Dutchess County Historical Society Yearbook Vol 012 1927

Year Book Dutchess County Historical Society Volume 12

1927

Annual Meeting, third Friday in May Semi-Annual Meeting, third Friday in October MEMBERSHIP Membership in the Dutchess County Historical Society may be had by the election of the applicant by the Executive Committee and the payment of the annual dues.

Annual dues 2.00 Life membership 25.00 These payments carry with them the right to hold office, o vote and to take part in the proceedings of the society.

Annual dues are payable on January 1st of each year.

Copies of the Year Book are mailed only to those members whose dues are paid to date.

FORM OF BEQUEST I give and bequeath to the _DUTCHESS COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY Dollars

2.

Officers 1927 PRESIDENT: William Platt Adams, Red Hook, N. Y. SECRETARY: J. Wilson Poucher, M. D., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. TREASURER: Irving D. LeRoy, M. D., Pleasant Valley, N. Y. ASST. TREASURER: Mrs. George B. Waterman, Poughkeepsie, N. Y.* CURATOR: Henry Booth, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. TRUSTEES Henry Booth" Tracy Dows2 Irving D. LeRoy, M. John J. Mylod3

The Hon. Thomas Newboldl W. Willis Reese2 Miss Helen W. Reynolds3 George S. Van Vliet3

VICE-PRESIDENTS J. E. Spingarn Mrs. Samuel -Verplanck Jacob Brill William J. Browning John A. Hanna Mrs. Edward B. Stringha,m William E. Verplanck Franklin D. Roosevelt Joseph H. Van Wyck Eugene Van Nest Darwin Morse Miss Martha Akin Taber Frank Eno J. Adams Brown James F. Baldwin, Ph.D. John S. Wilson, M, D. William S. Massonneau Miss Ethel Douglas Merritt Willson Carpenter Mrs. R. Theodore Coe Lenox Banks Oakleigh Thorne

Town of Amenia City of Beacon Town of Beekman Town of Clinton Town of Dover Town of East Fishkill Town of Fishkill Town of Hyde Park Town of LaGrange Town of Milan Town of North East Town of Pawling Town of Pine Plains Town of Pleasant Valley Town of Poughkeepsie City of Poughkeepsie Town of Red Hook Town of Rhinebeck Town of Stanford Town of Union Vale Town of Wappingers Town of Washington

1. Term expires 1929. 2. Term expires 1928. 3. Term expires 1930. *Checks for the Society may be made payable to the order of Katherine B. Waterman, Assistant Treasurer, and sent to 56 Grand Avenue, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 3

Contents Page Secretary's Minutes, June 29, 1926-October 21, 1927

7

Treasurer's Report, July 1, 1926-October 21, 1927

17

Pilgrimages, September 15, 1926 and September 16, 1927

19

Organization of Court of Common Pleas, Dutchess County

30

Madam Brett's Discarded Will

32

An Eighteenth Century Lease

33

Old Sycamore Trees

35

The Glebe House at Poughkeepsie

36

Papers of the LeRoy Family Assessment Roll of Dutchess County, 1714.

Letter, written by Henry Beekman December 29, 1743.

Five letters addressed to Peter LeRoy.

38

Records of the German Church, formerly at Pinks Corners Contributed by J. Wilson Poucher, M. D.

49

The Lure of the Living Past

By Helen Reed deLaporte.

75

Membership List

93

4

Illustrations Scenes on Pilgrimage of 1927

Opp. Page 28

Signature of Madam Brett

Opp. Page 32

An Eighteenth Century Lease

Opp. Page 34

Old Sycamore Trees

Opp. Page 36

The Glebe House at Poughkeepsie

Opp. Page 38

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Secretary's Minutes JUNE 29, 1926 - OCTOBER 31, 1927*

ANNUAL PILGRIMAGE SEPTEMBER 15, 1926 The Annual Pilgrimage of the Society was held on September 15th, 1926.

The members met at the residence of Mr. and Mrs. J. Adams Brown, Pleasant Valley, where they were welcomed by Mr. and Mrs. Brown. Mr. Brown related the interesting history of this fine preRevolutionary house.

We then went on to the house of Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Wheaton at Lithgow where Mr. Wheaton entertained the Society with the history of his home and Miss Wheaton showed the members through the house.

Mr. Mylod then grouped the Society for a photograph which, with its beautiful background, is a souvenir worth preserving. Here we partook of our basket lunch and then

proceded, approximately 175 strong, to the Smithfield Church where Mr. Willson Carpenter told the members about the old place and its origin.

From there the Society journeyed on through Amenia to "Troutbeck", where Col. Spingarn and his household entertained us in a royal fashion. Grouped on the beautiful lawn we listened to addresses by Mr. Charles Benton on "Troutbeck", on which he loves ta talk, and Mr. Lewis 1V1iumford on "The Value of Local History".

After which the members partook of "Troutbeck" hospitality, ice cream and cakes and various other goodies and dispersed for home.

Dame Nature had also smiled upon us and given us a beautiful September day.

MEETING OF THE TRUSTEES SEPTEMBER 22, 1926 A meeting of the Board of Trustees was held at the Amrita Club September 26, 1926. Present were 1Vfr. Adams, Mr. Mylod, Miss Reynolds, Mr. Dows, Mr. Booth and the Secretary.

Mr. Booth reported that the Board of Trustees of Vassar Brothers Institute had at a recent

meeting passed the following resolution, Moved: that the Trustees of Vassar Brothers Institute invite the Dutchess County Historical Society to use, until further action by said Trustees, the room on the north of the entrance, commonly known as the Library, for the housing of its collections without

*It is proposed to begin with this Year Book an arrangement whereby each issue will cover the business of a year ending on October 31st, the Year Book to come out between November 1 and December 31.

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Geraldine B. W. Ryan, Tivoli, N. Y.; Miss Eva Emily Ryan, Tivoli, N. Y.; Mr. J. W. Gardner, Rhinebeck, N. Y.; Miss Alice T. Mac Dougal, Amenia, N. Y.; Mrs. M. T. Mac Dougal, Amenia, N. Y.; Mr. H. C. Buckley, Wassaic, N. Y.; Mr. John J. Hill, Millerton, N. Y.; Dr. Thomas F. Mylod, 580 Washington Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.; Rev. Howard McKinley, Beacon, N. Y.; Mrs. Howard McKinley, Beacon, N. Y.; Miss Sarah E. Ham, Millbrook, N. Y.; Mrs. Frank Bain (Amelia McQuoid), Newburgh, N. Y.; Dr. Samuel E. Appel, Dover Plains, N. Y.; Mrs. Elias Eighmie, Poughkeepsie,; Miss Ella McCaleb, Vassar College; Hon. Hamilton Fish, Jr., Garrison, N. Y.; Mr. Thomas R. Moore, Shekomeko, N. Y.; Mrs. Jesse Reynolds, Dover Plains, N. Y.; Mr. William J. Reagan, Poughkeepsie; Mrs. Arthur Parks, Poughkeepsie; Mr. Franklyn J. Poucher, Poughkeepsie; Miss Mary Mylod, Poughkeepsie; Miss Caroline B. Davis, Wiccopee, N. Y. ; Miss Rosalie Clements, Wiccopee, N. Y.; Mr. Charles DuBois, Fishkill, N. Y.; Mrs. Charles DuBois, (Ethel Moore), Fishkill, N. Y.; Mr. DeCost Smith, Amenia, N. Y.; Miss Harriet Sawyer, Poughkeepsie.

Adjourned.

J. WILSON POUCHER. Secretary.

charge. It is understood that so long as the Community Theatre uses the Institute it shall be entitled to the space now assigned It is to it outside the grill. further understood that if at any time it shall seem desirable to the Trustees of the Institute said Historical Society will reimburse the Institute for any expense for heating and lighting due to the use of this room by the Society. September 14, 1926.

It was moved and seconded and carried unanimously that the offer of Vassar Brothers Institute be accepted and the matter be left in the hands of Mr. Booth, the Curator.

Mr Adams reported that the Society was represented at the Sesqui Centennial celebration of the adoption by New York of the Declaration of Independence which was held at White Plains on July 9th by Wm. P. Adams, Joseph H. Van Wyck and John M. Ham who were appointed delegates by the University of the State of New York. At the Sesqui-Centennial celebration at Fishkill and Beacon on September 5th Mr. Adams, Miss Helen W. Reynolds and Mr. J. J. Chapman took active parts as did Mr. Wm. E. Verplanck who was General Chairman.

The following were elected members of the Society-Miss

SEMI-ANNUAL MEETING OCTOBER 15, 1926 Institute at 11 A. M., Oct. 15, 1926, the president, Mr. William P. Adams, presiding.

The semi-annual meeting of the Dutchess County Historical Society was held at Vassar Brothers 8

The secretary read the minutes of the annual meeting and the trustee meetings.

The assistant treasurer, Mrs. Katharine B. Waterman, gave the report of the treasurer, which is appended to these minutes.

The secretary spoke of the importance of an enlarged membership.

Miss Reynolds spoke on the importance of the work the Society is doing in historical research and the value of the Society's Year Books which are already becoming very difficult to obtain, especially some of the early numbers.

The secretary reported the resignation of Mr. A. B. Ostrander.

The following members have died since the last meeting: Mr. William Allen Adriance.

Mrs. Mary E. Collingwood.

Mr. Clarence A. Fowler.

Mr. John M. Janes.

Miss Annie Wier Young.

Mr. Duryea Remsen Robinson.

The following new members were elected: Mr. and Mrs. George W. Davids, Poughkeepsie; Mrs. Alexander Caven, Poughkeepsie; Mrs. Jacob H. Strong, Rhinebeck; Mrs. Franklyn J. Poucher, Poughkeepsie; Mrs. A. V. V. Haight, Poughkeepsie; Mrs. John W. Clark, Millerton; Mr. Clement C. Gaines, Beacon; Dr. John H Dingman, Poughkeepsie; Mrs. Woodbury G. Langdon, Rhinebeck; Miss Ella M. Brownson, Wappingers Falls; Mr. Philip H. Waddell Smith, Pitts-

burgh, Pa.; Mr. Baltus B. Van Kleeck, Poughkeepsie; Mr. and Mrs. Walter Guilder, Poughkeepsie; Mr. and Mrs. James Myers, Poughkeepsie; Mrs. Ella Brundage, Beacon; Mr. and Mrs. Brundage, Beacon; Mr. and Mrs. Vincent Stearns, Beacon; Mrs. Irving Picard, Beacon; Mr. J. Henry Smith, Wassaic; Mr. Webster Wagner, Hopewell Junction.

Miss Freeman was then introduced who spoke on Near East Relief in the interest of the care of orphan children.

The Society adjourned to the Nelson House for luncheon which was thoroughly enjoyed by about one hundred and twenty members of the Society and their friends.

After luncheon President Adams introduced Mrs. Charles White Nash, Past regent New York State D A. R., who gave a very interestfig talk on the work the D. A. R. has been doing in historical research work in the State.

She was followed by Professor W. J. Reagan of Oakwood School and Justice Joseph Morscha-aser who told us what important work our Society is doing in nutchess County and New York State. Dr. Henry Noble MacCracken, President of Vassar College, then addressed the Society regarding the American Historical Assooiaticn and its campaign for the raising of an endowment fund J. WILSON POUCHER, Secretary.

MEETING OF THE TRUSTEES FEBRUARY 11, 1927 A meeting of the Board of Trus- February 11, 1926. tees was held at the Amrita Club Present: Mr. Henry Booth, Dr. 9

I. D. LeRoy, Mr. Geo. Van Vliet, Mr. Tracy Dows, Mr. John J. Mylod, Miss Helen W. Reynolds and the Secretary.

Mr. Booth presided in the absence of the president.

Letter from Mr. Reese, who was unable to be present, was read.

Various matters of interest to the Society were discussed.

The following twenty-one new members were elected: Mr. Martense H. Cornell, Wappingers Falls; Mr. and Mrs. Harry Bartlett, Poughkeepsie; Mr. William C. Mattern, Poughkeepsie; Adriance Memorial Library, Poughkeepse; Mr. Charles Clifford Livingston, Fishkill, N. Y.; Mr. Richard O'Donnell, Poughkeepsie; Dr. John A.

Card, Poughkeepsie; Mr. and Mrs. Elmer Conklin, Poughkeepsie; Miss Anna M. Vincent, Dover Furnace, N. Y.; Dr. and Mrs. Jacob Weber, Rhinebeck, N. Y.; Mr. and Mrs. Earl D. Tobey, Poughkeepsie; Mr. Richard Henry Arnold, Poughkeepsie; Mr. Thomas Joseph Todarelli, Poughkeepsie; Mr. Fred C. Close, Poughkeepsie; Mrs. Joseph Morschauser, Poughkeeps'.e; Mr. J. Henry Smith,Wassaic; Mr. Guilford Dudley transferred from Annual to Life Membership; Rev. Walter A. Edwards elected to honorary membership; Mr. H. N. W. Magill elected to honorary membership.

Adjourned.

Secretary.

ANNUAL MEETING MAY 20, 1927 The annual meeting of the Dutchess County Historical Society was held at Vassar Brothers Institute May 20, 1927. The president Mr. William P. Adams presided. The minutes of the preceding meeting were read by the secretary and approved. The Society then proceeded to the election of officers, Mr. Mylod taking the chair.

Mr. William P. Adams was nominated for president and unanimously re-elected.

The following were elected: Colonel J. E. Spingarn, Vice-president, Town of Amenia; Mrs. Samuel Verplanck, Vice-president, City of Beacon; Jacob S. Brill, Vicepresident, Town of Beekman; William J. Browning, Vice-president, Town of Clinton; The Hon. John 10

A. Hanna, Vice-president, Town of Dover; Mrs. Edward Barnes Stringham, Vice-president, Town of East Fishkill; William E. Verplanck, Vice-president, Town of Fishkill; The Hon. Franklin D. Roosevelt, Vice-president, Town of Hyde Park; Joseph H. Van Wyck, Vice-president, Town of LaGrange; Major Eugene Van Nest, Vicepresident, Town of Milan; Darwin Morse, Vice-president, Town of North East; Miss Martha Akin Taber, Vice-president, Town of Pawling; Frank Eno, Vice-president, Town of Pine Plains; J. Adams Brown, Vice-president, Town of Pleasant Valley; James F. Baldwin, Ph.D., Vice-president, Town of Poughkeepsie; John S. Wilson, M. D., Vice-president, City of Poughkeepsie; William S. Masson-

neau, Vice-president, Town of Red Hook; Miss Ethel Douglas Merritt, Vice-president, Town of Rhinebeck; Willson Carpenter, Vicepresident, Town of Stanford; Mrs. R. Theodore Coe, Vice-president, Town of Union Vale; Lenox Banks„ Vice-president, Town of Wappingers; Oakleigh Thorne, Vice-president, Town of Washington.

J. Wilson Poucher, M. D., Secretary.

Irving D. LeRoy, M. D., Treasurer.

Mrs. George B. Waterman, Assistant Treasurer.

Henry Booth, Curator.

Miss Helen W. Reynolds, Trustee for three years.

John J. Mylod, Trustee for three years.

George S. Van Vliet, Trustee for three years.

Mr. Adams upon resuming the chair made a few happy remarks again thanking the members for their continued confidence.

The Secretary made a brief report of the condition of the Society.

There were no resignation-4.

The following members hrve died since the last meeting: Doug las Merritt, Professor Lucy M. Salmon, Samuel H. Brown, Miss Sarah E. Ham, Joseph N. Badeau, Pierre E. DuBois, James Roosevelt Roosevelt.

Miss Reynolds spoke of the death of Professor Salmon and offered a resolution of regret, which was unanimously carried.

Mr. Adams presented a medallion issued by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad on its 100th Anniversary.

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Mr. Booth reported the rem:.val of the Society's books, monognIphs and other belongings to Vassar Brothers Institute where they can be consulted by the members of the Society and others upon application to the Curator.

Mr. Adams reported his experiences at the Bear Mountain meeting, where he represented this Society.

He suggested that the "StarSpangled Banner" be made our National Anthem. After considerable discussion by members Miss Reynolds offered the following preamble and resolution which was adopted :-Whereas: Inasmuch as the United States has never officially adopted a national anthem and inasmuch as the Star-Spangled Banner has by usage in the Army and Navy of the United States been given public recognition as the national anthem, Be it resolved: That the DUtchess County Historical Society recommend to the Honorable Hamilton Fish, Jr., Representative in Congress of Dutchess County that he introduce in the Congress of the United States a bill providing for the official adoption of the Star-Spangled Banner as the national anthem.

The Secretary read a letter from one of our members, Theodore Rogers Brill, urging action to try to prevent the invasion of Dutchess County by New York City for a water supply.

Also a letter was read from Jacob S. Brill who is on a committee for tablets in memory of Colonel James Van Derbergh and Benson.

J. Lossing. Mr. Brill recommended that the Society wait until the

question of the New York Water Supply be settled.

Mr. Mylod moved that the Secretary ask the Board of Supervisors to appoint a historian for Dutchess County and also for the several towns in which there is no historian and recommended that Mr. Richard Maher be suggested for the town of Dover and Mr. Chester Husted for Pleasant Valley; seconded and carried.

Mr. Maher spoke on the proposed water supply area and advised that the Society make careful records of any historical spots in this area. Miss Helen W. Reynolds offered the following:- Resolved: That the Dutchess County Historical Society memorializes the representatives of Dutchess County in the State Legislature to the effect that the Society deprecates undue haste in the proposal by New York City to acquire sources of water supply in Dutchess County and that the Society urges the representatives in the Legislature to assure to the citizens of Dutchess County that careful investigation of all proposals be made before final action is taken upon the s.1..ra. e.

After a short discussion by Mr. George S. Van Vliet and several other members it was carried.

The following were then elected members of the Society: Miss Mary VanderBurgh, Mt. Vernon, N. Y.; Harold Delamater, Poughkeepsie; Newberry Library, Chicago, Ill.; W. Arthur Saltford, Poughkeepsie; Mrs. W. Arthur Saltford, Poughkeepsie; John B. Marian, Poughkeepsie; The Rev. Maurice C. Ashley, Wappingers Falls; Miss Mary I. Brill, Pough12

quag; Mrs. Alexander Baranovski, Poughquag; Oakley T. Cookingham, Red Hook; Mrs. Oakley T. Cookingham, Red Hook; Joseph Griffing, Red Hook; Mrs. Joseph.

Griffing, Red Hook; Ezra B. Cookingham, Upper Red Hook; Alexander S. Wyant, Red Hook; F. Palmer Hart, Upper Red Hook; Mrs. F. Palmer Hart, Upper Red Hook; Mrs. Frederick Bodenstein, Staatsburgh; Radcliffe Heermance, Princeton, N. J.; Dr. Clarence 0.

Cheney, Poughkeepsie; Mrs. Clarence 0. Cheney, Poughkeepsie; Dr. James E. McCambridge, Poughkeepsie; Mrs. James E. McCambridge, Poughkeepsie; Richard E. Coon, Poughkeepsie; Grover H. Schatz, Poughkeepsie; Frank S. Dickerson, Poughkeepsie; Mrs. Frank S. Dickerson, Poughkeepsie; William A. Metzgar, Red Hook; Mrs. William A. Metzgar, Red Hook; The Rev. Frank D. Blanchard, Rhinebeck; Mrs. Frank D. Blanchard, Rhinebeck; Mrs. Lena M. Lasher, Hyde Park; Miss Elma Rymph, Salt Point; Mrs. Elizabeth Ring, Salt Point; Mrs. Robert Van Tine, Beacon; Mrs. Albert W. Sullivan, Poughkeepsie; Mrs. Edward J. Coleman, Poughkeepsie; Mrs. Araminta Mahoney, Poughkeepsie; Mrs. Charles Underhill, Hopewell Junction; Mrs. Samuel W. Lesher, Hopewell Junction; Mrs. Albert W. White, Lagrangeville; Dr. Lyman E. Rockwell, Amenia; Poughkeepsie Eagle-News, Poughkeepsie.

Mr. Henry J. Taylor of Poughkeepsie was elected an honorary member of the Society in recognition of his work as collector of Indian relics.

Mrs. Katherine B. Waterman,

assistant treasurer, submitted her report which is appended to these minutes.

bers and their friends participated in luncheon with President Adams as toastmaster.

After lunch Mr. Adams introduced Mr. Peter Nelson, Assistant State Historian, who gave a comprehensive account of the events which are being celebrated during the sesqui-centennial period.

Mr. Nelson was followed by Major Albert L. Callan who spoke on the life and character of Martin Van Buren.

The Hon. George V. L. Spratt closed the day's program with a short address in a lighter vein.

The President appointed as Pilgrimage Committee Mr. John J. Mylod, Miss Helen W. Reynolds and Mr. Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Year Book Committee-Miss Helen W. Reynolds, Mrs. Theodore de Laporte and Dr. J. Wilson Poucher.

It was voted to hold the fall meeting in Rhinebeck.

The meeting then adjourned to the Nelson House where 135 mem-

MEETING OF THE TRUSTEES SEPTEMBER 6, 1927 A meeting of the Board of Trustees was held at the Amrita Club on Tuesday, September 6, 1927.

Present were Mr. Adams, Mr. Booth, Mr. Mylod, Mr. Van Vliet, Mr. Dows, Miss Reynolds, Mrs. Waterman and the secretary.

It was learned that the Beekman Arms at Rhinebeck was to be closed before the date of the October meeting and as there was no other available place in Rhinebeck, it was decided to hold that meeting and luncheon at the usual place in Poughkeepsie.

Mr. Adams reported that General Delafield was to be one of the speakers at the luncheon and the secretary was instructed to correspond with several gentlemen with a view to procuring another speaker.

Motion was made and carried to increase the annual salary of the Assistant Treasurer to $100.00, moved and seconded that the So-

ciety reimburse Mr. Mylod for the expense incurred in getting a photographer for the last Pilgrimage.

Plans for the coming pilgrimage were discussed.

The following persons were elected to membership in the Society: Mrs. Robert Guilder, Poughkeepsie; Mrs. William T. Storm, Hopewell Junction; Miss Lena N. Fowler, Pleasant Valley; Miss Eleanor M. Ashley, Wapping43rs Falls; Mr. Frederick S. Stevenson, 34 Nassau Street, New York City; Mrs. Robert E. Dean, Poughkeepsie; Mr. Edward A. Conger, Poughkeepsie; Mrs. Willard C. Vail, Poughkeepsie; Mr. Lea La Rue Stewart, Rhinebeck; Mrs. Lea LaRue Stewart, Rhinebeck; The Rev. Gabriel Farrell, Rhinebeck; Mrs. Gabriel Farrell, Rhinebeck; Mr. Edward Nally, New Hamburgh; Mrs. Edward Nally, New Hamburgh; Mr. N. Collins Smith, Amenia Union; Mrs. 0. B. Donald1.3

son, Pawling; Mrs. J. B. Davol, Fishkill; Mrs. Henry S. Morgan, Poughkeepsie; Mr. Timothy Mahoney, Poughkeepsie.

Adjourned.

J. WILSON POUCHER. Secretary.

SEMI-ANNUAL MEETING FRIDAY, OCTOBER 21, 1927 The semi-annual meeting of the Dutchess County Historical Society was held at Vassar Brothers Institute, Poughkeepsie, New York, October 21, 1927.

The meeting was called tc order

by President William P. Adams.

The secretary read the minutes of the annual meeting of May 20th and the minutes of the trustees' meeting of September 6th, 1.927.

The treasurer's report was made by the assistant treasurer, Mrs. Katherine B. Waterman. and is appended to these minutes.

The secretary reported that since the annual meeting in May the Society has lost by death 10 members: Mr. Pierre E. Du Bois, Mrs. Henry W. Avis, Miss Julia Carpenter, Mr. Mark G. Du Bois, Mrs. John Hackett, Miss Alice Hill, Mr. Gerald L. Hoyt, Mr. Edward.

Pol'Aris Jones, Mrs. Charles D. Sherwood, Miss Mary Tower.

And by resignation 7 members: Mr. M. H. Brower, Mrs. M. H. Brower, Mrs. G. D. Campbell, Mrs. Lawrence B. Cummings, Mr. J. Schuyler Fox, Miss Laura Mygatt.

Leaving a membership of 687 members.

The Secretary reported the following gifts to the Society: An original manuscript of James H. Smith's History of Dutchess County, presented by Mr. Tracy Do-ws: Robin Red Breast Juvenile Singing 14

Book, A Century of Music in Poughkeepsie, and A History of the 128th Regiment, N. Y. Volunteer Infantry, presented by Miss Helen J. Andrus; donation visit card, Rev. C. C. Ambler, Bangall Parsonage 1868; Notice of Organization of 1st National Bank in Poughkeepsie 1864; Placard adver tising Agricultural Picnic Washington Hollow 1874; old newspaper 1844; catalogues of Cottage Hill Seminary 1857 and 1859; minutes of Dutchess County Baptist Association 1839-1898; copy of Dutchess County Farmer 1879; Eagle Almanac 1877-1882; copy of Easy Grammar of Geography for 1817, good copy of a later edition 1828, both compiled by Jacob Willets and printed by Potter and Wilson, Poughkeepsie, N. Y.; various papers pertaining to Rev. C. C. Ambler and several other articles from Elsie M. Dutcher, 0-we-go, Tioga County, New York.

The Secretary stated that: on September 10, the President, Miss Reynolds, Mr. Mylod, and the Secretary represented the Societyat the celebration of the Sesquicentennial at Kingston, New York, and had a very enjoyable time.

The annual pilgrimage was held September 16, 1927. Springwood, the home of Mr. and Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt, at Hyde Park, was visited, as was Briarcliff Lodge at

Pine Plains on invitation of Mr, and Mrs. Oakleigh Thorne. About 300 members and their friends joined in the trip.

On October 1st Poultney Bigelow invited the members of this Society to attend a garden party at his home at Malden, New York and several accepted the invitation.

The Society members were invited to attend the annual meeting of the State Historical Association at Glens Falls, New York, October 6, 7 and 8. Also to attend the Sesqui-centennial celebration at Ticonderoga and Saratoga.

The Secretary has received an invitation to the Society from the Westchester Historical Society to attend its annual meeting and dinner on October 28th at 4.00 P. M. at the Hotel Gramatan, Bronxville, New York.

Miss Reynolds spoke briefly oil the Glebe House, Poughkeepsie, with the hope that in some way it might be preserved and made the suggestion which was unanimously approved that the Historical Society is heartily behind the movement to save the Glebe House and that the Trustees of the Society investigate the situation to determine the best price for which the property could be purchased, what repairs would be necessary to convert it into a library, how a volunteer citizen committee might be formed to carry on the campaign to raise the necessary funds for its purchase, and to see whether the city would be willing to take title to the property.

Miss Reynolds offered the two following resolutions which were seconded and adopted.

Resolved: That the thanks of the Dutchess County Historical Society are hereby extended to the Eagle-News of Poughkeepsie for the effort it has made to save the Glebe House at Poughkeepsie from destruction. The campaign waged by the newspaper has been conducted upon a high plane and has appealed to the best community sentiment. This Society therefore desires to assure the Eagle-News of its sincere appreciation of the service it has rendered in arousing and focusing public interest in a landmark identified with the history of the city and the county.

Resolved: That the the nks of the Dutchess County Historical Society are hereby extended to Miss Margaret DeM. Brown for the gift of a new and artistic photograph of the Glebe House which is to be filed with the collections of the Society.

The Year Book Committee reported that practically all the material for the Year Book was in the hands of the printer and that the Year Book could be expected before the end of the year.

Mr. Mylod announced that the Board of Supervisors has appointed Miss Reynolds County Historian.

The following new members, were elected: Mrs. George Arthur,.

Mrs. John Fitch, Mrs. Charles Tucker, Mrs. Harry Jackson, The Rev. and Mrs. Elsworth Snyder, Mr. Johnston L. Redmord, Mrs. Charles Kehr, Mrs. William Rip king, Mrs. Edith Seaman Brill, Mrs. Irving Berrian, Dr. end Mrs. Alexander Griswold Cummins, Miss Mary Hinkley, Rev. Alban

Richey, Jr., Mrs. Conklin, Mr. Henry Davidson, Mrs. Lula Gregory Ten Brouck, Mrs. Florence Lee Fitch, Mrs. John A. Fitch, Mrs. Agnes Teal Wey, Mr. John H. Gardner, Mrs. A. J. Caldwell, Mrs. Philip Dorland Flagler, Mrs. Robert Lincoln Parkinson, Dr. D. J. Jennings, Mrs. E. W. Beldirg, Mrs, Robert W. Fitch, Miss Clara Sayre Fitch, Mr. and Mrs. Ross Hasbrouck, Mrs. Addie Storm, Mrs. John Henry Livingston, Miss Honoria Livingston, Miss Janet Livingston, Dr. Chauncey G. Turner, Mrs_ James Roosevelt Roosevelt, Mr. J. Edmund Irving, Miss Alice Titus, Mr. David B. Sleight, Mr. John 0.

Hamlin, Miss Mary G. Goring, Mr. Clifford Nuhn, Mrs. Caroline Limeburner, Mr. and Mrs. Charles L. Cole, Mrs. George Sterling, Mrs. A. S. Hunt, Jr., Miss Jean Macaulay, Miss Florence E. Hart, Mrs. Katharine V. S. Van Wyck, Mr. Charles H. Goodsell, Mrs_ Elizabeth Curtiss Collins, Col. and Mrs. William L. Burnett, Dr. Reuben Spencer Simpson, Mrs, Reuben Spencer Simpson, Dr. Robert Simpson, Mr. Albert B. Simpson, Mrs. J. Ross Coffin, Mrs. Harrison H. Berrian, Mrs. James T. Watts, Mrs. William J. McKeown, Mr. James Edward Sague, Mr. Ernest Steenburgh, Mr. A. Chester Haen, Mr. Edward J. Nally, Mrs. Edward

16

J. Nally, M. S. V. Phillips, Mrs. S. V. Phillips.

The Society then adjourned to the Nelson House where 146 members met for luncheon.

After luncheon President Adams intro duced General John Ross Delafield, who gave a very interesting address covering the history of the northern part of our county, from the earliest settlement down to the present time. He paid the highest compliment not only to Henry Beekman and the other patentees who had acquired early title to the lands but also to the industry, frugality and honesty of the early Palatine settlers who have ever since comprised the rank and file of that section.

He was followed by the Hon. Hamilton Fish, Jr., who described the important part which New York and especially the Hudson river towns played in the American Revolution and also in the re-construction period follownig.

The Hon. Edmund Platt, Vice Governor of the Federal Reserve Board, gave a review of the American Banking System from the first National Bank down to our present system and described the workings of the Federal Reserve Bank of our day.

J. WILSON POUCHER Secretary.

TREASURER'S REPORT Semi-Annual Statement of the Assistant Treasurer of the Dutchess County Historical Society May 20, 1927

$1,127.26 1,216.60

Balance brought forward Oct. 15, 1926 Received in dues to date with interest

$2,343.86 DISBURSEMENTS Nov. 24, 1926, Postage $ 1.50 Dec. 11, 1926, A. V. Haight Co. for binding Year Book 42.00 Jan. 1, 1927, Lansing & Broas for Circulars, replypostals, envelopes 58.25 Jan. 3, 1927, F. B. Howard items for Year Book 289.17 Jan. 7, 1927, Rhinebeck Gazette for items for Year Book 241.00 Jan. 7, 1927, Ambler-Matteson Co., for filing-case and red ink .85 Jan. 11, 1927, J. W. Poucher for assistant-secretary, first half year salary; & two guest luncheon tickets 73.00 Jan. 11, 1927, first half-year's salary to Katherine B. Waterman, assistant treasurer 25.00 Jan. 12, 1927, F. B. Howard, fire-insurance on material for Year Book 2.03 Feb. 9, 1927, Dues to New York State Historical Assn., 3.00 F. B. Richards, treasurer April 18, 1927, Margaret DeM. Brown for copying old photograph May 4, 1927, Postage

3.00 2.00 740.80

Balance on hand, May 20th, 1927

$1,603.06

Permanent Account, created by Life Memberships of $25.00 $ 596.55 each May 20, 1927, Amounts with interest to Respectfully sumbitted, KATHERINE B. WATERMAN, Ass:stant Treasurer.

17

Semi Annual Statement of the Assistant-Treasurer of the Dutchess County Historical Society May 20, 1927 - October 21, 1927

RECEIPTS $1,603.06 177.00

Balance brought forward May 20, 1927 • Received in dues to date with interest

$1,780.06 DISBURSEMENTS May 20, Lansing & Broas for 540 reply-Dostals $ for May meeting June 21, to Margaret DeM. Brown, photograph for Year Book July 11, to Margaret DeM. Brown, photographs for Year Book July 14, Honorarium to assistant treasurer Aug. 17, Postals for September meeting August 18, honorarium to assistant secretary Sept. 8, honorarium to assistant treasurer Sept. 8, to Mrs. Amy VerNooy 42 hours' work on preparing index of Year Books :Sept. '9, to J. H. Fitchett, paper and card index for assistant treasurer Sept. 14, Lansing & Broas 500 reply-postals and 300 4-paged programs for pilgrimage 'Sept. 14, to Vassar Institute for spring meeting :Sept. 21, to Lansing & Broas envelopes and bill heads 'Oct. 7, to John J. Mylod refund on money advanced for pilgrimage photographs, 1926 'Oct. 11, to Mrs. Amy Ver Nooy for typewriting for Year Book 'Oct. 11, Postage for Year Book Committee 'Oct. 20, to Margaret DeM. Brown, photograph for Year Book 'Oct. 20, to Lansing & Broas 600 reply-postals

16.55 5.00 10.00 25.00 10.00 50.00 50.00 31.50 2.20 11.80 5.00 27.82 12.00 2.25 1.00 5.00 17.65 282.77

Balance on hand October 21, 1927 -PERMANENT ACCOUNT Created by life memberships of $25.00 each actober21,, 1927, amounts with interest to

$1,497.29

$596.55

Respectfully submitted KATHERINE B. WATERMAN, Assistant Treasurer

18

ANNUAL FALL PILGRIMAGE SEPTEMBER 15, 1926 Wednesday, the 15th of September, 1926, was a day of brilliant sunshine, cloudless sky and moderate temperature and all nature turned a smiling face to the pilgrims of the Dutchess County Historical Society, who will long recall with pleasure a perfect autumn day, spent in the open., amidst scenes of beauty and of interest.

Plans for the pilgrimage had been made in advance by a committee composed of Mr. John J. Mylod and MiSs Helen W. Reynolds and about fifty cars gathered at the rendezvous, carrying between 150 and 175 members and friends of the society. The long line of motors traversed the route of the pilgrimage without difficulty or confusion and afforded an interesting sight in themselves as they wound around curves in the road or were strung out in a line .on a long straight level.

The hosts and hostesses of the occasion-Mr. and Mrs. J. Adams Brown at Brick House Farm; Mr. Isaac S. Wheaton and Miss Dorothea Wheaton at Lithgow; Mr. Willson Carpenter at Smithfield Church; Mr. and Mrs. J. E. Spingarn at Troutbeck-all extended cordial hospitality to the large party of visitors and at the close of the day there was a unanimous feeling, voiced on all sides, that all four visits made had been delightful and each one of the four had been so entirely different from the other three that it was impos-

sible to draw any comparisons or make any choice between them.

To all these kindly hosts and hostesses acknowledgements are here recorded in behalf of grateful guests.

The formal program for the day and the papers read at Smithfield Church and at Troutbeck are appended below.

PILGRIMAGE ROUTE At 20 miles per hour Rendezvous Time: 10.30 A. M., daylight saving time, on Wednesday, September 15, 1926 (or Thursday, if Wednesday is stormy).

Prompt arrival is requested.

Place: About two miles east of Pleasant Valley at the residence of Mr. and Mrs. J. Adams Brown.

The leader's car will park on state road, facing east at the entrance gate. Cars will fall into line behind leader in order of arrival. Pilgrims will visit the house on foot.

Leaving rendezvous about 11.30 pilgrims will follow state road to Lithgow.

Lithgow, the residence of Mr. and Mrs. Isaac S. Whaeton, will be visited at noon (approximately 12:00 to 1:30). Cars will enter by south gate, leave by north gate and park between the two. Pilgrims will visit the house and are privileged to have luncheon on the grounds. The committee particularly requests that no papers, etc.. be left on the grass.

19

Leaving Lithgow, turn right, follow state road to Smithfield Church.

At Smithfield Church (approximately 2:00 to 2:30) Mr. Willson Carpenter, vice-president of the society, will act as host. Cars will pass around the church-building et, the right and park, facing in reverse direction for return.

Leaving Smithfield Church, follow state road to DeLaVergne Hill (scenic curve, long steep grade, drive with caution), to Amenia; thence by concrete road (toward Sharon) about 2 miles; pass school house on left and take right turn to Troutbeck.

Troutbeck, the residence of Mr. and Mrs. J. E. Spingarn, will be

visited approximately 3:00 to 4:00 P. M., and a brief programme has been arranged for the visit. At 3:30 P. M., Mr. Lewis Mumford, author of "Sticks and Stones," "The Story of Utopias," etc., will give a brief talk on "The Value of Local History"; and Mr. Charles E. Benton, author of "Troutbeck, A Dutchess County Homestead," and other works on local history, will talk briefly on the traditions of Troutbeck. The Myron Benton collection of Indian relics found at Troutbeck, now owned by Mr. Wm. L. Bosworth, and other memorials of the place, will be on exhibition.

From Troutbeck pilgrims will disperse at their own convenience.

Paper Read at Smithfield Church, September 15, 1926

by Willson Carpenter This place was originally called the City. When name was given we do not know. Records show that Abraham Bockee was appointed Colonial Justice as early as 1761 when his residence was given as Nine Partners near a place called the City. In recent years name was changed to Smithfield by the Postal Authorities to prevent confusion in handling the mails. Post Office was discontinued when free rural delivery was started. Possibly Smithfield church was so called because a man by the name of Smith gave the land on -which the church stands. The sexton's house formerly belonged to a man by the name of Brush. The end next the road was originally used as a store.

Some of the early records of this church were lost in 1815 when the house of Robert Willson burned.

First church on this site was built in 1750, the second church in 1815, and the present church in 1847.

Fortunately such capable men as Calvin Chamberlain and Barak Willson had charge of the construction of the building.

The antique furniture in the church was given by Isaac Smith.

Two miles south of Smithfield, at the Separate was formerly another church. P. H. Smith, pp. 117 in History of Dutchess County states that "Stephen Kenney settled near the Separate in 1740 and was one of the number who signed the covenant of the organization of 20

the church in the year 1787. In the course of time the society has joined with the Smithfield society.

Two miles north at the Square was the Federal Store. We have no better account of it than that

by Newton Reed in his History of Amenia p. 125 "In the latter part of the last century, a company was formed in the northwest part of the town, which seems to have been for the purpose of general trade. It was called the "Federal Company" and they conducted the Federal Store. Judge Smith wa at the head and there were about nine other associates. About 18:)3 another company was formf?d, ineluding several members of the Federal Company, and, with WI!ham Davies at the head; and freighting business at Poughkeepsie was a part of their scheme.

Previous to 1817, an associati al was incorporated, including some of the members of the former cornpanies, and they also had their headquarters at the Federal Store.

The first operation was carding wool, by horse power, but not succeeding in this, they removed to the stream near Adam's Mills, where they erected a building for the manufacture of woolen cloth, and in which they used water power for the machinery. The late Capt. Robert Willson was President of this company, and they issued a considerable amount of small bills as currency. The business of this company was not profitable, and the property was sold to Lawrence Smith, who continued the work of cloth dressing. These facts were received mostly from Capt. Samuel Hunting."

There seems to be some question date on which the Rev. George Whitefield preached under the oaks at Smithfield. In a letter dated New York July 29, 1770 he mentions the fact that he preached at Sharon, Smithfield and other places. Date on tablet here is June 19, 1770 the day after he preached in Sharon; date given on tablet in Sharon is June 18, 1770.

Newton Reed in his History of Amenia gives date on which he preached at Smithfield as June 20, 1770. Although Whitefield in his letter does not mention Amenia, Newton Reed pp. 33 states that Whitefield preached at the Red Meeting House ( 1/2 mile north of Amenia) if he did he probably preached there on the 19th and at Smithfield on the 20th.

As to the month in which he preached here, June or July 1770 -In Belcher's Biography of Whitefield the quotation from the letter of July 29th, 1770 reads as follows: "Since my last and during this month, I have been above a 500 miles circuit, and have been enabled to preach and travel through the heat every day. The congregations have been very large, attentive and affected particularly at Albany, Schenectady, Great Barrington, Norfolk, Salisbury, Sharon, Smithfield, Poughkeepsie, Fishkill, New Rumbart, New Windsor and Pecks Hill."

Philip H. Smith of Pawling in his General History of Dutchess County leaves out the words "and during this month".

If Whitefield's letter is correctly quoted in Belcher's Biography, Whitefield must have preached in

clis to the

21

Sharon, Smithfield and the other places mentioned in July.

In Newton Reed's History of Amenia, In Colonial Days and Ways by Helen Evertson Smith, and in the History of Sharon by

C. F. Sedgwick, M. A., third edition, the date is given as June.

When tablet was placed on Oak tree here, we assumed that the date on tablet in Sharon was correct.

The Value of Local History Paper Read at Troutbeck September 15, 1926

by Lewis Mumford All of us feel at bottom with Walt Whitman, that there is no sweeter meat than that which clings to our own bones. It is this conviction that gives value to loca: history: we feel that our own lives, the lives of our ancestors and neighbors, the events that have taken place in the particular locality where we have settled, are every bit as important as the lives of people who are more remote from us, no matter how numerous these others may be; or how insignificant we may seem alongside of them.

People who live in great cities are accustomed to identify themselves with the whole nation; for the Londoner, London is the British Empire; and for the New Yorker, New York is the United States A gTeat deal of our national history is written upon the assumption that nothing interesting or important has taken place in the country which did not, as it were, pass through Washington, by coming under public debate, or by being enacted into a law. If wars, political elections, and laws were all that history consisted of there would be some truth, perhaps, in 22

these habits and beliefs; but ever since Green wrote his history of the English people we have come, slowly, to see that the main subject of history is the drama of a community's life-that is, in what manner and to what purpose people have lived: what did they eat, how did they dress, at what did they work, what kind of houses had they to shelter their heads, what ideas and beliefs had they to fill their heads?

At present, it is almost impossible to write national history along these lines; for people's lives and habits differ from region to region; and we must know, a great deal more than we do about each separate region, with all its intimate characteristics and peculiarities, before we can even begin to work this up into a single picture. In providing the materials for this new kind of history the older parts of the country are in a more fortunate position than the newer ones: in New England, for example, the local historian has been busy since the early part of the nineteenth century, and as a result of the great mass of material local historical societies and local

or the Winegar House on the road to Amenia Union from Leedsville, are examples of his sturdy architecture. When the New Englander came as a separate individual into these new parts of the country, instead of coming as a member of a. municipal corporation, he neglected to bring along the Common: and the absence of the common, or its reduction to a mere strip, as at Pawling, was a serious loss to the life of the Dutchess County villages. One who knows the early history of this region does not need the frontier marker to tell him that Sharon is in Connecticut and Amenia is in New York: the layout of the villages tells the whole story.

To come a little closer home, the mingling of the Dutch, English, and Huguenot strains is witnessed in almost every stone and every bit of history connected with, Troutbeck. The Delamater Cottage reminds us of the numerous' French Protestant names that were scattered about the early colony: the Century Lodge is an excellent example of the Dutch tradition in American country architecture, while down the Leedsville Road are a pair of houses, one of them bearing the repainted date 1837, which shows the penetration of the English influence, with the formality of a Palladian window, looking down upon the tight little Dutch stoop, built with the Dutchman's steady eye to comfort and convenience, let fashion be what it may. Just as the naturalist can reconstruct a whole animal from the few bones he may find in an old gravel pit, so the historian

archaeologists have dug up, New England can boast such classic regional histories as Weeden's Economic and Social History of New England or S. E. Morrison's Maritime History of Massachusetts, or Messrs. Cousins and Riley's complete description of Salem architecture. The first two of these books are models for regional histories in the grand style; and they have the great merit of showing the immense interest and significance of local life in all its various details-details which the national historian is compelled to gloss over or neglect entirely when he is trying to treat as a single unit all the regional communities between the Atlantic and the Pacific Ocean.

Dutchess County has 'a past that is in some ways little poorer than.

New England's. In Dutchess County two different streams of civilization, the landholding and trading civilization of the Dutch, and the more firmly knit and communal civilization of the Puritans came together and mingled. Dutchess County is historically what the geographer would call an area of transition: in a small way it has been in the position of the Pa-i-z Basin, let us say, where two different traditions, the North and the South, came together. The gain and the loss that took place in this mingling and exchange show them-selves very plainly in the architecture of the surviving houses, and in the layout of the villages. The patient Dutchman, used to building in solid brick in the old country, took every opportunity to build with stone or brick in his new home: the old Church at Fishkill 23

could reconstruct a large part of the history of the whole country, with no more to guide him than the existing names, places, houses, legends, and histories that have to • do with so small a part of Dutchess County as the Amenia township.

Local history implies the history of larger communities to a much greater extent than national history implies the local community.

Every great event sweeps over the country like a wave; but it leaves its deposit behind in the life of the locality; and meanwhile that life goes on, with its own special history, its own special interests.

To follow even the life of a single family, like the Bentons, who worked over the land and the landscape of Troutbeck, is to see in a fresh and more intimate light events which are merely names and dates, not living experiences, when they are focussed at a long distance in an ordinary history book. Local history shows us the Bentons tilling the land around Troutbeck for upward a century; it shows them helping to establish a woolen mill during the years when the Napoleonic Wars and the Embargo Act cut off the English supply of woolens; it shows them helping to project the Sharon to New York Canal, as men throughout the state were projecting imaginary canals when the success of the Erie was demonstrated; the minutes of an Amenia Literary Society show a young Benton suggesting names for the streets of the future metropolis of Amenia; it shows Myron Benton listening to the distant voice of 'Whitman, and corresponding with Thoreau, 24

whose last letter was addressed to him; it shows another Benton going into the Civil War, and living to write about it in a vivid and veracious book. I am merely using Troutbeck and the Benton family as examples of a hundred other eaually interesting histories: to preserve these histories and to understand them is an important and indispensable step to understanding what was going on in the country at large.

Because local history is relatively accessible and immediate; because it deals with the concrete and the commonplace, it is what is necessary to vitalize the teaching of general history to the child at school, to say nothing of more mature students. The things that we can see and touch are those that awaken our imagination. Gibbon suddenly felt the Decline and Fall of Rome as he sat amid the ruined stones of the Forum; and nothing has ever made me, for one, feel the might of the Roman empire more keenly than stumbling across the tiles and foundations of a Roman villa in the midst of a quiet English field. Local history touches off these things that have happened on the spot; and the facts of local history become parts of a person's own life to an extent which is rare with scenes and incidents one has taken solely out of books and secondhand accounts.

To learn about the Indians who once lived in America, and not to pick out the Indian place-names on the map or to dig up the arrowheads that still remain here; to learn about the Dutch and the Puritan settlers and not to follow tLe

place names and the family names creeping up and down the Dutchess County countryside; to learn about the Revolutionary War and not be able to recognize at sight the houses that survive from that period, or to be able to locate the mines and forges which supplied the soldiers with muskets and swords and ammunition; to learn about the commercial growth of the United States after the Civil War and not to know that the first school of business was started apon in Poughkeepsie just before the conflict broke out, and was overrun with pupils by the end of itin short, to learn the abstractions of history and never to observe the concrete reality is to throw away local bread under the impr3ssion that imported stones are more nourishing.

Every old part of the country is filled with the memorials of our past: tombstones and cottages and churches, names and legends, old roads and trails and abandoned mines, as well as the things we All built and used yesterday. these memorials bring us closer to the past; and, so doing, they bring us closer to our own present; for we are living history as well as recording it; and our memories are as necessary as our anticipatioh-.

Communities seem to differ ft )in individuals in this respect, that their expectation of life grows the older they become: the more history lies in back of them, the more confident we are that more will lie in front. A good past is a guarantee of a good future: and to pre-serve the records of what came before us promotes that sense of

continuity which gives us the faith to continue our own work, with the expectation that our descendants will find it equally interesting.

Local history is a sort of benchmark to which all more generalized and specialized kinds of history must come back to, for verification, as a point of reference. The value of local history for stimulating the imagination and giving the student something concrete and accessible to work upon has been recognized in the best English school; and it is beginning to take At root in America, as well.

King's Langley and at Saffron Walden in England one group of children after another has contributed material to a little museum of local history. If nothing of this sort exists in Dutchess County, the local historical society members might well look into the possibilities of using their local material, and it remains for enterprising teachers of history to turn it to their special advantage. The point is that history begins at home, inevitably; but it does not end there.

With local history as a starting point the student is drawn into a whole host of relationships that lead him out into the world at large: the whaling ships that used to cast anchor at Poughkeepsie and other river towns will carry him to the South Seas; the discovery of the Hudson will take him back to the Crusades; once one begins to follow the threads of local history, local --nanners, local industry, local peoples, one finds that they lead in every direction. And that is the proper method. Local history is not a means of exciting false pride 25

in little things or exaggerated pretensions to local virtues that do not exist: on the contrary, it, promotes to a decent self-respect: it is that form of self-knowledge w' hich is the beginning of sound knowledge about anyone else. Just as the story of every one's life would make at least one novel, so

the story of any community's life would make at least one history.

To know that history and to take pleasure in it is the beginning of that sympathy with remote times and foreign peoples which tends to make one truly a man of the world.

Paper Read At Troutbeck, September 15,1926

by Charles E. Benton I hold in my hand a most interesting bit of Indian relic. You know that they divide the Stone Age into three periods; the Early Stone Age, in which they chipped the flint by blows; the Middle Stone Age, in which they had learned to flake off flint by pressure with bone or other hard substance, and that was the age at which the Indians here had arrived. Then came the later Stone Age, in which they had learned to grind the flaked edge to a fine sharpness. As far as I know this is the only stone implement which _has been found here having a 'ground edge. .

My grandfather came here from Guilford, Connecticut, in 1794 and the facilities for moving then were -not the same as they are at present. He loaded some of the things on a wagon, which, drawn by oxen, treked across the country for eighty 'miles. The remainder of the things, with the women and children, were loaded on a large sloop, which sailed through the Sound, Hell-Gate, New York Harbor and rup the Hudson to Poughkeepsie,

then a village of 500 inhabitants.

When the wagon was unloaded it went to Poughkeepsie and brought them across the county to the new home. This was the year before the Vassars came to Poughkeepsie.

The road from Poughkeepsie here was not the same that it is now, for the Turnpike Company straightened it in many places, and at present it is probably five or ten miles less than it was then. There were no newspapers near here then, but I think my grandfather must have been something of a newspaper fiend, for I have found clippings from newspapers published at Hudson, Poughkeepsie and Hartford, though there was no mail service established, and the publishers had to send the papers by men on horseback.

The house which stood here then was built in 1765, and it formed a part of the house to which Mr. Spingarn came. The valley had. then been settled about twentyfive years, and there were several substantial houses here, but none of them now standing, so far as I know, have the date of their build26

ing fixed, even by tradition, except the Delamater House, which has the date on the end, in dark colored brick.

The date of the settlement here was not as exact as it was in Sharon, just across the State line.

They came there in a body in 1739 and settled down, and before the year closed they held a Town Meeting, elected Town Officers, and passed "Resolutions." One of these "Resolutions" was as follows: "Resolved: That pigs having a ring in their noses are a orderly creator."

It don't so much matter what the resolutions were, nor how they spelled. The main fact was that they organized a Town. Government, and established their civilization.

But from the west the Dutch-and many other kinds of people-just drifted in from 4-Le Hudson River way, and there was no definite year in which we may say that the town was settled.

About the year 1800 there was a newspaper published at Sharon, though it perished so early that all records seem to have been lost, and neither Mr. Sedgwick, in his history of Sharon, nor Mr. Reed, in his History of Amenia, give any account of it. But my brother

Myron found some stray scraps of it at The Century Cottage while making repairs, and they give an illuminating view of one of the Jefferson political campaigns.

The old flax mill, which stood a short distance to the west of us, has housed many industries. First it was used to dress flax, a considerable industry then. Next, father concluded to run his threshing machine by the water power, a twelve foot overshot wheel, and he connected with the barn by a long rope band. Then he concluded to saw his fire wood by the same power, and in succession there was a broom-making machine, a grist mill, and a marble gang-saw. Many industries were carried on at the farm.

We were a border community in many respects, and the ground on which we are was once a part of Connecticut. But in 1731 a strip of land one and three-quarters miles in width was ceded to New York, and Troutbeck forms a part of that piece.

So, with the several races and civilizations settled in this valley we are a blend; both in race and culture. Let us hope that we have absorbed something of the best in each.

27

Annual Pilgrimage Friday, September 16, 1927 Moravian Historical Society, Bethlehem, Penn., could not be present.

He had been invited to speak on the history of the mission to the Indians, which in 1740-1744 was conducted by the Moravians on a site adjacent to Briarcliff Farms.

At the eleventh hour his place was taken by Miss Helen Wilkinson Reynolds, one of the committee that arranged the pilgrimage, who gave a brief talk on the assigned subject.

A copy of the formal program for the day is appended below and through the courtesy of Mr. Tracy Dows the Year Book contains copies of several photographs made at Hyde Park and at Briarcliff.

PRO GRAM Committee John J. Mylod, chairman; Franklin D. Roosevelt, Helen Wilkinson Reynolds.

At 10.30 a. m. (daylight) assemble at Springwood, Hyde Park, the residence of Mr. Franklin D. Roosevelt.

From 10:30 to 11:30 visits to garden and woods and inspection of memorials of United States Navy.

At 11:30 address by Mr. Roosevelt on the history of the waterlots of the Great Nine Partners Patent.

From 12:00 to 1:00 basket lunches on the lawn.

At 1:15 assembly-whistle. At 1:30 leave Hyde Park for Pine Plains. Route: state road to Red Hook (approximately15-20 miles) ;

As in the case of the pilgrimage of 1926, the Society was fortunate in having in 1927 an exceptionally beautiful autumn day on which to take its annual field-trip. A program that commanded interest and which was offered on a brilliantly sunny morning called out the largest attendance of any pilgrimage so far held, 300 being the approximate number estimated as present, as against an approximate 175 in 1926.

At Springwood, Hyde Park, in the morning the guests enjoyed the generous hospitality of Mr. and Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt. Mr. Roosevelt made an address on the history of the water-lots of the Great Nine Partners Patent in which he shared with his audience the fruits of the long study he has given this subject. His remarks could not have failed to increase in residents of the county a love for the soil and a better understanding of what the ownership of land in fee simple means for the upbuilding of a community.

In the afternoon at Briarcliff Farms, Pine Plains, the society was entertained by Mr. Oakleigh Thorne through his personal representative, Mr. W. A. MacGregor, Mr. Thorne, himself, being unavoidably absent. Refreshments were served by the Martha Society of the Presbyterian Church of Pine Plains. To the regret of the pilgrimage committee, the Rev. Dr. W. N. Schwarze, President of the 28

Courtesy of Mr. Tracy Dows

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at Red Hook turn right and take state road to Pine Plains (approximately 15-20 miles) ; at Pine Plains turn right and continue (approximately 2 miles) to Briar Cliff Farms.

At 3:30 due at Briar Cliff, Mr. Oakleigh Thorne, host.

Drivers of cars will please discharge passengers at gate of Briar Cliff and move on to park car.

Please keep in line.

Pilgrims will assemble on lawn for an address on the Moravian

Mission to the Indians, that was on a site near Briar Cliff, after which they will be the guests of Mr. Thorne at afternoon tea.

From Briar Cliff pilgrims will disperse for home at convenience.

State road from Pine Plains, through Shekomeko and Smithfield, to a junction with AmeniaMillbrook highway. Dirt road from Briar Cliff, through Bangall and Stanfordville, to Washington Hollow.

29

The Organization of A Court of Common Pleas in Dutchess County Before the disastrous fire that occurred some years ago in the capitol building at Albany the state library, which was then housed in the capitol, contained in its collection of original manuscripts a letter written by Leonard Lewis of Poughkeepsie on the 23rd of November, 1715, asking the provincial authorities to organize a court of common pleas in and for Dutchess County. In 1909 Mr. Philip H. Waddell Smith of Pittsburgh, Penn., a descendant of Leonard Lewis, had a photograph made of the letter. The letter was subsequently destroyed in the fire and Mr. Smith, who is a member of the Dutchess County Historical Society, has now furnished the Year Book with a verbatim copy of it, taken from the photograph. which copy is reproduced below.

The letter written by Leonard Lewis in 1715 is of interest not only because it supplies a record of the founding of the court of common pleas in Dutchess but for certain subordinate items that appear incidentally. In 1927 much is heard about the naturalization of foreigners in the United States but apparently the problem that exists in the Hudson valley today was present here also two centuries ago, for one of the concerns of Leonard Lewis in writing his letter was that it should be made possible to "naterlesise" the people of "furreng burt." The spelling exhibited throughout Colonel Lewis's letter would seem to be phonetic and, if so, it is permissible to infer from it that Colonel Lewis's spoken word reflected his own mixed birth. He was baptized in the Dutch church, New York City, in 1667 and his mother, Gertrude Barents, was Dutch but his father, Thomas Lewis, said to be of Welsh descent, came to New York from Belfast in northern Ireland and spoke English.

In addition to the above sidelight upon Leonard Lewis, personally, the reference to the last trip by sloop up the river in 1715 is full of suggestion. Mail was then carried on the Hudson by sailing boats, which moved without a fixed 30

schedule; hence passage ,was slow and delivery of letters infrequent. Furthermore, in 1715 navigation was closing' about the first of December and from then until the following spring no boats would touch at the mouth of the Val Ka at Poughkeepsie, where Colonel Lewis lived. For a period_ of from three to five months some sixty households which in, 1715-1716 were within the area now Dutchess County were. isolated in the wilderness and possessed of the barest necessaries in shelter, food and clothing. There were no luxuries in Dutchess in 1715. That under such conditions the, thought of at least one man in the small community turned to public affairs and to measures for the up-building of the county stamps that man as a natural leader.

Dutchess County 1715 Nov 23 Mr. Bradforth Cind Sr. I have Recevid Yours Were in You Tell mie spek Wid His Extilenty Which gevfs Me the friedim to Tru-ble you wans More Hoping I May fave the Apurtunety to, Sarve You Wen ocasion presents- My Desior is of You to, Move the governor To Send Me A Comision for to kiep a.

Coort of Common pl ( ) which wode bee very nesesarym - i This Time bee Sumting of Benefit to Me oure County And Att before The Nine Monts is Expired To Naterlesise the people of furreng burt I wish hies Extilenty will appuint Capt.

Barendt Van Kleeck & Mr. John Terbus Too Bee My Asistent Judges in the Comision And or Any other tow of the-: Justeses of the peas And Alsoo That Capt. Richard Sacket., May be Clarck of the Coert & County pray fael Not to spied_ the Matter Soo That I May have it op By This Slope which . will Bee the Laast This Yeare Then Capt. Sackett have the Apurtunety to Cum op toe Soo have Nomore to Ad Att present But Remaine Youre umble Frend And Sarvent Leonard Lewis, Pray Give My harty Sarves To hies Extilenty & Lady (In another hand) Capt. Leonard Lewis Capt. Barendt van Kleeck 31

Mr. John Terbus Richard Sackett for Clerk of the Peace 85 of N. Y. Col. Y. Vol. 60 (In State Library, Albany, N. P. MSS. Signed in Verification thereof Dec. 17, 1909. A. J. F. Van Laer, Archivist.)

Madam Bretfs Discarded Will One of the outstanding figures in southern Dutchess in the eighteenth century was a woman. "Madam" Brett, as her neighbors called her, was the daughter of Francois Rom bout and the wife of Roger Brett and she inherited her father's large holdings in land in this county. Left a widow in her early youth, the story is well known of how she bravely and capably developed her property and established for herself in doing so a reputation which won for her the title by which she still is spoken of. Madam Brett died in 1764, leaving a will, dated December 13, 1763, which was proved March 14th, 1764, and duly put into effect. The will is in print at page 304 of the Collections of the New York Historical Society for 1897 and also at page 28 of the Calendar of Wills published by the Society of Colonial Dames of the State of New York.

Prior to the will of 1763, Madam Brett had, however, made another, a fact which in March, 1927, became known under unusual circumstances. Mr. William J. Scheilds of Poughkeepsie, having chanced to purchase a desk at second hand, was emptying the desk of its contents and threw on the floor a newspaper. A jolly little puppy, frisking near by, seized upon the newspaper, dragged it, shook it, tore it but, in his antics, dislodged from its folds a document yellow with age. Fortunately Mr. Scheilds saw the puppy's treasure-trove in time to rescue it and , with a courtesy and discretion which are much appreciated, he deposited the old ,document with this society. It proved to be a will made by :Madam Brett on September 20th, 1762, which was properly 02

SIGNATURE OF

signed and witnessed but which was superseded by the will she made fifteen months later. The signature on the will that has just been found is, with the seal, reproduced herewith.

In general provisions Madam Brett's two wills are much alike. The one which has now been acquired by this society as a gift from Mr. Scheilds can be abstracted as follows: Testator :-Catharyna Brett of Rumbout Precinct, Dutch ess County, widdow, aged and infirm; To eldest son, Francis, £100; negro wench, Molly; the farm Thomas Waters lives on, adjoining his farm on the south side of the Fishkill, about 100 acres; and one-half of remainder of real and personal estate; To son, Robert Brett, and his five children (Matthew, Francis, Rombout, Sarah and Robert) the Other equal onehalf of remainder, each to have one-sixth; To two youngest grandsons, viz., Theodorus, son of Francis Brett, and Robert, son of Robert Brett, the farm on which Tima Scouten lives and that part rented to Teunis Van Vlackren, where he and Simeon Scouten live; Land to be divided into two parts: one-half for Francis; one-half for Robert and his five children Executors may sell land to meet expenses of estate and to pay legacies; Old negro, Sam, to be cared for; Wench, Cohan, to chose her own master.

Executors: Son, Francis Brett; friends, Colonel JohnBrinckerhoff, Captains Peter DuBois and Eleazer DuBois of Rumbout Precinct.

Witnesses: Elizabeth Duncan, James Duncan, Seth Cur, tis.

An Eighteenth Century Lease The land of Dutchess County was taken up for settlement under two legal forms of conveyance. One was the deed in fee simple, which conferred an absolute title. The 33

other was the lease in fee. Under the latter arrangement parcels of undeveloped land were turned over by the actual owners to incoming settlers, who paid little or no purchasemoney but who developed the property and who held possession so long as they paid an annual quit-rent of a merely nominal amount. By this method the orignial patentees retained title to the soil but secured the clearing and planting of large areas of wilderness.

Colonel Henry Beekman followed the system of the lease in fee in connection with the Beekman Patent in the central part of Dutchess. He and his heirs leased much of the land of that patent for several generations and it was not until after the Revolution or even after 1800 that Colonel Beekman's descendants began to sell off their farms and to give deeds in fee simple to purchasers.

While deeds were, as a rule, recorded in the eighteenth century, leases seldom were placed on file with the county clerk and, because of the latter fact, the Year Book for 1927 reproduces an original lease that was given in 1739 by Henry Beekman. The plate shows the form of words used, typical printing of the period and the signature of Henry Beekman. On the reverse side of the sheet one of the grantees of the lease, George Elsworth, on January 5th, 1744, assigned his rights in land, house, barn and "bargh" to Henry Livingston of Poughkeepsie in consideration of £80.

It should be noted, in the body of the lease, that the quit-rent on this property was due on "the Feast Day of the Annunciation or Lady Day being ye Twenty-fifth of March," a provision which was in accordance with an ancient custom in England, where rent is paid on Lady Day, Midsummer Day, Michaelmas and Christmas. The quit-rent charged in 1739

by Colonel Beekman on a farm of 205 acres amounted as called for in this lease to: "one Cupple of Live Fatt Hans," & one day's work yearly or, in lieu of the latter, twenty bushels of good merchantable wheat.

The original lease, here shown, is owned now by Mr. Franklin D. Roosevelt, vice-president of the Dutchess County Historical Society for the Town of Hyde Park, and has 3

been loaned by him to the society's collection in Vassar Institute, Poughkeepsie.

Old Sycamore Trees One of the illustrations in this issue of the Year Book shows three sycamore trees of great size in front of number eighty-two, Market street, Poughkeepsie. Interest has centered upon these trees in 1927 because, in the near future, the street on which they stand is to be widened and the fate of the trees hangs in the balance. Will they, shortsightedly, be cut down and the act be called "progress"? Or will an enlightened public opinion say that new construction shall be built around their bases, even at the cost of a short bit of narrow sidewalk? Lovers of landmarks and of objects possessed of associations of long standing hope that the trees may be preserved to tell to later generations a story of the early days of Poughkeepsie.

The age of the three sycamores cannot be stated definitely but there can be no question that the trees have an ancient and honorable time-record as time-measures go in the Hudson valley. The illustration gives some idea of their height. At its greatest circumference the tree farthest north measures thirteen feet, six inches the tree in the middle, ten feet, five inches and the tree farthest south, fifteen feet ten inches each measurement at about three feet above the ground.

The soil in which the trees grow was a part of the homestead farm of Jacobus Van Den Bogaerdt, the man who gave the county a site for its court house and who also gave the Dutch Reformed congregation of Poughkeepsie a lot for a church-building. There is every chance that the trees date from his time. After Jacobus Van Den Bogaerdt's ownership the land passed to John Davis, a prominent resident of Poughkeepsie who was in possession of it in 1786. The little brown house that sits so confidingly and peacefully under the big trees is understood to have been built by John Davis, 35

who in 1797 advertised his house for sale, saying that it was then "not new" but had "recently been put in good order."

Mr. Davis did not find a purchaser, however, until 1810 when he sold the house to Catharine Livingston Reade. Mrs. Reade, a daughter of Robert G. Livingston of Red Hook and the widow of John Reade of Red Hook and New York City, occupied the house as an elderly gentlewoman for twenty years. After her death her heirs sold the property to the Hulme family and later, again, a dear old lady with white curls was mistress of this home. The daughter of that second picturesque figure now owns it and fitly preserves the traditions that cluster about the small house.

Market street, where the trees and the house are found, has been so called since the early nineteenth century when a market at the junction of this road with Main street, in front of the court house, gave it its name. In the eighteenth century it was part of the King's Highway and before that the Indian trail from Manhattan Island to the upper Hudson followed this approximate course. The trees have witnessed a procession of men and events full of significance for this generation and would long continue as witnesses for the edification of succeeding generations if allowed to do so.

The Glebe House at Poughkeepsie In 1767 a house was built at Poughkeepsie for the rector of the "English Church", as Christ Church then was called in distinction from the Dutch Church. Accounts and other documents owned by Christ Church give the accurate date of the erection of the house and disclose that the work of construction was done under the supervision of Bartholomew Crannell, the leading layman of the congregation. The front and end walls were of brick, the rear of stone and the house is still standing in good order.

The first rector to occupy the Glebe House (the glebe being the farm owned by the church) was the Reverend John Beardsley, who took possession as soon as it was fin-

Photograph by Margaret DeM. Brown

SYCAMORE TREES, MARKET STREET, POUGHKEEPSIE

ished and occupied it ten years. Mr. Beardsley's departure from it in 1777 was dramatic and painful for, as he was a loyalist, he and his family were exiled to Canada. He married Gertrude Crannell, whose father Bartholomew Crannell also removed to New Brunswick.

After Mr. Beardsley went away the Glebe House was occupied in 1777-1780 by John Davis of Poughkeepsie; in 1780-1783 by Colonel Andrew Bostwick, Deputy Foragemaster-General of the Revolutionary army; and from November, 1783, to April, 1784, by Colonel Udny Hay, Purchasing Agent of army supplies of the state of New York.

Colonel Bostwick and Colonel Hay lived at Poughkeepsie because from 1778 to 1783 it was the state capital.

After peace was declared the occupants of the Glebe House were John P. Vemont, 1784-1785; Zopher Weeks, 1786-1787; and from 1787 to 1791 the Reverend Henry Van Dyck, rector of Christ Church, made it his home.

The church sold the house in 1796 to Peter DeRiemer of Poughkeepsie and the glow of romance was imparted to the former Glebe House by the love-story of Peter's daughter, Elsie, who, a young and pretty girl, evaded parental supervision by climbing out of a window to the arms of her lover, Jacobus Sleight, with whom after this colorful beginning she spent a long married life in tranquil domesticity.

The DeRiemers were followed by the Worrall family, in whose day (and before) there was a lawn before the house.

The lawn was above the level of the roadway and only in later years was the course of Main street so changed as to bring the sidewalk close to the front door. At an unrecorded date the original oblong house was extended to the rear which addition created the present long roof-line and low back wall. Early in the nineteenth century a mantel was affixed to the panelled wall of the main west room, a new hand-rail given the stairs and other interior "improvements" made. Recently the house has been the home of Mr. Conrad Gindra, who now is making changes in his whole property adjacent to the house. In fear that the days remaining to the Glebe House may not be many a picture of it is included 37

in this Year Book. It is one of the few bits of eighteenth century construction and architecture left in the city of Poughkeepsie.

Papers of the LeRoy Family In the nineteenth century a small frame house stood on the north side of Main street, Poughkeepsie, nearly opposite the head of Grand avenue. A very small house it was, with no claim to beauty, elegance or distinction. It might have been built before 1800 or at the turn of the century. The name of the builder is not known. In 1922 it was torn down to make way for improvements and, in the course of the razing, workmen found a linen bag, filled with old papers, in the wall or under the flooring of a closet. Near it was a rat's nest, made of old documents so thoroughly torn to bits that they were past recovery. In building his nest the rat had tried to pull the linen bag through a hole to make use of its contents for the nest but the bag had stuck in the hole and was found in that position. The papers in the bag had apparently belonged, originally, to the LeRoy family.

Whether the LeRoys had lived in the little house many years ago and had left the papers behind them when they left whether they lived elsewhere and some one else stored the collection in the place where it was discovered no one seems to know. Access to the papers having kindly been given to the Year Book committee by Mrs. Edward J. Coleman, of Poughkeepsie, a member of this society (whose husband bought and tore down the house), the most important items in the collection are here published as follows: (1) An assessment roll of Dutchess County for 1714. The earliest roll so far known of. Probably not the complete list of taxpayers. The names on the roll represent Rhinebeck and Poughkeepsie, with four at the end which belonged in southern Dutchess.

(2) A letter in Dutch from Henry Beekman to certain residents of Poughkeepsie who were concerned about their 38

THE GLEBE HOUSE AT POUGHKEEPSIE Built in 1767

Photograph by Margaret DeM. Brown

title to lands held under the Sanders and Harmense Patent. The letter was translated into English by Mr. A. J. F. van Laer, archivist of the state of New York.

It should be noted that in 1743 Colonel Beekman had in his possession the original Indian deed and the patent to Sanders and Harmense for the site of Poughkeepsie.

(3) Five letters received by Peter LeRoy at Poughkeepsie from his sons, Peter and Francis LeRoy, in 1782 and 1783. The sons were loyalists and went to Nova Scotia at the close of the Revolution. Peter LeRoy's wife was Deborah Freer, a sister of Colonel John Freer (cornmander of a regiment of Dutchess militia in the Revolution), to whom the letters refer.

Assessment Roll For Dutchess County SEPTEMBER 27, 1714

Assessment made this 27 Day of Sept 1714 in Dutches County by vertue of an Ackt Entitled an Acktt for Levieng the Sum of tenn Thousend pounds whereof the Cota for this County in tow Taxes amounts to £29: 3: 6 that is for May laest paest and not next followeng and (Dus amont? ) to 31/4 pr. X as hier under is Rated.

17: 71/4 £65 Jacob Kyp 4: 11/4 15 Jacob ploegh voort Lant 1: 10 7 en zyn Staet 5: 5 20 Matias Sleght 12: 1 44 Evert van Wagene 1: 41/4 5 Jacob van wagene 41/1 1 5 willem Traphagen Coll Henrick Beeckman 9: 9 36 voor zyn palentins 1: 10 7 Lourens oosterhout 13: 8 50 Henrick Beeckman Junear 1: 7 6 willem oostrander 5: 5 20 pieter palmetier 39

magiel palmetier willem Titsoor Hendrick pels pieter vielee Jan Kyp De wedue of Mynder harmen . .

Jan De graef Leonard Lewis Baltes Van Kleeck Bartholomeus Hogeboorn Jan oostrom Frans La Roy Barendt Van Kleeck harmen Ryndert Myndert Van Den Bogard . . • • •Johannes Van Kleeck Henderick van de burg Thomas Sanders Thomas Shadwick De wedue pieter Lasseng pieter Lasseng frans De Lange Gerredt Van Vliet Andries Davids Aert Masten

70 20 16 28 8 80 12 70 80 5 20 30 45

18: 11 5: 5 4: 4 7: 7 2: 2 1: 1: 8 3: 3 18: 11 1: 1: 8 1: 4 5: 5 8: 1 12: 4

24 12 75 1: 35 4 15 15 10 35 20 10

6: 3: 0: 3: 1: 4: 4: 2: 9: 5: 2:

6 3 3% 5% 1 0% 0 34/ 8 534/ 5 8

£1019i13 : 16:

6

On reverse side of foregoing assessment roll is the follow"Sent Aen Coll pister En Aen Baltes Van Kleeck En Myn (Selaret? )

£17:

9: 6: 13:

7

18:

8: 3:

7 4

£18:

12:

(Resteert noch? )

noch 2-4 6 40

0"

Letter From Colonel Henry Beekman "New York, December 29, 1743.

Messrs Frans La Roy, Peter Parmentier, Pieter Vielen and Magiel Pelts: Your letter sent by Mr. Turk has come to hand, together with the 4 inclosures, as well as the original Indian deed and patent of Robert Saunders and Mindert Harmense ; also the deed from Col. Peter Schuyler and some other writings, including a copy of the patent to Johannes Cuyler, an Indian deed and a mortgage to Arinhout Viele, each of which papers I shall carefully keep. Your request to me for assistance I can not well refuse, being obliged thereto by long friendship as well as by our duty to assist our fellow man in good conscience as far as is right and equitable. For that reason I only wish that I had more experience and ability, since the business is so confused that it takes a better head than mine to disentangle the matter and bring it to clearness.

However, I shall undertake it and spare no pains, as I do not doubt that justice will be done; in the hope that my services will redound to the benefit of the four of you.

First, it will take me some days to make a map of the whole of it, with explanations, according to the contents of the papers, in order to make the lawyer understand on what he is to ground his opinion. I mean Mr. Alexander. As soon as I receive this opinion I shall send it to you. Mr. Murray was spoken to by the 9 partners, but was still unengaged, so :that I have asked him for his services in your behalf. He is an able man, by whose advice I am to confer first with Alexander and thereafter with him. He seems to have good hopes on account of your Indian deed, as no number of acres is mentioned therein, and the patent is based thereon, if only the bounds or limits thereof can be proved by the Indians and impartial men, whom you must meanwhile try to find.

He also feels confident that your long and peaceable possession will count.

It will be best for you to say little about it to strangers, for fear that they may make evil use thereof to your dis41

advantage, but to be of good courage and to look your adversary confidently in the eye, for the old saying is, Who dares is sure to gain. I received by Turk seven pounds of your money, of which I shall keep account and which I shall spend to your service and satisfaction.

I not only hope but also trust that in my next letter I shall be able to give you greater satisfaction and courage that you will be released from the hands of your troublesome neighbors, for I shall put it up to them to prove that you are in possession of their land, without which they can recover nothing from you, and I suspect that they will not find it easy to do so. I lack information whether the Nine partners, at the division of their lands, measured off any land included in your Indian purchase and divided it among themselves.

Also, from what place on the River they began to perambulate and whether the survey of Jarton's mill, up the River, is to be sent over.

I shall leave no stone unturned to show forth your right.

I have unraveled other tangled threads and have no doubt but that I shall get the better of this ball also. You may rest assured that there will be no lack of willingness on my part.

I expect to show my master-piece in this matter, as I believe that justice is on your side and I shall expect no other reward for this than your friendship, which will be enough for me.

I could write much more but fear that you would tire of reading it. Furthermore, I wish you and all my friends and acquaintances a happy New Year and remain (with good courage) Your friend, to command, (signed) Henry Beekman.

Addressed: To Messrs Capt. Frans La Roy, Peter Vieln, Peter Parmentier and Mighil Peitz at Poghkeepsie"

42

Five Letters to Peter LeRoy of Poughkeepsie (1) Addressed on the outside Mr. Peter Laroy att Poughkeepsie Dutches Co'ty "Dr parents with pleasure we Red yours dated 17th Sept. about 1st of Jan. and were very sorry to hear of your severe & dangerous Fit of sickness. But cannot omit joining with you in returning our sincere thanks to that Divine Being who is ye giver & preserver of Our Lives.

Think not Dear parents that it is from Neglect we have not wrote for we assure you we have had no opportunity. I dare say my sister is married with your approbation therefore we wish them all the Blessings propitious Heaven (torn) We would (torn) to Keep Good Company & make the dictates (torn) Rules of our Lives, keeping always (torn) Conscience both before God and man (torn) thank god we are very well hoping these lines may find you in the happy state We with all our friends Join in sending you Our best loves your Loving & affectionate sons Peter & Francis Laroy Feb r y e 9 1782 Bushwick Long Island my son Peter is a Fine Boy I wish you could see him (2) Addressed on the outside: Mr. Peter LaRoy att Poughkeepsie pr Favour of Mr. Low New York August the 8 Day 1783 43

Loveing Father You Rite that you have Advised With your Friends and have Given Yourself A Great Deal of Trubel of Setteling With this Lyons for the Which I Never Asked from You and I Beg of You Not to Give Your Self the Lest trubel on my Account as I and My Brother Peter & John Low & many others had no hand in this Fellows abuses Nor Never Entered into his house the Case is this that the Night Before that the Company that we was in was Routted by a Percel of Minnete Men and the Night Being Dark that Our Leaders Got out of their Walk the Following Night we happened to fall in with this One Fowler & Williams which they said they was Bound to the same place as wee ware With their Compyney and to Follow their Derection and as we was in a An Enimey Contrey not knowing What Corse to Stear We Followed on till at Lenght they came to this man's House Ware they made Prisoner of him. Well the Next day About Nine or ten 0 Clock John Low and I was set down to eat this Lion came Standing by and We Asked him to Eat With us Which he did and told us that he was Very happy of being With us for he had for a Long time bin Wanting to Go Down to New York to take Protection in that Government and the Reson he Assigned to us & others at that time was this that he had bean trying to get some hard money to Go to that place But that he had Not Got More then five Dollars so I Would Not that you Nor any of my well Whisshers Never to Give Your Self any further Concern about that matter for this mans Carracter is such of his former transactions that the Almighty saw fit to Loge him in the Prevost in New York then After a few Days he was Perroled on Long Island Upon his Honer But Made that Breach of Honner A Raskelley Manner that is the Best Account I can Give of this Lion it makes Me impatient to think that you would give yourself the trubbel to Give this Fellow the Lest Satisfaction upon Our Accounts so no more at present But to Give my Best Compliments to Coll John Frear & his Family and Will take it Very Kind of him to issist You in Getting my Fammiley Abord in the Most Convenient Manner as Quick as Possibel I Still Remain 44

Yours F: Pr: LeRoy (3) Addressed on the outside: Mr. For Peter LaRoy att Poughkeepsie these pr favor of Mr Low New York August the 8 Day 1783 Most Loving Father & Mother After my Best Respect to you and all our Fammiley. I received yours dated August the 1st in the which you was pleased to call my letter dated 25th ultimo of A Low Stile in the which I never meant to be Guilty of any thing that was Low or mean But if I was Guilty of that Crime you will be pleased to corect it with the Severest Punishment and after all I ask a Thousand Pardons for that Offence You Complain of my Letter Givein you Great Concern in the which I am very sorry for but I happened to be in New York when my Brother Received your letter I expected to hear some sattisfaction from you and from my pore Familey But as it Happened to my Great Mortification there was Not the Lest Mention made & Likewise in Letters Past that had come to my hand in the same Channel in the which they might have bean Directed in the same Line and all my other Diffeculteys at the same time for the which I sopose I did not Rite in so Becoming a Stile as I Aught to have done it gave Some Satisfactoin when I received your last that you shewed some Resentment of my Misconduct if you was so pleased to call it But Nevertheless if you will forgive me for so doing it will give me the Greatest Satisfaction. I Still Remain Your Most Dutyfull Son till Death F: Pr: LeRoy Turn Over It Gives me Great Uneasiness that I could not have Bean Permitted to Once to have seen you all face to face again Which I dont Expect Now Unless it should be God's Will in 45

Whome Wee Live Move and have our Being to Once More Reconcile the Nation so as to have a free Intercorse one with the Other Now I Shall Ask all the Assistance that you can give in Gitting my Fammiley Down to New York for I am Bound to go to Nover Scotia to the Place Called Annoplus Royal if in case there is any thing Belonging to me to sell and Dispose of as well as you can to the Best Advantage or else to keep it if you think proper Possebil that might be best and send down a few Barrels of flower in Lew of it Which I shall have Occasion of in a New Contry for my Familey As for Household firniture I Shall Expect to come with the Familey this is my desire for to have it Done As quick as Possibel for we expect to Embark Very Soon About five Hundred of us Some of the Princebel Inhabitants of Long Island in the Which one Dow Ditmars is Appointed the head and the Peopel has been Pleased to Appoint me as Second in the Which I am Somewhat Lost to Serve Such a Great Class of Peopel for this Reason as my Surcomstance is Rather Low as there will be some Expence to Support that Carrecter time wount Permit at the Present for I Cant Contain as I would Willingly Let you know in a Quire of Paper My Best Wishes to all my Sisters and Brothers ez My old aged Mother I Remain Your Most Dutifull Son Francis Pr: LeRoy (4) Addressed on the outside: For Mr. Peter LeRoy att Poughkeepsie these New York Sept the 9 Day 1783 Most Loving Father & Mother After My best Respects to You all I take this Oppertunity to Let You Know that I and my Familey are all on Bord and are in Good Health and Spirits and Expect to Leave this Contry to Morrow as I am 46

now on Shore for Putting the Provisions on Bord & AmmoniEons for Annoplus Royel Dear Father I would A Bin Very Happy to Part with this Country if I had been permitted to seen You Once More But I would not have you think or Say Army Blame to Me on that Account time wount Permit to Write as I Expected to have Done So No More But Remain Your Most Dutiful in Every Respect till Death Francis Pr: LeRoy Left: N. B. Remember mee to Father & Mother Ostrums & Familey My Wife & Children Join in Accord & Give You all our Best Wishes.

(5) Addressed on the outside: Mr. To Peter Laroy att Poughkeepsie in Dutchess County These Anoplus Royal October the 4th Day 1783 Most Loving Father and Mother After my Best Compliments From me and my Wife and all Our Children these is to Acquaint you that we are all in Good Health at Present and Hoping these few Lines may Find you all in the Same and all my Enquiring Frinds On Sunday the fourteenth Of September wee Left Sandy Hook at Half After five in the afternoon the wind Being Fresh and Fair and on the Seventeenth wee past Nantucket Shoels and the Wind Shifting to the North of East So that we Made but Littel headway for tow Days then the Wind Came Round on the third in the morning so that wee Spread all sail and on the Nineteenth at Nine in the Evenning Upon our Labbord Quarter wee Spied Land & on the Twentieth in the morning wee was very Near it and proved to be our Land of Distanation at Saint Mary's Bay On the Twentieth third wee Hove Anchor at the Twoun of Annoplus this part of the Contry is Somewhat Roof Along the River & Stoney But Abounds Much in Grass Both Salt and Fresh and Appels and all Sorts of Ruts plenty 47

No Great of Wheat I have Got My Family into A House About a Mile out of the town for this winter part of Our Lands wee have Drawn for Every Man Belonging to our Class tow Hundred Acres Upon the River Sissebow the Land I Have Not Yet Seen But Expect to se it within a weeks time the Account wee have of that Land is Good and Called the Best in the Province and the rest of our Lands is Not Determed Wether wee Shall Draw it their or Up to Cornwallis up the River Annoplus I Hope to be more pertickler in my Next for I have Had no Oppertunity of Seeing the Country for I have been Cheifly Employed in Getting my Famely Ashore and the Rest of the Company of the Wich wee had three Hundred and Od Souls on Bord Besides the Ships Crew and all Erived Save and Well Not one Sick on Bord But Landed Save Capt Ditmars had a Daughter Born on the passage both the Child and Mother Did Well Wee have had no Frost here yet every thing looks as fresh as in Midsummer So no more at Present But Still Remain Your Most Dutiful' Son Francis Pr: LeRoy N. B. Give my Compliments to Uncel John Freear and to his Familey time wount Permit at the Present to Rite any more But I Hope Soon to Give you all a Better Account of the Sittuation and Manner of the Contry the Peopel Here Received us Very Cheerfully and paid us the Best Respects So I Remain Your Chozin F. P. LeRoy

48

Records of the German Church Formerly At Pinks Corner Contributed by J. W. Poucher, M. D. About 1716 a church building was erected some two miles north of the present village of Rhinebeck at a point since known as Pinks Corners. It was probably the first church-building in Dutchess County, ante-dating that of the Dutch Reformed congregation at Poughkeepsie by about seven years. The congregation was made up of German Lutherans and German Calvinists whose early homes had been in the Palatinate on the upper Rhine. The Lutherans and Calvinists remained together until 1729 when the Lutherans withdrew to organize and build by themselves. The Calvinists retained the church property. About 1800 the church-building at Pinks Corners was abandoned and the congregation built a new one at Red Hook village, four miles north from the first. The Reverend Valentin R. Fuchs (Fox), mentioned in the records below, was pastor from 1802 to 1823. At Pinks Corners nothing now remains to mark the site of the church that once stood there but a few gravestones. The following records, however, translated into English from the original German contain data about the members of the former congregation which will be of use and interest to descendants of the families concerned.

Accounts of the Alms Committee 1743

Feb. 28 Johannes Kreisler borrowed Alms money from the Alms Committee X 1.

1744-5 Jan. 13 Conrad Berringer received from Philip Launart three shillings X .

Same date from Jacob Maul for wine X . on same date for baptism of children X . total

s 6. p0 s 3. p0 s 2. p0 s 8. p1

X 1. s13. p1 49

1745

Aug. 13 the Alms Committee Heinrich Ditter, Henerich Bender and Nicklas Schafer has given account of I 7. s 7. p11. fl moneys used the sum of which money was in the care of Hennerich Bender.

Oct. 26 the Alms Committee Hennerich Bender, Seimen Coll Jung has given an account of money used I 8. s12. p21/2, which Seimen Coll Jung had in his care 1746 Sept. 1 Jacob Berringer received from Johan Kreisler Alms money I 3. s14. p5 Seimen Committee May 2 the Alms 1747 Coll Jung, Jacob Berringer and Heinrich Berringer has given an account of £15. s18. p3. fl money used Jacob Berringer, treasurer.

1747-8 Jam 16 the Alms Committee Jacob Berringer, Jacob Drom, Johannes Richter and Johannes Weber gave accounting to the Church Board to the sum of £17. s 7. p3. f3 Received from Johannes Kuhler 1 Total

1748

£18. s 7. p3.

Jacob Drom treasurer.

May 30 the Alms Committee Jacob Drom, Johannes Richter and Johannes Weber gave accounting to the Church Board and have in the Church Treasury the sum of £23. s17. p6. f1 Dec. 26th the Alms Committee Johannes Richter and Johannes Weber gave an accounting and placed in the Church Treasury 8. s 4. p7 50

1749

Apr. 6 Simon Wilhelm borrowed Alms money from Alms Committee Johannes Weber, Johannes Richter and JohanX 2. s14. p0 nes Simon at 5 % per hundred Interest (Interest XL 0. s 2. p1 for one year is Apr. 6 Johannes Kreisler Paid interX 0. s 1. p3 est to date Interest for one year is Apr. 15 the Alms Committee Johannes Richter and Johannes Weber gave an accounting to the Church Trustees and placed in the Alms box the sum of £12. s15.

Apr. 15 Johannes Reisdorf pays the Interest on the Alms Money he had borrowed. He still owes X 1. s 7. p0 The Interest for one year is

X 0. s 1. p4

May 15 Johannes Richter and Johannes Simon loaned with consent of the Trustees Alms money to Heinrich Krautz. The Sum of two pounds and 10 schillings.

X 2. s10. p0 Makes interest for one year X 0. s 2. p6 Paid Nov. 5 - 1754.

Aug. 7 The Alms Committee Johannes Richter, Johannes Weber and Johannes Simon loaned alms money to Andonius Bautzer the sum of 3 pounds in New York money at 5% Interest per hundred X 3. s 0. p0 Makes interest for one year s 3.

Oct. 21 The Alms Committee Johannes Weber and Johannes Richter and Johannes Simon gave an accounting to •the Church Trustees Michael Polver, Friederich Berringer and Heinrich Meyer and placed in the alms box £13. s 2. p91/2 51

1750

Apr. 13 The Alms Committee Lorenz Reisdorf and Johannes Simon and Heinrich Weitman loaned Alms money to Johannes Richter. The sum of four per pounds New York money at 5 g 4. s 0. p0 hundred Interest g 0. s 4. p0 Makes Interest for one year Aug. 25 The Alms Committee Lorenz Reisdorf and Heinrich Weitmann gave an accounting to the Church Trustees £12. s 5. p7 and placed in the Alms Treasury

1751

May 11 Andonius Bautzer paid 6 schillings for 2 years interest for the above mentioned 3 pounds to the 7 August g

0. s 6. p0

Nov. 23 The Alms Committe gave an accounting to the Church Trustees and placed in the Alms Box g 1. s 8. p8 The same date there was also found and placed with the above sum g 0. s13. p5 Total 1753

g 2. s 2. p1

Jan. 27 The Alms Committee Heinrich Weitman and Jacob Lancks and the others gave an accounting of the alms money to date and placed in the Alms Treasury the sum of g 8. s 5. p1 Sept. 9 Wilim Weber borrowed 16 schillings Alms money g 0. s16. p0

1754

Apr. 6 Simon Wilhelm paid the interest in full up to date Apr. 12 Andonius Bautzer paid the interest for 3 years the sum of g 0. s 9. p0 Apr. 12 The Alms Committee Conrad Engel and Jacob Lancks and Wilhelm 52

Weber gave an accounting of the Alms money to Church Trustees to date and £10. s18. p6 placed in the Alms Treasury Apr. 16 the Alms Committee received from Hannes Nickel 2 pounds principal and 21 schillings interest together I 3. s 1. p0 Nov. 5 Wilhelm Weber paid his interest Nov. 11 The Alms Committee Conrad Engel and Wilhelm Weber and Phillip Henrich Moor gave an accounting to the Church Trustees and placed in I 7. s 0. p0 the Alms Treasury 1755

Feb. 22 The Alms Committee Conrad Engel and Wilhelm Weber and Phillip Heinrich Moor gave an accounting to the Church Trustees and placed in the X 7. s17. p5 Church Treasury Apr. 6 Phillip Heinrich Moor loaned with consent of the Church Trustees to Jacob Heinrich 40 Schillings. He promises to pay in two months I 2 s 0. p0 May 30 Dan Becker received from Friedrich Beringer Alms money from the Rhinebeck Reformed Church the sum of three pounds and ten schillings New York money. I promise to pay same with Interest in six months. To this I obligate myself and my heirs in the presence of these witnesses E. Roland Zacharias Schmith Witness my signature Heinrich Beringer

1756

Jan. 5 The Alms Committee Phillip Heinrich Moor and Jacob HeinrichWilhelm Waldorf gave an accounting 53

3. s10. p0

to the minister and the Trustees and placed in the Alms Treasury the sum X 5. s14. p10 of That this account of the above date is correct and has been given to all the Trustees is hereby witnessed by the local Pastor of the Consistory Rhinebeck Jan. 5, 1756 Johann Casper Ruebel.

Jan. 5 The Alms Committee received from Conrad Engel interest eight schillings which was not in the account.

Apr. 25 H. Kreisler paid Interest

s 9.

Apr. 25 The Alms Committee Philip Henrich Moor and Willim Waldorf and Jacob Heinrich gave an accounting to Trustees of Church Board and there was in the Church Treasury in silver and pence and half pence total £10. s 2. p9 Johann Casp. Rubel V.D.M. in Rhinebeck X 4. s 8.

Sept. 1 Received of Peter Klein Nov. 10 In the name of our Christian Consistory I affirm that Stoffel Schneider to day 10 Nov. 1756 through his wife gave the sum of 5 pounds for the use of the local poor and we pray that the great God bless this benefactor by temperal and eternal blessings.

5. s 0. p0 Joh. Casp. Rubel V.D.M. in Rhinebeck Nov. 10 The Alms Committee Wilhelm Waldorf and Wilhelm Bezer and Jacob Heinrich have made an accounting to the pastor and Church Board and have 54

in the poor box in paper silver and cop£14. s 4. p0 per moneys It is also to be 'noted that the five pounds from Stoffel Schneider is to be added to the fourteen pounds and four shillings and also the four pounds and eight shillings from Peter Klein 1757

Apr. 25 The Alms Committee Wilhelm Waldorf, Wilhelm Bezer and Jacob Heinrich have made an accounting to pastor and Church Board and have placed in the poor box in paper silver £10. s13. p0 and copper the sum of Joh Casp. Rubel V.D.M. Reinbeck Oct. 1 Johannes Peter Klein borrowed from the Alms Committee Cornelius Mueller and Cornelius Feinhaut and Wilhelm Bitzer Alms money five pounds New York money with 5 % interest per hundred. I promise to pay it May 2 - 1759 g 5. s 0. p0 Nov. 6 Jacob Heinrich pays the interest of above 2 pounds in full until the 6 April, 1758.

Nov. 16 The Alms Committee Wilm Bitzer, Cornelius Muller have made an accounting to the preacher and Church board and have placed in the treasury in money the sum of X 6. s 4. p2 Joh Casp Rubel V D M Reinbeck

1758

April 24 Because certain conditions in his affairs the interest to date has been donated by the Consistory to Johannes Reisdorf 55

Apr. 24 The Alms Committee Willm Bitzer, Cornelius Muller and Cornelius Feinhaut have made an accounting to our pastor and the Church board and have placed in the Treasury the sum of I 2. s11. p0 Joh. Casp. Rubel V.D.M. Reinbeck June 4 Received from Jacob Cool two pounds which had been loaned to him I 2. s 0. p0 and for which we held his note Dec. 4 The Alms Committee Cornelius Muller Cornelius Feinhaut and Johannes Cool gave an accounting to the preacher and Church board and there was placed in the poor box money in silver, copper and half copper all together X 9. s 2. p12 Joh Casp. Rubel Preacher Dec. 4 Johannes Peter Klein pays the interest for one year-5 schillings X 0. s 5. p0 It is paid.

1759

July 22 Jacob Heinrich paid his Alms money with Interest Oct. 8 The Alms Committee Cornelius Muller, Cornelius Fainhaut and Joh Kohl, gave an accounting to the Preacher and Church board and placed in the poor box silver copper and half copper money X 4. s 1. p0 Joh Casp Rubel Preacher

1760

June 5 The Alms Committee Johannes Kooll and Johannes Scherb, made an accounting to the Church board and 56

placed in the treasury silver, copper and half copper money £38 s 1. 2 coper Michel Kiefer Jacob Maul

1761

Oct. 26 Andreas Drumhover paid his loan 18 pounds New York money. He still owes 18 shillings interest.

May 15 The Alms Committee Johannes Scharf and Wiehlm Bitzer made an accounting to the Church board and placed in the Treasury in gold, silver, copper and half copper £60. s18. p0.2 Johannes Staat Willem Citzer

1762

June 5 The Alms Committee Johannes Scharf made accounting to the church board and placed in the treasury gold paper, silver, copper and half copper money £37. s12. p0 Willem Citzer Zacharias Schmitt Heinrich Bender.

Nov. 15 Acknowledge to have received from the Trustees of the Rhinebeck Reformed Church Alms money, the sum of 8 pounds New York money. I promise to pay with Interest. To this I obligate myself and my heirs in the presence of these witnesses his David D. F. Furer mark

1763

Feb. 17 The Church Board have in the 1 0. s 6. p6 Church box from Johan Mann

1764

June 9 I acknowledge to have received from Trustees of the Rhinebeck Re57

formed Church Alms money the sum / 3. s 0. p0 of 3 pounds New York money I promise to pay with Interest myself and my heirs in these witnesses Hannes Klein.

Johann George Sept. 3 I the undersigned acknowledge to have received Alms money from the Reformed Church in Rhinebeck, the sum of seven pounds New York moneyand promise to pay interest and obligate myself and my heirs in the presence of the witnesses.* g 7. s 0. p0, Johannes Klein David Fierer.

Sept. 3 I acknowledge to have received from David Fiero and Johannes Klein Alms money from the Rheinbeck Reformed Church the sum of seven pounds New York money which I promise to pay back with interest and I hereby obligate myself and my heirs in the presence of these witnesses 1 7. s 0. p0\ George Schreyder Wilhelm Weber.

1765

David Fierer pays the sum of

g 6. s10. p0

June 17 The Alms Committee David Fuhrer and Johannes Klein made an accounting to the church board after everything was paid placed in the church box £22. s19. p4 Gerhard Daniel Cock VDM 1766

Sept. 6 The Alms Committee Johannes Schmitt and Johannes Georg Streit made an accounting to the Hon Church board and there remained after all debts were paid £12. s 0. p6.1/2 copper.

58

Gerhard Daniel Cock V D M 1767

June 29 The Alms Committee Johannes Schmitt and Georg Streit made an accounting to the Hon Church board and there remained after all debts £10. s 9. p9 were paid Gerhard Daniel Cock Pastor Loci

1768

Sept. 26 The Alms Committee Phillip Staat and Jacob Vooland made accounting to the Church board and there remained after all debts were X 5. s14. paid Gerhard Daniel Cock Pastor Loci

1769

May 25 Simon Wilhelm paid on account X 1. s17. p6 June 16 Johannes Sickel still on Interest in all to above date X 3.

Paid of the above £3 the sum of X 1. s 0. p0 Leave a balance to be paid

X 2. s 0. p0

*Unsigned.

June 19 The Alms Committee Phillip Staats and Jacob Vooland made an accounting and after all bills are paid X 3. s. 6. p0 there is remaining in the treasury Gerhard Daniel Cock Pastor Loci 1770

X 6. s10. p0 Apr. 7 Johannes Klein Ludwig 22 The Oct. Alms Committee Streit and Jacob Vooland made an accounting and after all is paid there £11. s12. p6 remains in the treasury Gerhardt Daniel Cock Pastor Loci 59

Nov. 26 I the undersigned acknowledge to have received from Ludwig Streit and Wilhelm Beckker Alms Committee of the Reformed Church, X 6. s10. p0 Rhinebeck, the sum of I obligate myself and my heirs to pay in presence of these witnesses Johannes Klein Wilhelm Heinrich Bender 1771

Johannes Klein pays the interest of one year in 1771

s 6. p6

June 25 The Alms Committee Ludwig Streit and Wilhelmus Beckker have made an accounting and after all accounts are paid there remains in the treasury £21. s 6. p3 Gerhardt Daniel Cock Pastor Loci Nov. 6 Johannes Klein pays interest 1772

X 5. s 0. p0 s 6. p6

Fbr. 9 The Alms Committee Wilhelmus Becker and Phillip Munck have made an accounting and after paying all debts there is left in the box £18. s 6. p6 Gerhard Daniel Cock Pastor Loci The notes to be found in the Church box £33. s7. p6—except the note of Joh. Klein.

Dec. 9 Johannes Klein borrowed £10. s 0. p0 N.B. These 10X have been included with the other notes up to date

1773

Aug. 16 The Alms Committee Phillip Munch and Petrus Fuhrer have made 60

an accounting and after payment of X 8. s11. p1 debts there remains in the box Gerhard Daniel Cock Pastor Loci Amount of notes remaining £32. s7.

1774

Oct. 1 The Alms Committee Stoffel Schneider and Petrus Fuhrer have made an accounting to the Church board. After payment of all debts there remains £12. s13. p7 Gerhard Daniel Cock V.D.M.O.

1775

July 7 The Alms Committee Stoffel Schneider made accounting to Phillip Moor and Johannes Rauh and had remaining after paying indebtedness £13. s 1. p0 Gerhard Daniel Cock VDMO July 25 Johannes Klein paid on account X 3. s 5. p0 Leave balance of X 3. s 5. p0

1776

Nov. 30 The Alms Committee Franz Hendricksen and Lorantz Hendricksen made an accounting to Welhelmus Shmit and Antony Straat and had remaining after paying debts £23. s19. pif Gerhard Daniel Cock VDMO

1777

Feb. 10 The Alms Committee Phillip Mohr and Johan Rauh made accounting to Henrich Weydman Junior and Abrah Tidter and there is remaining £25. s 5. p7 after paying indebtedness Gerhard Daniel Cock VDMO 61

1779

Jan. 2 The Alms Committee Wilhelmus Schmit and Anthon Straat made accounting to Joh. Mohr and there is £29. s 7. p1 remaining after payment of bills Gerhard Daniel Cock

1780

Feb. 27 The Alms Committee Petrus Rich and Joh Mohr made accounting to Joh. Felton Bender and Christian Mohr and there is remaining after payI 3. s 2. p6 ment of debts Dan Cock Geh.

1782

Feb. 18 The Alms Committee Joh Felton Bender and Christian Mohr to Heinrich Eiselbrach and David Marden there is remaining after payment of bills I 4. s 4. p0 Gerh. Dan Cock

1783

Fbr. 17 The Alms Committee Henrich Bender and Jacob Weydman gave accounting to Petrus Berringer and Johannes Muller. After Paying debts there is remaining X 4. s 4. p0

Records of Salary Payments ,

I the undersigned acknowledge that the Trustees of of Rheinbeck Church paid the Salary from 1763-20 November to 1771 the 20 May - every year with £50 New York Money Rheinbeck 25 June 1771 Gerhard Daniel Cock V.D.M. I the undersigned acknowledge that the Trustees of Rheinbeck Church paid the second half of the annual Salary from the 20th May 1771 to 20th Nov. 1771 £25 New York Money.

62

Rheinbeck 26 Nov. 1771 Gerhard Daniel Cock V.D.M. I the undersigned acknowledge that the Trustees of Rheinbeck Church paid the first half of the annual Salary from 20 Nov 1771 to 20 May 1772 £.30 New York Money Rheinbeck 28 May 1772 Gerhard Daniel Cock V.D.M.O. I the undersigned acknowledge that the Trustees of Rheinbeck Church paid the second half of the annual Salary from 20 May 1772 to 20 Nov. 1772 £.30 New York Money.

Rheinbeck 6 December 1772 Gerhard Daniel Cock V.D.M.O. I the undersigned acknowledge that the Trustees of Rheinbeck Church paid the first half of the annual Salary from the 20 Nov. 1772 to 20 May 1773 £.30 New York Money Rheinbeck 23 May 1773 Gerhard D. Cock Local Pastor I the undersigned acknowledge that the Trustees of Rheinbeck Church paid the second half of the annual Salary from 20 May 1773 to 20 Nov. 1773 £.30 New York Money Rheinbeck 22 Nov 1773 Gerhard Daniel Cock Local Pastor I the undersigned acknowledge that the Trustees of Rheinbeck Church paid the first half of the annual Salary from 20 Nov 1773 to 20 May 1774 £.30 New York Money Rheinbeck 6 June 1774 Gerhard Daniel Cock Local Pastor • I the undersigned acknowledge that the Trustees of Rheinbeck Church paid the second half of the annual Salary 63

from 20 May 1774 to 20 Nov 1774 £.30 New York Money Rheinbeck 21 Dec. 1774 Gerhard Daniel Cock Local Pastor acknowledge that the Trustees of undersigned I the the first paid half of the annual Salary Rheinbeck Church from 20 Nov 1774 to 20 May 1775 £.30 New York Money • Rheinbeck 29 May 1775 Gerhard Daniel Cock Local Pastor I the undersigned acknowledge that the Trustees of Rheinbeck Church paid the second half of the annual Salary from 20 May 1775 to 20 Nov. 1775 £.30 New York Money Rheinbeck 13 Dec. 1775 Gerhard Daniel Cock I the undersigned acknowledge that the Trustees of Rheinbeck Church paid the first half of the annual Salary (no date). £.30 New York Money Rheinbeck 27 May 1776 Gerhard Dan Cock I the undersigned acknowledge that the Trustees of Rheinbeck Church paid the second half of the annual Salary from 20 May 1776 to 20 Nov 1776 £.30 New York Money Rheinbeck 25 Dec. 1776 Gerhard Daniel Cock V.D.M.O. 1777 - 23 June I the undersigned acknowledge that the Trustees of Rheinbeck Church paid the first half of the annual Salary from 20 Nov 1776 to May 20 1777 £.30 New York Money Rheinbeck 23 June 1777 Gerhard Daniel Cock I the undersigned acknowledge that the Trustees of Rheinbeck Church paid the second half of the annual Salary from 20 May 1777 to 20 Nov 1777 £.30 New York Money Rheinbeck 7 Dec. 1777 64

Gerhard Daniel Cock V.D.M.O. I the undersigned acknowledge that the Trustees of Rheinbeck Church paid the first half of the annual Salary X30 New York Money Rheinbeck 8 June 1778 Gerh. Dan. Cock I the undersigned acknowledge that the Trustees of Rheinbeck Church paid the second half of the annual Salary £.30 New York Money Rheinbeck 20 Dec. 1778 Gerhard Dan Cock I the undersigned acknowledge that the Trustees of the Rheinbeck Church paid the annual Salary from the 20 Nov. 1778 to 20 Nov. 1779 £.60 New York Money 27 Nov. 1779 Gerh. Dan. Cock I the undersigned acknowledge that the Trustees of Rheinbeck Church paid the second half of the annual Salary from 20 Nov 1779 to 20 May 1780 £.30 New York Money Rheinbeck 12 June 1780 Gerh. Dan. Cock 1781 Dec. 26 The elders and Trustees paid on Salary £35. s1. p7 X 5. s15. p10 There remains to be paid X 1. s12. p 6 X 4. s 3. p 6 I the undersigned acknowledge that the Trustees of the Rheinbeck Church paid the full annual salary up to 20 Nov. 1782.

Rheinbeck 18 April 1783 Gerh. Dan. Cock 1783 Dec. 17 The Trustees paid for salary Remains due on the Fall Salary 65

£24. s 2. p0 X 5. s18. p0

Remainder due from June' Due in all

4. s12. p18, £10. si 0. p 8 X 4. s.11. p 6

1784 June 13 The Trustees paid on the X 5. s19. p 2 Spring Salary £28 2. s 0. p 2 X 0. s10. p 0 X 7. s 9. p 2

Remains due Dec. 29 The Trustees paid on the Fall Salary £24. s12. p0 Remains old debt and new debt 1785 March 27 Money received

X 5. s 8. p £12. s17. n 2 X 5. s 5 p 5 X 7. sll. p 9 X 2. s16. p 8 £10. s 8. p 5

June '20 The Trustees paid on Salary £27. s3. p4-remains old and new X 4. s 2. p 2 debt X 6. s 6. p 3 Dec. 21 The Trustees paid the Salary remains due

X 1. s16. p 3 X 5. s10. p 3

1786 June 19 The Trustees paid on Salary and remains due X 5. s10. p 3 1787 June 4 The Trustees paid on Salary and remains due X 2. s15. p 8 X 8. s 5. p11 (36

1788 Jan. 14 The Trustees paid on Salary and remains due X 5. s 7. p 2 X 3. s18. p 9 Mar. 12 The Trustees paid on Salary and remains due X 4. s15. p 0 X 8. s13. p 9 X 0. s 9. p10 X 9. s 3. p 8 X 2. s17. p 9 £12. s 1. p 5 X 3. s 2. p 9 1789 June 8 The Trustees paid on Salary £27. s2. p3 Still due Dec. 28 P. Firlich paid

X 8. s18. p 8 X 0. s 6. p 8 X 8. s 6. p 8

1790 Jan 18 The Trustees paid on the Fall Salary 24.4.7 £14. s 2. p 1 Remains due of old and new debt X 3. s13. p 0 1790 Feb. 27 The Trustees paid the Autumn Salary £25. s 0. p 0 £15. s 9. p 5 The remaining debt is June 1 Paid in all 33-13-0 £10. s 9. p 1 Remains due 1791 13 June The Trustees have paid the Salary £38. sO. p3 X 7. s 8. p10 The remaining debt is 67

I the undersigned acknowledge to the Trustees and Church Board of the Church in Rheinbeck, the receipt of my salary for the whole year, from the 8th of Aug. 1794 to 8th Aug. 1795 £40. also for the quarter 8 Aug 1795 to 8 Nov. 1795 £12. s10. p0 Joh D. Schafer Rheinbeck Aug 31 Reformed Church German High 1795 I the undersigned acknowledge to the Trustees and Church Board of the Church in Rheinbeck, the receipt of my half yearly Salary £25 from 8 November 1795 to 8 May 1796 Johann D. Schafer Rheinbeck 23 May 1796 V. D. M. I the undersigned acknowledge to the Trustees and Church Board of the Church in Rheinbeck, the receipt of my half years Salary 25P. from 8 May to the 8 November Rheinbeck 3 December J Daniel Schafer 1796 VD M 1797 9 Dec. I have received my half yearly Salary from 8 May to 8 November 1797 25X New York Money Joh. Daniel Schafer V D M. I the undersigned acknowledge to the Trustees and Church Board of the Church in Rheinbeck, the receipt of my half years Salary namely 25 pfound from Nov 8 1797 to May 8 1798 Rheinbeck 24 May Joh. Daniel Schafer 1798 V D M I the undersigned acknowledge to the Trustees and Church Board of the Church in Rheinbeck, the receipt of my "Salary 18P. s1. p11 from 8 May 1798 - 8 Nov 1798 Rheinbeck 12 November 1798 Joh Dan Schafer •June 1 1799 Received my half years Salary from Nov 8 1798 to May 8 1799 15 pounds New York money Joh. Daniel Schafer VDM 68

Nov. 18 1799 Received my half years Salary 22 pounds from 8th May 1799 to 8th November 1799 Joh. Daniel Schafer V. D. M. Nov. 18 1799 Received my last half years Salary in full £25 Joh. Daniel Schafer VDM 1799 18 November The last money for Domini Schafer from the Trustees £7 in full paid by me Wilhelm Dittman To May 28 1799 This is to sllow that I have received from the Rheinbeck Trustees my half yearly Salary of fifty Thaler signed Witness my hand Valentin Rudiger Fox. Rheinbeck March 28 1803 That the Trustees in Rheinbeck have paid my half yearly Salary from March 30 to Sept 30 1803 amounting to 20 pounds Witness my signature Valentin Rudiger Fox Rheinbeck Oct 3 1803 That the Trustees of Rheinbeck have paid my half yearly Salary to March 30 1804 besides the two following Sundays amounting to fifty schillings according to agreement of the Trustees is hereby certified.

Valentin Rudiger Fox Rheinbeck May 21st 1804 Rheinbeck Apr 22 1805 That the Trustees at Rheinbeck have paid my Salary from March 30 1804 to March 30 1805 amounting to 45 pounds Valentin Rudiger Fuchs Witness my signature Rheinbeck Oct 8 1805 Received from the Trustees Salary from March 30 to Sept. 30 1805 22 pounds 10 schillings.

Valentin Rudiger Fuchs 69

Rhinebeck Apr 7 1806 Received from the Trustees in Rhinebeck Salary from Sept 30 1805 to March 30 1806 £22. 10Sch. Valentin Rudiger Fuchs Rhinebeck Sept 27 Received from the Trustees in Rhinebeck Salary from March 30 to Sept 3 1806 £22. 10Sch. Valentin Rudiger Fuchs Rhinebeck March 30 1807 Received from the Trustees in Rhinebeck Salary from Sept. 30 1806 to March 30 1807 £22. 10 Schillings Valentin Rudiger Fuchs Rhinebeck Oct 10 1807 Received from the Trustees in Rhinebetk Salary from March 30 1807 to Sept 30 1807 £22. 10 Schillings Valentin Rudiger Fuchs Rhinebeck April1st 1808 Received from the trustees in Rhinebeck Salary from Sept 30 1807 to March 30 1808 £22. 10 Schillings Valentin Rudiger Fuchs Rhinebeck Oct 7 1808 Received from the Trustees in Rhinebeck Salary from March 30 1808 to Sept 30 1808 £22. 10 Schillings Valentin Rudiger Fuchs Rhinebeck May 20 1809 Received from the trustees in Rhinebeck Salary from Sept 30 1808 to March 30 1809 £22.10 Schillings Valentin Rudiger Fuchs 56D.2Sch. Rhinebeck Oct 14 1809 Received from the Trustees in Rhinebeck Salary from March 30 1809 to Sept 30 1809 clE22.10Sch-56D.2Sch. Valentin Rudiger Fuchs Past Loci Rhinebeck April 20 1810 Received from the trustees in Rhinebeck, Salary from 30 Sept 1809 to March 30 1810 70

Valentin Rudiger Fuchs .£22.10 Schillings P. L. (56D.2Sch. Rhinebeck Oct 6 1810 Received from the Trustees in Rhinebeck Salary from the 30th of March 1810 to 30 Sept 1810 £22.10Schillings (56Doliars 2 Schillings Valentin R. u:Ifis Rhinebeck April 13 1811 Received from the Trustees in Rhinebeck Salary from Sept 30 1810 to March 30 1811 £22.10Schillings (56Doliars 2 Schillings Valentin R. Fuch • Rhinebeck 19 October. 1811 Received from the trustees in Rhinebeck Salary from 30 March to 30 September 1811 £22. 10 Schillnigs (56do11.2Sch Valentin Rudiger Fuchs Rhinebeck 16 May 1812 Received from the Trustees in Rhinebeck Salary from 30 Sept 1811 to 30 March 1812 £22. 10 Schillings (56D.2Sch. Valentin Rudiger Fuchs Rhinebeck 10 October 1812 Received from the Trustees in Rhinebeck Salary from 30 March to 30 Sept 1812 £22.10 Schillings (56D.2S Valentin Rudiger Fuchs Red Hook 8 May 1813 Received from the trustees in Red Hook Salary from Sept 30 1812 to 30 March 1813 Valentin Rudiger Fuchs £22.10Schillings (56D.2S Red Hook Oct 23 1813 Received from the trustees 30 March 1813 to 30 September £22.10Schillings (56D.2S Red Hook 30 April 1814 Received from the trustees 71

in Red Hook Salary from 1813 Valentin Rudiger Fuchs in Red Hook Salary from

Sept 30 1813 to March 30 1814 Valentin Rudiger Fuchs £22.10Schillings (56D.25 Red Hook 15 October 1814 Received from the trustees in Red Hook Salary from 30 March 1814 to 30 September 1814 Valentin R Fuchs £22.10Schillings (56D 2Sch) Red Hook Apr 1 1815 Received from the trustees in Red Hook Salary from 30 Sept 1814 to 30 March 1815 Valentin Rudiger Fuchs £22.10Schillings (56D.25 Red Hook Apr 13 1816 Received from the trustees in Red Hook Salary from 30 Sept 1815 to 30 March 1816 Valentin Rudiger Fuchs £22.10Schillings (56D.25 Red Hook Oct 19 1816 Received from the trustees in Red Hook Salary from March 30 to Sept 30 1816 £22.10Schillings (56D.2Sch Valentin Rudiger Fuchs Redhook 26 April 1817 Received from the Trustees in Redhook Salary from 30 Sept 1816 to 30 March 1817 £22. 10 schillings (56D.2sh Val - R Fuchs Redhook 11 October 1817 Received from the Trustees in Redhook Salary from 30 March 1817 to 30 Sept 1817 £22.10 Schillings (56D 2 Sch. Valentin R Fuchs Redhook 9 May 1818 Received from the Trustees in Redhook Salary from 30 Sept 1817 to 30 March 1818 22X 10Schillings (56D 2 S. Valentin R Fuchs Redhook Oct 24 1818 Received from the Trustees in Redhook Salary from 30 March to 30 Sept 1818 56D. 2Schillings Valentin R Fuchs Pastor Loci 72

Red Hook April 10 1819 Received from the Trustees in Red Hook Salary from Sept 30 1818 to March 30 1819 56 Dollars 2 Schillings Valentin R Fuchs Pastor Loci Redhook Oct 16 1819 Received from the Trustees in Redhook Salary from 30 March 1819 to 30 Sept 1819 221 10 Schillings (56D.25.

Valentin R Fuchs Redhook 22 April 1820 Received from the Trustees in Redhook Salary from 30 Sept 1819 to 30 March 1820 56 Dollars 2 Schillings Valentin R Fuchs Pastor Loci Redhook 8 Oct 1820 Received from the Trustees in Redhook Salary from 30 March to the 30 Sept 1820, 56 Dollars 2 Schillings Valentin R Fuchs Pastor Loci Redhook May 21 1821 Received from the Trustees in Redhook Salary from 30 Sept 1820 to 30 March 1821 56 Dollars 2 Schillings Valentin R Fuchs Pastor Loci Redhook 20 Oct 1821 Received from the Trustees in Redhook Salary from 30 March to Sept 30 1821 56 Dollars 2 Schillings Valentin R Fuchs Redhook 27 April 1822 Received from the Trustees in Redhook Salary from 30 Sept 1821 to 30 March 1822 221 10 Schillings (56D.25.

Valentin R Fox Red Hook Apr 19 1823 Received from the Trustees in Redhook Salary from 30 Sept 1822 to 30 March 1823 221 10 Schillings (56D.25 Valentin R Fox 73

Redhook 3rd October 1823 Received from the Trustees in Redhook Salary from the 30 March 1823 to 30 Sept 1823 56 Dollars 2 Schillings Valentin R Fuchs MISCELLANY 1755 Aug. 25 Frederich Beringer and Lenard Sarenb erg borrowed from Zachariah Schmitt 4 pounds for expenses of bringing Herr Rubel here X 4. s 0, p 0 1764 Jan. 26. The Church Elders contracted with George Sneyder to furnishe board to Preacher Kock while in Reinbeck X 4. s O. p 0 for £4 pounds a year Helmus Smit for ringing the Church bell per year 1773 July 23 Bill for repairs by mechanics 1st according to receipt for lumber it l4 Shingles 2nd " " nails 3rd 4 Laborers, blacksmith board of workmen Total cost

X 4. s10. p 4 X 4. s 0. p 0 X 1. s 8. p 6 X 9. s 1. p 5 £19. s 6. p 3

1780 June 13 I Wilhelm Dittmann received for board money from the Trustees of Zions Church in Rheinbeck 5X 5s in payment of all demands for board money up to above date.

1787 Dec. 3 The Trustees paid Board for the X 1. s18. p G Reader 1799 June 1 Received from the trustees of Zion Church Board money in full for the year 1798 to May 9th by me Wilhelm Dittman Reader 74

The Lure of the Living Past* "There is no new thing under the sun" said the Preacher to the House of Israel and what was true then is true today.

Yet in this self-centered and egotistical age, absorbed in our own interests and satisfied with the attainments of this twentieth century, with no time for the past and no thought for the future, we are too prone to forget this. * * * * It is not to the study of history in its more serious aspects that I would call your attention but to the more frivolous side, to such things as old wills and records, newspaper advertisements, old auction bills and store ledgers. The storekeeper in Pawling who entered on his ledger: "Paid John Doe for three days work; it should have been done in a day and a half", strikes a sympathetic chord in our hearts!

To most of you I fear the love of old records is but an indication of the first stages of senile decrepitude. It brings before you a mass of "whereases", and "the aforesaid party of the first part doth covenant and agree to transfer," etcetera, to "the aforesaid party of the second part, his heirs and assigns forever", and so forth and so forth. There is much of this and, if that were all, the time spent would be worse than wasted. Even to search for isolated facts alone,-to prove that John Jones lived on the east side of a certain highway instead of on the west side; or to prove that a certain general landed ten feet either north or south of the accepted site is in the same category. But as the artist picks here a bit of stone, there another, now a bit of red, now a bit of blue, and with them forms a beautiful mosaic; so if, with a fact from this will or that deed or from the old newspapers of the day, we can bring before us the picture of the early days in America, then is our time well spent. It may be of very little real importance as history that I should have found in an old expense account a bill presented by my highly esteemed ancestor, member of the Colonial Assembly and *Paper read by Mrs. Theodore de Laporte before Mahwenawasigh Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution, at Poughkeepsie, N. Y., March 21, 1927.

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Judge of the Court, for liquor served to the jurors while on duty, but it does certainly throw light on the public attitude toward the liquor question.

We are to be congratulated because of the great human interest of these records. We find such evidences of broken hearts and disappointed ambitions, of fatherly care and wifely devotion, of faithless wives and obdurate lovers, such keen insight into character, such light upon obsolete customs. There are the quaint little expressions, the lists of long forgotten dressgoods, the serving utensils and the books most eagerly sought for, that repay us for pages of really stupid reading. I was more than willing to spend an entire afternoon to come across an order in an early Massachusetts school commanding the children not "to spit on the floor but to spit in the corner." Our own early school records are not devoid of interest. Our old Wurtemburgh record makes a special note of the fact that they had spent one shilling on mending the tin drinking cup. There are in the mass of stupid stuff veritable nuggets of gold for those who seek. It was worth pages of dull reading to find a resolution passed by the official board of New Amsterdam ordering the citizens to keep their pigs confined, because they rooted down the fortifications faster than they could be rebuilt and that when Annaka Jans, wife of the Rev. Everardus Bogardus, whose bouwerie forms part of the Trinity holdings in New York. was notified that she held her skirts too high when crossing the streets, to find her spirited reply that she would hold them higher still if the mud grew deeper. One is almost inclined to believe the story that she was a natural daughter of the House of Orange.

In volume I of Anjou's records of the Probate Court of Ulster County is an inventory of the household goods of Dr. Van Imbroch and the auction sale of his effects. It opens before us the household chest and the furnishings of an early colonial home of wealth and refinement. Not one of us, I think, would refuse her "bedstead half surrounded by curtains, its top piece or valletje and its new green blankets". We might even accept the thirty-three combs listed 76

or even the "thirty-five mirrors made by savages, "but what would we do with a "velvet handkerchief?" Dr. Gysbert Van Imbroch and Rachel Monjour dela Montagne must have been a bonny pair, he dressed in his "black turkish grosgrain suit and his black silk stockings and orange girdle and long black cloak", she with "her colored reversible skirt and green lining, her scarlet jersey jacket, black sarcanet apron, her silver head-dress, her long grey cloak and beaver muff."

Five new grey hats are on the inventory, but there is nothing to show whether they belonged to Rachel or not, nor do we know quite what to think of the numberless pairs of "old mens stockings", for Gysbert was young. They might be classified with another auction which advertises for sale: "two red womens coats and three green mens britches." We should also add to this list the woman in Vermont who recently reported in the Burlington Free Press the loss of a "pale blue lady's shawl." The inventory also discloses the fact that handkerchiefs were round not square for, tied up in a little napkin, were two round handkerchiefs of linen, bordered with lace, one of cambric with lace and one square handkerchief of white velvet. Nor is the liking for pretty things characteristic of the women of today alone, for Rachel, too, gratified her taste. Put up for sale was "her little box of silk and ribbon for female utensils and her fringed border around the mantle piece." Dr. Von Imbroch must have been a school-master as well as chirugion, for a number of school books were offered for sale. There were: 8 Stories of David, 7 Hours of Death, 17 Beautiful or exquisite proofs of Mans Misery. What we all envy her was her 45 ells of fine linen. We are sorry for the three fatherless and motherless children but we are glad to have this inventory.

These lists are of very great value in completing the picture of the times.

In 1692 various lists were published of personal properties and their valuations. Was this a fore-runner of the open tax list of the past year? The wardrobe of Captain Caesar Carter, a British officer, contained the following articles: a silk-flowered waistcoat, green silk breeches, flowered with 77

silver and gold; silver gauze breeches; black, blue and red stockings; three laced handkerchiefs and various wigs, both long and bobbed. Jacques Cosseau's wardrobe was of cloth and kersey, while Dr. de Lange reports: "five pairs of white calico stockings." The list of Madam de Lange was very curious. It included one black silk potoso-a-samare with lace, value three pounds; 3 calico nightgowns, two flowered and one red; a yellow love hood and a black plush mask.

Among her jewels was a gold boat with 13 diamonds on a coral chain. Occasionally something like the following will appear—"A Jar with oil: a can, in which there has been vinegar but the can having been broken the vinegar has been saved in a keg."

It is to the old wills that we must look for many of our treasures. There is a great similarity in many of them. The wife is usually given her portion as long as she remains a, widow. The feather bed and iron pot are frequently mentioned and there is as a rule a long religious preamble. They throw light not only on social conditions but upon fashion and wardrobes as well. The will of Captain Thomas Exton gives a splendid picture of a gentleman's wardrobe (though not as elaborate as that of Captain Caesar Carter) . His first bequest is: "seven beavers to buy wyne for the officers and gentlemen who accompany my corps to the grave". He mentions his fine new holland shirts in his black trunk, "the silver boat, meat fork and spoon," his "belt, embossed in silver and gold" and his "gold ring with this posie in it, God's Providence is our inheritance." The will of John Marshall furnishes an excellent example of brevity. It is almost as concise as that of the man from Indiana who wrote: "I want my 7/He to have all I've got" and signed it. Marshall's will reads: "I give to ye Lord my soule who gave it me, and my body to the earth from whence it came, and my whole estate to my wife." All men however were not so generous. One, having particularly stated that though weak in body he was strong in understanding, allows his wife "her own wearing clothes and the goods she brought with her to me". Occasionally a man profits by others experiences. After specify78

ing that his wife shall have fifteen bushels of grain per year and four bushels of apples and a home with her son, Daniel, he stipulates that if Daniel marries and they do not care to live together then he shall build her a suitable and convenient house.

What a beautiful home life is disclosed in the following affidavit of Sybout Classen and his wife Susannah, "who being in indifferent health but sound in memory," wish to testify "of the real love and affection during the years of their matrimony shown to each other, and by the blessing of God still to be shown".

Possibly some of you may be able to solve the problem presented in this next. Mr. William Bogardus, the notary, testifies that on September 17, 1673, on Sunday evening about 8 o'clock, appeared Sigismund Lucas and Gertrude Von Bulderin, joined in marriage, "the testator being sick in bed but with his wife being sound in body and walking up and down." I quote verbatim.

Those of us who are looking with apprehension at the increase of paternalism in government and the shifting of responsibility in the up-bringing of children from the individual to the State, will sympathize with Mr. Stoffel Abeel of Albany who states most emphatically that his wife shall not be interfered with in the management of their children by the Lords Orphans Masters.

Occasionally we see the tragedy of thwarted hopes and disappointed ambitions. Mr. William Hollgrove of Southold leaves large estates to his three sons and then adds: "If any of my sons or daughters shall apostate from the Protestant Doctrine or Faith of the Church of England or if they or any of their heirs shall at any time espouse or contract marriage with a Quaker or the son or daughter of a Quaker they shall be disowned." Then, "To my son John, that wicked apostate, whom I disown." Can't you read between the lines a stubborn father and an equally determined son, who for the love of some fair Quakeress had upset his father's plans by associating with these off-scourings of the earth?

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One would scarcely think of looking among records of vital statistics for amusing things, yet even these yield their quota. One from the Weekly Museum of 1792. announces: "On Monday evening June 7th 1792, by the Reverend Mr. Beach, John Buchanan,Esq.,to the amiable, adorable, incomparable, inflexible, invincible, and non-parallel of her sex, Nancy Lucy Turner, both of this City". Occasionally a few personal details are inserted. "Captain Thompson Baxter was married to Miss Ann Whitman after a long and tedious courtship of 28 years, which they both endured with uncommon Christian fortitude". Sometimes a list of the bride's attractions concluded with the information that "not among the least was an ample fortune." One marriage record in this church (the Baptist), that of my grandfather, ends with this statement: "the occasion was solemn", while in the records of St. Peter's (Lutheran) the minister adds in recording the death of one of the members: "he was a simple and inoffensive man"; and of one of the sisters he writes: "she was a member of this church but somewhat given to enthusiasms". Our own village paper also adds its share for, some years back, an obituary poem ends with these pathetic words: "Without a child, without a wife, He closed his happy peaceful life".

There is no lack of unconscious humor even in naming the children. We all admire large families, but we can sympathize with that pioneer mother who named her twen tieth child Twenty, and the twenty-first Plenty. One cannot but wonder what early training led one Narragansett mother, Madam Austen, to name her five sons, Parvis, Picus, Pierseus, Prisimeus and Polybius, but we can picture something of Richard Gridley's religious frame of mind when he named his children: Return, Believe, and Tremble. Our sympathies are all with the child who carried through life the name of "Fathergone," expressive of her widowed mother's woe.

The special legacies often throw much light on manners and customs. Picture little Catrina Praa on her way to church with her "Church book with silver clasps and chains" 80

and with her "one great ear spangle with ear jewels." But to what fashion could refer: To my niece Cornelia "two gold pieces to wear above their ears." Sometimes a signature like John Smith Rock leads to the information that this was to distinguish him from John Smith Blue the one having a stony farm, the other blue tiles in his fireplace.

It is not only the old wills and court records that furnish us with these little glimpses of the past but the old newspapers and magazines with their varied advertisements are full of humor and information. You who must have at least two mails a day and a radio attachment to your automobiles, ponder over this: "On the 24th instant the post sets out for Boston to perform the stage once a fortnight to Lady Day." There were no pictures of Pompeiin ladies reclining on impossible beds of ease, extolling the virtues of Palm Olive or Mavis Talc, but Mr. Thomas Lynch announces that he has a very good orange butter. It is excellent for gentle-women to do up their hair with and it also cures children's sore heads. In 1750 there were no advertisements of permanent waves but bobbed heads were not unknown and the following glowing account sets forth: "There has lately arrived from London the Wonder of the world an Honest Barber, living near Rosemary Lane, when ladies and gentlemen may be supplied with the goods as follows,-Tyes, Bullbottoms, Majors Spencers, Fox-tails cut and bob perukes. Also "Ladies Tate Matongues and Towers after the manner that is now worn at court" and, in the same paper, Miss Elizabeth Boyd notifies the public "that she will continue to graft pieces into knit jackets and breeches not to be discerned" while Mr. Thomas Childs reports that "his shop had been entered and there had been stolen one grey wig half worn, one horse hair wig not the worse for wearing, and one old wig of goats hair".

If we judge from the items in the early newspapers of the day, conditions were almost barbaric. We read of negroes burned at the stake, of men hanged for theft, of the office of "Public Whipper" at a salary of twenty pounds per annum, of men tied to the tail of a cart and whipped around 811

the town. Occasionally a circumstance of this kind has its humorous side. William Drinkwater of Risplgefield, having been abusive to his wife, the women of the town had him tied to a cart and belabored him on his back .and in striving to get away he dislocated his arm. On complaining to the judge he was merely laughed at. The account adds: "he is now a model husband."

Possibly these old notices give us the best view that we have of the sale of both whites and blacks,-men and women from England and from the Palatinate, men of Switzerland, negroes just arrived from Africa, and wild unbreakable Indian boys. Two advertisements of our fellow-townsman Capt. Abram Kip will be sufficient. "Ran away from Capt. Abram Kip an Indian fellow, named Tierce, about nineteen Long Island born and speaks nothing but English.

Had on a light colored cloth coat an indifferent hat and a pair of trousers. 20 shillings award for his return." And "On April 25, an Indian man about eighteen, and speaks good English. Had on a grey cloth jacket an old pair of trousers and an iron ring about his neck and one about his leg with a chain from one to the other."

For matters of sanitation for the scourge of small-pox and when you are invited to join an anti-vaccination society consult the reports of the early papers. In 1750 when New York was but a little country town, there were in one week 68 deaths from small-pox and from Sept. 1 to Nov. 15 a total of 549.

There are times when it seems that our vices, like the length of our skirts, are very largely a matter of fashion.

Undoubtedly our Floridian friends who staged a three-days cock-fight at Orlando were priding themselves upon something new in the line of a public drawing card, yet they could not be surpassed by a similar exhibition in New York as disclosed by an old time poster: "On Tuesday, the 17th of February, 1761, there will be a grand Cock-Match on the green near the workhouse (greatest part of which will be converted into a Pit), between several Hundreds of plain Liberty and Property Cocks with their own spurs Combs and Gills, and some Cocks of French Extraction with gaudy S2

feathers, Gaffs and Gauntlets finely trimmed, that have been for some time kept up, and are highly fed with artificial balls compounded of Garlic. and Old Madaira Wine, etc.

The bets will be very high as the Battles will not be decided there they are to sojourn to the City Hall where the Sport will be continued for two or three days. When the sport is over, if the majority of the Spectators should give their Consent, the judge will joyn with some others and make a complete system of laws relating to Cock Fighting, Horse races, Drinking Bumpers, with proper Epithets and Toasts, Concerts, Balls and Assemblies, and even Masquerades if it be thought necessary to introduce them into this Country."

There is nothing new under the sun!

If we be justified in turning to the eighteenth century for such brutal exhibitions as cock-fights, we should in justice to that period show something of the finer spirit of the time.

We have prided ourselves upon our work during this late war for the Red Cross and all the allied charities, yet it was no greater in comparison than that done by the Women of 1776. We sat on our porches and knitted sweaters. Mrs. Washington supervised and kept in operation 16 looms.

Bullets were provided for the destitute army because those women melted their pewter and took out all their window weights. And when the New Jersey troops were destitute of uniforms the women of that state rallied to their support, and soon the boys (the average age of Washington's troops was eighteen) were dressed in "tow frocks and pantaloons dyed blue", and today "the Jersey Blues" is a synonym for anything that has stood the test. Long before the out-break of the war they had organized themselves as the Daughters of Liberty, and a favorite song was: First then throw away your top-knots of pride, Wear none but your own country linen, Of economy boast let your pride be the most To show clothes of your own make and spinning.

A young homesick lad, one of Cornwallis' aids, writes home: "I believe if we defeat the armies of the Colonies we

shall have to conquer the women. They act as if the number 13 was magical. A party of naval prisoners, recently returned from Jersey, says the rations among the rebels are 13 dried oysters a day: that Lord Stirling has 13 glasses of grog every morning, and the same number of rum bunches on his nose; that Mr. Washington has thirteen toes (three having grown since the Declaration of Independence) ; that Sachem Schuyler has a topknot of 13 stiff hairs, which his wife oils every night to preserve the magic number; that Old Put (General Israel Putnam) had 13 pounds of his posterior bit off with an encounter with a Connecticut bear ('twas there he lost the balance of his mind) ; that Polly Wayne, (General Anthony Wayne, known as Mad Anthony) was just 13 hours in subduing Stony Point and as many seconds in leav ing it; that every well regulated rebel family has 13 children; and that Mrs. Washington has a cat with 13 stripes around his tail and that flaunting it suggested to the Congress the adoption of the same number of stripes for the rebel flag. Even in their dress the females defy us for in their breast-knots they wear ribbons of 13 colors. I am heartily sick of this country, and I wish I was home."

There was no shirking of responsibilities by these women; no shielding of slacker sons or cowardly husbands.

Perhaps nothing better shows the spirit of these women than the farewell of a woman of Elizabethtown, when there was a threatened attack by the British. "My children," said she, "you are going out in a just cause to fight for the rights and liberties of your country. You have my blessing and my prayers that God will protect you. But if you fall, His will be done. Let me beg of you, that if you do fall, it may be like men and that your wounds may not be in your hinder parts."

We sent out our Red Cross nurses, but they risked no more than Deborah Franklin, who was banished from New York because she dared to feed her countrymen starving in the prisons; or Dame Grant, who defied the government by going every other day with food for the prisoners in the prison ships, herself falling a victim to smallpox. We sent 84

out our troups of entertainers, but Kitty Green, wife of the General, spending her winter at Valley Forge with no word of complaint and organizing games to divert the minds of those in command; and Lucy Knox, with her parties and her entertainments for the homesick and discouraged men, were their worthy predecessors.

We have heard a great deal about "the men behind the guns," but certainly we should not forget the women behind the gunners.

We must, however, acknowledge the greater comfort of the modern hotel. Can you imagine the following rules for the management of a Tavern, hangnig on walls of the Beekman ArmsLodging 3 pence Lodging and breakfast 4 pence Only 5 lodgers to a bed No boots can be worn in bed.

Imagine my joy when pouring over some records of the Probate Court to come across a statement that the Board of Schep ens (corresponding to our board of Aldermen), who served practically without pay, were entitled to march to church on Sundays, preceded by the bell-ringer, bearing the cushions on which they alone were permitted to sit. Though this may present these old burgomasters to us in a rather ludicrous light, they were trying out experiments in government which we are claiming as our own inventions. If paternalism in government, regulation of prices of food-stuffs, strong unions and workmen's compensation laws are all good things and to the credit of this twentieth century, then these men were hundreds of years ahead of their times. The Board of Orphan Masters more than supervised the care and management of the children. Utterly regardless of the law of supply and demand in the regulation of prices, they fixed the weight and the price of coarse bread, and even demanded that the bakers should always keep on hand a certain amount if they desired to bake their little fancy cakes. No one was satisfied, either bakers or consumers. The latter petitioned for a reduction of price, the bakers pleading for 85

an advance and a living wage. The trades were organized. into unions of which the butchers guild was the most irni3ortant. They had a full monopoly of business. No citizen could kill any animal on his own premises, even though it were his own and for himself alone. He must send for the butcher. Fees were fixed by the court, but why it was worth more to slaughter an animal six years old than one five is a mystery. To add to their misery, the people were forbidden to shoot partridge and other game birds either in their own gardens or in the streets. These butchers, knowing their power and privileges, rebelled against the fixed price and demanded and secured higher rates, the ultimate consumer as usual footing the bill. When the Workman's Compensation Act was passed a few years ago it was acclaimed as a great advance and a great victory for labor, yet this was no new thing. Compare this with rule 19 for the regulation of the weigh houses. "If any porter be hurt in the performing of his duty he shall receive 3 florins per week until well."

Certainly we must give some credit to the 17th century.

They had modern troubles with their fire companies.

They furnished the best equipment possible, but the companies failed to grease the water-buckets and the leather cracked, and the water leaked out, and they were not kept filled ladders were borrowed and never missed until needed. Even our New York City Commissioner might find a parallel for his troubles in the New York Police Department with those of Ludovic Pos Captain of the Rattle Watch. The Rattlewatch was supposed to patrol the streets at night and call out the hours at certain corners, but the citizens complained that they gathered around the city hall instead of walking their beats, so poor Captain Pos was ordered to go out during the night at unexpected hours and see if his men were properly dressed and on duty. Their last call at peep of day was "Rise out of bed." When reprimanded for failing to make this call they said they were ashamed at that late hour to give the call, "Rise out of bed!"

It is to the early church records, especially of New England, that we must look for a most graphic picture of the 8G

times and of the horrors of the wilderness. No better advice has ever been given for the organization of a church than the following. "A church should not be of greater number than can ordinarilie meet conveniently in one place, nor ordinarilie fewer than may convenientlie carry on the church work." Those pioneers were stern and unbending, doing what they thought was right and often erring because of their eagerness to fulfill the law as they believed it. They left an indelible impress upon the American people, what has been so often sneeringly called: the New England conscience. The meeting house, high on a hill that the lookout might have a better view of the skulking savage; the armed soldier at the end of each pew, with wife and children safely guarded; the row of armed soldiers in the back seats; certainly it was the church militant! Strange it would seem today to see the bloody heads of wolves nailed to the church siding as proof that the huntsman had made the country a little safer and that he therefore was entitled to his bounty money.

On the green stood the stocks and the pillory and the whipping post. Unintentionally comic features of colonial laws and punishments abound in the early records. We might call it a case of poetic justice that the first culprit confined in the stocks at Boston was the carpenter who made them. This was the penalty he paid for overcharging. Laws against profanity were very severe. This crime brought many to the pillory. Two very wicked Wells women were punished "for using profane speech in their common talk" as, in making answers to several questions, their answer is: "Divil a bit" and Mr. Dexter was "put in ye bilboes for profane saying dam ye cow." Men were punished for selling short weight, for spoiling hides when tanning and refusing explanation, for "suspitions of stealing pins" and for "pnishouse Equerilous Odyouse words." Lying too was forbidden but there were grades of lying. George Cripe's wife, who "told a lie, not a pernicious lie, but a "plain lie", was simply admonished. Will Randall, who told a "plain lie" was fined 10 shillings and Ralph Smith, who "lied about 87

seeing a whale", was fined 20 shillings and excommunicated. When we think of the icy-cold meeting-houses, the hour-long prayers and the three-hour long sermons, two services a day, we do not wonder at the appointment of the "awakener", who, with a long staff with a dangling fox-tail on one end and a knob on the other, walked around the church spying the sleeper and either tickling her into wakefulness or pitilessly rapping the heads of others. Mr. Obediah Turner of Lynn gives in his journal a sad disclosure of total depravity as disclosed by this sudden church-awakening. "Allen Bridges hath bin chose to wake the sleepers in meeting, and being much proud of his place must needs have a fox-tail fixed to ye end of a long staff wherewith he may brush ye faces of them that sleep in time of discourse likewise a sharp thorne wherebye he may pricke such as be most sound. On ye last Lord, his day, as he strutted about ye meeting house he did spy Mr. Tomlins sleeping with much comfort, his head kept steady by being in ye corner, and his hand grasping ye rail. And so spying Allen did quickly thrust his staff behind Dame Ballard and gave him a grevious prick upon ye hand. Whereupon Mr. Tomlins did spring up mch above ye floore and with terrible force strike hys hand against ye wall and also to ye great wonder of all profranely exclaim in a loud voice, curse ye wood-chuck, he dreaming that a woodchuck had seized and bit his hand. But on coming to know where he was and ye great scandall he had committed he seemed much abashed but did not speak. And I think he will not soon go to sleep in meeting." Another catastrophe due to the too fierce zeal of the awakener is recorded. An old sheep farmer who had had a hard Saturday washing sheep, fell asleep before the first hour had passed.

Being rudely disturbed but not fully awake the old man jumped to his feet, seized his wife by the shoulders shook her violently shouting at the top of his voice, haw back, haw back, stand still will ye! Many years elapsed before they lived down that scandal.

Even in those days the minister's wife was often subject for grave discussion, and they quarreled long and bitterly 88

over the gay dress of Madam Johnson, "that she wore her bodies tied to the petticoats with points as men do their doublets and hose bodies" and that she wore" lawn coives and whalebones in her petticoat bodies" and a "velvuet hoode" and that men called her a "bouncing girl," as if she could help that, but worst of all she wore a "topish hat". This her husband vehemently denied and quoted in her defense the definition of "topishness" given by the great Mr. Ainsworth: "Though velvuet in its nature is not topish, yet if common mariners should wear such, it would be sign of pride, and topishness and pride in them. Also a gilde rapier and a feather are not topish in their nature, neither in a Captain to wear them, yet if a minister should wear them they would be signs of great vanity topishness and lightness." In fact, unsuitable dress was topish. The late Booker T. Washington emphasized this thought in an address to his people in Tampa when he begged them "never to be guilty of putting a ten dollar hat on a ten cent head".

Built around these old churches were little rest houses where the people gathered after the morning service to thaw out, and warm up for the afternoon session. Here they lunched and talked over the affairs of the settlement. Here they exchanged recipes and patterns. One little Puritan girl writes to her friend: "Anna Bradford gave me last Sabbath in the noon-house a piecing of the blazing star. It is much finer than the Irish chain or the twin sisters. I want yellow pieces for the first join." Yellow was a favorite color.

Meeting-house after meeting-house was painted this gorgeous color, until Brooklyn in 1762 painted her meetinghouse orange, with a chocolate brown base, red roof and white trim, and rejoiced because she had the "newest, the biggest and the yallerist" church in the colony.

When We consider that the Sabbath began at sundown Saturday with a religious service in the home and in some houses included three religious services on Sunday, although the Sabbath was over at sundown, we cannot wonder at the lament of one householder who said it was very hard to get help who "enjoyed catechizing and family duties". We do 89

not have to go beyond our own town to find quaint entries on the church books. One of our own churches was organized in 1822, July 4, and we find an entry of the yearly meeting that the attendance was small, because of the horse-race.

A favorite entry is: "We met in unity and peace, and departed in unity and peace." Let us hope that this state was characteristic. And, when two of their members were leaving by boat on the Hudson for New York, the clerk adds: "after a season of prayer, we accompanied them to the waters edge, and there we said farewell."

We of this present century who pride ourselves on our efficiency cannot claim even this as a 20th century product.

Back in 1828 Mistress Mary Randolph wrote for the Virginia Housewife a series of articles with this as her slogan: "Method is the soul of management". Her preface would have been 0. K'd by the Ladies Home Journal. She says: "Management is an art that may be acquired by every woman of good sense and tolerable memory. If perchance she has been bred in a family where domestic business is a work of chance she will have many difficulties to encounter but a determined resolution to obtain this valuable knowledge will enable her to surmount all obstacles. She must begin the day with an early breakfast requiring each person to be in readiness to take their seats when the muffins, buckwheat cakes, etc., are placed on the table. This looks social and comfortable".

Who of us today would venture to concoct this cake as made in 1747 which required "four pounds of the finest flour, three pounds of sugar, four pounds of butter and thirty-five eggs, beating all together till all appear like butter.

After adding your rose water and ambigrease and carro way, beat it for two hours, always remembering to beat your butter with a cool hand and always one way in a deep dish."

This was then entrusted to a Dutch oven, a big iron pot standing on three legs in the corner of the fireplace for three hours. These old magazines and books of American coo kery with their yellowed leaves and queer ss and ifs give us the list of the materials used in baking and the quantities of 90

"perlash" and "emptins" used and the advent of soda and cream-tartar known as portable yeast. They advise that the guests' occupations be varied but their tastes similar; the women pleasant without too much coquetry; the dishes choice but limited in number; and then add, let the coffee be hot, the tea not too strong, and the toast scientifically buttered; all go home by eleven and at home by twelve.

We can't even claim as our own invention the delicatessan that standby of the one-room-apartment-ite. In 1761 Sam Fraunce, the proprietor of the famous Fraunce's Tavern, advertises a sale of canned goods that makes a modern housekeeper turn green with envy. He offers for sale Portable Soup, whatever that can be; catsup, bottled gooseberries, pickled walnuts, pickled or fried oisters fit to go to the West Indies, and a large assortment of sweetmeats, such as currant jelley, marmelade, quinces, grapes, strawberries and sundry other sorts.

Food.prices at the close of the Revolution varied little from those of today. The Baroness Von Riedesdal, whose husband commanded the Brunswick troops at the Battle of Saratoga, wrote that she was paying for meat 36 ets per pound, butter 54, turkeys $4 a piece, one egg 12 cents, milk 18 cts per quart and 6 onions $1.00.

It is not necessary to have a large library to enjoy something of the charm of these old records for yourselves. Our own church records and town and supervisors records abound in bits of humor. You will first of all envy them their freedom from the tyranny of the dictionary. To be able to spell as you please, to do as one of the old Dutch Dominies did—spell Phoebe Ann as: Fibian, i having the sound of e. A course of spelling a la William Beam, our former town clerk, will work your ruin. Think of this: Straed in the pastor of Willem Wallis a wite heifer. etc ear marks in the rite eare a swolla, in the left a shlit and a hole puncht true." Mr. Beam often adds some very humorous comments. In recording the cattle brand of his successor, Mr. Henry Shop, he adds after the horned cattle "sheep cut their tails off." Very kind of the sheep! They were as ac91

commodating as that crowd in Washington of whom the daily paper said: "all reservations were taken by 9.30 and hundreds of spectators were turned down for seats."

The joy of the unexpected is not ours alone. When the records of to-day have become the history for to-morrow they, too, will repay the patient searcher, as the following letter on file in the War Department at Ottawa shows. It was written by a Prairie woman in the Northwest.

"Dear Mr. Headquarters: My husband was induced in the surface last year, and I have only herd from him once, and I need my money, and I have no support. My parents are sick on both sides, and my mother has been sick in bed for fourteen years with the same doctor and she wont have any other. My husband said he was in charge of a spittoon. Does he get any more for that?

Has he applied for a wife and child. I have written to Mr Borden and he did not answer, and if you do not write I will write to Mr Laurier.

P. S. He said he was writing in a Y. W. with a piano playing in his uniform. Perhaps you will find him there Signed Mrs. P Judge Sewell in his diary says: "We have a strong weakness in New England, that when we are speaking we know not how to conclude, making many ends before we make an end." That you may not accuse me of the same I will close with an advertisement from a New York paper of 1787, which proves the statement made at the beginning that there is no new thing under the sun: 'Wanted in or near Rhinebeck village, a small house at a moderate price."

Helen R. de Laporte.

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Membership List Dutchess County Historical Society Honorary Members Anthony, The Hon. Walter C., Newburgh, N. Y. Baldwin, James F., Ph.D.; Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Bigelow, The Hon. Poultney, Malden, N. Y. Edwards, The Rev. William A., Pleasant Valley, N. Y. Haldane, Miss Mary H., Cold Spring, N. Y. Hasbrouck, The Hon. Gilbert DuBois, Kingston, N. Y. Magill, Mr. H. N. W., Port Jefferson, L. I., N. Y. Taylor, Mr. Henry J., Poughkeepsie, N. Y.

Life Members Avery, Miss Myra H., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Bowdoin, Mr. George Temple, 104 East 37th Street, New York City.

Cooke, Miss Jane Grosvenor, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Delano, Mr. Lyman, Barrytown, N. Y. Dows, Mr. Stephen Olin, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Dudley, Mr. Guilford, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Hoag, Mrs. Frank P., Wingdale, N. Y. Hosmer, Mrs. Estelle De Peyster, 863 Park Avenue, New York City.

Marshall, Mr. Charles Clinton, 117 West 55th Street, New York City, and Millbrook, N. Y. Marshall, Mrs. Charles Clinton (Abby A. Story), New York City and Millbrook, N. Y. Newbold, The Hon. Thomas, Hyde Park, N. Y. Reese, Mr. W. Willis, New Hamburgh, N. Y. Reese, Mrs. W. Willis (Augusta Bliss), New Hamburgh, N. Y. Reese, Mr. Willis Livingston Mesier, New Hamburgh, N. Y. Roberts, Mrs. Charles H. (Katherine Aymar Freeman), in care of Farmers Loan and Trust Co., Fifth Ave., and 40th St., New York City.

Ruppert, Mr. Jacob, 1639 Third Avenue, New York City.

Simmons, Mr. William, 44 Whitehall Street, New York City.

Spingarn, J. E., Ph.D., Amenia, N. Y. Webb, Mr. Edwin J. Beacon, N. Y. Wilkinson, Mr. Robert, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Young, Mr. Innis, Locust Grove, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. *Copies of the Year Book are mailed only to those members whose dues tar:paid to date.

93

Annual Members Abel, Mrs. Claude (M. Lucy Pray), Verbank, N. Y. Abbott, Mr. George W., Hughsonville, N. Y. Ackert, The Rev. Winfred R., 416 West 54th Street, New York City.

Adams, Mr. William Platt, Red Hook, N. Y. Adams, Miss Katharine Elseffer, Red Hook, N. Y. Adriance, Mrs. I. Reynolds (Ada Campbell), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Adriance, Miss Marguerite Platt, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Adriance Memorial Library, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Albro, Miss Edna C., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Alden, Miss Edith, Beacon, N. Y. Aldrich, Mrs. Richard (Margaret L. Chanler), Barrytown, N. Y. Ailing, Mr. Newton D., Irving National Bank, New York City.

Andrews, Robert W., M. D.; Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Andrews, Mrs. Robert W., (Minnie Mari11), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Andrus, Miss Helen J., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Appel, Dr. Samuel E., Dover Plains, N. Y. Archer, Mrs. William (Beatrice), 46 Kendall Ave., Maplewood, N. J. Arnold, The Hon. C. W. H., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Arnold, Miss Katherine Innis, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Arnold, Mr. Richard H., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Arthur, Mrs. George, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Ashley, The Rev. Maurice C., Wappingers Falls, N. Y. Ashley, Miss Eleanor N., Wappingers Falls, N. Y. Astor, Mr. Vincent, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Atkins, Mr. Frederick, Beacon, N. Y. Atwood, Mrs. John W., (Ada Pearsall), Beacon, N. Y. Averill, Mrs. Walter C., (Margaret Reed), Poughkeepsie, N. Bailey, Miss Rosalie Fellows, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Bain, Mrs. Frank (Amelia McQuoid), Newburgh, N. Y. Bain, Mrs. Horatio N., (Carrie Belding), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Baker, The Hon. Willard, Sharon, Conn.

Ballard, Mrs. William W., Jr., Charleston, W. Va. Banks, Mr. Lenox, New Hamburgh, N. Y. Baranovski, Mrs. Alexander, Poughquag, N. Y. Barbour, Miss Violet, Ph.D.; Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Barck, Mr. Oscar T., 748 St. John's Place, Brooklyn, N. Y. -Barker, Mr. Harry C., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Barlow, Miss May, Wappingers Falls, N. Y. Barnard, Mr. Frederic, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Barnes, Miss Louise, Beacon, N. Y. Barratt, Mr. Helmus W., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. J3artlett, Mr. Henry, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 94

Bartlett, Mrs. Henry (Margaret Mandeville), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Baxter, Mr. Ernest D., Wappingers Falls, N. Y. Beardsley, Mr. William J., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Beckwith, Miss Elizabeth R., Stissing, N. Y. Beckwith, Miss Martha W., Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Bedell, Mr. Louis, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Bedell, Mrs. Walter H., (Mary Eleanor Lawson), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Bedford, Mr. John Bevier, 33 Thomas Street, Metuchen, N. J. Belding, Mrs. Charles W. (Eleanor Frost), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Bell, The Rev. Bernard Iddings, S. T. B.; St. Stephen's College, Annandale, N. Y. Benson, Mr. Arthur T., Dover Plains, N. Y. Benson, Mrs. Luther, Pawling, N. Y. Berrian, Mrs. Harrison H. (Sadie G.), Hopewell Junction, N. Y. Berrian, Mrs. Irving, Fishkill, N. Y. Berry, Mr. Martin, Beacon, N. Y. Berry, Mr. Milton H., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Bertholf, Dr. Henry W., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Bilyou, Mr. George E., Hyde Park, N. Y. Bishop, Mr. George R., 142 East 18th Street, New York City.

Blanchard, The Rev. Frank D., Rhinebeck, N. Y. Blanchard, Mrs. Frank D., Rhinebeck, N. Y. Blythe, .Mr. Brent MT., 15 William Street, New York City.

Bockee, Mr. Jacob, Amenia, N. Y. Bodenstein, Mr. Fred, Staatsburg, N. Y. Bodenstein, Mrs. Fred (Bertha Kidder), Staatsburg, N. Y. Bogle, Mr. Ronald F., Wappingers Falls, N. Y. Boomer, Mr. L. M., Waldorf-Astoria, New York City.

Booth, Mr. Charles E., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Booth, Mr. Henry, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Booth, Mrs. Henry (S. Elizabeth Rollinson), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Bosworth, Mr. William L., Amenia, N. Y. Bower, Mrs. Charles J., Pleasant Valley, N. Y. Bower, Mrs. J. K., 212 Julian Street, Waukegan, Ill. Bowne, Mrs. Charles, (Ellen French), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Boyce, John Newton, M. D.; Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Boyce, Mrs. John Newton, (Josephine DeLaney), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Boyd, Mr. Nathan T., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Boyle, Mrs. James Murray, 527 Riverside Drive, New York City.

Braman, Miss Emily L., 321 Clinton Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y. Braman, Miss Irene M., 321 Clinton Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y. Branch, Mrs. John Kerr, Pawling, N. Y. Breed, R. Huntington, M. D.; Wappingers Falls, N. Y. Breed, Mrs. R. Huntington, (Edna Roy), Wappingers Falls, N. Y. Briggs, Mrs. Edgar A. (Lotta M.), Pleasant Valley, N. Y. Briggs, Mr. Harry T., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 95

Brill, Mrs. Edith Seaman, Poughquag, N. Y. Brill, Mr. Jacob S., Poughquag, N. Y. Brill, Mrs. Jacob S., Poughquag, N. Y. Brill, Miss Mary I., Poughquag, N. Y. Brill, Mr. Theodore Rogers, 126 West 75th Street, New York City.

Brinckerhoff, Mr. LaTourette, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Britton, Mrs. James L., (Nellie Hyde), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Broas, Mr. Smith I., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Bronson, Miss Ella M., Wappingers Falls, N. Y. Brown, Mr. J. Adams, Pleasant Valley, N. Y. Brown, Mrs. J. Adams, (Flora Newcomb), Pleasant Valley, N. Y. Brown, Miss Margaret DeMott, Arlington, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Brown, Mrs. Samuel H., (Clara Lefferts Duryea), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Brown, Mr. Stuart J., 48 Eim Street, Montclair, N. J. Brown, Mr. William K., Rhinebeck, N. Y. Browning, Mr. William J., Hyde Park, N. Y. Bruleigh, Mrs. Clifford, (Josephine Jigger), LaGrangeville, N. Y. Buckley, Mr. H. C., Wassaic, N. Y. Budd, Miss Bertha, Hyde Park, N. Y. Budd, Mr. Eugene P., Red Hook, N. Y. Budd, Mrs. Eugene P., (Mina Potts), Red Hook N. Y. Budd, Mr. George A., Rhinebeck, N. Y. Budd, Mrs. George A., (Estelle Van Wagner), Rhinebeck, N. Y. Bull, Mr. La Verne M., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Bundy, Mr. Oscar H., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Burnett, Col. W. L., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Burroughs, Mr. Charles W., 400 West End Ave., New York City Bussing, Mr. William, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Butts, The Hon. Ralph F., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Butts, Mrs. Ralph F., (Harriet Tripp), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Caldwell, Mrs. A. J., R. F. D., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Campbell, Mr. George D., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Card, John A., M. D., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Carman, Mrs. William (Ruth), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Carpenter, Mr. Willson, Shekomeko, N. Y. Carpenter, Miss S. Louisa, Shekomeko, N. Y. Caven, Mr. Alexander, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Caven, Mrs. Alexander, (Louise Place), Poughkeepsie, N. / Chancellor, Mrs. P. S., (Charlotte Thorne), Millbrook, N. Y. Chapman, Mr. John Jay, Barrytown, N. Y. Chapman, Mrs. John Jay, (Elizabeth W. Chanler), Barrytown, N. Y. Cheney, Clarence 0., M. D., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Cheney, Mrs. Clarence 0., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Clark, Mrs. John W., Millerton, N. Y. Clark, Mr. Leonard P., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 96

Clearwater, The Hon. A. T., Kingston, N. Y. Clements, Miss Rosalie, Wiccopee, N. Y. Close, Mr. Fred C., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Coe, Mr. R. Theodore, La Grangeville, N. Y. Coe, Mrs. R. Theodore (Ada G. Uhl), La Gangeville, N. Y. Coffin, Mrs. J. Ross, (Beulah Hunt), Millbrook, N. Y. Cole, Mr. Charles L., Pleasant Valley, N. Y. Cole, Mrs. Charles L., Pleasant Valley, N. Y. Cole, Miss M. Elizabeth, Hyde Park, N. Y. Coleman, Mrs. John D. (Grace S.), Pawling, N. Y. Collins, Mrs. Elizabeth Curtis, Millbrook, N. Y. Collyer, Captain Moses W., Chelsea-on-Hudson, N. Y. Colton, Mrs. Charles, (Augusta Bayer), Pleasant Valley, N. Y. Colwell, Mr. Louis S., 746 Pine Avenue, W., Montreal, Canada.

Colwell, Mrs. Louis S., 746 Pine Avenue, W., Montreal, Canada.

Conger, Mr. Edward A., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Cookingham, Harris L:, M. D.; Red Hook, N. Y. Cooley, Mr. Paul Flagler, 651 Madison Avenue, New York City.

Coon, Mrs. Homer A., (Clara T. Van Vliet,) Red Hook, N. Y. Coon, Mr. Richard E., Jr., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Cornelius, Mr. Henry B., Rhinebeck, N. Y. Cornell, Mr. Martense, Wappingers Falls, N. Y. Corney, Mr. Henry S., Beacon, N. Y. Corney, Mrs. Henry S., Beacon, N. Y. Corwin, Mrs. John W., (Caroline A. Baxter), Beacon, N. Y. Cotter, John H., M. D.; Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Cotter, John Isaac, M. D.; Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Coughlin, Mr. Emmet P., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Coughlin, Mrs. Emmet P., (Katherine Reed), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Crary, Miss Amy, Beacon, N. Y. Crosby, Mr. Maunsell S., Rhinebeck, N. Y. Crouse, Miss Frances E., Red Hook, N. Y. Culver, Mr. Harry W., Amenia, N. Y. Culver, Miss Harriet E., Amenia, N. Y. Culver, Miss Laura B., Amenia, N. Y. Cummings, Mr. Lawrence Belding, 151 East 80th Street, New York City.

Cunningham, Mrs. Thomas, Sr., Beacon, N. Y. Cutler, Mrs. Stephen H., Millbrook, N. Y. Daughton, Mr. Joseph A., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Davids, Mr. George W., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Davids, Mrs. George W., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Davis,. Miss Caroline B., Wiccopee, N. Y. Davol, Mrs. J. B. (Edith A.), Fishkill, N. Y. Dean, Mrs. Robert (Mary E.), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 97

Dedrick, Mrs. Frank (Nona Conley), Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N.Y. deGaris, Mrs. Arthur, (Lucy Hurd), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Delafield, General John R., Red Hook, N. Y. and 27 Cedar St., N. Y. City Delamater, Mr. Harold, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Delano, Miss Laura, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Delapenha, Mr. R. U., Rudco, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. deLaporte, Mr. Theodore, Rhinebeck, N. Y. deLaporte, Mrs. Theodore, (Helen Reed), Rhinebeck, N. Y. de la Vergne, Mr. Charles, Wappingers Falls, N. Y. de la Vergne, Mrs. Charles, (Florence Van Wagner), Salt Point, N. Y. de la Vergne, Mrs. Paul, (Winifred Horsfield), Salt Point, N. Y. De Windt, Mr. John Peter H., 40 Wall Street, New York City.

Dey, Mrs. Harriet Martin, 507 N. Clinton Street, Iowa City, Iowa.

Dickerson, Mr. Frank S., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Dickerson, Mrs. Frank S., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Dickerson, Mr. Harold, Kingwood Park, Poughkeepsie, N. Y Dickerson, Mrs. Harold, Kingwood Park, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Dinsmore, Mr. William B, Staatsburg, N. Y. Doherty, Mr. John J., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Donaldson, Mrs. 0. S. (Jennie R.), Pawling, N. Y. Doughty, Mr. Robert N., Beacon, N. Y. Doughty, Mrs. Robert N., Beacon, N. Y. Dow, Mr. Alexander Cameron, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Dow, Mrs. Alexander Cameron (Elizabeth Frisbie), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Downing, Vivian F., D. D. S.; Arlington, N. Y. Downing, Mrs. Vivian F., (Ada), Arlington, N. Y. Dows, Mr. Tracy, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Drake, Mr. Clarence J., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. DuBois, Miss Amy B., Beacon, N. Y. DuBois, Mr. Charles, Fishkill, N. Y. DuBois, Mrs. Charles (Ethel Moore), Fishkill, N. Y. DuBois, Miss Frances E., Bangall, N. Y. DuBois, H. K., M. D.; Port Orange, Florida.

DuBois, Mr. James H., 1229 Madison Street, Washington, D. C. Dugan, Mr. John P., Fishkill, N. Y. Dutcher, Mr. John Gerow, Pawling, N. Y. Dutcher, Miss Marion F., Poughkeepsie, N. Y Duxbury, Dr. Paul Coates, 24 East 48th Street, New York City.

Edwaras, Miss Laura Jay, Millbrook, N. Y. Eighmie, Mrs. Elias, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Elting, Mr. Henry S., Tivoli, N. Y. Nlsworth, Miss Ethel Hinton, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Elsworth, Miss Mary Johnston, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Eno, Mr. Frank, Pine Plains, N. Y. 98

Farrell, The Rev. Gabriel, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Farrell, Mrs. Gabriel, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Field, Mrs. Edward Loyal, (Flora Stark), Millbrook, N. Y. Fish, The Hon. Hamilton, Jr., Garrison, N. Y. Fitch, Miss Clara S., Millbrook, N. Y. Fitch. Mrs. John D., Millbrook, N. Y. Fitch, Mrs. Robert W., Millbrook, N. Y. Flagler, Miss Jean L., Millbrook, N. Y. Flagler, Mrs. Joseph (Zilpha Storm), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Flagler, Mr. Harry Harkness, Millbrook, N. Y. Flagler, Mrs. Harry Harkness (Anne L. Lamont), Millbrook, N. Y. Flagler, Mrs. Philip Dorland, R. F. D., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Flynn, Mr. John A., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Folger, Mr. M. Glenn, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Folger, Mrs. M. Glenn, (Geraldine Wood), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Foster, Mrs. Warren Skinner, (Sophia Cary Wilkinson), Poughkeepsie,, N.Y. Forbes, Mrs. George (Mary G. Roach), Elkridge, Howard Co., Md. Fowler, Mr. Benjamin M., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Fowler, Miss Lena N., Pleasant Valley, N. Y. France, Mrs. Albert W. (Helen G. Newkirk), Hyde Park, N. Y. Freeborn, Miss Wilhelmina, Tivoli, N. Y. Frissel, Mr. Algernon Sydney, 530 Fifth Avenue, New York City.

Gaines, Mr. Clement C., Beacon, N. Y. Gardner, The Hon. Frank L., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Gardner, Mrs. Frank L., (Edith M. Young), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Gardner, MT. John H., Rhinebeck, N. Y. Gardner, Miss Nina C., Poughquag, N. Y. Garrison, Mr. Cornelius W., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Gellert, Mr. Edward, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Gellert, Mr. William Livingston, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Gillet, Mrs. Louis A., (Helen Kent), Beacon, N. Y. Gleason, The Hon. Daniel J., Millerton, N. Y. Goodsell, Mr. Charles H., Short Hills, N. J. Goring, Miss Mary C., Wappingers Falls, N. Y. Graham, Miss Heloise, Fishkill, N. Y. Griffing, Mr. Joseph, Red Hook, N. Y. Griffing, Mrs. Joseph, Red Hook, N. Y. Grubb, The Hon. John Bodden, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Guernsey, Mr. Raymond G., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Guilder, Mr. Walter C., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Guilder, Mrs. Walter C., (Grace Davis), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Guilder, Mrs. Robert (Marian Vandegrift), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Gurney, Mrs. Herbert R., (Susan Pier), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 99

Hackett, Mr. Henry T., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Hackett, Mr. John M., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Hackett, Mrs. John M., (Charlotte Cuineen), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Hadden, Mrs. Robert S. L., (Laura Allen), Staatsburg, N. Y. Haen, Mr. A. Chester, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Haggerty, Mr. J. Donald, Hillcrest, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Haight, Mrs. A. V. V., (Ida Paulding), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Haight, Miss Anna S., Millbrook, N. Y. Haight, Miss Lida, Millbrook, N. Y. Halstead, Miss Belle, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Halstead, Mr. George D., Arlington, N. Y. Halstead, Mrs. George S., (Esther E. Dickinson), Arlington, N. Y. Halstead, Miss Ida, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Halstead, Miss Ruth, Arlington, N. Y. Ham, Mr. John M., Millbrook, N. Y. Hamlin, Mr. John 0., Rhinebeck, N. Y. Hammond, Mr. Benjamin, Beacon, N. Y. Hanna, Mr. John A., Dover Plains, N. Y. Hapeman, Mr. Elmer 0., Red Hook, N. Y. Harrington, James T., M. D.; Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Harris, Mrs. J. Andrews, 3d, (Elizabeth L. Flagler), 49 Bethlehem Pike, Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pa. Hart, Mr. Frederick H. M., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Hart, Mrs. Frederick H. M., (Julia Gardner) ; Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Hart, Mr. F. Palmer, Upper Red Hook, N. Y. Hart, Mrs. F. Palmer, Upper Red Hook, N. Y. Hart, Mr. Herbert, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Hart, Mrs. Herbert (Sara Forman), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Hart, Mr. W. C., Walden, N. Y. Hart, Miss Mary A., Arlington, N. Y. Hasbrouck, The Hon. Frank, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Hasbrouck, Mrs. Louis P., (Elizabeth Herrick), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Hasbrouck, Mr. Ross, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Hasbrouck, Mrs. Ross, (Henriette M. Shepard) Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Hassett, The Hon. Thomas J., Beacon, N. Y. Haviland„ Mr. Benjamin H., 11 yde Park, N. Y. Baviland, Miss Caroline E., Millbrook, N. Y. Hawley, Mr. Earle, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Hawley, H. Reed, M. D.; Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Hawley, Mrs. H. Reed, (Lillian Frost), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Hays, Mrs. William J., Millbrook, N. Y. Heaton, Mr. Adna F., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Heermance, Mr. Radcliffe, Princeton, N. J. Herge, The Rev. Charles, Fishkill, N. Y. Herrick, Mr. Frank, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Herrick, Mrs. Frank, (Sarah Reed), Rhinebeck, N. Y. 100

Hewes, Mr. E. D., Beacon, N. Y. Hicks, Miss Mary C., New Hackensack, N. Y. Hill, Mr. John J., Millerton, N. Y. Hinkley, Miss Mary, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Hinkley, Miss Rhoda, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Hoag, Mrs. F. Philip, (Mary B. Tracy), Poughquag, N. Y. Hopkins, The Hon. Charles A., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Howard, Mr. Frank B., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Howard, Mrs. Frank B., (Sarah Taylor), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Howell, Mr. William D., Red Oaks, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Howell, Mrs. William D., Red Oaks, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. lioysradt, Mr. Willet E., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Hughes, Mr. Edwin B., Staatsburg, N. Y. Hummel, Mr. William L., Wappingers Falls, N. Y. Hunt, Mrs. A. S., Jr., (Alice B.), Wappingers Falls, N. Y. Hunt, Mr. Thomas, Tivoli, N. Y. Hunt, Mrs. Thomas, (Helen Jewett), Tivoli, N. Y. Huntington, Mrs. Robert P. (Helen Dinsmore), Staatsburg, N. Y. Hurd, Mrs. Jay, Pawling, N. Y. Husted, Mr. Chester, Pleasant Valley, N. Y. Husted, Mrs May W., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Irving, Miss Beatrice S., Hughsonville, N. Y. Irving, Mrs. J. Edmond, Wappingers Falls, N. Y. Ivory, Miss Annie, Beacon, N. Y. Jackman, Mr. David K., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Jackman, Miss Lena, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Jackson, Mrs. Henry, Stormville, N. Y. Janes, Mrs. John M., (Susan De La Vergne Baldwin), Poughkeepsie, N.Y. Jennings, Mrs. George, Beacon, N. Y. Jewett, Miss Harriet Roosevelt, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Johnston, Mrs. Robert, (Mary Adams), Rhinebeck, N. Y. Joseph, Mrs. Harold K. (Charlotte), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Judson, Miss Lenore, Beacon, N. Y. Judson, Mr. William H., Rhinebeck, N. Y. Keane, Mrs. John H., (Alice Van Houten), Beacon, N. Y. Kehr, Mrs. Charles, Hopewell Junction, N. Y. Kenyon, Mr. Clarence, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Kenyon, Mrs. Clarence, (Emma Kelsey), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Kenyon, Miss Helen, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Kerley, Mr. Albert F., Red Hook, N. Y. Kerley, Charles G., M. D.; 132 West 81st Street, New York City.

Kerr, Mr. James A., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 101

Kilmer, Miss Everetta, Beacon, N. Y. Kip, Mr. William R., Rhinebeck, N. Y. Kitts, Mrs. John Franklin, Staatsburg, N. Y. Knapp, Mr. Elbert, Wappingers Falls, N. Y. Knapp, George A., V. S.; Millbrook, N. Y. Knapp, Mrs. George A., (Marie Van Wagner), Millbrook, N. Y. Krieger, Mr. George W., Jr., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Krieger, Mrs. George W., Jr., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Lacy, Mrs. F. H., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Lamont, Miss Elizabeth K., Millbrook, N. Y. Lamont, Miss Mary S., Beacon, N. Y. Lamont, Miss Nancy M., Beacon, N Y. Landis, Mrs. George (Abigail Stapleford), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Landon, The Hon. Francis G., 60 Broadway, New York City.

Lane, Charles E., M. D.; Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Langdon, Mrs. Woodbury G., 399 Park Avenue, New York City.

Lasher, Mrs. Lena M., Hyde Park, N. Y. Lawlor, Mr. Thomas F., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Lawson, Miss Olga A., New Hamburgh, N. Y. Lawton, Miss Alice 0., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Lent, Mrs. Ward S. (Evelyn Brinckerhoff), Fishkill, N. Y. LeRoy, Irving Deyo, M. D.: Pleasant Valley, N. Y. Lesher, Mrs, Samuel W. (Annie R. Underhill), Hopewell Junction, N. Y. Limeburner, Mrs. Caroline, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Livingston, Mr. Clifford C., Fishkill, N. Y. Livingston, Mr. Edward de Peyster, 150 Nassau Street, New York City.

Livingston, Mr. Goodhue, 527 Fifth Avenue, New York City.

Lloyd, Mr. Henry, Jr., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Lloyd, Ralph I., M. D.; 14 Eighth Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y. Losee, Mr. Lewis H., 188 Montague Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. Lown, Mr. Clarence, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Lown, Mr. Frank B., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Lubert, Miss Mary C., Wappingers Falls, N. Y. Lumb, Mr. Henry T., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Lundy, Mrs. Theodore C. (Frances Keane), Beacon, N. Y. Lynch, Mr. James E., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Lynch, Mr. Thomas M., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Macaulay, Miss Jean, Wappingers Falls, N. Y. MacCracken, Henry Noble, LL.D.; President's House, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. MacDougal, Miss Alice T., Amenia, N. Y. MacDougal, Mrs. M. T., Amenia, N. Y. Mack, Mr. John E., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 102

MacKenzie, David Hugh, M. D.; Millbrook, N. Y. MacKenzie, Mrs. David Hugh, (Helen Coffin), Millbrook, N. Y. Macomber, Miss Mary J., IVIillbrook, N. Y. Maher, Mr. Richard F., Dover Plains, N. Y. Mahoney, Mr. Timothy, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Mahoney, Mrs. Timothy (Araminta Nagengast), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Maloney, Mr. Richard J., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Maloney, Mrs. Richard J., (Catharine Thorn Akin), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Mapes, Mrs. Stephen S., (Bertha Hoag), Beacon, N. Y. Marian, Mr. John B., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Martin, Mrs. Howard Townsend (Justine dePeyster), 863 Park Avenue, New York City.

Masten, Mr. G. Edward, Pleasant Valley, N. Y. Masten, Mrs. G. Edward, Pleasant Valley, N. Y. Massonneau, Mr. William S., Red Hook, N. Y. Masters, Mr. Francis R., 24 Thomas Street, New York City.

Mattern, Mr. William C., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. McCaleb, Miss Ella, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. McCambridge, J. E., M. D., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. McCambridge, Mrs. J. E., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. McCann, Mr. Charles, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. McKeown, Mrs William J. (Eugenia Lyon), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. McKinley, The Rev. Howard, Beacon, N. Y. McKinley, Mrs. Howard, Beacon, N. Y. McKinley, Mr. Robert, Glenham, N. Y. McKinley, Mrs. Robert, Glenham, N. Y. Merritt, Mr. Allen Douglas, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Merritt, Miss Caroline V., Millbrook, N. Y. Merritt, Mrs. Douglass, (Elizabeth Cleveland Coxe), Rhinebeck, N. Y. Merritt, Miss Ethel Douglas, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Merritt, Mrs. George W., (Alice Thorne), Millbrook, N. Y. Metzgar, Mr. William A., Red Hook, N. Y. Metzgar, Mrs. William A., Red Hook, N. Y. Miller, George N., M. D.; Rhinebeck, N. Y. Miller, Mr. Theodore H., Kingwood Park, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Minard, Mrs. Elias G., (Mary Adriance), South Mountain Park, Binghamton, N. Y. Monahan, Miss Margaret, Pawling, N. Y. Moon, Mr. Ward C., M. Pd., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Moore, Mr. Thomas R., Shekomeko, N. Y. Morgan, Mr. Frederick North, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Morgan, Mrs. Henry S. (Marian Barradale), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Morgan, Miss Ruth, Staatsburg, N. Y. Morgenthau, Mrs. Henry (Josephine Sykes), Hopewell Junction, N. Y. Morgenthau, Mr. Henry, Jr., Hopewell Junction, N. Y. Morschauser, The Hon. Joseph, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 103

Morse, Mr. E. Darwin, Amenia, N. Y. Myers, Mr. Henry, Hyde Park, N. Y. Myers, Mr. James, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Myers, Mrs. James, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Myers, Mr. Ralph W., Hyde Park, N. Y. Mylod, Mr. John J., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Mylod, Miss Mary V., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Mylod, Mr. Philip A., Poughkeepsie, N.Y. Mylod, Thomas F., M. D.; 580 Washington Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. Nally, Mr. Edward, New Hamburgh, N. Y. Nally, Mrs. Edward, New Hamburgh, N. Y. Naylor, Mrs. George, Jr., Peekskill, N. Y. Nelson, Mr. Harry, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Newbold, Miss Edith, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Newbold, Mr. Frederick R., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Newcomb, Miss Alice C., Hotel Bossert, Brooklyn, N. Y. Nightingale, Mrs. Lionel G. (Mildred Cark), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Norris, Mr. Oakley I., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Nuhn, Mr. Clifford, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. O'Connell, Mr. Edward C., Barrytown, N. Y. O'Donnell, Mr. Richard V., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Olivet, Mrs. George D. (Susan D. Myers), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Olivet, Miss Florence W., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Olmsted, Miss Julia C., Rhinebeck, N. Y. Olmsted, Miss Mary A., Rhinebeck, N. Y. Olney, Mrs. Amy G., Staatsburg, N. Y. Osbourne, Mrs. George L., (Eleanor E. Bartlett), Millbrook, N. Y. Overocker, The Hon. George, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Parker, Mrs. Cecil, (Mary F.), Hyde Park N. Y. Parkinson, Mrs. Robert L., Alumnae House, Vassar College.

Parks, Mrs. Arthur A., (Blanche J.), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Patterson, John E., D. D. S.; Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Peckham, Alva Lawrence, M. D.; Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Peckham, Mrs. Alva Lawrence (Margaret Chisholm), Poughkeepsie, N.Y. Perkins, Mr. Edward Elsworth, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Phillips, Mr. S. V., Hopewell Junction, N. Y. Phillips, Mrs. S. V., (Winifred P.), Hopewell Junction, N. Y. Picard, Mrs. Irving (Anne C.), Beacon, N. Y. Pinckney, Mr 0. C., Hopewell Junction, N. Y. Pinckney, Mrs. 0. C. (Mildred Meyer), Hopewell Junction, N. IL Pinkham, Mr. Herbert, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Pitcher, Mr. Conrad N., 148 West 38th Street, New York City.

104

Platt, The Hon. Edmund, 1337 Ashmead Place, Washington, D. C. Platt, Mr. Francis Wheeler, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Potts, Mrs. Peter F., (Mary Elmendorf), Red Hook, N. Y. Poucher, Mr. Franklyn J., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Poucher, Mrs. Franklyn J., (Eleanor Graeme Taylor), Poughkeepsie, N.Y. Poucher, John Wilson, M. D.; Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Poucher, Mrs. John Wilson, (Catherine DuBois LeFevre), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Pray, Mrs. William H., (Alice Schmidt), LaGrangeville, N. Y. Rapalje, Mr. John, Hopewell Junction, N. Y. Raymond, Mr. Sidney W., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Reagan, Mr. William J., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Reed, Miss Julia, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Reese, Miss Margaret M., Hughsonville, N. Y. Reynolds, Mr. Allen Stanley, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Reynolds, Mr. Augustus R., Poughquag, N. Y. Reynolds, Miss Helen Wilkinson, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Reynolds, Mrs. Jesse, Dover Plains, N. Y. Reynolds, Mr. William C., 227 Jefferson Avenue, New York City.

Richie, E. R., M. D.; Brewster, N. Y. Richmond, Mrs. George W. (Louise Merritt), Beacon, N. Y. Rikert, Mr. R. Raymond, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Ringwood, Mr. John F., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Ripking, Mrs. William, Hopewell Junction, N. Y. Roach, Mrs. William M., The Homestead, Chester, Pa. Roberts, Miss Edith A., Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Roake, Mrs. Harry, (Jessie E. Lawton), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Robinson, Mr. John B., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Robinson, Mrs. John B. (Winifred Krieger), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Robinson, Mr. Samuel Irving, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Rockwell, E. Lyman, M. D., Amenia, N. Y. Rogers, Colonel Archibald, Hyde Park, N. Y. Rogers, Mrs. Archibald, (Anne C. Coleman), Hyde Park, N. Y. Rogers, Mr. Henry W., 82 Fulton Street, New York City.

Roosevelt, The Hon. Franklin Delano, Hyde Park, N. Y. Roosevelt, Mrs. James (Sara Delano), Hyde Park, N. Y. Roosevelt, Mrs. James Roosevelt, (Elizabeth R.), Hyde Park, N. Y. Rosenkranz, Mr. Lewis, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Russell, Miss Ina G., Upper Red Hook, N. Y. Rymph, Miss Elma, Salt Point, N. Y. Sabin, Miss Mary Beekman, 2473 Davidson Avenue, New York City.

Sackett, Mrs. Susan, Millbrook, N. Y. Sadlier, James E., M. D.; Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 1105

Sadlier, Mrs. James E. (Harriet Millspaugh); Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Sage, Mrs. William F., (Cornelia DuBois), Beacon, N. Y. Sague, Mr. James E., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Salberg, Mr. George G., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Sawyer, Miss Harriet, Alumnae House, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Schickle, Mr. William, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Schier, Mrs. Frank (Eva Cuyler Staats), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Schoonmaker, Mr. A. Allendorph, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Schoonmaker, Mrs. A. Allendorph, (Addie Mallory), Poughkeepsie, N.Y. Schrader, Mr. Gustavus A., Beacon, N. Y. Schrader, Mrs. Gustavus A., (Florence Bond), Beacon, N. Y. Schryver, Mr. Henry B., Hyde Park, N. Y. Schryver, Mr. M. V. B., Rhinebeck, N. Y. Schwartz, Mr. John Rupley, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Schwartz, Mrs. John Rupley, (Anne LeFevre Poucher), Poughkeepsie,.

N.Y. Schwartz, Mr. Joseph L., 53 Locust Hill Ave., Yonkers, N. Y. Scofield, Mrs. Frank L., (Maud Round), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Scofield, Mrs. Howard, Beacon, N. Y. Scott, Mr. Walter, Madalin, N. Y. Seaman, Mrs. George, (Irmingarde Van Horn Freeman), Beacon, N. Y..

Sedgwick, Mrs. Dwight R., Freedom Plains, N. Y. See, Mrs. Alonzo B. (Eugenia), 373 Clinton Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. Sheahan, The Rev. Joseph F., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Sheldon, Mrs. Obed, Millbrook, N. Y. Sheldon, Mrs. William H., (Winifred Storm), Salt Point, N. Y. Sherow, Mr. Norman W., 52 Vesey Street, New York City.

Sherwood, Mr. Charles D., Brinckerhoff, N. Y. Sherwood, Mr. Louis, 15 Exchange Place, Jersey City, N. J. Simpson, Mrs. Albert A., (Elizabeth Campbell), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Simpson, Mr. Albert B., R. D. 2, Oswego, N. Y. Simpson, Dr. Reuben Spencer, 65 Broad Street, Lyons, N. Y. Simpson, Mrs. Reuben Spencer, Lyons, N. Y. Simpson, Dr. Robert, R. D. 4, Fulton, N. Y. Sisson, Mr. Harry T., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Sittenham, Mr. William, 49 West 37th St., New York City.

Sittenham, Mrs. William, 49 West 37th St., New York City.

Sleight, Miss Anna Ward, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Sleight, Mr. David Barnes, R. F. D., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Sleight, Mr. Peter Roosevelt, Arlington, N. Y. Slocum, Charles J., M. D.; Beacon, N. Y. Smith, Mr. Bertram L., Beacon, N. Y. Smith, Mrs. Bertram L., Beacon, N. Y. Smith, Mr. De Cost, Amenia, N. Y. Smith, Mr. Grant E., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 106

Smith, Mr. J. Henry, Wassaic, N. Y. Smith, Mr. N. Collins, Amenia Union, N. Y. Smith, Mr. Philip H. Waddell, 642 Grove Street, Sewickley, Pa. Smith, Mr. Robert C., Salt Point, N. Y. Smith, Mrs. Robert C., (Shirley Forman), Salt Point, N. Y. Smith, Mr. William DeGarmo, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Spoor, Mr. Lloyd E., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Spratt, The Hon. George V. L., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Sproul, Mrs. William C., (Emeline Roach), Chester, Pa. Spurling, Mr. Sumner Nash, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Spurling, Mrs. Sumner Nash, (Genevieve Brown), Rhinebeck, N. Y. Stearns, Mr. Vincent D., Beacon, N. Y. Stearns, Mrs. Vincent D., Beacon, N. Y. Steenburg, Mr. Ernest, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Sterling, Mrs. George, Poughquag, N. Y. Stevenson, Mr. Frederick S., 34 Nassau Street, New York City.

Stewart, Mr. Lea La Rue, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Stewart, Mrs. Lea La Rue, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Stockton, Mrs. Sanford D., (Mary H. Hahn), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Storm, Mr. Elton G., Beacon, N. Y. Storm, Mrs. William T. (Charlotte Underhill), Hopewell Junction, N. Y. Stoutenburgh, Miss Elizabeth, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Stringham, Mr. Edward Barnes, Wappingers Falls, N. Y. Stringham, Mrs. Edward Barnes, (Susan Varick Van Wyck),Wappingers Falls, N. Y. Strong, Mr. Jacob H., Rhinebeck, N. Y. Strong, Mrs. Jacob H. (Jennie Underhill Shaw), Rhinebeck, N. Y. Suckley, Miss Margaret L., Rhinebeck, N. Y. Suckley, Mrs Robert B., (Elizabeth P. Montgomery), Rhinebeck, N. Y. Sullivan, Mrs. Albert W. (Mary Spellman), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Swift, Mrs. Albert A., (Gertrude Birdsall), Millbrook, N. Y. Swift, Mrs. Fred H., (Helen Almy), Millbrook, N. Y. Swift, Mrs. Gurdon, Millbrook, N. Y. Taber, Miss Alicia H., Pawling, N. Y. Taber, Mrs. Fred E., (Elizabeth), Pawling, N. Y. Taber, Miss Martha Akin, Pawling, N. Y. Teator, Mr. William S., Upper Red Hook, N. Y. Ten Broeck, Mr. Derrick W., Rhinebeck, N. Y. Thelberg, Elizabeth Burr, M. D., Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Thew, Mr. Martin E., Arthursburgh, N. Y. Thew, Mrs. Martin E., Arthursburgh, N. Y. Thomas, William Sturgis, M. D.; 240 West 71st St, New York City.

Thorne, Mr. Oakleigh, Millbrook, N. Y. Thorne, Mrs. Oakleigh, (Helen S. Stafford), Millbrook, N. Y. Titus, Miss Alice, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 107

Titus, Mr. Henry P., _Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Tobey, M. Earl, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Tobey, Mrs. Earl (Florence Dudley), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Todarelli, Mr. Thomas J., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Tompkins, Mr. E. Lakin, Beacon, N. Y. Tower, Mrs. Joseph T., (Maria Bockee Carpenter), Millbrook, N. Y. Traver, Mr. Merritt H., Rhinebeck, N. Y. Travis, Mr. Everett H., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Triller, Mr. Charles, 109 East 35th Street, New York City.

Trowbridge, Miss Phebe D., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Troy, Mr. Peter H., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Tucker, Mrs. Charles (Diana Adriance) Stormville, N. Y. Underhill, Mrs. Charles M. (Annie Rapelje), Hopewell Junction, N. Y. Upton, Mrs. Edwin C., (Gay Robb), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Vail, Mr. Alonzo H., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Vail, Mrs. Lewis H., (Marietta Dusenbury), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Vail, Mr. Morgan L., Stormville, N. Y. Vail, Mrs. Willard (Gertrude Flagler), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Van Benschoten, Mr. John E., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Van Benschoten, Mrs. John E., (Carolyn L. Butts), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Van de Bogart, Miss Mary, Red Hook, N. Y. Van Der Burgh, Miss Mary, 325 Highland Avenue, Mt. Vernon, N. Y. Vandevoort, Mr. John B., Fishkill, N. Y. Vandewater, Mrs. John H., Hyde Park, N. Y. Van Etten, Mrs. Cornelius S., (Sarah Hill), Rhinebeck, N. Y. Van Houten, Mrs. Frank H., (Lillian Merritt), Beacon, N. Y. Van Houten, Mr. James E., Beacon, N. Y. Van Houten, Mrs. James E., (Stella Rogers), Beacon, N. Y. Van Houten, Mrs. John M., (Mary Brinckerhoff), Beacon, N. Y. Van Kleeck, Mr. Baltus B., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Van Kleeck, Mr. Charles M., 107 East 39th Street, New York City.

Van Kleeck, Mrs. Frank (Sara Sleight), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Van Nest, Major Eugene, Red Hook, N. Y. Van Tyne, Mrs. Robert F., Beacon, N. Y. Van Vliet, Mr. George S., Staatsburg, N. Y. Van Wyck, Miss Edith, Wiccopee, N. Y. Van Wyck, Mr. Edmund, Arlington, N. Y. Van Wyck, Mr. Joseph, Arlington, N. Y. Van Wyck, Mrs. Joseph, (Charlotte Bartlett), Arlington, N. Y. Van Wyck, Mrs. K. V. S., Murray Hill Hotel, New York City.

Verplanck, Mr. Bayard, Beacon, N. Y. Verplanck, Mrs. Samuel, (Katherine R. Wolcott), Beacon, N. Y. Verplanck, Mr. William E., Beacon, N. Y. 108

Vigeant, Vincent, Vincent, Vincent,

Joseph E., M. D.; Red Hook, N. Y. Mrs. Ralph, Millbrook, N. Y. Mr. Thomas 0., Millbrook, N. Y. Mrs. Thomas 0., (Lena Botsford), Millbrook, N. Y.

Waldo, Miss Helen, Hopewell Junction, N. Y. Wallace, Miss Levinia, Hyde Park, N. Y. Ware, Miss Caroline, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Waterman, Mrs. George B., (Katherine B. Hawley), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Watts, Mrs. James T. (Edith L.), 4425 Ashland Avenue, Chicago.

Webb, The Hon. J. Griswold, Hyde Park, N. Y. Webber, Mrs. Jacob (Mary E.), Haddon Hall, Green Cove Springs, Fla. Wells, Miss Caroline Thorn, Rhinebeck, N. Y. Wettereau, Mr. William N., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Wey, Mrs. Agnes T., Rhinebeck, N. Y. Wey, Mrs. William F., (Eliza Traver), Rhinebeck, N. Y. Weyant, Mr. Morrison V. R., Hyde Park, N. Y. Weyant, Mrs. Morrison V. R., Hyde Park, N. Y. Wheaton, Mr. Isaac Smith, Lithgow, Amenia, N. Y. Wheaton, Mrs. Isaac Smith, (Ilelen M. Fairchild), Lithgow, Amenia, N.Y. Wheeler, Mrs. Everett P., (Alice Gilman), New Hamburgh, N. Y. White, Mrs. Albert W., LaGrangeville, N. Y. White, Miss Annie D., Wappingers Falls, N. Y. White, Mrs. Charles H., Wappingers Falls, N. Y. White, Miss Frances E., 2 Pierpont Place, Brooklyn, N. Y. White, Mrs. Henry S., (Mary W. Gleason), Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Wiberly, Mr. George, 52 Waller Avenue, White Plains, N. Y. Wilber, Mr. David N., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Wilber, Mrs. David N., (Elizabeth Howe), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Wilbur, Mr. Daniel Webster, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Wilbur, Mrs. Daniel Webster, (Mary G. Conklin), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Wilbur, Mr. James B., Sharon, Conn.

Wilcox, Mr. E. P., 59 West 85th St., New York City and Stanfordville, N.Y. Willis, Mrs. William H., Hughsonville, N. Y. Wilson, John S., M. D.; Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Wintringham, Mr. H. C., Millerton, N. Y. Wodell, Miss Katherine, Millbrook, N. Y. Wodell, Miss Katherine Hall, 80 Hillhouse Ave., New Haven, Conn.

Wodell, Mr. Silas, Millbrook, N. Y. Wodell, Mrs. Silas, (Ethel Paul), Millbrook, N. Y. Workman, Mr. William J., New Hamburgh, N. Y. Worrall, Mr. George, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Worrall, Mrs. George, (Mary Lake), Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 1()9

Wyant, Mrs. A. L., Red Hook, N. Y. Wylie, Miss Laura Johnson, Ph.D.; Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Zabriskie, Mrs. Andrew C., (Frances Hunter), Barrytown, N. Y.

Members Lost by Death 1926 - 1927 Mrs. Henry W. Avis Joseph N. Badeau Samuel H. Brown Miss Julia Carpenter Mark G. Du Bois Pierre E. Du Bois Mrs. John Hackett Miss Sarah E. Ham Miss Alice Hill Gerald Livingston Hoyt Edward Powis Jones Douglas Merritt James Roosevelt Roosevelt Miss Lucy Maynard Salmon Mrs. Charles D. Sherwood Miss Mary Tower

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