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250-477-8883 Authentic East Indian cuisine

Wednesday, January 26, 2011

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RELIGION...

Page 14 Kirpan vs Quebec

766 Fort Street Victoria (between Douglas and Blanshard)

Have Camera, Will Travel Portrait Mosaic To Mark Canada’s 150th Birthday

BOOKS...

Page 12 Made in Kashmir A New Novel

Ó≈√±Ó «ÁÒ √ÈÕ ¿π‘Ȫ 鱧 Òæ«◊¡≈ «’ ÒØ’ ‘π‰ ¿π‘Ȫ 鱧 «¬æ‹Â Ì∆¡ª Șª È≈Ò È‘∆∫ Á∂÷‰◊∂Õ Ï≈‘ Ú≈Ò∂ ª ’∆,

MOVIES...

Page 6 “Cow” in Victoria

ÿ Ú≈Ò∂ Ú∆ ¿π‘Ȫ È±ß Ï‘π Âß◊ ’È◊∂Õ ÁØÚ∂∫ ¤Ø‡∆ ¿πÓ Á∂ √È, «¬√ ’’∂ Ó≈Ô±√ ‘Ø ◊¬∂Õ «Î ÁØÚª È∂ «¬’ ÎÀ√Ò≈ ’∆Â≈Õ ÁØÚ∂∫ «‹æÒ Ì∆ «˜ßÁ◊∆ ÂØ∫ «’È≈≈ ’’∂ ÓΩÂ È±ß ◊Ò∂ Ò◊≈¿π‰ Ò¬∆ ¿π√ ‘È∂∆ ≈ «Ú⁄ ´’Á∂-´’≈¿π∫Á∂ ⁄ß◊Ø≈Ì≈·≈ Í‘πß⁄ ◊¬ÀÕ ÁØÚ∂∫ ÁπÈ∆¡≈ ˘ Áæ√ Á∂‰≈ ⁄≈‘πßÁ∂ √È «’ «Í¡≈ ’Á∆ ÓÁ≈ È‘∆∫, ÏÒ«’ ¡Ó ‘Ø ‹ªÁ≈ ˛Õ

¡⁄≈È’ Íπ«Ò√ √‡∂ÙÈ «’√∂ È∂∂ √±⁄È≈ «ÁæÂ∆ «’ «¬’ ÒÛ’∂ ¡Â∂ ÒÛ’∆ È∂ Ϊ√∆ Ò◊≈ ’∂ ¡≈ÂÓ ‘æ«Â¡≈ ’ Ò¬∆Õ √±⁄È≈ «ÓÒÁ∂ ‘∆ Íπ«Ò√ ÿ‡È≈ √Ê≈È Â∂ Í‘πß⁄∆Õ ¿πÊ∂ ’≈Î∆ Ì∆Û √∆Õ Íπ«Ò√ È∂ Ï∆’∆ È≈Ò ÁØ Ú ∂ ∫ Ò≈Ùª Á≈ Óπ ¡ ≈«¬Èª ’∆Â≈Õ Ùπ±¡≈Â∆ ‹ª⁄ «Ú⁄ ÍÂ≈ Òæ«◊¡≈ «’ «¬’ AC-AD √≈Ò Á∆ ÒÛ’∆ √∆, ‹Ø ‹≈Ó‰∆ ß◊ Á≈ ‡± Í∆√ Í≈¬∆ ÍÀª «Ú⁄ ’≈Ò∂ ß◊ Á∂ ÈÚ∂∫ √À∫‚Ò Í≈ ’∂ ¡≈¬∆ √∆Õ Á±‹≈ «ÓzÂ’ ’∆Ï √ØÒª √Â≈ª √≈Ò Á≈ ÒÛ’≈ √∆Õ ß◊ ◊Ø≈ ¡Â∂ √∆ Â∂ È∆Ò∂ ‹ß◊ Á∆ ‹∆È√ ¡Â∂ Í∆Ò∂ ß◊ Á∆ ÎπæÒ ‡∆-Ù‡ Í«‘È∆ √∆Õ «Óz  ’≈ Á∆ ͤ≈‰ √≈«’≈ Á∂Úª◊È ¡Â∂ «ÓzÂ’ Á∆ Ï߇∆ Ô≈ÁÚ Á∂ ±Í «Ú⁄ ‘ج∆Õ ÁØÚ∂ª ‘∆ Ì∆Ó È◊ Á∂ «‘‰ Ú≈Ò∂ √ÈÕ Íπ«Ò√ È∂ Ê≈‰∂ «Ú⁄ «ÓzÂ’ª Ò¬∆ Íø⁄È≈Ó≈ ÌÈ ÂØ∫ Ï≈¡Á Ò≈Ùª 鱧 ÍØ√‡ Ó≈‡Ó Ò¬∆ Ì∂‹ «ÁæÂ≈Õ «ÓzÂ’≈ √≈«’≈ Á∂Úª◊È Á∂ «ÍÂ≈ ÷∂ÓÒ≈Ò Á∂Úª◊È Ó±Ò ÂΩ Â∂ ≈‹ÈªÁ «Íø‚ Á∂ «‘‰ Ú≈Ò∂ √È, Í ’≈Î∆ ¡√∂ ÂØ∫ ¤æÂ∆√◊Û∑ Á∆ ≈‹Ë≈È∆ Á∂ Ì∆Ó È◊ «¬Ò≈’∂ «Ú⁄ «’≈¬∂ Á∂ Ó’≈È «Ú⁄ «‘ßÁ∂ √ÈÕ ¿π‘ Í∂Ù∂ ÂØ∫ Á‹∆ ‘ÈÕ ¿π‘Ȫ Á∆ ÍÂÈ∆ Ò’ÙÓ∆ Ï≈¬∆ Ú∆ «’√∂ Íz≈¬∆Ú∂‡ ’ßÍÈ∆ «Ú⁄ ’ßÓ ’Á∆ ˛Õ

Sikh Kirpans: Quebec Demonizes Minorities To Further Separatist Agenda (See Page 14)

ÁØÚ∂∫ ⁄ÒÁ∂-⁄ÒÁ∂ ÊØÛ∑∆ Á± «¬æË ¿πË Á∆¡ª ◊æÒª ’Á∂ ‘∂Õ «¬√∂ ÁΩ≈È √≈«’≈ È∂ Áæ«√¡≈ «’ ¿π√Á≈ Ȫ √≈«’≈ ˛ ¡Â∂ ¤∂Ú∆∫ ’Ò≈√ «Ú⁄ ÍÛ∑Á∆ ˛Õ ª √≈«’≈ Á≈ ÿ ¡≈ «◊¡≈, ¿π ‘ ÏØ Ò ∆, ËßÈÚ≈Á, ÓÀ鱧 «¬æÊ∂ ‘∆ ¤æ‚ «Á˙Õ Ï߇∆ È∂ ¿π√鱧 ÿ Á∂ ⁄ϱÂ∂ ”Â∂ ¤æ‚ «ÁæÂ≈Õ ¿π‘ ⁄ϱÂ∂ Â∂ ÷Û∑∆ ‘Ø ’∂ ¡≈͉∂ Ú≈Òª 鱧 fi≈ÛÈÒæ◊∆Õ Ï߇∆ ‘≈Ò∂ Ú∆ ¿πÊ∂ ‘∆ ÷«Û∑¡≈ √∆Õ ¿π√Á∂ Ú≈Òª ÂØ∫ Í≈‰∆ Á∆¡≈ ϱßÁª ÓØ Â ∆ ω ’∂ «‚æ ◊ ‘∆¡ª √ÈÕ «⁄‘∂ Â∂ Í≈‰∆ Á∆¡ª ϱßÁª ¡√Ó≈È «Ú⁄ «Ú¤∆ ⁄ªÁÈ∆ Úª◊ √πßÁ Òæ◊ ‘∆¡ª √ÈÕ ¿π√Á∂ √ªÚÒ∂ √∆ Â∂ «√ ÂØ∫ ÍÀª Âæ’ «È÷≈ ¡≈ «◊¡≈ √∆Õ «¬√ ’π Á Â∆ √π ‘ æ Í ‰ È∂ ¿π √ ȱ ß ‘Ø  ÷±Ï√± ω≈ «ÁæÂ≈√∆Õ Ï߇∆ ¿π√鱧 «√ ÂØ∫ ÍÀª Âæ’ Á∂÷Á≈ «‘≈Õ «¬‘ Á∂ ÷ ’∂ √≈«’≈ Óπ √ ’≈¬∆ ¡Â∂ «’‘≈, ’∆ Á∂÷ ‘∂ ‘Ø? Ï߇∆ «¬’ ◊∆Ï Í«Ú≈ È≈Ò √ÏßË æ÷Á≈ √∆Õ ¿π√Á∂ Í«Ú≈ «Ú⁄ ’πæÒ I ÓÀ∫Ï √È, «‹‘Ȫ «Ú⁄Ø∫ ÁØ ÌÀ‰ª Á≈ «Ú¡≈‘ ‘Ø ¸æ’≈ √∆Õ √æ ÓÀ∫Ï «¬’ ‘∆ ’Ó∂ Á∂ Ó’≈È «Ú⁄ «‘ßÁ∂ √ÈÕ ≈Â È±ß ‹ÁØ∫ Ï߇∆ ÷≈ ’∂ ˜Ó∆È Â∂ «Ï√Â «Ú¤≈ ’∂ «Í¡≈ ¿πÁØ∫ Ï≈’∆ ÓÀ∫Ï ‡∆. Ú∆. Á∂÷ ‘∂ √ÈÕ

«◊¡≈Õ «¬æË √≈«’≈ ¡≈͉∆ √‘∂Ò∆ È≈Ò ‘≈√≈-Ó˜≈’ ’Á∂ √’±Ò ÂØ∫ ÿ ÚæÒ ‹≈ ‘∆ √∆Õ Ï߇∆ Á∆ Ș ¿π√ Â∂ ͬ∆, ª ¿π‘ ¿π‘Ȫ ÁØÚª ÂØ∫ ÊØÛ∑≈ ¡æ◊∂ ‘Ø ’∂ √≈¬∆’Ò Â∂ ÏÀ·∂ ÏÀ· Ú≈ Ú≈ ÓπÛ ’∂ √≈«’≈ ÚæÒ Á∂÷‰ Òæ«◊¡≈Õ √≈«’≈ «¬√ ÂØ∫ ¡‰‹≈‰ ◊æÒª «Ú⁄ Ó◊È ‘Ø ’∂ ¡æ◊∂ ¶ÿ ◊¬∆, Í ¿π√Á∆ √‘∂ Ò ∆ ȱ ß Ïß ‡ ∆ Á∆ «¬√ ‘’ Á≈ ¡ßÁ≈˜≈ ‘Ø ¸æ’≈ √∆Õ ¿π‘ ÒÛ’≈ Ú≈ Ú≈ ÓπÛ ’∂ √≈‚∂ ÚæÒ Á∂÷ «‘≈ ˛, ’∆ Âπ√∆∫ «¬√鱧 ‹≈‰Á∆ ‘Ø? Âπ√∆∫ «’√ ÒÛ’∂ Á∆ ◊æÒ ’ ‘∆ ‘ØÕ √≈‚∂ ÚæÒ ÓπÛ ’∂ ª ‘π‰ ’Ø¬∆ Á∂÷ È‘∆∫ «‘≈Õ √≈«’≈ ˛≈È∆ È≈Ò ÏØÒ∆Õ ¿π‘ ÒÛ’≈ ‹ØÒ≈Ò ß◊ Á∆ ‡∆Ù‡ «Ú⁄ ˛, Á∂÷Á∆ «‘ «Î ÓπÛ ’∂ Á∂÷◊ ∂ ≈Õ Ï߇∆ «¬’ Ú≈ «Î Óπ«Û¡≈ ª √≈«’≈ ¿π√È±ß Í¤≈‰ ◊¬∆Õ ¿π√È∂ «‹Ú∂∫ ‘∆ √≈‘Ó‰∂ Á∂÷‰ Á∂ Ò¬∆ ¡≈͉≈ «⁄‘≈ ÿπ ß Ó ≈«¬¡≈, ¿π Á Ø ∫ Âæ ’ ¿π√Á∆ √≈¬∆’Ò √≈‘Ó‰∂ ÂØ∫ ‹≈ ‘∆ «¬’ Ó؇ √≈¬∆’Ò È≈Ò ‡’≈ ⁄πæ’∆ √∆Õ Ó؇ √≈¬∆’Ò √Ú≈ ‘≈Òª«’ ÷πÁ ◊Ò √Â∂ ÂØ∫ ¡≈ «‘≈ √∆, «Î Ú∆ Ï߇∆ Á≈ Ó≈√±Ó ¡Â∂ ÌØÒ≈ «⁄‘≈ Á∂÷ ’∂ ¿π√Á∆¡ª ◊æÒ∑ª Â∂ ˜Ø Á≈ «¬’ ÊæÍÛ Ó≈ ’∂ ÏØ«Ò¡≈, ¡ßÈ∑≈ ‘Ø «◊¡≈? «Á÷≈¬∆ È‘∆∫ «ÁßÁ≈Õ Ï߇∆ ’πfi ÏØÒ È≈ √«’¡≈ ¡Â∂

Òæ◊∆Õ «¬‘∆ ‘≈Ò Ï߇∆ Á≈ Ú∆ √∆Õ ¿π‘ ¿π√Á∂ ȘÁ∆’ ¡≈ ’∂ «ÏȪ «’√∂ ̱«Ó’≈ Á∂ ÏØ«Ò¡≈, ‹∂’ ÓÀ∫ ’‘ª «’ ÓÀ ∫ Âπ ‘ ≈ȱ ß «Í¡≈ ’Á≈ ‘ª ª?√≈«’≈ ȱ ß Ïß ‡ ∆ ÂØ ∫ ¡«‹‘∆ «ÏÒ’πÒ ¿πÓ∆Á È‘∆∆ √∆ Í «¬‘Ȫ ÙÏÁª È∂ ¿π√鱧 ¡≈ÈßÁÓ¬∆ ˜± ’ «ÁæÂ≈ √∆Õ √≈«’≈ ȱ ß Ïß ‡ ∆ ÂØ ∫ ¡«‹‘∆ «ÏÒ’πÒ ¿πÓ∆Á È‘∆∫ √∆, Í «¬‘Ȫ ÙÏÁª È∂ ¿π√鱧 Áπ«⁄æÂ∆ «Ú⁄ Í≈ «ÁæÂ∆Õ ¿π‘ ¡⁄≈È’ ’πfi ÏØÒ È≈ √’∆, ÏÒ«’ ÍÒ Ì Á∂ Ò¬∆ ¿π√ Úæ Ò Á∂ ÷ ‰ Òæ ◊ ∆Õ ¿π ‘ √æ ⁄ Óπ ⁄ ¿π √ Á∂ ÓÈØ Ì ≈Úª ȱ ß ÍÛ∑È Á∆ «¬æ ¤ ≈

ÁØÚ∂∫ ’Á∆ ’Á∆ «ÓÒÁ∂ ª «Í¡≈ Á∆¡ª ◊æÒª ’Á∂Õ Í ¿π‘Ȫ ÁØÚª Á∂ Ï⁄ÍÈ∂ Á∂ ’≈È ¿π‘Ȫ È±ß Ì«Úæ÷ Á≈ ÍÂ≈ È‘∆∫ √∆Õ È≈ ‘∆ ¿π ‘ Ȫ «Ú⁄’≈ «Í¡≈ Á≈ ¡ßÁ∂√≈ √∆Õ «‹Ú∂∫ «‹Ú∂∫ √Óª Ï∆ÂÁ≈ ‹≈ «‘≈ √∆, ¿π‘Ȫ «Ú⁄’≈ Ì≈ÚÈ≈ÂÓ’ «ÙÂ∂ ‘Ø ‚±ßÿ∂ ‘πßÁ∂ ‹≈ ‘∂ √ÈÕ «¬’ «ÁÈ Ù≈Ó Á∂ Ú’Â √≈«’≈ Á∂ «ÍÂ≈ ÷∂ Ó Ò≈Ò Á∂ Ú ª◊È ÍÛΩ √ «Ú⁄ ’«¡≈È∂ Á∆ Áπ’≈È «Ú⁄ ’πfi √Ó≈È ÷∆Á‰ ◊¬∂ ª Áπ’≈ÈÁ≈ ¿π‘Ȫ Á≈ ‘≈Ò ⁄≈Ò Íπæ¤Á∂ ÏØ«Ò¡≈,

÷∂ÓÒ≈Ò ¡æ÷ª «Ú⁄ ¡æ÷ª «ÓÒ≈ ’∂ ÏØ«Ò¡≈, «’√∂ È∂ Ú∆ «’‘≈ ‘ØÚ∂, Í 屧 ˜≈ Â∆’∂ È≈Ò «‘, √Ófi∆Õ √≈«’≈ √Ϙ∆ Á≈ ‡Ø’≈ ÒÀ ’∂ ¡ßÁ ⁄Ò∆ ◊¬∆ ª ¿π√Á∆ ÍÂÈ∆ ÏØÒ∆, «’√∂ È∂ ’πfi «’‘≈ ’∆? ’πfi È‘∆∫, ¿π‘ Ó‘∂Ù ÏØÒ «‘≈ √∆, ¡≈͉∆ ÒÛ’∆ 鱧 ÁÏ≈¡ ’∂ æ÷Õ Ò’ÙÓ∆ ÍÂ∆ Á∆ ◊æ Ò È± ß È˜¡ßÁ≈˜ ’’∂ ÏØÒ∆, «¬‘ Óπ‘æÒ∂ Ú≈«Ò¡ª Á≈ «¬’ Á∆¡ª ÁØ Ï‰≈¿π‰ Á≈ ’ßÓ ˛Õ ¡≈ÁÓ∆ «’√∂ È≈Ò ◊æÒ È‘∆∫ ’∂◊≈, ª ˜πÏ≈È Â∂ «‹ßÁ≈

E

veryone has dreams. Tim Van Horn is living his.

For 27 months the 41-year-old graphic designer has been traveling Canada taking portrait photographs of the country’s people. His goal? To build a photo mosaic of over 25,000 portraits in time for Canada Day 2017, the nation’s 150th anniversary.

“Canada Day, 2017, I will take my last photo for the mosaic....I will have a big mural...somewhere and I will take that last photo and stick it on,” says Van Horn.

“Then I would like to initiate a cross country exhibit from Ottawa.”

◊πßÓ≈‘ ‘Ø«¬¡ª Á≈ ¡ßÂNew Ó≈Û≈ ‘Ø«¬¡≈Helps Youth Program

Continued on page 3.

Gain Skills In The Workplace

«ÓzÂ’≈ AC √≈Ò≈ √≈«’≈ «ÂßÈ Ì≈ÌÀ‰ª «Ú⁄Ø∫ Á±‹∂ ÈßÏ Â∂ √∆ ¡Â∂ ¿π‘ ¤∂Ú∆∫ ’Ò≈√ «Ú⁄ ÍÛ∑Á∆ √∆Õ «ÓzÂ’ Ï߇∆ Ô≈ÁÚ Ó±Ò ÂΩ Â∂ ≈¬∂Íπ Á∂ Ì∆ÓÈ◊ Á≈ «‘‰ Ú≈Ò≈ √∆Õ ¿π√Á∆ ¿πÓ AG √≈Ò √∆Õ ¿π√Á∂ «ÍÂ≈ Á≈ Ȫ ÈßÁ Ô≈ÁÚ ˛, ‹Ø Í∂Ù∂ ÂØ∫ Ó˜Á± ˛Õ «ÓzÂ’ Ï߇∆ Á∂ √æ¤ Ì≈ ÌÀ‰ ‘ÈÕ ¿π‘ √Ì ÂØ∫ ¤Ø‡≈ √∆Õ «ÓzÂ’ Ï߇∆ Ô≈ÁÚ ¡Â∂ «ÓzÂ’≈ √≈«’≈ Á∂ ÿ È∂Û∂ ‘∆ √ÈÕ ¿πÊ∂ È∂Û∂ ‘∆ Ï߇∆ Á∂ ÁØ√ Á≈ ÿ Ú∆ √∆, «‹æÊ∂ ¡’√ ¿π√Á≈ ¡≈¿π‰≈ ‹≈‰≈ √∆Õ «˜¡≈Á≈Â √Ó∂∫ ¿π‘ ¡≈͉∂ ÁØ√ Á∂ ÿ «‘ßÁ≈Õ ¿π√ «ÁÈ Ï≈Ù ‘Ø ‘∆ √∆, ‹ÁØ∫ Ï߇ ¡≈͉∂ ’ßÓ ÂØ∫ ÿ Ú≈Í√ ¡≈ «‘≈ √∆Õ ¿π‘ «¬’ ◊Ò∆ «Ú⁄ Óπ«Û¡≈ ª ¿π√Á∆ Ș √≈«’≈ Â∂ ͬ∆, ‹Ø «Íæ¤∂ √’±Ò ÏÀ◊ Ò‡’≈¬∆∫ Ï≈«Ù «Ú⁄ «Ìæ ‹ Á∂ ‘Ø ¬ ∂ ‹≈ ‘∆ √∆Õ Ïß ‡ ∆ È∂ √≈«’≈ 鱧 Á∂÷ ’∂ ÍÒ Ì Á∂ Ò¬∆ ’πfi √Ø«⁄¡≈, «Î ¶Ó∂ ¶Ó∂ ’ÁÓª È≈Ò ¿π√ ÚæÒ Úˉ Òæ«◊¡≈Õ ¿π‘ ’πfi ÍÒª Ï≈¡Á ¿π √ Á∂ È∂ Û ∂ Í‘π ß ⁄ ’∂ ÏØ«Ò¡≈, Âπ√∆∫ «Ìæ‹Á∆ «’¿π∫ ‹≈ ‘∆ ‘Ø? ¤Â∆ Á∂ ¡ßÁ ¡≈ ‹≈˙Õ

¿π‘ Ú∆ ‡∆. Ú∆. Á∂÷‰ Òæ«◊¡≈Õ Í ¿π√Á≈ «Ë¡≈È «’Â∂ ‘Ø √∆Õ ¿π‘ √Ω‰ Á∆ ’Ø«ÙÙ ’ «‘≈ √∆ Í È∆∫Á È‘∆∫ ¡≈ ‘∆ √∆Õ ’≈Î∆ ≈ Âæ’ È∆∫Á È≈ ¡≈¬∆ ª Ï≈‘ «È’Ò ’∂ È∆Ò∂ ¡√Ó≈È Úæ Ò Á∂ ÷ ‰ Òæ«◊¡≈Õ «¬ ÒÛ∆ «’ßÈ∆ Á∂ ⁄ÒÁ∆ ‘∆Õ ¿π√ √Ó∂∫ ¿π√Á≈ «Ë¡≈È Ìß◊ ‘Ø«¬¡≈, ‹ÁØ∫ Í«‘∂Á≈ È∂ ¿π√鱧 ‡Ø«’¡≈Õ «‹Ú∂ ∫ -«’Ú∂ ∫ ¿π  Ù≈‘ ¡Â∂ ÌÀ ¡ Á∂ √Ó≈Ú∂ Ù «Ú⁄ ≈ ¶ÿ ◊¬∆Õ √Ú∂∂ ¿πµ· ’∂ ¿π‘ «ÁÈ Á∂ ’ßÓ «Ú⁄ Òæ◊ «◊¡≈, Í ≈ Ì ‹≈◊‰ Á∂ ’≈È Í±≈ √∆ Êæ«’¡≈ «Í¡≈ √∆ ¡Â∂ ¡æ ÷ ª Ò≈Ò ‘Ø ◊¬∆¡ª √ÈÕ ¿π√ ÿ‡È≈ 鱧 Ï∆«Â¡ª «ÂßÈ «ÁÈ ‘Ø ◊¬∂ √È, Í Ïß ‡ ∆ Á∆ √Óæ « √¡≈ «‹¿π ∫ Á∆ «Â¿π ∫ √∆Õ √≈«’≈ 鱧 «ÓÒ‰ Á∆ «¬æ¤≈ «ÁÈØ«ÁÈ ÚËÁ∆ ‹≈ ‘∆ √∆Õ ‘π‰ Âæ’ ¿π‘ «’√∂ ¡‰Í¤≈Â∂ ÌÀ¡ ’≈È ¡≈͉∆ «¬æ¤≈ 鱧 ÁÏ≈¬∆ ÏÀ·≈ √∆, Í ¡æ‹ ¿π‘ √≈«’≈ Á∆ «¬’ fiÒ’ Á∂ ÷ ‰ Á≈ ÎÀ √ Ò≈ ’’∂ Ù≈Ó È± ß √≈¬∆’Ò ÒÀ ’∂ ÿ ÂØ ∫ «È’Ò

I

黄色いタクシー Call: 381-2222 黄色出租车

ӱߑ Ò‡’≈ ’∂ ¡æ◊∂ «È’Ò «◊¡≈Õ √≈«’≈ Á∆ √‘∂Ò∆ «¬‘ Á∂÷ ’∂ ·‘≈’≈ Ó≈ ’∂ ‘æ√‰ Òæ◊∆ ª √≈«’≈ 鱧 ¿π√ Â∂ ◊πæ√≈ ¡≈ «◊¡≈Õ ÏØÒ∆ «Ú⁄≈∂ Á∂ ÊæÍÛ «Í¡≈ ¡Â∂ 屧 ‘æ√ ‘∆ ˛∫Õ «Ú⁄≈∂ Èπß ÌØÒ≈ Ì≈Ò≈ ‹≈‰ ’∂ Ó≈ «ÁæÂ≈Õ ÁπÙ‡ «’Â∂Á≈Õ ¿π‘ ¿π√ Ó؇ √≈¬∆’Ò √Ú≈ Â∂ ◊π æ √ ≈ Íz ◊ ‡ ’Á∆ ÏØÒ∆Õ √‘∂Ò∆ ’πfi ‘Ø ÏØÒÁ∆, «¬√ ÂØ∫ Í«‘Òª Úπ√Á≈ ÿ ¡≈ «◊¡≈Õ ¿π‘ ¡≈͉∂ ÿ ⁄Ò∆ ◊¬∆ ª √≈«’≈ ¡æ◊∂ ÚæË ◊¬∆Õ «¬√ Â∑ª ’πfi «ÁÈ Ï∆ ◊¬∂Õ ÁØÚª Á∂ ÓÈ «Ú⁄ ÷ÒÏÒ∆ Ó⁄∆ ‘ج∆ √∆Õ «¬’ Íz∂Ó Ø◊∆ ω ¸æ’≈√∆ ª Á±‹≈ ÓÈØØ◊∆ ω ¸æ’≈ √∆Õ «¬’ ¡≈͉∂ «Í¡≈ Á≈ «¬˜‘≈ ’È≈ ⁄≈‘ßπÁ≈ √∆, ª Á±‹≈ ¡≈͉∂ ÓÈ Á∆ ¿πÒfi‰ 鱧 √πÒfi≈¿π‰≈ ⁄≈‘ßÁ∆ ‘∆Õ ÁØÚªÁ∂ÓÈ «¬’ Á±‹∂ 鱧 «ÓÒ‰ Ò¬∆ ¿πÂ≈ÚÒ∂ ‘Ø ◊¬∂ √ÈÕ ¿π √ «ÁÈ Ù≈Ó Á≈ Ú’Â √∆Õ √≈«’≈ ‘Ó∂Ù≈ Úª◊ Ï≈˜≈ ÂØ∫ √Ϙ∆ ÷∆Á ’∂ ÊÀÒ≈ ‘æÊ «Ú⁄ ÒÀ ’∂ Ú≈Í√ ÿ ÚæÒ ¡≈ ‘∆ √∆Õ ¿πÁØ∫ ‘∆ ¿π√Á∆ Ș √≈‘Ó‰∂ ¡≈ ‘∂ Ï߇∆ ”Â∂ ͬ∆Õ ¿π‘ ¿π√鱧 Á∂÷ ’∂ ÓÈ ‘∆ ÓÈ ÷πÙ ‘؉

’ ‘∆ √∆Õ «Î ¿ π ‘ ÏØÒ∆, È ≈ Âπ ‘ ≈‚∆ ¿πÓ ˛ «¡≈ ’È Á∆, È≈ Ó∂∆Õ ÓÀ ∫ ‘∆ È‘∆∫, ÏÒ«’ √≈∆ ÁπÈ∆¡≈ ’«‘ßÁ∆ ˛ «’ «Í¡≈ Á∂ Ò¬∆ ¿πÓ Á∆ È‘∆∫, «ÁÒ Á∆, ¡≈ÂÓ≈ Á∆ ˜± ‘πßÁ∆ ˛Õ «ÁÒ Á≈ «ÁÒ È≈Ò ‹πÛÈ≈ ¡Â∂ ¡≈ÂÓ≈ È≈Ò ¡≈ÂÓ≈ Á≈ «ÓÒÈ ‘؉≈, «¬√∂ È±ß Âª «Í¡≈ ’«‘ßÁ∂ ‘ÈÕ ¿π‘ ÏØÒ∆ ª È‘∆∫ Í Óπ√’≈ ’∂ ¶Ó∂ ¶Ó∂ ’ÁÓª È≈Ò ¡æ◊∂ ÚæË ◊¬∆Õ Í ¿π√Á∂ «ÁÒ «Ú⁄ ≈‹± ͱ∆ Â∑ª √Ó≈ ¸æ’≈ √∆Õ ÁØ «ÁÈ Ï≈¡Á ÁØÚ∂∫ «Î «¬’ «¬’ªÂ ÓßÁ «Ú⁄ «ÓÒ∂ ª ÷πæÒ∑ ’∂ ◊æÒ ’∆Â∆Õ ¿πÁØ∫ ‘∆ Ï߇∆ ¿π√Á∆¡ª ¡æ÷ª «Ú⁄ ¡æ÷ª Í≈ ’∂ ÏØ«Ò¡≈, ¡æ‹ Á≈ «ÁÈ Ï‘π ÙπÌ ˛Õ ¡√∆∫ æÏ Á∂ √≈‘Ó‰∂ ÷Û∑∂ ‘ªÕ ‘ΩÒ∆ ‘ΩÒ∆ Ú’Â Ï∆ÂÁ≈ «◊¡≈Õ

t’s an age-old cycle: you need experience to get the job, but you need the job to get the experience. Now, thanks to the new $3-million Youth Skills BC ÷∂ÓÒ≈Ò, ¡≈͉∆ ÒÛ’∆ 鱧 ÁÏ≈¡Õ Ò◊≈ ÒÚ∂◊≈Õ (YSBC) Workplace Pilot Program, this gap will close for many B.C.‘≈Òª«’ youth, ÷∂ Ó Ò≈Ò ¡≈͉∆ ¡ß ‹ ’Ò∑ ÒÛ«’¡ª È≈Ò ‘æ √ Á∆ «ÎÁ∆ ˛Õ ˜Ó≈È≈ ª ‹≈‰Á∂ ‘Ø, ¡æ◊ ÒÛ’∆ 鱧 «˜¡≈Á≈ ÌÛ’ ’∂ È‘∆∫ providing them with the opportunity to gain experience skills inÏÒ«’the ÏØ«Ò¡≈ √∆ ¿π‘ √Ófi≈¿π‰ Á∆ Ï≈¡Á «Ú⁄ and Òæ◊Á∆ ˛,new ˱ߡ≈ Í«‘Òª ¿πµ·Á≈ ˛Õ ◊Ò È≈ √Ófi‰≈, ¡≈͉≈ ’Ø«Ù√ ’ «‘≈ √∆ Í √≈«’≈ 鱧 workplace and opening doors to rewarding careers and good √Ófi ’∂ ÏØ Ò «‘≈ ‘ªÕwages. ¡≈͉∂ «Í˙ Á∆ «¬ßÈ∆ ¤Ø‡∆ ◊æÒ È∂ Continued on page 5

÷∂ÓÒ≈Ò Á≈Û∑∆ Â∂ ‘æÊ æ÷ ’∂ √Ø⁄«Á¡ª ÏØ«Ò¡≈, «¬‘ ’∆ ’«‘ ‘∂ ‘Ø Ó‘∂Ù Ì≈¬∆? ÿ Á∆ «¬æ‹Â ª √Ì Á∆ √ªfi∆ ‘πßÁ∆ ˛Õ Âπ‘≈‚∆ ‘ØÚ∂ ‹ª Ó∂∆Õ ÓÀ∫ ¿π√ ◊ßÚ≈ ÒÛ’∆ 鱧 √Ófi≈Úª◊≈Õ ÷∂ÓÒ≈Ò ÿ ÓπÛ∂ ª √≈«’≈ ¡≈͉∆ Óª Á∂ È≈Ò √Ϙ∆ ’應 Òæ◊∆Õ ¿π‘ ¿π√鱧 Á∂÷ ’∂ ÌÛ’ «◊¡≈, «’¿π∫ √≈«’≈, ÓÀ∫ √π«‰¡≈ ˛ ¡æ‹’Ò∑ 屧 Óπ‘æÒ∂ Á∂ ÒÛ«’¡ª È≈Ò ‘æ√Á∆ ˛∫Õ ¿π‘ ¡æ÷ª Á∆¡ª ÍπÂÒ∆¡ª Ï≈‘ ’æ„«Á¡ª ÂÀÙ «Ú⁄ ¡≈ ’∂ ÏØÒ∆, «’√È∂ «’‘≈?

迎兔年前的反思

«ÈÓÒ ≈‰∆

‡ÀÒ∆«Ú˜È ”Â∂ ¡È∂’ª ⁄ÀÈÒ ¡≈͉∂-¡≈͉∂ Íz◊ Ø ≈Ó Íz√≈ ’ ‘∂ ‘ÈÕ ’¬∆ ⁄ÀÈÒ ¡«‹‘∂ ‘È ‹Ø BD ÿ≥‡∂ Ò◊≈Â≈ «√¯ ıÏª ‘∆ Íz√≈ ’Á∂ ‘È, ‹ÁØ∫ «’ ’∞fi ⁄À È Ò ¡«‹‘∂ Ú∆ ‘È, ‹Ø «Ú«◊¡≈È, ÷Ø‹ª, «¬«Â‘≈√ ¡Â∂

Íz∂Ù≈È ’ «ÁæÂ≈ √∆Õ ¿π‘ ÓÈ ‘∆ ÓÈ √Ø⁄‰ Òæ◊∆ «’ ‹∂’ Í≈Í≈ Èπß Ó∂∂ «’√∂ È≈Ò ◊æÒ ’È «Ú⁄ «¬ßÈ∆ È≈˜◊∆ ˛ ª √≈‚∂ «Í¡≈ Ï≈∂ ÍÂ≈ Òæ◊∂◊≈ ª ’∆ ‘ØÚ∂◊≈Õ ¿π‘ ª Ó∂  ≈ ÿ ÂØ ∫ Ï≈‘ «È’Ò‰≈ ‘∆ ÓπÙ«’Ò ’ Á∂‰◊∂Õ ¿π ‘ ¡⁄≈È’ ¡‰‹≈‰∂ ÌÀ ¡ È≈Ò ’ßÏ ◊¬∆Õ ¿π‘ ‹ÒÁ∆ ÂØ∫ ‹ÒÁ∆ «¬‘ ◊æÒ Ï߇∆ 鱧 Áæ√ Á∂‰≈ ⁄≈‘πßÁ∆ √∆Õ ¿π‘ Ï߇∆ 鱧 «ÓÒ ’∂ Ó≈Ô±√ ‘Ø ’∂ ÏØÒ∆, Ï߇∆ ˜≈ √ßÌÒ, Ó∂∂ Í≈Í≈ 鱧 √≈‚∂ Ï≈∂ ÍÂ≈ Òæ◊∂◊≈ ª ’∆ ‘ØÚ∂◊≈?

‡∆. Ú∆. Á∂÷ ’∂ «¬’æ·∆¡ª √πæÂ∆¡ª √ÈÕ ≈Â∆ ’∆Ï ÁØ Ú‹∂ Ó˱ Á∆ ‹≈◊ ÷πæÒ∑∆ ª √≈«’≈ «Ï√Â Â∂ È‘∆∫ √∆Õ ¿π√È∂ ¡≈͉∆ Óª 鱧 ‹◊≈«¬¡≈Õ «Î ¿π‘ √Ø⁄‰ Òæ◊∆, ‡≈«¬Ò‡ Ú◊À≈ ◊¬∆ ‘ØÚ∂◊∆Õ «¬’ ÿø‡≈ Ï∆ ‹≈‰ ÂØ∫ Ï≈¡Á ¿π‘ È≈ ¡≈¬∆ ª Ò’ÙÓ∆ 鱧 «⁄Â≈ ‘؉ Òæ◊∆Õ Á∂÷Á∂ Á∂ ÷ Á∂ √Ú∂  ‘Ø ◊¬∆ Í √≈«’≈ È≈ ¡≈¬∆Õ √Ú∂∂ ‘πßÁ∂ ‘∆ ¿π√Á∆¡ª √‘∂Ò∆¡ª Á∂ ÿ ÍÂ≈ ’∆Â≈ Í «’Â∂ ÍÂ≈ È≈ Òæ«◊¡≈Õ ÁπÍ«‘ ‘Ø ◊¬∆ Í √≈«’≈ Á≈ ’πfi ÍÂ≈ È≈ Òæ«◊¡≈Õ «¬√∂ ÁΩ≈È Ò’ÙÓ∆ È∂ ÍÂ∆ ÷∂ÓÒ≈Ò ˘ Áæ«√¡≈ «’ «√¶‚ ÷∆Á‰ Á∂ Ò¬∆ ÏÀ◊ «Ú⁄ æ÷∂ ’∆Ï ¤∂ ‘˜≈ Ú∆ È‘∆∫ ‘ÈÕ «¬‘ √π‰ ’∂ ¿π√Á∂ ‘ØÙ ¿π‚ ◊¬∂Õ ¿π‘ Á±‘∆

√≥ ⁄ ≈Ò’ª Áπ ¡ ≈≈ Ó‘ª Èß ◊ ≈͉ ÍØ√‰ Á∆ «Â¡≈∆ ’∆Â∆ ◊¬∆ ‘À ¡Â∂ «¬√ ˘ Ȫ «ÁºÂ≈ ‹≈ «‘≈ ‘À Íz◊‡≈Ú∂ Á∆ ¡≈˜≈Á∆ Á≈, Â∂ ¿∞‘ Ú∆

«¬√ ˘ ¤º ‚ «Áº  ≈ √∆Õ ÈÙ∆Ò∆ √Óº◊∆ Á≈ √∂ÚÈ ¡Â∂ ÈÙ∂ º÷‰ Á∂ ÁØÙ ”⁄ ≈‘∞Ò Ó‘≈˜È Íπ«Ò√ Á∆ «◊z¯Â ”⁄ Ú∆ «‘ ⁄πº«’¡≈ ‘ÀÕ √≈‚∂ ÌÓ≈¿∞‰ Ò¬∆ ‡∆ Ú∆ ⁄ÀÈÒ Áπ¡≈≈ Á∂Ù Á∆ ÏÁ«’√ÓÂ∆ ‘À «’ ‘∞‰ ≈‘∞Ò ÌÍ» ’Ø«ÙÙ ’∆Â∆ ◊¬∆ √∆ ¡Â∂ ≈÷∆ Â∂ ≈÷∆ Ú◊∂ ÒØ’ ‘∆ √≈‚∂ Á∂Ù Á∂ Úª◊ ‘∆ ¿∞√ È∂ Ú∆ ¡≈͉≈ “√Ú≥Ï” ÈΩ ‹ Ú≈È Óπ ≥ « ‚¡ª Â∂ ’∞ Û ∆¡ª Á∂ ÓÈØ≥‹È Á≈ √≈ËÈ Ï‰ ‘∂ ‘ÈÕ «⁄¡≈ √∆Õ

ÓÈØ‹ ≥ È Á∂ Ȫ ”Â∂ ÍØ√∆ ‹≈ ‘∆ ¡ÙÒ∆ÒÂ≈

√≥⁄≈Ò’ Á∂Ù Á∆ ÈΩ‹Ú≈È Í∆Û∑∆ Á≈ ◊Ò Ó≈◊ ÁÙÈ ’È Ú≈Ò∂ ÍzØ◊≈Óª ˘ Íz√≈ È≈ ’∆Â∂ ‹≈‰ Á∂ ͺ ÷ ”⁄ «ÏÒ’∞ º Ò È‘∆∫ ‘ÈÕ

‘∂ ¡Â∂ ¡Òº◊-¡Òº◊ ‡∆ Ú∆ ⁄ÀÈÒª Áπ¡≈≈ «Á÷≈¬∂ ‹≈ ‘∂ ¡÷ΩÂ∆ «¡ÀÒ‡∆ ÙØ¡˜ ˘ ÒÀ ’∂ Í»∂ Á∂Ù ¡Â∂ √Ó≈‹ ”⁄ «¬≥È≈ Úº‚≈ ‘≥◊≈Ó≈ ‘Ø«¬¡≈ «’ ¡≈ı

Í≈¬∆Ó ‡≈«¬Ó ”⁄ «Á÷≈¿∞ ‰ Á∆ Ï‹≈¬∂ ≈ AA Ú‹∂ ÂØ∫ ÒÀ ’∂ √Ú∂∂ E Ú‹∂ º’ ‘∆ Íz√≈ ’∆Â∂ ‹≈‰Õ ‹ÁØ∫ «’ Óπ≥Ϭ∆ Á∆ ¿∞⁄ ¡Á≈Ò È∂ √’≈

Íz∂Ù≈È∆ «Ú⁄ ÍÀ «◊¡≈Õ «¬’ ª ÿ ÂØ∫ ÍÀ√∂ ◊≈«¬Ï √È ¡Â∂ Á±‹≈ ¿π‘Ȫ ÍÀ«√¡ª Á∆ ‹≈‰’≈∆ ÷∂ÓÒ≈Ò È±ß È‘∆∫ √∆Õ «’¿π∫«’ ÷∂ÓÒ≈Ò Á∆ Ù≈Ï Í∆‰ Á∆ ¡≈Á ’≈È Ò’ÙÓ∆ ÍÀ√∂ ´’Ø ’∂ æ÷Á∆ √∆Õ «¬æË ÿ ¤æ‚‰ ÂØ∫ Ï≈¡Á √≈«’≈ ¡Â∂ Ï߇∆ «√æË∂ ≈¬∂Íπ Á∂ Óπ÷ æ ∂ÒÚ∂ √‡∂ÙÈ Â∂ Í‘π⁄ ß ,∂ «‹æÊ∂ ‡zÈ ∂ ≈‘∆∫ ◊Ø∫Á∆¡≈ ⁄Ò∂ ◊¬∂, ‹Ø ≈¬∂Íπ ÂØ∫ Òæ◊Ìæ◊ ÁØ √Ω «’ÒØÓ∆‡ Á± ˛Õ ¿πÊ∂ ¿π‘Ȫ È∂ √Ì ÂØ∫ Í«‘Òª ’æÍÛ∂ ÷∆Á∂ ¡Â∂ ‹π æ ∆¡ª ¡≈«Á Ò¬∆¡ª ¡Â∂ «ÁÈ Ì «√‡∆ Ïæ√ ≈‘∆∫ ◊Ø∫Á∆¡≈ ÿπÓ ß Õ∂ ≈Â È±ß ◊Ø∫Á∆¡≈ ÂØ∫ ‚Ø◊◊Û∑ ¡≈ ◊¬∂, ‹Ø ¤æÂ∆√◊Û∑ Á≈ Íz«√æË Íz≈⁄∆È Ë≈«Ó’ ¡√Ê≈È ˛Õ ¿π√ ÁΩ≈È ¿π‘Ȫ ÁØÚª 鱧 «ÏȪ Ò◊∂‹ Á∂ ‘Ø ’≈Ȫ ’’∂ Íπ«Ò√ Á∆ Íπ¤ æ «◊æ¤ Á≈ √≈‘Ó‰≈ ’È≈ «Í¡≈Õ ‘π‰ ¿π‘Ȫ 鱧 √Ófi‰ «Ú⁄ Á∂ È≈ Òæ◊∆ «’ Ï≈‘ Á∆ ÁπÈ∆¡≈ «’ßÈ∆ «√’ Ì∆ ¡Â∂ ’Ù‡Á≈«¬’ ‘πÁ ß ∆ ˛Õ ÁØÚ∫∂ ‚Ø∫◊◊Û∑ «Ú⁄ Ó≈Â∂ Á∂ ÁÙÈ ’’∂ AI ‹±È Á∆ ≈ ≈¬∂Íπ ¡≈ ◊¬∂Õ ÁØÚ∫∂ Ú≈Í√ ÿ ‹≈‰ Á≈ «¬≈Á≈ ω≈ ‘∂ √È, Í ÿ ÂØ∫ Ìæ‹ ’∂ ¡≈¿π‰≈ ¡Â∂ ÿ ÂØ∫ ⁄Ø∆ ’∆Â∂ ÍÀ√∂ ÷⁄ ‘؉,∂ «¬√ ’’∂ ÁØÚ∫∂ ÿ ‹≈‰ ÂØ∫ ‚ ‘∂ √È ¡Â∂ ‘Ω√Ò≈ È≈ ’ √’∂Õ «Î ÁØÚ∂∫ «’√∂ Â∑ª «‘ßÓ ’’∂ Óπ‘æÒ∂ Âæ’ Í‘πß⁄∂, Í ¡ßÁ ‘∆ ¡ßÁ ÁØÚ∂∫ Ï‘π Áπ÷∆ ¡Â∂ ‚∂ ‘ج∂ √ÈÕ Ó≈√± Ó «ÁÒ √ÈÕ ¿π ‘ Ȫ ȱ ß Òæ«◊¡≈ «’ ÒØ’ ‘π‰ ¿π‘Ȫ 鱧 «¬æ‹Â Ì∆¡ª Șª È≈Ò È‘∆∫ Á∂÷‰◊∂Õ Ï≈‘ Ú≈Ò∂ ª ’∆, ÿ Ú≈Ò∂ Ú∆ ¿π‘Ȫ È±ß Ï‘π Âß◊ ’È◊∂Õ ÁØÚ∂∫ ¤Ø‡∆ ¿πÓ Á∂ √È, «¬√ ’’∂ Ó≈Ô±√ ‘Ø ◊¬∂Õ «Î ÁØÚª È∂ «¬’ ÎÀ √ Ò≈ ’∆Â≈Õ ÁØ Ú ∂ ∫ «‹æ Ò Â Ì∆ «˜ßÁ◊∆ ÂØ∫ «’È≈≈ ’’∂ ÓΩÂ È±ß ◊Ò∂ Ò◊≈¿π‰ Ò¬∆ ¿π√ ‘È∂∆ ≈ «Ú⁄ ´’Á∂-´’≈¿π∫Á∂ ⁄ß◊Ø≈Ì≈·≈ Í‘πß⁄ ◊¬ÀÕ ÁØÚ∂∫ ÁπÈ∆¡≈ ˘ Áæ√ Á∂‰≈ ⁄≈‘πßÁ∂ √È «’ «Í¡≈ ’Á∆ ÓÁ≈ È‘∆∫, ÏÒ«’ ¡Ó ‘Ø ‹ªÁ≈ ˛Õ √Ú∂∂ ¿π‘Ȫ ÁØÚª Á∆¡ªÒ≈Ùª ⁄ß◊ØÌ≈·≈ √«Ê «¬ÓÒ∆ Á∂ Á÷ Â∂ Óπ ‘ æ Ò ∂ Ú≈«Ò¡ª È∂ Ò‡’Á∆¡ª Á∂ ÷ ∆¡ªÕ Á∂ ÷ Á∂ ‘∆ Á∂ ÷ Á∂ ¿π Ê ∂ √À∫’Û∂ ÒØ’∆ «¬’æ·∂ ‘Ø ◊¬∂Õ ¿π ‘ Ȫ ÒØ ’ ª Á∆ Ì∆Û «Ú⁄ Ï߇∆ Á≈ ‹∆‹≈ ÈßÁ’πÓ≈ Ô≈ÁÚ ‹Ø √Ú∂  ∂ √Ú∂  ∂ «’√∂ ’ß Ó Â∂ ‹≈‰ Ò¬∆ «È’«Ò¡≈ √∆, Ì∆Û È± ß Á∂ ÷ ’∂ ¿π Ê ∂ Í‘πß«⁄¡≈Õ ¿πÊ∂ ÷Ûz ∂ ÒØ ’ ª ÂØ ∫ ÍÂ≈ Òæ « ◊¡≈ «’ «¬’ ÒÛ’∂ ¡Â∂ ÒÛ’∆ È∂ Ϊ√∆ Ò◊≈ Ò¬∆ ˛Õ ¿π√È∂ ¿πÂ√π’Â≈ Úæ√ ’∆Ï ‹≈ ’∂ Á∂«÷¡≈ ª ¿π√鱧 ¡≈͉∆¡ª ¡æ÷ª Â∂ «ÚÙÚ≈√ ‘∆ È‘∆∫ ‘Ø«¬¡≈Õ Îª√∆ Â∂ Ò‡’ ‘∂ ÒÛ’∂ Á∆ Ù’Ò ‘±Ï‘± ¿π√Á∂ √≈Ò∂ Ï߇∆ È≈Ò «ÓÒÁ∆ √∆ Í √∆ ¿πÂ∂ ÍπÙ≈’ ‘Ø √∆Õ Í «Î «Ë¡≈È È≈Ò Á∂«÷¡≈ ª Ô’∆È ‘Ø «◊¡≈ «’ ¿π‘ ¿π√Á≈ √≈Ò≈ Ï߇∆ ˛Õ ¿π‘ ÁΩÛ∂-ÁΩÛ∂ Í«Ú≈ Ú≈«Ò¡ª 鱧 ıÏ ’È «◊¡≈Õ √≈∂ ¿πÊ∂ Í‘πß⁄ ◊¬∂Õ Ï߇∆ Á∂ Ì≈Úª È∂ Ï߇∆ È±ß Îª√∆ Â∂ Ò‡«’¡ª Á∂«÷¡≈ ª ’πfi ÍÒ Á∂ Ò¬∆ ¡≈͉∂ ‘ØÙ ◊π¡≈ ÏÀ«·¡≈Õ ¿π‘Ȫ 鱧 ¡«‹‘≈ Òæ«Œ◊¡≈ «’ ¿π‘Ȫ Á≈ Ì≈ ‘≈Ò∂ Ú∆ «˜ßÁ≈ ‘Ø √’Á≈ ˛Õ ¿π‘Ȫ È∂ Âπß Á÷ Â∂ Ò‡’∆ Ò≈Ù È±ß ¿πÂ≈«¡≈, Í Ó≈Ô±√∆ ‘æÊ Òæ◊∆Õ

Photo by Dan Eastabrook/Diversity Reporter Staff

Brennan Storr/ Diversity Reporter Staff

Immigration: Minister Kenney Makes it Easier for Haitians in Canada to Work (See Page 3)

Ï߇∆ ’πfi ÍÒ ÷≈ÓØÙ «‘≈, «Î «’√∂ ÈÂ∆‹∂ Â∂ Í‘πß⁄Á∂ ÏØ«Ò¡≈, √≈‚∂ «Í¡≈ Á∂ Ï≈∂ «’√∂ 鱧 ÍÂ≈ Òæ◊∂, ¿π√ ÂØ∫ Í«‘Òª ‘∆ ¡√∆∫ «¬‘Ȫ ÒØ’ª Á∆ Í‘πß⁄ ÂØ∫ Á± ⁄Ò∂ ‹≈Úª◊∂Õ Â∂  ≈ ÓÂÒÏ ˛ «’ ‘π ‰ ÿØ ∫ Ìæ‹∆¬∂? ¿π‘ «⁄ß ‘Ø ◊¬∆Õ «’Â∂ Ú∆ ⁄Ò∂ ‹≈Úª◊∂, Â±ß Âª «Â¡≈ ˛ È≈? Ï߇∆ ÏØ«Ò¡≈Õ «¬‘ Ú∆ ’ج∆ Íπ椉 Á∆ ◊æÒ ˛Õ ÓÀ∫ Âπ‘≈‚∂ ÂØ∫ ¡Òæ◊ «‘‰ Á∂ Ï≈∂ √πÍÈ∂ «Ú⁄ Ú∆ È‘∆∫ √Ø⁄ √’Á∆Õ Í ÓÀ鱧 «⁄ßÂ≈ ‘Ø ‘∆ ˛ «’ ¡√∆∫ ‹≈Úª◊∂ ª ‹≈Úª◊∂ «’æÊ∂? Ï߇∆ È∂ ¿π√Èπß «Í¡≈ Ì∆¡ª Șª ÈªÒ Á∂ « ÷¡≈, «Î ÏØ « Ò¡≈, Í«‘Òª ª √≈ȱ ß «¬æ Ê Ø ∫ «È’Ò‰ Ï≈∂ √Ø ⁄ ‰≈ ‘ØÚ∂◊≈Õ Âπ‘≈‚∂ ’ØÒ «‹ßßÈ∂ ÍÀ√∂ ‘Ø √’‰, æ÷ ÒÀ‰≈Õ Ó∂∂ ’ØÒ «‹ß È ∂ ‘Ø ‰ ◊∂ , ÓÀ ∫ æ÷ ÒÚª◊≈Õ «¬√ Â∑ ª ÁØ Ú ∂ ∫ ÔØ ‹ È≈ Á∂ «‘ AG ‹± È È±ß ¡æË∆ ≈ Á∂ ’∆Ï ÿ ¤æ‚ ’∂ Ìæ‹ ◊¬∂Õ √≈«’≈ ‘Ó∂ Ù ≈ ¡≈͉∆ Úæ‚∆ ÌÀ‰ Ó˱ Á∂ È≈Ò √Ø ∫ Á∆ √∆ ¡Â∂ ¿π√ « Á È Ú ∆ ÁØÚ∂∫

‘ÈÕ √≈˘ ’ج∆ Ú∆ ÍzØ◊≈Ó ‹ÈÂ≈ ”⁄ «Ò¡≈¿∞‰ ‹ª «Á÷≈¿∞‰ ÂØ∫ Í«‘Òª «¬√ ◊ºÒ Á≈ «Ë¡≈È º÷‰≈ ⁄≈‘∆Á≈ ‘À «’ √≈‚≈ ¡≈͉≈ √º«Ì¡≈⁄≈ Â∂

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January 26, 2011

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The Many Faces of Canada Alberta native artist has seen almost every corner of the Country Brennan Storr

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veryone has dreams. Tim Van Horn is living his. For 27 months the 41-yearold graphic designer has been traveling Canada taking portrait photographs of the country’s people. His goal? To build a photo mosaic of over 25,000 portraits in time for Canada Day 2017, the nation’s 150th anniversary.

“Canada Day, 2017, I will take my last photo for the mosaic....I will have a big mural...somewhere and I will take that last photo and stick it on,” says Van Horn.

“Then I would like to initiate a cross country exhibit from Ottawa.”

Van Horn says he became “hooked on travel” while very young. The family of the self-described military brat moved frequently, as required by his father’s position as a Corporal in the Canadian Air Force: “I was born in Edmonton, moved to Bermuda when I was two then...to Inuvik...the Queen Charlottes,” says Van Horn. “...then back to Alberta when I was ten.”

“When I was four I decided I wanted to be a photographer, to travel and meet people” says Van Horn. And so when he left

Since its inception, Van Horn has been funding the Canadian Mosaic out of his own pocket. His efforts to secure government funding have so far been stymied, and with his own resources beginning to dry up, the Canadian Mosaic project faces an uncertain future. Van Horn, however, will not be deterred and balks at the idea of giving up or accepting corporate sponsorship: “this project is about the people, for the people. If I have to sell my house in Red Deer to keep going then I will.”

Living out of a custom-equipped van that he spent four months refitting for the journey, the artist has seen almost every corner of the country, from Newfoundland to Nunavut. He typically hits the streets in the morning and asks every person he comes across whether or not they would like to be photographed for the project. Van Horn estimates that around 70% of the people approached are happy to be part of the mosaic. He says, “People look at me, they look at the setup and they say, ‘Yeah, this is for real. I want to be part of this.”

The nomadic life isn’t always an easy one: “I have to sleep on side streets, says Van Horn. “When you go to bed at night you close the curtains - I put insulation on my van windows.” He is quick to add that the people he meets more than make up for any hardship. He calls this his “spiritual currency”: “[that] is how I get paid. All

Immigration Minister Kenney Makes it Easier for Haitians in Canada to Work

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TTAWA -- Haitians in Canada temporarily can now apply for work permits more easily, Citizenship, Immigration and Multiculturalism Minister Jason Kenney announced last week.

“Given the continued health and safety concerns in Haiti, ensuring that Haitian nationals who are currently in Canada temporarily can work and support themselves while they are here is paramount,” said Minister Kenney. “It’s important for Haitians already in Canada to know that if they need a work permit, they can now obtain one much more easily.”

The Immigration and Refugee Protection Regulations generally require work permit applications to be accompanied by a determination by Human Resources and Skills Development Canada that there is no adverse impact on the labour market. This is known as a labour market opinion, or an LMO. By removing this requirement, Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) is making it easier for Haitians who are here to work and maintain their immigration status.

Haitian nationals applying to extend their work permit will also receive continued coverage under the Interim Federal Health Program (IFHP). New applicants who are eligible for these measures will now also benefit from the IFHP.

overwhelmed with people’s response here...[it’s] been better than anywhere else in Canada. Victoria has been unbelievable for me.”

his Red Deer home on October 1, 2008, with his Nikon D300 camera, his dogs Mya & Bo, and only a vague idea of what his new project would become, Van Horn was buoyed by the certainty that he was finally following his muse.

These measures will take effect immediately and will apply to all Haitian nationals who were in Canada prior to January 13, 2011, and who are applying for a work permit or extending a work permit. The requirement for an LMO will remain in place for all those who arrived in Canada after that date.

Eligible individuals will have until September 1, 2011, to apply. Work permits are normally valid for one year.

For further information on work permits:http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/ work/index.asp

these people I meet throughout the day I get to share in their lives for a minute.

That keeps me going.”

As far as his reception in Victoria since his arrival on December 18, Van Horn can’t say enough: “I have been

At that, Mya and Bo bound back into the van and break Van Horn’s mood. The artist cracks a smile and says, “Funding or no, there is no stopping this. I don’t quit - I don’t give up.”

Learn more about Tim Van Horn and the Canadian Mosaic Project at www.canadianmosaic.ca

Ontario Grads Offered $20,000 To Move… To Saskatchewan

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askatchewan is backing up its Ontario recruitment drive with a cash inducement of $20,000.

The money will be available to university and college graduates who relocate to the province for at least seven years.

A group of about 25 politicians and business leaders from Saskatchewan, including Pat Fiacco, the Mayor of Regina, will try to sell their province and fill vacant jobs at a series of events on March 31 and April 1.

“It’s fair to say there is no area where we aren’t looking for people. In the financial sector, health care, construction, in engineering, anything you can think of,” said Mr. Fiacco to newsmen. “The growth in our province has been huge and we still need more people.” Saskjobs.ca, a Web site run by the province’s career and employment services department, lists more than 6,000 jobs currently available.

The visit comes hot on the heels of last week’s tax-cutting surplus budget announcement in the province.

Finance Minister Rod Gantefoer bucked the national downward trend, projecting a surplus of $424.5-million for 2009-10 despite a 12% increase in government spending. Revenue from Saskatchewan’s rich supply of natural resources has fueled the economic boom in the last few years.

While oil and gas revenues have taken a hit in the recent downturn, potash has

filled the void. The province produces a third of the world’s supply of the mineral, which is used to make fertilizer.

Donald Atchison, the Mayor of Saskatoon said he would play up the affordability of life in his city when he makes the trip next week. The average price of homes sold in his city in February was $281,681, $80,000 less than in Toronto, but the Mayor also emphasized that commutes of more than 15 minutes are rare in Saskatoon.

“I hear all the time from people who came out for two years for university or a job relocation and they’ve ended up staying for a lifetime,” he said.

But the challenge of getting people to head west in the first place remains. The province, with a population of about one million, spent about $800,000 on recruitment efforts last year, including a similar mission to Toronto as recently as September, 2008.

In Regina, Mr. Fiacco acknowledges Torontonians may fear losing the amenities of a big city, but he puts that down to ignorance, citing museums, a symphony and theatres he argues are cheaper to attend than in Toronto.

“I find our biggest critics have never been here, even to visit,” he said.

“We don’t have a professional hockey team, but you could probably argue that Toronto doesn’t either.”

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January 26, 2011

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Events Calendar To book events or submit your event pictures email us at events@diversityreporter.com Hearts and Hands Acupuncture Open House Celebrate the upcoming Chinese New Year with Hearts & Hands Community Acupuncture at their second annual Hearts & Hands Open House, February 5th & 6th, #6 - 2020 Douglas Street.

The weekend will feature a number of $510 drop-in services such as acupuncture, massage and yoga as well as a party both Saturday and Sunday evenings. There will be refreshments courtesy of JagaSilk and Sarah Kim and a prize draw.

Acupuncture must be booked ahead of time at www.heartandhands.appointy.com

For more info contact Christina Chan at 250893-2426 or heartandhands.acu@gmail.com.

The full schedule of events can be found at www.heartandhandscommunity.ca Play for Literacy at Family Game-A-Thon Capital Region residents are invited to come out and play at a Family Game-a-thon to celebrate national Family Literacy Day. The local event takes place Sunday, Jan. 30 from 1 to 5 p.m. at Ruth King elementary school in Langford.

Admission by donation of $5 per family, or pay-what-you can.

For more info contact Claire Rettie at 250388-7225 or email crettie@readsociety.bc.ca

Only Restaurant on the island serving Authentic South Indian Cuisine!

- Serving Victoria for over 20 Years - Come try our Dosas, Idlis and Vadas!

- A wide selection from the Tandoor and North and South Indian Thalis.

- Lunch Buffet - Monday to Thursday

Open 11 AM to 2 PM and 5 PM to 9 PM 7 Days a week 102-506 Fort Street (Corner of Fort and Wharf) Tel: 250-361-9000

Restaurant Guide Indian Food Market 4011 Quadra St, Unit #8 250-479-8884 Philippines-Oriental Village Manila Express, 3185 Quadra St. (250) 386-6525 Sookjai Thai 893 Fort Street, V8W 1H6 (250) 383-9945 Siam Thai 512 Fort Street, V8W 1E6 (250) 383-9911‎ King & Thai Restaurant 1109 McKenzie Street, V8V 2W1 (250) 360-1615 India Curry House 102-506 Fort Street

(250) 361-9000 My Thai Cafe 1020 Cook Street, V8V 3Z5 (250) 472-7574‎ Sod-Sai Thai 1692 Douglas Street, V8W 2G6 (250) 388-9517‎ Sura 1696 Douglas Street, V8W 2G6 (250) 385-7872 Cafe Ceylon 104 -1175 Cook St.V8V 4A1 (250) 388-4949.

Kuku’s 24 Burnside Road West, V9A 1B3 (778) 430-5858 Santiago`s Cafe 660 Oswego Street, V8V 4W9 (250) 388-7376 Real Taste of India 766 Fort Street, Victoria 250-477-8883

Floating, at Metro Studio British theatre company Hoipolloi, along with Welshman Hugh Hughes, bring their Edinburgh Fringe smash-hit, Floating, to Canada for the first time. Floating is the remarkable story of the day the Isle of Anglesey drifted away from mainland of Wales. Trapped on board is Hugh Hughes, desperate to escape and discover life outside his small island.

This charming play uses slide projectors, fishing rods, costumes, and maps to take you on a whimsical journey that will delight and entertain, and prompts you to ask the question, are we defined by where we come from?

Metro Studio (1411 Quadra Street),Thursday, February 10 & Friday, February 11. Showtime 8pm, tickets $21/$10 (student rush, at the door only). Bookings can be made at www.intrepidtheatre.com or by calling 250 590 6291.

Diversity Conference at the University of Victoria Learn about innovative research from UVic faculty, staff and students at the Provost’s Diversity Research Forum, Critical Conversations: The Art and Science of Diversity, taking place on campus Feb. 9-11, 2011.

Engage in critical conversations on gender, race, identity, ability, Indigenous knowledge, mental health, sexuality, international topics and more.

Speakers include the Honourable Lillian Dyck, Senator for Saskatchewan, and UVic’s new Vice-President Academic and Provost Dr. Reeta Tremblay. Registration is free and includes lunch. Everyone is welcome.

More info: www.uvic.ca/diversity2011 or contact diverse@uvic.ca Reflections on a Trilogy, at the University of Victoria Professor Emeritus Patricia E. Roy will reflect on her three volumes, “White Man’s Province: British Columbia Politicians and Chinese and Japanese Immigrants 18581914”. “The Oriental Question: Consolidating a White Man’s Province”, & “The Triumph of Citizenship: The Japanese and Chinese in Canada, 1941-67” These volumes represent an important contribution to Asian Canadian Studies; please join us in this moment of reflection and discussion.

Wednesday, February 16, 2011, 2:30 p.m.

Room Clearihue B-215

Diversity Reporter Connecting communities www.diversityreporter.com Publisher: Frontline Media Advertisements: advertise@diversityreporter.com Inquiries: Tel: 250-412-1724 Fax: 250-483-6383 General inquiries: contact@diversityreporter.com Events: events@diversityreporter.com Classifieds: classifieds@diversityreporter.com Letter to Editor: letters@diversityreporter.com Have Your Say: feedback@diversityreporter.com Contact: British Columbia Diversity Reporter Media /Frontline Media, P.O. Box 49022 Victoria, BC V8P 5V8, Canada Saskatchewan Frontline Media 62-1755 Hamilton Street, Regina, SK, S4P 2B5 Ontario 1015 Matheson Blvd, East Unit # 3, Mississauga, ON, L4W 3A4 Diversity Reporter is a leading multilingual newspaper with content published in more than 10 languages. It is published by Frontline Media every second Wednesday.

We encourage newcomers and immigrants to write their stories and share it with the best community on earth. We welcome local event, news stories, features and pictures from community members. Opinions and views expressed are of the author’s and do not necessarily reflect the views of Diversity Reporter.

Pacific Baroque Festival From February 3-6, the Victoria Conservatory of Music presents their annual Pacific Baroque Festival, focusing on the period performance of baroque music.

Inspired by the Festival’s Artistic Director, Marc Destrubé, the Festival has grown to five events in which the audience can appreciate a range of music based on the Festival’s theme.

This year’s theme is Stylus Fantasticus: Music for Bishops & Emperors.

The Festival’s core ensemble is the Pacific Baroque Festival of Vancouver and features international as well as local musicians. It also provides a platform for young musicians studying in Victoria to perform with professional musicians. Further information, including ticket prices and a performance schedule can be found at www.pacbaroque. com Workshop – Hair, Sexuality and Power At 6pm on Tuesday, February 8, Afro Diva Salon (1820 Oak Bay Avenue) hosts a workshop on the importance of hair in our daily lives and its role in a sexual context, facilitated by Nichola Watson, Soumya Natarajan, and Genevieve Dale. Attendees must be 18 years or older. For more information call Afro Diva Salon at 250-592-3482 or email nichola@afrodiva.ca.

By Alice Hyde. www. alice-and-stuff.tumblr.com

PROVINCE

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January 26, 2011

BRITISH COLUMBIA

vancouver

2010

vancouver

2010

PARALYMPIC GAMES JEUX PARALYMPIQUES

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BRITISH COLUMBIA

The Best Place on Earth

New Program Helps Youth Gain Skills In The Workplace

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ICTORIA - It’s an age-old cycle: you need experience to get the job, but you need the job to get the experience.

Now, thanks to the new $3-million Youth Skills BC (YSBC) Workplace Pilot Program, this gap will close for many B.C. youth, providing them with the opportunity to gain experience and new skills in the workplace and opening doors to rewarding careers and good wages.

“One of the biggest challenges youth will face in the coming decades is acquiring skills that will move them forward in their careers,” said Regional Economic and Skills Development Minister Ida Chong. “This program will help address that issue so youth can gain the experience and skills, while they’re employed, that are needed to succeed in the workplace now and in the future.”

Funded under the Canada/BC Labour Market Agreement, the 16-month, workplace-based pilot will help approximately

650 youth, enhancing employability by improving their existing skills and helping them gain new ones through practical

experience and training. Employers will be able to hire up to three participants, and can receive up to $2,000 per participant to off-set the costs of providing these youth with on-the-job training.

“Our government is pleased to partner with the government of B.C. to help prepare Canadian youth to succeed in Canada’s labour market through programs like Youth Skills BC,” said the Honourable Diane Finley, Minister of Human Resources and Skills Development.

British Columbia’s future economy will need a highly skilled workforce, and YSBC is helping meet that challenge. In addition to employer support for hiring and on-the-job training, the pilot program can help employers develop a training plan for each participant and funding assistance to pay for the supplemental training identified in these plans.

Under the Labour Market Agreement, the Government of Canada is providing

the Province approximately $66 million annually until 2013-14. Through a variety of programs, these funds increase access to training for unemployed people who are not currently Employment Insurance clients, including those who are underrepresented in the labour market. Funding also supports training for employed individuals who are low-skilled and require essential skills, or who require recognized credentials to reach their full potential in the current marketplace.

The program will be open to participants and employers across the province and will be administered by Bowman Employment Services Inc. Additional details about the program are available at www.bowmanemployment.com/ysbc or call toll-free at 1 877 866-3100.

TXT Support For Smokers Can Help Them Quit VICTORIA - There were millions of texts sent between cellphones last year by British Columbians, but for those trying to quit smoking this year the most relevant mobile messages they receive could be quit tips and support now available through QuitNow by TXT. “QuitNow by TXT is an easy, free service that provides quit information at your fingertips anywhere you go so you are supported to quit smoking every step of the way,” said Terry Lake, parliamentary secretary for health promotion.

“Anytime is a great time to quit smoking, but National Non-Smoking Week provides the perfect opportunity for people who smoke to try new and innovative quit methods available at QuitNow.ca.”

The 14-week, mobile-texting service is supported through the BC Lung Association’s QuitNow Services, and available to all B.C. residents. The program offers support to help people who smoke to quit or stay tobacco-free.

Users can opt in to the service by registering online or by mobile phone to start receiving a series of messages straight to their cellphones.

Text messages are tailored to each us-

er’s stage of quitting to help them prepare to quit, cope with cravings, withdrawal and stress, identify quit tips and aids and stay motivated. The program is based on users setting a quit date, since text messages are tailored to where users are in the quitting process. Anyone can sign up by going to: www.quitnow.ca/quitnow_by_txt or by texting “JOIN” to 654321.

While B.C. has the lowest smoking in Canada at 14.9 per cent, there are approximately 550,000 British Columbians who smoke.

“We know that support buddies play an integral role in helping their family member or friend quit smoking, but they usually can’t be with them all of the time.

With QuitNow by TXT, people trying to quit can have a support system that goes wherever they do,” said Jack Boomer, director of QuitNow Services.

“QuitNow by TXT can help someone quit smoking no matter what stage they are at, and the service can be customized by the user to deliver text messages when they want.”

Messages are tailored to the different stages of the quitting process as follows: * Pre-quit phase - two weeks of daily messages to help prepare for the quit (up to 22 messages). * Quit day - three messages. * Active Quit phase - one month of daily messages to guide, support and motivate through active phase (up to 57 messages). * Maintenance phase - two months of weekly messages to help avoid and deal with slips and relapse (up to 26 messages). * For extra support and dealing with cravings - users can text key words such as “crave” or “alcohol” to receive immediate supportive messages day or night (up to 80 messages).

FREE!

Understanding Diabetes Managing Diabetes with Healthy Eating for South Asians Hosted by The CDA and VIHA Topics include: -Basics of Type 2 Diabetes -Medications and Insulin -Nutrition Demo and Healthy Eating Tips -Display of Diabetes related products and Services Location Date: February 9, 2011 Time: 1:00-3:00pm Place: Sikh Temple, 1210 Topaz Ave. Speakers: Beena Kashyap, RN BScN CDE Satnam Sidhu, RD Julie Holder, CDA Regional Director Tea and a light snack will be provided.

Complementary DVD on "Punjabi Healthy Eating" will be available to all participants.

diabetes.ca 1-800-BANTING (226-8464)

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January 26, 2011

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中国电影《斗牛》来到维多利亚 在1940年严寒的冬天，一个中国 农民被赋予一个特殊的使命：保护 村子里一群奶牛。这是一部感人的 电影，它讲述了人和牛之间的看似 不可能的爱。看完这部电影，你会 相信，牛，也会流泪。 斗牛 电影评述 爱丹·托马斯 在来到维多利亚前，斗牛最近在纽 约的亚洲电影节上展出过。由中国 第六代导演代表人物管虎导演，新 生代演员黄渤主演的这部电影，是 如今少有的几部客观反映战争悲剧 的电影。更难能可贵的是，他还给 我们带来了残酷的战争背景下的特 有的喜剧效果。 这部影片讲述了一个发生在中日战 争的大背景下，农民牛二（黄渤饰 演）如何跟自己村庄的另一个幸存 者— 牛躲开日本兵的追杀和难民 的偷袭，从而绝处逢生的故事。 这是一部感人的电影。牛二似乎看 穿了人性的丑恶，却又一直相信自

己一定能够战胜这些丑恶，保护好 自己和这头牛。他和牛之间的关系 虽然时显粗陋，却又十分感人。电 影的结构似乎过于讲究，不过整部 影片依然有震撼的力量。牛二屡屡 遇到难题，又惊险逃过，在紧张生 动的战争画面的间隙给了观众一次 次短小的喘息机会。

一些讨好观众的事情，这可以理 解，但即使是独立制作，我觉得还 是有商业空间可以挖掘，人可以不 要处理得那么脏，以及让观众对黄 渤更喜爱，对他与闫妮之间的爱情 更同情。

离开，就是《斗牛》的核心所 在。“奶牛”是他与过去与世界 惟一的联系，他可以去山上离群 索居，但是好歹也得有头牛在， 才是过日子。现在的这个核心， 不能说表现得非常透彻，但是黄 渤这个人物的行为，基本上你看 完这个电影是可以理解 的。甚至会感到微微有 些伤感，人所依凭的情 感是如此微薄又如此雄 厚，几乎没有办法被打 到。人可以做的事情是 如此卑微，和一头牛相 守一生，人所做的事情 又如此伟大，他有自己所坚持的 价值观，言而有信。

中国影片《斗牛》将在今年维多 利亚国际电影节上热展

管导演这样拍这部电 影有冒险的成分，而 且恰恰是这个冒险的 成分让这部电影与众 不同。他通过这部电 影讲述了一个令人耳 目一新的战争故事。喜剧和诙谐在 这个故事里是不可分割的一部分。 看这部电影就像坐着过山车快速地 经历了一遍人生的起起落落。

局限性：未完全挖掘戏剧冲突

本届电影节将于二 月四日至十三日举 行，共有一百五十 余部电影参展。如 需更多信息，请浏 览电影节官方网 站http://victoriafilmfestival.com/ ，或致电250389-0444

《斗牛》说的是八路留了一条奶牛 在村里，后来全村遭日本人屠杀， 只剩下黄渤（博客）和牛。然后有 路过的土匪、难民等，黄渤一路和 牛相依为命。这个故事很文学化， 可以想像得出在文字中，黄渤对牛 的感情一路的变化会表现得更细 腻，在电影里则要更迅速地让观众 接受他不能抛下牛独自逃生。 而故事中的戏剧冲突其实是有比较 大的商业空间在里面的，比如黄渤 一人斗四匪保护奶牛、遇见伤兵鬼 子路过村子，完全可以拍得更妙趣 横生、惊险刺激一些，影片也会因 此更好看。现在导演强调的是一 种“无常”，黄渤借鬼子的地雷炸 死想杀牛的难民，完全都是巧合， 并非本意，这和导演不想塑造他成 为一个英雄有关，因为在这个故事 背景下，黄渤是一个被历史的偶然 遗留下来的意外，没有成为英雄人 物的动机。导演很明显是在拒绝做

说实话，整部电影我觉得最来劲的 地方都是有闫妮的地方，这个女人 的性格和黄渤形成鲜明对比，但是 只有前言没有后语，活生生切断 了，以牛来作为替代，这个感情指 代其实很难完成。这也是《斗牛》 这部电影最困难的地方，如何让人 接受黄渤对牛的感情，在他说出“ 咱俩这才叫男耕女织呢”时不觉得 荒谬至极，而微微感到同情与伤 感。所以之前黄渤救牛的情节可以 处理得更有趣鲜活，加强观众对他 的认同度。 亮点：黄渤个人表演 和小孩、动物的对手戏是公认的难 演，黄渤这次算是很成功。可能有 一些和他差不多的演员比如李易 祥、郭涛等也不是不能演这个角 色，不过黄渤身上的确有一种导演 说的“动物性”在里面。他演过的 角色往往都是混混型小人物，你以 为他应该最重视自己的生存和利 益，但他又出乎你的意料，这是黄 渤的魅力。《斗牛》中的角色也是 如此，他的贪生怕死是明显的，一 开始都不肯接受藏牛的任务，硬将 闫妮嫁给他才好说歹说接了。全村 人被杀以后，他也想 离开，但是没有离开。这个无法

从传递的效果来说，即使《斗 牛》的外在形式的确非常不讨 巧，很难做到吸引观众进电影 院，这是电影导演在做同一类型 的电影时需要严肃考虑的一个前 提，但是在呈现的最终效果上， 它作为一部独立小众电影，是有 自己的内容的。就是你看了，会 有所得，无论是感情，还是思 想。应该就是一种成功。

CHINESE

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January 26, 2011

HST重創經濟 自由黨必須提前公投新民主黨財政評論員 賴 賜淳(Bruce Ralston) 卑詩自由黨違背選舉承諾，強制實 施合併銷售稅(HST)，他們宣稱新 稅會帶來更多就業機會。諷刺的 是，上個月卑詩的失業率位居全國 最高，儘管人口持續增長，卑詩省 2010年底反倒比年頭減少了1900 個全職工作。 卑詩餐廳與食物服務協會預估，現 有的餐廳可能有高達五分之一會在 今年第一季關門。協會主席托斯 坦森(Ian Tostenson) 警告：「你 將看到餐廳數量減少，我估計在 2011年第一季，現有1萬2000家 餐廳會有一成到兩成倒閉。」 餐飲業去年總共損失3400個職 位，冬奧期間餐飲業需求曾一度短 暫增加，之後伴隨長期重挫。去年 八月HST實施後不久，餐飲業就流

失5300個工作。 卑詩自由黨的當務之 急，應是儘量協助餐廳 維持營運。那些有望成 為黨領的候選人，卻還 在為是否該讓省民，透 過公民投票表達意見而 爭論不休，更枉顧民 眾希望提早HST公投的 呼聲。 自由黨政府宣稱，HST 的收益46%將流向建築業。事實 上，HST實施六個月後，建築工人 及其家庭卻未從HST獲得任何益 處。 根據加拿大統計局，去年11月， 卑詩省的建築許可數量跌落至全國

倒數第二，只略高 於紐芬蘭省。11月 卑詩建築許可數量 銳減43.4%，溫哥 華更糟糕，減少了 60.4%。 加拿大統計局認 為，卑詩11月建築 意願低落，導致全 國的多戶住宅建築 許可下降22.4%， 總值11億元，這是 自2010年2月起最低點。卑詩住 宅建築許可下跌51%，11月比前 一年下跌27.9%。

卑詩自由黨告訴民眾，HST是他們 為經濟所作的最好決定；然而至 今民眾感受到的，卻是最沉重的 負擔。

上個月，卑詩的失業率是全國最 糟，12月流失2萬2000個職位。 令人震驚的是，其中兩萬個是全 職工作，約半數在建築業。12月 就流失1萬200個工作，建築業不 僅未增加新的就業機會，12月反 而比前一年減少了3.5%。 卑詩自由黨政府執政下，2001至 2009年之間，卑詩的平均時薪為 全國最低，周薪位居第二低。 卑詩新民主黨的願景，是打造強 勁活躍的經濟，包括公平具競爭 力的稅賦環境，支持小型商業， 負責任的財政規劃，合理的最低 薪資及加薪機制，投資綠色產業 創造工作機會，讓我們的經濟基 礎更多元化。

迎兔年前的反思 兔年還有不到一個月就到。加拿 大郵政局早已設計好來年兔年的 郵票。每年的郵票設計，背後對 加國意義重大。回首數十年前， 移民人數有增無減，當時還未推 出十二生肖的郵票。到了今時今 日，生肖郵票已成每年必做項 目，不但標誌着加國的多元文化 的成長，還說出不同族裔彼此間

更接納大家不同的文化，互相尊 重。 記憶中，十多年前的加拿大，還未 有那麼多不同種類的食肆：日本壽 司、韓國泡菜、印度咖哩、越式沙 律、台式珍珠奶茶、中式點心…… 現在這些美食林立在不同的地方。 即是說，我們隨時隨地都可以享用

不同族裔的美食。除了「食」之 外，加國人也受不同的文化影響， 有更多的機會感受到不同文化的習 俗。在這個全球一體化、人與人的 關係更緊密的情況下，如果我們 對多元文化抱持開放、尊重的態 度，對於我國在經濟上有着良好的 影響。

朝鲜移动电话用户一年间激增三倍 朝鲜官方数据显示，该国开通刚过两年的3G流动通信网络“高丽键接”在去年录得了超过三倍的 用户增长。 朝中社星期一（1月24日）引述投资“高丽键接”的埃及奥斯康电信公司说，该网络在2009年只 有6.9万人，但截至去年第三季度，用户数已超过30万人。 朝中社报道称，奥斯康主席萨维里斯刚在周末到访平壤，并获朝鲜领导人金正日接见，双方进行 了“热情友好的”交谈。 据称被安排辅助金正日之子金正恩继任的国防委员会副委员长张成泽也参与了会见。据称他同时 兼任合营投资委员会的总管，负责吸引外资。 目前“高丽键接”的3G服务只包括语音和短信服务，但最新公布的数字似乎在说明，朝鲜人民使 用手机的热情十分高涨。 奥斯康的管理层在2008年“高丽键接”成立之际曾表示，3G网络服务将向朝鲜全国推广，争取用 户人数达到200万至300万。 迅速扩张 朝鲜曾于2002年在平壤和周边地区推出2G手机服务，但在2004年新义州龙川火车站发生大爆炸 后，当局下令禁止普通民众拥有手机。 “高丽链接”以争取用户人数达300万为目标。 至2008年12月，“高丽链接”成立，奥斯康持有当中的75%股权。该服务最初只覆盖首都平壤。 但据报道，目前该网络已扩展到12个主要城市和42个二线城市。 朝中社的报道称，金正日对于奥斯康在朝鲜移动电信等领域的持续发展表示了嘉许，并设宴款待 了萨维里斯。 韩国对外经济政策研究院国际发展合作中心主任赵明哲分析说，在朝鲜受到国际社会制裁在之 际，奥斯康持续对朝投资，朝鲜似乎是基于政治目的而特意作出表扬。 赵明哲对韩联社说，另一个可能性是，平壤希望透过支持奥斯康来吸引更多外资对朝鲜进行投 资。

踏入兔年，希望大家在新一年更 勇於接受多元文化，攜手創造一 個共融、和平和繁盛的國家。

Mary Winspear Centre Whats Happening Guide January 20 & 21: Fire’s Burning – Triple Threat Production January 22: Robbie Burns Dinner w/Greater Vic. Police Pipe Band January 29: Victoria Master Gardener’s Mixing It Up in the Urban Garden February 5: For the Love of Africa Fundraiser February 9 & 10: Blood Donor Clinic (12:00-7:00 PM) February 11 & 12: Double Diamond – Neil Diamond Tribute Band February 15: Showcase of Winners – Danceworks February 15: Hearts of the Comunity Volunteer Awards February 18: Coppelia, Ballet Jorgan February 20: Brain Fry – Mountain Dream Productions February 22: British Musical Theatre – Palm Court Light Orchestra March 4: Dime and Dance – Karen Clark Dance Studio March 6: Team West Coast Award Ceremony March 9 & 10: Blood Donor Clinic March 12: Dance Extravaganza – Allegro March 19 & 26, The Mikado – Victoria Gilbert & Sullivan Society March 20 & 27, The Mikado – Victoria Gilbert & Sullivan Society March 24, Richard Margison March 25-27, Peninsula Clay Artists Society Show & Sale April 9 & 10, Victoria Broadway Chorus April 23, Antique Retro & Collectible Show April 29 & 30, All You Need is Love – Peninsula Singers April 30 – May 1, Saanich Peninsula Arts & Crafts Show May 1, All You Need is Love – Peninsula Singers May 28, Doug & the Slugs May 29, Victoria Toy Show June 4, June 25 & 26, June 30,

We are Greater Victoria’s multilingual voice. Have a story? Send us at contact@diversityreporter.com

Murray Hatfield Mgic Show Garden City Cat Show – Mad Catters Cake Purrrade Canada Day Community Dinner

7

Canada

8 Canadian January 26, 2011 Asian News

Junewww.diversityreporter.com 15-July 2, 2010 Page 23

The Canadian Experience....4

The House of Commons

By Norman Hillmer

On December 11, 1979, John Crosbie entered the House of Commons in grey and black sealskin boots from his native Newfoundland, following the tradition that Ministers of Finance wear new shoes when they present the government's economic forecast. It was Crosbie's first budget speech, and it was to be his last.

Crosbie's budget promised higher energy prices and increased taxes. These were tough measures, and likely to be unpopular in many quarters, but Crosbie and Prime Minister Joe Clark were confident.

Their Conservative party had won the federal election only months before, unseating the Liberals of Pierre Trudeau, and Trudeau who had announced that he would soon leave the party leadership was clearly uninterested in leading the parliamentary opposition. The New Democrats and the Quebec Créditistes were also badly bruised. Both had lost a substantial number of their House of Commons seats on election night.

The media and business reviews of the Crosbie budget were generally positive. It was Christmas time on Parliament Hill, with the holidays coming. Surely a favourable Commons vote on the budget was only a formality.

Yet Clark had fewer than half of the 282 seats in the Commons. To pass the budget, he needed help from one of the other parties. The New Democrats, angered by an increase of four cents a litre in the

excise tax on gasoline, moved a motion of no confidence in the government. The Liberals supported the New Democrats, while the Créditistes abstained.

And that was it - enough to bring down the government. Clark lost the motion by six votes. Defeated in the House of Commons on an essential part of his political program, Clark immediately requested that the Governor General dissolve Parliament and call an election. This was done, and in February 1980 the voters threw Clark out of office. A resurrected Pierre Trudeau returned as Prime Minister of Canada.

The Conservatives had ignored the most fundamental principle of Canadian parliamentary democracy.

A prime minister cannot continue in office without the support of a majority of the members of the House of Commons. Clark's party did not have sufficient backing to govern on its own. The House of Commons is made up of Members of Parliament, or MPs, elected across the provinces and territories of Canada roughly on the basis of representation by population. The prime minister and almost all the cabinet come from the Commons; the executive that administers the nation's business is not a separate branch of government, as is the case in the United States.

The Commons operates as a national forum for the clash of political ideas and priorities.

Government members sit on one side of the Commons chamber, at the right hand of the Speaker, the Commons umpire. The opposi-

tion sits opposite, only a few metres away. The competition is intense, giving rise to the worst in partisan misbehaviour, but also encouraging legitimate debate and scrutiny of the government.

Question Period, held every weekday when the House is in session and widely broadcast on television, allows the opposition to demand that the government respond to difficult questions. It is messy, chaotic, often nasty, and answers frequently do not come,

Carole James, Stories on the RoadMLA to Recall Of the 38,415 Oak Bay-Gordon Head “We have canvassers in most major cities voters registered in 2009, more than 4000 and towns,” said Hayes. “It’s a lot of work, have left the riding, but are still eligible to but we want all eligible voters aware of sign the Recall petition. Recall Proponent their right to participate.”

The Recall Campaign has mailed hunMike Hayes finds it ironic that those who have moved elsewhere in BC may sign, but dreds of informational letters to these votthose who have moved into the constituen- ers in the Lower Mainland, identifying cy and have a genuine stake in the outcome their local canvasser. People who moved 1084 Fort Streetand now live in Greater Victoria get notices have no say.

“We can’t change the rules,” said Hayes, and have canvassers go to them. “It’s time “so we are doing our best to find those who consuming,” said Hayes, “but we are domoved to offer them the opportunity to sign ing whatever it takes. It’s frustrating though that our target number is almost 4,000 more and be involved.”

It’s not easy. Signatures may only be signatures than the number of actual votes by.” collected by registered canvassers. – which Ms Chong was elected carole.james.mla@leg.bc.ca 250-952-4211 People who lived in Oak Bay-Gordon means locating people willing to be canvassers in various BC communities and Head in 2009 and who believe they’re elihaving them contact eligible voters there. gible to sign the Petition should call the Re-

Here to serve you at my community office

Carole James, MLA

call Petition office at 250-590-5355.

“We just got signatures from Fort St. Writers Wanted John,” Hayes said, “but our favourite story If you can write stories in English,Chinese, is about a couple vacationing in Arizona.

Punjabi, Tagalog, Spanish, Hindi, PerThey each wanted to sign, and asked to sian, Urdu, Korean, Polish,German and be registered canvassers. Since canvassers Arabic. can’t sign their own petition, we mailed Diversity Reporter pages will welcome them 2 canvasser cards and 2 petitions so your stories. Send us your story ideas that each could register then sign the other’s today at form. Petition Coordinator Colin Nielsen’s ingenuity and tenacity worked that out.” contact@diversityreporter.com Recall Petition deadline is February 3rd.

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but Question Period demands that the prime minister and his party justify their actions and policies.

In the British House of Commons, the model for Canada's Commons, prime ministers are given the questions in advance, and they attend Question Period only once a week. Not so in Canada, where the prime minister and cabinet members appear regularly and have no knowledge of the questions beforehand.

No law can be made and no tax imposed without the approval of the House of Commons, Canada's chief legislative body. However, members of parliament are expected to vote with their leaders in the House of Commons, and MPs who do not are subject to strict party discipline.

Individual MPs can make their voices heard through committee work and in political party settings, but it is difficult to stand apart from the crowd or become known to the public. When they stepped a short distance from Parliament, the sharp-tongued Pierre Trudeau said early on in his first term as prime minister, members of the House were of no consequence.

Long-serving prime ministers from Trudeau on have dominated the levers of power, so much so that political commentators frequently compare them to American presidents. Yet, unlike presidents, prime ministers control their legislatures and can name senators and Supreme Court judges. The tight grip of prime ministers on government is sometimes described as an elected dictatorship.

The House of Commons, though, is at its best the people's legislature, reflecting, representing, and expressing popular needs and opinions. And sometimes it can be more than that, particularly when no single party is fully in command. Just ask Joe Clark and John Crosbie.

(Norman Hillmer is Professor of History and International Affairs at Carleton University).

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OPINION

January 26, 2011

9

OPINION

We Must Stand Against Violence Dave S. Hayer, MLA Surrey – Tynehead Parliamentary Secretary for Multiculturalism

No one who seeks or wins office should be in fear for their lives. All politicians are really doing is working, to give back to their communities, to their regions and to their countries. We are trying to make things better for everyone.

The tragic shooting in Arizona was carried out by someone with severe mental illness ... not only did he target congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords, but he spent

30 rounds from his pistol shooting anyone and everyone he could indiscriminately. There is no excuse for this tragedy.

My father was assassinated for the stance he took to bring justice to the victims of Air India Flight 182. He was targeted specifically because he intended to bring out the truth behind this terrible act of terrorism, and he became himself a victim of the criminals who perpetrated it.

These acts of violence touch so many lives, so many victims, not just those who were injured or died but their fami-

lies, friends and our collective future. We all lose when these things happen, when so many lives, which hold such promise, are simply lost through the random acts of a violent person.

As a politician and a person, I feel a great sympathy for the tragic attack on the congresswoman’s life and I grieve for all those innocent people who died or were injured.

While these acts of random violence are often not preventable, it will not discourage people from speaking out against injustice, will not discourage people from speaking up for the rights of

victims and will not discourage lawmakers from continuing the fight to rid society of violence.

Each of us has the right to speak out and stand up for what is right. Even in the face of tragic events such as the one in Arizona, we must stand up for what is best for our communities and our society.

If we allow violence and criminals to scare us into silence, then the wrong people will win, and we cannot, must not, let that happen.

Anthem Man on Billy Wilder tify with Jack Lemmon.

Anthem Man

Wilder also put together one of the great comedy teams of the 20th century. In 1966’s “Fortune Cookie”, Walter Matthau convinces his brother-in-law, played by Lemmon, to fake injury for financial gain. The role netted Matthau his first and only Oscar.

I

f you haven’t heard of Billy Wilder, it’s ok - I forgive you and I’m here for you.

In fact, it’s why i’m writing to you. By the end of this article I want you to feel an undeniable urge to head on down to your local video store and rent every single Billy Wilder movie they have.

Billy Wilder is writer/director extraordinaire whose career spanned from the 30’s to the 80’s. He was a six-time acaemy award recipient, winning two for 1945’s “Lost Weekend” (directing, screenwriting), two for 1960’s “The Apartment” (directing, screenwriting) and one for writing 1950’s “Sunset Boulevard”. In 1988 he also received the academy’s Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award for lifetime acheivement.

worked for the city’s largest tabloid. He broke into films as a screenwriter in 1929, and wrote scripts for many German films until Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933. Wilder realized his Jewish ancestry would soon attract the wrong kind of attention so he emigrated to Paris, then the US.

Born 1906, in Sucha, Austria-Hungry (now Poland) Wilder originally planned to become a lawyer. He abandoned that career in favor of working as a reporter for a Viennese newspaper, using this experience to move to Berlin, where he

What is so unique about Billy Wilder is that he understood all genres. Want to see a war movie? 1943’s “Five Graves to Cairo” or 1953’s “Stalag 17” will fit the bill. If you’re in the mood for a romantic comedy, try 1954’s “Sabrina”, 1957’s

“Love in the Afternoon” or “The Apartment”. Historical events? 1957’s “Spirit of St. Louis” about Charles Lindberghs flight across the atlantic. Do you like to laugh? 1959’s “Some Like it Hot” was named the best comedy of all time by the American Film Institute.

Of particular note was Wilder’s work with Jack Lemmon. Jack is truly cinema’s greatest everyman - Jimmy Stewart be damned. Jimmy Stewart is the everyman for a perfect world, where everything works out. In the real world, where we are hit, pulled, and dragged, we iden-

My favorite black and white film is Wilder’s “Double Indemnity” starring Fred McMurray. Released in 1944, costarring Barbara Stanwyck and Edward G. Robinson, the film tells the sordid tale of a life insurance scam gone wrong.

What sets the film apart is the non-linear way in which events unfold, a style that keeps you glued to your seat.

Wilder’s body of work was absolutely amazing, with his writing always as solid and brilliant as his direction. His expansive vision, mastery of multiple genres, and his ability to take characters from all backgrounds and make them as unique as you and I, all these things are what make Billy Wilder Hollywood royalty of the highest order.

Be Prepared When Going Into The Backcountry

By Rich Coleman Minister of Public Safety and Solicitor General

A

number of recent avalanches in British Columbia have had tragic consequences, resulting in deaths in our backcountry. If you plan to enjoy the outdoors, you should be aware of the avalanche dangers and safety tools before you go. There are a few basic precautions to take.

Know the risks. Avalanche awareness signs are posted at key locations along

highways travelled by backcountry enthusiasts and at most of the 85 managed snowmobile areas in the province. Keep in mind that historic mine sites and other structures are not always marked and can be extremely dangerous.

Ensure that you have proper training and carry the right gear. For instance, a beacon, probe and a shovel are considered essential for backcountry activities.

Skiers and snowboarders should always stay within the marked runs of ski resorts. Straying out of bounds can put you

and others at risk.

Plan for any trip to the backcountry by reviewing existing avalanche bulletins and accessing a complete list of essential and recommended equipment, which can be found on the Canadian Avalanche Centre’s website at http://www. avalanche.ca.

Your safety, and the safety of all British Columbians, is a priority for the provincial government.

Funding is being used to improve forecasting and public awareness about

avalanche risks, and to purchase equipment such as helicopter-based avalanche beacon signal receivers to help emergency responders locate people from the air.

We all recognize that this province is home to some of the most spectacular scenery in the world. Please take the time to respect the terrain and educate yourself about its inherent dangers before you enjoy it. Knowledge and preparation could help to save your life and the lives of the people around you.

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January 26, 2011

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Lisa Rose Mar, a Canadian teaching at the University of Maryland, speaking at the UVic during launch of her new book “Brokering Belonging: Chinese in Canada’s Exclusion Era, 1885-1945.” Brokering Belonging traces several generations of Chinese “brokers,” ethnic leaders who acted as intermediaries between the Chinese and Anglo worlds of Canada. Before World War II, most Chinese could not vote and many were illegal immigrants, so brokers played informal but necessary roles as representatives to the larger society.

Lisa Rose Mar’s study of Chinatown leaders shows how politics helped establish North America’s first major group of illegal immigrants. Drawing on new Chinese language evidence, her dramatic account of political power struggles over representing Chinese Canadians offers a transnational immigrant view of history, centered in a Pacific World that joins Canada, the United States, China, and the British Empire. Photo by Mohsin Abbas/Diversity Reporter Staff

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January 26, 2011

11

Prodigy Group Celebrates 4th Anniversary

“January 13th celebrated the 4th Anniversary of the Prodigy Group, as 120 members filled the Ambrosia Events Center to connect and socialize in style. This group of motivated, emerging leaders began to give access to business in Victoria, and to network with like minded individuals. 4 years later, Prodigy has gained momentum and now boasts over 325 members, representative of a variety of industries and sectors. It is quickly becoming the group to be a part of if you seeking opportunity and connectedness in Victoria. This year’s Prodigy Chair, Janell Karst commented “it is an honour to be amongst such passionate people, and I am excited to be part of furthering leadership in Victoria”. One of the highlight’s of January’s Mingle and Anniversary celebration was the presence of Mayor Dean Fortin who stated that (the) “Prodigy Group and it’s members are an important part of the professional community in Victoria. As the city launches our economic development strategy, I hope that the members plug into the project and contribute their skill, enthusiasm, and experience.” (Report by Ashley Strachan, Photos By Mohsin Abbas/Diversity Reporter Staff)

YES MIXER with Brian Walsh

ASIAN CANADIAN JOURNALISTS ASSOCIATION (ACJA) PRESENTS

2011 FREEDOM OF SPEECH FORUM Victoria British Columbia March 2011 (Date & Time TBA)

Come listen and engage in dialogue with journalists Ethan Baron and Hafiz Imran

Free and open to the public.

Brian Walsh, a specialist in accelerated learning and a clinical hypnotherapist spoke to the YES Mixer in Victoria. Photo by Mohsin Abbas/Diversity Reporter Staff

Mohsin Abbas, Editor Diversity Reporter introducing Victoria’s first ever multilingual biweekly newspaper to the YES members

SPEAKERS

Ethan Baron spent four years as a general-assignment reporter at The Province before taking on the job of columnist in 2009. He has worked as one sort of journalist or another for more than 15 years, in the U.S. and Canada, after receiving a master’s degree in journalism from the University of California, Berkeley. Covering all manner of stories, his work has taken him to crime scenes, courtrooms, carnivals and war zones, with occasional stops at crack houses and grandmothers’ kitchens.

Hafiz Imran, a young reporter for the Dunya TV fled Pakistan last December after receiving death threats. His house was visited by a group of more than 10 men, including several dressed in police uniforms, on the night of August 29. Imran had reported extensively on the August 15, 2010 public killing of two brothers in his home town of Sialkot in Pakistan’s Punjab province, pressing the police and courts to solve the case. The case received wide coverage in Pakistan and internationally.

For information and sponsorship opportunities: contact@diversityreporter.com (250)-412-1724

Photos Courtesy Joanie McCorry

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January 26, 2011

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Avoided by Bollywood, Kashmir Favoured Location for Novelists and scientist kidnapped by the militants.

Ex-Armyman Abhay Nandan Sapru’s Sapru’s In the Valley of Shadows has an Indian army Major taking on a mujahid.

In the 63 years since Independence plenty on non-fiction has been written on the valley. What is little known, though, is that even during the early years of independence, Kashmir was the setting for novels in English. Mulk Raj Anand’s Death of a Hero is based on the legend of Maqbool Sherwani, who died defending the border in 1947. Alan Moorehead’s 1948 novel The Rage of the Vulture is about the British in Srinagar.

For publishers, a book on Kashmir is a good proposition. “It’s a topical issue.

To publish them makes business sense,” says publisher Shobit Arya. Adds another publisher Kapish Mehra, “This is not a subject one can take lightly. We would prefer someone who has either lived there or been to Kashmir.” He claims to be looking at two more works on Kashmir.

Most of these books are based on per-

NEW DELHI: Once Kashmir was Bollywood’s favoured location where heroes and heroines cavorted in snow.

Then militancy began and the strife-torn valley ceased to be the preferred destination for feelgood filmmakers. Of late, though, Kashmir is the centre-point of literary imagination with a number of authors penning their narratives around themes of terror, death, exile and angst.

Siddhartha Gigoo’s novel, Garden of Solitude, which released earlier this month, is about the ache of migrant Kashmiri pandits. Mirza Waheed’s The Collaborator, tells the poignant story of a teenaged boy caught in the crossfire between the militants and the army. Last year Jaspreet Singh, who lives in Canadian Rockies, wrote Chef whose Sikh protagonist Kirpal Singh cooks for the Army in the Valley. And graphic novelist Sajad Malik is in talks to publish his latest graphic novel -The Kashmir Intifada.

Bharat Wakhlu’s Close Call in Kashmir is a taut thriller with three people hot on the trail of a 300-year-old scroll

sonal experiences of the authors. Delhibased Wakhlu spent his formative years in the valley, and still visits his relatives there. Gigoo was 15 when he moved to Delhi with his family in 1990, after it

became difficult for them to stay on. “I used to narrate little anecdotes to my friends about how we came and how we survived, even simple things like adjusting to the hot sun here. They found these too fantastic to be true. I knew I had to write about it,” he says.

Malik, 23, works as a cartoonist for the Srinagar-based newspaper Greater Kashmir, has been living in the Valley since he was born. His blog, Kashmir Black and White, includes two mini graphic novels. “As an artist, there is a lot that has to be done here. We have to go beyond the conflict and realize that people live here. And that they too have dreams,” he argues passionately.

Through their works, the writers hope to bring out every aspect of the valley.

“There is much more to Kashmir than stone pelters and the conflict with Pakistan. Buddhism spread to Asia through Kashmir. It has a rich history going back as far as 250 BC. It is important to talk about them and about the common man there,” says Wakhlu. (Times of India)

North America’s Largest Tea Festival Celebrates Fifth Anniversary The one month countdown has begun to the launch of North America’s largest tea festival. The 5th Annual Tea Festival takes place Saturday, February 12th and Sunday, February 13th at Victoria’s historic Crystal Garden. Over 3,000 Greater Victoria residents and visitors are anticipated to attend this weekend tea extravaganza that presents tea from

every possible angle.

Festival attendees can taste of teas that originate from around the world, sample tea-food selections, attend complimentary presentations on a variety of tea topics, shop for hundreds of teas, tea-related products, and exquisite tea wares, and bid on items in the Festival’s Silent Auction (also on line at www.gobid.ca from

5th annual

February 12-13, 2011 Crystal Garden Victoria, BC

Weekend Pass:

$20 advance • $25 door Saturday 12-5pm Sunday 11am-4pm

for info and ticket outlets: www.victoriateafestival.com 250-370-4880

proceeds to Camosun College Child Care Services

presenting sponsor

platinum sponsors

diamond sponsor

media sponsors

January 16 to February 18).

Advance tickets are $20 each; $25 at the door. As a fifth anniversary gift of appreciation to the community, patrons are invited to buy five tickets and get one free.

For a complete list of ticket outlets, event details and presentation descriptions, visit www.victoriateafestival.com

or call 250-370-4880.

The Victoria Tea Festival is a fundraiser for Camosun College’s Child Care Services. Providing high quality child care on campus allows parents the opportunity to pursue their educational and career goals while raising children. All proceeds from the festival are used for resources, special projects and an annual student bursary.

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India: Suicide Capital of The World

By Sujoy Dhar “India has become the suicide capital of the world,” says Dr. Daya Singh Sandhu, a counselling psychology professor at the University of Louisville in the U.S. As a Fulbright-Nehru Senior Research Scholar at Guru Nanak Dev University in Amritsar, India, Daya Singh spent five months in India last year researching suicide trends in the country.

“While I was in India from January to June 2010, I was troubled to read headline news almost on a daily basis about students, farmers, and housewives hanging themselves, jumping before trains, taking poison, and committing self-immolation,” says Daya Singh.

Beyond the walls of an abandoned factory here, Arun Bag now contends with the tragic memories of his father who killed himself after their farmland was seized to build a plant for the ‘world’s cheapest car’.

“Since his childhood he had only known the field, the plough and the harvest. When the land was acquired forcibly by the government for the Tata Motors Nano car plant he became jobless,” says Arun Bag, remembering his father Haradhan Bag of Singur, an hour’s drive from Kolkata, the capital of eastern state West Bengal.

“He had slipped into depression. One day he took his life consuming insecticides,” Arun said. Haradhan Bag, who committed suicide at the age of 76 in March 2007, is one of the thousands of Indian farmers who have taken their lives, unable to cope with economic plight, failed crops, farm debts and displacement.

In India, one farmer committed suicide every 32 minutes between 1997 and 2005, according to P. Sainath, a writer on Indian poverty who calculated the statistic from National Crime Records Bureau figures.

Farmers and students are most at risk.

According to the latest statistics of India’s National Crime Records Bureau, 127,151 people in India committed suicide in 2009. This indicates an increase of 1.7 percent over the previous year’s figures.

Suicide is a great social leveller in India, Asia’s third largest and one the world’s fastest growing economies with a projected GDP growth of 8.6 percent from 2010-11.

Displaced farmers like Haradhan Bag of Singur are battling the problem along with debt-ridden farmers of

The Sikh Kirpan: No Religious freedom for Sikhs in Quebec

January 26, 2011 the Vidarbha region in Maharashtra. But middle-class urban families and students at India’s prestigious academic institutions are battling the problem as well.

In the bustling metropolis of Kolkata, barely 40 kilometres away from Haradhan Bag’s village, the media focus is now on the suicide of a 13-year- old student in one of the city’s elite schools.

Every 4 minutes, one commits suicide in India: NCRB report Farmer suicides increase at an alarming rate

Rouvanjit Rawla, an eighth standard student of La Martiniere for Boys, hanged himself at home in February last year after he was caned by a teacher at the school.

“I am now fighting for justice and to see that corporal punishment is done away with,” says Ajay Rawla, the father of the boy who is waging a legal battle against the school authorities.

The National Commission for Protection of Child Rights has recently ruled that Rouvanjit was driven to suicide by the school which practises corporal punishment.

Upon arrival Tuesday morning, guards told them they would have to remove their kirpans which would be stored in a safe place. It is forbidden to remove the kirpan in the Sikh religion which is kept against the skin under clothing. The four men refused to do so and were subsequently denied entry.

By William Belle This past Tuesday, representatives of the World Sikh Organization were invited to address a legislative committee at Quebec’s national assembly about Bill 94, the proposed law on the reasonable accommodation of the religious and cultural practices of minorities in the Quebec civil service and society in general. In what anybody could only consider as ironic, the group arrived at the legislature only to be denied entry. Obviously the reasonable accommodation of the religious and cultural practices of minorities still needs some work.

As the story goes, the four men from Toronto, Ottawa and Montreal did contact the National Assembly security to inquire if their religious ceremonial daggers would present a problem but received conflicting responses.

They decided to come anyway.

The chair of the legislative committee, Parti Québécois assembly member Bernard Drainville, was quoted as saying, “This decision was taken by the security services, solely for security reasons.”

According to the CBC, both the Canadian Parliament in Ottawa and the Supreme Court of Canada allow kirpans. In Ontario, the Liberal MP for Mississauga-Brampton South MP, Navdeep Bains, is a Sikh and he has been wearing his kirpan in Commons since 2004.

Certainly there is a joke to be had out of all of this.

Balpreet Singh, one of the four denied entry was reported to have said, “Unfortunately, we weren’t allowed to enter because we wear the kirpan, which is a bit ironic because we were here to speak upon the issue of accommodation and we weren’t accommodated.”

The Montreal Gazette of January 21/2011 in an article

13

Daya Singh says that though the media highlights the issue, the Indian government turns a blind eye to the problem at all levels - local, state, and national.

“There is no awareness about depression in India,” he says.

Interviewing a large number of students in India, he found academic pressure, parental expectations, marriage tension and relationships to be the primary causes of suicide among young people.

“I was stunned that all the students I interviewed mentioned that at least 70 percent of them have a prem rog (love sickness) and they live loveless lives,” Daya Singh said. “They do not feel anchored anywhere. There seems to be no genuine parental love, but only conditional love.

They are also strictly prohibited to engage in romantic love, as there is no dating system.”

There are very few counselling centres in India, given the number of suicide cases, according to Daya Singh.

Lifeline Foundation in Kolkata is the only counselling centre of its kind in a city of 15 million people. It is also the only one in the West Bengal state of 80 million people.

“The parental pressure to excel in academics or jobs is a driver of suicide while it can combine with factors like substance abuse and relationship and family problems,” says Jayashree Shome, deputy director of Lifeline Foundation.

The centre offers a hotline and face-to-face support for people who are distressed or suicidal, but not many are aware of its existence.

“People who feel suicidal don’t want answers or solutions. They want a safe place to express their fears and anxieties, to be themselves,” she says. “We need to understand things from their perspective, not ours.”

According to Daya Singh, the India Mental Health Act of 1987 is limited only to the treatment and care of mentally ill persons who suffer specifically from diseases such as schizophrenia, bipolar and obsessive-compulsive disorders.

“The India Mental Health Act of 1987 is clearly good only at laying down guidelines for establishment and maintenance of psychiatric hospitals and nursing homes... It is limited in scope and services that precludes persons who suffer from numerous other mental health problems such as suicide ideations, alcoholism and substance abuse problems, family, and community violence, anxiety and stress disorders,” he says.

Daya Singh says there is an urgent need to ramp up mental health counselling in India.

“Most likely with economical help from the government, I would hope that the farmers’ suicide problems can be taken care of very soon,” he says.

entitled “A shameful violation of religious freedom” wonders out loud “what the powers who be in Quebec City were thinking”. The paper’s conclusion points to xenophobia and intolerance but which is even more bizarre, that conclusion also speculates on the political machinations of both the Bloc and the Parti Quebecois in raising sympathies for their sovereignist agenda.

Witness the jaw-dropping statement by the PQ’s Louise Beaudoin in the aftermath of the kirpan kerfuffle: “Multiculturalism may be a Canadian value. But it is not a Quebec one.”

In the commentary entitled “This is tolerance?” by Joseph Aspler Kirkland (Montreal Gazette - Jan 21/2011), the author talks of this quote from Louise Beaudoin as representative of a longing for an old Quebec: 100-percent white, francophone, and preferably Catholic. This certainly isn’t a politic of tolerance.

The Globe and Mail (Jan 21/11) writes “Religious freedom exists but there are other values,” said Louise Beaudoin, the PQ’s designated critic for secularism. “For instance, multiculturalism is not a Quebec value. It may be a Canadian one but it is not a Quebec one.”

Excuse me? The Globe and Mail goes how to explain a fundamental difference between Quebec and the rest of Canada. The English side of Canada doesn’t think too much about accommodation. Foreigners are brought into the fold; they become part of Canada. Quebec takes a stance of protecting itself, its history, its language and its institutions. Therein lies the rub. What may be selfprotection comes across as intolerance.

I was amused to read the Globe’s statement, “That there exists such a position as secularism critic boggles an English-Canadian mind. “ This seems to be a complicated issue. Stay tuned; more to come.

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January 26, 2011

Kirpans: Quebec Demonizes Minorities To Further Separatist Agenda

By Haroon Siddiqui When a majority feels threatened by minorities, it’s a society lacking self-confidence and wallowing in victimhood. That’s Quebec these days.

It has whipped itself into a frenzy - first, over Orthodox Jews, then Muslims in general and niqab-wearing women in particular, and now, kirpan-carrying Sikhs.

This is ironic and sad.

A Catholic majority that rightly ended the historic domination by the Protestant minority in the province of Quebec in Canada, and ensured a re-blossoming of the minority French language in a sea of English North America is now demonizing its own minorities.

At the very least, it’s letting politicians exploit collective insecurities by claiming that majority mores are imperiled by minority demands.

What makes it worse is that it’s the Parti Québécois that’s playing this dirty game to resurrect itself and breathe life into its failed separatist project. It has put the government of Jean Charest on the defensive, forcing him to play catch-up.

But it’s really the premier’s own fault, dating back to 2007.

Mario Dumont of Action démocratique was making headway campaigning against immigrants and minori-

www.diversityreporter.com ties. Charest ducked and set up a commission on reasonable accommodation. The ploy did not work, as his Liberals were reduced to a minority and Dumont became leader of the opposition.

The commission got an earful from witnesses that their society was being changed for the worse by Jews, Sikhs and especially Muslims. But in its 2008 report, the commission said there was no crisis. Minorities were not making unreasonable demands. And it laid down sensible guidelines for majority-minority relations in a secular, democratic society.

With the crisis diffused, Charest called a snap election in December 2008, and won back his majority, crushing Action démocratique and triggering Dumont’s exit from politics.

Enter the PQ’s Pauline Marois, picking up his banner of identity politics. She railed against Orthodox Jews wanting to open their separate schools on Sundays (to make up for activities interrupted by the Saturday Sabbath). She wanted the niqab banned.

Charest half obliged. He allowed Jewish schools on Sundays but introduced an anti-niqab bill last year. Those not showing their face would be denied all government services, including health care.

Those opposing the draconian bill included the Jewish Orthodox Council of Quebec. On Tuesday, a group of Sikhs went to the National Assembly to do the same.

But they were denied entry because they were carrying kirpans, even though there’s no such ban in Parliament or other provincial assemblies. (OnWednesday, the Bloc Québécois jumped on the PQ bandwagon and demanded a ban in Parliament.) There’s also the unanimous 2006 Supreme Court ruling in a Quebec case that schools cannot ban kirpans, only place some limitations for safety.

Such give-and-take already also governs the niqab,

Engaging Students Through Effective Questions

By Mary-Anne Neal In what ways might questioning techniques improve student learning? What kinds of questions enable educators to tap into different parts of the cognitive domain?

How can questions engage students when their attention begins to wander? Many questions at the lower levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy – particularly knowledge and comprehension – are closed-ended questions. Higher order reasoning, such as synthesis and evaluation, is stimulated through the use of open-ended questions. Asking an open-ended question is a way to elicit discussion, brainstorm solutions to a problem, or create opportunities for thinking outside the box. The highest-order open-ended questions engage students in dynamic thinking and learning, where they must synthesize information, analyze ideas, and draw their own conclusions, preparing them for the larger community, where few issues are blackand-white. Adolescents need to become critical thinkers, find their own voice, and be recognized for having opinions that matter.

Good teaching is more a giving of right questions than a giving of right answers. - Josef Albers (1888-1976) My youngest son Robbie, aged 12, often asks thoughtprovoking questions. Every few days he surprises me with a topic that seems to come out of the blue. Responding appropriately and respectfully can be a real challenge for me. Here are some examples of questions he has posed recently:

• • • •

Who invented the alphabet?

Do dogs have feelings like we do?

How do people measure the height of a mountain?

Why do we use the same word (“love”) to describe what we feel for family members and also to describe romantic feelings?

• If you were alone in the house, and the phone was disconnected, and a robber was coming in, what would you do?

• Which way will my paper airplane fly farther – if I point it up or if I point it sideways?

• How do painkillers work?

• What would you do if you knew you only had two days to live?

And many, many more, often beginning with “What would happen if …?” There are no easy answers to any of the above questions, and they are great conversationstarters. What I like about Robbie’s questions is that they open up ways to explore what other people might think, not just about the question itself, but also about related topics. Thanks to Robbie’s open-ended questioning technique, he and I have discussed ancient Egypt, the nature of emotions, the scientific process, the use of drugs, personal values, slide-rules, mathematical principles, safety procedures, and many other assorted subjects. Often I respond to Robbie’s query with another question, such as

with women lifting their veils for purposes of identification, passport and security.

Yet the PQ keeps stoking the fires. It said that a ban on the kirpan be included in the anti-niqab bill. It anchored the demagoguery in its anti-Canadian creed.

“Multiculturalism may be a Canadian value but it’s not a Quebec one,” said Louise Beaudoin, PQ critic for secularism. “We haven’t signed the Constitution of Canada because it contains this notion of multiculturalism.”

This is revisionist nonsense. Quebec was the only province not to sign the 1982 Constitution but not necessarily for that reason. Besides, Quebec is not immune from Canadian law, especially as laid down by the Supreme Court.

Yet, the Charest Liberals demurred. Immigration Minister Kathleen Weil refused to take a stand, talking vaguely about “pluralism” and “openness.”

This is empty rhetoric. Liberals need to stand up for liberal, democratic, secular principles, including freedom of religion and protection from those who attack its expression - as in the vandalism at six Jewish institutions in Montreal over the weekend.

Sending police after the fact is only the reactive stage of a governmental process that begins with engendering respect for diverse peoples rather than mollycoddling the bigots braying at them.

Haroon Siddiqui is The Toronto Star’s editorial page editor emeritus.

Courtesy: The Toronto Star “What do you think?” He is quick to divulge his opinion, and the great debate begins.

One of the reasons I am so intrigued by Robbie’s questions is that, somewhere along the way to adulthood, I began to forget how to ask wide-open questions. When I was a student in school, I was so busy learning the answers, I forgot how to ask the really deep questions. As a teacher, I had to re-learn questioning techniques in order to engage students in their learning. That’s because I couldn’t help noticing the students’ eyes glaze over when I went off on a long-winded tangent. A thoughtprovoking question could bring them back to the subject, though, and that’s when I saw the wheels start turning.

The right questions can get learners talking, discussing, reflecting, and writing their thoughts. That’s when they really begin to “own” their learning.

In what ways might questioning techniques improve student learning? What kinds of questions enable educators to tap into different parts of the cognitive domain?

How can questions engage students when their attention begins to wander?

Student Engagement Like many teachers, I have seen my students begin to doodle or show signs of boredom as I explained a point or waxed eloquent about the subject under discussion.

When I first saw this happen during the early years of my teaching career, my initial response was to talk faster or louder, gesticulate, write on the board, or otherwise enliven my performance. But I’ve changed. Now, when I notice the students’ attention waning, I immediately reconnect with them in a very different way. How? Instead of trying to keep the focus on my message, I reverse the focus so it is squarely with the students. I stop talking and start asking questions.

For example, I was recently teaching communications students about the changes that have taken place in the English language over the past hundred years. When I detected some of the students losing interest, I stopped right in the middle of a sentence. I waited a moment, and then I asked them: “Turn to the person next to you and, together, make a list of ten words that you think are recent additions to the English language. You have five minutes for this exercise. Then we will compare your ideas. Go!” The students looked at each other and started talking.

Those who had been daydreaming immediately got down to work because of the immediate attention from their “shoulder partners.”

Asking secondary students insightful questions has many benefits for professional teaching practice. Whether the response is intended to be written, spoken, dramatized, or conveyed in some other manner, it will provide feedback on how successful the lesson was in stimulating their

www.diversityreporter.com thought processes. The students will reflect on their learning through higher-level thinking processes such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, or summation. Finally, students are more likely to remember what they have learned when they explore the implications of their learning.

Benjamin Bloom is credited with developing a way to categorize levels of reasoning skills in the 1950s. His taxonomy of questions is a widely-accepted framework that many teachers use to guide their students through the learning process. Though not necessarily sequential, the hierarchy of Bloom’s Taxonomy is often depicted as a pyramid, with simple knowledge-based recall questions at the base. Questions higher on the pyramid are more complex and demand higher cognitive skills from the students.

Bloom’s Taxonomy provides a structure for developing questions that encourage students to think on different levels. In order, the levels are: • Knowledge (facts, recall, recognition) • Comprehension (translation, interpretation, extrapolation) • Application (to new or unfamiliar situations) • Analysis (break into parts) • Synthesis (combine elements into a new pattern) • Evaluation (apply criteria to defend the conclusion) Within each level, closed-ended and open-ended questions can be constructed to engage students in different kinds of cognition.

Closed-ended and Open-ended Questions Let’s consider two common forms of questions: closed-ended and open-ended. A closed-ended question (sometimes called a convergent question) is a way to find a specific answer. These questions can usually be answered with one or two words. Closed questions work well for simple recall, to determine whether students understand a concept or for review.

Closed-ended questions are common in everyday communication situations. We use them when we need specific information quickly: • What time is dinner?

• How much did that cost?

• Have you finished your work?

• Who won the soccer game?

Closed-ended questions and statements are appropriate on a pop quiz, to check for understanding, or to determine whether students completed their homework.

However, for other purposes, their effectiveness is limited. For example, they are not effective when you want students to open up and freely express feelings or ideas.

Closed questions do not usually encourage reflective dialogue or creative thinking. Faced with a barrage of closed-ended questions, students sometimes feel that they are being interrogated. Similarly, they may interpret a series of closed questions as an attempt by the teacher to control the direction of the discussion.

Another often-overlooked danger in closed-ended questions is that the question itself could be misleading.

For example, young children will ask, “Is Santa Claus real?” Phrasing the question in this manner suggests that Santa Claus has physical characteristics; taken as a closed-ended question, it precludes discussion of the spirit of Christmas or the nature of contemporary Christmas traditions. Indeed, most children who ask this question are just becoming aware of symbols and metaphors, so I prefer to interpret the query as a child’s effort to begin a discussion about Christmas and gift-giving. It is an opportunity to enter into an open-ended dialogue about who or what Santa Claus represents, the reason(s) that people give gifts, whether a true gift needs recognition of the giver, our own roles in our families and communities, and other related ideas as the conversation unfolds.

Many questions at the lower levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy – particularly knowledge and comprehension – are closed-ended questions. Higher order reasoning such as synthesis and evaluation is stimulated through the use of open-ended questions.

Asking an open-ended question (sometimes called a divergent question) is a way to elicit discussion, brainstorm solutions to a problem, or create opportunities for thinking outside the box. The highest-order open-ended questions engage students in dynamic thinking and learning, where they must synthesize information, analyze ideas and draw their own conclusions. Some examples are: • Why did the Vietnam War take place?

• How did you solve the numbers problem?

• What do you think will happen in this experiment?

Open-ended questions can also be phrased as commands or statements: • Describe how photosynthesis works.

CLASSIFIED

• Please explain the main character’s motives.

• Discuss the fairness of Canada’s judicial system.

When students believe that you have a “correct answer” in mind, they are slow to respond. On the other hand, a true open-ended question sincerely invites authentic reflection and discussion.

Questions such as the above invite the students to elaborate on their thoughts without limiting the direction of the discussion. That’s because, like the response to Robbie’s questions, a respectful answer will be longer than a word or phrase. Instead, an appropriate response requires at least a few sentences or paragraphs. Beware!

Answers to open-ended questions can surprise and baffle even the most experienced educators.

Engaging Students at a Deeper Level For the purpose of student engagement, an open-ended question is a powerful tool that any teacher can employ. I am not talking about an occasional question thrown out to the class. Nor do I mean a rhetorical question, to which the teacher has a pre-conceived answer. When students believe that you have a “correct answer” in mind, they are slow to respond. On the other hand, a true open-ended question sincerely invites authentic reflection and discussion.

In the larger community outside the classroom walls, few issues are black-and-white. That’s why, in order to become fully contributing members of our society, adolescents need to become critical thinkers, find their own voice, and be recognized for having opinions that matter.

Innovative thinking is valued in our fast-changing society, and our classroom questioning techniques can help prepare young adults for what lies ahead.

Formulating open-ended questions is often more difficult than designing closed-ended questions. Open-ended questions or statements are most appropriate when you want to: • Brainstorm ideas • Problem-solve • Look for lots of information • Encourage thinking “outside the box” • Resolve conflict • Negotiate agreement • Elicit higher-level thinking such as application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation Effective teachers use a combination of open and closed questions, depending on their purpose. In designing lesson plans, we keep in mind learning outcomes. As our lesson plan becomes more specific and detailed, we ask ourselves, “What is my objective?” or “What kind of question will help achieve the learning outcome?”

Let’s say that you are teaching a lesson on poetry.

You have already motivated the students by linking poetry with music. Perhaps you have discussed how the lyrics and melody of a song reinforce the theme. Now it’s time to see if the learners understand a poem that was assigned for homework. Whether you ask the initial questions orally or in writing, you want to “warm up” your students with some relatively straightforward, closed questions (simple recall) such as: • What is the name of the poem you read last night?

• Who is the author?

• What is the subject of the poem?

• Did you understand it? Did you like it?

After three or four such closed questions, students are ready to think about and respond to some open-ended, higher-level questions, such as: • Why do you think the author wrote this poem?

• What mood did he intend to convey?

• What did you like or dislike about this poem?

A similar technique can be utilized in designing quizzes. In setting the questions, I usually begin the quiz with relatively straight-forward recall or recognition questions before moving to more complex, open-ended questions.

Once students are familiar with different questioning styles, they can be asked to design their own questions.

For example, students who are dissecting a frog might be required to compose three closed-ended questions and three open-ended questions about that activity. The nature and depth of their questions will often surprise even the most experienced educators. They might be ready to explore the concept of metacognition and/or Bloom’s taxonomy of questions.

Since the term “metacognition” was coined by John Flavell in the 1970s, the concept has become an important part of the ongoing dialogue about student learning.

Metacognition – i.e., an individual’s awareness of his or her thought processes – requires an ability to stand back and observe oneself. Most adolescent learners are mature enough to review their progress, identify their achieve-

January 26, 2011

15

ments, and chart their direction.

Inside and outside the classroom, we all need to be mindful of open-ended questions that masquerade as closed questions. When a student asks me, “Should I go to college?” he has phrased his question as if it is closedended. In reality, this is an example of an open-ended question disguised as a closed question. The person asking the question does not want a one-word answer “Yes” or “No.” The underlying message I take from this question is that the student wants to talk about the implications of pursuing a post-secondary education, whether making the commitment is a good idea, how much it will cost, and who knows what else.

Parent-Teacher Communication Meeting parents in person is an ideal time to ask openended questions. The purpose? To learn something unique about each student from the parent’s perspective. On Parent-Teacher night, parents sometimes have to wait in line to meet their child’s teacher. Those few minutes are precious. How can they best be utilized? I have engaged parents and learned more about my students by having paper and pens handy, with open-ended questions or statements that will provide insight into my students’ needs and abilities, or parental expectations – questions such as: • What would you like me to know about your son/ daughter?

• What are your thoughts about homework?

• What do you hope your son/daughter will achieve in this class this year?

Of course, questions should be tailored to meet different objectives or to reach out to specific communities of learners.

Conclusion When we ask open-ended questions of ourselves and our students, the answers sometimes surprise us. Here are some sample questions you might ask of yourself or your students to explore your thoughts: If I were not in school right now, I would be ….

The most amazing thing that happened to me …

I think school could be …

I wish people would …

My idea of happiness is …

In five years, I want to …

In moments of weakness I …

My worst fear is …

My greatest hope is …

I’m good at …

I’m not good at …

I live by this principle: So, go ahead. Ask an open-ended question and explore the cognitive domain. You never know what you might learn.

About the author Mary-Anne Neal, M. Ed., is a veteran secondary school teacher with a passion for celebrating and improving student achievement. She has traveled widely in British Columbia, speaking and facilitating workshops for parents, teachers, and community members and has won numerous awards for teaching, writing, and public speaking.

16 January 26, 2011

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www.diversityreporter.com Ó≈√±Ó «ÁÒ √ÈÕ ¿π‘Ȫ 鱧 Òæ«◊¡≈ «’ ÒØ’ ‘π‰ ¿π‘Ȫ 鱧 «¬æ‹Â Ì∆¡ª Șª È≈Ò È‘∆∫ Á∂÷‰◊∂Õ Ï≈‘ Ú≈Ò∂ ª ’∆,

Ú≈Ò∂ Ú∆ ¿π‘Ȫ È±ß Ï‘π Âß◊ ’È◊∂Õ ÁØÚ∂∫ ¤Ø‡∆ ¿πÓ Á∂ √È, «¬√ ’’∂ Ó≈Ô±√ ‘Ø ◊¬∂Õ «Î ÁØÚª È∂ «¬’ ÎÀ√Ò≈ ¯˜∆ÿ’∆Â≈Õ Í¤≈‰ Ú≈Ò∂ ÓØÏ≈¬∆Ò Ë≈’ª È∂ Í≥‹≈Ï Íπ«Ò√ Á∆ “ÿ≥‡∆ Ú‹≈¬∆” Í ÁØÚ∂∫ «‹æÒ Ì∆ «˜ßÁ◊∆ ÂØ∫ «’È≈≈ ’’∂ ÓΩÂ È±ß ◊Ò∂ Ò◊≈¿π‰ Ò¬∆ ¿π√ ‘È∂∆ ≈ «Ú⁄ ´’Á∂-´’≈¿π∫Á∂

¡‹∆Â⁄ßÚ∆’Ò∆ «Ï¿±Í‘π Ø ß⁄ ◊¬ÀÕ ÁØÚ∂∫ ÁπÈ∆¡≈ ˘ Áæ√ Á∂‰≈ ⁄≈‘πßÁ∂ √È «’ «Í¡≈ ’Á∆ ÓÁ≈ È‘∆∫,’ØÏÒ«’ Ò Ó≈ÓÒ≈ Á‹‘Ø ’Ú≈¬∂ ◊∆Õ ‹ÁØ∫ ◊Ø≈Ì≈·≈ ¡Ó ‹ªÁ≈ ˛Õ ================= √Ï≥«Ë ’≥ÍÈ∆ Ú∆ ¡≈͉∆ «¬‘ ÁØÚ∂∫ ⁄ÒÁ∂-⁄ÒÁ∂ ÊØÛ∑∆ Á± «◊¡≈Õ «¬æË √≈«’≈ ¡≈͉∆ √‘∂Ò∆⁄≥Òæ ¡⁄≈È’ Íπ«Ò√ √‡∂ÙÈ «’√∂ È∂∂ ∆Õ «¬‘∆ Ï߇«Úº ∆ Á≈ √∆Õ ÁØÚ∂∫ ’Á∆ ’Á∆ «ÓÒÁ∂ ª «Í¡≈ ÷∂ÓÒ≈Ò ¡æ÷ª «Ú⁄ ¡æ÷ª «ÓÒ≈ Ï߇∆ ’πfi ÍÒ ÷≈ÓØÙ «‘≈, Íz∂Ù≈È∆È‘∆∫ «Ú⁄ ÍÀ «ÈÌ≈¿∞ «◊¡≈Õ «¬’ ª ÿ ‚◊∆◊Û∑ -Á∂‘≈Ò Ù Ì ⁄ Ú∆ Î˜∆ «˜≥ «Î Ó ∂ Ú ≈∆ ∫ Á∆ ª √±⁄È≈ «ÁæÂ∆ «’ «¬’ ÒÛ’∂ ¡Â∂ «¬æË ¿πË Á∆¡ª ◊æÒª ’Á∂ ‘∂Õ È≈Ò ‘≈√≈-Ó˜≈’ ’Á∂ √’±Ò ÂØ∫ ÿ ¿π‘ ¿π√Á∂ ȘÁ∆’ ¡≈ ’∂ «ÏȪ «’√∂ Á∆¡ª ◊æÒª ’Á∂Õ Í ¿π‘Ȫ ÁØÚª ’∂ ÏØ«Ò¡≈, «’√∂ È∂ Ú∆ «’‘≈ ‘ØÚ∂, «’√∂ ÈÂ∆‹∂ Â∂ Í‘πß⁄Á∂ ÏØ«Ò¡≈, √≈‚∂ ÂØ∫ ÍÀ√∂ ◊≈«¬Ï √È ¡Â∂ Á±‹≈ ¿π‘Ȫ ͤ≈‰ Á∂ ¡≈Ë≈ ”Â∂ ÓØ Ï ≈¬∆Ò ÎØ È ª ÓΩ ‹ » Á ≈ «ÈÔÓª ¡È∞ √ ≈ ‡∆.¬∆. «¬√∂ ‹ÁØ ÁΩ≈È Áæ«√¡≈ «’ ÚæÒ ‹≈ÂØ‘∆ ÒÛ’∆ È∂ Ϊ√∆ Ò◊≈ Ï߇∆ Á∆ Ș ¿π√ Â∂ ̱«Ó’≈ Á∂ ÏØ«Ò¡≈, ‹∂’ ÓÀ∫ ’‘ª «’ Á∂ Ï⁄ÍÈ∂ Á∂ ’≈È ¿π‘Ȫ È±ß Ì«Úæ÷ Í 屧 ˜≈ Â∆’∂ È≈Ò «‘, √Ófi∆Õ «Í¡≈ Á∂ Ï≈∂ «’√∂ 鱧 ÍÂ≈ Òæ◊∂, ¿π√ ÍÀ«√¡ª Á∆ ‹≈‰’≈∆ ÷∂ÓÒ≈Ò È±ß È‘∆∫ ¶‚È’«‘ß’∂Á¡≈ÂÓ ∂ ‘È «’ ∫ √≈«’≈ «Ïz‡∂ÈÈ∂ Á∂ ≈‹ÿ≈‰∂ ∫ ‘Ø√∆Õ√’Á≈ ’∞∫ ÈÂπÀ’‘ÙÈ Ò‰ Á≈’Á≈ ÷πÒ≈√≈ ¡≈.¡À Ó . «’¿π Úº∫«Ò ËÂ Í È∆, ‘æ«Â¡≈ ’ Ò¬∆Õ √±⁄È≈ «ÓÒÁ∂ ‘∆ ¿π√Á≈ Ȫ √≈«’≈ ˛ ¡Â∂ ¤∂Ú∆∫ ͬ∆, ª ¿π‘ ¿π‘Ȫ ÁØÚª ÂØ∫ ÊØÁ∂ Û∑≈Òº ¡æ÷ ◊ª∂ ÓÀ ≈ȱ ß ⁄º «Í¡≈ ‘ª Á≈ ÍÂ≈ È‘∆∫ √∆Õ È≈ ‘∆ ¿π ‘ Ȫ √≈«’≈ √Ϙ∆ Á≈ ‡Ø’≈ ÒÀ ’∂ ÂØ∫ Í«‘Òª ‘∆ ¡√∆∫ «¬‘Ȫ ÒØ ’ª Á∆ √∆Õ ’ Ø ∫÷∂Ó√Ï≥ Ò≈Ò«Á∆ Ù≈Ï’≥Í∆‰ Á∆ ¬∆ÙÚ «Áß Á ≈ ˛ ª ¤æ Í Û Í≈Û ’∂ ˛Õ ‹ª⁄ Í÷ Á∂ Ï≈¡Á ¡◊ Íπ«Ò√ ÿ‡È≈ √Ê≈È Â∂ Í‘πß⁄∆Õ ¿πÊ∂ ’Ò≈√ «Ú⁄ ÍÛ∑Á∆ ˛Õ ª √≈«’≈ ‘Ø ’∂ √≈¬∆’Ò Â∂ «¬√ ÏÀ·∂ ÏÀ· Ú≈ ‡ ∆ ÂØ ∫ ¡«‹‘∆ Ò’ÙÓ∆ ÍÀ√∂ ´’Ø ’∂Áºæ÷ ‘Ø ‰Ú≈ÂØ ∫ ª?√≈«’≈ Ï≈¡Á Á∂ȱÙß ÏßÁ∆¡ª Íz Ó π º ÷ «Ú⁄’≈ «Í¡≈ Á≈ ¡ßÁ∂√≈ √∆Õ «‹Ú∂∫ ¡ßÁ ⁄Ò∆ ◊¬∆ ª ¿π√Á∆ ÍÂÈ∆ Í‘πß⁄ ÂØ∫ Á± ⁄Ò∂ ‹≈Úª◊∂Õ «‡∂Ò ¡≈Á ¡Â∂’≈È Î˜∆ ͤ≈‰ √Á∆‰ ÿ ¡≈ Ò≈’∂ «◊¡≈, ¿πß ‘Ú∂ÏØ«⁄¡≈ Ò ∆, Óπ«◊¡≈ ’≈Î∆ Ì∆Û √∆Õ Íπ «Ò√ È∂ Û ’∂ √≈«’≈ «ÏÒ’πÒ ¿πÓ∆Á È‘∆∆ √∆ Í «¬‘Ȫ «‹Ú∂∫ √Óª Ï∆ÂÁ≈ ‹≈ «‘≈ √∆, ¿π‘Ȫ ÏØÒ∆, «’√∂ È∂ ’πfi «’‘≈ ’∆? Â∂  ≈ ÓÂÒÏ ˛ «’ ‘π ‰ ÿØ ∫ √∆Õ «¬æË ÿ ¤æ‚‰ ÂØ∫ Ï≈¡Á √≈«’≈ «ÁßÁ ≈ ˛Õ «¬‘ ◊æÏ∆’∆ Ò «ÏzÈ≈Ò ‡∂È Á≈ Á∂ «¬’ ‡ ȱ ª ÓÀÚæÁÒ≈ÈÁ∂÷‰ Òæ«◊¡≈Õ º«÷¡≈ÙÏÁª ¬∂‹È∂≥√∆¡ª Á∆ ÁÈ∆∫ «Ú∞ºË æ ’∂∂Ò√Ú∂ √‡∂ Á‹ ÁØ Ú ∂ ∫ Ò≈Ùª Á≈ Óπ ¡ ≈«¬Èª ’∆Â≈Õ ËßÈÚ≈Á, ÓÀ鱧 «¬æÊ∂ ‘∆ ¤æ‚ «Á˙Õ √≈«’≈ «¬√ ÂØ∫ ¡‰‹≈‰ ◊æ√π Òª «Ú⁄ ¿π√鱧 ¡≈Èß Ó¬∆Á˜±‘≈Ó  ’ «Ú⁄’≈ Ì≈ÚÈ≈ÂÓ’ «ÙÂ∂ ‘Ø ‚±ßÿ∂ ’πfi È‘∆∫, ¿π‘ Ó‘∂Ù ÏØÒ «‘≈ Ìæ‹∆¬∂? ¿π‘ «⁄ß ‘Ø ◊¬∆ÕÚ≈Ò∂ «Ú¡’Â∆ ¡Â∂ Ï߇∆ «√æË∂ ≈¬∂Íπ Á∂ Óπ÷ ÙÈ Íz ∆ Ú≈ ”Â∂ Ú∆ Ò≈◊± ‘π ß Á ∆ ˛Õ «¬ÊØ ∫ Á∂ Ó≈Ò’ ¡Â∂ ‹∂ Ó ˜ Á∂ Í«Ú≈ ȱ ß ∆ Á∆ ͬ∆«Áæ‘ÀÂÕ≈ «Í¤Ò∂ √Ó∂∫ Í≥‹≈Ï «Úº⁄ ‘πßÁ∂ ‹≈ ‘∂ √ÈÕ ≈∆ ◊Ø‘À∫ÁÕ∆¡≈«¬È∑ Ï߇∆ È∂ ¿π√鱧 ÿ Á∂ ⁄ϱÂ∂ Ó◊È ‘Ø ’∂ ¡æ◊∂ ¶ÿ ◊¬∆, Í‘ØÙπ±¡≈Â∆ ‹ª⁄ «Ú⁄ ÍÂ≈ Òæ«◊¡≈ ¿π√ √∆Õ √∆, ¡≈͉∆ ÒÛ’∆ 鱧 ÁÏ≈¡ ’∂ æ÷Õ «’Â∂ Ú∆ ⁄Ò∂ ‹≈Úª◊∂,’Ú≈¿∞ Â±ß Âª Â∂‰Í‘πÁ∆ ⁄ ß ,∂ «‹æ«˜≥ Ê∂ Ó ‡zÈ ∂ ∂Ú≈‘∆∫ ⁄Ò∂ª «¬’ D √≈Ò ⁄∂ ‹∂√∆, Ó˜”Â∂‘∂¡ Ëß∂ÈÂ∂«ÓÒ∂ ≈ÕÒ∆ 鱧 Ï߇∆ Á∆ «¬√ ‘’ ¤æ‚≈ «ÁæÂ≈ÕÏ≈Ï ¿π‘ ⁄ϱ ÷Û∑∆ ◊√‘∂ «’Á∂«¬’ AC-AD √≈Ò Á∂ Á∆ Ïæ ÒÛ’∆ Á≈ «¬’ √≈«’≈ ∆  ÂØ≈È ∫ ¡«‹‘∆ Ò’ÙÓ∆ ÍÂ∆ Á∆ ◊æ Ò È± ß «Â¡≈ ˛ È≈? Ï߇∆ ÏØ«Ò¡≈Õ «ÈÔÓª ◊¬∂ «¬’ «ÁÈ Ù≈Ó Á∂ Ú’Â √≈«’≈ ‹Ø ≈¬∂«’√∂ Íπ ÂØ∫ Òæ ◊Ìæ◊Úº ÁØ Ò √Ω «’ÒØ Ó∆‡ ’Ú≈¬∂ √Ú∂ȱ÷ß ‰Ïß ‡ÁΩ ≈‹ ˘ ,Ú∆ «Ë Ø∫ √÷Â∆ ‹Ø ‹≈Ó‰∆ ß◊ Á≈ ‡± Í∆√ Í≈¬∆ ÍÀª ‘Ø ’∂ ¡≈͉∂ Ú≈Òª 鱧 fi≈ÛÈÒæ◊∆Õ ¡ßÁ≈˜≈ ‘Ø ¸æ’≈ √∆Õ ¿π‘ ÒÛ’≈ Ú≈ «ÏÒ’πÒ ¿πÓ∆Á È‘∆∫ √∆, Í «¬‘Ȫ Á∂ «ÍÂ≈ ÷∂ Ó Ò≈Ò Á∂ Ú ª◊È ÍÛΩ √ Ș¡ßÁ≈˜ ’’∂ ÏØÒ∆, «¬‘ Óπ‘æÒ∂ «¬‘ Ú∆ ’ج∆ Íπ椉 Á∆ ◊æÒ ˛Õ Á± ˛Õ ¿πÊ∂ ¿π‘Ȫ È∂ √Ì ÂØ∫ Í«‘Òª ’æÍÛ∂ È∂ ÷∂ ‚ ‘∆ ÷∂ ‚ «Ú⁄ ’Ø Û ª π Í ¬∂ Á¡√Ò, ‹∂ Ó ˜ «Í¤Ò∂ √≈Ò «Ú⁄Ò∂ ºÒ ÓØÈ∂Ï≈¬∆Ò ÎØ«È À’ÙÈ ‹≈ «‘≈ «Ú⁄ ’≈Ò∂ ß◊ Á∂ ÈÚ∂∫ √À∫‚Ò Í≈ ’∂ Ï߇∆ ‘≈Ò∂ Ú∆ ¿πÊ∂ ‘∆ ÷«Û∑¡≈ √∆Õ Ú≈ ÓπÛ ’∂ √≈‚∂ ÚæÒ Á∂÷ «‘≈ ˛, ’∆ ’∞ ÙÏÁª ¿π√鱧 Áπ ⁄æÂ’∞ ∆È «Ú⁄ Í≈ «Ú⁄ ’«¡≈È∂ Á∆ Áπ’≈È «Ú⁄ ’πfi Ú≈«Ò¡ª Á≈ «¬’ Á∆¡ª ÁØ Ï‰≈¿π‰ ÓÀ∫ Âπ‘≈‚∂ ÂØ∫ ¡Òæ◊ «‘‰ È≈Ò Á∂ Ï≈∂Ò≈◊» ÷∆Á∂È‘∆∫ ¡Â∂ ‹π’∆Â≈  æ ∆¡ª ¡≈«Á Ò¬∆¡ª¡Â∂ ¡Â∂ Á≈ ÷˜≈È≈ ÷Ø‹ «ÁæÂ≈Õ ¿π√ ¿πÁ∆ ‹ Ó¬∆ «Ú⁄ ¡≈͉∂ ¡Â∂ Á≈Á≈ √Á∂÷ØÚ≈Òª ÂØ∫ Í≈‰∆ Á∆¡≈ ϱßÁª Âπ«ÍÂ≈ ¡≈¬∆ √∆Õ √∆∫ «¬√ȱ ß ‹≈‰Á∆ ‘Ø? ∆Õ ¿π⁄‘Ø ∫ ¡⁄≈È’ ÏØÒ È≈ √Ó≈È ÷∆Á‰ ◊¬∂ ª Áπ’≈ÈÁ≈ Á≈ ’ßÓ ˛Õ ¡≈ÁÓ∆ «’√∂ È≈Ò ◊æÒ √πÍÈ∂ «Ú⁄ Ú∆ È‘∆∫ √Ø⁄ √’Á∆Õ Í «ÁÈ Ë≈’ª «Áæ«ں E@ ’πfiÎ∆√Á∆ ¡«‹‘∂ Ó≈ÓÒ∂ «Úº⁄ ÚÒ Ï≥◊ÿπÒΩÓß Õ∂ Ì «√‡∆ Ïæ√ ’∂ ≈‘∆∫ ◊Ø∫Á∆¡≈ ÓØ Â ∆◊ω ◊ ‘∆¡ª Á±‹Í«Ú≈ ≈ «ÓzÂ’ ’∆Ï √ØÒª √Â≈ª √∆∫«‡ß «’√ ’ ‘∆ √’∆, ÏÒ«’ Ì Á∂ Ò¬∆ ¿πÁ∂ √ ¿π‘Ȫ Á≈ ‘≈Ò ⁄≈Ò Íπæ¤Á∂ ÏØ«Ò¡≈, È‘∆∫ ’∂◊≈, ª ˜πÏ≈È Â∂ «‹ßÁ≈ ÓÀ鱧 «⁄ßÂ≈ ‘Ø ‘∆ ˛ «’ ¡√∆∫ «Ú÷∂ ‹≈Úª◊∂«¬’ ≈ÂÍz È±Ó ß ◊Øπº÷ ∫Á∆¡≈ ∫ ‚Ø◊◊Û∑ ÚºÒØ∫ ÍÒ Î˜∆ ͤ≈‰ ÓØÏÂØ≈¬∆Ò ’≥Í¡≈È∆◊¬∂Á∂, È≈Ò Ó≈Ò≈Ó≈Ò ‘Ø ‹≈Ú∂ ≈Õ ’∂Á∂«‚æÈ≈Ò «¬’ √ÈÕ ÓÀ‡Ò «‚‡ÀÂπ’ ◊ÒÛ’∂ (Ë≈±Á∆ ◊æÒ«Ú¡’Â∆¡ª √≈Ò Á≈ ÒÛ’≈ √∆Õ ß◊ ◊Ø≈ ¡Â∂ «⁄‘∂ Â∂ Í≈‰∆ Á∆¡ª ϱßÁª ¡√Ó≈È ‘ØÕ √≈‚∂ ÚæÒ ÓπÛ ’∂ ª ‘π‰ ’Ø¬∆ Á∂÷ Úæ Ò Á∂ ÷ ‰ Òæ ◊ ∆Õ ¿π ‘ ª ‹≈Úª◊∂ «’æÊ∂? Ï߇∆ È∂ ¿π√Èπß ‹Ø ¤æÂ∆√◊Û∑ Á≈ Íz«√æË Íz≈⁄∆È Ë≈«Ó’ ¡≈Ë≈ ”Â∂ ‹ª «’√∂ ‘Ø  Á∂ È≈Ó ¿∞ Í  Íz Ï ≥ Ë ’ «Ú∞ º Ë ‘∆ ‘≈Ò∂ º ’ ‡∂È‹ß◊Á∂Á∆¡√À ’√¡Â∂ Ù«‘ Á∆ ÷ØÚª◊ ‹) √πÔ≈Â≈ √∆Õ ¿π˛≈È∆ Ê∂ È≈Ò ÏØÒ∆Õ √æ ⁄ Óπ ⁄ «Ú⁄«Ú⁄ «Ú¤∆ ⁄ªÁÈ∆ ßÁ Òæ◊ ”Â∂ √∆ Â∂ «Ïz È∆Ò∂ ‹∆È√ È‘∆∫«◊¡≈ «‘≈Õ √≈«’≈ ¿π √ Á∂ «Í¡≈ Ì∆¡ª Șª ÈªÒ ¡√Ê≈È ˛Õ ¿π√ ÁΩ≈È ¿π‘Ȫ¡«‹‘≈ ÁØÚª 鱧 ‘∆¡ª √ÈÕ Í∆Ò∂ ß ◊ Á∆ Îπ æ Ò ‡∆-Ù‡ Í«‘È∆ ¿π ‘ ÒÛ’≈ ‹Ø Ò ≈Ò ß ◊ Á∆ ‡∆ÓÈØ Ì ≈Úª ȱ ß Á∂ « ÷¡≈, «Î ÏØÓ≈ÓÒ≈ « Ò¡≈, «ÏȪ Á‹ ‹≈∆ ‘Ø ∂ ’∞ È À ’ ÙÈ Ú‰ Á∂ ‘Ø ∂ « ¬¡≈ ‘À Õ Ò◊∂‹ Á∂ ‘Ø ‘Ø ’≈Ȫ ’’∂ Íπ«Ò√ ‘≈’∆ Á∂ ÓÀÁ≈È «Ú⁄ «¬‘ Ïæ⁄≈ ¿π √ È∂ ÓÀ ‡ Ò «‚‡À ’ «‡ß ◊ ÓÙ∆È ¿π√Á∂ √ªÚÒ∂ √∆ Â∂ «√ ÂØ∫ Ù‡ «Ú⁄ ˛, Á∂÷Á∆ «‘ «Î ÓπÛ ’∂ ÍÛ∑È Á∆ √∆Õ «Óz  ’≈ Á∆ ͤ≈‰ √≈«’≈ Í«‘Òª ª √≈ȱ ß «¬æ Ê Ø ∫ Á∆ Íπ¤ æ «◊æ ¤ Á≈ √≈‘Ó‰≈ ’È≈ «Í¡≈Õ ÷π Ò ≈√∂ ’≈È Í≥ ‹ ≈Ï Íπ Ò ∆√ Ú∆ «¬√ ¡À È .¡≈¬∆.¬∂ . È∂ Í≥ ‹ ≈Ï √Ó∂  ں ÷ Ò «‚‡À ’«‡ß ÒÀ ’∂ÍÀ‡«‘Ò Í’ÛÈ≈ ª Âæ’ «È÷≈ ¡≈ «◊¡≈«√æ √∆Õ«÷¡≈ «¬√ Á∂√∆Õ Á∂ÓÀ Ú‡ ª◊È ¡Â∂ «Óz ’◊ Á∆ ÓÙ∆È Ï߇∆ Ô≈ÁÚ ÷◊ ∂ ≈Õ «¬æ ¤ ≈ «È’Ò‰ Ï≈∂ √Ø ⁄ ‰≈ ‘π‰ ¿π‘Ȫ 鱧 √Ófi‰ «Ú⁄ Á∂ È≈ Òæ◊∆ √Ï≥ Ë ∆ ’Ω Ó ∆ ͺ Ë  Á∆¡ª ¬∂ ‹ ≥ √ ∆¡ª Á∂ Úº ÷ ≈‹ª Á∂ Íπ Ò ∆√ ¡«Ë’≈∆¡ª ’π Á Â∆ √π ‘ æ Í ‰ È∂ ¿π √ ȱ ß ‘Ø  Á∂«‘≈ ±Í «Ú⁄√∆ ‘ج∆Õ ÁØ Ú ∂ ª ‘∆ Ì∆Ó È◊ Ïß ‡ ∆ «¬’ Ú≈ «Î Óπ « Û¡≈ ª ‘Ø Ú ∂ ◊ ≈Õ Âπ ‘ ≈‚∂ ’Ø Ò «’ Ï≈‘ Á∆ Áπ È ∆¡≈ «’ß È ∆ «√’ Ì∆ «’ ¡⁄≈È’ «¬’ ‹◊∑≈ ‹∂ Ó ˜ Á∂ «ÍÂ≈ CD √≈Ò≈ Á∂ «‘‰ Ú≈Ò∂ √ÈÕ Íπ«Ò√ È∂ Ê≈‰∂ ÷±Ï√± ω≈ «ÁæÂ≈√∆Õ Ï߇∆ ¿π√鱧 √≈«’≈ ¿π√È±ß Í¤≈‰ ◊¬∆Õ ¿π√√≥È∂Í«‹Ú∂ «‹ßßÈ∂ ÍÀ√∂ ‘ØÈ≈Ò √’‰,ÒßÓ ¡Â∂ ’Ù‡Á≈«¬’ ‘πÁ ß ∆ ˛Õ ÂØ∫ Ï≈¡Á ’∫ «Úº ⁄ ‘À Õ √»  ª ¡È∞ √ ≈ ∂ «Ú⁄≈-Ú‡ªÁ∂ ”Â∂ ¡≈ ’∂ ¿π √ Á≈ ¡Ò≈Ó Úæ ‹ ‰ ‹∂ √ È Áæ«√¡≈ «’√≈‘Ó‰∂ ¿π√ Á≈ «¬‘ ‘∆ «Ú⁄ «ÓzÂ’ª Ò¬∆ Íø⁄È≈Ó≈ ÌÈ ÂØ∫ «√ ÂØ∫ ÍÀª Âæ’ Á∂÷Á≈È∂«‘≈Õ Á∂÷‰Íπæ Á∂ Ò¬∆ ¡≈͉≈ æ÷ ÒÀ‰≈Õ Ó∂∂ ’ØÒ ÁØÚ∫∂ ‚Ø∫◊◊Û∑ «Ú⁄ Ó≈Â∂ ÁÙÈ «Í¤Ò∂ √Ó∂ ∫ Á∂ Ù Ì Á∂ ≈‹ª ¡Â∂ ’’∂ «¬≥ ‡ À Ò ∆‹À ∫ √ «Ï¿±  Ø (¡≈¬∆.Ï∆.), ’∞ È À ’ ÙȪ «Úº ⁄ Ø ∫ ÍØ √ ‡ Í∂ ‚ ’∞ È À ’ ÙȪ «√Î≈Ù ’∆Â∆ ‘À «’ ÓØ ÏÁ∂≈¬∆Ò Á∂ ÷ ¿π ’∂Ê√≈«’≈ Óπ √ ’≈¬∆ Ï≈¡Á Ò≈Ùª ÍØ√‡ ≈Ó≈‡Ó Ò¬∆ ÿπ ß Ó ≈«¬¡≈, «‹ß È ∂ ‘Ø ‰ ◊∂ , ÓÀ ∫ ’’∂ AI ‹±È Á∆ ≈ ≈¬∂Íπ ¡≈ ◊¬∂Õ Òæ◊≈Õ ¿π√鱧 ‹◊∑ 鱧 Íπæ‡ ‰ ”Â∂ Ø∫ ÓÀÁ≈È «Ú⁄ ¡Â∂ ‡«‘Ò«⁄‘≈ ‘∆ «‘≈ √∆ «’¿π Á Ø ∫ Âæ ’ ’∂ ∫ Á  Ù≈Ù Íz Á ∂ Ù ª Á∂ ‚≈«¬À ’ ‡ Í≥ ‹ ≈Ï, ’È≈‡’≈, Ó‘≈≈Ù‡ Â∂ Á∆ «◊‰Â∆ «√Î E Î∆√Á∆ ‘À ‹ÁØ ∫ ’≥ Í È∆¡ª ¿∞ Í  «’√∂ Ú∆ ‘≈Ò «’‘≈, ’∆ Á∂÷ ‘∂ ‘Ø? Ì∂‹ «ÁæÂ≈Õ ¿π√Á∆ √≈¬∆’Ò √≈‘Ó‰∂ ÂØ∫ ‹≈ æ÷ ÒÚª◊≈Õ ÁØÚ∫∂ Ú≈Í√ ÿ ‹≈‰ Á≈ «¬≈Á≈ ω≈ √Ø È«Óz∂ Â’≈ Á≈ √≈«’≈ Ï‘π ÂÁ∂Úª◊È Ì≈∆Á∂ Ò≈’∂ ‹ «Óß ‡ «Ú⁄ Ï߇‡∆ «¬’Íø◊∆Ï Í«Ú≈ È≈Ò ÓÙ∆È ‘∆ «¬’ Á≈ Ó؇ ‘≈È √≈¬∆’Ò È≈Ò ‘∂«√È, ÿ ÂØ∫ Ìæ‹ ’∂ ¡≈¿π ¡Â∂√∂ ‹ÈÒ Íπ Ò ∆√ ¡Â∂ «¬≥ √ ÍÀ ’ ‡ ’∂Ò≈ ≈‹ª √Ó∂ ’∂∫Á Ù≈Ù ÍzÁ∂Ù «’ IE Î∆√Á Íz∆-Í∂‚ ’∞ÈÀ’ÙÈ ‘ÈÕ«¬√«ÚºÂ∑ ⁄ ª√Ï≥ ËÂÍ«Ú¡’Â∆ ÚºÒ‰Ø∫ ≈ Áº Á∂ Í«Ú≈ «Ú⁄ ‘≈Òª«’ «ÍÂ≈ ÷∂ÓÒ≈Ò Á∂Úª◊È Ó±Ò ÂΩ Â∂ √ÏßË æ÷Á≈ √∆Õ ‡’≈ ⁄πæ’∆ «¬√ √∆Õ ÓØÏ≈∂ ‡ √≈¬∆’Ò ÁØ Ú ∂ ∫ ÔØ ‹ È≈ Á∂ ÿ ÂØ∫ ⁄Ø∆ ’∆Â∂ ÍÀ√∂ ÷⁄ ‘؉,∂ «¬√ «Ó«Ò¡≈Õ Úæ¿π‹√‰ Òæ«◊¡≈Õ ‹ÈÒ Íπ Ò ∆√ ¡«Ë’≈∆¡ª ”Â∂ «Áº Ò ∆ ¡Â∂ ÁÓÈ «Á˙ Á∂ Íπ Ò ∆√ «¬√ ¿∞ ⁄ ͺ Ë ∆ ’Ó∂ ‡ ∆ Úº Ò Ø ∫ ‡À Ò ∆’≈Ó ÍÂ∂ Á∆ ÍÛÂ≈Ò ’È ÂØ ∫ Í«‘Òª ≈‹ÈªÁ «Íø‚ Á∂ «‘‰ Ú≈Ò∂ √È, ’πæÒ I ÓÀ∫Ï √È, «‹‘Ȫ «Ú⁄Ø∫ ÁØ √Ú≈ ‘≈Òª«’ ÷πÁ ◊Ò √Â∂ «‘ AG ‹± È ’’∂ ÁØÚ∫∂ ÿ ‹≈‰ ÂØ∫ ‚ ‘∂ √È ¡Â∂ «Ú⁄ÌÀ‰«√¯ «Ú⁄‘Ø ¿π 鱧 √Ófi ˛Õ ¡‹∂ ¿πÚ∆ ‘ Ï߇∆ ¡≈Ë≈« «ÁºÒ∆ «Ú÷∂ ‘ج∆ ’ΩÓ∆ ͺË∆ ¡«Ë’≈∆¡ª ”Â∂ ¡≈Ë≈« «ÚÙ∂Ù ¡À È ÎØ  √ÓÀ ∫ ‡ «√Ø  «√˜ ¡À ‚Ë∆ ÎØ≈Â È ’∞ ’È Ø’ ª Á≈ «Ú¡≈‘ ¸æ’√≈ √∆Õ √æ ÂØÈ‘∆∫ Í ’≈Î∆«¬‘ ¡√∂Ò≈’∂ ÂØ∫ ‡ ¤æ˜Ó∆È ∆√◊Û∑ Á∆ ∫ ¡≈ «‘≈ √∆, «Î Á≈ 鱧 ∫ ¡æ Á∂ È‘ΩÀ’ √ÙÈ Ò≈ È≈⁄≈Ò» ’ √’∂ Õ «Î¿∞ÁØÍÚ∂∫ «’√∂ ÓÀ∫Ï«Ï¡≈ «¬’ ‘∆Ï‘π ’Ó∂ ≈‹Ë≈È∆ «Ú⁄ Áæ ¡Â∂ÂÌØÒ÷π≈Ù«⁄‘≈ ’∂ ◊ «Úº⁄ «¬√ ÓπºÁ∂ ˘ ◊≥Ì∆Â≈ ’Ó∂‡∆ ω≈¬∆ ◊¬∆ ‘ÀÕ ¡ÀÈ.¡≈¬∆.¬∂. ÓØÈ∆‡«≥◊ √ÀÒ (‡∆.¬∆.¡≈.¡ÀÓ’∆Ï ¤æ‚ ’∂ ‹≈Ú∂ Â∑ª Õ«‘ß«¬√ Ó ’’∂ ‘æÒ∂ Âæ’ Í‘π ß⁄∂, H «¬ß⁄Á∂ Ì∆Ó Á∆ È◊ ‚±ßÿ«¬Ò≈’∂ ≈¬∆ «Ú⁄ ÂÁ∂¤ØÓ’≈È ‡≈ ˛,«Ú⁄ «ÎÓ≈√± Ú∆Ó Ï‘π ˛Õ Á∂÷Ó∆«‡≥ .) ˘ ÿÒ≈¬∆ ÂØ∫ Óπ«¬Ò≈Ú≈ «√Ó «’≈¬∂ Á∂ Ó’≈È «Ú⁄ «‘ßÁ∂ √ÈÕ «‘ßÁ∂ √ÈÕ ¿π√Á∆¡ª ◊æÒ∑ª Â∂ ˜Ø Á≈ «¬’ Ìæ‹ ◊¬∂Õ √≈«’≈ Í ¡ßÁ ‘∆ ¡ßÁ ÁØÚ∂∫ Ï‘π Áπ÷∆ ‘Ø«¬¡≈ ˛Õ «¬√ Á∆ ’∆Ó BE Òæ ÷ ¿π√ È∂ Áæ«√¡≈, “«Í¤Ò∂ AE È≈Ò «Ò¡≈ «◊¡≈ √∆ «’¿∞∫«’ «¬√ ÚºÒØ∫ «¬È∑ª √Ó»‘ ≈‹ª Â∂ Ô».‡∆. Á∂ Ú∆ Әϻ ’È ¿∞Í ˜Ø «ÁºÂ≈ ‘Ó∂ ‹≈Ù≈ ’≈‚ª ˘ «ÚÁ∂Ùª Úª◊ ÓØÏ≈¬∆Ò ≈Â È±ß ‹ÁØ∫ Ï߇∆ ÷≈ ’∂ ˜Ó∆È ÊæÍÛ Ó≈ ’∂ ÏØ«Ò¡≈, ¡ßÈ∑≈ ‘Ø ¿π‘ Í∂Ù∂ ÂØ∫ Á‹∆ ‘ÈÕ ¿π‘Ȫ Á∆ ¡≈͉∆ ¡Â∂ ‚∂ ‘ج∂ √ÈÕ ‡ªÓ˱È≈Ò «Òß Á∆ ¿π«√Î≈Ù ¿πÁ Ø∫ «◊¡≈? ÍÂÈ∆ Ò’ÙÓ∆ AH Ï≈¬∆’Ø Ú∆Û«’√∂ ÌÀ‰ ÍΩ∫‚ (’∆Ï πͬ∂Â∂) «Ï√Â Áæ√∆ «Ú¤≈ √≈Ò’∂ÂØ«Í¡≈ ∫ ÙΩ ’ ∆¡≈ ÂΩ  «Á÷≈¬∆ ”Â∂ ÓÀÈ‘∆∫ ‡ Ò«ÁßÁ≈Õ ÓΩ’∂ «¬‘ ÷πÒ≈√≈ ‘Ø«¬¡≈ √∆ «’ «‹Ê∂ ÍπÒ∆√ ¡«Ë’≈∆¡ª È≈Ò «√Ò«√Ò∂ «‘≈ ‘ÀÕ «˜’ÔØ◊ ‘À «’ ÓΩ‹»ÁÚæ≈‚∆ √À Ó≈√±’Ó ’È «ÁÒ √ÈÕ ‘ Ȫ ȱ ß Íz≈¬∆Ú∂‡ ’ßÍÈ∆ «Ú⁄ ’ßÓ ’Á∆ ˛Õ Ï≈’∆ ÓÀ∫Ï ‡∆. Ú∆. Á∂÷ ‘∂ √ÈÕ Ï߇∆ ’πfi ÏØÒ È≈ √«’¡≈ ÓØ ¡Â∂ Á∂ È≈Ò Òæ«◊¡≈ «’‘ÀÒØÕ’’∞ ‘π‰ ¿π ‘ÙÈ Èª ȱ‘≈√Ò ß «¬æ‹Â Ï ≈¬∆Ò ÎØ È ¡Â∂ «¬≥ ‡ ÈÀ ‡ «‹‘∆¡ª Ú≈ ’∆Â∆¡ª Ó∆«‡≥ ◊ ª ÁΩ  ≈È «ÈÔÓª ¡È∞ √ ≈ «’√∂ «Ú¡’Â∆ Úº Ò Ø ∫ Ú∆ ’∆Â∆ ◊¬∆ È À ’ ‹≈ ‘∆ ˛Õ Ó≈«‘ª Á≈ ’«‘‰≈ ˛ «‚‡À’«‡ß◊ ’ «‘≈ ‘ª, ¡æ‹ Âæ’ √Ø ∫ Á∆ √∆ Ì∆¡ª Șª È≈Ò È‘∆∫ Á∂÷‰◊∂Õ ¡≈Ëπ « È’ Â’È∆’ª ¡Í≈Ë∆¡ª ˘ ÓØ Ï ≈¬∆Ò ’≥ Í È∆¡ª ¿∞ Í  «Ù’≥ ‹ ≈ Î˜∆ ͤ≈‰ Á∂ ¡≈Ë≈ ”Â∂ ÎØ È ’È Ú≈Ò∂ Á∂ Ï≈«¬˙ÓÀ « ‡z ’ √Ï»Ú∆ «’ «¬‘ Ò≈’∂‡ AFÚ∆∫ ÙÂ≈ÏÁ∆ Á≈ ÓÀ鱧 ’πfi È‘∆∫ «Ó«Ò¡≈Õ Í Ó∂∂ ÍπæÂ ¡Â∂ ¿π√ Ï≈‘ Ú≈Ò∂ ª ’∆, ÿ Ú≈Ò∂ ÁÏØ ⁄ ‰ «Úº ⁄ √‘≈¬∆ ‘Ø ‘∆¡ª ‘È, ’º √ ‰ Á∆ «Â¡≈∆ ’∆Â∆ ‘À Õ ’∞ È À ’ ÙÈ ÒÀ ‰ Á∆ √»   «Úº ⁄ ¿∞ √ ‘≈√Ò ¡Â∂ «‚Í≈‡ÓÀ ∫ ‡ ¡≈Î « Á È ’È ¿π ‘ Ȫ ȱ ß Ï‘π  Âß ◊ ’È◊∂ Õ ˛Õ 鱧 Íø‹ «Ó߇ Á∂ ¡ßÁ ÷˜≈È≈ «ÓÒ Ú ∆’≈Ó ∆ ÁØÚ∂∫ ¤Ø‡∆ ¿πÓ˘ «¬√ Á∂ √È,√Ï≥ «¬√ ¿∞Ê∂ ¡Í≈Ë ‹◊ ¡Â∂ ¡«ÂÚ≈Á∆ ¡ÀÈ.¡≈¬∆.¬∂. ¡È∞√≈ √≈Ò «Ú∞ºË «Ù’≈«¬Â ’È Á∆ «˜≥Ó∂Ú≈∆ ‡ÀÒ (‚∆.˙.‡∆.) Ë∆ ¿πȪ∑ Á∂ ÓπÂ≈«Ï’ «¬√ Á≈ √ÏßË «◊¡≈Õ” ÁØÚ∂∫ ’’∂ Ó≈Ô±√ ‘Ø ◊¬∂Õ «Î ÁØÚª È∂ «¬’ √≥◊·Èª Á∂ ’ΩÓªÂ∆ ͺË ”Â∂ «¬’- B@AC º’ Ì≈ «Úº⁄ ÓØÏ≈¬∆Ò ÎØÈ √Ï≥«Ë «‡∂Ò Á∆ ‘ÀÕ ‹∂ «‡∂Ò √À∫‡Ò ÓØ È ∆‡«≥ ◊ «√√‡Ó ω≈¿∞ ‰ ÎÀ √ Ò≈ ’∆Â≈Õ ÁØ Ú ∂ ∫ «‹æ Ò Â Ì∆ Á»√∂ Á∂ √≥Í’ «Úº⁄ «‘‰ «Úº⁄ Ú∆ Ë≈’ª Á∆ «◊‰Â∆ ⁄∆È ÂØ∫ Ú∆ Í≈ ¡«‹‘≈ È‘∆∫ ’Á≈ ª «Î ÍπÒ∆√ Ò¬∆ Ú∆«˜ß«’‘≈ «‘≈’’∂ ‘ÀÕÓΩ«¬√ ÂØ∫ Á◊∆ ÂØ‹≈ ∫ «’È≈≈ 鱧 ◊Ò∂ Ò◊≈¿π ¿π√ ‘È∂√π∆  ≈ «Ú⁄ «¬‘ Â’È∆’ª √‘≈¬∆ «√ºË ‘Ø ‘∆¡ª ’È Á∆ √≥Ì≈ÚÈ≈ ‘À ¡Â∂ «¬≥È∆ Úº‚∆ ˘ «Ù’≈«¬Â ’È Á∆ «˜≥ Ó ∂ Ú ≈∆ «¬Ò≈Ú≈ Á∂‰ÙÒ¬∆Á∆¡ª º « ÷¡≈ ´’Á∂-´’≈¿π∫Á∂ ⁄ß◊Ø≈Ì≈·≈ Í‘πß⁄ ‘ÈÕ «¬√ ÁΩ≈È «¬√ ÓπºÁ∂ ˘ ‘∞‰ Á∂Ù «◊‰Â∆ «Úº⁄ ÎØÈ ’∞ÈÀ’ÙȪ ¿∞Í √Ï≥«Ë ÓØÏ≈¬∆Ò ’≥ÍÈ∆ Á∆ ‘ÀÕ ‹Ø ¬∂‹≥√∆¡ª ˘ «¬≥ ‡ ÈÀ ‡ «√√‡Ó ¿∞ ◊¬ÀÕ ÁØÚ∂∫ ÁπÈ∆¡≈ ˘ Áæ√ Á∂‰≈ ⁄≈‘πÍßÁ∂ ’Á∆ ÓÁ≈ Á∆ ÍzÓπº÷ ÈÀÙÈÒ «¬ÈÚÀ√‡∆◊∂ÙÈ ÷πÎ∆¡≈ ¡º÷ º÷‰∆ √≥ÌÚ È‘∆∫ ‘ÀÕ Î˜∆ Á√Â≈Ú∂˜ Á∂ ’∂ ’∞ÈÀ’ÙÈ ÒÀ‰ ¡º÷ º÷√È ‰ «’ Á≈«Í¡≈ «ÎÒ‘≈Ò ’ج∆ È‘∆∫, ÂØÛ ÏÒ«’ ¬∂‹≥√∆ (¡ÀÈ.¡≈¬∆.¬∂.) Á∂ ‘Ú≈Ò∂ ¡≥’«Û¡ª ¡È∞√≈ ’∞ºÒ ÓØÏ≈¬∆Ò ÎØÈ Ú≈Ò∂ √Ó∂ «‡∂Ò «Ú∞ºË Ú∆ ÍπÒ∆√ È‘∆∫ ÒºÌ ≈Õ ¡Ó ‘Ø ‹ªÁ≈ ˛Õ √Ú∂∂ ¿π‘Ȫ ÁØÚª Á∆¡ªÒ≈Ùª ÓÀ Ò ÏÈ-«Ú’‡Ø  ∆¡≈ Í∆Û ¡Ω ͫ‘Ò≈∫ ÂØ∫ «¬’ Á±‹∂ ⁄ß◊ØÌ≈·≈ √«Ê «¬ÓÒ∆ Á∂ Á÷ Â∂ Óπ ‘ æ Ò ∂ Ú≈«Ò¡ª È∂ Ò‡’Á∆¡ª Á∆ «¬’ ¡Á≈Ò È∂ Ì≈Â∆ Á∂ ÷ ∆¡ªÕ Á∂ ÷ Á∂ ‘∆ Á∂ ÷ Á∂ ¿π Ê ∂ ‚≈’‡ ¡«ÚßÁ ÙÓ≈ (CG) √À∫’Û∂ ÒØ’∆ «¬’æ·∂ ‘Ø ◊¬∂Õ ¿π ‘ Ȫ ÒØ ’ ª Á∆ Ì∆Û È±ß «¬’ ¡≈√‡∂«Ò¡≈¬∆ ¡Ω «Ú⁄ Ï߇∆ Á≈ ‹∆‹≈ ¡‹∆ Ú∆’Ò∆ «Ï¿±  Ø ¿∞ È ∑ ª ¡≈«÷¡≈ ““Í≥ ‹ ≈Ï «Úº ⁄ «Úº ⁄ ’ÈÒ ≈Ï‡ Ó≈«‡È Á∆ ʪ È≈Ò ÏÒ≈Â’≈ ’È Á∂ ÁØÙ ÈßÁ’πÓ≈ Ô≈ÁÚ ================= «‘¿± √ ‡È-Ì≈Â∆ Ó»‹ØÒ√Ú∂Á∂ «¬’ Ó∂≈ Í«Ú≈ ‘Ó∂Ù≈ Ì≈¬∆⁄≈∂ È≈Ò ÒÀ‰◊∂Õ Ù≈‘∆ Í«Ú≈ Á∂ ‹∆¡ª Á∆  ∂ √Ú∂ ∂ «Ú⁄ ¤∂ √≈Ò Á∆ √˜≈ √∞‰≈¬∆ «’√∂ ¡Ó∆’≈ ’ß Ó Â∂ Òß ‚ È-Ì≈Â∆ Ó» Ò Á∂ «¬’ «ÓÒ ’∂ ‘ØȪ ÒØ’ª Á∆ ÓÁÁ ’Á≈ ¡≈˙ Ì◊ ’È ÂØ∫ «¬Ò≈Ú≈ ¿∞‘ ÏÂ≈ÈÚ∆ È≈◊«’ ¡Â∂ «Óz‘À¢ Â’≈ AC √≈Ò≈ √≈«’≈ «ÂßÈ Ì≈- ¿π‘ Ú∆ ‡∆. Ú∆. Á∂÷‰ Òæ«◊¡≈Õ Ó±ß‘ Ò‡’≈ ’∂ ¡æ◊∂ «È’Ò «◊¡≈Õ ’ ‘∆ Ò¬∆ Á∂ ’≈˘È∆ Ï≈«Ù≥Á∂ ˘ Ï≈Ò‹≈‰ ¡ÙÒ∆ÒÂ≈ ¿∞µÁ∂ÿ∂÷ Ï‘∞ ÌÀ‰ ª «Ú⁄Ø∫ Á±«Ú⁄ ‹∂ ÈßÏÓÀÂ∂Ò√∆ ¡Â∂ ¿πÂØ‘∫ ‚∂ Í„¿π√Á≈ «Ë¡≈È «’Â∂ ‘Ø √∆Õ √≈«’≈ Á∆ √‘∂Ò∆ «¬‘ ’∂ Ú √∆Õ≈Á∆ «Î ¡≈◊» ∂ÙÓ «√≥ÿ √≥Ë» «‘≈ ‘ÀÕ ‹ÁØ∫ ÓÀ∫ «¬ºÊ∂ ¡≈«¬¡≈ ª ÓÀ∫ √≥√Á∆ ⁄؉ª «Úº⁄ «‡«Èß◊ ¡Î√ «È’«Ò¡≈ B@@F ÏÈ Á∂ ÁØÙ «Ú⁄ AA √≈Ò ÂØ∫ Úº Á∆ √˜≈ ¤∂Ú∆∫ ’Ò≈√ «Ú⁄ ÍÛ∑Á∆ √∆Õ ¿π‘ √Ω‰ Á∆ ’Ø«ÙÙ ’ «‘≈ √∆ Í ·‘≈’≈ Ó≈ ’∂ ‘æ√‰ Òæ◊∆ ª ¿ π ‘ Á≈ ÈÚª ‘≈¬∆ ÙÀ«Î Ú∆ «¬‘∆ ’È≈ ⁄≈«‘¡≈Õ «¬‘ «¬√ Ú‹Ø∫ Ú∆ ’≥Ó ’È◊∂Õ ˘ √≈«’≈ ÒÀ√‡Ù≈«¬ √∆,Ë Ì∆Û È± ß √Ω «Óz «’ÒØ Á∆ Ó±Á±ÒÂΩ∆ “Â∂ Â’ Ó Ïß∆‡ ‡∆ Ô≈ÁÚ Â∂ ÍÀ È∆∫∫Á Á∂ È‘∆∫ ¡≈ ‘∆ √∆Õ ’≈Î∆ ≈Â È±ß ¿π√ Â∂ ◊πæ√≈ ¡≈ «◊¡≈Õ ÏØÒ∆ «Ú⁄≈∂ Ï Ø Ò ∆ , Á∂ ÷ ’∂ ¿π Ê∂ √π ‰ ≈¬∆ ◊¬∆ ‘À Õ √≥ Á ∆Í ÚÓ≈ (DB) ⁄π « ‰¡≈ «◊¡≈ ‘À Õ √≥ Ë » CH √≈Ò ’ ’∂ È‘∆∫ √∆ «’ ÓÀ ∫ Ó≈ÈÂ≈ ÒÀ ‰ ∆ ÏÂ≈È∆¡≈ «Úº ⁄ Â≈‹ ÂØ ∫ ≈¬∂ Á∂ Ì∆ÓÈ◊ Á≈ «‘‰ Ú≈Ò≈ Âæ”⁄ ’ È∆∫Á È≈ ¡≈¬∆ ª Ï≈‘ «È’Ò Á∂ ÊæÍÛ «Í¡≈ ¡Â∂ 屧 ‘æ√ ‘∆ ˛∫Õ È ≈ Í‘πß«⁄¡≈Õ ¿πÊ∂ ÷∂ÍÂπ ∆ «¬Ò≈’∂ ÏÀ ∫ ‚∆◊Ø ˘ ‹» È B@A@ «Ú⁄ ¡Á≈Ò √≈‘Ó‰∂ √∆Õ ¿π√Á∆ ¿πÓ AG √≈Ò √∆Õ ¿π√Á∂ ’∂ È∆Ò∂ ¡√Ó≈È Úæ Ò Á∂ ÷ ‰ «Ú⁄≈∂ Èπß ÌØÒ≈ Ì≈Ò≈ ‹≈‰ ’∂ Ó≈ Í≥Âπ‹ ‘≈Ï ≈‚∆ ÂØ∫ ÒÀ√‡Ù≈«¬ ¡≈ ⁄≈‘∞≥Á≈ √∆- ÓÀ∫ «¬√ Á∆ ’Á∂ ÂÚº’Ø Ï≈¡Á ‘≈¬∆ ÙÀ«Î Á≈ ¡‘∞Á≈ √Ì ÂØ∫ Í«‘Òª ÷Ûz ∂ ÒØ ’ ª ÂØ ∫ ÓÀ‚Á≈ ∆’Ò «‡√ ˛,’Á∂ «ÍÂ≈ Ȫ ÈßÍzÁÀ’Ô≈ÁÚ ‹Ø Í∂ÙÙÓ≈ ∂ Òæ«◊¡≈Õ «¬ ÒÛ∆ «’ßÈ∆ Á∂ ⁄ÒÁ∆ «ÁæÂ≈Õ ÁπÙ‡ «’Â∂Á≈Õ ¿π‘ ¿π√ Ó؇ ¿πÓ ˛ ÍÂ≈ ‹≈‰ Òæ « ◊¡≈ÂØ ∫ ÁØ Ù ª Á≈ «¬’Ï≈Ò ’∆Â∂ ’∂ Ú«√¡≈ √∆ ¡Â∂ B@@B «Úº ⁄ ¿∞ √ È‘∆∫ ’∆Â∆Õ”” Íπ  ≈‰≈ ËÓ-«Èͺ ÷ ¡‘∞ Á ≈ ‘À Õ ÂØ∫”Â∂ Ó˜Á±Òµ◊∂  ˛Õ «Óz Á∂ √æ¤√∞Ì≈ ‘∆Õ ¿π√ √Ó∂∫ ¿π√Á≈ «Ë¡≈È Ìß◊ √≈¬∆’Ò √Ú≈ Â∂ ◊π æ √ ≈ Íz ◊ ‡ « ¡ ≈  «’ «¬’ ÒÛ’∂ ÁØ’ÙÏß≈∫‡∆ Á∆ ‰ Ú≈¬∆ Ï≈¡Á ÁØ Ù ∆ ’≈ «Áº  ≈ «◊¡≈Õ ’ÀÁ ˘ ¡À Ó ’È .Ï∆.¬∆. È≈Ò ÷∂ÓÒ≈Ò, ¡≈͉∆ ÌÀ‰ ‘ÈÕ ¿π‘ √Ì ÂØ∫ ¤Ø‡≈ √∆Õ ‘Ø«¬¡≈, ‹ÁØ∫ Í«‘∂Á≈ È∂ ¿π√鱧 ’Á∆ ÏØÒ∆Õ Á∆, È≈ Ó∂«ıÂ≈Ï ∆Õ ÒÚ∂◊)≈Õ ÒÀ√‡Ù≈«¬ «Úº‡∆. ’∂ Á «¬’æ ·∆¡ª √πæÂ∆¡ª ¡Â∂ ÒÛ’∆ È∂ Ϊ√∆ Ò◊≈ Ò¬∆ ˛Õ ß ÁÏ≈¡Õ √≥Ë» ÒÀÒÛ’∆ √‡ ȱÁ∆ Î∂Ê Ò◊≈ (¡’∆Á∂ ⁄ Ú∆. «¬√Á∂÷¡‘∞ ∂ Á∆ ’«Á¡≈∫ ÎÀ ∫’«ÓzÙÀÂÒ’≈‡È‡Ø«È∂ Í»  ∆ ‘Ø ‰ ÂØ ∫ Ï≈¡Á ¿∞ √ ”Â∂ ¿∞ Ó  Ì «ÓzÂ’ Ï߇∆‹µ‹ Ô≈ÁÚ ¡Â∂ ’¡≈Õ √‘∂Ò∆ ’πfi ‘Ø ÏØÒÁ∆, «¬√ ÂØ∫ ÓÀ ∫ ‘∆ È‘∆∫, ÏÒ«’ √≈∆ ¡ß ‹ ’Ò∑ ÒÛ«’¡ª È≈Ò ‘æ √ Á∆ ‘≈Òª«’ ÷∂ Ó Ò≈Ò ¡≈͉∆ √ÈÕ ≈Â∆ ’∆Ï ÁØ Ú‹∂ Ó˱ Á∆ ‹≈◊ ¿π √ È∂ ¿π  √π ’ Â≈ Úæ √ ’∆Ï ‹≈ ’∂ «ÈÚ≈«˜¡≈ «◊¡≈ √∆Õ ‘≈¬∆ ÙÀ«Î ’Ω∫√Ò Á∂ √≈Ï’≈ ⁄∂¡ÓÀÈ ‘È ¡Â∂ √Ê≈ÍÈ≈ AAGB «Úº⁄ ’∆Â∆ ◊¬∆ √∆Õ √≈«’≈ ‘∆ √ÈÕ ¿πÁ Ê∂ È∂ÛÙÓ≈ ∂ «‹Ú∂ ∫ -«’Ú∂ ∫ ¿π  Ù≈‘ ¡Â∂ Í«‘Òª Úπ√Á≈ ÿ ¡≈ «◊¡≈Õ ¿π‘ ÁπÈ∆¡≈ ’«‘ßÁ∆ ˛ «’ «Í¡≈ Á∂ Ò¬∆ «ÎÁ∆ ˛Õ ˜Ó≈È≈ ª ‹≈‰Á∂ ‘Ø, ¡æ◊ ÒÛ’∆ 鱧 «˜¡≈Á≈ ÌÛ’ ’∂ È‘∆∫ ÷πæÒ∑∆ ª √≈«’≈ «Ï√Â Â∂ È‘∆∫ Á∂«÷¡≈ ªº÷ ¿π∆√‹≈Ú∂ 鱧 ¡≈͉∆¡ª ÷ª «’‘≈Á∂ ÿ«’È∂Û∂ ¡«Úß Ò¬∆√∆Õ«È◊≈È∆ ◊∆ ¡Â∂¡æ«¬√ Á≈ ¡æ¡‘∞ √≥ ÌÈ‘∆∫ ≈Ò‰ ‘ Ï≈¡Á ‘∆ Ï߇∆ Á∂ ÁØ√ Á≈ ÿ Ú∆ √∆, «‹æÊ∂ ÌÀ ¡ Á∂ √Ó≈Ú∂ Ù «Ú⁄ ≈ ¶ÿ ¡≈͉∂ ÿ ⁄Ò∆ ◊¬∆ ª √≈«’≈ ◊∂ Á ¿πÓ≈ Á∆ , «ÁÒ Ú≈Ò≈ Á∆, ¡≈ÂÓ≈¿∞Á∆ ÏØ«Ò¡≈ √∆Á∂ÏÒ«’ ¿π‘ √Ófi≈¿π‰ Á∆ È∂ ¡≈͉∆ 鱧 ‹◊≈«¬¡≈Õ Òæ◊Á∆«Úº ˛, ⁄ ˱ߡÒÀ ≈ Í«‘Òª ¿∞‘ «Ú⁄ B@@F √‡Ù≈«¬ «¬«Â‘≈√’ ÂΩ ¿π√“Â∂ «¬√ÓªÁ∆¡ª Â∂ «ÚÙÚ≈√ ‘∆ È‘∆∫ ‘Ø«¬¡≈Õ Îª√∆ «¬Ò≈’∂ ”⁄ ¡≈¿π √±÷‰≈Ú≈Ò≈ ÁΩ≈È ¡Á≈Ò ¿∞√Á∆Á∂Ù’Ò «¬≥‡ÈÀ ¡’√ ¿π√Á≈ ‹≈‰≈ «¬È√≈È √∆Õ ◊¬∆Õ √Ú∂∂ ¿πµ· ’∂ ¿π‘ «ÁÈ Á∂ ÚæË ◊¬∆Õ ˜±ÂÁ≈ ‘πßÁ∆ Í«‘Ò≈ ˛Õ «ÁÒ Á≈’∂ «ÁÒ È≈Ò ¿πµ·Á≈ ˛Õ ◊Ò È≈ √Ófi‰≈, ¡≈͉≈ ’Ø«Ù√ ’ «‘≈ √∆ Í √≈«’≈ 鱧 «Î ¿π‘ √Ø⁄‰ Òæ◊∆, ‡≈«¬Ò‡ Â∂ Ò‡’ ‘∂È∂ÒÛ’∂ ‘±Ï‘±µ‡ ÏÂ≈È∆¡≈ √ Ë≈∆ «‚͇∆ Ò≈‚ ÒÀ Î ‡∆ÈÀ ∫ ‡ ω∂ √ÈÕ «˜≥ Ó ∂ Ú ≈∆¡ª «Úº ⁄ ‡À ’ √ ¿∞ ◊ ≈‘∆, «˜¡≈Á≈Â √Ó∂∫ ¿π”⁄ ‘ ¡≈͉∂ ÁØ√ «¬√ ’ßÓ «Ú⁄ Òæ◊ «◊¡≈, Í ≈ Ì «¬√ Â∑ª ’πfi «ÁÈ Ï∆ ◊¬∂Õ ÁØÚª ‹πÛÈ≈ ¡Â∂ ¡≈ÂÓ≈ È≈Ò ¡≈ÂÓ≈ √Ófi ’∂ ÏØÒ «‘≈ ‘ªÕ ¡≈͉∂ «Í˙ Á∆ «¬ßÈ∆ ¤Ø‡∆ ◊æÒ È∂ Ú◊À≈ ◊¬∆ ‘ØÚ∂◊∆Õ «¬’ ÿø‡Á∆ ≈ Ï∆ √∆ Â∂ Ó∆˜≈∫ µ÷«Á¡≈∫ ¿π∫√¿∞ Á∂  √≈Ò∂ Ï߇∆ Ϻ È≈Ò «ÓÒÁ∆ Í ÚÂØ ∂ ¡Â∂ «⁄¡ª Á∆√∆≈÷∆ ÷ «¬’ ‘ÀÕ Á≈ «ÓÒÈ ‘؉≈, «¬√∂ È±ß Âª «Í¡≈ ‘≈¬∆ Á∂ ÿ «‘ßÁ≈Õ ‹≈◊‰ Á∂ ’≈È Í±≈ √∆ Êæ«’¡≈ Á∂ ÓÈ «Ú⁄ ÷ÒÏÒ∆ Ó⁄∆ ‘ج«√º ∆ √∆Õ ’ «Áæ‹Ï∆ ≈ √∆Õ ¿π‘ÌÂ∆ ÓÈ ‘∆ ÓÈ ÂØ∫ Ï≈¡Á ¿π‘ Á∆ È≈ ¡≈¬∆ ª √∆ ¿πÂ∂ ÍπÙ≈’ ‘Ø √∆Õ ÙÀ«ÎÁ≈Û∑ Ú‹Ø ∫«Á¡ª ¡Â∂‹≈‰ ¡ÓÈ ’≈˘È ÷∂ÓÒ≈Ò ∆ Â∂∫ √Óª ‘æÊ æ÷«ÈÌ≈¿∞ ’∂ Íz∂Ù≈È √Ï≥ Ë ∆ ’¬∆ Ø ’ ª ¡≈«¬Á ’∆Â∆¡ª ¤∂ ¿π√≈Ò Á∆ √˜≈ ÁΩ  ≈È Ó∞ ‹ Ó È± ß È± ß ‹≈‰Á∂ √È ¡Â∂ Á√ß Ï  B@@F √ «ÁÈ Ï≈Ù ‘Ø ‘∆ √∆, ‹ÁØ∫ «Í¡≈ √∆ ¡Â∂ ¡æ ÷ ª Ò≈Ò ‘Ø Íz∂Ó Ø◊∆ ω ¸æ’≈√∆ ª Á±‹≈ ÓÈØØ◊√z ∆ ∆ ’«‘ß ∂ ‘ÈÕ ⁄«Á¡ª ÏØ«Ò¡≈, «¬‘ ’∆ ’«‘ ‘∂ √Ø⁄‰ Òæ◊∆ «’ ‹∂’ Í≈Í≈ Èπß Ó∂∂ Ò’ÙÓ∆ 鱧 «⁄Â≈ ‘؉ Òæ◊∆Õ Á∂÷Á∂ Í «Î «Ë¡≈È È≈Ò Á∂«÷¡≈ √≥ËÁ» È∂ ÒÀ√‡ ”⁄ ͺÂ’≈ª √ØÚ∆ ¿∞ ‘ ¿∞ ‘ ∆ ÚÁ∆ Í«‘«È¡≈ «ÚÚ√Ê≈ «‹‘∂ ’≥Ó «◊‰∂ ‹ªÁ∂ ‘È, ‘ÈÕ ¿∞√ Á≈ √À’√«’¡Í≈Ë∆¡ª Ï߇ÿµ‡Ø ¡≈͉∂ ’ßÓ ÂØ⁄≈ ∫ ÿ Ú≈Í√ ω ¸æ’≈ √∆Õ «¬’ ¡≈͉∂ «Í¡≈ Á≈ ¿π‘ ÏØÒ∆ ª È‘∆∫ Í Óπ√’≈ ‘Ø Ó‘∂Ù Ì≈¬∆? ÿ Á∆ «¬æ‹Â ª «’√∂ È≈Ò ◊æÒ ’È «Ú⁄ «¬ßÈ∆ Á∂ ÷ Á∂ √Ú∂  ‘Ø ◊¬∆ Í √≈«’≈ - ÿµ‡ √≈Ò¡≈‹∂◊¬∆¡ª Ò ∑ ”⁄√ÈÕ«Ú⁄ «¬‘ ÿ‡È≈ Ú≈ÍÈ ÂØ∫ Í«‘Ò≈∫ ª Ô’∆ÈȪ ‘Ø «◊¡≈ ¿π‘ ¿π√Á≈ √¡≈, ““«¬‘ Ú«‚¡≈¬∆ ’È◊∂ Õ ‘≈¬∆ ÙÀ«ÂπÎ ˘ ‘Ø«¬’ √ÚÀ√∂Ú˛∆ ªÍ√≈‚∂¡º«Í¡≈ ‹-’ºÒÏ≈∂ ∑ «¬√ Á∆ ̱«Ó’≈ Óπº÷ Á∆ √»⁄∆√≈Ò≈ «‘≈ √∆Õ ¿π‘ «¬’ ◊Ò∆ «Ú⁄ Óπ«Û¡≈ ¿π√ ÿ‡È≈ 鱧 Ï∆«Â¡ª «ÂßÈ «¬˜‘≈ ’È≈ ⁄≈‘ßπÁ≈ √∆,˘ÂªÁºÁ±«‹ ≈ ’∂ ¶Ó∂ ¶Ó∂ Ó≈‰ ’ÁÓªÂ∂È≈Ò ¡æ◊∂ ÚæË √Ì È≈ ¡≈¬∆Õ Á∆ √ªfi∆ ‘πßÁ∆ ˛Õ ‘≈‚∆ Ú∂ È≈˜◊∆ Ï߇∆Á‹ ˛Õ ¿π‘ ’È ÁΩÛ∂-ÁΩÛÁ≈ ∂ Í«Ú≈ «Ú⁄ ‘∞’Ó «‘‰≈ ‘Ø Ú ∂ ◊ ≈¢√∞ ‰ Ú≈¬∆ ÁΩ  ≈È ¿∞ È ∑ ≈ ∫ Á∂ ’∆Ï∆ √Ïß Ë √È¢ ª ¿π√Á∆ Ș √≈«’≈ Â∂ ͬ∆, ‹Ø «ÁÈ ‘Ø ◊¬∂ √È, Í Ïß ‡ ∆ Á∆ ¡≈͉∂ ÓÈ Á∆ ¿πÒfi‰ 鱧 √πÁ∆ Òfi≈¿π Í ¿π√È≈Ò Á∂ «ÁÒ ÏÂ≈È∆¡≈ «Ú⁄ ≈‹± ͱ∆ ‹ª¡‘∞ ÍÂ≈ Ò櫬√ ◊∂◊≈ ª ’∆ ‘ØÚ∂◊≈Õ ¿π‘ ª √Ú∂∂ ‘πßÁ∂ ‘∆ ¿π√Á∆¡ª √‘∂Ò∆¡ª Ú≈«Ò¡ª 鱧 ıÏ ’È «◊¡≈Õ √≈∂ Ó∂Á ∆Õ≈ ÓÀÓ≥ ∫ ¿π«È¡≈ √ ◊ßÚ≈‹ªÁ≈ ÒÛ’∆ ‘À鱧 ¡Â∂ ◊º‰Ò≈ ◊¬∆Õ ‘ÀÕ «¬√ ÂΩ  “Â∂ Ù≈‘∆ Í«Ú≈ Á∂ ÓÀ ∫ Ï ª Á∂ «ÁºÍÂ≈ Â≈ «◊¡≈ Õ Õ ¡’±Ï B@@H ∆ ÒÁ∂ÏÀÍ«Ú≈’ ÓÀ∫Ï«Ú⁄Â∂ Óß√Óæ◊«∂  «‹¿π ∫ Á∆ «Â¿π«Ú’‡Ø «ÍæÁØ ¤∂ Ù √’± ◊ Ò‡’≈¬∆∫ Ï≈«Ù √¡≈ ∫ √∆Õ «⁄≈‘ß Á∆ ‘∆Õ’≈¿± ÁØÚªÁ∂± ∫ ‡∆ ÓÈ «¬’ Á±‹∂ 鱧 Â∑ª √Ó≈ ¸æ’≈ √∆Õ ¡≈¬∆ √Ófi≈Úª◊≈Õ ÷∂ÓÒ≈Ò ÿ ÓπÛ∂ ª Ó∂  ≈ ÿ ÂØ ∫ Ï≈‘ «È’Ò‰≈ ‘∆ Á∂ ÿ ÍÂ≈ ’∆Â≈ Í «’Â∂ ¿πÊ∂ Í‘πß⁄‘À◊¬∂ ∂ ‘ØÏ≈¡Á Ú∂◊∆ÕÁØÚÒØ ’ «¬’ Á∂÷ √≈«’≈ Á∆ «Ó¡≈Á «¬’ √≈Ò√Ϙ∆ Á∆ Óπ‘∞Ù≥Á ∆ ‘À ÁΩ◊∂«Õ¡ª ÓΩ’∂ “¡≈˙ «Ìæ ‹ Á∂ ‘Ø ¬ ∂ ‹≈ ‘∆ √∆Õ Ïß ‡ ∆ È∂ √≈«’≈ 鱧 «ÓÒ‰ Á∆ «¬æ¤≈ «ÁÈØ- «ÓÒ‰ Ò¬∆ ¿πÂ≈ÚÒ∂ ‘Ø ◊¬∂Á∆ √ÈÕÚ∆ ϺÒ∂-ÁØÏºÒ «ÁÈ ∂∫ «Î «’Ò ’Õ Á∂‰ È≈ Ì◊” Òæ«◊¡≈Õ ’È Á∆ «Ú⁄ «◊zÎÂ≈ ¡≈͉∆ Óª Á∂ È≈Ò Ï߇∆ Á∂’∆Â∂ Ì≈Úª‹≈‰ È∂ Ï߇ÂØ ∆ ȱ∫ ß Â∞ Ϊ√∆ ≥ ¡Á≈Ò ”⁄ ÓΩ‹±Á √È¢ ’Ø‡ 鱧 Áµ«√¡≈ «◊¡≈ √∆ «’ ¿∞√ √≈«’≈ 鱧 Á∂÷ ’∂ ÍÒ Ì Á∂ Ò¬∆ «ÁÈ ÚËÁ∆ ‹≈ ‘∆ √∆Õ ‘π‰ Âæ’ ¿π √ «ÁÈ Ù≈Ó Á≈ Ú’Â  ∆∫«Ú⁄ «ÓÒ∂ ª ÷πæÒ∑ ’∂ ’æ¿∞ ¿π ‘ ¡⁄≈È’ ¡‰‹≈‰∂ √≈Ò ÌÀ ¡ Ó≈⁄ ÁπÍ«‘ Í √≈«’≈ Á≈ Â∂ Ò‡«’¡ª Á∂«÷¡≈ ª ’πfi ÍÒ Á∂ ‡‰√Òæ˘ ◊∆Õ’≈¿± ¿π‘ ¿π∫‡√∆鱧 Á∆ Á∂÷ ’∂ ÌÛ’ «ÚÚ√Ê≈ √’Á∂√∆Õ ‘È«¬’ªÂ «’ ‹∂ÓßÂ∞Á√ Ú≈’¬∆ «Ó‘È ’≈˘È ‘À Õ ¡◊Ò∂ «Úº‘Ø⁄◊¬∆‘≈¬∆ Ï≈¡Á ¿∞ √ ˘ ˜≈Â∆ Óπ ⁄ º Ò ’∂ “Â∂ ¤º ‚ ıÏ ¬∂ ‹ ß √ ∆ ≈ ¿∞‘  ‹ÁØ ∫ ÙÓ≈ ’πfi √Ø«⁄¡≈, «Î ¶Ó∂ ¶Ó∂ ’ÁÓª È≈Ò ¿π‘ «’√∂ ¡‰Í¤≈Â∂ ÌÀ¡¡Ω’≈È √≈«’≈ ‘Ó∂Ù≈ Á∂ Úª◊ÿ Ï≈˜≈ ÂØ∫ √Ϙ∆ ◊æÒ ’∆Â∆Õ ¿πÁØ∫ ‘∆ Ï߇∆ ¿π√Á∆¡ª «◊¡≈, «’¿π∫ √≈«’≈, ÓÀ∫ √π«‰¡≈ ˛ È≈Ò ’ßÏ ◊¬∆Õ ¿π‘ ‹ÒÁ∆ ÂØ∫ ‹ÒÁ∆ ’πfi ÍÂ≈ È≈ Òæ«◊¡≈Õ «¬√∂ ÁΩ≈È Ò¬∆ ¡≈͉∂ ‘ØÙ ◊π¡≈ ÏÀ«·¡≈Õ ¿π‘Ȫ ¡Â∂ ’Ó≈¬∆ ’Ø Âª Â∞ √ ∆∫ «¬’ Ù«‘∆ ’≈«¬Ó º ÷ ‰ Ò¬∆ ≈‰∆ Á∂ Íz  ∆«ÈË ÙÀ « Î Á≈ ¡‘∞ Á ≈ √≥ Ì ≈Ò‰ ÂØ ∫ Í«‘Òª «Áº  ≈ «◊¡≈ √∆ Í ÎÚ∆ B@A@ ¿π√ ÚæÒ Úˉ ’πfi «ÍØ ¡≈͉∆ ≈ 鱧 ÁÏ≈¬∆ ÏÀ·≈ √∆, ÷∆Á ’∂ ÊÀÒ≈ ‘æÊ «Ú⁄ ÒÀ ’∂ Ú≈Í√ ¡æ÷ª «Ú⁄ ¡æ÷ª Í≈ ’∂ ÏØ«Ò¡≈, ¡æ‹ ¡æ‹’Ò∑ 屧 Óπ‘æÒ∂ Á∂ ÒÛ«’¡ª È≈Ò «¬‘ ◊æÒ Ï߇∆ 鱧 Áæ√ Á∂‰≈ ⁄≈‘πßÁ∆ Ò’ÙÓ∆ È∂ ÍÂ∆ ÷∂ÓÒ≈Ò ˘ Áæ«√¡≈ 鱧 ¡«‹‘≈ Òæ«Œ◊¡≈ «’ ¿π‘Ȫ Á≈ ¡≈¬∆.¬∂ . ¡ÀÒæÈ«◊¡≈Õ .¡À √¿π. ‘Á∆  ‡«¬æ¤Í∞ µ‹∆ √∆ Â≈∫ ¿∞√ (ÙÓ≈) È∂ ’≈Î∆ ÍÒª Ï≈¡Á ¿π √ Á∂ È∂ Û ∂ Í‘π ß ⁄ ’∂ Í ¡æ‹ ¿π‘ √≈«’≈ Á∆ «¬’ fiÒ’ ÿ ÚæÒ ¡≈ ‘∆ √∆Õ ¿πÁØ∫ ‘√Â∆ ‘∆ ¿π√Á∆ ω Á≈ «ÁÈ Ï‘π Ùπ ¡√∆∫ æ Ï Á∂ ‘æÁ∂ √∆Õ ’∂ ‚ Ó≈Ô± ‘Ø ’∂⁄ «’ Á∂ Ò¬∆ ◊ «Ú⁄¿∞Ì≈ √Á∆»˛∫ÍÕ ¿π ¡æ÷Á∂ ª Á∆¡ª Ò∆¡ª ‘À «˜ßÁº ≈Á ‘Ø ’ √’Á≈«Áº˛Õ √’Á∂ ‘ØÌÕ ˛Õ«¬√ È≈Ò √ Á≈‘≈Ò∂ Óπ⁄Ú∆ºÒ’≈ Â≈ «Úº‘ ⁄ «÷¡≈Íπ‹ªÁ≈ Õ ¿π‘ Ï߇∆ ȱ¿∞ß «ÓÒ ‘ Òß È√ «Úº «Íz«√¶‚ Ú∆ ’Ω÷∆Á‰ ∫√Ò «Úº ⁄ ÏÀ«Ú⁄ ÙÓ≈ ¡Â∂ ÏÒ≈Â’≈ Í∆Â∆ ¬ß ∆ Ș √∆¢ √≈‘Ó‰∂ ¡≈ ‘∂ Ï߇∆ ”Â∂ ͬ∆Õ √≈‘Ó‰∂ ÷Û∑∂ ‘ªÕ ÏØ«¡È∞ Ò¡≈,√Âπ≈ √∆∫ «Ìæ ‹Á∆ «’¿π ∫ ‹≈ ‘∆ Á∂ ÷ ‰ Á≈ ÎÀÙ≈Ï √ Ò≈ ’’∂ Ù≈Ó‘Øȱ Ï≈‘ ’æ„«Á¡ª ÂÀÙ «Ú⁄ ¡≈ ’∂ ÏØÒ∆, Ï߇∆ ˜≈ √ßÌÒ, Ó∂∂ Í≈Í≈ 鱧 æ÷∂ ’∆Ï ¤∂ ‘˜≈ Ú∆ È‘∆∫ ‘ÈÕ «¬‘ ¿π‘Ȫ È∂ Âπß Á÷ Â∂ Ò‡’∆ Ò≈Ù Ï‘∞ Ú ≈Á ˘ ‘º Ò ≈Ù∂  ∆ «ÓÒÁ∆ ‘À Õ ”” «◊¡≈ √∆Õ √≥ Ë » ¡◊Ò∂ √≈Ò Ó≈⁄-¡ÍÀ Ò «Ù’ ’È◊∂ Õ ‘Ø? ¤Â∆ Á∂ ¡ßÁ ¡≈ ‹≈˙Õ √≈¬∆’Ò ÒÀ ’∂ ÿ ÂØ ∫ «È’Ò ¿π‘ ¿π√鱧 Á∂÷ ’∂ ÓÈ ‘∆ ÓÈ ÷πÙ ‘؉ ‘ΩÒ∆ ‘ΩÒ∆ Ú’Â Ï∆ÂÁ≈ «◊¡≈Õ ÏØÒ∆, «’√È∂ «’‘≈? √≈‚∂ Ï≈∂ ÍÂ≈ Òæ◊∂◊≈ ª ’∆ ‘ØÚ∂◊≈? √π‰ ’∂ ¿π√Á∂ ‘ØÙ ¿π‚ ◊¬∂Õ ¿π‘ Á±‘∆ 鱧 ¿πÂ≈«¡≈, Í Ó≈Ô±√∆ ‘æÊ Òæ◊∆Õ

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Ì≈Â∆ ‚≈’‡ 鱧 ÏÒ≈Â’≈ Á∂ ’∂√ ”⁄ ¤∂ √≈Ò Á∆ ’ÀÁ

Ì≈Â∆ Ó»Ò Á∂ ’≈ØÏ≈∆ ˘ Ï≈Ò ¡Í≈Ë ”⁄ AA √≈Òª Á∆ ’ÀÁ

«Î Ï∂ÍÁ≈ ‘Ø«¬¡≈ ÓÈج∂È‹ ≥ ∆ Á≈È‘∞√Á∂È ÈªÙ±”Â∂ ÍØ√∆ ‹≈ ‘∆ ¡ÙÒ∆ÒÂ≈ ◊+Ï∆.Í∆. +«ÒÚ «ÈÓÒ ≈‰∆

‡ÀÒ∆«Ú˜È ”Â∂ ¡È∂’ª ⁄ÀÈÒ ¡≈͉∂-¡≈͉∂ Íz◊ Ø ≈Ó Íz√≈ ’ ‘∂ ‘ÈÕ ’¬∆ ⁄ÀÈÒ ¡«‹‘∂ ‘È ‹Ø Ò≈√ ¬∂∫‹Ò√ : ‘≈Ò∆Ú∞µ‚ Ó±Ú∆ “ÒÚ BD ÿ≥‡∂ Ò◊≈Â≈ «√¯ ıÏª ‘∆ √≥⁄≈Ò’ Á∂Ù Á∆ ÈΩ‹Ú≈È Í∆Û∑∆ Á≈ ¡ÀÍz∫‚ ¡Á ◊√“‹ÁØ«Ú⁄ ØÓª«‡’ √∆È ’È Ú≈Ò∂ Ó≈◊ ÁÙÈ √≈ ’Á∂ ‚z ‘È, ∫ «’ ’∞«¬’ fi ◊Ò Íz√≈ ⁄À È Ò ¡«‹‘∂ ‘È, ÏÁÈ ‹Ø ÍzØ◊ «ÎÒÓ≈¿∞ ‰ Ò¬∆Ú∆¡≈͉∂ ȱ≈Óª ß Ï∂͢Á≈ ’È≈ ’∆Â∂ ‹≈‰ «Ú«◊¡≈È, ÷Ø‹ª, «¬«Â‘≈√ ¡Â∂ Á∂ ͺ ÷ ”⁄ «ÏÒ’∞ º Ò È‘∆∫ ‘ÈÕ ⁄∞‘ص’∆«◊¡≈È ÓÙ‘±√Ï≥  Ë¡Á≈’≈≈ ¬∂ È ∆ ‘À Ê Ú∂ ¡Â∂ ∆ «Ú«Ù¡ª ”Â∂ ¡Á≈’≈≈ ’ Íz«‹Ò∂ ‘≈Ò ¡Ë≈ ÍzØ◊‹À ≈Ó √≈ÂÈ’ ‘∂ È∂ «¬’ Ú≈ «Î ’¬∆ ‡∆ Ú∆ ÈÒ ÒØ‘À ’ª¢ Á∂◊ÒÀÓ ÚÒ‚ Á∆ ’∞‘ÈÕ fi ¡«‹‘≈ ‘∆ ⁄À’∆Â≈ ÓÈØ≥‹È ˘ Óπº÷ ÷Á∂ ‘ج∂ ÓÈØ≥‹È ÓÙ‘± ˜∆È ∫‡‡∂ ÓÀ∫‡ Ú∆’Ò∆“ Á∂ ’Ú √Ï≥Ë ∆ ÍzÓÀØ◊◊≈Ó Í∂Ù“¬∂’ ‘∂È‘È, ∫ È≈‡’, Í∂«‹Ú∂ ˜ Ò¬∆ ‘ÀÊÚ∂«¯ÒÓ∆ ¡Â∂ ‹À◊∆Â, ’ È∂ ¡≈͉∆¡ª È◊È ¡Â∂ ‘Ø‘È¢ ’¬∆ Íz’≈ ÎØ’≈‡» ‡Ø¡Èª «¯ÒÓª «ÁµÂ∆¡ª Á∂ Í«Ú≈’ ÒÛ∆Ú≈ ¡≈«ÁÕ Íz≥± ‡ÀÒ∆«Ú˜È Á∂ ÷∂Â ”⁄ ¡≈¬∆ «Èº‹∆ ⁄ÀÈÒª Á∆ «¬√ ÌÓ≈ ÂØ∫ Ï≈¡Á ÚºË ÂØ∫ ÚºË ÁÙ’ª ˘ ¡≈͉∂ ⁄ÀÈÒ È≈Ò ‹ØÛÈ Ò¬∆ ‹ª ‡∆ ¡≈ Í∆ ¡Ê≈ ‡À Ò ∆«Ú˜È ∂ « ‡≥ ◊ Íπ¡≈«¬≥‡ ˘ √≈‘Ó‰∂ º÷Á∂ ‘ج∂ ’¬∆ ⁄ÀÈÒ ¡≈͉∂ ÍzØ◊≈Óª ”⁄ ¡«‹‘≈ “Ó√≈Ò≈” ÍØ√Á∂ ‘È, ‹Ø «’ Ì≈Â∆ √º « Ì¡≈⁄≈ Â∂ √≥ √ ’≈ Á∆¡ª √≈∆¡ª ‘º Á ª-Ï≥ È ∂ ‡º Í Á∂ ‘Ø ¬ ∂ ¡ÙÒ∆ÒÂ≈ Á≈ ¡«‹‘≈ «Ú÷≈Ú≈ ’Á∂ ‘È, «‹È∑ª ˘ Í«Ú≈ ”⁄ ÏÀ· ’∂ Á∂÷‰≈ ª «¬’ Í≈√∂ «¬’ºÒ≈ «¬È√≈È Ú∆ Á∂÷Á≈ ‘Ø«¬¡≈ ÙÓ Ó«‘√»√ ’Á≈ ‘ÀÕ ‡∆ Ú∆ ⁄ÀÈÒª Á∂ √≥⁄≈Ò’ª ˘ ‹ÁØ∫ «¬È∑ª ÍØ√∂ ‹ªÁ∂ ¡ÙÒ∆Ò Â∂ Ï∂‘»Á≈ ÍzØ◊≈Óª Ï≈∂ Íπº«¤¡≈ ‹ªÁ≈ ‘À ª ¿∞ ‘ ÏÛ≈ ¡‹∆ÏØ - ◊∆Ï ‘≈Òª«’ ‡∆ Ú∆ ”Â∂ Ï∂  ∞ º ’ ∂ , «‹‘≈ ‹Ú≈Ï «Á≥Á∂ ‘ج∂ ’«‘≥Á∂ ‘È Ú≈«‘Ô≈ ¡Â∂ Ï∂ «√-ÍÀ  Á∂ «’ ‹∂’ ÁÙ’ª ˘ √≈‚∂ ÍzØ◊≈Óª ’«Ê ÓÈØ≥‹È Ú≈Ò∂ ÍzØ◊≈Óª Á∂ ”⁄ ¡ÙÒ∆ÒÂ≈ Ó«‘√»√ ‘∞≥Á∆ ‘À ª Íz√≈È Á≈ «√Ò«√Ò≈ Ì≈Â∆ ‡∆ ¿∞‘ √≈‚∂ ⁄ÀÈÒ Ú≈Ò≈ ¿∞‘ ÍzØ◊≈Ó Ú∆ ‹◊ Ҭ∆ ’ج∆ ÈÚª «ÚÙ≈ Á∂÷‰ ÂØ∫ Í‘∂˜ ’ÈÕ «¬‘ Íz◊ Ø ≈Ó È‘∆∫ ‘À, Íz≥± «¬È∑ª «ÁȪ ”⁄ ⁄ºÒ

‘∂ ¡Â∂ ¡Òº◊-¡Òº◊ ‡∆ Ú∆ ⁄ÀÈÒª Áπ¡≈≈ «Á÷≈¬∂ ‹≈ ‘∂ ¡÷ΩÂ∆ «¡ÀÒ‡∆ ÙØ¡˜ ˘ ÒÀ ’∂ Í»∂ Á∂Ù ¡Â∂ √Ó≈‹ ”⁄ «¬≥È≈ Úº‚≈ ‘≥◊≈Ó≈ ‘Ø«¬¡≈ «’ ¡≈ı

Á≈ Á∂√∆ «¬Ò≈‹ ¯ØÈ ’Ø:

Í≈¬∆Ó ‡≈«¬Ó ”⁄ «Á÷≈¿∞ ‰ Á∆ Ï‹≈¬∂ ≈ AA Ú‹∂ ÂØ∫ ÒÀ ’∂ √Ú∂∂ E Ú‹∂ º’ ‘∆ Íz√≈ ’∆Â∂ ‹≈‰Õ ‹ÁØ∫ «’ Óπ≥Ϭ∆ Á∆ ¿∞⁄ ¡Á≈Ò È∂ √’≈ Á∂ «¬√ ‘∞’Ó ”Â∂ «ÎÒ‘≈Ò BB ÈÚ≥Ï º’ Ø’ Ò◊≈ «ÁºÂ∆ ‘ÀÕ Ó≥Â≈Ò≈ È∂ «¬‘ Ú∆ ‘∞’Ó ‹≈∆ ’∆Â≈ «’ «¬È∑ª «¡≈«¬Ò‡∆ √Ø¡˜ ˘ ÁπÏ≈≈ Íz√≈ ȑ∆∫ ’∆Â≈ ‹≈ √’Á≈Õ √»⁄È≈ Â∂ Íz√≈È Ó≥Â≈Ò∂ Áπ¡≈≈ «¬‘ ’ÁÓ Á∂Ù Á∂ ÂÓ≈Ó √Ó≈«‹’ Â∂ ≈‹È∆Â’ ¡≈◊» Â∂ ‹Ê∂ Ï ≥ Á ∆¡ª, ˆÀ  -√’≈∆ ‹Ê∂Ï≥Á∆¡ª ‹ª ≈Ù‡∆ Ó«‘Ò≈ ¡≈ÔØ ◊ Á∆¡ª «Ù’≈«¬Âª Á∂ ¡≈Ë≈ ”Â∂ ⁄πº«’¡≈ ‘ÀÕ Ó≥Â≈Ò∂ Áπ ¡ ≈≈ ¡«‹‘∂ ¡ÙÒ∆Ò Â∂ Ì≈Â∆ √º«Ì¡≈⁄≈ ˘ √º‡ Ó≈È Ú≈Ò∂ ÍzØ◊≈Óª Á∂ Íz√≈È ”Â∂ È’∂Ò ’√‰ ÂØ ∫ Ï≈¡Á «‹º Ê ∂ «¬È∑ ª ÍzØ◊≈Óª ˘ ‹∞Û∂ ‹ª «¬È∑ª ÍzØ◊≈Óª ÂØ∫ ¡≈«Ê’ Ò≈Ì ’Ó≈¿∞‰ Ú≈Ò∂ Ú◊ ˘ ’≈¯∆ Â’Ò∆¯ ‘ج∆ ‘À, ¿∞Ê∂ ¡«‹‘∂ ÍzØ◊≈Óª Á∆ ¡≈ÒØ⁄È≈ ’È Ú≈«Ò¡ª Á≈ Ó≥ȉ≈ ‘À «’ √»⁄È≈ Â∂ Íz√≈È Ó≥Â≈Ò≈ ˘ «¬√ «ÚÙ∂ ”Â∂ «¬’ √≥Í»È «ÈÔÓ≈ÚÒ∆ ω≈ ÒÀ‰∆ ⁄≈‘∆Á∆ ‘À, «‹√ Á≈ Í≈Ò‰ √≈∂ ‡∆ Ú∆ ⁄ÀÈÒª ˘ ’È≈ ˜»∆ ‘ØÚ∂Õ «¬√ «Ú⁄ ’ج∆ Ùº’ È‘∆∫ «’ ’∞ fi ◊º Ò ª ¡«‹‘∆¡ª ‘È, ‹Ø ͺ ¤ Ó∆ Á∂ Ù ª Ò¬∆ Ì≈Ú∂ ∫ «ÏÒ’∞ º Ò Ó‘ºÂÚ È‘∆∫ º÷Á∆¡ª, Íz≥± ¿∞‘ ◊ºÒª √≈‚∂ Í«Ú≈ª ‹ª √≈‚∂ √Ó≈‹ Ò¬∆ Ï∂‘ºÁ Ó‘ºÂÚÍ»È √Ófi∆¡ª ‹ªÁ∆¡ª

‘ÈÕ √≈˘ ’ج∆ Ú∆ ÍzØ◊≈Ó ‹ÈÂ≈ ”⁄ «Ò¡≈¿∞‰ ‹ª «Á÷≈¿∞‰ ÂØ∫ Í«‘Òª «¬√ ◊ºÒ Á≈ «Ë¡≈È º÷‰≈ ⁄≈‘∆Á≈ ‘À «’ √≈‚≈ ¡≈͉≈ √º«Ì¡≈⁄≈ Â∂ √º«Ì¡Â≈ √≈˘ ’∆ ¿∞ÍÁ∂Ù «Á≥Á∆ ‘À Â∂ √≈‚∂ Ò¬∆ ¿∞√ Á≈ ’∆ Ó‘ºÂÚ ‘ÀÕ «˜’ÔØ◊ ‘À «’ ¡√∆∫ ¡≈͉∂ Á∂Ù Á∆¡ª ¡Ωª Á∂ √≈‘Ó‰∂ ’Á∂ √∆Â≈ ‹∆, ≈‰∆ Ò’ÙÓ∆ Ï≈¬∆, ’Ò≈ÚÂ∆, Ó∆≈ Ï≈¬∆ ¡≈«Á Ú◊∆¡ª ¡Ωª ˘ ¡≈ÁÙ ¡Ωª Á∂ »Í «Ú⁄ Í∂Ù ’Á∂ ‘È Â∂ Á»‹∂ Í≈√∂ ¡ºË Èß◊∆ «‹‘∆ «Á÷‰ Ú≈Ò∆ «¬’ ÏÁ˜∞Ï≈È ¡Â∂ ¡ÙÒ∆Ò Ì≈Ù≈ Á≈ Íz Ô Ø ◊ ’È Ú≈Ò∆ ¡Ω   ˘ ‡ÀÒ∆«Ú˜È Á∂ «¡ÀÒ‡∆ ÙØ¡˜ ”⁄ «¬È√≈¯ ’È Á≈ «˜≥Ó≈ √Ω∫Í «Á≥Á∂ ‘ªÕ ‡∆ Ú∆ ”Â∂ ⁄ºÒ ‘∂ ÍzØ◊≈Ó “«Ïº◊ ÏΩ√” «¡ÀÒ‡∆ ÙØ¡ ”⁄ Ú∆ «¬√∂ Â∑ª Á∆ ¡ÙÒ∆ÒÂ≈ ÍØ√∆ ‹≈ ‘∆ ‘À, «‹Ú∂∫ ◊≈Òª ’º„‰≈, ’∞º‡Ó≈ ’È∆ ¡Â∂ «¬’-Á»‹∂ ˘ ¡ÍÓ≈È ’È≈Õ ‘∞‰ ª ¡Ó∆’≈ ÂØ∫ «¬’ «¯ÒÓ∆ ‘∆Ø«¬È Í≈Ó∂Ò≈ ¡À‚√È Ú∆ «¬√ fiÓ∂Ò∂ Ú≈Ò∂ ÙØ¡ «Ïº◊ ÏΩ√ ”⁄ ¡≈͉∂ ‹ÒÚ∂ «Á÷≈¿∞‰ Ò¬∆ ¡Â∂ «√¯ ÁØ «ÁÈ Á∂ „≈¬∆ ’ØÛ ’Ó≈¿∞‰ Ò¬∆ Í‘∞≥⁄ ⁄πº’∆ ‘ÀÕ ¡Ê≈ «‹√ Â∑ª Á∂ ’ºÍÛ∂ Á∂Ù Á∆¡ª ‘∆Ø«¬È≈ Í≈ ’∂ «¡À Ò ‡∆ ÙØ ¡ ”⁄ «‘º √ ≈ È‘∆∫ ÒÀ √’Á∆¡ª, ¡«‹‘∆¡ª ¡Ë Èß◊∆¡ª ÍØÙ≈’ª Í≈ ’∂ Í≈Ó∂Ò≈ ¡À‚√È ¡≈͉∂ √∆ Á≈ ÍzÁÙÈ ’∂◊∆ ¡Â∂ ‡∆ Ú∆ ⁄ÀÈÒ Á∆ ‡∆ ¡≈ Í∆ ÚË≈¿∞‰ ”⁄ ÓÁÁ ’∂ ◊ ∆Õ Ì≈Ú∂ ∫ «’ Èß ◊ ≈͉ ÍØ √ ‰ ÂØ ∫ Ï≈¡Á ‘∞ ‰ Íz Ø ◊ ≈Ó

√≥ ⁄ ≈Ò’ª Áπ ¡ ≈≈ Ó‘ª Èß ◊ ≈͉ ÍØ√‰ Á∆ «Â¡≈∆ ’∆Â∆ ◊¬∆ ‘À ¡Â∂ «¬√ ˘ Ȫ «ÁºÂ≈ ‹≈ «‘≈ ‘À Íz◊‡≈Ú∂ Á∆ ¡≈˜≈Á∆ Á≈, Â∂ ¿∞‘ Ú∆ ÓÈØ≥‹È Á∂ Ȫ ”Â∂Õ ¡‹∂ Ï‘∞Â≈ √Óª È‘∆∫ Ï∆«Â¡≈ ‹ÁØ ∫ Ó‘» Ó Íz Ó Ø Á Ó‘≈‹È Á∂ ÍπºÂ ≈‘∞Ò Ó‘≈‹È ˘

A-DAF-IIB-EDHI

√’≈ ˘ Ú∆ «¬√ ”⁄ Á÷Ò Á∂ ‰ ≈ «Í¡≈Õ √»⁄È≈ Â∂ Íz√≈È Ó≥Â≈Ò≈ È∂ “«Ï◊ ÏΩ√ √∆˜È D” ¡Â∂ “≈÷∆ ’≈ «¬È√≈¯” Ú◊∂ ÍzØ◊≈Óª ˘ Íz√≈ ’È Ú≈Ò∂ ⁄ÀÈÒª ˘ «¬‘ ‘∞’Ó ‹≈∆ ’∆Â≈ ‘À «’ ¿∞‘ «¬È∑ª ÍzØ◊≈Óª ˘

ÌÓ≈¿∞‰ Ò¬∆ ‡∆ Ú∆ ⁄ÀÈÒ Áπ¡≈≈ ÌÍ» ’Ø«ÙÙ ’∆Â∆ ◊¬∆ √∆ ¡Â∂ ≈÷∆ Úª◊ ‘∆ ¿∞√ È∂ Ú∆ ¡≈͉≈ “√Ú≥Ï” «⁄¡≈ √∆Õ Ì≈Ú∂ ∫ «’ ≈‘∞ Ò Í«‘Òª ‘∆ Ù≈Á∆-Ù∞Á≈ √∆ ¡Â∂ ¿∞√ Á∆ ÍÂÈ∆ È∂ «¬√ Á∂ ÌÀÛ∂ «ÚÚ‘≈ ÂØ∫ Â≥◊ ¡≈ ’∂

«¬√ ˘ ¤º ‚ «Áº  ≈ √∆Õ ÈÙ∆Ò∆ √Óº◊∆ Á≈ √∂ÚÈ ¡Â∂ ÈÙ∂ º÷‰ Á∂ ÁØÙ ”⁄ ≈‘∞Ò Ó‘≈˜È Íπ«Ò√ Á∆ «◊z¯Â ”⁄ Ú∆ «‘ ⁄πº«’¡≈ ‘ÀÕ √≈‚∂ Á∂Ù Á∆ ÏÁ«’√ÓÂ∆ ‘À «’ ‘∞‰ ≈‘∞Ò Â∂ ≈÷∆ Ú◊∂ ÒØ’ ‘∆ √≈‚∂ Á∂Ù Á∂ ÈΩ ‹ Ú≈È Óπ ≥ « ‚¡ª Â∂ ’∞ Û ∆¡ª Á∂ ÓÈØ≥‹È Á≈ √≈ËÈ Ï‰ ‘∂ ‘ÈÕ ‹≈‘ ‘À «’ ‹ÁØ∫ ÍzØ◊≈Ó «ÈÓ≈Â≈ «¬È∑ª ˘ ÍzØ◊≈Óª ”⁄ Ù≈ÓÒ ’’∂ ‹ÈÂ≈ ”⁄ Í∂ Ù ’ ‘∂ ‘È Âª ¡«‹‘∆ √«ÊÂ∆ ”⁄ ÁÙ’ ¡≈͉≈ Ï⁄≈¡ «’Ú∂ ∫ ’ √’Á∂ ‘ÈÕ «Ò‘≈‹≈ √’≈ ”Â∂ √»⁄È≈ Â∂ Íz √ ≈È Ó≥Â≈Ò≈ Á∂ È≈ÒÈ≈Ò Íz Ø ◊ ≈Ó Ï‰≈¿∞‰ Ú≈«Ò¡ª Á∆ Ú∆ «¬‘ «˜≥ Ó ∂ Ú ≈∆ ωÁ∆ ‘À «’ ¡≈͉∂ Á∂Ù Á∆ √º«Ì¡≈⁄≈ Â∂ √º « Ì¡Â≈ Á∂ Óº Á ∂ È ˜ ¡«‹‘∂ ¡Á≈’≈ª ˘ ÍzØ◊≈Óª ”⁄ Ù≈ÓÒ ’È ‹Ø Á∂ Ù Á∆ ÈΩ‹Ú≈È Í∆Û∑∆ Á∂ √≈‘Ó‰∂ ÚË∆¡≈ ¡≈ÁÙ Í∂Ù ’È ¡Â∂ ¡ÙÒ∆ÒÂ≈, È◊ÈÂ≈, ÿ‡∆¡≈ ¡≥ Á ≈˜, ÿ‡∆¡≈ «ÒÏ≈√ ¡≈«Á ˘ ÈΩ‹Ú≈È Í∆Û∑∆ ÂØ∫ Á» º÷‰Õ

”

«¬√Ò Í≈«’ ÎÀÙÈ Á∆¡ «˜¡≈ ¿πÈ∑ª ÷πæÒ∑∂¡ È‘∆∫ Í«‘È Í≈«’ ¡≈« ¡Ω ¡≈Ëπ« ÂΩ ” Á∆¡ª ˜±∆ Í«‘« «⁄‘ „æ«’¡ ¡Ω ˛Õ Ò ”Â∂ Ò ¿πÈ∑ª ¿πÈ∑ª Ï«‰¡

«‚˜≈ «’  ‘ØÚ∂◊ Óπ‘ßÓÁ √∆, « Á∂ «Ú ‹≈ ’æ ‡ Û Óπ√Ò Í≈«’

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ÓßÂ∆ «¬Ê∂ « Ó∞’ «Ú⁄≈ ’≈«’À È ∂ « Á∆Ú≈ Ó◊Ø∫ È∂ È «Ú¡≈ (√∆.«ÁµÂ∆ ‘∞Ò≈ «Ú⁄ ÍzË≈È

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‫تیسرا‬

‫مجرم٭٭٭تحریر‪ :‬وحیداخترزمان‬

‫ ‪18‬‬

‫پر قانون ہتھ میلینے کا مجاز نہی بن جاتا۔ ممتاز قادری کے‬ ‫کئے گئے اس قتل کو می درست مان لیتا‪ ،‬اگر چند معتبر‬ ‫علماء دین سلمان تاثیر کے بیان کو توہین رسالت قرار دے کر‬

‫اب جبکہ بڑکے جذبات می کچھ کمی آ ئی ہ اور میڈیا بی اپنی‬

‫اس کے قتل کا فتوی جاری کرتے‪ ،‬لیکن ممتاز ن یہ قتل اپنے‬

‫اگلی سنسنی خیز خبر کی تلش می اس واقعہ کوبڑی حد تک‬

‫دماغ اور سوچ کے مطابق کیا ہ‪ ،‬ہ شخص اسی طرح دینی‬

‫بل چکا ہ آئی آپ کو تین مجرموں سےمل تے ہی۔‬

‫معاملت می اپنی مرضی چلن لگے تو قتل عام اور فساد‬

‫پہل مجرم پنجاب کا گورنر ‪ ،‬پیپلز پارٹی کا جیال‪ ،‬ایک سیاسی‬

‫کی صورت ہوگی ۔ سلمان تاثیر گناہ گار تھا یا نہی یہ بات‬

‫کارکن ‪ ،‬سیاسی لیڈر ‪ ،‬نڈر ‪ ،‬راست باز ‪ ،‬اقلیتوں کے حقوق کا‬

‫بعد کی ہ‪ ،‬لیکن ممتاز قادری قاتل ہ اور اسے اپنے جرم کی‬

‫محافظ ‪ ،‬شریف باپ کی اولد ‪ ،‬تعلیم یافتہ ‪ ،‬ایک انتہائی‬

‫سزا ملنی چاہیے۔ قادری صاحب کے حمائتی دوسری طرف یہ‬

‫کامیاب بزنس مین اور کاروباری شخصیت ‪ ،‬کیا ہوا کہ اگر اس‬

‫کہتے ہی کہ دیکھی کتاب وسنت‪ ،‬اجماع امت اور‬

‫ن ایک انسان کے بنائے قانون می بہتری کا تقاضہ کیا ‪ ،‬اگر‬

‫تصریحات آئمہ کے مطابق توہین رسول کی سزا صرف قتل‬

‫جذبات کی رو می اس قانون کو کال بی بول گیا تو کیا واجب‬

‫ہ اور توہین کی نیت کے بغیر بی حضور کی شان می‬

‫قتل ہو گیا ۔ پہلے اس بات کا تو فیصلہ ہوجان دو کے گورنر‬

‫توہین کا کلمہ کہنا کفر ہ۔ عاشق\ رسول غازی ممتاز قادری‬

‫سلمان تاثیر ن کوئی گستاخی کی بی تھی یا نہی۔اور کیا‬

‫ن توہین رسالت کرن والے کو قتل کر کے عظیم کارنامہ سر‬

‫انسان کے بنائے گئے قانون کی حیثیت ال کے قانون سے بڑھ کر‬

‫انجام دیا ہ ۔اس کی جرات ‪ ،‬بہادری ‪ ،‬ایمان غیرت اور‬

‫ہ ؟ ال کا قانون صرف قرآن اور حدیث ہ جس می کوئی‬

‫دینی حمیت کو زبردست خراج تحسین پیش کرنا چاہیے کہ‬

‫تبدیلی ممکن نہی‪ ،‬انسان کے بنائے قانون می تبدیلی اور‬

‫اس ن امت کی چودہ سو سالہ روایت کو باق رکھا اور دنیا‬

‫بہتری کی گنجائش ہوتی ہ۔ تصویر کا دوسرا رخ بی ہ‪ :‬تاثیر‬

‫کے ڈیڑھ ارب مسلمانوں کا سر فخر سے بلند کر دیا۔‬

‫صاحب کاف عرصے سے جو منہ میآتا تھا بولے جاتے تھے۔‬ ‫کبھی توہی رسالت کے قانون پر حملے کرتے اور کبھی مولویوں‬

‫تیسرا مجرم می خود ہوں جو یہ فیصلہ نہی کر پا رہ کہ‬

‫پر۔ جب اس ن توہین رسالت کے جرم می سزا پان والی‬

‫دونوں مجرموں می کس کا جرم ذیادہ ہ ۔ سلمان تاثیر کا‬

‫عورت کی دادرسی کی ٹھان اور وہ بی اپنے غیرملکی آقاؤں کی‬

‫زبان پر قابو نہ رکھنا یا ممتاز قادری کا جذبات پر قابو نہ‬

‫دلجوئی کیلیےتو انہوں ن ایک ایسا جملہ کہ دیا جو آج اس کی‬

‫رکھنا ؟ کیا سلمان تاثیر کو سلمان رشدی کے ساتھ اور ممتاز‬

‫موت کا سبب بنا۔ مسلمانوں کے ملک می نبی پاک کی حرمت‬

‫قادری کو غازی علم دین کے ساتھ ملن والے مولوی و‬

‫کے متعلق قانون کو کال قانوں کہنا آ بیل مجھے مار کے مصداق‬

‫مذہبی جنون میری سوچ پر حاوی ہی یا وہ نام نہاد روشن‬

‫تھا۔ مگر انہوں ن سوچا ہو گا وہ گورنر ہؤس می محفوظ‬

‫خیال جو سلمان تاثیر کوانسان اقدار کا ہیرو اور ممتاز‬

‫ہی۔ ان کی سیکیورٹی مضبوط ہ انہی کوئی نقصان نہی‬

‫قادری کو درندہ ثابت کرن پر مصر ہی ؟ ان دو انتہا پسند‬

‫پہنچائے گا۔ مگر خدا کی قدرت دیکھیے اسی کے محافظ ن‬

‫سوچوں اور فکروں ن مجھے کیوں یرغمال بنا رکھا ہ۔ آخر‬

‫اسےقتل کر دیا۔ سلمان تاثیر کو اس کی زبان درازی اور توہین‬

‫می ان لوگوں کی شدت پسندی سے دور ہو کر اس مسئلے‬

‫رسالت ن موت کی نیند سل دیا۔‬

‫کو علم اور عقل کے ساتھ کیوں نہی سمجھتا اور می تحقیق‬

‫دوسرا مجرم ممتاز قادری جس ن قانون اپنے ہتھ لے کر سلمان‬

‫کیوں نہی کرتا ۔پہلے دونوں مجرموں کا جرم ثابت ہونا تو‬

‫تاثیر کو مار ڈال حالنکہ ایک شخص محدوددینی علم کی بناء‬

‫شاید باق ہ لیکن تیسرا مجرم یقینا قصور وار ہ ۔‬

www.diversityreporter.com

January 26, 2011

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MULTICULTURAL FOOD FAIR Sunday, January 30, 2011 Time: 11:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m.

Tickets: $15.00 includes Admission, Food, Entertainment. Tickets may be purchased at Centre’s reception desk and at the door.

Location: 1-380 Cook Street, Victoria, B.C. Telephone: (250) 384-6542

7 different food choices!

Tantalize your taste buds and experience a sample of the various cuisines of the Middle East, Mexico, China, India, Greece, Sweden, and Japan.

Event catered by Victoria Global Caterers.

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Contact our local team at 310.SHAW.

Entertainment!

Feature show: 12:15-1:00 p.m.

Asmira’s School of Oriental Bellydance!

There’s more multicultural entertainment

Together is Together is Amazing.

Amazing.

scheduled throughout the event. Enjoy musicians, dancers, and laughter with friends.