Tr 00089

IDL - International Digital Library Of Technology & Research Volume 1, Issue 5, May 2017

Available at: www.dbpublications.org

International e-Journal For Technology And Research-2017

Spatial ReusabilityAware Routing in MultiHop Wireless Networks Using Single Path Routing protocol Renuka H.S

Mrs.Shruthi G

M.Tech, Dept.of CSE,

Assistant Professor, Dept.of CSE,

Don Bosco Institute of Technology,

Don Bosco Institute of Technology,

Renukaputti93@gmail.com

Shruthiindbit@gmail.com Abstract:In Multi-hop wireless routing to successfully achieve high end to end throughput .To search a “best� node path from source node to the destination node .A large number of routing protocols use for minimum total transmission count/time for delivering a single packet, such transmission time minimizing protocols cannot be assured to successfully achieve maximum end to end throughput. Considering spatial reusability of the wireless media, increase the end-to-end throughput in multi-hop wireless network. To support a function in spatial reusability-aware Single path routing (SAAP) protocols, It compare with existing protocols, Results provide desired end to end throughputgain is up to 62.7%. and desired end to end delay.

Keywords: Underwater resourceful routing, delay sensitive, energy cost.

1INTRODUCTION Outstanding to limited capacity of wireless

that can maximize the end-to-end throughput

communication mediaand loss wireless links , it

and end-to-end delay , particularly in multi-hop

is really important to carefully select the route

wireless networks. In recent years, a big number

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IDL - International Digital Library Of Technology & Research Volume 1, Issue 5, May 2017

Available at: www.dbpublications.org

International e-Journal For Technology And Research-2017

of routing protocols (e.g.,[3], ) have been

reusability is not considered. In this reader work,

planned for multi-hop wireless networks. Still, a

we reason that by carefully considering spatial

central problem with existing wireless routing

reusability of the wireless communication

protocols is that minimizing the overall number

media, we can very improve the end-to-end

(or time) of programs to deliver a single packet

amount in multi- hop wireless networks routing

from a source node to a destination node does

and up 60%.The detailed contributions of our

not

end-to-end

work are as follows. To the best of our

throughput. In this paper,we explore one thing of

knowledge, we are the first to explicitly consider

routing protocols, includingsingle-path routing.

spatial reusability of the wireless communication

Most of existingrouting protocols, no matter

media in routing, and design practical spatial

single-path routing protocols or any path routing

reusability aware single-path routing (SASR)

protocols, rely on link-quality aware routing

.We express the problem of spatial reusability-

metrics, such as link transmission count-based

aware single-path routing as a binary from, and

metrics (e.g., ETX )and link transmission time

propose spatial reusability-aware single-path

based metrics (e.g., ETT [2] and EATT

routing

).However, an important property of the wireless

selection.propose

communication media, which decides it from

participating node selection, cost calculation,

traditional wired communication media, is the

and forwarding list determination. We have

spatial reusability. To the maximum of our

evaluated SASR algorithm .Our evaluation

knowledge,

routing

results show that our algorithms significantly

protocols do not take spatial reusability of the

improve the end-to-end throughputandend-to-

wireless communication media into form. We

end

will show the wrong usage of routing metrics by

Specifically, for single-path routing, aamount

existing routing protocols, when range spatial

gain 60%.

necessarilymaximize

most

the

of the existing

(SASR)

delay

algorithm SAAR

compared

with

for

algorithm

existing

path for

ones.

2. RELATEDWORKS A Routing Metrics For single-path routing,

probable

several link-quality aware metrics were

successfully deliver a packet. Including the

planned. ETX [1] assigns the link

multi-rate ability,

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number

of

ETT

transmissions

to

[2] takes the Copyright@IDL-2017

IDL - International Digital Library Of Technology & Research Volume 1, Issue 5, May 2017

Available at: www.dbpublications.org

International e-Journal For Technology And Research-2017

estimated transmission time of a link as its

hyperlink

cost. What’s more, [4] provided some

However, existing routing metrics incline to

principles for routing metric plan.the EATX

calculate path cost using some device of cost

metric

reproduce

less combination of link costs. For example,

overalltransmissions in any-path forwarding.

the procedures in [4], such as consistency,

[3] adopted EATX as the hyperlink cost, and

ignored the effect of reusability.

was

defined

to

cost

and

the

lasting

cost.

defined the any path cost composed of the 3. EXISTING SYSTEM In new years, a overweight number of

overall number of transmissions to deliver a

routing protocols have been proposed for

single packet from a source node to a

multi hop wireless networks. Though, a

destination node does not unavoidably

fundamental problem with existing wireless

maximize the end-to-end amount. We study

routing protocols is that minimizing the

one thing of routing protocol, including

overall number (or time) of transmissions to

single-path routing ,The task of a single-path

deliver a single packet from a source node to

routing protocol to select a cost minimizing

a destination node does not necessarily

path, along which the packets are delivered

maximize the end-to-endthroughput and

from the source node to the destination

desired end-to-end delay, Great number of

node. In spatial reusability of wireless

works wireless routing matrices is ended in

signals decline during spread, two links are

traditional wireless sensor network. In

free of interference if they are remotegone

wireless communication network it is key to

enough, and so can transmit at the same time

carefully find the high value route in multi

on the same channel. To the top of our

hop wireless networks, a great number of

knowledge, most of the existing routing

routing protocols have been projected for

protocols do not take spatial reusability of

multi hop wireless networks. However, a

the

fundamental problem with existing wireless

studyspatial reusability of wireless sensor

routing protocols is that minimizing the

network routing using spatial reusability of

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wireless

communication.

We

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IDL - International Digital Library Of Technology & Research Volume 1, Issue 5, May 2017

Available at: www.dbpublications.org

International e-Journal For Technology And Research-2017

by single path routing media into account.

“destination

Routing

Stripping

protocols

are

generally

Stripping�,Destination

means

destination

is

packet

implemented based on transmission cost

remove from ring network ,Source Stripping

minimizing routing metrics, they cannot

in the packet is only present on the network

agreement

end .The

when

maximumend-to-end

spatial

around the ring and remove by the source

considered. They need national control to

node. The algorithms proposed in this work

realizeMAC-layer

to

do not needany development, and the SASR

eliminate transmission contention.Spatial

algorithms can be implemented in a spread

Reusability has a unique bandwidth allows

manner.Our approach can be extended to

multiple nodes on the ring to entirety of its

adapt to multiple transmission rates, as long

bandwidth efficiency mechanism allows

as the conflict graph of links can be

multiple nodes on the rings. Node can send

calculated .Proposed system motivate to

packet from source to destination, The

simply select the (any) path that minimizes.

the

overall

need

packet is present all the way

tobe

implementation

reusability

amount

scheduling,

of

a

and

method

transmission

called

counts

or

formation of an ad hoc network. While a

transmission time for delivering a packet. In

large number of routing protocols have been

An ad hoc network wireless sensor nodes

applied to find the path with minimum

with dynamism forming a network without

transmission time for sending a single

the use of any existing network setup

packet, such transmission time reduces

administration.Existing setup is expensive or

protocols cannot be guaranteed to achieve

difficultto use, wireless mobile users may

high end-to-end throughput and end-to-end

silent be able to communicate through the

delay.

3.1 Disadvantages of Existing System 1. Maximum of existing routing protocols,

any path routing protocols, trust on link-

no substance single path routing protocols or

quality aware routing metrics, such as link

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IDL - International Digital Library Of Technology & Research Volume 1, Issue 5, May 2017

Available at: www.dbpublications.org

International e-Journal For Technology And Research-2017

transmission count-based metrics and link

the wireless communication media into

broadcast time based metrics.

reason.

2.

Maximum of the existing routing

protocols do not take spatial reusability of

4 PROPOSED SYSTEM In this work, we study two kinds of routing

proposed to find the path with minimum

protocols, including single-path routing and

total transmissioncount/time for delivering a

any path routing. The task of a single-path

single packet, suchtransmission count/time

routing protocol is to

minimizing

select

a cost

protocols

cannot

besure

minimizing path, along which the packets

tocomplete maximum end-to-end throughput

are delivered from the source node to the

end-to-end delay. In this work, we say that

destination node. Just, anypath routing

by carefully considering spatial reusability

appears

of the wireless communication media, we

as

a

new

routing

technique

exploiting the broadcast countryside of

can

wireless communication media to improve

throughput and end-to-end delay in multi-

the end-to-end throughput end-to-end delay.

hop wireless networks. To support our row,

It collections the rule of multiple fairly weak

we propose spatial reusability-aware single-

paths to form a strong path, by greeting any

path routing (SASR) and anypath routing

intermediate node who hears the packet to

(SAAR) protocols, and compare them with

join in packet forwarding. In the difficult of

existing single-path routing and any path

routing and multi-hop wireless networks, to

routing

achieve

assessment results show that our protocols

high end-to-end

andend-to-end

greatly

protocols,

delay , it is key to find the “greatest� path

significantly

from the source nonode. Although a large

throughput

number of routing protocols have stayed

protocols.

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improve

the

end-to-end

respectively.

improve compared Specifically,

the with for

Our

end-to-end existing single-path

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IDL - International Digital Library Of Technology & Research Volume 1, Issue 5, May 2017

Available at: www.dbpublications.org

International e-Journal For Technology And Research-2017

routing, the middle throughput gain is up to

protocols is that lesseningthe overall number

60 percent, and for each source-destination

of transmissions to deliver a singlepacket

pair,Wireless networks are an emergent new

from a source node to a destination node

technology that will allow users to access

does notautomatically maximize the end-to-

information and services electronically from

end throughput

anywhere. The foundation of multi-hop

Firstly,most routing algorithms were built on

transmission in wireless networks is the

min-hopcount metric, which is a metric that

placement of intermediate nodes to relay

assumes perfect wirelesslinks and inclines to

packets from the source to the destination, in

minimize the number of hops onthe path.

states where direct communication is not

But, in the

possible due to power or interference

wirelesssetting, protocols using min-hop

limitations.

communication

metric does notdo well because they may

network it is significant to carefully find

include some unfortunate linkswith high loss

thehigh utility route in multi-hop wireless

ratios. Most of existing routing protocols,no

networks,

routing

matter singlepath routing protocols or

protocols have been proposed for multihop

anypath routingprotocols, trust on link-

wireless networks However, a fundamental

quality aware routing metrics.

In

a

problemwith

wireless

largenumber

existing

of

wireless

and end-to-end

delay.

look ofdamage links in

routing

4.1 Advantages of Proposed System 1. We can achieve more significant end-toend

throughput

and

end-to-end

delay

advances below higher data rates.

5. MODULES We have 2 main modules,

2. Anypath Routing Module

1. Single-path Routing Module

Single-path Routing:The task of a singlepath routing protocol is to select a cost

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IDL - International Digital Library Of Technology & Research Volume 1, Issue 5, May 2017

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International e-Journal For Technology And Research-2017

minimizing

path,

lengthwisewhich

the

a strong path, by friendly any midwaynode

packets are brought from the source node to

who overhears the packet to joinin packet

the destination node.

advancing.

Anypath Routing:This unitcollections the control of multiple justly weak paths to form

SASR Working: Step 1: SASR, Select the high cost in given

Step 4:From the selected pair node ,find

path.

minimum cost is calculated.

Step 2: Establish path, Src to Dst using

average cost +remaining cost=minimum

RREQ and RREP.

cost

Step 3: Multiple pair of node can transmit a

Step 5: Return minimum cost.

packet , when

there is no non-interference

path.

Example: Spatial Reusability: Path 1:Src-B-C-D-Dst cost is 8.9 Path 2:Src-A-B-C-D-Dst cost is 9.7

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6. SYSTEM CONFIGURATION Hardware Configuration 

Processor

-

Pentium –1V



Speed

-

1.1 Ghz



RAM



Hard Disk



Floppy Drive

-

1.44 MB



Key Board

-

Standard Windows Keyboard



Mouse

-

256 MB(min) -

20 GB

- Two or Three Button Mouse

Software Configuration 

Operating System

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Ubuntu 8|P a g e

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

Programming Language



Softerware

-

C++, NS2.35

7. CONCLUSION In this work, we have established that we an

single-path routing, correspondingly. We

knowinglyimprove

have also applied our protocols, and

the

end-to-end

throughput and end-to-end delay in multihop

compared

wireless networks, by sensibly considering

protocols. Evaluation results show that

spatial

SASR achieves a throughput gain is up to

reusability

of

the

wireless

communication media. We have presented

them

with

existing

routing

62.7% .

protocols SASR for spatial reusability aware

References [1] D. S. J. D. Couto, D. Aguayo, J. C. Bicket, and R. Morris, “AHighthroughput path metric for multi-hop wireless routing,” in MOBICOM, 2003.ransmission cost minimizing routing de to the destination.

[2] R. Draves, J. Padhye, and B. Zill, “Routing in multi-radio, multi-hop wireless mesh networks,” in MOBICOM, 2004.

[3] R. P. Laufer, H. Dubois-Ferri`ere, and L. Kleinrock, “Multirate anypath routing in wireless mesh networks,” in INFOCOM, 2009.

[4] H. Zhai and Y. Fang, “Physical carrier sensing and spatial reuse in multirate and multihop wireless ad hoc networks,” in INFOCOM, 2006.

[5] S. Zhao, L. Fu, X. Wang, and Q. Zhang, “Fundamental relationship between nodedensity and delay in wireless ad hoc networks with unreliable links,” in MOBICOM, 2011.

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