Kavala

Project funded by the EUROPEAN UNION

KAVALA outside the walls A WALK IN THE CITY KAVALA 2015

From the Old City to the City outside the Walls

Common borders. Common solutions.

Acropolis - Walls

Medieval aqueduct (Kamares)

A veritable book of the city’s history, the walls maintain the same outline of its original construction phase of the 7th century B.C. Today, interventions in Late Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman period can be traced. During the 1530s the walls were extended to include the district of the port. The length of the sea walls reaches 1338m. and the height ranges from 6.30 up to 11m. On the top of the rock the Byzantine and Ottoman citadel was founded, probably at the same position as the ancient citadel. In the 16th century an outer defensive perimeter was added, reinforced with bastions. Communication with the countryside and the port was possible through three gates and an inside gate was used to communicate with the citadel. Today’s municipal symbol still shows the character of the city, a fortified port on the north Aegean coast.

The aqueduct was constructed or renovated fundamentally in the early 16th century and is probably built on the remains of a Roman and a Byzantine aqueduct. The project was funded by Pargali Ibrahim Pasha, Grand Vizier of Suleiman the Magnificent and forms part of the city’s revitalization program. It is made of local granite stones and bricks.

It reaches a length of 280m. and a height of 25m. in the centre, making it the largest and most beautiful aqueduct of that period, a real panorama of arches. The water, from the source called “Mana Nerou” (mother of the water) followed a route with a length of 6.5km, passing over five bridges, to get to the aqueduct, through which the public fountains of the peninsula of Panagia were supplied with water. The southern part was renovated in the early 19th century, and financed

by Mohammed Ali, Pasha of Egypt. The aqueduct continued to serve the needs of the peninsula of Panagia until the first decades of the 20th century, when it was replaced by the new water supply system.

KAVALA outside the walls 2

3

Municipal Tobacco Warehouse, Tobacco Workers Square Town Hall / Wix Mansion The building in its architectural form imitates old towers of Hungary, with neo-Gothic. It was built in the late 1890s and was the property of the Hungarian tobacco trader Pierre Herzog. The building has housed the City Hall of Kavala since 1937. Quite distinctive are the six spots at the facade where there are decorative figures-crests.

Probably constructed in the first decade of the 1900s, the building served as a tobacco warehouse for the Islamized Jewish (DĹ‘nmeh) tobacco trader Emin Chiesi, who had his firm headquarters in Thessaloniki. It features characteristics of Î&#x;ttoman neo-classicism with strong influences of European architecture. It is suggested that it was designed by one of the most talented architects of the era, such as Elie Modiano, who built the Customs Office of Thessaloniki, or A. Grecos, the architect of the Great Club of Kavala. The interior has been maintained in its original condition. After its renovation, it will accommodate the collections of the Municipality of Kavala.

KAVALA outside the walls 4

5

The Tobacco Museum

Tobacco Warehouses Schinazzi

The building belonged to the National Tobacco Organization and hosts the exhibition on the ground floor. It includes material of several types (documents, machinery, tools), provided by the Association of Tobacco Workers of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, as well as by well known tobacco merchant families of Kavala. The exhibition opened for the first time in 2003. It is divided in seven thematic sections and presents the whole tobacco production process, its standardization and the history of people involved in these processes (tobacco traders, tobacco workers, farmers etc.). Digitized material is presented and tobacco samples are on display so that the visitor can have a full picture. Finally, the museum preserves a rich archival material from various specialists/collectors, who donated their own collections in order to enrich the museum’s collection.

It is considered as one of the most comprehensive tobacco museums in Europe.

The complex consists of three tobacco warehouses, five compartments and the administration offices of the firm. They were probably built by William Burnet Tuthill, the architect who built the firm’s offices in New York. They were technologically advanced structures (avant-garde) with some elements of Art Deco. They were used until the Second World War as tobacco storage and processing warehouses. After the end of the Second World War, and the liberation of the city, the buildings housed UNRA (Humanitarian Aid for Greece).

83 & 85 Venizelou Street Buildings

Archaeological Museum of Kavala

Probably the first residences that were built after 1864, when the Christian community of the city was allowed to build residences outside the fortified area of the Panagia peninsula. The first one was the property of Grigoriades Bros, a building that acquired its final form after the additions made by the end of the First World War, in order to be used as a Bank, until the late 1960s. The neoclassical elements can be seen in the outer structure and the decoration. Some later additions to the original building are easily seen, but are not in keeping with the rest of the construction.

Today the building houses the Municipal Conservatory of Kavala. The second residence is the sole specimen of Rococo architecture in the city of Kavala. Its current structure is a result of additions, which were probably made soon after 1920. Both buildings form an interesting ensemble, which gives an indicative insight of the street’s view up to the 1960s, when all remaining similar houses were demolished.

The archaeological Museum of Kavala was founded in 1934. Until then it had been housed in a building that today no longer exists, in the district of Faliro, near its current location. The current building was built in 19631964, based on original designs by the architect D. Fatouros and is a typical example of Greek modernism. At the end of 2000, the extension of the museum was completed with the addition of a new wing, designed by the same architect. Initially, the museum had a regional role and housed antiquities from the wider area of Eastern Macedonia. Today, the objects on display illustrate the history of the city, up to the 19th century. There is also a supplementary gallery that houses several objects on display from the ancient city of Amphipolis. The archaeological Museum is in addition, a suitable venue for periodic exhibitions and music events.

KAVALA outside the walls 6

7

European Centre for Byzantine and Post-Byzantine Monuments Stratou 2 Avenue, 546 40 Thessaloniki • Greece tel: 0030 2310 889830 • fax: 0030 2310 853078 • info@ekbmm.gr • www.ekbmm.gr

Istanbul University - Faculty of Letters - Department of Conservation of Marine Archaeological Objects Ordu C. 34459 Laleli, Istanbul • Turkey tel: 0090 212 4555700 / 15743 • ufukk@istanbul.edu.tr • www.istanbul.edu.tr

Municipality of Kavala Kyprou 10 • 65403 Kavala • Greece tel. 0032513500189 • fax: 00302513500189 • limen@dkavalas.gr

Museum for National History and Archaeology from Constanta Piata Ovidiu, nr 12 9000745 Constanta • Romania tel: 0040 743043585 • fax: 0040 241618763 • archmus@minac.ro • http://www.minac.ro

Odessa City Council, Department of Culture and Tourism Ekaterinskaya 14 • 65026 Odessa • Ukraine tel. 00380487253387 • fax: 00380487238473 • 7252424@ukr.net

G. Chubinashvili National Research Centre for Georgian Art History and Heritage Preservation 5 Tabukashvili st. 0105 Tbilisi • Georgia tel: 00995 32931338 • fax: 00995 32932248 • research@gch-centre.ge

Municipality of Varna Osmi Primorski polk, 43 Blvd • 9000 Varna • Bulgaria tel. 0035952659125 • fax: 0035952659225 • stanislava.genkova@gmail.com • mkulikov@varna.bg

Koc University Rumeli Feneri Yolu • 34450 Sariyer Istanbul • Turkey tel. 00902123381293 • fax: 00902123381205 • aricci@ku.edu.tr

Published by: The Municipality of Kavala Project Co-ordination: Menelaos Chatziapostolidis Co-ordination of the publication: Support Structure for Organisations of Social Economy and Entrepreneurship Graphic Editing by: DIONIKOS Graphic Design by: Maria Karamolegkou Text and editing by: Dialektos-Dimitrios Mengidis, Archaeologist MSc Translation by: Dialektos-Dimitrios Mengidis, Archaeologist MSc, Michalis Lychounas Translation editing by: Anastasia Kaleadou Photographic Acknowledgments: Michalis Lychounas, Dimofelia /Achileas Savvopoulos, Nikos Dessylas

Cultural Ports from the Aegean to the Black Sea www.limenproject.net

This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The content of this publication is the sole responsibility of the Municipality of Kavala and can in no way reflect the views of the European Union.