APA Reference Short Guide

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January 2010

APA Referencing Examples, 6th Ed.

How to make an entry for a periodical (journal) or newspaper article (with doi) Alley, O. (2000, June 28). Students may die in debt. The Dominion Post, p. 1. Neysay, J. (2000). Mathematics, society and the curriculum. The New Zealand Mathematics Journal, 30(1), 7­14. Herbst­Damm, K.L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Volunteer support and the survival times of terminal patients. Health Psychology, 24, 225­229. doi: 10.1037/0278­6133.24.2.22

How to make an entry for a book with one author or editor Ministry of Education (N.Z.). (1996). Te Whāriki: He whāriki mātauranga mō ngā mokopuna of Aotearoa: Early childhood curriculum. Wellington: Learning Media. Redmond, S. (Ed.). (2004). Liquid metal: the science fiction film reader. London: Wallflower.

How to cite an item that has multiple authors or editors (use ,... for more than seven) Gostick, A. R. & Christopher, S. (c2008) The levity effect: why it pays to lighten up. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons. Miller, F. H., Choi, M. J., Angeli, L. L., Harland, A. A., Stamos, J. A., Thomas, S. T., . . . Rubin, L. H. (2009). Web site usability for the blind and low­vision user. Technical Communication 57, 323­335.

How to refer to a chapter of an edited book Shinn, M. R. (2005) Identifying and validating academic problems in a problem­solving model. In R. Brown­Chidsey (Ed.), Assessment for intervention : a problem­solving approach (pp. 320 – 329). New York : Guilford Press.

How to refer to a publication cited in another publication (secondary referencing) Hyde states ‘New Zealand is not a country of flat colours or facts… the knowing of it is a craft as well as an art” (as cited by Sandbrook, 2000, p. 118) Sandbrook, P. (2000). “Not easily put on paper”: Robyn Hyde’s The Godwits fly. Auckland: Auckland University Press.

How to refer to an encyclopedia or dictionary Regan, E.M. (2002). Early childhood education. In Today's Canadian encyclopedia (Vol. 8, pp. 663­669). Edmonton: Fender Publishers.


January 2010

How to make a reference to electronic resources When there is no author for a web page, the title moves to the first position of the reference entry:

Example: New child vaccine gets funding boost. (2001). Retrieved March 21, 2001, from http://news.ninemsn.com.au/health/story_13178.asp Barack Obama. (2009a, July 15). Launched American Graduation Initiative to help additional 5 mill. Americans graduate college by 2020: http://bit.ly/gcTX7 [Twitter post]. Retrieved from http://twitter.com/BarackObama/status/2651151366 Seton, E. T. (1911). The Arctic prairies: A canoe­journey of 2,000 miles in search of the caribou. New York, NY: C. Scribner's Sons. Retrieved from Project Gutenberg: http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/6818

Blog post: PZ Myers. (2007, January 22). The unfortunate prerequisites and consequences of partitioning your mind [Web log post]. Retrieved from http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2007/01/the_unfortunate_prequisites.php

Data set: Pew Hispanic Center. (2004). Changing channels and crisscrossing cultures: A survey of Latinos on the news media [Data file and code book]. Retrieved from http://pewhispanic.org/datasets/

Video blog post: Norton, R. (2006, November 4). How to train a cat to operate a light switch [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vja83KLQXZs

How to make an entry for audiovisual material Ward, J. (Producer), and Murray, S. (Writer and presenter). (n.d). Moving kids. [Videorecording]. Wellington: Wellington College of Education Television Production Unit. Evans, J. (Creator), Holm, I. (Narrator), Marshall, J. & Stewart, D. (Producer/Director). (2002). How to build a human. [DVD]. London: BBC. Downes, D. (1997). Death defying. [Compact disc]. Wellington: Gumption Music Producers. Lang, k.d. (2008). Shadow and the frame. On Watershed [CD]. New York, NY: Nonesuch Records. (In­text citations, include side and band or track numbers: “Shadow and the Frame” (lang, 2008, track 10).


January 2010

How to make an entry for an image If known, the medium of the image should be placed in brackets as shown above, and the collection which owns the image included in your citation along with its location. (PDF available on citing images.) Rousseau, H. (1896). The ship in the storm [Painting]. Musee de l'Orangerie, Paris. Retrieved from Oxford Art Online database. Rousseau, H. (1896). The ship in the storm [Painting]. Musee de l'Orangerie, Paris. Henri Rousseau: Jungles in Paris. By Claire Fresches et al. Washington, DC: National Gallery of Art. 232.

Untitled Image: Create a brief title for it and place it in brackets, unitalicized Muybridge, E. [Photograph of a horse running]. (1887). National Gallery, London. Retrieved from Academic Search Complete database. [Photographs of Robert M. Yerkes]. (ca. 1917--1954). Robert Mearns Yerkes Papers (Box 137, Folder 2292), Manuscripts and Archives, Yale University Library, New Haven, CT.

How to make an entry for something you have heard in a lecture, seminar, interview or conversation When citing online lecture notes, be sure to provide the file format in brackets after the lecture title (e.g. PowerPoint slides, Word document). Hallam, A. Duality in consumer theory [PDF document]. Retrieved from Lecture Notes Online Web site: http://www.econ.iastate.edu/classes/econ501/Hallam/ index.html Roberts, K. F. (1998). Federal regulations of chemicals in the environment [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from http://siri.uvm.edu/ppt/40hrenv/index.html


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