dd m2

Digital Design - Module 02 Semester 1, 2019 Daimeng WANG

(852552) Junhan Foong + Studio 07

Critical Reading: Kolerevic B. 2003. Architecture in the Digital Age

Kolerevic described three fundamental types of fabrication techniques in the reading. Outline the three techniques and discuss the potential of Computer Numeric Controlled fabrication with parametric modelling. (150 words max)

The three fundamental type of fabrication techniques described by Kolerevic are subtractive, additive and formative.

1. Additive - involves adding materials layer by layer, builds up a digitally defined form in layers. Its digital model is slide into 2-dimentional layers. Eg. 3D printing rely on computers voxelise geometry.

2. Subtractive - involves the removal of a particular volume of material form solids. The machines with different number of axis allows creating complex jobs and control the position of the cutting tool, providing flexibility of production. Eg. Laser cutting that control the laser by using the computer to etch the material in a single plane.

3.Formative - it use the force, heat or restricting form created by machine to deconstruct the material into desirable form. Eg. CNC bending that using force to manipulate materials.

CNC( computer numeric controlled) - it is very useful for modelling parametric deisgns. it in cludes practice of iterations; it creats models of parametrically defined forms in automated, accurate and less-expensive ways. It enables a faster production since the 3D cutting task can be accompolished in a single set of prompts.

2

SURFACE AND WAFFLE STRUCTURE Surface Creation

In grasshopper, use the exist two surfaces to create contour lines by command [decontruct brep]and[contour]. which are the base lines for x and Y fins.

Vertical the x fins and move “10“, use [loft] create the surface between two parallel lines. Then use [cull index] to select the necessary fins in both X and Z fins.

At the fin-fin intersection, create rectangle solid by using [Enwine] [extrude] which is used for trim the intersection part for ongoing model making.

3

For laser cutting layout, using [list length] in xyplane to create rectangular outer frame. [Brep edges can define the fins outline and better to laser cut. the [text tag]used to distinguish each part of the waffle structure.

The script started from creating one 150x150x150 cube by[boundary surface].

Then divided the edge of the box, and adjust the point selected on the curve to change the shape of the surface. [Loft] used for creating the two surfaces.

4

[surface domin number] used creating 25 grid on one surface. Offset particulardistance help ti build the geometry patterns on the surfaces. [Morph 3D] and [cull pattern] define the position of each one pattern. Changing the location of point attractor to move the direction of the patten. Weveair bird pictureframe used for creating the pattern. All the pattern baked should be meshed and then mesh to nurb for further unrolling,

5

iteration 1

iteration 2

6

iteration 3

SURFACE AND WAFFLE STRUCTURE Surface Creation

The first interation created at the top and bottom of the cube, both of them were as test surfaces and not good enough for generate waffle structure as the surfaces are too flat.

The second one interation was not ideally to create the waffle inside dueto the intersection of those planes. which would make error in lofting the contours to make the fins.

The third interation avoided the intersection but as there are only on point of each surface touch on the ground, it would be very difficult for them to stand stable.

The last one I choosed as the final model making surfaces. the surfaces’ edge follow the same flow to bend, the direction of the surface towards are similar. whcih means it would be easy to build the waffle structures and the whole model would be stable to stand on the ground. iteration 4

7

Isometric View

For better aesthetic of the skin, used [cull pattern] to distribute the 2d and 3d panel in parametric ways. The 2d could be regarded as the feather of the bird and the triangular panel as the cloud, which providing the sence of the birds fly through the clouds. Hollowed the 2d panel to create the dapped shadow for interior space

8

The waffle structure created by following the shape of the surface. even though the material is used a lot but it could ensure the whole structure are stable.

SURFACE AND WAFFLE STRUCTURE Laser Cutting

x6

x11

x8

x12

x5

x4

x9

x9 x8

x1

x1 x0

x2

x2

x3

x3

x4

x5

x2

x6

x4

x7

x3

x5

x8

x9

x7

x6

x4

x10

x7

x7

Both the 2d and 3d panels should be meshed at first and then meshtonurb for further unrolling. After unrolling the individual patterns, dupedge the surfaces to get the outline of the patterns.

The red lines are represent etch part and the black lines represent the cut part.

x1

remember to use pttabs for each laser cut panel which can help to stick them together. labelling the individual fins can help to recognize the position of the fins. Follow the outline shape to arrange the individual ones would save time and material for laser cutting.

Keep one or two edge lines to etch help to hold the fins on the mountboard, which dont need stick on the board for fixing.

9

2D panel creates dappled shade for interior, collabrited with the closed prymid geometry provide the veriaty of the shaow.

The attractor point is almost at the middle of one surface which allow the 3D panel close to the structue smoothly.

3D panel in one grid creates by 4 tiny prymids as creating shadow area and block the visual sight from outside. The direction it towards

Change the direction of the hollow pattern to creates fun light shadow

following the attractor point movement.

Relative slim openning creates the visual separation between interior and exterior space. The direction towards west allow the sunsetlight through the interior space.

10

SURFACE AND WAFFLE STRUCTURE Matrix and Possibilities

Lofts

1.1

{105,150,150}

{120,150,150}

1.2

1.3

{75,150,150}

{0,0150}

{90,150,150}

{150,60,150}

{90,0,150}

{150,150,90}

{0,150,30}

{0,0,105}

{150,105,150} {150,150,90}

Key

{0,150,150}

1.4

{0,150,150}

{90,150,150}

{0,0,150}

{90,0,150}

{0,150,45}

{150,150,75} {0,0,0}

{150,0,120}

{0,0,0}

{150,0,75}

{Index Selection} {Loft1(7,5,9,3)}

{Index Selection} {Loft1(8,7,9,5)}

{Loft2(0,8,1,9)}

Paneling Grid & Attractor Point

2.1

{0,90,0}

{150,75,0}

{105,0,0}

{Loft2(4,10,6,8)}

2.2

{86,225,0}

{Index Selection} {Loft1(5,4,9,2)&(5,10,0,3)}

{Loft2(4,10,6,8)}

{Loft2(0,5,1,9)&(7,4,3,5)}

2.3

{66,24,62}

{150,105,0}

{45,0,0}

{Index Selection} {Loft1(3,4,9,11)}

2.4 {36,141,106}

{110,101,146}

{174,79,48}

{79,18,41}

{175,142,24}

{261,113,36}

Paneling

{Attractor Point Location}

{Attractor Point Location}

{Attractor Point Location}

{Attractor Point Location}

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4 {36,141,106} +

{261,113,36} +

In these process, different tried interation are list here. the eage point defined the surfaces. I tried diferent geometries like Trapezoid solid and squre hollowd patterns to look the whole pavillion more stable; tried the different size of the triangle solid connected togather to provide a sence of high and low.

11

Attractor / Control Points (X,Y,Z) Grid Points

{150,150,75}

{0,0,105}

{0,0,0}

Attractor / Control Curves

{75,0,150}

12

SURFACE AND WAFFLE STRUCTURE Photography of Model

In this model, the two surfaces toward the same direction and the structure follow the flow of the surface to support the the whole model.

2d and 3d patterns are comnined together in different distribution to provide dapped shadows which attract people to pass through. the opening of the waffle strucure are in different size, one is slim, lprovide sunset light for inteior and another one is large, whcih meet the crowd and lead circulation pass the interior. the solid panel on surface difined the inner and outer space of this pavillion.

13

Visual Scripting of Parametric Model

In grasshopper, it started in creating on 150x150x150 boudary box. And then use[surface domin number] to generate lines and grid. create the origianl grid of 3x3. Adding attractor point or curve attractor to control the grid points.

Using [construct domin] [remap numbers] to control the size and the distribution of the geometry. Set the [scale] and [rotation] command help to rotate the individual geometry for further interesting boolean result.

14

Using [construct domin] [remap numbers] to build the center box across through the torus surface which provide the intersection of those part, help to connect the space together.

15

SOLID AND VOID Surface Creation

Comment on the process of creating the visual script and its outcome, why do you choose to capture these result? What is of interest to you? (Max 100 words)

16

Comment on the process of creating the visual script and its outcome, why do you choose to capture these result? What is of interest to you? (Max 100 words)

17

Comment on the process of creating the visual script and its outcome, why do you choose to capture these result? What is of interest to you? (Max 100 words)

18

Comment on the process of creating the visual script and its outcome, why do you choose to capture these result? What is of interest to you? (Max 100 words)

19

SOLID AND VOID Isometric view

Using planonic octahedron geometry as boolean difference with the block. Roof top was hollowed for sunlight pass through

roof top allow the sunligh pass through inside area.

Polygonal arch creat entrance for people pass through

The remaining parts support the whole building as pillars

small scale hollow for visual sight between interior and exterior

The geometry was rotated so that made the facade more interesting

Space would be more efficiency due to the Space interspersing.

As the position of the geometry is different, the boolean difference part of the hollow would be different in size.

20

Grid Manipulation

1.2

1.3

1.4 {9,50,235}

Key {0,0,0}

Attractor / Control Points (X,Y,Z) Attractor / Control Curves

{213,132,97}

Grid Points

{178,127,216}

{81,18,99} {164,168,14}

{140,65,90}

Geometry distribution Boolean geometry

{Point Attractor}

{Point Attractor}

{Point Attractor}

{Curve Attractor}

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

{Platonic Octahedron, rotation}

{Platonic Dodecahedron & Weaverbird’s Mesh Prymid}

{Sphere & center box, Cull pattern}

{ Torus surface & center box}

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

21

SOLID AND VOID Matrix and Possibilities

Boolean study area

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

Key {0,0,0}

Attractor / Control Points (X,Y,Z) Attractor / Control Curves Grid Points

{Study Area position}

{Study Area position}

{Study Area position}

{Study Area position}

Boolean intersection

5.2

5.1

5.3

5.4

{Study Area intersection}

{Study Area intersection}

{Study Area intersection}

{Study Area intersection}

Task B Matrix Comment on the choices you have made while iterating on task B. Which versions you chose to develop and why? (Max 50 words)

22

MODEL1

MODEL1

23

MODEL2

MODEL2

24

MODEL3

MODE3

25

SOLID AND VOID

Photography of Model

MODEL4

In this model, it could be regarded as there different functional space. the first one could be used as tent which provide semi-public space for people. the second one provide a stronge sence of large building entrance that crowd could pass through those empty space. the third one is as a study area and also a half-enclosure pavilion for people to sit and have a rest.

26

Appendix Process

27

Appendix

Process

28

29