Professional Studies 2

A PARASITIC IN [ STILL ] ATION PS2 PORTFOLIO: ADAM CHOWN, BEN SAYERS, DAN CRUSE

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CONTENTS

01 CONTEXT

AN INTRODUCTION ...................................................................

THE GIN INDUSTRY.... ...............................................................

SITE HISTORY & MASTERPLANS ................................................

HERITAGE & BUILDING CONDITION.............................................

02 RE-USE

SITE CONSTRAINTS ...................................................................

SITE OPPORTUNITIES ................................................................

REINA SOFIA CASE STUDY ........................................................

RE-USE STRATEGY ....................................................................

FORMAL ARRANGEMENT PRECEDENTS .......................................

03 DEVELOPMENT

PROGRAMME DEVELOPMENT ....................................................

DEFINING FIELDS & LINES ........................................................

CIRCULATION AND DAYLIGHT IMPLEMENTATION ..........................

FIELDS BASED RULES & MASSING ............................................

THRESHOLD TREATMENT ...........................................................

03 04 05 06

07 08 09 10 11

12 13 14 15 16

04 PROPOSAL

LOCATION PLAN .......................................................................

PLANS .....................................................................................

ISOMETRIC VIEW .....................................................................

LONG SECTIONS/ELEVATION .....................................................

SHORT SECTIONS/ELEVATIONS .................................................

05 DETAIL

CONSTRUCTION ISOMETRIC VIEW .............................................

STRUCTURAL LOAD PATHS ........................................................

CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE & PLAN OF WORK ..........................

BUILDING REGULATION DRAWINGS ...........................................

ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS .......................................................

06 VISUALISATION

VISUAL - THE BAR ....................................................................

VISUAL - THE RESTAURANT .......................................................

VISUAL - EXTERNAL ..................................................................

VISUAL WALKTHROUGH ............................................................

17 18 19 20 21

07 LOGISTICS

GLULAM STRUCTURE ................................................................

ADAPTIVE FACADE BUILD-UP .....................................................

STRUCTURAL SENSITIVITY .........................................................

BUILDING CONDITION SPECIFIC RESPONSE ................................

31 32 33 34

08 CONCLUSION

GROUP/INDIVIDUAL REFLECTION .............................................. 35 22 23 24 25 26 Interactive PDF

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References/Links

Conclusions/Tabs

Pop-out Features

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CONTEXT

PROJECT INTRODUCTION

IT STARTED WITH A GIN… It all began at 1.30am on a wet and cold February evening in Manchester. Whilst she sat alone minding the coats, he was a spare wheel to his two friends. From across the room he spotted her and offered to buy her a drink. Her response was sweet and simple, “a G&T”. Over the next hour they sat discussing everything from travelling the world to their favourite foods. Oh and not to forget, their love of gin.

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CONTEXT THE HISTORY OF GIN THE GIN INDUSTRY

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Production of gin dates back to the 1100s, and has a rich history of providing medicinal properties for curing diseases. Beyond the 1700s, gin started to be enjoyed for it’s taste and alcohol content, eventually leading to the ‘gin boom’ we’re currently experiencing.

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Arabs began distilling moving to Europe

CONCLUSION

Early medicines - use of juniper due to diuretic properties Juniper started to be used to ward off the plague

Spread of juniper flavoured spirits, first evidence of gin recipes in 1552.

Gin driking First American Tanqueray and abused in London.

Dry Gin Gordons Merge Vodka outgrows Gin Gin introduced Tanqueray Beefeater Bombay Sapphire U.S. Prohibition to England.

Established Launched Established

The rise of the microdistillery

The Gin Boom

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CONTEXT

Railway & Tram Line

Housing Ring Road

Roads

Railway/Tram Stations Car Parks

Mixed Use Institutions

Heritage River/Canal

Site Boundary Castlefield St John Street Deansgate St Peters Square Buildings

Open Space

SITE HISTORY & MASTERPLANS

Future

Great Northern Warehouse Built Manchester Central Railway Station Built

CONCLUSION

Great Northern Warehouse Closed, and Converted to Car Park Undercroft Started Being Used for Storage

Manchester Central Used for Car Parking Manchester Central Railway Closed

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The Great Manchester Exhibition Centre Opened

New Planning Discussions for Central Station

Manchester Great Northern Warehouse Masterplan Proposal

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Heritage Document

Undercroft Subdivided into Numerous Commercial Uses

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CONTEXT

HERITAGE & BUILDING CONDITION

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Precedent Study - Whitworth Street Arches Heritage Construction Treatment Condition Guidelines - Watson Street Building Condition Required Outcomes

Brickwork Condition

Much of the arches brick work is dicoloured and areas of the mortar are starting to fall away - they are in need of minor repairs.

Mismatch Brickwork

There are differences in brick colour as some areas are newer than others. meaning the red brick infills on the external arches are not listed.

Existing Window Condition

The external windows that form part of the new brick infills are small and do not allow sufficient light into the arches. As these windows are part of the brick infills they are not listed and can be removed.

Internal Fabric

Some areas of the internal fabric has been painted and would require cleaning to retain the previous redbrick finish.

CONCLUSION

As the building has been neglected in recent years, areas of the arches are falling into disrepair and will need to be restored within the accordance of historic england conservation guidelines.

Watson St Arches

The internal fabric has been damaged through the arches having used for mixed purposes.

However the client would like to expose maximal existing brickwork.

Restoring Fabric

Disrepair

All effort should be toward celebrating the existing arches, creating a strategy that showcases and compliments them.

Existing Stone Floor

The existing floor is a concrete screed of varying levels and are part of the listed classification.

Replacing DPM

The current arches have an old damp proofing system in place and as a result have been susceptable to damp, causing patches throughout the arches.

Listed Arches

The transverse arches are also part of the listed building and should be restored accordingly.

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RE-USE

SITE CONSTRAINTS

CONCLUSION

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RE-USE

SITE OPPORTUNITIES

CONCLUSION

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RE-USE

REINA SOFIA CASE STUDY INSTALLATION

INSERTION

INTERVENTION

Corner

Wall

Gate

Hat

Parasite

Roof

Underground

Joint

Transition

Bridge

Skin

New Interior

Divider

Alignment

Umbrella

Filter

Boundary

Infill

Feature

Glue

Disalignment

The connection between the building elements and the human interaction is found within the fluidity of the roof. As the roof changes shape it creates new spaces, some more intimate than others that the user can interact with.

SURFACE

The new roof proposed by Jean Nouvel acts as the plane for this project, as it creates new spaces through different methods. Without this roof the seperate elements would feel isolated and lack connectivity with the existing hospital building.

PLANES

The statue situated in the internal courtyard space boasts the exhibition space of the museum and is used as the centre piece for the project - all circulation routes pass through this space. All public activites tend to take place around this statue.

OBJECT

The focal point within Reina Sofia Museum is the open plan gallery spaces that provides a connection between the existing structures, new enclosed spaces and cultural elements. This element of the building is the heart of the project and connects all the spaces.

The circulation, gallery spaces and courtyards are all enclosed by the new roof, which acts as an umbrella over these spaces.

To counteract this, roof lights have been located above these spaces to flood the areas below with the correct amount of daylight specific to the functions held within.

OPENINGS LIGHT

These sculptural glass towers, that are now known to be a defining element of the Museum are also key circulation routes throughout the existing building. These have now become important focal point for the projects as well as their function.

MOVEMENT

PARTI

GEOMETRY

MASSING

HIERARCHY

STRUCTURE

SYMMETRY & BALANCE

PLAN TO SECTION/ELEVATION

ADDITIVE/SUBTRACTIVE

CIRCULATION & USED SPACE

REPETITIVE vs UNIQUE

NATURAL LIGHT

OBJECT & ENVIRONMENT

CONCLUSION

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10 RE-USE

RE-USE STRATEGY

Corner

Wall

Gate

Hat

Parasite

Roof

Underground

Joint

Transition

Bridge

Skin

New Interior

Divider

Alignment

Umbrella

Filter

Boundary

Infill

Feature

Glue

Disalignment

Re-use strategy opportunities allowed by the SITE and BUILDING TYPOLOGY

TOP DOWN/BOTTOM UP APPROACH

User

Narr a

ion

nit Defi

IMPLEMENTED APPROACH

tive

Research/Design Iterations

e

mm

Research/Design Iterations

ra Prog

Dayl

n

atio

l Circu

ight

s Field

Programme Outcome

User Defined Design e

m ram Prog

Para s

nd grou r e d Un

ite

User Defined Design

Programme Outcome Hat

CONCLUSION

e

d Faca

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11 RE-USE

PRECEDENTS FOR FORMAL ARRANGEMENT

The form in which the building takes follows the required function of users. following on from the previous study of reuse formal analysis, case studies can be used to assist in the design process of these spaces.

Features such as walls, underground, new interior and parasite will all be explored critically in order to assess its practicality on Watson street.

Al-Bahr Adaptive Facade AHR Controlling levels of light and privacy throughout the building will be a key application. principles from this solar adaptive facade can be duplicated to suit our needs.

WALL

Joanneum Museum Nieto Sobejano Arquitectos The Joanneum Museum presents an interesting dynamic with the streetscape.

By opening the underground up to the street, it encourages interaction with the external environment from two faces.

UNDERGROUND

Stadtpfarrkirche St. Marien Klaus Block Architects The redevelopment of the church is sensitive to the existing skin which sits lightly with it’s materiality, while providing a new interior library to encourage usage of the building.

Bombay Sapphire Distillery Heatherwick Studio

PARASITE CONCLUSION

The use of a parasite to ‘spill’ out from a facade can influence our project similar to Bombay Sapphire’s extension, by using a fluid architectural language to do so.

NEW INTERIOR

Host

Parasite MUTUALISM

Benefit (+)

Benefit (+)

alism

s Commen

Neutral (=)

tism

si Para

Neutralism

Neutral (=)

lism

Amensa Harmed (-)

Competition

Harmed (-)

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12 DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME DEVELOPMENT 1 - Entrance/Restaurant 2 - Bar Seating 3 - Restaurant 4 - Gin Tasting/School 5 - Still Room 6 - Bar 7 - Kitchen 8 - Toilets 9 - Office/Storage 10 - Production

Spaces Categorised into Public/Private Spatial Purpose Connections

3 - Restaurant The restaurant spans the width of three bays and the seating is intentionally found outside of the existing arch structure and within the newly proposed parasite structure. This was for the intention of allowing the user experience spaces to be well lit, utilising the fully glazed faรงade. The faรงade treatment also includes an adaptive faรงade system that has the ability to provide solar shading where necessary, and in doing so, paints a experiential area with contrasting light and shade.

Within the restaurant area the seating mimics the contours found within the parasite structure to continue the design language throughout.

Spatial Usage

4 - Gin Tasting/School Appropriately situated opposite the distillery room, the space offers two tables in a classroom situation that will enable and gin tasting masterclasses, schools and workshops held by Manchester Gin. The space is separated from the corridor by a curtain walling system that allows for uninterrupted views across the hall into the distillery room so users can experience the production of gin as they are tasting and learning.

Restaurant Bar Gin Tasting/School Distillery Tour Kitchen Bar Staff Office Production

5 - Still Room The distillery room houses three gin stills named Wendy, Victoria and Wonder Wend. These machines are the heart of the project and allow for everything else to function accordingly. This space has been pushed out into the streetscape to allow for the stills to be celebrated by the public, allowing for viewing into the still room from inside and outside the building.

1 - Entrance/Restaurant The entrance space to the parasitic installation in the Watson Street arches is found through and external installation of timber fins that blur the boundary between public and private, internal and external, and therefore offer a more inviting entrance space. These external fins provide a sense of arrival to the building, although purely aesthetic, and help connect the building to its landscape. On arrival customers would be greeted in a small foyer space which opens out into the fluid user experience.

Adjacency Diagram Disabled

Walk in Fridge/Freezer Store

Pot Wash

Ice Machine

Male

Store

Female Plant

Staff Storage

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8

7

Staff WC Stills

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IBC H2O Office Space

IBC R/O

IBC Ethanol

Cooling System Mixing Tank

4

Pallets 9 3

1

10

Bottling Machine

7 - Kitchen 8 - Toilets

5 Vehicle Loading

2 - Bar Seating Situated opposite the bar, this is a space that is dedicated to solely drinking as there would typically be a divide between the drinking and eating experiences found in niche bars and distilleries.

There is also a buffer provided between the edge of the bar seating and the bar itself, providing a wider corridor width in aid of busy weekend and peak serving times.

2

9 - Office/Storage The office spaces that house the staff and manager are street facing and the arch is fitted with a curtain walling system to provide a well-lit working environment to promote well-being and productivity. This is counterbalanced with a vertical louvre system that provides privacy from the streetscape and solar shading.

10 - Production The production room, in Arch 15, houses all the specialty equipment needed for the gin making process, including all alcohols, machinery and botanicals. This arch is fitted with a 2.2m x 2.2m door that leads onto the delivery yard for distribution purposes.

Zonal Floor Plan 7

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6

4

9 1

3 2

CONCLUSION

6 - Bar The bar is found in Arch 11, at the centre of the user drinking and dining experiences and is carefully situated within the contours of the baffles to allow for the feel as if it was forged within them. The reason for this was to further push the design language and create a unique and interesting bar that would drive sales and interest in the Manchester area.

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DEVELOPMENT

ASSEMBLIES

FELT

MOSAIC

TWIGS

DEFINING FIELDS AND LINES

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Acco

Bloc k

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The field condition implies an architecture that admits change, accident and improvisation. It is an architecture not invested in durability, stability and certainty, but an architecture that leaves space for the uncertainty of the real. - Stan Allen.

COLLISION

LOOSE GRID

BLOCK

Zon

STRIATED 3

FIELD VECTORS

OPEN CLUSTER

s

t

Iden

l

stitia

ter d/In

i

/Vo

Solid

1 PATCHWORK 2

Vect o

es

pac ey S K y if

Mos

dy l Stu atia

aic

Sp

STRIATED 2

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L ned Refi is

Clus

alys

An gent

ter

A

PATCHWORK

FIELD VECTORS

CLUSTER

2

STRIATED

Defi

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1

- ACCOMMODATION PROGRAMME 7

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6

The development of fields design implementation will follow the path outlined above. The zonal floor plan initiates the first phase of our fields study.

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3 2

CONCLUSION

n

n

r Pla

loo ed F

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The first stage follows on from identifying key spatial definitions. We can now start to extract information from zonal floor plans using fields; the spaces will be given a specific ‘weight’ in accordance of user interaction, which will be a key indication of how large volumes are required to be.

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14 DEVELOPMENT

CIRCULATION & DAYLIGHT IMPLEMENTATION

CONCLUSION

The following digram sequences show our progression in utilising fields in application with our design. The first stage led on from outlining the accommodation programme. By combing the results with studies of natural light in the building, we were able to extract zonal plans which would ultimately influence how our parasite wrapped around and amongst the site.

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15 DEVELOPMENT

FIELD BASED RULES & MASSING

CONCLUSION

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DEVELOPMENT THRESHOLD TREATMENT

The parasite aims to act as a constant merging zone between public and private, and in doing so, takes form of morphing shapes. The inclusion of exterior baffles which extend out from the inteior allow for a blurred boundary between public and private and ultimately creates an accessible community within the city streetscape.

PRIVATE CONCLUSION

PUBLIC

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PROPOSAL

LOCATION PLAN @ 1:500

KEY: Pedestrian Access Bridge to Great Northern Warehouse - 1 Existing Car Park - 2 Proposed Building Intervention - 3 Proposed Botanical Garden - 4 Pedestrianisation of Watson Street - 5 Great Bridgewater Street - 6 Pedestiran Footpath Above Arches - 7 Manchester Central (GMEX) - 8 Pedestrian Access To Deansgate Tram Stop - 9

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18 PROPOSAL PLANS @ 1:200

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

1. Kitchen 2. Cocktail Bar 3. Disabled W.C 4. Male W.C 5. Female W.C 6. Tasting Room / Gin School 7. Cellar / Store 8. Plant / Server Room

9. Staff W.C 10. Packing Room 11. Managers Office 12. Staff Office 13. Distillery Room 14. Drinking / Dining Experience 15. Botanicals Garden 16. Delivery Bay

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PROPOSAL ISOMETRIC VIEW

The isometric view shows our intent on respecting the existing heritage of the site.

While the installation may take the shape of the structure, the internal faces of the arches are not touched in order to maintain it’s character.

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20 PROPOSAL

LONG SECTIONS/ELEVATION

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21 PROPOSAL

SHORT SECTIONS/ELEVATIONS

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22 DETAIL

CONSTRUCTION ISOMETRIC VIEW

INTERACTIVE SECTION

23 DETAIL

STRUCTURAL LOAD PATHS

EXISTING FORCE LOADS DIAGRAM As there are no significant structures above the arches the force that will be applied to the primary and secondary structure is a uniformly distributed load (UDL) as can be seen in the diagram the UDL is applied evenly along the top surfaceof the arches. The force is then distributed evenly across the transverse arches and down toward the foundations at ground level.

PROPOSED FORCE LOADS DIAGRAM As there is no physical connection to the existing arches the glulam structure will disperse the forces applied upon itself via the primary framing elements but also the secondary baffles, as can be seen the load will travel along the glulam column until it reaches the secondary structure. At this point the load will be dispersed along two different paths much like the way in which the existing arches disperses force. these forces are then taken down to the foundation level.

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24 DETAIL

Client Developer

CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE & PLAN OF WORK Design

SUPPORTING TEXT 01

02

03

Tender Pack

Tender

04

05

06 Adjustments of Tender

07

08

09

Concluding Contract

Construction

10

11

12

Final Account

Completed Project

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25 DETAIL

BUILDING REGULATION DRAWINGS

PART B

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26 DETAIL

ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS

The following ventilation strategy uses the spaces between and above the timber baffles to transport warm air out of the building .

A key heating strategy of underfloor heating is allowed by the raising of the finished floor level in the proposed scheme. The introduction of cool air through weep vents in the glazed facade allows the implementation of night cooling if necessary, while also providing an alternative ventilation strategy

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27 VISUALISATION THE BAR

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28 VISUALISATION THE RESTAURANT

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29 VISUALISATION EXTERNAL

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30 VISUALISATION WALKTHROUGH

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31 LOGISTICS

GLULAM STRUCTURE GLULAM TO COMPARTMENT WALL

GLULAM TO GROUND

The glulam forming the primary structure comprises of five key details. Due to our intentions of sensitively impacting the existing structure, the glulam to floor details at both ends of the span allow for a shadow gap to aesthetically appear sensitive as well as structurally.

GLULAM TO COMPARTMENT WALL

The glulam allows for a fully self supporting structure within the arches, which means that it must support secondary structure - transverse baffles, while also connecting with curtain walling.

GLULAM TO GROUND

GLULAM BEAM TO COLUMN

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32 LOGISTICS ADAPTIVE FACADE

The use of the adaptive facade allows for solar shading on an automatic basis, therefore the main benefit being that it doesn’t have to be operated to create optimal internal environments. It comprises of three shields which can contract and relax in accordance with direct or indirect sunlight.

1. Circular Steel Beam 2. Timber Baffle 3. Adaptive Facade Unit 4. Timber Upstand 5. Hidden Gutter 6. Brick Arch 7. Steel Fixing Plate

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33 LOGISTICS

STRUCTURAL SENSITIVITY Our response to the historic Watson street arches was to simply highlight them and use our intervention to frame all of the beautiful pieces of architecture, such as the transverse arches or the weathered brick work. To achieve this, we decided a light weight timber frame that would not touch the arches but simply marry up close enough to form a relationship with the existing structure.

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34 LOGISTICS

BUILDING CONDITION SPECIFIC RESPONSE

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Reference to details below

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35 CONCLUSION

INDIVIDUAL & GROUP REFLECTION

GROUP REFLECTION

INDIVIDUAL REFLECTION

The project successfully responds to the brief by presenting a bottom-up, user-oriented design, rather than implementing a top-down approach, in which the existing structure restricts user activity.

This project has provided me with opportunities to expand my knowledge of a conservation design process and a series of computational tools, both of which I will bring forward into my architectural education and career. Furthermore, being able to work in a group and undertake new responsibilities that I was not able to do in PS1, has really helped me progress my understanding of a design project and what it would be like to develop a design with in an architectural team.

Overcoming this project as a group has been a rewarding process, as we have all developed skills in communication, team work and organisation. Collaboratively, the group has worked positively and we’ve each expanded our ability to utilise our strengths to progress our ideas collectively. After PS1 submission, we each reflected upon our involvement in the project and aimed to tackle a more diverse range of elements of the design’s development.

Adam remained in control of the project’s collation, while undertaking aspects of the conceptual modelling progression. Ben led the BIM design stage, utilising his strengths in building regulation knowledge, while also developing the building programme from feasibility stage. Dan concentrated on developing an understanding for heritage constraints while also focussing on the build-up of materiality.

While we’ve each individually aimed to focus on developing key aspects of our design methods, the tasks undertaken have been a collaborative effort in order to avoid hindering our overall development as architectural designers.

Being introduced to computational design theories and software such as: Fields, Grasshopper, Rhino and Maya has allowed me and insight into architectural design from a new perspective, applying these theories to a project has allowed me to understand how macro-scale approaches can be applicable in architectural projects and the benefits they can have on design. I feel that this project although on a smaller scale, has really challenged my knowledge of both conservation and computational design and provided an interesting task into how to incorporate both approaches into the project.

Moving forward I would like to learn further about the theory of computational design and how it can be applicable within architecture in order to apply them further into my design strategies. It is of my belief that this project has provided me with tools that I can apply to all stages and aspects of my architectural career and has provided the foundations for my next academic year