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Almost one in 10 Canadians poor: StatsCan (Page 2)
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Almost one in 10 Canadians poor: StatsCan Diversity Reporter Wire Service OTTAWA—The recession stopped progress on poverty in its tracks, according to new data from Statistics Canada that indicates almost one in 10 Canadians is considered poor. In its first detailed, national picture of what happened to income in Canada during the recession, the agency says the poverty rate edged up in 2009 to 9.6 per cent — the second straight year that poverty has grown after more than a decade of steady declines. About 3.2 million people now live in low income, including 634,000 children. Indeed, children were vulnerable during the recession, with their poverty rate rising to 9.5 per cent in 2009 from 9.0 per cent a year earlier. But the picture of the recession is one of stagnation rather than complete catastrophe. The median aftertax income for Canadian families was $63,800 in 2009 — about the same as a year earlier.
In the past, recessions have deepened poverty in Canada for years, and exacerbated the gap between rich and poor. Many analysts feared the pattern was repeating itself. So far, that doesn’t seem to be the case. While the national poverty picture isn’t pretty, the number of people in the top, middle and bottom echelons of income in Canada remained fairly steady as the recession took hold. About 55 per cent of Canadians
benefitted from an increase in their after-tax income in 2009, while 45 per cent suffered a decline. Before the recession, in 2007, income rose for 58 per cent and declined for 42 per cent. Poverty among seniors fell in 2009, to 5.2 per cent from 5.8 per cent in 2008. Seniors have the low-
est incidence of poverty of all the demographics, according to the main Statistics Canada measure of poverty, called the low-income cut-off. And single mothers have also shown remarkable improvement. While poverty is still high for single moms, at 21.5 per cent, that’s an improvement from the 23.4 per cent in 2008, and a continuation of the steady declines noted since 2002. Now, about 22 per cent children living with a single mother were considered poor, compared with a troubling 56 per cent in 1996. StatsCan has not explored why, but other analysts point to the advent of government programs and benefits for children over the past decade, as well as a growing number of women in the workforce, and tougher enforcement of rules for support payments from fathers. Regionally, the East was poorer than the West, but the West was bitten by the recession all the same. Poverty jumped in Manitoba, rose slightly in Saskatchewan, and soared in Alberta — to 10 per cent in 2009 from about six per cent in 2008.
India’s Food Failures Continued from page 11. The first element of the strategy is geared towards invigorating the relatively neglected farm sector in eastern India through Rs400 crore ($88.9 million) worth of funding for the region. A further Rs300 crore ($66.7 million) has been provided to organise 60,000 “pulses and oilseed villages” in rainfed areas and for water harvesting, watershed management and soil health to enhance the productivity of dry land farming areas. Claiming that an equivalent allocation last year has already paid rich dividends, the government expects a record production of 16.5 million tonnes of pulses this year as against 14.7 million tonnes last year. The third element of the strategy relates to improving farm credit availability by raising agriculture credit target for banks to Rs475,000 crore ($105.6 billion) for 2011-12. Apart from the seven per cent interest subvention scheme of providing short term crop loans to farmers, an additional subvention of 3 per cent has been proposed for 2011-12. The fourth element of the strategy, which seeks to stimulate the food processing sector by providing streamlined infrastructure, proposes 15 more mega food park projects in addition to the 15 already set up and 131 cold storage projects with a combined capacity of 640,000 tonnes. For improving the productivity and market linkage of vegetables, Rs300 crore ($66.7 million) has been granted for establishing an efficient supply chain to provide quality vegetables at competitive prices. For long has the country borne the burden of hunger and malnutrition, concedes the Finance minister. The National Food Security Bill that the country is close to enacting will entitle upto 70 per cent of the population to subsidised foodgrains. At present, each of the 65.2 million families identified as below poverty line is provided 35 kg of foodgrains through ration shops. Wheat is provided at Rs4.15 per kg and rice, at Rs5.65. The proposed legislation now fixes the quantum at 25 kg of foodgrains per month, but at a reduced cost: to Rs2 per kg for wheat and Rs3 a kg for rice. This massive effort will require about 60 million tonnes of foodgrains. These are credible steps towards food security for the people of India. The government will need to have the will to see them through. ts 4 percent annual growth by augmenting production, reducing wastage of produce, expanding credit support to farmers and boosting the food processing sector. A National Food Security Bill that the country is close to enacting will entitle up to 70 percent of the population to subsidized foodgrains, a massive effort that will require about 60 million tonnes of foodgrains. “These are credible steps toward food security for the people of India,” writes Bana. “The government will need to have the will to see them through.”
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June 16, 2011
Editorial Top 10 Ways to Recognize and Motivate your Diverse Telecommute Workforce BY ROY SAUNDERSON Most companies have been growing their telecommuter and virtual staff over the years. With the accepted business practices across social networking, IM, webinars, Skype, and other online tools, virtual teams have grown. And, now, with the unprecedented high gas prices, being able to attract and retain talented and diverse workers, companies find themselves expanding these programs. Shama Kabani, President of The Marketing Zen Group believes companies will get more from their workers when they permit telecommuting part or full-time. Launching her social media marketing 2 years ago, she now has 27 full-time virtual employees across the globe and says out of site should never mean out of mind. Below are Shama Kabani’s top 10 tips on how to recognize and keep your remote workers motivated daily, weekly and monthly. 1. Weekly Recognition. Whether you have a weekly conference call or a companywide email announcement, make sure you recognize an Employee (or Department) of the Week. This gives your employees continuous recognition and specifics to strive for. Your managers will have a built-in program to praise exemplary work and be able to share specific examples with the entire group. 2. Monthly Face to Face. Gather your locals together when convenient and the others via Skype but face to face in-person or virtually will give your remote workers a tremendous boost! Invite the team in once per month for a face-to-face meeting. Depending on your time zones you may have to split in 2 or 3 monthly events but the ROI will make it worth it (even if you are a little sleepy!!) 3. Chat vs. Team Building. Small talk
and getting caught up will become gratuitous. Instead, have focused brainstorming and exchange of ideas. You can team build virtually, so do it on your monthly calls! Challenge courses, bonding activities, and group time in general will bring individuals together, giving them a feel for who they are working with and building trust within the work community. 4. Daily Updates via Skype. Try to incorporate a daily or every other day check-in via Skype as a daily communication tool. Establish a friendly, trusting space where group members can chat to share exciting updates for both work-related and personal items. 5. Birthday Celebrations. Shama Kabani reminds us that since virtual companies can’t do employee birthdays with the cake and song, so recognize employees by giving them their birthday (or another day that month) as a paid day off. 6. Atta Boy all the way. Being virtual isn’t a gift; it is a work style for productive professionals. Don’t confuse working from home as a being paid to stay home. Whether by phone, Skype, email, or tweet, thank your employees and teams as things happen, ideas are proposed, and deliverables are executed. A simple “Great job with that proposal” can make all the difference in the world! 7. Handwritten Thank You Notes. In a world of links, status updates, posts and tweets, receiving an old-fashioned handwritten note is refreshing and has the potential to boost your diverse workforce morale. 8. Know each culture of your workers. Having a diverse and multi-national workforce is wonderful but it also means different customs, traditions and holidays. If there is a death in an employee’s family, sending flowers for one culture may be inappropriate for another. Same goes for births, children coming of age, and holiday celebrations. Learn what to do before
you do it. 9. Know what holidays your employees celebrate. They are called “holy days” for a reason so keep a calendar with every holiday and the employee name next to it to keep track. Never schedule meetings on those days that require fullcompany attendance or, if you do, never expect those employees to show up. 10. Plan regular telephone calls. Shama Kabani knows that being a remote worker has the blessing of undistracted focused work time. However, the lack of connection with others can take its toll. Make time to connect by phone on a regular basis to first see how the worker is doing personally and then to address work-related matters. For more information on The Marketing Zen Group, visit www.marketingzen. com.
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Pinoy Corner
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Filipino teen declared world’s shortest man J
unrey Balawing, from a remote town in the southern Philippines, stands just under two feel tall and has been officially declared the World’s Shortest Man by Guinness World Records. Balawing, who just turned 18, is 23.5 inches tall, succeeding previous title holder Khagendra Thapa Magar from Nepal, who is 26 inches tall. A team from Guinness World Records made the announcement in the remote town of Sindangan, where Balawing lives, on his 18th birthday on Sunday. Claimants for the title must be at least 18 years old. “We are happy on this day. We are proud of Junrey,” his mother Concepcion said. The Guinness team, led by Guinness World Records editor-in-chief Craig Glenday, measured Balawing both vertically and horizontally before declaring him the world’s shortest man and handing him a certificate. Balawing’s father said his son, the oldest of four children, stopped growing in his first year. His speech is also stunted
and his conversations are limited to short phrases. Balawing mostly stays at home, needing assistance to move around. His condition has prevented him from attending school. While the award does not come with a cash prize, Glenday said the team hopes that publicising Balawing’s case will draw the attention of medical experts who may be able to help him. Local medical practitioners have not been able to explain his growth disorder. “The previous record holder had been given medical care... He even had free surgery provided by the U.S.A. So there are benefits to being a record holder,” Glenday said. “We feel for him because of his size. Obviously, being that size, it’s quite a compromised life. We hope that by publicising his case, medical practitioners will pay attention.” A smiling Balawing celebrated his 18th birthday with balloons and a cake.
UNESCO Artists for Peace Performs in Victoria The Philippine Bayanihan Cultural and Housing Society is proud to present Asia’s multi-awarded and world renowned choral group, the University of the Philippines Madrigal Singers (“Madz”). The choir is the most awarded and acclaimed choir in Asia having consistently won prizes in the most prestigious choral competitions for many years: Arezzo and Gorizia in Italy, Marktoberdorf in Germany, Spittal in Austria, Neuchatel in Switzerland, Tours in France, Varna in Bulgaria, Debrecen in Hungary, Cantonigros and Torrevieja in Spain. They hold the distinction of being the first choir
in the world to win the European Grand Prix of Choral Singing twice (1997 and 2007). The group was honoured by the UNESCO as Artists For Peace in 2009 for putting their fame and influence at the service of UNESCO’s ideals and efforts to promote cultural diversity, intercultural dialogue and a culture of peace. Similarly, in 2010, the group was honoured with the Guidoneum Award by the Concorso Polifonico Guido d’ Arezzo Foundation for their artistic and choral promotional activities. Their performance in Victoria is part of their April to October 2011 North
and South American Tour. The group is slated to perform in the 9th World Symposium on Choral Music in Puerto Madryn, Argentina from August 7 – 11, 2011. The ensemble performs a wide repertoire of various styles and forms : renaissance music, classical music, Filipino and international folksongs, contemporary and avantgarde music, opera and even popular music. Their specialization and focus on the madrigal idiom has inspired their unique set-up of singing, while seated in a semi-circle, without a conductor. The ensemble’s website is www.phil-
ippinemadrigalsingers.com; follow them on Facebook at www.facebook. com/upmadz. Tickets are available by telephone to Lorina Miklenic at 250-514-4426, by email to bayanihancc@shaw.ca or from the following outlets: • Bayanihan Community Centre at 1709 Blanshard St. lunch time Sundays.. • Filipino Food Mart, 2008 Douglas Street, Victoria • Mama Rosie’s Kitchen, 10153 Resthaven Drive, Sidney (beside Queens Grocery) • Philippine Oriental Variety Store, 4-3185 Quadra Street, Victoria
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√À-√Í≈‡≈ Ó∂≈ ÁØ√ «Í¡≈≈ «√ßÿ ‘∞‰∂ «‹‘∂ ◊Ω«Ó߇ ’≈Ò‹ ◊∞Á≈√Í∞Ø∫ Ò≈«¬Ï∂∆¡È Á∂ ¡‘∞Á∂ ÂØ∫ «‡≈«¬ ‘Ø«¬¡≈ ‘À¢ «¬È∑ª ◊Ó∆¡ª “⁄ ¡√ª Í‘≈Ûª Á∆ Ô≈Â≈ ¿∞‘Á∂ Â∂ ¿∞‘Á∆ ÍÂÈ∆ √ÚÈ ’Ω , «‹‘ȱ ß ¿∞ ‘ «Í¡≈ È≈Ò √ÚÈ∆ ’«‘ßÁ≈ ‘À, È≈Ò ’∆Â∆¢ «Í¡≈≈ «√ß ÿ ‹ÁØ ∫ ’≈Ò‹ “⁄ √∆ ª ¿∞ ‘ Á∂ Ï≈∂ «Ú«Á¡≈Ê∆¡ª “⁄ «¬’ ÁßÁ’Ê≈ ÓÙ‘± √∆: Ì ◊Ó∆¡ª Á∂ «ÁÈ È∂ «’ “⁄≈È’ √Ú∂∂ ¡≈√Ó≈È “⁄ ’≈Ò∂ ϵÁÒ ¤≈¿∞‰ Òµ◊∂ È∂¢ ’≈Ò‹ Ò¬∆ «Â¡≈ ‘∞ßÁ≈ «¬’ Ó∞ß‚≈ ͵◊ ÏßÈ∑Á≈ ÏßÈ∑Á≈ «Ú⁄∂ ¤µ‚ Á∂∫Á≈ ‘À¢ ¿∞‘Á≈ «ÍÂ≈ Í∞µ¤ÁÀ, «’¿∞∫ Í∞µÂ ¡µ‹ ’≈Ò‹ Ȭ∆∫ ‹≈‰≈? Ó∞ß‚≈ ’«‘ßÁ≈, ‚À‚∆ ’≈Ò‹ ’∆ ‹≈‰À, «¬ß‹ Á≈ ÓΩ√Ó ‘ج∂ ª √≈‚∂ √≈∂ ÍzØÎÀ√ Í‘≈Ûª 鱧 Â∞ ÍÀ∫Á∂ È∂¢ ‚À‚∆ ’«‘ßÁ≈, Í∞µÂ «¬‘ ◊µÒ ª ·∆’ È‘∆∫, Â∂≈ Î∞µÎÛ «Í¡≈≈ «√ßÿ ¿∞√∂ ’≈Ò‹ “⁄ ¡À, 屧 ¿∞‘鱧 Áµ√∆∫¢ Ó∞ß‚≈ ’«‘ßÁ≈, ‚À‚∆ ¿∞√ 鱧 ’∆ Áµ√‰À, ¿∞‘∆ ª «¬È∑ª ÍzØÎÀ√ª Á≈ ⁄ΩË∆ ¡À¢ «¬√ Â∑ª Á≈ ‘À «Í¡≈≈ «√ßÿ, Í‘≈Ûª “Â∂ √Àª Á≈ ÙΩ’∆È Â∂ ’¬∆ ¡Ω÷∂ Â∂ ÿµ‡ ‹≈‰∂ ≈‘ª Â∂ ‹◊∑≈Úª Á≈ ‹≈‰±¢ ÿØ∫ «’Â∂ «È’Ò ‹≈‰ 鱧 ‘Ó∂Ù≈ ÔØ‹È≈ ω≈¿∞∫Á≈ «‘ßÁ≈¢ √ÚÈ∆ 鱧 Ú∆ ¿∞‘È∂ «¬√∂ ß◊ “⁄ ß◊ «Ò¡≈ ‘À¢ «Í¡≈≈ «√ßÿ √Á≈ ¿∞Â√∞’Â≈ Â∂ ‘Ø ‹≈‰È Á∆ ªÿ È≈Ò Ì«¡≈ «‘ß Á ≈, √’± Ò ¡«Ë¡≈Í’≈ √ÚÈ ’Ω “⁄ ˜Ó∆È∆, Â∂ ’¬∆ √≈Òª ÂØ∫ Ù«‘ “⁄ «‘ß«Á¡ª Ú∆, Í∂∫‚± Í≈ÁÙÂ≈ ‘À¢ ÓÀ鱧 Â∂ ÍÂÈ∆ ÍßÓ∆ 鱧 ¿∞È∑ª Á≈ √≈Ê ⁄ß◊≈ Òµ◊Á≈, «’√∂ Â∑ ª Á∆ ÏÈ≈Ú‡, ¿∞‘Ò∂ ‹ª ¿∞⁄∂⁄ Á∆ ÒØÛ È‘∆∫ ÍÀ∫Á∆¢ √∞Ï∑≈ √Ú∂∂ ‘∆ ¡√∆∫ ◊∞Á≈√Í∞Ø∫ ¡≈͉∆ ˜ÀµÈ ’≈ “Â∂ ⁄µÒ ͬ∂¢ Í·≈Ȓ؇ Í≈ ’«Á¡ª ‘∆ ¡Ë Í‘≈Û∆ «¬Ò≈’≈ Ù∞± ‘Ø ‹ªÁ≈, ̱«ÁzÙ ÏÁÒ ‹ªÁ≈ ‘À¢ È∆Ú∆¡ª, ‹ß◊Òª„µ’∆¡ª Í‘≈Û∆¡ª «Á√‰ Òµ◊Á∆¡ª, √Û’ Á∞ ¡ ≈Ò∂ Á∆ ‘«¡≈Ò∆ √ßÿ‰∆ ‘Ø ‹ªÁ∆ Â∂ ¿∞‘ ÓÀÁ≈Ȫ È≈ÒØ∫ ÚµË Â≈˜≈ Â∂ ‘∆ Òµ◊Á∆¢ ÁØ «Âß È √≈Ò Í«‘Òª Ï√≈ª “⁄, Íß‹≈Ï È±ß «‘Ó≈⁄Ò ÍzÁ∂Ù È≈Ò ‹ØÛÁ≈, ≈Ú∆ “Â∂ Ï«‰¡≈ ⁄µ’∆ Á≈ Í∞Ò Ú«‘ «◊¡≈ √∆ (‘∞‰ ÈÚª Í∞Ò ¿∞√ ⁄∞µ’≈ ‘À), √Ø √≈鱧 Á«¡≈ Á∂ ÂÒ “Â∂ ω≈¬∂ ◊¬∂ ’µ⁄∂͵’∂ ≈‘ ≈‘∆∫ ‘∆ Í≈ ‹≈‰≈ «Í¡≈¢ Ó∆∫‘ª “⁄ Á«¡≈ “⁄ «˜¡≈Á≈ Í≈‰∆ ¡≈¿∞‰ “Â∂ «¬‘ Ú∆ ÏßÁ ‘Ø ‹ªÁ≈ √∆ ª ÍßÁª-Ú∆‘ «’ÒØÓ∆‡ Á≈ Ú≈˱ √Î ’’∂ ‘∆ «‘Ó≈⁄Ò “⁄ ÍzÚ∂Ù ’∆Â≈ ‹ªÁ≈ √∆¢ Á«¡≈ Í≈ ’«Á¡ª ‘∆ «‘Ó≈⁄Ò Ù∞± ‘Ø ‹ªÁ≈
‘À Â∂ ¡√∆∫ √∞Ï∑≈ ÂØ∫ ‚∂„ ÁØ ÿß«‡¡ª Á∂ √¯ Ó◊Ø∫ ¤Ø‡∂ «‹‘∂ ’√Ï∂ ȱÍ∞ Í∞µ‹ ◊¬∂ ¢ ȱ Í∞ «’√∂ Ú∂ Ò ∂ Í‘≈Û∆ ≈«‹¡ª Á∆ «¬’ «¡≈√ Á∆ Ó∞µ÷ È◊∆ ‘∆ √∆ Â∂ ¿∞µÊ∂ «¬’ Í‘≈Û∆ “Â∂ «¬’ «’Ò∑∂ Á∂ ÷ß‚ ÓΩ‹±Á È∂¢ ȱÍ∞ ‘∞‰ ◊Ó Ù≈Òª Ò¬∆ ÓÙ‘± ‘À¢ «’Ò∑∂ Á∂ ¡≈Ò∂-Á∞¡≈Ò∂ Ú≈Ò∆ ʪ “Â∂ ‘∞‰ √’≈∆ ÁÎÂ, ’⁄«‘∆ Â∂ Ï≈˜≈ È∂ ¢ ȱ Í∞ ÂØ ∫ ¡√∆∫ «¬’ «Èµ’∆ √Û’ “Â∂, ÷µÏ∂ È±ß ÊµÒ∂ ¿∞ ◊¬∂ ¢ ȱ Í∞ µ’ ª ≈Ù‡∆ ≈‹Ó≈◊ ‘؉ ’’∂ √Û’ ⁄ΩÛ∆ Â∂ ·∆’ ‘≈Ò “⁄ √∆, Í ‘∞‰ √Û’ Á∆ ‘≈Ò Ó≈Û∆ √∆¢ ÎÂ≈ ’≈Î∆ ÿµ‡ ◊¬∆ √∆¢ Í ¡√∆∫ «’‘Û≈ «¬‘ √¯ «’Â∂ Í∞µ‹‰ Ò¬∆ ’ ‘∂ √ª, √¯ ‘∆ Óß « ˜Ò √∆¢ È≈Ò∂ «¬√ Ú≈ ÓÈ “⁄ «¬‘ Ú∆ Ë≈«¡≈ ‘Ø«¬¡≈ √∆: Ú«‘‰ Á∂ È≈Ò Ú«‘ßÁ∂ ‘Ø, «ÚØË È≈ ’Ø ¢ «¬ß ‹ ’È È≈Ò √Î ÷∞Ù◊Ú≈ Â∂ ÏßÁ≈ √Ω÷≈ «‘ßÁ≈ ‘À¢«Èµ’∂ ÓØÛ Ó∞ Û Á∆ √Û’, √Ò∂ ‡ Á∆¡ª „≈ÒÚ∆¡ª ¤µÂª Ú≈Ò∂ ÿ, ¤Ø ‡ ∂ «Íß ‚ , √Û’ Á∞¡≈Ò∂ ¡ßϪ Á∂ Í∞≈ÂÈ ∞µ÷ Â∂ √Ó∞ßÁ ÂÒ ÂØ∫ ¿∞⁄≈¬∆ Úˉ È≈Ò, «’Â∂ «’Â∂ ⁄∆Û∑ª Á∂ fi∞ ß ‚ ¢ ‹± È Á≈ ¿∞ ‘ «ÁÈ ÷≈√≈ ⁄Û∑ «◊¡≈ Ú∆ ◊Ó∆ È‘∆∫ √∆¢ Úµ÷-Úµ÷ ß ◊ ª Á∆¡ª Ë∞ Ò ∆¡ª, «¬√Â∆ ’∆Â∆¡ª √’±Ò∆ ÚÁ∆¡ª “⁄, «È÷∂ Â≈˜∂ «⁄‘«¡ª Ú≈Ò∂ , «√‘ÂÓß Á ϵ⁄∂¢ «¬’«‘∆ √Û’ “Â∂ ’ج∆ ’ج∆ Ú≈‘È, ‡≈Ú∂∫ ‡≈Ú∂∫ ÿ Â∂ «Íß‚¢ «Ú⁄ «Ú⁄ ’∞ÍØ√Â, Ó≈Û⁄± √∆ Â∂ ◊∆Ï «⁄‘∂, ÓÀÒ∂ «ÒÏ≈√¢ ‹≈«Í¡≈, «¬‘ «Íß‚ Â∂ ÒØ’ «’√∂ ‘Ø √Á∆ «’√∂ ‘Ø Á∂Ù Á∂ È∂¢ «’ß‹ Â∂ «’È∑ª ‘≈Ò≈ª “⁄ ÒØ’ ¬∂È∆ Á± ¡≈ Úµ√Á∂ È∂! ‘À≈È √≈∂ ‘∞ßÁ∂ È∂, Í ’Ú∆ ’«ÚÂ≈ “⁄ „≈Ò ÒÀ∫Á≈ ‘À¢ «‹Ú∂∫ ÓÀ∫ «¬’ Ú≈ «¬ß‹ ‘∆ Á±-Á∞≈‚∂ ‹ß◊Òª, ¡ßÁ±È∆ Í‘≈Ûª Â∂ Í∞µ‹ ‡≈ͱ¡ª “Â∂ Úµ√∂ ÒØ’ª Á≈ «÷¡≈Ò ¡Ω∫«Á¡ª «¬‘ ’«ÚÂ≈ «Ò÷∆ √∆¢ ¿∞√ “⁄Ø∫ «¬’ ÏßÁ Í∂Ù ‘À: «’√ Â∑ª ! «’√ Â∑ª «‘ ÒÀ∫Á∂ ÒØ’ Í∞µ‹ ‹ªÁ∂ «’¿∞∫ «’√ Â∑ª ‹∆¡ ÒÀ∫Á∂ ¿∞È∑ª Ó∂∆¡ª «¬ß◊ÒÀ∫‚ Î∂∆¡ª ÁΩ≈È Ú∂÷∆¡ª ¿∞µÊØ∫ Á∆¡ª ◊Ó∆¡ª Á∆¡ª Ë∞Í∆Ò∆¡ª √Ú∂ª Ú◊∆¢ Í≈ÁÙ∆
«ÒÙ’Ú∆∫-˙ÙÚ∆∫ Ë∞µÍ Â∂ ‘∂ ’± ∞ µ ÷ Â∂ ÏÈ√ÍÂ∆¡ª¢ √Û’ ÊØ Û ∑ ≈ «⁄ ≈Ú∆ Á∂ ’ß„∂-’ß„∂ Â∞Á∆ ‘À Â∂ «Î «¬’ «Âµ÷≈ ÓØÛ ÒÀ ’∂ ≈Ú∆ Á∆ ‘∆ «¬’ √‘≈«¬’ ÈÁ∆ √∞ ß ‚ Ò≈ Á∂ È≈Ò-È≈Ò ⁄µÒ‰ Òµ◊Á∆ ‘À¢ ≈Ú∆ Á±‹∂ Í≈√∂, ʵÒ∂ 鱧 ÓÀÁ≈Ȫ 鱧 ∞ı ’ ÒÀ∫Á∆ ‘À¢ ÊØÛ∑∆ Á∂ Ó◊Ø∫ ‹ÁØ∫ «¬‘ √Û’ √∞ß‚Ò≈ ÂØ∫ ¡Òµ◊ ÂØ∫ Í‘≈Ûª Á∂ ¡ß Á ⁄Ò∆ ‹ªÁ∆ ‘À ª ’≈Î∆ ‚≈¿∞‰∆ Òµ◊‰ Òµ◊Á∆ ‘À¢ ¬∂È∆ ‚≈¿∞‰∆, «’ √≈‚≈ «¬’ ÁØ√ ‹∆‘È∂ √≈‚∂ Úª◊ ‘∆ ⁄ÈÚ≈√ ‹≈‰≈ √∆, ¬∂ÊØ∫ ¬∆ Í «◊¡≈ √∆¢ ≈‘ “⁄ ÍÒÍÒ ÏÁÒÁ∂ Ș≈∂, ⁄∆Û∑ª Â∂ Á±‹∂
June 16, 2011
√∆¢ ¿∞‘Á∂ √µ÷‰∂ «⁄‘∂ “Â∂ ÷≈Ò∆ ¡Ï∞µfi ¡µ÷ª È∂ √∞Ï∑≈ Á∆ «ÏÒΩ∆ Ë∞µÍ Ú∆ √≈¿∞Ò∆ ’ «ÁµÂ∆ √∆¢ ¡√∆∫ Ó∞ Û ¿∞ √ ∂ ÚÒ-÷ªÁ∆ Í‘≈Û∆ √Û’ “Â∂ ÍÀ ◊¬∂ Â∂ ⁄∞∑≈ ÿ≈‡∆ Á∂ ÓÙ‘± ’√Ï∂ ‹µ‹≈ ’Ø·∆ ‘∞ßÁ∂ ‘ج∂, ¡≈ı∆ Íß‹ ’∞ «’ÒØÓ∆‡ ’µ⁄∆ Í ’≈ÔØ◊ √Û’ “Â∂ ÂÀ¡ ’’∂ Á∞Í«‘ „Ò«Á¡ª „Ò«Á¡ª ⁄ÈÚ≈√ Í∞µ‹ ◊¬∂ ¢ ⁄∞∑≈ ÿ≈‡∆ “⁄ ““Ò∞µ‚Ø Á∆ ⁄≈Ò““: ⁄ÈÚ≈√ √≈‚≈ ÁØ √ Â, √’≈∆ ¡≈Ô±ÚÀ«Á’ «‚√ÍÀ∫√∆ “⁄ ‚≈’‡, Íz∂Ó √À‰∆ «‘ßÁ≈ ‘À Â∂ ¿∞‘ «È≈ «’√∂ ’‘≈‰∆ Á≈ Í≈ ‘À¢ «‘‰ Ú≈Ò≈
PUNJABI
“Â∂ √¯ Á≈ «√Ò«√Ò≈ «Í¤Ò∂ Ï≈ª ’∞ √≈Òª ÂØ∫ ‹≈∆ ‘À¢ ÓÀ∫ ‘À≈È∆ Íz◊‡ ’Á≈ ‘ª- ¬∂È≈ ÒßÓ≈ Â∂ ıÂÈ≈’, ÓØÛª-ÿØÛª, ÷≈¬∆¡ª, ‡∞µ‡∆¡ª √Û’ª Á≈ √¯, ’Á∂ ¡ßª Á∆ ·ß„, ’Á∂ ◊Ó∆, ‚ È‘∆∫ Òµ◊Á≈? È‘∆∫, ‘∞‰ ¡≈Á ÍÀ ◊¬∆ ‘À, ÓÀ鱧 ‘ ÓØÛ, √Û’ Á≈ ‘ ÷µ‚≈, ‘ ÍµÊ Ô≈Á ‘Ø «◊¡≈ ‘À, √≈„∂ Íß‹-¤∂ ÿß«‡¡ª “⁄ ÿ Í∞µ‹ ‹≈¬∆ÁÀ, ¿∞‘ ’«‘ßÁ≈ ‘À¢ Í«‘≈Ú∂ , ◊µÒÏ≈ Â∂ ¡≈Ó √Ó≈«‹’ ’Áª-’∆Óª 鱧 Óßȉ Á∂ Ó≈ÓÒ∂ “⁄ ◊À-Ú≈«¬Â∆ ‘À¢ ˙ÙØ È±ß ÍÛ∑Á≈ ‘À¢ µÏ 鱧 ÓßÈÁ≈ È‘∆∫ Â∂ ÿ “⁄ ‡ß ◊ ∂ ‹≈‰ Ú≈Ò∂ ’À Ò ß ‚ ª “⁄Ø ∫
Ï≈‘ Â∂˜ ‘Ú≈ ⁄µÒ∆, Ó∂≈ ⁄ß◊∆ Â∑ª ÏßÁ ’∆Â≈ ϱ‘≈ ÊØÛ∑≈ ÷∞µÒ∑ «◊¡≈, Â≈˜∆ ‘Ú≈ Ó∂∂ ӱߑ È±ß Úµ‹∆, √≈‘ ˜≈ ’∞ √Ω÷≈ ‘Ø«¬¡≈, ‹≈«Í¡≈ Ï⁄ ‹≈Úª◊≈¢ ÓÀ∫ «Î ¿∞µ·‰ Á∆ ’Ø«ÙÙ ’∆Â∆, Í ¡‹∂ Ú∆ ¿∞‘∆ ’Ó˜Ø∆, «‹¿∞∫ ҵª-Ï≈‘ª “⁄ ‹≈È ¬∆ È≈ ‘ج∂¢ ÍÂ≈ Ȭ∆∫ «’ß‹ ÓÀ∫ Í«‘Òª ÁØ‘ª Ï≈‘ª È≈Ò «¬’ ҵ ÓØ Û ∆, «Î Á±‹∆, Â∂ «Û∑-«Û∑ ’∂, ÏÀ·-ÏÀ· ’∂ ÍΩÛ∆¡ª ¿∞«¡≈¢ ‡≈⁄ ÒµÌ∆, «’√∂ Â∑ª «‚√ÍÀ∫√∆ “⁄Ø∫ ÁÚ≈¬∆ ÒµÌ∆¢ ÓÀ∫ È‘∆∫ √ª ⁄≈‘∞ßÁ≈ «’ Ó∂∂ ÿ Ú≈Ò≈ ’ج∆ √Ø⁄∂ «’ Ó∂∆ ÓΩ «Íµ¤∂ «’√∂ Á≈ ‘µÊ ‘À, √Ø ÓÀ∫ ¡≈͉∂ ¿∞√ Ú∂Ò∂ Á∂
Í‘≈Û∆ ∞µ÷ª Á∂ Ú‰, «Èµ’∂ fiÈ∂, ¤Ø‡∂ «Íß ‚ , «¬µ’≈-Á∞ µ ’≈ ’≈ª, ϵ√ª, √’±‡ Â∂ Ó؇√≈¬∆’Ò «ÓÒÁ∂ È∂¢ √≈鱧 ’ج∆ ’≈‘Ò È‘∆∫ √∆, ¡√∆∫ Ó√ ⁄≈Ò∂ ‹≈ ‘∂ √ª¢ ¡µË∂ ’∞ ≈‘ “⁄, «¬’ ⁄ΩÛ∂ fiÈ∂ Á∂ ’ß„∂ “Â∂ ω∂ «¬µ’ «Èµ’∂ Í‘≈Û∆ „≈Ï∂ “Â∂ ÏÀµ‚-¡ΩÓÒ∂‡, ÍΩ ∫ ·∂ - Á‘∆∫ “Â∂ ⁄≈‘ Á≈ È≈ÙÂ≈ ’∆Â≈¢ ÍÂ∆-ÍÂÈ∆ ÁØÚ∂∫ „≈Ï∂ “Â∂ ’ßÓ ’ ‘∂ √∆, ““«¬’ «Èµ’≈ ◊Ø≈ ÓÒ±’ «‹‘≈ Ó∞ß‚≈ ÏÂÈ ËØ «‘≈ √∆¢ ¡√ª √Ø « ⁄¡≈, ¿∞ ‘ ¤∞ µ ‡∆¡ª “⁄ Ó≈«Í¡ª Á≈ ‘µÊ Ú‡ªÁ≈ „≈Ï∂ Ú≈«Ò¡ª Á≈ Í∞µÂ ‘ج∂◊≈, Í È‘∆∫, ¿∞‘ √’±ÒØ∫ Úªfi≈ «‘ «◊¡≈ ’ج∆ Ï≈Ò √∆¢ «ÏµÒ «ÁµÂ≈ ª ‘À≈È «‘ ◊¬∂, √ÀÒ≈È∆¡ª 鱧 Ò∞µ‡ ÒÀ‰ Á∆ «ÏÓ≈∆ ¡‹∂ «¬È∑ª ¡ßÁ±È∆ Í‘≈Û∆ Ê≈Úª Â≈¬∆∫ È‘∆∫ Í∞µ‹∆¢ Ï≈‘ «È’Ò∂ ª Ó∞fi≈¬∂ «⁄‘∂ Ú≈Ò∆ «¬µ’ Ï≈ª-Â∂ª √≈Ò Á∆ √’±Ò∆ ϵ⁄∆, ·Ø‚∆ ‘µÊ “Â∂ «‡’≈¬∆, ¤ª “⁄ √Û’ Á∂ ’ß„∂ “Â∂ ÏÀ·∆
ª ¿∞‘ Íß‹≈Ï “⁄ Á∆È≈È◊ ’√Ï∂ ’ØÒ «¬’ «Íß‚ Á≈ ‘À, Í ¡≈Ô±ÚÀÁ Á∆ «‚◊∆ ’È Ó◊Ø∫, ’¬∆ √≈Ò Íß‹≈Ï “⁄ ÈΩ’∆ È≈ «ÓÒ‰ ’≈È, ¿∞‘È∂ ÿØ∫ ¬∂È∆ Á± «‘Ó≈⁄Ò “⁄ ÈΩ ’ ∆ ’ Ò¬∆ Â∂ ÂÊ≈ ’«Ê √µ«Ì¡Â≈ ÂØ∫ ’Ø‘ª Á±, «¬√ Á±Á∞≈‚∂ Í∂∫‚± ÍÁ∂√ 鱧 «ÁÒ Á∂ ÏÀ·≈¢ Í«Ú≈ ¿∞‘Á≈ «Íµ¤∂ ¿∞‘ Á∂ «Íß‚ ‘∆ «‘ßÁ≈ ‘À¢ Òµ’Û∆ Á∂ «Èµ’∂ «‹‘∂ ÁØ Óß « ˜Ò≈ ÿ, «‹‘Û≈ ¿∞ ‘ Á∆ «‚√ÍÀ∫√∆ Ú∆ ‘À, “⁄ “’µÒ≈ «‘ßÁ≈, ¡≈Í Ï‰≈¿∞ ∫ Á≈ ¡≈Í ÷ªÁ≈ ‘À ¢ Í«‘Òª ¡≈͉∂ «Íß ‚ Ø ∫ ϵ√ “Â∂ ¡≈«¬¡≈-‹≈«¬¡≈ ’Á≈ √∆, ¡µ·Á√ ÿß « ‡¡ª Á≈ Òß Ó ≈ Â∂ ¡’≈¿± √¯¢ ¬∂‚∂ ‹Ø÷Óª Ì∆ √Û’ “Â∂ «¬µ’ Ú≈ ¿∞‘Á∂ Ú≈Ò∆ ϵ√ Á≈ ¡À’√∆‚À∫‡ ‘Ø «◊¡≈, «¬’ Ú≈∆ ‘∞ ß Á ∂ ‘∞ ß Á ∂ Ï«⁄¡≈¢ «Î √’±‡ “Â∂ ‘∞‰ ’¬∆ √≈Òª ÂØ∫ Ó؇√≈¬∆’Ò “Â∂ «¬‘ √¯ ’È Òµ◊ «Í¡≈ ‘À¢ ¡≈͉∂ Ú≈‘È
¡ßÏ∆Ù
Í«‘Òª Á∂Ú∆-Á∂ګ¡ª Á∆¡ª ӱª ’µ‡ Á∂∫Á≈ ‘À¢ «¬È∑ª √Ì ◊µÒª 鱧 ¡◊Ì±Ó “⁄ «Ò◊Ω∫Á∆, √≈‚∂ Í∞µ‹«Á¡ª ‘∆ ¿∞‘ È∂ «¬’ ¡≈ÍÏ∆Â∆ √∞‰≈¬∆ ª √≈‚∂ Ω∫◊‡∂ ÷Û∑∂ ‘Ø ◊¬∂: ““Ì √Á∆¡ª Á∂ «ÁÈ, Ï≈‘ ¤∂-¤∂ Î∞µ‡ ϯ¢ ÓÀ∫ ≈Â∆∫ ¡≈Ó Úª◊ Í∆-÷≈ ’∂, ¡ß◊∆·∆ ‹Ò≈ ’∂, ·ß„ ÂØ∫ Ï⁄‰ Ò¬∆ √Ì Ï±‘∂ Ï≈∆¡ª ÏßÁ ’’∂ √Ω∫ «◊¡≈¢ ¡µË∆ ’∞ ≈Â∆∫ ÂzÌ’ ’∂ ‹≈«◊¡≈, ‹≈«Í¡≈ Ó∂≈ √≈‘ ÏßÁ ‘Ø «‘≈, ¡Ï≈‘‡ È≈Ò Âz∂Ò∆˙-Âz∂Ò∆, ‹≈«Í¡≈ ÓÈ Ú≈Ò≈ ‘ª¢ ÓÀ∫ ¿∞µ·‰ Á∆ ’Ø«ÙÙ ’∆Â∆, Í Ó∂≈ ’ج∆ ¡ß◊ ’ßÓ È‘∆∫ √∆ ’ «‘≈¢ ÓÀÈ±ß Òµ«◊¡≈, «¬‘ √Ì ’∞fi ¡ß◊∆·∆ ’≈È ‘À, ¿∞µ· ’∂ ϱ‘≈ ÷ØÒ∑ª, Í «‘µÒ µ’ È‘∆∫ √«’¡≈¢ «Î ‹≈«Í¡≈, «¬‘ ª «ÁÒ Î∂Ò∑ ‘Ø «‘≈, ÓÀ∫ ª Ó «‘ª¢ √Ø«⁄¡≈, ÓÈ ‘∆ Òµ◊≈ ‘ª ª «’¿∞∫ È≈ ˙ÙØ Ú≈Ò∆ ‘ØÙÍ±È ÓΩ Ӫ, Â∂ ÓÀ∫ ¡≈͉∂ √≈‘ «◊‰È∂ Ù∞± ’ «ÁµÂ∂, ¤∂-√µÂ ¡µ· ¢“ ¡⁄≈È’
¡«‘√≈√ «’√∂ Â∑ª ¡µ÷ª “⁄ fi∆‡∂¢ ÓÀ鱧 ‹≈«Í¡≈, Ó∂∂ ‹∆ÚÈ È∂ Ò∞µ‚Ø Á∆ «¬’ ‘Ø ⁄≈Ò ⁄µÒ∆ ‘À, Â∂ ÓÀ∫ √µÍ ’ØÒØ∫ ‚ß«◊¡≈ ‹ªÁ≈ ‹ªÁ≈ Ï⁄ «◊¡≈ ‘ª, ÍΩÛ∆ ⁄Û∑ «◊¡≈ ‘ª¢““ «¬‘ ““Ò∞ µ ‚Ø Á∆ ⁄≈Ò““ Ú∆ «ÁÒ⁄√Í ’‘≈‰∆ ‘À¢ AIHE “⁄ ¤Í∆ «¬√ Ò∂÷’ Á∆ Í«‘Ò∆ ’≈«Ú-Í∞√Â’ ““√Ì ËÂ∆ ’≈◊Á∞““ “⁄ «¬√ Ȫ Á∆ «¬’ ’«ÚÂ≈ Ù≈ÓÒ ‘À, Í«‘Òª «¬‘ È≈◊Ó‰∆ “⁄ Ú∆ ¤Í∆ √∆¢ ‚≈. Íz∂Ó √À‰∆ È∂ «¬‘ ’«ÚÂ≈ ӱߑ˜Ï≈È∆ Ô≈Á ’ Ò¬∆ Â∂ «¬‘Á∆¡ª ÁØ √ª È±ß Ó±Ò Óß ‹≈‰ «˜ßÁ◊∆ ȱߢ ¡≈Í∂ Â∞Á∆ ’‘≈‰∆ Úª◊ ‹∆«Ú¡≈ ‘À¢““ ¿∞√ ’«‘ Á∆ ≈ Ú∆ ¿∞‘ Ï⁄ «◊¡≈ ª ¿∞ ‘ ȱ ß ‹≈«Í¡≈ Í Ù≈«¬Á! Ò∞µ‚Ø Á∆¡ª ’∞fi ⁄≈Òª Ï≈’∆ È∂ ¡‹∂¢ ’∞ fi ÍΩ Û ∆¡ª ⁄Û∑ È ∆¡ª Ï≈’∆ È∂ Ù≈«¬Á ¢ ¡‹∆Ï ÓΩ’≈Ó∂Ò ‘À, «¬‘ ’«ÚÂ≈ Ó∂∂ ¡Ó∆’≈ «‘ßÁ∂ «¬’ «⁄«’Â√’
Í Íß‹≈Ï∆ √≈«‘ È≈Ò ‚±ßÿ∂ ‹∞Û∂ ÁØ√Â, ‚≈. ¡Ó∆’ «√ßÿ ’ØÒ Ú∆ È≈◊Ó‰∆ “⁄ ¤Í‰ Ú∂Ò∂ Á∆ √ªÌ∆ ͬ∆ ‘À¢ √◊Ø∫ ¿∞‘Á∂ È≈Ò ÁØ√Â∆ Á≈ √ÏµÏ Ú∆ «¬‘Ø ’«ÚÂ≈ ‘À ¢ ’«ÚÂ≈ Â∂ √≈«‘ Â∞‘≈鱧 «’µÊ∂ «’µÊ∂ ‹ØÛ «ÁßÁ≈ ‘À, ¿∞‘Á∂ «’ßÈ∂ Á±◊≈Ó∆ ÍzÌ≈Ú ‘∞ßÁ∂ È∂, ’ÒÓÁ≈ 鱧 ÍÂ≈ È‘∆∫ ‘∞ßÁ≈¢ ıÀ ! Á∞ Í «‘ „Ò‰ “Â∂ Ì∞ µ ÷ ⁄Ó’‰ Òµ◊∆ √∆¢ ‚≈. √À ‰ ∆ È∂ ⁄≈ÚÒ ¡Â∂ √∑Ø∫ Á∂ Â∂Ò “⁄ «√¯ ⁄≈ ’∞ ÒΩ ∫ ◊ª Â∂ √≈Ï ËÈ∆¬∂ Á∂ ÂÛ’∂ Ú≈Ò∆ √≈Ï ӱß◊∆ Á∆ Á≈Ò Ï‰≈¬∆, ӱߑØ∫ È‘∆∫ ÒµÊÁ∆ √∆¢ Á± Á∞ ≈‚∂ , ◊∞ Ï Á∂ Ó≈∂ Í‘≈Û∆ «Íß ‚ ª “⁄ ’Ω ‰ ‡Ó≈‡-«Í¡≈˜ª Â∂ ¡Ë’-Ò√È Á∆ ¡µÔ≈Ù∆ ’ √’Á≈ ‘À , «¬‘ Í≈’ ’Ò≈ Â’∆Ï ˜± «¬√ Â∑ª Á∂ «’√∂ «¬Ò≈’∂ Á∆ ’≈„ ‘ج∂◊∆¢ √∑Ø∫ Á∂ Â∂Ò “⁄ «√¯ √≈Ï ËÈ∆¬∂ Á≈ ÂÛ’≈ ‘∞‰ ’Á∂-’Á∂ ÍÂÈ∆ ÍßÓ∆ Á∆ Ú∆ «¬’ ÓÈÍ√ßÁ Í≈’ ’Ò≈ ‹∞◊ ‘À¢ √Ó∞ßÁ ÂÒ ÂØ∫ √≈„∂ √µÂ-¡µ· ‘˜≈ Î∞µ‡ Á∆ ¿∞⁄≈¬∆ “Â∂, ⁄ÈÚ≈√ «√¯ ⁄ΩÚ∆ ÿª Á≈ «Èµ’≈ «Íß‚ ‘À¢ ʵ«Ò˙∫ ’µ⁄∆ √Û’ ÂØ∫ «¬’ Í‘≈Û∆ Á∆ Úµ÷∆ “Â∂ √«Ê ‚≈. √À‰∆ Á∂ ÿ µ’ Í∞ µ ‹‰≈ Ú∆ √≈‚∂ ÓÀ Á ≈È∆ Ïß«Á¡ª Ò¬∆ «¬’ Ó∞«‘ßÓ ‘À¢ √ÚÈ ’Ω Âª ÁØ-⁄≈ ’ÁÓ Â∞ ’∂ ‘∆ √≈‘Ø√≈‘ ‘Ø ‹ªÁ∆, ∞’ ‹ªÁ∆¢ Ù«‘, √’≈∆ ÈΩ’∆ Â∂ ÿ “⁄ µ÷∆ ͵’∆ ÈΩ ’ ≈‰∆ È∂ ¿∞ ‘ ȱ ß Ï‘∞  ≈ ‘∆ √∞÷«‘‰≈ ω≈ «ÁµÂ≈ ‘À¢ ÍßÓ∆ Í Â◊Û∆ ‘µ‚∆ Á∆ ‘À, ¬∂È∆ ’∞ ⁄Û∑≈¬∆ È±ß Âª ¿∞‘ ’∞fi √ÓfiÁ∆ ‘∆ È‘∆∫¢ ÓÀ鱧 ‹≈ÍÁ≈ ‘À, ·∆’ «√÷Ò≈¬∆ È≈Ò, ¿∞‘ Ϥ∂∫Á∆ Í≈Ò Úª◊, Ó≈¿±∫‡ ¡ÀÚÀ√‡ Ú∆ √ ’ √’Á∆ ‘À¢ (ÏÙÂ∂ «’ ÓÀ∫ È≈Ò ‘ØÚª!) √Û’ ÂØ∫ ÿ 鱧 ⁄Û∑Á∆ ’À∫⁄∆ ÓØÛ ’µ‡Á∆ ‚ß‚∆ Á∞¡≈Ò∂ ¡‹∂ «Èµ’∆ Óµ’∆ Á∂ ÷∂ √∆ Â∂ Ïß«È¡ª “Â∂ ‹≈Ó‰∆ ß◊ Á∂ Ï‘∞ ‘∆ ÷±Ï√±Â ‹ß◊Ò∆ Î∞µÒ «÷Û∂ √∆¢ ÍÀ‡±È∆¬∂ Á∂ Î∞µÒ ’∞ «‹µ‚∂, ¿∞√ ◊«‘∂ È∆Ò∂ Î∞µÒ Á≈ ¡ßÁ±È∆ «‘µ√≈ «‹µÊ∂ ¿∞‘ ‚ß‚∆ È≈Ò Òµ«◊¡≈ ‘∞ ß Á ≈, «‹µÊØ ∫ Í≈◊-ÈÒ∆¡ª «È’Ò∆¡ª ‘∞ßÁ∆¡ª, «ÏÒ’∞Ò «Èµ’∂ √±‹ Úª◊ ‹◊Á≈ ‘À¢ ¡÷؇ Á≈ «¬’ «ÚÙ≈Ò Â∂ Әϱ Áı √∆ Â∂ ʪʪ “Â∂ ÷∞Ó≈È∆¡ª È≈Ò ÒµÁ∂ «Ï÷ √∆¢ ͵’∆¡ª, √ Ì∆¡ª, √ß◊Â∆ Í∆Ò∆¡ª, ÷∞ Ó≈È∆¡ª ÍÀ ª ʵÒ∂
ÏÈ≈Ò≈-’πfi «ÁÈ Í«‘Òª BG √≈Ò Í≈«’√Â≈È Á∆ ‹∂Ò∑ «Ú⁄Ø∫ Ò◊≈Â≈ Â√∆‘∂ ‹ ’∂ ¡≈¬∂ Á∂Ù Ì◊ ◊ØÍ≈Ò Á≈√ ˘ √≈Ï’≈ √À«È’ «Úß◊ ÙØzÓ‰∆ ¡’≈Ò∆ ÁÒ (Ï) ÚÂÈ Ú≈Í√∆ ”Â∂ √À¨‡ ’Á≈ ‘Ø«¬¡≈, ’∂∫Á √’≈ ÂØ∫ Óß◊ ’Á≈ ˛ «’ «¬√ ˘ Í»≈ Ó≈‰ ¡Â∂ ¡≈Œ«Ê’ √‘≈«¬Â≈ «Áæ  ∆ ‹≈Ú∂Õ «Úß◊ Á∂ ’ΩÓ∆ ÍzË≈È ◊π«‹ßÁ
«√ßÿ «√æË» È∂ «Ï¡≈È «Ú⁄ «’‘≈ ˛ «’ ‹Ø ¡≈͉∂ ÚÂÈ Ò¬∆ BG √≈Ò ‹∂ Ò ∑ ª ”⁄ √ÛÈ ¿π Í ß Â Ú≈Í√ ¡≈«¬¡≈ ˛, ‘ Íæ÷Ø∫ Í¤Û «◊¡≈ ˛ ¡Â∂ ¿π√ Á≈ √Ì ’πfi ¿π‹Û «◊¡≈ ˛Õ ¿π√ Á∂ ÓπÛ Ú√∂Ï∂ Ò¬∆ ÿæ‡Ø-ÿæ‡ A ’ØÛ Á∆ È◊Á ≈Ù∆ «ÁæÂ∆ ‹≈Ú∂Õ È≈Ò ‘∆ Á∂Ù Ì◊ª Ú≈Ò∆ ÍÀÈÙÈ Ò≈¬∆ ‹≈Ú∂Õ √z: «√æË» È∂ «’‘≈ «’ ◊ØÍ≈Ò
Á≈√ Á∆ ÌÀ‰ Á≈ «Ï¡≈È ‹Ø ¡ıÏ≈ª «Ú⁄ ¡≈«¬¡≈ ˛, ¿π√ ¡Èπ√≈ ◊ØÍ≈Ò Á≈√ ‹ÁØ∫ Ϋۡ≈ «◊¡≈ √∆, ¿π√ √Ó∂∫ ¬∂‹ß√∆ Á∂ ¡¯√ ÿ ¡≈¬∂ √È ¡Â∂ A@ ‘˜≈ πͬ∂ Á∂ ◊¬∂, Ízß» ¿π√ ÂØ∫ «Í¤Ø∫ ’ج∆ ¿π‘Ȫ Á∆ ÓæÁÁ Ò¬∆ È‘∆∫ ¡≈«¬¡≈Õ «¬‘ ¡≈͉∂ Óπ Ò ’ Á∆ √’≈ Ú≈√Â∂ ¡«Â ÓßÁÌ≈◊∆ ◊æÒ ˛Õ √≈Ï’≈ √À«È’ ¡≈◊» È∂ ’∂∫Á
◊∞Á≈√Í∞Ø∫ ‹Ø Â∂ ⁄ßÏ≈
5
∞ÒÁ∆¡ª √∆¢ ϵ⁄∂ √≈≈ «ÁÈ «¬È∑ª 鱧 ⁄∞◊-⁄∞◊ ÷ªÁ∂ «‘ßÁ∂, ÒØ’ «¬È∑ª Á∂ ‹ÀÓ, ÙÏÂ, ⁄‡‰∆¡ª Â∂ ÍÂ≈ È‘∆∫ ‘Ø ’∆ ’∆ ω≈¿∞∫Á∂ Í «¬‘ Ó∞µ’Á∆¡ª È‘∆∫¢ Í ¡√Ò∆ ı˜≈È≈ «¬È∑ª Á∆¡ª «◊‡’ª È∂, Í‘≈Û∆¬∂ «¬È∑ª Á∆ ÏÁ≈Óª Á∆ «◊∆ Á∂ √Ú≈Á Ú≈Ò∆ «◊∆ 鱧 ÏÛ∆ √ªÌ ’∂ µ÷Á∂ Â∂ √Ú≈Á È≈Ò ÷ªÁ∂¢ «¬È∑ª ÂØ∫ Ò∂Í, Ó≈ÒÙ Ò¬∆ Â∂Ò Â∂ ’¬∆ ÁÚ≈¬∆¡ª ω≈¿∞∫Á∂¢ √Á∆¡ª “⁄ «¬µÊ∂ ı±Ï ϯ ÍÀ∫Á∆, „≈¬∆ «ÂßÈ Î∞µ‡ ª ¡≈Ó ‘∆, ’¬∆ Ú≈ ¤∂-¤∂ Î∞µ‡ Ú∆¢ Â∂ «¬È∑ª ¤∂ Ó‘∆«È¡ª “⁄ ¬∂Ê∂ ’ج∆ ’ßÓ È‘∆∫ ‘∞ßÁ≈¢ ÏßÁ∂ ¿∞∫‹ Ú∆ ÿµ‡ ’ßÓ ’Á∂, ¿∞È∑ª «√Î ‘µÒ Ú≈‘∞‰≈ Â∂ Ï∆‹ √∞µ‡‰∂ ‘∞ßÁ∂¢ ÷∂Â∆ Á∂ Ï≈’∆ √≈∂ ’ßÓ ◊Ø‚∆, Ú≈„∆ Â∂ ¡È≈‹ Á∆ √ªÌ√ßÌ≈Ò ¡≈«Á, ÿ Á∂ Ï≈’∆ ’ßÓª √Ó∂Â, ¡Ωª ‘∆ ’Á∆¡ª¢ Â≈‘∆˙∫ ¬∂Ê∂ ¡Ωª Á∆ ’Á «˜¡≈Á≈ Â∂ Ï≈ª Á∆ «¬µ˜Â Â∂ Á∂÷-∂÷ «¬ß‹ È‘∆∫ ‘∞ßÁ∆ «‹Ú∂∫ Íß‹≈Ï “⁄¢ «‘ß Á ± ¡ ª-Ó∞ √ ÒÓ≈Ȫ Á∆ ¡≈Ï≈Á∆ ¡È∞Í≈ √µ·-⁄≈Ò∆ ‘À¢ ÒØ’ ⁄∞≈‘∆ ÏØÒ∆ ÏØÒÁ∂ È∂ «‹‘Û∆ Íß ‹ ≈Ï∆-«‘ß Á ∆ Á≈ ‘∆ «¬’ ¬∂ È ≈ «Ú◊«Û¡≈ ‘Ø « ¬¡≈ ± Í ‘À «’ Ï≈‘Ò≈ Ïß Á ≈ «¬‘ȱ ß √Ófi È‘∆∫ √’Á≈¢ ¡ÀÚ∂∫ ⁄ß◊∂ ÌÒ∂ ÙÏÁª 鱧 ‹≈‰-Ï∞fi ’∂ ¿∞Ò‡≈ ’∂ ÏØÒ‰◊∂, ‚≈. √À‰∆ Áµ√Á≈, ϵ’∂ 鱧 «Íµ·⁄∞µ’ Â∂ ¤µÒ∆ 鱧 «¬‘ ’∞’Û∆ ’«‘ßÁ∂¢ ◊∆Ï∆ Ï‘∞ ‘À¢ «ÂßÈ √Ω ÍÀ∫‘· «ÁȪ “⁄Ø∫ «ÂßÈ √Ω «ÁÈ ÒØ’ ͵«Â¡ª Á≈ √≈◊ Â∂ Óµ’∆ Á∆ ؇∆ ÷ªÁ∂, Ï‘∞Â∆ Ú≈ Òµ√∆ Ú∆ È√∆Ï È‘∆∫ ‘∞ßÁ∆¢ ’√ØÛ [ÎÈ-ϱ ‡ ∆¡ª Á∆¡ª ÿÛ∆ Á∂ √Í«ß ◊ ª «‹‘∆¡ª ’± ß Ï Òª] Á∆ √Ϙ∆ Â∂ √≈◊, «Ïµ¤±-ϱ‡∆ ¡Â∂ ’∞fi ‘Ø ‹ß◊Ò∆ ϱ‡∆¡ª Á≈ ω≈¿∞∫Á∂¢ ◊∞µ‹ ¡≈͉∂ ÏßÁ, È∆Ú∂∫ Â∂ È∑∂∂ ’µ⁄∂ ’Ø « ·¡≈ “⁄ ¡≈͉∂ ÍÙ± ¡ ª Á∂ È≈Ò «‘ßÁ∂¢ √’±ÒØ∫ ÍÂÁ∂ ϵ⁄∂ ÂÒ∆¡ª “Â∂, ÷≈Ò∆ Ê≈Úª “Â∂ ¡≈Ó ¿∞µ◊∆ ‹ß◊Ò∆ Ìß◊ Á∂ ͵Â∂ ÓÒÁ∂ ⁄√ ω≈¿∞∫Á∂ «‘ßÁ∂ Â∂ ¿∞‘鱧 Ú∂⁄ ’∂ Á∞’≈Ȫ ÂØ∫ ’≈Í∆¡ª-ÍÀ ∫ √Òª Â∂ ‡≈Î∆¡ª«Óµ·∆¡ª ◊ØÒ∆¡ª ÷∆Á ÒÀ∫Á∂¢÷≈‰≈ ÷≈ ’∂ ¡√∆∫ ⁄≈‘ Í∆ ‘∂ √ª Â∂ ‚≈. √À‰∆ √≈鱧 «¬‘ √≈∆¡ª ◊µÒª Áµ√ «‘≈ √∆¢ ÓÀ∫ ¿∞‘Á∂ ¿∞√ «Èµ’∂ «‹‘∂ Òµ’Û∆ Á∂ ÿ Á∆ ¿∞µÍÒ∆ Óß«˜Ò “Â∂ «Èµ’∆ «‹‘∆ Ï≈Ò’ØÈ∆ “⁄ ÏÀ·≈ Ï≈‘ Á≈ Ș≈≈ Ú∆ È≈ÒØ∫-È≈Ò Ò¬∆ ‹≈ «‘≈ √ª¢ Ï≈Ò’ØÈ∆ Á∂ ’ØÒ ¡‹∂ ’µ⁄∂ ‘∂ √∂Ϫ È≈Ò Òµ«Á¡≈ ∞µ÷ √∆ Â∂ ¿∞ ‘ Á∂ “⁄ ÏÀ · ≈ «¬’ Íß ¤ ∆ Ò◊≈Â≈ ’¡˙ ’¡˙ Í∞ ’ ≈ «‘≈ √∆¢ (⁄ÒÁ≈)
√’≈ ÂØ ∫ Óß ◊ ’∆Â∆ ˛ «’ ¿π ‘ Í≈«’√Â≈È Á∆¡ª ‹∂Ò∑ª «Ú⁄ √Û ‘∂ Ì≈Â∆¡ª Á∂ Í«Ú≈ª Á∆ √≈ ÒÚ∂Õ ¿πÈ∑ª Íø‹≈Ï Á∂ Óπæ÷ ÓßÂ∆ Íz’≈Ù «√ßÿ Ï≈ÁÒ ˘ «¬√ Á∂Ù Ì◊ Á∆ ÔØ◊ ÓæÁÁ Ò¬∆ Ï∂ÈÂ∆ ’∆Â∆ ˛Õ «¬ß‹: «√æË» È∂ «’‘≈ «’ Ó∂≈ «Úß◊ Íø‹≈Ï √’≈ ÂØ ∫ «¬√ Á∂ Ù Ì◊ ˘ ÍÀ È ÙÈ Ò◊Ú≈¿π‰ Ò¬∆ ÔÂÈ ’∂◊≈Õ
◊ØÍ≈Ò Á≈√ ˘ ’∂∫Á √’≈ A ’ØÛ πͬ∂ Á∆ √‘≈«¬Â≈ Á∂Ú-∂ «¬ß‹ «√æË»
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June 16, 2011
www.diversityreporter.com
New research shows skilled immigrants help companies grow globally and locally New numbers back up the business case for hiring skilled immigrants. The Toronto Region Immigrant Employment Council (TRIEC) engaged EKOS to survey employers about their hiring practices of newcomers. According to the results, one in five employers has hired a skilled immigrant to help them expand globally and locally, and feels that employees with international education and experience are effective in helping them meet their business goals.
for steel rolling mills, 99 per cent of sales are international. More than 80 per cent of employees are immigrants, hired in engineering, technology and sales roles. Customers can call and expect to speak to someone who knows their language. With a retention rate of 98 per cent, it’s obvious
Samtack With over 90 per cent of its 100-plus workforce comprised of immigrants, this computer manufacturing and distribution company has leveraged skilled immigrant talent to respond to changing needs of mass merchant customers; to increase
Among the key research findings: * Almost 1 in 5 have hired a skilled immigrant: * To help diversify their company’s client base globally; and of these, 93% feel the skilled immigrants hired have been effective on helping on this front * To target local cultural communities to find new business opportunities; and of these, 83% feel the skilled immigrants hired have been effective in helping on this front * 1 in 10 have hired a skilled immigrant because they discovered that competitors were benefiting from hiring skilled immigrants – * of those employers, 81% feel the skilled immigrants hired have been effective “This research confirms that hiring immigrants to expand into local and global markets can be an effective business strategy for employers,” says Elizabeth McIsaac, TRIEC’s executive director. “We know there is a strong business case for employing skilled immigrants and these findings prove it.” Companies that are already reaping the benefits Phoenix Geophysics Phoenix Geophysics Limited, a geophysical manufacturing and contracting company, sells to over 80 countries in the world. Half of the company’s business is in China and another 20 per cent is in Russia. Phoenix hires “market makers,” skilled immigrants who can help the company open up new opportunities in their home countries. The company boasts 51 employees from 20 countries who speak 15 languages. George Kelk For George Kelk, a producer of sensors
that immigrant employees feel their skills market share with smaller, local and diare put to good use. verse retailers; and to purchase parts from overseas suppliers, mainly from China. Thales Canada In Thales Canada’s Toronto office, staff About the research build “brains for trains” – technology EKOS surveyed 461 employers in the that allows trains to run without operators. With 90 per cent of its business in the global marketplace, Thales systematically targets and cultivates internationally trained professionals to ensure its position as a leader in transportation systems worldwide. The company stands apart for its 95 per cent retention rate.
Greater Toronto Area. There was a fairly even split between large and small businesses. Close to 40 per cent of businesses polled had over 100 staff, with 30 per cent having between one and four; close to 30 per cent employed between five and 100 staff. All respondents were either employed full-time or self-employed (and employed at least another employee), and had either primary or shared responsibility for hiring. Of the employers polled, close to 60 per cent were private; close to 30 per cent were public; and just over 10 per cent were non-government organizations. The employers represented a broad range of sectors. The biggest portion of employers, at 15 per cent, was from the professional, scientific and technical services sector. Another 12 per cent were from the finance and insurance, real estate and renting and leasing sectors. About TRIEC TRIEC creates and champions solutions to better integrate skilled immigrants in the Greater Toronto Region labour market. For more information visit www.triec.ca.
Victoria Restaurant Guide
Questrade Questrade has been ranked as Canada’s fastest growing online brokerage. When half of the employees are immigrants, it’s clear that the company’s rapid success is tied to its skilled immigrant advantage. The majority of Questrade’s work is in e-development and innovation, and the majority of the technology team is comprised of visible minorities or immigrants - or both. Staff collectively speak more than 35 languages and have grown most of their business within local immigrant communities.
Indian Food Market 4011 Quadra St, Unit #8 250-479-8884 Philippines-Oriental Village Manila Express, 3185 Quadra St. (250) 386-6525
Sookjai Thai 893 Fort Street, V8W 1H6 (250) 383-9945 Siam Thai 512 Fort Street, V8W 1E6 (250) 383-9911 King & Thai Restaurant 1109 McKenzie Street, V8V 2W1 (250) 360-1615 India Curry House 102-506 Fort Street (250) 361-9000 My Thai Cafe 1020 Cook Street, V8V 3Z5 (250) 472-7574 Sod-Sai Thai 1692 Douglas Street, V8W 2G6 (250) 388-9517 Sura 1696 Douglas Street, V8W 2G6 (250) 385-7872 Cafe Ceylon
104 -1175 Cook St.V8V 4A1 (250) 388-4949. Kuku’s 24 Burnside Road West, V9A 1B3 (778) 430-5858 Santiago`s Cafe 660 Oswego Street, V8V 4W9 (250) 388-7376 Real Taste of India 766 Fort Street, Victoria 250-477-8883
Cafe Mexico 1425 Store Street, V8W 3C6 (250) 386-1425 La Fiesta Cafe 12 – 1001 Douglas Street, V8W 2C5 (250) 383-6622 Green Leaf Bistro 1684 Douglas Street, V8W 2G6 (250) 590-8302 Kim’s Vietnamese Restaurant 748 Johnson Street, V8W 1N1 (250) 385-0455 Beirut Express 787 Fort Street, V8W 1G9 (250) 590-3005 Mama Rosie’s Philipino Restaurant 10153 Resthaven Drive, Sidney, (250) 656-7671
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Ash-Abhi are not performing at IIFA 2011 The grapevine was abuzz with news that the Bachchans were patching up with the International Indian Film Academy (IIFA), and that Abhishek Bachchan and Aishwarya would perform at the event in Toronto too. But Junior Bachchan has slammed the news. “Just to clarify... Neither Aishwarya nor I will be performing or attending IIFA Toronto. Classic case of jumping the gun!” Abhishek posted on his Twitter page. Abhi’s dad Amitabh Bachchan had been the brand ambassador of the IIFA awards since their inception in 2000, but last year, he couldn’t attend the event in Sri Lanka, and the concept of a brand ambassador itself was dropped. Big B had earlier clarified that he would not be attending the event this year too. “Not coming to Toronto IIFA... IIFA says my services are not required,” he had tweeted.
Who is Coming to Toronto? The green carpet will be sparkling with the best and brightest of Indian Cinema when the Videocon d2H IIFA Weekend kicks off in Toronto from June 23-25, 2011. The spectacular three-day event features the IIFA Film Festival, IIFA World Premiere presented by Infiniti, the FICCI Global Business Forum, IIFA Music Workshop, IIFA Rocks presented by The Bay and the Floriana IIFA Awards. This extraordinary celebration of Indian Cinema and culture is hosted by Government of Ontario and presented by CIBC. For the first time in North America, Indian Cinema fans can see their favourite actors, directors and producers in person, at a variety of events throughout the province of Ontario, and designed to bring the magic of this unique cinematic genre to fans everywhere. IIFA is pleased to welcome the following actors, directors and producers to the CIBC presents 2011 IIFA Celebrations in Toronto: Vikas Bahl; Arjan Bajwa; Bipasha Basu; Vishal Bharadwaj; Priyanka Chopra; Bobby Deol; Esha Deol; Sunny Deol; Ritesh Deshmukh; Dharmendra; Neha Dhupia; Boman Irani; Javed Jaffery; Karan Johar; Anil Kapoor; Neetu Kapoor; Rajiv Kapoor; Randhir Kapoor; Rishi Kapoor; Arbaaz Khan; Fardeen Khan; Malaika Arora Khan; Sonail Khan; Zayed Khan; Madhavan; Hema Malini; Dia Mirza; Dino Morea; Kangana Ranaut; Shankar-Eshaan-Loy; Mallika Sherawat; Shilpa Shetty; Ranveer Singh; Shatrughan Sinha; Sonakshi Sinha; Ramesh Sippy; Sonu Sood; Arshad Warsi; Preity Zinta The Floriana IIFA Awards is the most prestigious ceremony honouring excellence in Indian Cinema. 22,000 people will see the spectacular and presentation ceremony live at the Rogers Centre in Toronto, with a broadcast audience of nearly 700 million viewers worldwide.
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June 16, 2011
Special Feature
India’s Food Failures An Indian journalist asks why the world’s second-largest food producer still has the highest number of people ravaged by hunger
By Sarosh Bana Executive Editor, Business India, and East-West Center alumnus
I
ndia’s failure in agriculture is coming under increased scrutiny as soaring food inflation ravages the common man and cripples household incomes. Spiraling food bills were the focus of both the Union Budget and the Economic Survey this year. Dwelling at length on the farm dilemma in his Budget speech, Finance minister Pranab Mukherjee said: “The recent spurt in food prices was driven by increases in the prices of items like fruits and vegetables, milk, meat, poultry and fish, which account for more than 70 per cent of the wholesale price index (WPI) basket for primary food items.” The problem is as much of a shortfall as it is of supply and distribution bottlenecks. Simple arithmetic dictates that if two decades ago, an output of 176.39 million tonnes fed, or nearly did, a population of 849.75 million, the present numbers of 1.2 billion would need yields of at least 250 million tonnes. The 1.42 per cent CAGR – compounded annual growth rate - in foodgrains has trailed behind the 1.66 per cent CAGR of the population. Oilseeds have trundled along at 1.14 per cent, with pulses, the staple for a large cross-section of the population, actually dipping 0.23 per cent. For four consecutive years from 200506 to 2008-09, foodgrain production registered a rising trend when a cycle of good monsoons over those years led to yields scaling a record 234.47 million tonnes in 2008-09. Long spells of drought in various parts of the country the following year diminished production to 218.19 million tonnes, but no one anticipated the decline to flare up food prices as they did. With foodgrain production rising to 232.07 million tonnes in 2010-11, wheat is estimated to achieve record production (of 81.47 million tonnes), pulses (of 16.51 million tonnes) and cotton (of 33.93 million bales of 170 kg. each). Mukherjee, however, acknowledged that despite improvement in the availability of most food items, consumers were denied the benefit of seasonal fall in prices normally seen in winter months. “There are shortcomings in distribution and marketing, which are getting accentuated by the growing demand for these food items with rising income levels,” he observed. “The huge differences between wholesale and retail prices and between markets in different parts of the country are just not acceptable.” He said these differences were at the expense of remunerative prices for farmers and competitive prices for consumers. His concerns were justified. At one stage, vegetable prices soared by almost 60 per cent, and this in a country whose population of 1.2 billion is largely vegetarian proved grim indeed. People are vegetarian out of both choice and compulsion, vegetables traditionally selling
cheaper than meats and poultry. While initially it was the onion’s threefold price increase that hit the consumers, a tardy government response helped push up the cost of eggs, meat and fish by 21 per cent, and fruits and milk by nearly 20 per cent. This was alarming, considering that foodgrain WPI had shown a single digit growth, largely below 5 per cent, throughout the last 13 years. Even the devastating famine of 2002-03, when foodgrain production plummeted to 174.2 million tonnes from 212 million the year before, had not hurt the consumer as much, as the government had then managed to control the food prices. A paradox of plenty amid debasing malnutrition It is a vicious cocktail of a weak purchasing power that denies nutrition to the masses, and a systems failure in tackling supply side challenges. Per capita income in India is Rs44,345 ($985), compared to China’s $6,700. So while the country ranks first in world milk production, at 108.5 million tonnes, per capita availability of milk is but 258 grams per day, in contrast to the world average of 265. India is also the world’s largest producer of cashew nuts, coconuts, tea, ginger, turmeric and black pepper, the second largest producer of wheat, rice, sugar, groundnut and inland fish, and the third largest producer of tobacco. It also has the largest cattle population, of 281 million, and accounts for a tenth of the world fruit production, while being the foremost producer of banana and sapota (chiku). The situation is thus a paradox of plenty across a landscape of debasing malnutrition. What is worrisome is that increasing yields over the past many years, barring sporadic declines, are not rendering food progressively affordable. Many hence laughed off the finance minister’s assertion that “agriculture development is central to our growth strategy”. Though India’s economy has raced ahead at a frenetic 7.5 to 9.6 per cent, agricultural growth has foundered at 3 per cent, at times a little above that, often below, but largely short of the targeted 4 per cent. Signalling a “crisis of stagnation in agriculture”, the Planning Commission had, in 2006, postulated putting agriculture on a growth path of 4 per cent for the on-going 11th Five Year Plan (2007-12). Urging for a ‘new deal’ that would kindle ‘hope’ for farming, the Commission had prescribed such growth to be attained through spurring demand for farm produce matched with the supply side response based on productivity improvements. The Economic Survey notes that during the first three years of the 11th Plan, agriculture and allied sectors recorded an average 2.03 per cent growth. While this growth in the first year, 2007-08, was an impressive 5.8 per cent, it was negative the following two years. It registered -0.1 per cent in 2008-09, though this was a year of a record harvest. This decline has been attributed pri-
marily to dwindling production of such crops as sugarcane, oilseeds, cotton, jute and mesta (raw material for jute production). In 2009-10, despite experiencing the worst south-west monsoon since 1972 and a subsequent fall in kharif foodgrain production (the autumn harvest, also known as the summer or monsoon crop), growth marginally recovered to 0.4 per cent mainly due to a good rabi crop (spring harvest, also known as the ‘winter crop’). “Things are looking bright in the current year with a relatively good monsoon and the agriculture sector is expected to grow 5.4 per cent as per the 2010-11 advance estimates,” said the Economic Survey. The 4 per cent targeted growth across the 11th Plan would nevertheless be unattainable, as it would require to grow by 8.5 per cent during 2011-12 to surmount the average growth of 2.87 per cent in the previous four years of the Plan. Sure, it is an arduous task to expand the bread basket in a manner commensurate with the surge in numbers. But it is disturbing that despite emerging from the disgrace of food scarcity to an era of self-sufficiency and surpluses, India has around the same proportion – 24 per cent – of undernourished people as it did two decades ago. In an unprecedented intervention last year, the Supreme Court had directed the government to release decaying wheat stocks for the hungry rather than have them rot completely. Contesting the ruling, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh contended that to implement it would hurt the interests of the farmers by denying them remuneration for their produce. Poor handling of produce causes phenomenal post-harvest losses – of 10 per cent in foodgrains and 40 per cent in fruits and vegetables – distancing gross production from net availability to the consumer. “The fact that calorie deprivation is increasing when the rural BPL – below poverty line - population is claimed to be declining rapidly, highlights the increasing disconnect between official poverty estimates and calorie deprivation,” says a recent report of the UN’s World Food Programme. The Prime Minister has urged for reforms to strengthen the public distribution system (PDS) to prevent any diversion of foodgrains and to curb errors in identifying BPL and AAY – antyodaya anna yojana - families. Antyodaya anna yojana, which literally means ‘food programme for the last man in the queue’, is a subsidised food supply scheme for the poorest of the poor who constitute about 15 per cent of the BPL population, itself estimated at 37.2 per cent of India’s overall population. The question that this malaise compels is: Has India’s Agriculture failed its people? Despite its sheen of a rampaging economy, India is a predominantly agrarian country. As one of the world’s largest agrarian economies, India’s farm sector accounts for 14.6 per cent of the GDP
www.diversityreporter.com and contributes 10.6 per cent of total exports. Notwithstanding the fact that its share in GDP has been declining over the years – from 29.76 per cent in 1993-94 to 1995-96 and 23.15 per cent in 200102 to 2002-03 to 19 per cent in 2004-05 and to 15.7 per cent in 2008-09 - its role remains critical as it provides livelihood to 58 per cent of the workforce. Agriculture minister roused high expectations Whereas overall GDP has grown by an average of 8.62 per cent during 2004-05 to 2010-11, agricultural sector GDP has risen by only 3.46 per cent during the same period. Apart from the enormous employment it generates, the farm sector is a supplier of food, fodder and raw materials for a vast segment of industry. Its growth is hence vital for ‘inclusive growth’. This is more so because the rural sector (including agriculture) is being increasingly seen as a potential source of domestic demand, a recognition that is even shaping the marketing strategies of entrepreneurs wishing to widen the demand for goods and services. Considering the cross-section of the public that it touches and the influence it wields on the economy at large, India’s Agriculture ministry has a pivotal role to play. Hence, Sharad Pawar’s nomination as the Agriculture minister in May 2004 had roused high expectations for the country’s listing farm sector. Here was an unalloyed son of the soil who was lionised for championing the cause of the farmers’ cooperative movement in the industrialised state of Maharashtra, in western India, and for his keen understanding of the tillers’ problems. That apart, his wide-ranging involvement with the farm sector included his founding of the Agriculture Development Trust in his pocket borough of Baramati, near Pune, and his lifetime chairmanship of the Vasantdada Sugar Institute, also near Pune. Pawar has served in the past as Defence minister before assuming the portfolio of Agriculture & Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution. Having reigned over this ministry for the first full five-year term of the UPA government, he retained the portfolio when the Congress-led alliance was reelected to power in May 2009. Thereafter he approached the Prime Minister twice with the request to “reduce (his) burden”. Thus, in the Cabinet reshuffle of 19 January, he was divested of his responsibility over Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution. However, just months earlier, Pawar had endorsed his ministerial role to this writer during an interview at his Krishi Bhavan office in New Delhi. He clarified that his federal – or Union or Central, as it is termed in India - ministry’s role was that of a facilitator and regulator, as Agriculture is a State subject and hence the responsibility of the State governments. His ministry enunciated approaches, formulated demands, set targets, provided guidance, developed agricultural industries, including machinery, fertilisers and seeds, and conducted research. Nevertheless, he said, the Central government was assisting the States by formulating schemes and programmes to meet national food security and to generate livelihood for millions of farmers. Among his achievements that he listed were flagship schemes like the Rash-
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There must be something amiss in a country that is the world’s second largest producer of food, behind Brazil, but has the largest number of people ravaged by hunger and starvation
triya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY, the National Agriculture Development Programme) and the National Food Security Mission (NFSM) that were launched to stimulate investment in the sector and to enhance production and productivity. He added that missions for horticulture, bamboo, and micro-irrigation too have been launched. Budgetary allocation to RKVY has been increased from Rs6,755 crore ($1.5 billion) in 2010-11 to Rs7,860 crore ($1.7 billion) in 2011-12. “We had record foodgrain production in 2008-09,” he pointed out. “Notwithstanding the severe drought of 2009, where there was 23 per cent rainfall deficiency, agriculture and allied sector GDP rose 0.2 per cent in 2009-10.” To make farming remunerative on a sustainable basis, his ministry had hiked the Minimum Support Prices (MSPs) of major cereals from 49 to 78 per cent and of pulses and oilseeds, to 83 per cent over the last five years. As regards the menacing price spiral, Pawar deemed it a global phenomenon and hardly unique to India. “India’s robust economic growth is driving demand for foodgrains, while the cost of cultivation and production is also going up,” he said. “As in the case of pulses, rising international prices too have contributed to the price spiral.” Surging feed and fodder costs have raised milk prices, whereas increased MSPs and rising demand have pushed up prices of rice and wheat. There were also production losses in the case of rice due to the poor monsoon the year before, he added. Steps were being taken, he indicated, to safeguard vulnerable sections as with the issue price of foodgrains from the Central pool that has been kept constant since 2004, despite higher costs of production and procurement. Additional allocations were also being made through the public distribution system to provide relief to the poor. Food distribution system riddled with infirmities Ravi Shankar Prasad, a legal luminary who is also general secretary of the opposition Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), says farming is in a quandary because of mismanagement of the food economy by not only the Agriculture minister, but also the Prime Minister, who is an acknowledged economist. “How is it that a food economy of surplus under our previous BJPled National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government is converted now into a food economy of scarcity?” he asks. “The present government stands for the middleman, thereby shortchanging the farmers and taxing the consumers.” Devinder Sharma, chairman of New Delhi’s Forum for Biotechnology and Food Security, deems it “quite natural” to weigh the performance of Pawar, especially when agriculture is passing through a turbulent period. But he too feels Pawar is not alone to be blamed. “The government as a whole is responsible for turning a blind eye to the paradox of plenty -- food rotting in storage while millions go to bed hungry,” he says. “Manmohan
Singh’s rebuff to the Supreme Court only shows how indifferent the political leadership is to ground realities.” Agriculture secretary Prabeer Kumar Basu says that as a country, India has done well in agriculture. “A record production of wheat was attained last year, despite ranfall deficiency across 334 of the country’s 604 districts,” he notes. He nonetheless acknowledges a gap of 2 to 3 million tonnes in pulses, which are a staple for the poor. Only 65.55 million tonnes of pulses are projected to be realised of the 76 million tonnes targeted under the 11th Plan (2007-12). Basu maintains that as an administrator, he would concentrate on distribution as this problem was critical. “This of course calls for enormous investments, but nowhere in the world does the government set up a distribution network on its own,” he asserts. “At the same time, nowhere in the world does a government operate a public distribution system (PDS) on such an extensive scale as ours.” With reference to leakage from the PDS, Pawar explains that his ministry’s responsibility extends to transporting foodgrains upto the district headquarters. “From then on, the onus is on the respective State governments to reach out to targeted households through the fair price shops,” he mentions. “While the Centre handles the procurement, storage, transportation and bulk allocation of foodgrains, the States distribute them through networks of fair price shops to families below poverty line that they need to identify and issue BPL cards to.” State governments are also responsible for issuing ration cards, weeding out ghost ration cards, supervising and monitoring the functioning of these shops, and prosecuting the errant. One wonders what would have happened if the Green Revolution of half a century ago had not taken place. Launched to improve productivity and benefit farmers, this landmark initiative synergised technology, services, public policy and farmers’ entrepreneurship. The strategy intensified cropping methodologies and agro-scientists contributed by developing high yielding varieties and hybrids. Irrigation outlays increased and farmers were given credit to invest in irrigation systems like tube-wells. This led to a breakthrough in the productivity and production of rice and wheat through the ‘70s and ‘80s, and India became self-sufficient in foodgrains. It was at this time that the scheme of minimum support prices was introduced to ensure a baseline guaranteed income for the farmers. This integrated programme has made India the world’s fifth largest edible oil economy. Last year’s turnover of vegetable oils was $18 billion (Rs81,000 crore) and export and import of oilseeds, oils and related products were worth $6.6 billion (Rs29,700 crore). But though the area under oilseeds has increased from 19 million hectares (mha) (47.5 million acres) in 1986 to 27 mha (67.5 million
acres) to date and production from 10.83 million to 28.2 million tonnes, with average productivity of oilseed crops almost doubling from 570 to 1,000 kg per hectare (2.5 acres), India’s productivity levels are still only half the world average and a third of the world’s best. Since 2000-01, production of oilseeds grew 4.7 per cent per annum, but edible oil consumption increased at 6.5 per cent. “Oilseed productivity is lower than the global average owing to poor quality seeds, low access to inputs, poor farming practices and the fact that much of India’s oilseed crop is cultivated in unirrigated areas,” explains Rabo India analyst Pawan Kumar. Pawar falsifies the assumption that farm yields are universally very low despite the many agriculture universities and research centres. “In fact, yields for wheat, rice, fruits and vegetables in several States are comparable to the best in the world,” he says. “However, since a large part of the country is still rainfed, average yields in many crops tend to be lower.” High arable area, low yields India’s original Green Revolution has now lost its colour and its second avatar has yet to materialise. As production and inventories grew under that programme, complacency set in. Government investments in the farm sector declined steadily through the next two decades. Yields and production stagnated and foodgrain production grew at less than one per cent on an annualised basis over the last decade. Almost half – 159 million hectares (mha), or 397 million acres - of India’s territorial area of 328 mha (820 million acres) is arable, the largest after the United States’ 167 mha (417.5 million acres). But while 48.5 per cent of India’s land is cultivable, in the U.S. it is only 18.2 per cent, in China, 16.13 per cent, and Brazil, 7.82 per cent. Yet, the yield of paddy in India is just 3,303 kg per hectare (2.5 acres) compared to China’s 6,422 kg, Brazil’s 3,826 and the world average of 4,233 kg. India’s wheat yields are better, being 2,704 kg compared with Canada’s 2,322 kg, the US’s 2,705 kg and the world’s 2,829 kg. In sugarcane, Indian yields are 72,555 kg per hectare, while those in Egypt are 119,557 kg, Guatemala, 88,630 kg and globally, 69,998 kg. Value addition to raw food material in India is a measly seven per cent, in contrast to 23, 45 and 188 per cent in China, the Philippines and the U.K. respectively. India processes less than two per cent of fruits and vegetables as compared to 30 per cent in Thailand and 80 per cent in Malaysia. Terming India’s food situation as ‘real bad’, Dr. Lux Lakshmanan, Director of the Agriculture Consulting Service, of Davis, California, regrets it is unlikely to improve in the foreseeable future. A consultant in crop production to California farmers, Lakshmanan has set up a centre in Chennai in south India where educated youth are trained to become agriculture entrepreneurs who will use modern
crop production technologies and tools. India’s agriculture will need to evolve in a manner that meets the requirements of the officially projected population boom, to 1.33 billion by 2020 and to 1.4 billion by 2026. But there is no silver bullet, no single solution for the problem. At the same time, it is clear that the country cannot continue to be beset with low productivity and growth. Indian farmers are vulnerable because of two primary factors. One relates to their small holdings that tie them in a low income trap, restraining any credible investment of their income or surplus in land productivity. Secondly, 60 per cent of agriculture is still dependent on the rains; if the rains fail or there are unfavourable variations in rain or other climatic factors, then crops suffer. Though irrigation is critical to sustaining food security, it has not fared too well. Only 35.8 per cent of India’s cropland is irrigated, the balance relying on rain. Though the Rs90,000 crore (about $20 billion) outlay on irrigation under the 10th Plan (2002-07) was used up, the potential created was only half of the proposed 16 million has (40 million acres). The same target has been set for the 11th Plan>and Rs116,480.895 crore ($25.9 billion) apportioned, but even the most optimistic appraisals anticipate no more than 12 million has (30 million acres) being added. There is a strong lobby for increasing the application of chemical fertilisers for raising crop yields, India already being only the third - behind China and the US - in fertiliser production and consumption. Per hectare consumption of fertilisers in nutrient terms has increased from 105.5 kg in 2005-06 to 128.6 kg at present. There is the view that ‘exploitative agriculture’ – one that uses maximum chemical pesticides and mineral fertilisers - offers little chance for conservation farming that lays stress on the sustainable management of soil and water and involves soil health enhancement. “While the need to maximise crop yields to meet the growing demand for foodgrains is critical, we have to sustain agricultural productivity in the long run,” the Union budget notes. “To address these issues, the government proposes to promote organic farming methods, combining modern technology with traditional farming practices like green manuring, biological pest control and weed management.” A balanced approach is thus crucial to sustain yields. Government initiatives for a turnaround In pursuit of the call for a ‘Second Green Revolution’, the government has a four-pronged strategy targeting 4 per cent growth by augmenting production, reducing wastage of produce, expanding credit support to farmers and boosting the food processing sector. Continued on page 2.
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