roof and skin facade |scale 1:50
children zone
BACK LANE +RL 1
up
FIRST FLOOR PLAN NTS
down
down
metal deck roofing purlin uner panel
up
+RL 2 +RL 1.825
skylight composite metal slab
insulation metal deck panels
steel beam steel column
metal cladding light weight panels 1000mmx3000mm
PAGE | 12