Annex 3. Overview of municipalities

Municipal Administration of Aileu

Aileu lies in the highlands to the south of Díli. It has a population of 54 106, of which 52% are male and 48% are female, and an area of 676 km2, with a demographic density of 80 inhabitants per km2. The capital of the Municipality is also named Aileu. In accordance with last Census 2015, Aileu has a literacy rate of 63%, which for men is 67% and for women 60%. The total dependency ratio is 85, the ageing rate is 20 per 100 young people and the child dependency rate is 71 per 100 people of working-age. The distance to the Capital Díli is 47 km and the Aileu Municipal Administration comprises 4 Administrative Posts, 33 sucos and 139 villages. According to the Census 2015, Aileu has 39.1% of children aged 0–5 years with a birth certificate and 62% of the population speaks Mambai as their mother tongue. In 2014, 23.7% of the population of Aileu lived below the international poverty line, with less than $1.90 a day (2011 PPP).

Municipal Administration of Ainaro

Ainaro is in the southwest part of the country. It has a population of 65 165, of which 51% are male and 49% are female, and an area of 870 km2, with a demographic density of 75 inhabitants per square kilometre. Ainaro has a great abundance of rivers and fertile soil for agriculture. It has a coastal area on the south part of the island, but also mountain ranges, such as the Mount Ramelau (2.960m) which forms the highest peak in the country. In 2014, 28.9% of the population of Ainaro lived below the international poverty line, with less than $1.90 a day (2011 PPP). In accordance with the last Census 2015, Ainaro has a literacy rate of 52%, which for men is 55.8% and for women 48.2%. The total dependency ratio is 113, the rate of population ageing is 19 and the child dependency rate is 95, this means that the dependency of the non-working population, namely children and young people up to 14 years of age, is quite accentuated in comparison to the working-age population. The distance to the Capital Díli is 62 km and the Ainaro Municipal Administration comprises 4 Administrative Posts, 21 Sucos and 131 villages. According with the Census 2015, Ainaro has 34.2% of children aged 0–5 years with a birth certificate and 60% of the population speaks Mambai as their mother tongue.

Municipal Authority of Baucau

Baucau is located on the eastern part of the country, around 130 km from Díli. It is the third biggest city of the country with a population of 126 562 habitants, of which 50% are male and 50% are female, and an area of 1,508 km2, with a demographic density of 84 inhabitants per km2 . Baucau has the country’s biggest international airport (IATA code: NCH) at 6 km from the city, which is now inoperative for commercial flights. The main economic activity of Baucau is agriculture (corn, rice, peanut, coconut, and horticultural crops). With the gradual improvement of the transport system and the provision of electric power, the private sector and the small and medium enterprises are now registering a progressive development. However, in 2014, 20.8% of the population of Baucau lived below the international poverty line, with less than $1.90 a day (2011 PPP). In accordance with last Census 2015, Baucau has a literacy rate of 60%, which for men is 64% and for women 57%. The total dependency ratio is 94 non-working age per 100 working-age

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population, the rate of population ageing is 19 and the child dependency rate is 95, suggesting that there is a large youthful population in relation to the working-age population. The Baucau Municipal Authority comprises 6 Administrative Posts, 59 Sucos and 281 villages. According to the Census 2015, Baucau has 25.6% of children aged 0–5 years from private households with a birth certificate, and 58% of the populations speaks Makassai as their mother tongue.

Municipal Authority of Bobonaro

Bobonaro is located on the western part of the country, and borders Indonesia to the west. It has a population of 99,956 habitants, of which 50% are male and 50% are female, and an area of 1,381km2, with a demographic density of 72 inhabitants per km2. The capital is Maliana, 138 km southwest of Díli. The Bobonaro Municipal Authority comprises 6 Administrative Posts, 50 Sucos and 194 villages. According to the Census 2015, Bobonaro has 34.3% of children aged 0–5 years from private households with a birth certificate, and 43% of the population speak Kemak as their mother tongue. Bobonaro has a literacy rate of 52%, which for men is 64% and for women 48%. The total dependency ratio is 94 people non-working age per 100 working-age population, the rate of population ageing is 25 and the child dependency rate is 76. The Poverty Report of 2014 estimates that some 36.2% of the population live on less than $1.90 a day, so below the international poverty line.

Municipal Administrationof Covalima

Covalima is located on the western part of the country and borders the Bobonaro Municipality and Kabupaten Belu/NTT, Indonesia on the north, the Timor Sea on the south, the Ainaro Municipality on the east and Kabupaten Malaka/NTT, Indonesia on the west. It has a population of 68,863 habitants and an area of 1,207 km2, of which 51% are male and 49% are female, and an area of 1,381km2, with a demographic density of 57 inhabitants per km2. About 41.8% of the population lives below the international poverty line, i.e. for less than $1.90 per day (2011 PPP). The literacy rate is 63%, with the difference between men and women being significant, 68% of the male residents of Covalima are literate, and only 59% of the female residents can read and write. The dependency ratio assumes the value of 85 children and elderly for every 100 people of working age, noting the very young population of Covalima, when analysing the dependency ratio of young people up to 14 years old, which has the value of 68, contrasting with the aging index of only 25 elderly people per 100 people with work age. The capital of Covalima is Suai, 202 km southwest of Díli. The Covalima Municipal Administration comprises 7 Administrative Posts, 30 Sucos and 148 villages. According to the Census 2015, Covalima has 20.3% of children aged 0–5 years with a birth certificate and 45% of the population speaks Bunak as their mother tongue.

Municipal Authorityof Díli

Díli lies on the north coast of the island. It borders the districts of Manatuto to the east, Aileu to the south, Liquiçá to the west and the Sawu Sea to the north. It has a population of 328,666 habitants, of which 52% are male and 48% are female, and a demographic density of 893 inhabitants per km2 . It is the most densely populated municipality in the country and is the

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municipality with the lowest poverty rate, with an estimated rate of 18.9% of the population living below the international poverty line. It is the geographically the smallest municipality, but it is where the national capital is established. The Díli Municipal Authority comprises 5 Administrative Posts, 31 Sucos and 232 villages. According to the Census 2015, Díli has 36.4% of children aged 0–5 years with a birth certificate and 69% of the population residing in Díli speaks Tetum Prasa. Analysing the demographic impact of the nonworking population in relation to the working population, we see that the dependency ratio is 60. Considering the dependency index of children, we conclude that the population under 14 years of age has the greatest impact on the active population. The aging index shows a value of 11 elderly per 100 active people. Of all the municipalities, Díli has the highest literacy rate among its population. 89% of the population is literate, of which 87% are women and 91% are men.

Municipal Authority of Ermera

Ermera has a population of 136,010 habitants, 51% male and 49% female, and an area of 771 km2, with a population density of 176 inhabitants per km2 . The capital is Gleno, 62 km southwest of Díli, the national capital. Among other agricultural practices, Ermera distinguishes itself as one of the major coffee growing areas. In regard to the relation of non-working population to the working population, Ermera has a dependency ratio of 91. Considering the dependency ratio of children, we conclude that the population under 14 years represents the value of 78 children per 100 persons of working age. The aging index shows a value of 17 elderly per 100 active people. Of all the municipalities, Ermera has the lowest literacy rate among its population. Just 48% of the population is literate, of which 42% are women and 48% are men. The Ermera Municipal Authority comprises 5 Administrative Posts, 52 Sucos and 277 villages. According with Census 2015, Ermera has 27.3% of children aged 0–5 years with a birth certificate, and 57% speaks Mambai as their mother tongue. Ermera has the highest poverty rate. 46.8% of the population lives with less than $1.90 per day.

Municipal Administration of Lautém

Lautém lies on the eastern end of Timor Island; it also includes Jaco island. Borders the Wetar Strait on the north, the Timor Sea on the south, the Timor Sea and Arafura Strait on the east with the municipality of Baucau and the municipality of Viqueque. Lautém has a population of 66,909 habitants and an area of 1,813 km2, which has a population density of 37 inhabitants per km2. The capital is Lospalos, 199 km east of Díli. In addition to the official languages of the country, 59% population speaks Fataluku as their mother tongue. The Lautém Municipal Administration comprises 5 Administrative Posts, 34 Sucos and 151 villages. According with Census 2015, Lautém has 34% of children aged 0–5 years from private households with a birth certificate. The child dependency rate is 80. The elderly assumes a dependency ratio of 23 to the working-age population, the total dependency ratio being 98, thus representing a very young population in Lautém. In 2014, 20.8% of the population of Lautém lived below the international poverty line.

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Municipal Administration of Liquiçá

Located on the northern coast of the country, about 32 km from Díli, borders to the North with the Ombai Sea, to the South with the Municipalities of Bobonaro and Ermera, to the East with the Municipality of Díli and to the West with the Municipality of Bobonaro. Liquiçá has a population of 78,700 habitants, of which 51% are male and 49% are female, and an area of 551 km², in which 143 people per km2 are living. The capital of the district is also named Liquiçá. 58% of the population speaks Tokodede. The Liquiçá Municipal Administration comprises 3 Administrative Posts, 23 Sucos and 134 villages. According with Census 2015, Lautém has 36% of children aged 0–5 years with a birth certificate, however the child dependency rate represents 74 children for every 100 people of working age. The total dependency rate is 90, and so we can consider that Liquiçá has a very young population. However, with a poverty rate of 32.9%, in other words, in 100 people, 33 live on less than $1.90 a day.

Municipal Administrationof Manatuto

Manatuto reaches both the south and north coasts of the island. It borders the Strait of Wetar to the north; the municipalities of Baucau and Viqueque to the east; the Timor Sea to the south; and the municipalities of Manufahi, Aileu and Díli to the west. Manatuto has a population of 48,876 (51% male and 49% female) and an area of 1,786 km2, with a populational density of 27 persons per km2. The capital of the district is also named Manatuto. The dependency rate is 91, with the child dependency ratio being the strongest (72), compared to the ageing ratio (27), indicating a very young demographic structure of the population. The Manatuto Municipal Administration comprises 6 Administrative Posts, 31 Sucos and 103 villages. According to the Census 2015, Manatuto has 25.2% of children aged 0–5 years with a birth certificate, and 29% of population speaks Galóli as their mother tongue. The literacy rate is 60%, with men being more literate (64%) than women (56%). The poverty rate is 34.8% of the population living below the international poverty line, according to the latest data.

Municipal Administration of Manufahi

Manufahi is located on the south coast of the island, it borders the district of Manatuto to the east, Aileu to the north, Ainaro to the west and the Timor Sea to the south and is 119 km from Díli. Manufahi has a population of 56,844 inhabitants (52% male and 48% female) and an area of 1,327 km2, with a populational density of 43 persons per km2. The capital of the district is Same and 32% of the population speaks Mambai as their mother tongue. The population is young, which is reflected in the dependency ratio of children per 100 workingage people. There are 70 children under 14 years old per 100 working-age people, while the ageing rate is 27 people over 65 years old per 100 working-age people. However only 23% have childbirth certificate, according to the Census 2015. The poverty rate is 31.1% of the population living below the international poverty line, according with the latest data.

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Municipal Administration of Viqueque

Viqueque is located on the south coast of the island and has a population of 78,599 inhabitants and an area of 1,880km2, in which the population density is 42 inhabitants per km2. The capital of the district is also named Viqueque and is 199 km from Díli. The literacy rate is 56%, men have the highest rate (61%) compared to women (51%), and 41% of the population speaks Makassai as their mother tongue. Viqueque has a young population, which is demonstrated in the number of children per 100 people of working age (79). The ageing ratio has a value of 28, which means that the proportion of the older population in relation to the working-age population is very small. The poverty rate indicates that 24 people out of every 100 live below the international poverty line, i.e. on less than $1.90 a day

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