Figure 10.9 : Temporary Housing Structures in Ganjam District

There are 103 disaster shelters in Ganjam District.12 blocks are covered with disaster shelters. Rangeilunda,Chatrapur,Purushottampur,Ganjam,Digapahandi & kallikote has more cyclone shelters.

92 Gps have high percentage of temporary housing structuresThere is a need & awareness of pucca housing scheme in Ganjam district as the district is vulnerable to various disasters.

Figure 10.9 : Temporary Housing Structures in Ganjam District

10.4.8.1 Disaster Preparedness Framework Early Warning Dissemination

o Build regular linkages with emergency operation centers(EOC) at each level o Test Check Equipment at shelter level o Monitor & Transmit updates to EOCs o Supply required information to EOCs

Ensuring Preparedness

o Have a list of Nodal person deployed in the village with contact details o Identification of safer routes & shelters o Build teams from among the task force on Search & Rescue. o Assess preparedness o Test Check-up of equipments

Capacity building

o Understand Local dynamics exposed & vulnerable o Develop DM plan o List of emergency contact Nos. & display it in Centre places. o Participate in the activities of Preparing village Disaster o Programmes & Mock Drills

10.4.8.2 Issues in Ganjam district 1. There are no livestock shelters in the district. Animal safety shelters should be provided in each block. 2. 10 blocks in Ganjam district don’t have temporary shelters. By identifying the suitable land, temporary Shelters should be proposed in these blocks 3. Most Gps have temporary housing structures, there is a need for special housing schemes, and people should be made aware of current housing schemes. 4. There are no services for differently abled persons hence Special task force should be made for differently abled persons who will keep the record of these persons. 5. The most susceptible blocks should have emergency road service for both evacuation and ambulance service. 6. There are no minimum standards available for disaster facility provisions.

11 Industry and Livelihood

11.1 Introduction

Ganjam, once a part of the ancient Kalinga empire, was one of the major trade centres throughout different periods. The Kalingans were a great maritime people. The District Industries Centre, Ganjam came into existence in the year 1978. After establishment of District Industries Centre, various support and services have been provided to prospective entrepreneurs for establishment of Small/ Village and Cottage Industries in the district. Further, the Industrial Policy Resolutions of 1980, 1986, 1989, 1992, 1996, 2001 and 2007 declared by the State Government has provided various incentives to the Small-Scale Industries for their sustained growth. A new IPR-2015 has already been pronounced by the State Government from 24th Aug 2015. In addition to this, Government of India has also declared a number of policy initiatives viz. UAM, e-Biz, etc. for the growth of MSME sector.

The district is well linked with resource and industrial region of Odisha and has abundant water, land and cheap human resource. Besides, the area gets adequate power facility from the State power grids to boost any type of industrial venture. The port facility will also be another facilitator to attract investors to open up new portbased industries in the district. Thus, it has got definite potentiality to become an industrial hub in the eastern region of the State. The industrial- estate of IDCO is also operating in the area and developing industrial clusters to boost micro entrepreneurs. Due to such economic transition, the area is set to move in a dynamic path of development having multiplier effect on development. After full function of the industries, it will trigger a chain effect of development and shall create ample economic and employment opportunities for the district.

Thus, next to agriculture, industry will be the prim over of economy in this area and all other activities will generate from such industrial development in future. It is assumed that this sector will create high employment opportunity in future in respect of production of industrial goods, transportation of industrial inputs and out puts to marketing destinations, service and maintenance of industries, power supply, water and waste management, storage yards, housing and infrastructure development, health, banking and insurance services, marketing and export/import services, industrial training centers, hotels and other service activities. As a result, the

employment opportunity will grow at a very faster rate after full function of industrial complexes. Taking these approaches in to consideration, it is presumed that employment in industrial sector will rise and this trend will continue in future.

Industrial units provide regular employment to more than 51,000 persons as. Medium, small scale, agro-based and cottage industrial units are spread across the district providing opportunities of industrial production and employment. In recent years, emphasis has been given to the Rural Employment Generation Programme (REGP) and Prime Minister’s Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP). In 2008-09, 2,070 new units were established with an estimated employment of 11,691 persons. There are three medium scale industries which have 4,504 employees. A large number of persons are also engaged in auxiliary activities such as transportation, autorepair and servicing, electronics, chemicals and rural-urban facilitation and management and others. Block-wise distribution of number of small-scale units and employment generated. The district has a number of home-based food processing units. People engage themselves in the processing of Badi, Papad, Pickle, Mudki and Muan (made out of puffed paddy and coconut) throughout the year. Since all these products have a good demand, many rural households are engaged in processing, packaging and marketing. The movement concerning women’s empowerment through Self Help Groups (SHG) plays an important role in improving economic conditions of marginalized people. Many SHG are engaged in candle making, tailoring, embroidery, leaf-cup and leaf-plate stitching, honey bee rearing and spice processing. These activities generate supplementary livelihood options.

11.2 Objectives of the study

 To understand the existing scenario of the industrial and manufacturing units along in the district and related livelihood  To analyze the various effects of pollution and its impacts on the environment & people.  To identify and promote high performing units & thrust industries along with boosting domestic & local economy  To evaluate future industrial scenarios to establish the type of industrial growth with assessment of issues, potentials and suitable areas.  To recommend & strategize methods with policies to enhance economy & employment along with improving livelihood & environment.

11.3 Methodology

11.4 Existing Scenario

As per base line report, there are 9921 industrial units operating in the district along with 3 medium and large industrial units. The total employment generated by these industrial units is found to be 27406. Interestingly, the large and medium industries only create 4504 employments where as other small industrial units create 22902