LIVE WORDS
writing in general
types of writing narrative Expository
persuasive : attempts to convince the reader to accept a particular point of view
myths of writing 1. writing is also a not creative process use design as an approach for associating, collecting, processing and creating your LIVE WORDS 2. structure is not the basis of writing always start with a structured question -> so you can develop towards an answer
pitfalls unclear in aims and objectives lack of motivation -> so chose something that interests you not enough pre-knowledge continuously changing the topic can’t find any literature -> see the librarians! no structure -> always create outline no inspiration ? DON’T wait too long for that magic first word DON’T wait : just start
writing is like design pre production = explorative
production = generative
post production = evaluative
writing orientation information retrieval articulate focus
writing research + writing rewriting
writing finalization+completion
Annotated Bibliography Abstract
+
writing research + writing rewriting
rewriting ALWAYS! always refer back to your compelling question / your theory be critical have others proof-read it be also a designer!! communicate also through design
finalization+completion check introduction & conclusion again check spelling and grammar create front-page [title, name, date, course/year] and index referencing
research
the annotated bibliography
+ why? + provides an overview of the key texts in a topic area + helps you narrow and refine your topic + helps you identify and develop your argument + helps you prepare for writing
+ how? + spend some time searching relevant databases + spend some time in the library—browse the shelves + google books, google scholar + JSTOR
mapping the territory
the annotated bibliography
+ choose broadly but wisely + multiple perspectives/methodologies are good + make sure the scope is relevant (don‘t use ‗fillers‘) + primary texts are good, out of date studies aren‘t + if you find a great source – check for a bibliography + as your knowledge of the topic grows –refine
+ information gathering + scan the table of contents and the introduction + if it looks worthwhile, read a chapter or two
mapping the territory
the annotated bibliography
+ the annotation + browse through the full text + identify the author‘s principle argument and methodology + look at book reviews (if a book) – very helpful
+ be concise but specific + give a brief summary of author‘s principle argument + illustrate how it is relevant to your study + 75 -150 words is ideal
mapping the territory
the annotated bibliography
+ example [an annotation]: Benyus, Janine M. Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by Nature. New York: Morrow, 1997. In Biomimicry Janine Benyus sets out the principle tenets of a design methodology rooted in the scientific study of nature. Benyus argues that the study of natural systems, infrastructures, and solutions offers designers models and strategies that can coexist harmoniously with nature, rather than dominating and exploiting it. In the first seven chapters, Benyus establishes the theoretical and ethical background for her argument, as well as a series of examples of biomimicry at work in science and design. In the final chapter, which addresses industrial ecology, Benyus outlines "ten lessons" that an ecologically aware company, culture, or economy should practice, and argues that in following these lessons we will establish a healthier, more symbiotic relationship with our natural environment.
mapping the territory
the annotated bibliography
+ example [an annotation]: Iversen, William. ―Home Lighting.‖ Holiday (May, 1960): 177- 182. Holiday¸ a popular American magazine, published an article based on an interview with lighting designer Richard Kelly discussing the state of contemporary residential lighting design. Surprisingly, Iversen makes many of the same arguments as those in ―Conditioned Lighting‖ in House and Garden from 1937—indicating a resistance in the popular market to the ideas being promoted by these popular home journals. The emphasis in this article however, is less on the emotive potential of artificial lighting design and more on the notion that lighting design is an essential aspect of the art of home decoration. Iversen writes, ―We now approach an era in which home illumination is beginning to emerge as a major decorative art.‖ Furthermore he suggests that proper attention to the design of electric lighting can transform an ordinary apartment by creating ―an atmosphere as scintillating as the candlelit courts and salons of eighteenthcentury Europe.‖ He also reminds readers that they need not spend a fortune to create these effects, that there are numerous lighting options ―available for every budget.‖ He concludes his overview with a reminder to his readers that it is indeed possible to ―Live Better Electrically.‖
mapping the territory
analysis
brainstorming
the abstract
+ offers an original and compelling question + provides an introduction to your topic + provides a summary of the scope of your investigation + outlines the aims of your study // investigation
simplify [be specific]
the abstract [+ thesis statement]
+ have a unique point of view + an argument is an opinion [not a fact] + collect evidence to convince your reader [images, objects, ideas, precedent]
simplify [be specific]
refining your argument [thesis statement]
+ e.g. an argument [thesis statement] ―In this essay I will argue that in the latter 1930s streamlining was applied to a variety of objects to express a sense of speed and innovation, which often had more to do with a hopefulness about the future than actual design improvements.‖
simplify [be specific]
refining your argument [thesis statement]
+ the breakdown › what+when: streamlining, 1930s › why: to express speed, innovation, and sense of the future › twist [argument/thesis]: not about design innovation, but optimism
simplify [be specific]
What are you writing about? What do you want to tell them?
Start your writing with the idea that you find most exciting And easiest to write about. Build your essay from there. You do not need to start with the first sentence. Like designing, it is a construct of parts and elements, writing is also a fluid construction of ideas – well defended - into the whole. Give your essay to someone else to read, critique and to proof it.
outline
introduction
paragraphs
conclusion
What did you write about? What did you want to tell them? How did you conclude your intent - your theory? Did you sufficiently defend and present your hypothesis?
http://www.victoria.ac.nz/st_services/slss/studyhub/assignment.aspx
use student services if required.
+ references
ACADEMIC INTEGRITY AND PLAGIARISM Academic integrity means that University staff and students, in their teaching and learning are expected to treat others honestly, fairly and with respect at all times. It is not acceptable to m istreat academic, intellectual or creative work that has been done by ot her people by representing it a s your own original work. Academic integrity is important b ecause it is the core value in which t he University’s learning, teaching and research activities are based. Victoria University’s reputa tion for a cademic integrity adds value to you r qualification. The University defines plagiarism as presenting someone else’s work as if i t were your own, whether you mean to or no t. ‘Someone else’s work’ m eans anything that is not your o wn idea. Even if it is presented in your own style, you must acknowledge your sources fully and approp riately. This includes: · · · · · ·
Material from book s, journ als or any other printed source The work of other student s or students or staff Information from the internet Software programs and other electronic material Designs and ideas The organization or structuring of any such m aterial
Find out m ore about plagiarism, how to avoid it and penalties, on the University’s website: www.victoria.ac.nz/hone/studying/plagiarism.html
USE OF TURNITIN Student work p rovided for assessment in this course may be checked for academic integrity by the electronic search engine http:/ /www.turnitin.com. Turnitin is an o nline plagiarism prevention tool which compares submitted work with a very large database of existing material. At the discretion of the H ead of School, handwritten work may be copy-typed by th e School and subject to c hecking by Turnitin. Turnitin will retain a copy of submitted material on b ehalf of the University for d etection of future plagiarism, but access to the full text of submissions is not made available to any other party.
requirements final hand-in date october 31th due: hard copy in box outside reception (remember reception closes at 5pm.) any hard copy not in the box = E (and a course failure) due: minimum of 2 references per page from primary sources. due: written texte single or 1.5 line spacing due: re-written abstract due: 3000 words (+ correct APA Style referencing). consider the layout and design of your essay presentation. due: digital copy in your R drive hand-in folder
5
PM
building a convincing argument
+ a convincing argument needs ―proof‖ + readers expect to be convinced with MORE than opinions + the better your evidence, the better [and more interesting your paper] will be
simplify [be specific]
APA style http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/02/
maximise your resources
bibliographic citations in APA style http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/02/
Aitkens, S; Jackson, W.R., & Green, B. T. (2001). Perceptions of reality: Virtual versus ‗real‘. Adolescence 103 (2): 159163. Chen, P.Y. (2007, May 15). Unlimited potential for online capacity. Dominion Post, p. B4. Erricsen, P. (2006). Surfing the net. In D. Faber (ed.). Trends in twentieth century youth culture (4551), Oxford: Oxford University Press. Holby, G.A. (1999). Caught in the worldwideweb. New York, NY: Wheatsheaf. Samson, A.J. (2004). Teaching online. Retrieved July 11, 2007, from http://www.educationdebate.com. Shaw, P. & Reid, W.D. (2000). In a world of their own? A survey of 1,000 US college students‘ online gaming patterns. Cyberworld 23 (2): 6671. Williams, C.R. Jackson, P, Howell, A.S. & Brown, D. (Eds.) (2003). Accounting through the ages. London: McMillan
maximise your resources
final reminders
+ be specific – as much as possible [always] + define all new terminology—introduce all new people + make sure your evidence supports/expands your argument + a simple, well-written, logical argument is always better than a complicated/confused claim
+ be critical: do you understand and believe your argument and evidence?
maximise your resources
infinite senses + pandora collective
think less is more.
evolve or die
LPG + Be Fuck’n Emotional
playtime
G.I.C.