BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT
BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT OF FOREST AREAS
CHILIKA LAKE Chilika Lake is one of the hotspots of biodiversity in Ganjam. It is the largest wintering ground for migratory water-fowl found anywhere on the Indian subcontinent Chilika 4 types of crocodiles,24 types of mammals, 37 types of reptiles and amphibians are seen. Some rare, vulnerable and endangered species listed in the IUCN Red List of threatened animals inhabit the Lake area.Like Irrawady dolphins, Barakudia limbless skink, Fishing cat, White bellied Sea eagle, White spoonbill, Osprey and Spoon billed sandpiper.
FAUNA
12 27 153 161 169 192 212 213 268 287 387 394 412 457 464
Low Diversity (0-150 of species count)
Barhgarhi RF Hukuma RF Malati RF Karaohul RF Rambha RF Jagnnathprasd RF
47 135 191 213 489 571
Paralakhemundi Sub Division
Pakirhi RF Rambha RF Athagarha PF Karaohul RF Kriamba RF Hukuma RF Barhgarhi RF Ragarha RF Barhgarhi RF
Medium Diversity (151350 of species count)
High Diversity (>350 of species count)
Low Diversity (0-150 of species count) Medium Diversity (151350 of species count) High Diversity (>350 of species count)
37 56 67 187 329 351 432 476
Medium Diversity (151350 of species count)
287
Medium Diversity (151350 of species count)
Low Diversity (0-150 of species count)
High Diversity (>350 of species count)
Forest Name
No of Rare Species
Athagarha PF Gaida RF Kriamba RF Ramapalli RF Mayuranancha RF Barhgarhi RF Banamari RF Ambilijhar RF Karakhol RF Nakoi Block PF Rushimal RF Tumba RF Sandabhuja RF Tangiri RF Singraju RF
0 0 0 0 3 6 11 12 12 14 37 39 41 46 48
Barhgarhi RF Malati RF Hukuma RF
0 12 15
Karaohul RF
16
Jagnnathprasd RF Rambha RF
47 54
Athagarha PF Rambha RF Pakirhi RF Karaohul RF Kriamba RF Hukuma RF Barhgarhi RF Ragarha RF
0 0 5 28 33 36 39 49
Paralakhemundi Sub Division
Barhgarhi RF
0
BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT OF CHILLIKA LAKE
Sensitivity
Low Sensitivity (0-15 of rare species count)
Division
Forest Name
No of Endangered Species
Berhampur Forest Sub Division
Mayuranancha RF Athagarha PF Barhgarhi RF Kriamba RF Gaida RF Ramapalli RF Banamari RF Karakhol RF Ambilijhar RF Nakoi Block PF Tangiri RF Rushimal RF Sandabhuja RF Tumba RF Singraju RF
Division
Ambilijhar RF Athagarha PF Barhgarhi RF Kriamba RF Nakoi Block PF Mayuranancha RF Gaida RF Banamari RF Karakhol RF Ramapalli RF Tumba RF Rushimal RF Sandabhuja RF Tangiri RF Singraju RF
0 0 0 0 0 2 9 12 12 15 23 27 29 36 39
Barhgarhi RF Hukuma RF Malati RF Rambha RF
0 0 0 0
Karaohul RF
18
Jagnnathprasd RF
39
Hukuma RF Karaohul RF Pakirhi RF Ragarha RF Rambha RF Athagarha PF Kriamba RF
0 0 0 0 0 5 15
Low Sensitivity (0-15 of Endangered species count)
18
Medium Sensitivity (1630 of Endangered species count)
11
Low Sensitivity (0-15 of Endangered species count)
High Sensitivity (>35 of rare species count)
Low Sensitivity (0-15 of rare species count) Medium Sensitivity (1635 of rare species count) High Sensitivity (>35 of rare species count) Low Sensitivity (0-15 of rare species count) Medium Sensitivity (1635 of rare species count) High Sensitivity (>35 of rare species count) Low Sensitivity (0-15 of rare species count)
Ghumsur North Forest Division
Diversity of species
Ghumsur South Forest Division
No of Species
Ghumsur North Forest Division
Forest Name
3. Endangered Species
Berhampur Forest Sub Division
The floral diversity of the hill includes 642 species of flowering plants which is 35% of the flora of Orissa. It is rich with medicinal plants and orchids. The hilly terrain, endowed with dense tropical semi-evergreen forests, composes a unique ecological marvel in harbouring the genetic diversity.
Division
Ghumsur South Forest Division
FLORA
2. Rarity of Species
Berhampur Forest Sub Division
The forest of Mahendragiri hills falls mainly under (a) Tropical moist deciduous & (b) Tropical dry deciduous type. The vegetation can be classified broadly into four types as Sal Forest, Mixed Deciduous Forest, Scrub Forest & Grasslands. Mahendragiri may be recognised as a biosphere reserve as well as a heritage site. All kinds of eco-development activities including eco-tourism, tourism would be allowed in the periphery as well as the transition zones.
1. Species Diversity
Ghumsur North Forest Division
MAHENDRAGIRI HILLS
Ghumsur South Forest Division
MAJOR BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS OF GANJAM
13
Barhgarhi RF
Paralakhemundi Sub Division
Barhgarhi RF
Sensitivity
Low Sensitivity (0-15 of Endangered species count)
Medium Sensitivity (1630 of Endangered species count) High Sensitivity (>30 of Endangered species Low Sensitivity (0-15 of Endangered species count) Medium Sensitivity (1630 of Endangered High Sensitivity (>30 of Endangered species count)
BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT OF SPECIAL BREEDING SITE
FAUNA
- 800 species of fauna
24 mammalian species were reported. 37 species of reptiles and amphibians are also reported. “Tiger Crab” is the most important species and occurs in greater nos. The Irrawaddy Dolphin is the flagship species of chilika lake & only 2 lagoons in the world are home to this species .
ENDANGERED SPECIES
PARAMETERS
Species Diversity
NO OF SPECIES
652
Dolphin Habitat Rarity of Species
42
SPECIES AT RISK Endangered Species
36
Historical Significance
126
SENSITIVITY HIGH(<150=low,151 350=medium,>350 =high) HIGH (<15=low,1635=medium,>350= high) HIGH (<15=low,1530=medium,>30=hi gh) HIGH (<50=low,51100=medium,>100 =high)
ES Zone
PARAMETERS Species Diversity
Rarity of Species
An overall 726 species of flowering plants belonging to 496 genera and 120 families. This represents about one–fourth of the vascular plant species of the Odisha state with 2900 species.
Aquatic Vegetation 1.
2.
3.
Emergent Submerged Floating forms
Source: Chilika: an Integrated planning framework for wise use, 2012
INTEGRATED REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL PLAN- GANJAM 2041
Source: http://odishawildlife.org/.html,http://www.wildlife.odisha.gov.in/, https://www.downtoearth.org.in.
Lakhs of endangered Olive Ridley turtles flocked the Rushikulya river mouth for their annual mass nesting in Odisha’s Ganjam district. Odisha is the largest mass nesting site for Oliver Ridleys in the world.
2
LOW(<150=low,151350=medium,>350= high)
1
LOW (<15=low,1635=medium,>350=h igh)
Endangered Species
1
Historical Significance
1
ES Zone
ES - III
LOW(<15=low,1530=medium,>30=hi gh) LOW (<50=low,51100=medium,>100= high)
ISSUES OF THE ECO SENSITIVITY ZONES
Improved Forest Extent and Condition on forest lands and tree cover which were recognized as Reserve Forest Areas. Higher allocations, investment, insurance and incentives for better forest management. Chilika Lake is the largest brackish water lake with estuarine character that sprawls along the east coast of India. Also this lake is a highly productive ecosystem, with rich fishery resources.
LULC & BIODIVERSITY
SENSITIVITY
ES - I
POTENTIAL OF THE ECO SENSITIVITY ZONES
FLORA
NO OF SPECIES
Many of the existing Protected Areas have already undergone tremendous development in close vicinity to their boundaries. Areas with forest fire spark human-wildlife conflict. Especially Elephants, wild boars have started coming out of forests on fire. Freshwater flow from streams and rivers turned the Chilika into a freshwater lake. Invasive freshwater weeds proliferated silt by rivers made the lake even shallower.
Deena Harikrishna | Puloma Dept. of Planning | MEPM | III Sem | Batch 2020-22
