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GUSTAVE DORE.
<Affemuf&' GiLifion.
THE
DORfi
BIBLE GALLERY CONTAINING
ONE HUNDRED SUPERB ILLUSTRATIONS AND
A PAGE OF EXPLANATORY LETTER-PRESS FACING EACH
'
ILLUSTRATED BY
3
GUSTAVE DORE
PHILADELPHIA
HENRY ALTEMUS 507, 509, 511
and 513 Cherry Street
P* 7^
â&#x20AC;&#x17E;o
Entered according to Act of Congress,
By
in the year 1890,
HENRY ALTEMUS,
in the Office of the Librarian of
Congress
at
Washington, D. C.
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
PREFACE. This volume, as the designs being
in
is
a collection of engravings illustrative of the Bible
from the pencil of the greatest of modern delineators, Gustave Dore.
The
warm
recog-
this collection
has been made, met with an immediate and
and acceptance among those whose means admitted of
no wise diminished since
enjoy
indicates,
title
from which
original work, nition
all
its
it
its
first
for the larger
and ever-widening
expressed want of
this class,
circle
and
That work, however,
to provide a
relating to the
readers people.
;
The aim has been
in its entirety,
is
to introduce subjects of general interest
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; that
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; those most
known
form,
is,
those
familiar to all
taste of the
prefixed a page of letter-press, in narrative
generally a brief analysis of the design.
and often-
felt
work was projected and has been
most prominent events and personages of Scripture
each cut
far too costly
volume of choice and valuable designs upon
the plates being chosen with special reference to the
To
popularity has
was
of M. Dore's admirers, and to meet the
sacred subjects for art-loving Biblical students generally, this carried forward.
its
extended to those who could only
publication, but has even
casually or in fragmentary parts.
purchase, and
its
American
and containing
Aside from the labors of the editor and publishers, the
work, while in progress, was under the painstaking and careful scrutiny* of artists and scholars not directly interested in the undertaking, but It
is
hoped, therefore, that
the appreciative
and
its
still
having a generous solicitude for
general plan and execution
friendly patrons of the great artist,
will
and
render to
those
it
its
success.
acceptable both to
who would wish
possess such a work solely as a choice collection of illustrations upon sacred themes.
to
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
GUSTAVE DORR The
subject of this sketch
and are
3.
still
perhaps, the most original
At an age when most men have
the world has ever known. art,
is,
under the direction and
discipline of their
He
has laid
fields hitherto lying waste,
To
into clearer view
and opened new and shining paths and
and warming them
His delineations of character,
to fuller in
be found by
critics,
and
facile
human
heart.
life.
the different phases of
from the horrible
life,
tendency of
wood and
seems endless
To
laid
treasure-house
that his
one, however, of his
stirs,
and stem satisfied
genius
;
above
his mind.
;
yet dormant,
those
is
ness, perhaps, of
His vistas
a beauty
He
constantly augmenting traits
we
will
there,
(vi)
refer
mayhap, imbibed that deep
has caught the very spell of the wilderness
lie
;
So bold and
all its
his
;
she has
truthful
and
so delicate the tracery of branch
slumbering with repose either
some
is
at once
shadowy glade or
in
rejoicing stream
:
and
own, he spreads a canopy of peerless sky, or a wilder-
angry storm, or peaceful stretches of
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; another kingdom to
fair
the
who would know
so patriarchal the giant boles of his woodland monarch, that the gazer
in
in
mountain-pass and rich ravine, whose variety of form and detail
his countless representations of forest scenery
supreme
may
and romantic passes of the Vosges doubtless developed
There he wandered, and
enchanted eye.
and entranced.
all,
lies
most prominent
ravine, either with glint of lake or the glad, long course of
fell
or
her hand upon him and he has gone forth with her blessing.
minute are
the
powers of Nature.
in the wild
[valley,
to the
the
in
of wealth.
His early wanderings
delight of
to
and, whatever faults
;
useless to attempt a sketch of his various beauties
his wonderful rendering of the
this inherent
and embellished
lustre of his genius, bringing their beauties
rendering of almost every thought that
It is
gems
for the pencil
the public will heartily render their quota of admiration to his magic touch,
them best must seek them with fresh
ever-
where none before had
vistas
grotesque, the grand to the comic, attest the versatility of his powers
his rich
work with
has raised illustrative
subjects tribute to his genius, explored
all
works of the great he has added the
the
He
gifts.
his
and importance before unknown, and has developed capacities
before unsuspected.
won
masters and the schools, he had
increasing wonder and delight at his fine fancy and multifarious
trod.
gifted designer
scarcely .passed their novitiate in
and readers and scholars everywhere were gazing on
brilliant reputation,
art to a dignity
and variously
soft, fleecy
cloud, or
teeming art after the earth has rendered
all
heavens serene and
her
gifts,
a
Paul Gustave Dor6 was born in the city of Strasburg, January
we have no very artistic creations
him
in Paris,
when
1848,
At eleven years
particular account.
— a set
of lithographs, published
native
in his
The
city.
His
actual
first
first
following year found
Labors of Hercules," was given
"
boyhood
his
of age, however, he essayed his
entered as a student at the Charlemagne Lyceum. his fine series of sketches, the
Of
10, 1833.
work began to
in
the public,
through the medium of an illustrated journal with which he was for a long time connected as designer. for
In 1856
were published the
"The Wandering Jew"
—the
showing a perfect abandonment
humorous and grotesque
first
to fancy
cident or suggestion that could possibly
make
With
more
reputation, which
love for nature and his
was a dreamer, and many of he was at home Pilgrimage " and
many is
still
power
more enhanced by
These
also, as
of the scenes of
"
Don
Every
to the horror of
gave the
at once
her varying moods, Dore
the realm of the imagination.
in
in-
subsequent works.
his
for interpreting her in
achievements were
the actual world
in
account
his finest
was
add
effective or
was seized upon and portrayed with wonderful power.
all his
When
the story
— indeed,
fierce battles,
her most forbidding and terrible aspects.
in
young designer a great
highest degree
in the
and supernatural, with
the other weird
;
shipwrecks, turbulent mobs, and nature
the scenes
Contes Drolatiques" and those
illustrations for Balzac's "
witness his designs for "Atala,"
"
But
London
—
Quixote."
taken of the variety of his designs and the
fact
considered that
in
almost
every task he attempted none had ventured before him, the amount of work he accomplished fairly incredible.
To enumerate
the
containing hundreds of illustrations
immense
—
will
tasks he undertook
give
some
— some single
faint idea of his industry.
already mentioned are Montaigne, Dante, the Bible, Milton, Rabelais, Tennyson's
King,"
"The Ancient Mariner," Shakespeare,
Fables," and others
Take one pictures.
of the
of these works
is
— the Dante, La Fontaine, or
labor involved in their production
"
Don Quixote "
is
surprising
" Idyls
of the
;
—and glance at the
but when the quality
properly estimated, what he accomplished seems prodigious.
No
particular
for his reputation rests solely
upon
his
as an illustrator.
Dore's nature was exhuberent and buoyant, and he was youthful as a violinist, and
passion for music, and possessed rare
skill
succeed with his pencil, he could have
won a
He was it,
Besides those
Legende de Croquemitaine," "La Fontaine's
mention need be made of him as a painter or a sculptor,
work
volumes alone
still.
The mere hand
work
"
is
to her
and
He
appearance.
assumed
that,
had he
had a
failed to
brilliant reputation as a musician.
a bachelor, and lived a quiet, retired his art.
it is
in
life
with his mother
His death occurred on January
— married, as he expressed
23, 188,3.
(vii)
LIST
GlISTAVE DORE,
.
.
OF ILLUSTRATIONS,
e
Creation of Eve,
e
.
.
.
The Expulsion from the Garden,
The Murder of Abel,
.... .... 8
Noah Cursing Ham, The Tower of
Babel,
I
2
â&#x20AC;&#x17E;
The Deluge,
Frontispiece
3
4 5
6
Abraham Entertains Three Strangers,
7
The Destruction of Sodom,
8
The Expulsion
9
Hagar
in
of Hagar,
the Wilderness,
io
Trial of the Faith of Abraham,
ii
The Burial of Sarah,
12
.... .... ....
Eliezer and Rebekah, Isaac Blessing Jacob,
Jacob Tending the Flocks of Laban,
.
13
14 15
Joseph Sold into Egypt,
16
Joseph Interpreting Pharaoh's Dream,
17
Joseph Making Himself
Moses
in
Known
to His Brethren.
the Bulrushes,
The War Against
19
....
Gibeon,
Sisera Slain by Jael,
Deborah's Song of Triumph,
Jephthah
Met ( viii
")
18
by His Daughter,
20 21
22 23
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Jephthah's Daughter and
Her
Companions,
IX
24
Samson Slaying the Lion,
25
Samson and Delilah,
26
Death of Samson,
27
Naomi and Her Daughters-in-Law,
28
Ruth and
29
Boaz,
.
The Return of the Ark,
30
Saul and David,
3i
.
David Spares Saul,
32
Death of
33
Saul,
The Death
of Absalom,
34
David Mourning over Absalom,
35
Solomon,
36
....
The Judgment of Solomon,
37
The Cedars Destined for the Temple,
38
The Prophet Slain
39
by a Lion,
Elijah Destroying the Messengers of Ahaziah,
40
Elijah's Ascent in a Chariot of Fire,
4i
The Death of
42
Jezebel,
.
Esther Confounding Haman,
43
Isaiah,
44
The Destruction of Sennacherib's
Host,
45
Baruch,
46
Ezekiel Prophesying,
47
The
Vision of Ezekiel,
.
48
Daniel,
49
The Fiery Furnace,
50
Belshazzar's Feast,
51
Daniel
in
the
Lions' Den,
52
The Prophet Amos,
53
Jonah Calling Nineveh to Repentance,
54
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
X
Daniel Confounding the Priests of Bel,
55
Heliodorus Punished
56
The
....
Nativity,
The Star
in
The Flight
the Temple,
in
the East,
The Massacre
58
.
into Egypt,
57
5*9
.
of the Innocents,
60
Jesus Questioning the Doctors,
61
Jesus Healing the Sick,
62
Sermon on the Mount,
63
Christ Stilling the Tempest,
64
The Dumb Man
65
Christ
The
in
Possessed,
the Synagogue,
66
Disciples Plucking Corn on the Sabbath
Jesus
Walking on the Water,
68
.
Christ's Entry into Jerusalem, Jesus and the Tribute Money,
67
69 70
.
The Widow's Mite,
7i
Raising the Daughter of Jairus,
72
The Good Samaritan,
73
Arrival of the Samaritan at the
The Prodigal
Inn,
Son,
74 75
Lazarus and the Rich Man,
76
The Pharisee and the
77
Jesus and the Jesus,
and the
Woman
Publican,
of Samaria,
Woman Taken
The Resurrection of
in
Adultery,
Lazarus,
78
79 80
Mary Magdalene,
81
The Last
82
Supper,
The Agony
in
the Garden,
Prayer of Jesus
The Betrayal,
the Garden of Olives,
....
in
83
84 85
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
XI
Christ Fainting Under the Cross,
86
The Flagellation,
87
•
The
Crucifixion,
The Close of the The Burial of
.
88
Crucifixion,
89
Jesus,
90
The Angel at the Sepulchre,
91
The Journey to Emmaus,
The
92
Ascension, •
Martyrdom of
St. Stephen,
93
94
Saul's Conversion, 95
Deliverance of St. Peter, ,
96
Paul at Ephesus, 97
.
Paul Menaced by the Jews, «
98
e
«
99
•
•
TOO
Paul's Shipwreck,
Death on the Pale Horse,
CREATION OF EVE. See
HE
Lord God caused a deep sleep
one of
his ribs,
God had
Adam
said,
This
and closed up the
taken from man,
now bone
is
of
my
because she was taken out of man.
and
shall cleave
appropriateness.
in
The
and brings us face
figures
and
The
fall
upon Adam, and he
bones, and flesh of
Therefore
shall
a
my flesh She man leave his :
shall
artist
shows
conceived, and
figure of
in
majestic form, faintly outlined
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;a
and luxuriant
in
still
the
noble conception of him i
be called
father
and
his
mother,
is
told with entire
and glowing beauty of the Garden
profound repose,
him with wonder, while
And Woman,
the man.
and the utmost delicacy of thought,
executed with delicate white
Adam, though
upon
the varied
and he took
flesh."
fine poetic sensibility
Amid
;
which the Lord
rib
made he a woman, and brought her unto
to face with all the freshness, simplicity
debonair, gazes
and. the
flesh instead thereof;
slept
Paradise here depicted, the story of Eve's creation
by the hand of God.
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;beautifully
ground.
to
ii.
unto his wife: and they shall be one
In the scene
just finished
Genesis
in
foliage are three
luminous
touches upon a pale backpalpitates with
dazzling
light
life.
Eve, coy
beyond stands a
whose image man was
created.
"
THE EXPULSION FROM THE GARDEN. Genesis
See
JHE
happiness of
Adam
and Eve
in
the
iii.
Garden of Eden did not long continue.
Serpent appeared and tempted Eve, by offering her the forbidden
"
When
Adam.
turn beguiled
commandment
they had thus broken the
they heard the voice
sought to
of
God
hide themselves from
judgment upon
described by Milton in
and banished them from the garden.
Paradise Lost
all
Some
happy
expulsion
is
thus
faces thronged,
and
the gate
;
fiery
natural tears they dropp'd, but
arms
:
wiped them soon:
The world was
all
Their place of
rest,
They, hand
hand, with wandering steps and slow,
in
The
seat,
over by that flaming brand
With dreadful
they
the eastern side beheld
Paradise, so late their
Waved
and when
:
" They, looking back,
Of
;
in fear
But God summoned them before him, pronounced
his face.
their transgression, "
them and
the garden, their consciences smote
in
of God, their
eyes were opened," and they no longer appeared to each other innocent as before in
The
and she
fruit,
before them, where to choose
Through Eden took
and Providence
their solitary
their guide
:
way."
Adam and Eve are fleeing from the threatening figure that guards the way Adam seems stunned with amazement and fear at the new scene which life."
In the picture
of
"
the tree of
opens before him, while Eve clings sightly shrubs
to him,
with head
bowed
sorrow and remorse.
in
and broken rocks cumber the ground around them
across their hard, dry path
threatening growl.
;
and from
The beauty and
strikingly contrasted with the
his
cragged
luxuriance
rugged and
sterile
2
lair
a
;
Un-
thick brambles stretch
crouching wild beast sends forth a
of the foliage
scene which
that
lies
bounds the garden are
beyond.
:
THE MURDER OF See
Adam and Eve
[[FTER
a
tiller
of the
iv.
had been driven from the garden of Eden,
The record
and Abel were born.
became
Genesis
ABEL.
of their lives
are told that Cain
and Abel a keeper of sheep, and then follows the account
soil
of the awful tragedy with which their names
will
be forever linked
and obedience, the other as the embodiment of envy,
tleness
We
brief.
is
Cain
their children
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;one
as the type of gen-
rebellion
We
and revenge.
read thus "
And
in
process of time
it
And
offering unto the Lord.
came
to pass that Cain
and the Lord had respect unto Abel, and
offering,
he had not respect
well, shalt
thee
be
brother,
and
;
his
it
the
keeper
me
opened her mouth
when they were
countenance
And
If
?
door;
well, sin lieth at the
to his
And
fell.
thy countenance fallen
over him.
the
thou do
And
unto
Cain talked with Abel
his
Cain rose up against Abel
in the field, that
?
And
he
What And now
said,
to receive thy brother's
And
hast thou done
his
and
I
shall
me
me
said,
I
know
not:
voice of thy brother's
When
:
A
fugitive
punishment
thou
and a vagabond
is
the
tillest
greater than
I
ground
shalt thou
can bear.
be Be-
out this day from the face of the earth, and from thy face shall
be a fugitive and a vagabond
every one that findeth
shall slay
me.
slayeth Cain, vengeance shall be taken on Cain, lest
My
The
?
he
thou art cursed from the earth, which hath
blood from thy hand.
Cain said unto the Lord,
And
Abel thy brother?
is
not henceforth yield unto thee her strength
the earth.
hid,
shalt rule
from the ground.
hold, thou hast driven
be
to pass
is
thou doest not
Lord said unto Cain, Where
I
blood crieth to
in
and thou
if
And why
?
his
fat
and slew him.
"And
shall
wroth
art thou
desire,
came
Am my brother's
it
Why
of the ground an
But unto Cain, and
to his offering.
and Cain was very wroth, and
:
thou not be accepted? and
shall
brother
Cain,
fruit
Abel, he also brought of the firstlings of his flock, and of the
thereof:
Lord said unto
brought of the
any finding him, should
kill
And
in
the
the earth
Lord
him seven
him." 3
:
and
it
shall
come
said unto him, Therefore
fold.
And
the
Lord
set a
.1
to pass that
whosoever
mark upon
!
THE DELUGE. See Genesis
HAT
a
thrilling
last place of
and
terrifying scene
is
vii.
here placed before us
— showing perhaps
the
refuge from the rising waters of the Flood which, as the Bible records,
overwhelmed the world, because of the wickedness of the people, and ingulfed and destroyed
all
living,
mothers, grandsires birds
—
breathing things
all
— the
tender
again replenish the earth.
blooming youth,
they withdrew slowly from the valleys and pleasant
wondering how much would be spared of
to swell
fields,
around
their
homes, doubtless
regretfully gazing behind,
and perhaps
their habitations, of their crops of grain
and
their
but the flood followed them on, rapidly driving them from slope to slope, and what
terror
and anguish must have seized upon them
to be
swept away or swallowed up, and they came to see that the
under
their feet.
How
as, in its swift pursuit,
numbers of them began were surely sinking
hills
they must have, watched with straining eyes from lofty peaks the waters
raging beneath, or listened to their roar and fury, with hearts subdued by of the night.
And when
finally,
giddy crags of the mountains, wailings must have
were torn from
their little
We
the darkness
looking higher and higher for safety, they are driven to the
who can
left their lip's!
fear, in
picture their despair?
What
and groans and
cries
what piercing shrieks have rent the
air,
bitter
as fathers or mothers
ones
In the picture before us the artist has strikingly depicted the wildness
scene.
fathers,
Noah in. the Ark, and the beasts and he was commanded by God to save by sevens and by pairs to The people had gone on in their wickedness, and as the torrents
descended ceaselessly and the gathering waters began
;
the
save the righteous family of
all
and creeping things
vineyards
infant,
see the waters surging
in
hollow waves,
till
and horror of the
their foreboding blackness mingles
—the remorseless powers of nature unrestrained.
with a sky heavy and dark and pitiless as they In the foreground a single rock
still
meets the tempest's shock, and around
or have been swept the few survivors of the perishing host.
A
babes of the hapless pair who are perishing
her,
in the flood
below, their last feeble strength being given to place their
reach of the breakers.
The
at her feet cluster the
infant stretches out his
she has sunk unconscious upon the father's breast.
4
have gathered,
tigress has gathered her
young about
and almost
it
little
ones beyond the
hand imploringly towards
its
mother, but
NOAH CURSING HAM. See Genesis
HE
scene in which
Noah
is
ix.
represented as cursing his second son
representing the pastoral simplicity of the time effectively in the
spirit
ably conceived,
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the prominent
foreground, of the principal characters in the history, conforming
Noah, with arm
of the incident.
while on either side,
in
ward look of pain regarding her culprit,
uplifted, hurls the
attitudes of wonder, grief
Japheth, with their wives, look on.
form of the
is
The
lost
grouping,
itself to
dread malediction upon
his
the son,
and acquiescent condemnation, Shem and
flying family of
Ham,
his stricken partner, with back-
companions, the wondering children and the shrinking
are an admirable culmination of the description of the 5
tale.
THE TOWER OF See Genesis
HERE
much
has been
According
BABEL.
xi.
inquiry concerning the
to tradition, its site
was the same as
near Babylon, which Nebuchadnezzar found ruins are called Birs character,
among which
the spot about 450 B. in
Nimrod the
name
C, and described
Of
it
older but purely fanciful pictures.
in
"And
the whole earth
And
And
No
description of
We
read as follows
city is
upon the
Go
to, let
us
in
and they have
face of the
whole
one language; and
all
earth.
is
this
And
it
came
brick,
Therefore
language of all
all
is
the
name
the earth
;
of
upon the it
spiral
And let
they said
us
make
called
all
Go
to,
the earth
Babel, because the
and from thence did the Lord
the earth."
6
:
Go
to, let
us
us a name, lest
:
they begin to do; and
face of
to pass as
and burn them thoroughly.
let
now nothing
scatter
;
will
be
us go down, and there
confound their language, that they may not understand one another's speech.
City.
and the
given,
that
And the Lord came down to see the And the Lord said Behold, the people
restrained from them, which they have imagined to do.
scattered them abroad from thence,
number
the land of Shinar, and they dwelt
make
and the tower, which the children of men builded.
one,
that, to the
.
:
and a tower, whose top may" reach unto heaven, and
scattered abroad
visited
simply a reproduction by the artist of the form given to
they had brick for stone, and slime had they for mortar.
we be
form
its
was of one language, and of one speech.
they said one to another:
build us a city
Herodotus
we have no knowledge except
this site
they journeyed from the East, that they found a plain there.
The present
inscriptions in the cuneiform
and another upon
raised,
is
upon
the original structure
is
of Belus,
the temple then existing as "a solid tower a stadium
derived from the brief account in Genesis. stairway presented in the engraving
Temple
and restored.
ruins
in
of N?buchadnezzar frequently appears.
depth and width, upon which another tower
of eight towers."
remarkable tower.
this
that of the great
They bear
of Nimrod).
(citadel
of
location
and they
So the Lord
left off to
build the
Lord did there confound the them abroad upon the
face of
ABRAHAM ENTERTAINS THREE STRANGERS. See Genesis
HEN for
Abraham was commanded to leave his kindred in Ur of the Chaldees, and make himself a new home in Canaan, it was with the assurance that this goodly land, and flowing with milk and honey, should be given him and become
rich in pastures
This promise was renewed again and again
the inheritance of his children.
Abraham and Sarah had become to
man, and were yet childless
become the
xviii.
of
father
old
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;the
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;when
Canaan
heirs forever, should possess
they had far exceeded the usual age allotted
promise was
a great nation ;
that his
;
and
still
attended with
many
in the
held forth to
children,
that the care
thus
far
all
their
these promises
his
life
Honor and power had been bestowed upon
blessings.
and
children
believed that
acquired vast possessions, and was regarded as a mighty prince
came a
that he should
and favor and blessing of God should
of God, and
favor
Abraham
children's
his
Abraham
be manifested towards them in a peculiar manner.
would be made good, for he walked
and even when
;
the
in
had been
him, he
had
land to which he
stranger.
One
day, sitting in
door of
the
his
tent during the heat of the day, he beheld three
They were messengers sent to Abraham, and bore tidings to make glad his heart. He went out before them and bowed himself to the earth, for thus were strangers welcomed in those days. And he said " My lord, if now I have found favor in
men
standing near.
:
thy sight, pass not away, -fetched,
and wash your
pray thee, from thy servant
I
feet
and
rest yourselves
of bread, and comfort ye your hearts
come
your servant.
to
And
;
:
let
a
under the tree
after that
you
water,
little ;
shall pass
and on
they said, So do, as thou hast said.
:
I
I
will
pray you, be
fetch a morsel
for therefore are
And Abraham
you
hastened
Make ready quickly three measures of fine meal, knead and make cakes upon the hearth. And Abraham ran unto the herd and fetched a calf tender and good, and gave it unto a young man and he hastened to dress it. And he into the tent unto
Sarah, and
said,
it,
;
took butter and milk, and the calf which he had dressed, and set stood by them under the thy wife
?
And
he
said,
in
this special
and they did
life
;
and
lo,
And
spirit
beautiful,
before them
they said unto him, said,
shall
I
;
Where
will certainly return
and he is
their features
The
is
have a son."
The
quite simple in detail, reflecting, therefore,
figures of the three spiritual visitants
bear the impress of serenity and peace. 7
Sarah
unto thee
manner was again announced God's purpose towards Abraham.
of the narrative.
and
he
Sarah thy wife
picture which represents the scene here described
the
And
eat.
Behold, in the tent.
according to the time of
Thus
tree,
it
are
impressive and
THE DESTRUCTION OF SODOM. See Genesis,
HE "
rose up from thence and looked toward
destroy the
to
But
fifty,
ten's sake
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; he
God
wickedness.
great
the wicked ?"
with
righteous
pleaded, and
the city
in
said he
two angels came
for forty's sake, for
thirty's,
were not under
was
visit
his
Sodom and found Lot
to
in
life
Behold now, (is
not a
it
his wife,
and
"
for thy
and
;
I
this city is little
one
?)
thee,
The sun was
rained upon
my
my
escape city
and
thither,
was
a
And
for
some
and
which grew upon the ground.
But
of the warning,
me
Oh,
one.
this
city,
cannot do anything
I
evil
take me, and
let
me
for till
the
I
in
die.
escape thither
have accepted
I
which
thou
thou be come
hast
thither.
called Zoar.
the plain,
all
and
warn such as
to
he said unto him, See,
upon the earth when Lot entered
risen
cities,
lest
little
not overthrow
will
I
is
it
soul shall live.
that
and
city,
thy mercy, which thou hast showed unto
flee
and
tarry for the night.
Behold now, thy servant hath found
Lord.
near to
unto,
family,
They
gateway.
sitting at the
thou be consumed.
Sodom and upon Gomorrah brimstone and
he overthrew those
a
for
look not behind thee, neither stay thou
life,
cannot
Therefore the name of the "
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; even
two daughters departed, urged on by* the
escape to the mountain,
thing,
this
their
lest
said unto them, Oh, not so,
Haste
spoken.
Escape
escape to the mountain,
;
concerning
thee
for twenty's
sons-in-law were unmindful
his
thy sight, and thou hast magnified
my
saving
But
roof to flee also.
morning Lot,
the
And Lot
grace
for
there were five
if
it
warn Lot of the impending destruction of the
to
messenger who charged them, "
be spared
should
it
accompany him home, and partake of refreshment, and
of their
in all the plain
to
would withhold destruction.
to
in
repast*
Abraham interceded, Then the promise was
would spare
they urged him to gather together as speedily as possible his
and early
their
then informed of God's purpose to utterly
of their
promised that
finally
In the evening
The purpose
Abraham
still
finished
Sodom, and Abraham went with them
righteous people were found
fifty
if
and
less than
were invited
also destroy the
thou
him that
their sakes.
He was
way."
their
of the plain, because
cities
saying, " Wilt
when they had
strangers entertained by Abraham,
three
bring them on
made
xix.
xviii,
his wife
and
all
fire
Then
into Zoar.
Lord
the
from the Lord out of heaven
the inhabitants of
the
cities,
;
and
and that
looked back from behind him, and she became
pillar of salt."
The scene deur.
The
is
whole
here represented quite horizon
is
ablaze
;
literally,
the
walls
and
Through
this
filling all
Lot and
his
mindful of the injunction not to look backward. look,
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;a
rigid,
gloom over the
daughters hasten, urged
The
artist
has
unbreathing and almost transshaped figure.
in
on
given Lot a
and has quite successfully indicated the hapless
stands high above the fire-swept plain, her drapery clinging
limbs
gran-
terrific
doomed city appear fairly torn stifling smoke rolls upward in tumul-
the upper sky with blackness, and spreading
gathering darkness
and appealing
invested with almost
of the
asunder by the furious sweep of the flames, while the tuous volumes,
is
fate of
by
earth.
terror,
and
most' anxious his
wife,
who
hard folds to her motionless
THE EXPULSION OF HAGAR. See Genesis xxi.
HE
incident of which the engraving before us
Hagar and Ishmael from
the tent of
Abraham
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the
is
the illustration
is
thus described in the twenty-first
dismissal of
chapter of Genesis:
"Abraham made a great feast the same day that Isaac was weaned. And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, which she had borne unto Abraham, mocking. Wherefore she said unto Abraham, Cast out this bondwoman and her son: for the son of this bondwoman shall not
be heir with
my
son,
even with
And
Isaac.
the thing
was very grievous
in
Abraham's
sight because of his son.
"And God
said unto
Abraham, Let
because of thy bondwoman; in Isaac shall
because he
is
thy seed.
bottle of 'water,
and gave
And
story of
in
familiar.
it
on her shoulder), and the
Hagar and Ishmael appears always
M. Dore has again
to
much
told the story in
portrayal of their expulsion being artistic in conception faithful to
will
I
make a
nation,
child,
and sent her
the wilderness of Beersheba."
treatment, and the pencil of the artist has helped
them
bondwoman
rose up early in the morning, and took bread, and a
unto Hagar (putting
away: and she departed and wandered
The
also of the son of the
And Abraham it
not be grievous in thy sight because of the lad, and
Sarah hath said unto thee, hearken unto her voice; for
in all that
thy seed be called.
it
the spirit of the East. 9
have been a favorite subject for
pictorial
make the chief incidents relating to his own original and effective way, his to
and execution, tender
in
sentiment and
HAGAR
THE WILDERNESS.
IN
See Genesis xxi.
HIS
-
thrilling
was spent
scene in
is
intended
the bottle, and
she went and sat her shot
;
and
lift
for she said,
me
up her voice and
adhering ally
Let
;
the
wept."
extremity
of
the
the child
against him, a
M. Dore has given
empty water-flask child
destitute
The lamentation now cast aside
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
are also, in
Hagar,
vivifying well of water, wherewith to
fill
ere
the
water
under one of the shrubs.
And bow
good way
And
the spirit of this
of the stricken as
a useless
it
were a
incident
mother thing
is
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;and
without pathetic-
the
commentaries on
God had opened
her bottle and restore the
10
as
off,
she sat over against him.
themselves, eloquent yet
"And
the following verses:
not see the death of the child.
stretched figure of the dying utter
she cast
down over
strictly to the literal details.
portrayed
to illustrate
lad.
her
eyes
out-
the
to see the
1
:
TRIAL OF THE FAITH OF ABRAHAM. See Genesis
HIS engraving
represents one of the most striking
sacred history. old age.
Isaac
Around him
associated the prophecy
xxii.
was
clustered
examples of
Abraham and Sarah
the only son of
the sweetest incidents of
all
of future greatness for their descendants;
faith
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the
recorded
in
child of their
home; with him was promise had been
for the
Abraham that through Isaac he should become the father of many nations. But the command came to Abraham to take this beloved son and offer him up as a burnt offering unto the Lord, great as was the sacrifice, he bowed in meek submission; unaccountable made when
to
must have seemed such a command, his faith in the promises of God was still unshaken. We see the aged patriarch toiling up the mountain, and before him Isaac, bearing the wood for In these verses from the altar, the boy obedient unto his father, the father obedient unto God. as
the Bible
"And
it
Abraham. Isaac,
the story related
is
whom
came
And
God did tempt Abraham, and And he said, Take now thy son,
to pass after these things, that
he said, Behold, here
I
am.
said unto him, thine only son
thou lovest, and get thee into the land of Moriah; and offer him there for a burnt
upon one of the Mountains which I will tell thee of.^ "And Abraham rose up early in the morning, and saddled his ass, and took two of his young men with him, and Isaac his son, and clave the wood for the burnt offering, and rose up, and went to the place of which God had told him. Then on the third day Abraham lifted up And Abraham said unto his young men, Abide you here his eyes, and saw the place afar off. And with the ass, and I and the lad will go yonder and worship, and come again to you. offering, and laid it upon Isaac burnt his son and he of the took the Abraham took the wood And Isaac spake unto fire in his hand, and a knife; and they went both of them together. and he said, said, My father: Here am I, my father, and son. And he said, Abraham his Behold the fire and the wood, but where is the lamb for a burnt offering ? And Abraham said, My son, God will provide himself a lamb for a burnt offering: so they went both of them And they came to the place which God had told him of, and Abraham built an Altar together. there, and laid the wood in order, and bound Isaac his son, and laid him on the Altar upon the wood. And Abraham stretched forth his hand, and took the knife to slay his son. And the Angel of the Lord called unto him out of heaven, and said, Abraham, Abraham. And he said, Here am I. And he said, Lay not thine hand upon the lad, neither do thou anything unto him for now I know that thou fearest God, seeing thou hast not withheld thy son, thine only son from me. And Abraham lifted up his eyes, and looked, and behold, behind him a Ram, caught in a thicket by his horns and Abraham went and took the Ram, and offered him up for offering
;
:
:
a burnt offering, jireh, as
said,
it is
in the
stead of his son.
said to this day, In the
And Abraham
Mount
of the Lord
called the it
shall
name
of that place Jehovah-
be seen.
"And the Angel of the Lord called unto Abraham out of heaven the second time, and By myself have I sworn, saith the Lord, for because thou hast done this thing, and hast
not withheld thy son, thine only son, That
in
blessing
I
will bless thee,
multiply thy seed as the stars of the heaven, and as the sand which thy seed shall possess the gate of his enemies.
earth be blessed, because thou hast obeyed
my
And
voice." 1
in
is
and in multiplying, I will upon the sea shore, and
thy seed shall
all
the nations of the
II
THE BURIAL OF SARAH. See Genesis
xxiii.
[HILE Abraham has come down to us as the noblest type of the patriarchal chief in all history, Sarah may be regarded as the type of conjugal love and obedience. The Bible speaks of her as lovely in person and affectionate in disposition. She was married to Abraham before his departure from Chaldea, and was with him through all his wanderings in Palestine. The grief manifested by Abraham at her death and his anxiety about her burial place show the depth of his affection for her. The sons of Heth had given him choice of
the
their sepulchres
all
which was therein, and
but
And
and Abraham came
I
am
that
Sarah died to
And Abraham
"
mourn
may bury my dead
my
us,
Canaan
for her.
my
me a possession And the children
of a burying place with you
give
:
sight.
Heth answered Abraham,
of
none of us
:
of
withhold from thee his sepulchre, but that
shall
And Abraham
in the choice
stood up and
bowed himself
to the people
of
end of
give
field
my
I
thee,
the
the people of the
of the
land, saying,
take
But
it
ham,'saying unto him,
what
is
as
much money
the
at
in
I
it
thee
land. if
My
:
And
that
I
therein,
is
will
I
me and
give
thee?
dead
me;
my
lord,
presence of the himself
the audience of the people
is
;
worth four hundred shekels of
Bury therefore thy dead.
And Abraham
hear-
************
kened unto Ephron, and Abraham weighed
Ephron
to
audience of the sons of Heth, four hundred shekels of
the silver which he had
silver,
current
"And after this Abraham buried Sarah his wife in the cave And before Mamre the same is Hebron, in the land of Canaan. :
therein,
were made sure unto Abraham,
for a possession of a
Heth." I
2
:
me I will give thee money And Ephron answered Abra-
there.
the land
me
hear
And Abraham bowed down in
me,
it
audience of the children of
thee, in the
it
shall give
dwelt amongst the children
pray thee, hear
my
bury
worth he
saying, Nay,
he spake unto Ephron
Lord, hearken unto
that betwixt
I
the
in
city,
bury thy dead.
it,
is
it
And Ephron
of his
gates
thou wilt give
of me, and
as
answered Abraham
and the cave
people give
;
for
:
Hittite
went
before
for the field
field
burying place amongst you.
that
all
his
Heth.
of
children
And Ephron
Heth, even of
is
:
the
of Heth.
silver;
the land of
in
in
is
of
Hebron,
is
son
for a possession of a
sons
these were the years of the
;
the
the
to
your mind that
the
at the close of the burial
And he communed with them, saying, if it be I should bury my dead out of my sight, hear me, and entreat for me to of Zohar: That he may give me the cave of Machpelah, which he hath,
even
land,
which
he desired for a
these
Lord, thou art a mighty Prince amongst us:
mayest bury thy dead.
Ephron
same
Sarah and to weep
for
out of
our sepulchres bury thy dead thou
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; and
away
led tenderly
Kirjath-arba, the
in
a stranger and a sojourner with you I
"
of Machpelah, with the cave
stood up from before his dead, and spake unto the sons of Heth, saying,
saying unto him, Hear
the
Abraham
the field
in
Sarah was a hundred and seven and twenty years old
of Sarah.
life
see
were
that
" field
turning back with eager and sorrowful gaze towards the sepulchre.
still
And
"
trees
we
In the illustration
possession. rites,
the
all
but he chose only the
;
money
of the the
in
the
with the merchant.
field
field,
named
of Machpelah,
and the cave that
burying place, by the sons of
ELIEZER AND REBEKAH. See
HIS
Genesis xxiv.
which relates to the touching and familiar story of Isaac and Rebekah,
picture,
shows the
meeting between Abraham's servant and the beautiful maiden who
first
afterwards became Isaac's wife and the mother of the cave at Machpelah,
and Abraham, now stricken with age, wished
whom
so Eliezer, his chief steward, in called
Sarah had been buried
among
all
his goods,
Abraham was
"there
seek for a bride
"And
the servant took ten camels, of the camels of his master, and departed
goods of
master were
his
And
of Nahor.
called,
the daughters of his kindred. (for. all
hand) and he arose, and went to Mesopotamia, unto the
in his
was
swear that he would not choose from among the
to
Canaanites a wife for Isaac, but bade him journey to Mesopotomia, whence
and
in
to provide a wife for Isaac;
he trusted, and who had charge of
and Abraham caused Eliezer
:
Israel.
he made his camels to kneel
down without
the
city,
the city
by a well of water, at the
women go out to draw water. And he said, O Lord, thee send me good speed this day, and shew kindness
time of the evening, even the time that
my
God
of
unto
my
the
men
master Abraham,
master Abraham. of the City
I
shall say,
I
will
Behold,
come out
Let down thy
pray
I
and thereby
Isaac;
And
it
shall
pitcher,
I
let
that thou hast
When the stranger asked will draw "Drink, my lord, and
for
whether he could
find
the gates and told
come
may
to pass that the
and she
drink,
damsel to
shall say,
whom
Drink, and
that thou hast appointed for thy servant
my
shewed kindness unto
master."
look upon," came out of the city to draw water at the
water from her pitcher, she answered him kindly, saying
water for thy camels
I
Eliezer, after he
I
it
prayer was ended, Rebekah, the grand-daughter of
his
fair to
let
same be she
the
happened that ere yet
well.
Then
pray thee, that
I
know
Abraham's brother, "a damsel
stand here by the well of water; and the daughters of
draw water: And
to
give thy camels drink also,
I
also,"
and she drew
for all .the camels.
had given her ornaments of gold, asked whose daughter she was, and
lodging for the night
all
that
her father's house
in
;
and Rebekah hastened within
had happened, and her brother Laban went out and sought the
stranger and conducted him to the house of Bethuel, his father, where he was welcomed and
provided
known
for.
But before partaking of the food that had been prepared
his errand, related all that
given to Isaac,
who was
rich in
is
and asked
before thee; take her and go, and
Lord hath spoken."
unto her, Wilt thou go with
at the well,
that
this
man?
*
And
*
*
she said, 13
* I
"And
will go."
let
made
Rebekah might be
camels and gold, and could provide for her abundantly.
they replied: "Behold, Rebekah son's wife, as the
had transpired
for him, Eliezer
Then
her be thy master's
they called Rebekah, and said
ISAAC BLESSING JACOB. See Genesis xxviii.
VERY beautiful Isaac, seated
patriarchal scene
on one side of
his
is
conveyed
to us
by
this picture.
couch, blesses his beloved Jacob.
The venerable The primitive
of household, yet overflowing with the rude wealth of a desert chief, the lovely view as if too touched the reposing camels through the open door, the half-averted form of Rebekah, life thought of the coming departure to steadily endure it, all form an idyl of pastoral
at
powerfully rendered by a master's touch. 14
JACOB TENDING THE FLOCKS OF LABAN. See Genesis xxviii,
HIS engraving Jacob
xxix.
a representation of quiet pastoral
is
in the
life
time of the patriarchs.
seen tending the flocks of Laban, which are gathered near a
is
which Rachel
returning with her pitcher.
is
well,
from
Jacob was the younger son of Isaac
Abraham and Isaac, a herdsman, Esau had grieved his parents by taking two wives from among the Canaanites, and Rebekah wished Jacob to marry from among his own people, as his father had done. Hence, when Esau threatened to slay Jacob, who had not only selfishly obtained his birthright, but had also defrauded him of his father's and Rebekah, and became,
blessing,
like
Rebekah urged him
Jacob, and blessed him,
and
to
safety to her
for
flee
charged him,
"
brother Laban.
and said unto him, Thou
And
Isaac called
shalt not take a wife of
************
the daughters of Canaan.
Then Jacob went on
"
by
Padan-aram,
to the
house of Bethuel, thy mother's
And
mouth.
thither
were
the
in
and
field,
people of the East.
land of the
the
into
there were three flocks of sheep lying
lo,
watered the flocks
for out of that well they
;
and came
his journey,
he looked, and behold, a well
it
to
and take thee a wife from thence, of the daughters of Laban, thy mother's brother."
father,
And
go
Arise,
and a great stone was upon the
:
the flocks gathered, and they rolled the stone from the well's
all
mouth, and watered the sheep, and put the stone again upon the well's mouth
And
Jacob said unto them,
Know
he said unto them,
he said unto them,
Is
My
And
until all the flocks
mouth
then
:
we water
them.
:
and they
?
he said, Lo,
is
it
is
well
said,
and behold, Rachel
:
yet high day, neither
be gathered together, and
is
till
they
his
Rachel, and lifted
and
father's brother,
came him, all
to pass,
And
they said,
pass,
when Jacob saw Rachel,
.that
up
his
for she
:
the daughter of Laban, his mother's
And
and wept.
he was Rebekah's son
And Laban
kept
mother's brother, that Jacob went near, and rolled the
his voice,
when Laban heard
things.
We
the stone from the well's
roll
spake with them, Rachel came with her father's sheep
And
and she
;
Jacob
Jacob told Rachel that he was her
and
ran,
her father.
told
the tidings of Jacob, his sister's son, that he
and embraced him, and kissed him, and brought him
these
daughter
time that the cattle
it
stone from the well's mouth, and watered the flock of Laban, his mother's brother. kissed
And And
Of Haran are we. And they said, We know him.
and they
?
water ye the sheep, and go and feed them.
and the sheep of Laban,
brother,
He
said,
in his place.
the sheep.
And while he yet And it came to
"
whence be ye
ye Laban the son of Nahor?
should be gathered together
cannot
brethren,
he well
cometh with the sheep.
well's
to
said to him, Surely thou art
his
my
house
ran to
and he
:
bone and
And
my
told
flesh:
it
meet
Laban and he
abode with him the space of a month. "
me
And Laban
for
nought
said unto Jacob,
tell
?
Because thou
me, what shall thy wages be
of the elder was Leah, and the
And
seven years for Rachel thy younger daughter. than that
I
?
my brother, shouldest thou therefore serve And Laban had two daughters the name
name of the younger was Rachel.
Rachel was beautiful and well favored.
thee
art
should give her to another
:
Leah was tender-eyed, but
Jacob loved Rachel, and
And Laban said, It man abide with me. :
is
said,
I
will
better that
And
I
serve thee give her to
Jacob served seven
years for Rachel: and they seemed unto him but a few days, for the love he had to her." '5
JOSEPH SOLD INTO EGYPT. Genesis xxxvii. 5-28.
ND
Joseph dreamed a dream, and he told it his brethren, and they hated him yet the more. And he said unto them, Hear, I pray you, this dream which I have dreamed. For behold, we were binding sheaves in the field, and lo, my sheaf arose, and also stood upright and behold your sheaves stood round about, and made obeisance to my sheaf. And his brethren said to him, Shalt thou indeed reign over us, or shalt thou indeed have dominion over us? and they hated him yet the more, for his dreams and for his words. ;
"And he dreamed
yet another dream, and told
it
his brethren,
and
Behold,
said,
have
I
the sun and the moon and the eleven stars made obeisance And he told it to his father, and to his brethren and his father rebuked him, and said Shall and thy mother, and thy unto him, What is this dream that thou hast dreamed? And his brethren envied brethren, indeed come to bow down ourselves to thee, to the earth?
dreamed a dream more; and behold, to me.
;
I,
him
;
but his father observed the saying.
"And Joseph,
and he
Do
brethren went to feed their father's flock in Shechem.
his
not thy brethren feed the flock
said unto him,
Here am
1.
And
in
Shechem?
came
me
Israel
said unto
Come, and
I will send thee unto them; pray thee, see whether it be well word again so he sent him out of the
he said to him, Go,
with thy brethren, and well with the flocks, and bring vale of Hebron, and he
And
I
:
Shechem. found him, and behold, he was wandering in the field, and the man certain man "And a asked him, saying, What seekest thou? And he said, I seek my brethren tell me, I pray thee, where they feed their flocks. And the man said, They are departed hence for I heard them And Joseph went after his brethren, and found them in Dothan. say, Let us go to Dothan. him afar off, even before he came near unto them, they conspired against when they saw And And they said one to another, Behold, this dreamer cometh. Come now, him, to slay him. therefore, and let us slay him, and cast him into some pit, and we will say, Some evil beast hath devoured him and we shall see what will become of his dreams. And Reuben heard it, and he delivered him out of their hands, and said Let us not kill him. And Reuben said unto them, Shed no blood, but cast him into this pit that is in the wilderness, and lay no hand upon him that he might rid him out of their hands, to deliver him to his father again. "And it came to pass when Joseph was come unto his brethren, that they stript Joseph out And they took him and cast him into a of his coat, his coat of many colors that was on him. pit and the pit was empty, there was no water in it. And they sat down to eat bread and they lifted up their eyes and looked, and behold, a company of Ishmaelites came from Gilead, with their camels, bearing spicery, and balm, and myrrh, going to carry it down to Egypt. And it if we slay our brother, profit is and brethren, What conceal his blood? Judah said unto his Come, let us sell him to the Ishmaelites, and let not our hand be upon him for he is our Then there passed by Midianites, brother, and our flesh, and his brethren were content. merchant men, and they drew and lifted up Joseph out of the pit, and sold Joseph to the Ishmaelites for twenty pieces of silver; and they brought Joseph into Egypt." to
:
;
;
:
;
;
;
;
16
I
Us
JOSEPH INTERPRETING PHARAOHS DREAM. See Genesis
HARAOH
xli.
dreamed: and behold, he stood by the
river.
And
behold there came up in a meadow.
out of the river seven well-favored kine, and fat-fleshed, and they fed
And
behold, seven other kine came up after them out of the river, ill-favored and and stood by the other kine, upon the brink of the river. And the ill-favored and lean-fleshed kine did eat up the seven well-favored and fat kine so Pharaoh awoke. And he slept and dreamed the second time and behold, seven ears of corn came upon one stalk, rank and good. And behold, seven thin ears and blasted with the east wind, sprang up after them. And the seven thin ears devoured the seven rank and full ears and Pharaoh awoke, and behold, it was a dream. And it came to pass in the morning that his spirit was troubled, and he sent and called for all the Magicians of Egypt, and all the wise men thereof: and Pharaoh told them his dreams but there was none that could interpret them unto Pharaoh." Then the chief butler of Pharaoh make known unto him the skill of Joseph in the interpretation of dreams, and Joseph was brought out of the prison into which he had been cast by Potiphar, his master, and Pharaoh related unto him the dream which had perplexed him. "And Joseph said unto Pharaoh, The dream of Pharaoh is one; God hath shewed Pharaoh what he is about to do. The seven good kine are seven years, and the seven good ears are And the seven thin and ill-favored kine that came up after seven years the dream is one. years; and the seven empty ears blasted with the east wind shall be seven years them are seven of famine. This is the thing which I have spoken unto Pharaoh:, what God is about to do, he sheweth unto Pharaoh. Behold, there come seven years of great plenty throughout all the land of Egypt. And there shall arise after them seven years of famine, and all the plenty shall be And the plenty shall forgotten in the land of Egypt, and the famine shall consume the land. not be known in the land, by reason of that famine following, for it shall be very grievous. And for that the dream was doubled unto Pharaoh twice, it is because the thing is established by God: and God will shortly bring it to pass. Now therefore let Pharaoh look out a man discreet and wise, and set him over the land of Egypt. Let Pharaoh do this, and let him appoint officers over the land, and take up the fifth part of the land of Egypt in the seven plenteous years. And let them gather all the food of those good years that come, and lay up corn under the hand And that food shall be for store to the land, of Pharaoh, and let them keep food in the cities. lean-fleshed,
:
;
:
:
:
against the seven years of famine, which shall be in the land of Egypt, that the land perish not
through the famine.
"And
the thing
was good
in the
eyes of Pharaoh and
in the
eyes of
all
his servants.
And
Pharaoh said unto his servants, Can we find such a one as this is, a man in whom the spirit of is ? And Pharaoh said unto Joseph, Forasmuch as God hath shewed thee all this, there is none so discreet and wise as thou art Thou shalt be over my house, and according unto thy word shall all my people be ruled: only in the throne will I be greater than thou. And Pharaoh And Pharaoh took off his said unto Joseph, See, I have set thee over all the land of Egypt. ring from his hand, and put it upon Joseph's hand, and arrayed him in vestures of fine linen, and And he made him to ride in the second chariot which he had put a gold chain about his neck. And they cried before him, Bow the knee and he made him ruler over all the land of Egypt."
God
:
:
:
â&#x20AC;˘
17
i7
;
KNOWN TO
JOSEPH MAKING HIMSELF Genesis
I
HEN
HIS BRETHREN.
1-24.
xlv.
Joseph could not refrain himself before
all
them
made
known unto
himself
and the house of Pharaoh heard. father yet live
And he
?
And
am
I
near unto me,
a posterity that sent
shall neither
me
hither;
hither,
but
to save
God
;
house, and a ruler throughout
your
And
God
And God
And
there will
thy household, and
eyes of
my
my
all
down my
bring
a,ll
my
all
God
;
thou shalt dwell
and
Joseph
me
me
made me
five years' in
the
before you, to preserve you
So now
to Pharaoh,
lord of
all
was not you
it
and lord of
Haste you, and go up
hath
my
to
Egypt
all
father,
his
and
come down
;
the land of Goshen, and thou shalt be near unto
in
flocks,
and thy herds, and
all
that
nourish thee (for yet there are five years of famine), lest thou and
that thou hast, it is
come
to poverty.
my mouth
glory in Egypt, and of
And
his neck.
he
fell
And
behold, your eyes see, and the
that speaketh unto you.
that
all
upon
And you
you have seen, and ye
his brother Benjamin's neck,
Moreover, he kissed
And
the fame thereof
was heard
in
all
his brethren,
shall
shall tell
haste,
and wept
;
and and
and wept upon them
Pharaoh's house, saying, Joseph's brethren are come
And Pharaoh
pleased Pharaoh well, and his servants.
it
father,
and your households, and come unto
of Egypt, and ye shall eat the fat of the land.
your wagons out of the land of Egypt father,
And
my
before you to preserve
said unto Joseph,
Say unto thy
brethren, This do ye, lade your beasts and go, get you unto the land of Canaan.
your
doth
;
after that his brethren talked with him. "
and
I
father hither.
Benjamin wept upon
am
therefore be not grieved,
by a great deliverance.
the land of Egypt.
brother Benjamin, that
father of
and the Egyptians,
and yet there are
sent
me, thou and thy children, and thy children's children, and thy thou hast.
Now
did send
and he hath made me a father
say unto him, Thus saith thy son Joseph
unto me, tarry not.
lives
for
in the land,
be earing nor harvest.
and
in the earth,
me
I
;
pray you, and they came near; and
I
Joseph, your brother, whom, ye sold into Egypt.
For these two years hath the famine been
which there
his brethren,
cried,
with him, while Joseph
he wept aloud
Joseph said unto
Come
his brethren,
nor angry with yourselves, that ye sold life.
man
and he
:
his brethren could not answer him, for they were troubled at his presence.
Joseph said unto
said,
And
his brethren.
And
by him
that stood
Cause every man to go out from me; and there stood no
and come.
for
Also regard not your
the children of Israel did so;
your
stuff;
me and ;
Now little
for the
I
will
for the
thou art commanded,
And
to his father
he sent after
this
this
do ye
Take
:
ones, and for your wives, and bring your
good of
all
the land of
way.
To
all
of
Egypt
to the
is
yours.
command-
them he gave each man
changes of raiment; but to Benjamin he gave three hundred pieces of of raiment.
silver
and
five
changes
manner: ten asses laden with the good things
of Egypt, and ten she asses laden with corn, and bread and meat for his father by the way.
he sent
his
brethren away, and they departed; and he said unto them, See that ye
by the way."
take
give you the good of the land
and Joseph gave them wagons, according
ment of Pharaoh, and gave them provision
And
fall
So
not out
:
MOSES
THE BULRUSHES.
IN
See Exodus
HxA-RAOH, king
of
Egypt
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;a
ii.
new monarch "which knew
increase of the children of Israel, had given orders that
Hebrews should be slain however, was evaded, "and the people
as soon as they were born. multiplied
the birth of Moses, the account of which
is
not Joseph"
when she saw him
the male children of the
all
This blood-thirsty command,
and waxed very mighty."
At length comes
"And there went a man of the house And the woman conceived, and bare a son and she hid him three months. And when she could :
that he was a goodly child, no longer hide him, she took for him an ark of bulrushes, and daubed
with pitch, and put the child therein, and she laid
came down
wash herself
to
at the
river,
and when she saw the ark among the had opened
daughter, Shall for
I
is
go,
one of the
and
And
thee?
called the child's mother.
nurse
it
for
me, and
The moment
call
I
will
to
And
to him.
And
And
Go:
And
Pharaoh's daughter said unto her,
Take
And
give thee thy wages. is
said
when
to
the
her,
woman
it.
river's side
And when
sister
to
that she
Pharaoh's
may nurse
the maid went and this child
away, and
took the child and nursed
the ark of bulrushes
is
she
she had compassion on
Then said his Hebrew-women,
children.
daughter
And
the daughter of Pharaoh
she sent her maid to fetch
flags,
thee a nurse of the
selected by the artist
with slime, and
and her maidens walked along by the
Hebrews'
Pharaoh's
it
the flags by the river's brink.
in
she saw the child: and behold, the babe wept.
it,
him, and said, This
the child
it
what would be done
to wit
off,
fearful of the
as follows:
of Levi, and took to wife a daughter of Levi.
his sister stood afar
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
it."
being drawn to shore by
one of the attendants of the Egyptian princess, who stands under the downy plumes of her two fan-bearers giving directions
The
in
regard to the
child,
whose beauty has won her
heart.
flowing stream, the waving reeds, the regal costume and state of the Princess and her
retinue,
are
wondrous a
lovely surroundings
of
the
slumbering
destiny.
19
child,
before
whom
lies
so
great and
19
THE WAR AGAINST See Joshua
HEN
it
was learned
that the inhabitants of
GIBEON.
x.
Gibeon had made peace with
kings of the Amorites gathered their people
The Gibeonites
them.
So Joshua ascended from
"
them.
mighty men of
valor.
them
hand
into thine
;
And
Lord
the
he and
Gilgal,
there shall not a
war with him, and
Fear them not
of them stand before thee.
unto them suddenly, and went up from Gilgal Israel,
come up quickly and save
to
the people of
all
said unto Joshua,
man
together and declared war against
upon Joshua
at once called
all
and slew them with a great slaughter
And
night.
;
for
Lord discomfited them before
the
And
down
as they fled from before Israel, and were
in
down great
them, unto Azekah, and they died
from heaven upon
whom
which died with hailstones, than they
spake Joshua to the Lord children of Israel,
Moon
in
in
and he said
in
Sun stood
still
in the
of a
man
Lord fought
of his
direct
one of the grandest themes consonance with multitudes of the
in
tempest upon the
upon Gibeon, and thou
Sun stood
still,
and the Moon
stayed, until the people
not this written
Is
in
the
it,
or after
it,
that the
Sun
to stand
interposition
behalf of his
in
whole compass of
in the
The wide
sweeps on terrified
commanding eminence, still in
book of Jasher?
So
Lord hearkened unto the voice
Biblical
of battle
field
—
— furnishes lore — a
people
this astonishing
the
artist
to swell the destruction
and
flying
troops
with
the heavens and the
arm
Moon
uplifted,
to
20
is
pause
with
subject, too, quite
is
in
rough with the swarming
To
from the Lord, which pours
of the confederated kings.
foreground are seen the hurrying legions of the Hebrew horse, while a Joshua, on a
Then
whose masses are relieved against the sun-illuminated mountains.
the right the host of Israel
down
they were more
still
condescending favor and consideration
his peculiar genius. foe,
cast
for Israel."
This striking proof of God's manifestation
Lord
midst of heaven, and hasted not to go down, about a whole day.
there was no day like that, before for the
;
to pass
Lord delivered up the Amorites before the
the
their enemies.
And
:
came
the children of Israel slew with the sword.
when
the
it
to Bethhoron, that the
the sight of Israel, Sun, stand thou
And
the valley of Ajalon.
had avenged themselves upon the
the day
have delivered
I
Joshua therefore came
goeth up to Bethhoron, and smote them to Azekah and unto Makkedah.
stones
the
all
and chased them along the way that
at Gibeon,
the going
Israel, the five
little
In
the
towards the
left
commanding with undaunted in the valley of Ajalon.
faith
the
20
SISERA SLAIN BY JAEL. See Judges
T
was a gloomy period
iv.
when Deborah became judge
the history of her people
in
The national spirit had become feeble and idolatry and wickedness had The people chafed under the discipline and stern morality which the increased. statutes of Moses enjoined, and many of them renounced their allegiance to God, neglected his service, and worshipped with those who served Baal and Ashtaroth. Then " the Lord Israel.
in
sold
them
hand of
into the
whose host was
Sisera, which
cried unto the Lord
Israel
dwelt
mightily oppressed the children of
she judged
Ramah and
Bethel, in
And Deborah,
children
of
and twenty years he
palm tree of Deborah, between
and the children of
;
;
the
of
a prophetess, the wife of Lapidoth,
she dwelt under the
Mount Ephraim
And
Harosheth of the Gentiles.
in
Israel.
And
Israel at that time.
Hazor, the captain
in
he had nine hundred chariots of iron
for
;
Canaan, that reigned
Jabin, king of
came up
Israel
her for
to
judgment."
When
the people prayed
Barak, the leader
called
thousand
men
will
armies
of the
of the
And
not go.
his
Sisera
she
said,
I
will
I
will
:
met Barak, with nine hundred
and took refuge
"
crept
softly to
So God subdued on
Here we see the
agony of
in
his
Lord
chariots till
fallen
Jael
is
enabled
are
remarkably
most
vividly portrayed.
Sisera, clad
her
features, but lights in the
to
seen approaching, lithe
perform
thou wilt not go with me, then
in
mail,
shall sell
and
Heber
Sisera into the hand of a his
all
were
all
Inside
armed men
slain.
his
temples
and so
may
look
in
tent cloth, so
upon the
graceful, yet her countenance
unwomanly a deed.
the earth.
There
fallen
no
into
fine contrast to the
21
subdued
the
ground.
the
Israel."
indicating
stands gazing
Jael that
him
nail of
a posture
Barak and
chieftain.
The
his
figure ot
will
cruelty expressed
they seem equally devoid of any trace of pity or compunction.
evening sky produce a
from
Jael covered
shows the strength of is
but they
;
Sisera escaped
the Kenite.
the tent, in
pinned to the
I
notwithstanding the journey that
;
through
nail
ten
Mount Tabor, where.it was "And Barak said
day Jabin, the king of Canaan, before the children of
that
his death, lies
who
proceed, with
through weariness, she took a
asleep
upon him from the door, and she has drawn aside followers,
to
into his hand.
if
thee
Israel,
and drove the
side,
the story
but
;
the tent of Jael, wife 6f
when he had
with a mantle, and tent,
go
for the
melted away before the victorious hosts of the field
and directed him
of Israel,
surely go with
thou takest shall not be for thine honor
woman."
oppression of Jabin, Deborah
bitter
army should be delivered
thou wilt go with me, then
If
from the
tribes of Naphtali and Zebulun, toward
promised that Sisera and unto her,
for deliverance
which in
the
The broken
twilight of the interior.
21
DEBORAH'S SONG OF TRIUMPH. See Judges
HE is
Song of Deborah (though been penned.
and the leader had been
triumphant song was
in
group
is
Holy Writ
to
both Deborah and Barak) fire
Barak, incited by Deborah, had overcome the army of
slain
by the hand of
Jael,
and
this
glorious
outburst of
celebration of that victory, which resulted in the deliverance of Israel
from the oppression of Jabin. intensity
accredited in
considered one of the most magnificent outpourings of patriotic poetry and
that has ever Sisera,
v.
In this fine
engraving the regal
and vigor of movement, show her exalted mood attested by their earnestness
and deep
attention.
22
;
figure,
glowing countenance and
and her power over the
listening
22
!
JEPHTHAH MET BY HIS DAUGHTER. See Judges
EPHTHAH,
xi.
an unnatural son of Gilead, having been cast out and deprived of
inheritance by the other sons of his
ward towards
the deserts,
"vain men," and "was a mighty
went
father,
land of Tob, lying east-
and there gathered about him a band of outlaws, or
man
of valor"
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; so
that
Accordingly when the Ammonites rose against
land.
to the
fame went back
his
to his native
Elders of Gilead besought
Israel, the
Jephthah to become their captain, which he consented to do on condition that
Ammonites, he should remain
victorious over the
Then Jephthah went with
words.
them
captain over
And
Jephthah vowed a vow unto the Lord, and
Ammon
children of
my
doors of
house
mine hands, Then
into to
meet me, when
surely be the Lord's, and
Ammon
unto the children of
And
hands. cities,
of
up
them
;
till
came
to
thou
hast
opened
were subdued before the children of
and she was
;
pass,
when he saw
brought
my mouth
father, if thou hast
daughter came
his only child
me
;
thou shalt without
If
unto
whatsoever cometh forth of the
thine enemies, even of the children of
meet the
rent
thou
art
I
come
thou
we
victor chief,
And
Israel.
out
to
shall
to
Minnith, even
Thus
his
the children
Jephthah came
clothes,
and
said,
to
to
me
And
she
my me
Mizpeh
said
:
And
it
daughter
Alas,
one of them that trouble
the
twenty
meet him with timbrels and with
cannot go back.
forasmuch as
;
Ammon,
So Jephthah passed over Lord delivered them into his
and the
opened thy mouth unto the Lord, do
proceeded out of thy mouth
In the picture
he
Lord, and
the
*
*
deliver the
fail
beside her he had neither son nor daughter.
her, that
very low, and
Mizpeh. *
for a burnt offering.
from Aroer, even
behold, his
in
return in peace from the children of
to fiorht against
he smote them
house, and
his
dances
filial
it
thy
and the people made him head and
be, that
shall
he were
not so according to
and unto the plain of the vineyards, with a very great slaughter.
Ammon
unto
offer
will
I
I
it
said,
if
the Elders of Gilead
words before the Lord
his
all
we do
us, if
the Elders of Gilead,
and Jephthah uttered
;
"And
Head.
their
unto Jephthah, The Lord be witness between
said
his
for
I
have
unto him,
My
according to that which hath
Lord hath taken vengeance
for thee of
Ammon."
see the lovely maiden tripping joyously forth with her companions to
proud of
pride and love she
is
to
his success,
and
little
become the unhappy 23
dreaming that by
this
touching act of
victim of her father's rash vow.
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
;
;!
JEPHTHAH'S DAUGHTER AND HER COMPANIONS. See Judges
N
maiden received her
patriotic
submission
moment
which
with
her
for
pride and blossom
"
And
two months,
that
may be
me
alone
months
And
me
let
it
my :
virginity,
delayed.
I
and
mindful
is
truth
she
that
my
came
father,
of the
"Hebrew
to
only that
and cheerful her.
It
is
a
Lord had
the
But tenderer feelings be
yielded
up, in
the
Let
this
thing
be done for
may go up and down upon the mountains, and And he said, Go. And he sent her away for two
I
fellows.
And
vow which he had vowed.
virginity
upon the mountains.
she
father,
knew no man.
And
who it
did
was a
daughters of Israel went yearly to lament the daughter of Jephthah .
This tenderly sweet and mournful picture by M. Dore
ful
the ready
but even then she pleads only that
;
she said unto her
the Gileadite four days in a year."
the incident, as will
now
which the
with
end of two months, that she returned unto her
to pass at the
in Israel that the
spirit
imposed upon
thus
is
and she went with her companions, and bewailed her
with her according to his
custom
sacrifice
of her youth, forces itself upon her
her sacrifice
bewail
the
upon the enemies of her people.
father
find place in her heart, as the sorrowful
:
sad greeting, and
father's
accepted
she
and undaunted
lofty
of national triumph and rejoicing, and she
vengeance
taken
was shown the
the preceding sketch
xi.
is
"Song
Melodies," entitled by the author the
O my
Since our country, our God,
Strike the
bosom
that's
by thy vow,
the voice of
my
mourning
hand
of
me
this,
O my
the
in
father,
low,
blow
is
As
flow,
And
have
won
And my
When When And
it
as pure
me
below.
the virgins of Salem lament,
Be the judge and
Let
ere
the last thought that soothes
Though
I
beg
!
be sure
That the blood of thy child the blessing I
o'er,
is
me no more
that I love lay
There cannot be pain
And
bared for thee now.
the mountains behold
If the
sire
that thy daughter expire
Since thy triumph was bought
And And
keeping with
the
spirit
of
the following poem, one of the most chaste and beauti-
also be found
Demand
in
!
the great battle for thee,
father
this
the hero unbent
and country are
free
!
blood of thy giving hath gushed,
the voice that thou lovest
my memory
still
is
hushed,
be thy pride,
forget not I smiled
24
when
I died.
of Jephthah's Daughter;"
14
—
SAMSON SLAYING THE See Judges
HE
Samson abounds
story of
in
incident
career
his
in
deals
in
xiv.
xiii,
occurrences of the most remarkable nature.
character rough, daring and heroic rises into the hero, the
LION.
—
mold of
cast in a
avenger and the judge of violence,
and
passion
Of a
iron rather than bronze
his people,
bloodshed,
and from the
though
—he
earliest
directed,
under
Divine control, into channels of Justice, where actions, otherwise inexcusable, become legitimate
and
just.
His birth was miraculously foretold to razor should
come on
his head, for
to deliver Israel out of the
his
mother by an angel, and
it
was directed
that
no
he was to be ever a Nazarite unto God, and should "begin
hand of the
Philistines."
Samson was yet young when he sought him a
wife " in Timnath, of the daughters of the
who would much rather have had him choose a helpmeet from among their own people but Samson was of a different mind, and said unto his father, "Get her for me, for she pleaseth me well." "Then went Samson Philistines."
It
was evidently a thing
distasteful to his parents, ;
down, and behold, a him,
his father
young
and
lion
his mother, to
Timnath, and came to the vineyards of Timnath: and
roared against him.
And
and he rent him as he would have rent a
the Spirit of
kid,
the
Lord came mightily upon
and he had nothing
in his
engraving the strength and beauty of the young athlete are splendidly shown.
hand."
The
In the incident,
moreover, was the occasion of that famous riddle that led to such sanguine and direful results for the thing
was "of the Lord." 25
^r
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
SAMSON AND DELILAH. See Judges xiv, xv.
AMSON,
the Judge of Israel for twenty years,
was the son of Manoah, "a
He
of Zorah, of the family of the Danites."
loved Delilah, "a
certain
woman
man
in the valley
The tempting beauty or personal fascination of this woman seems to have completely unmanned him; and his varied and wonderful history is a striking example of a man of splendid power prostrated and destroyed by her whose "feet go down to death," whose "steps take hold on hell." The particular of So.rek,"
who wrought
his ultimate destruction.
incident which this striking picture represents
"And his soul
not
it
came
to pass,
was vexed unto death,
If
I
my
be shaven, then
any other man.
thus rendered:
when she pressed him that he told her
come a razor upon mine head;
womb.
is
And when
for
I
daily with her words, all
his heart,
Delilah saw that he had told her
for the lords of the Philistines, saying,
and said unto
have been a Nazarite unto
strength will go from me, and
Come up
I
all
this once, for
and urged him, so that
shall
her,
There hath
God from my
mother's
become weak, and be
his heart, she sent
he hath shewed
me
like
and* called
all his
heart.
Then the lords of the Philistines came up unto her, and brought money in their hand. And she made him sleep upon her knees, and she called for a man, and she caused him to shave off the
And I
will
seven locks of his head, and she began to
she said,
The
go out as
Philistines
be upon thee, Samson.
at other times before,
afflict
And
and shake myself.
departed from him." 26
him, and. his strength
went from him.
he awoke out of his sleep, and
And
said,
he wist not that the Lord was
DEATH OF SAMSON. See Judges xvi.
HIS superb
illustration of the
the very spirit
revenge
and tumult of destruction and wrath.
for all his bitter sufferings
among
his foes.
flying idolaters, the horror of the falling columns, the bent
whom
it
says,
in his life,"
"So
Dagon is pregnant with Here Samson wreaks his
pulling-down of the temple of
and straining
the dead which he slew at his death were
are powerfully and splendidly portrayed. 27
The- hurry, the terror of the figure of
Samson, of
more than they which he slew
27
NAOMI AND HER DAUGHTERS-IN-LAW. See Ruth
HE
nobler,
thee
:
the
Bible, are
said,
Intreat
goest,
people, and thy
I
among
me go
will
parting steps of to
lot,
is
finely
Orpah
lay,
thou diest,
:
yet leads her
be the pathway of her future
and where thou lodgest,
:
life,
also,
artist.
home
if
will
I
I
will
die,
lodge
:
and there
thy will
aught but death part thee and me."
The
to kith
and she turns
wide, lonely land, over which
and kin
to
;
the
but for Ruth, Love alone
Naomi, content with her to
afterwards so beautifully rewarded by years of prosperity and peace. 28
to leave her.
leave thee, or to return from following
God my God Where
portrayed by the
and refuses
most pathetic annals of devotion and
the
not to
be buried: the Lord do so to me, and more
The scene is
in
for whither thou
my
clings to her mother-in-law,
faithful nature,
"And Ruth
:
people shall be I
more
;
as recorded
domestic love after
Naomi with her daughters-in-law forms the subject of the present Orpah has just said farewell and departed weeping but Ruth, of a
parting of
engraving.
Her words,
i.
fix
her
28
——
:
:
;
RUTH AND BOAZ. See Ruth
HE
story of
Ruth and Boaz
is
ii,
iv.
iii,
one of the sweetest
as true in
its
and
tale,
fill
the
showing the heart that beat thousands of years ago
throbs as
her
filial
is
maiden
the heart of the
—with the congratulations
the foreigner
Obed
:
he
is
in
tenderness and devotion are
of the noble Boaz, the kinsman of Naomi. Christ
ever spoke or sung.
wisdom of Naomi,
character of Ruth, tender and sweet, guided by the delight,
idyls
'
her father's
fitly
Wedded
rewarded
of the people and the elders
To them was born
was peculiarly blessed.
—
this
fields to-day, and, to
in the protection city of
Judea
round
and love
David and of
union of the Israelite and
a son, "and they called his
In the engraving
the father of Jesse, the father of David."
an unceasing
in the corn-lands of
Bethlehem,
in
is
The
Ruth
is
seen
name in the
foreground gathering the scattered wheat, the busy harvesters around her, while Boaz, standing near,
is
directing the
reproach her that she
may
not.
young men respecting
And
her:
some of
let fall also
"Let her glean even among the sheaves, and
the handfuls of purpose for her;
glean them, and rebuke her not."
A
companion picture
Thomas Hood
furnished in these exquisite lines by
She stood breast-high amid the corn, Clasped by the golden light of morn,
Like the sweetheart of the sun,
Who many On
a glowing kiss had won.
her cheek an autumn flush,
Deeply ripened
;
In the midst of
—such a
blush
brown was born,
Like red poppies grown with corn.
Round
her eyes her tresses
Which were
But long lashes veiled a
That had
And
fell,
blackest none could
been
else
all
tell
light
too bright.
her hat, with shady rim,
Made
her tressy forehead dim
Thus she stood among
God
Praising
Sure,
I
said,
Where I Lay thy Share
;
the stooks,
with sweetest looks.
God
did not
mean
reap, thou shouldst but glean
sheaf
my
adown and come
harvest and
29
my
home.
to
and leave them
the engraving
is
29
THE RETURN OF THE See
HE
the news
;
Ark of
pleasure has people.
the priest,
Eli,
land of
and the
them
endure the wrath of the
to It
is
this
extreme and
Such a mark of the Almighty's high
and
terrified fallen at
hasten
of a subtle
dis-
who had judged Israel for forty years, had bitterness to young and old. For seven months
stricken
his
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
to
God
bear
beauty.
Ark
the
months of mourning, of death and of
back, for
it
it
proves too heavy a burden
to
of Israel.
return that the artist has illustrated. full
doom on
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;he
captors, but they are
its
disease,
Philistines
vi.
a dreadful foreboding
like
and the day was one of in the
Samuel
the Lord has been taken. fallen
had remained
I
ARK.
"And
the
The
narrative itself
kine took the straight
is
pastoral
way
to the
in
way
the of
Bethshemesh, and went along the highway, lowing as they went, and turned not aside to the
right
hand, or to the
And
border of Bethshemesh. valley is
;
and they
lifted
up
the artist's translation!
High lofty,
left:
and the lords of the
went
their eyes,
What
and saw the Ark, and rejoiced
a glowing redundance
its
lowing kine, slowly coming on in the
light,
:
is
in
it."
How
Well may the
as emblematic of him
who dwelleth
30
artist
lovely
the charming scene!
seen the
with
cart,
its
the middle distance the
foreground the people amid their sheaves,
enraptured at the glorious vision.
scene in intensest
to see
of light floods
in the background, against a vast fan of spreading radiance,
white-winged cherubim,
after them, unto the
they of Bethshemesh were reaping their wheat harvest in the
shadowy forms of the reapers, and joyful,
Philistines
all
alert,
have wrapped the whole
in light
unapproachable.
:
W^^^S^^^'S^^&S-
mw Ji*
; .:
â&#x20AC;¢JiwEBiMMM
ipr,
w 30
.
.
,
.
.,:,
v
,.,.!
:V
' ,
-':
SAUL AND DAVID. See
AUL
to
pass as they came,
Philistine, that the
meet king
when David was returned from
women came
Saul, with tabrets, with joy,
out of
his ten thousands.
And
Saul,
other
he
said,
twice."
the wall
me
ascribed unto David ten thousands, and to
And
it
times I
Saul hath slain
came
to
will
The to
nance, and
;
in
And
?
and there was a javelin
in
Saul's
smite David even to the wall with beautiful figure of the minstrel
avoid the the
fatal
his thousands,
the
women
and David
it;
lad,
evil
And
hand.
God came upon
who, with harp
"
in in
hand, his
with the evil spirit
combine
to
his
hand, as
Saul cast the javelin, for
and David avoided out of
passionate rage of the king, troubled all
from
spirit
and David played with
;
said,
they have ascribed but thousands,
thrust of the king's javelin, the terror
fading background, and palatial architecture,
dramatic scene.
And
Saul eyed David from that day, and
pass on the morrow, that the the midst of the house
it
and dancing,
Saul was very wroth, and the saying displeased him, and he
and he prophesied
at
the cities of Israel, singing
all
said,
and what can he have more, but the kingdom forward.
"And
the slaughter of the
and with instruments of music.
answered one another as they played, and
They have
xviii.
had become jealous of David because of the praises of the people.
came to
Samuel
i
is
his
presence
shrinking to
youthful counte-
from God," the
form a simple but thoroughly
3i
DAVID SPARES SAUL. See
|
AVID
in the
is
seeks him,
in
xxiv.
wilderness of En-gedi."
still
very cave
Samuel
I
determined on
which David
his
and
Arrived
life.
band have taken
his
" the
garment.
anointed
of the
Lord," and
only, while
After leaving the cave, the king
Saul
"
Saul
enemies.
David and
is
men
his
In this bold
David's
refuge.
asleep, cuts
off the skirt
life,
melted to contrition, and returns home;
but, evidently
suspicious.
still
gat them up unto the hold."
and picturesque engraving
circumstance of war, occupies the precipitous
the components conform to the one purpose
all
who have been hunted
the rocks of the wild goats," has
of Saul.
in
I
David, with only a
strongholds
know
;
open valley below,
for in that
thou and see that there
have not sinned against thee
;
pomp and
is
I
cut off
few
devoted
wood " and upon
of the
Holding up the fragment of the king's garment he says
killed thee not,
hand, and
"
the
into the
my hand
the
all
Saul,
with his followers, a band winding along
the light.
caves, in
come out
see, yea, see the skirt of thy robe in
and
cliffs,
the mountain side, with spears gleaming in
army
who
notwithstanding the words of
representing the power and prerogative of the nation, and surrounded by
adherents,
of his
presently arrested by the voice of David,
is
the
followers
of exhibiting, in the strongest possible manner, the disparity between the two groups.
all
in
but he refuses to lay his hand
;
is
declares to him his innocency of his intention towards his his
Saul sleeps
in the valley,
advise him to seize the opportunity, and put Saul to death
on
host of three thousand men,
Saul, with a
in
to
full
him
view of the
:
"
My
the skirt of thy robe
neither evil nor transgression in
yet thou huntest
my
father,
soul to take
it."
mine
:
DEATH OF
SAUL.
See I Samuel xxxi.
TUMULTUOUS
battle-scene
closes
and turbulent
rebellious, uncontrolled
distempered career, every
gift that
stormy
the in
spirit,
of Israel's
life
fallen in the battle
;
and now
armor-bearer to thrust him through with
was sore his
afraid.
his
A
Providence had bestowed upon him.
Saul, fearing death "
sword.
Therefore Saul took a sword, and
and
insult
But
his
example, and thus perished the haughty Saul by
;
Jonathan and
from the
it."
brothers
Philistines,
begs his ;
he
for
His armor-bearer followed
own unblessed
his
restless
his
armor-bearer would not
upon
fell
Bold,
Saul cast away from him, in his
suspicion and jealousy has banished from his side the faithful David
have
king.
first
David, on
hand.
receiving the news of Saul's and Jonathan's death, slays the self-accusing messenger, and then
pours forth his grief
"The beauty
of Israel
not in Gath, publish lest the
in this
it
magnificent lamentation
upon thy high places; how are the mighty
slain
is
neither let there be rain
upon you, nor
slain,
from the
fat
in their
than Lions. delights,
of Gilboa,
let
Ye
daughters of
who put on ornaments
O
!
brother Jonathan
:
Tell
it
there be no dew,
for there the shield of the
;
Israel,
bow
:
weep over
of gold
From
is
the
of Jonathan turned not back, and the
Saul,
who
in their lives;
clothed you in scarlet, with other
upon your apparel. in thine
How
are the mighty fallen in the
high places.
very pleasant hast thou been unto
How
mighty
they were swifter than Eagles, they were stronger
Jonathan, thou wast slain
passing the love of women.
oil.
Saul and Jonathan were lovely and pleasant
death they were not divided
midst of the battle
my
of offerings
of the mighty, the
sword of Saul returned not empty.
and
fields
Ye mountains
away, the shield of Saul, as though he had not been anointed with
blood of the
!
not in the streets of Askelon, lest the daughters of the Philistines rejoice,
daughters of the uncircumcised triumph.
vilely cast
fallen
me
;
I
am
thy love to
are the mighty fallen, and the weapons of
33
distressed for thee,
me was
wonderful,
war perished!"
—
;
THE DEATH OF ABSALOM. See II Samuel xv, xvi, xvii,
BSALOM
was the
third son
Talmai, king of Geshur. beauty.
"
From
of
King David,
He was
xviii.
his
mother being Maacah, daughter
greatly admired
among
the
Israelites
of
for his
the sole of his foot to the crown of his head, there was no blemish
was he distinguished for the beauty of his hair, which grew so luxuriantly that when at the end of each year he was shorn, its weight was equal to two hundred shekels of silver. But he was vain and deceitful of heart and his ambition, and perhaps envy of his brother Solomon, led him to plot against the king his father and to conspire with his enemies for his overthrow. He set himself diligently to work in various subtle ways to win over the people to himself, affectionately embracing all who approached to salute him, and saying to those who came to the king for judgment, " O that I were made judge in the land, that every man which hath any suit or cause might come unto me, and I would do him justice." Thereby he won their hearts and alienated them from King David. When he had thus gathered around him a sufficient number, he proceeded to Hebron first obtaining his father's permission, under the pretense that he wished to pay a vow unto the Lord and was there proclaimed king. When the news was brought to David by a messenger that the hearts of the men of Israel were with Absalom, he fled in haste from Jerusalem, attended by his servants and such men of the city as were still loyal, and passed over the Jordan, finding an asylum in the city of Mahanaim. Absalom took possession of Jerusalem, and was there solemnly anointed king. Afterwards he set out with a large army in pursuit of his father, following him across the Jordan. David gathered together his devoted people, and wished to lead them to battle himself; but they restrained him, saying, "Thou shalt not go forth: for if we flee away, they will not care for us in
him."
Especially
;
—
neither
if
half of us die, will they care for us;
now it is better that under the command of three
but
—
now
thou art worth ten thousand of us;
So David sent forth his army trusted leaders, after charging them to deal gently with Absalom, whom he still greatly loved. The king's people met the hosts of Absalom in the wood of Ephraim and overwhelmed them, slaying twenty thousand men. Absalom sought to escape on the back of a mule, but in passing under an immense oak, his hair caught in the boughs, and the mule fled from under him, leaving him suspended in the air. When a messenger who had therefore
thou succor us out of the
city.
informed Joab, the chief captain in David's army, he hastened to the spot, and, unmindful of the command of the king, " he took three darts in his hand and thrust them witnessed
this
through the heart of Absalom, while yet he was alive
men
in
the midst of the oak.
And
young Then he
ten
armor compassed about and smote Absalom, and slew him." and stones were thrown upon him in token of bitter hostility. From one of the gnarled In the engraving the fate of Absalom is strikingly portrayed. branches of the spreading oak we behold the wretched victim, held tightly by his strong locks perhaps conscious that death is speedily to overtake him for Joab and his followers, mounted on swift steeds, are seen galloping towards him, their stern features, wild shouts and angry gestures showing the spirit of vengeance that inflames their hearts.
was
that bore Joab's
cast into a pit in the forest,
;
34
34
DAVID MOURNING OVER ABSALOM. See II Samuel
FTER
great battle
the
wood
the
in
xviii.
of Ephraim, which
overthrow of the rebellious followers of Absalom, and
kingdom
Mahanaim
to
David, Cushi and Ahimaaz, the
watchman went up to the roof over the gate unto the and behold a man running alone. And the watchman he be alone, there
said,
If
And
the
said,
Behold another man
And
the
tidings
is
watchman saw another man running, and watchman
Methinketh the
said,
And
Ahimaaz, the son of Zadock.
And Ahimaaz
tidings.
And
running alone.
called
and and
cried,
And
man Absalom servant,
up
that lifted safe
their
the
king
And Ahimaaz
?
saw a great tumult, but
I
aside,
and stand here.
Cushi
said, Tidings,
And
my
is
knew
he turned :
not what
aside,.
for the
it
be as that young man
was.
and stood
Is
my lord the king, and And the king was much
over the gate, and wept: and as he went, thus he
Absalom
!
The mourned pathetic
would God
affection of for the
was
I
had died
David
young
for thee,
O
for his children
child of Bath-Sheba,
his lamentation
said,
said,
Absalom,
my
and
called unto the porter
He
well.
bringeth tidings.
also is
And
And
running of
the
like
he
down
fell
the
to
And
all
the king said unto him,
this
day of
thy
Turn
them
all
young man Absalom
safe
that rise against thee to
moved, and went up
to the
O my
my
son,
me
And, behold, Cushi came; and
still.
the
young
the king said, Is the
Lord hath avenged thee
the king said unto Cushi,
is.
the king
Joab sent the king's servant, and
Cushi answered, The enemies of hurt,
And
Lord thy God, which hath delivered
lord the king.
When
answered,
lord the king
And
rose up against thee.
I
my
and looked,
his eyes
a good man, and cometh with good
is.
and said unto the king, All
hand against
of the
he came apace, and drew near.
watchman
He
up
told the king.
the
earth upon his face before the king, and said, Blessed be the
up the men
lifted
running of the foremost
the king said,
restoration
between the two gates: and the
sat
wall,
mouth.
his
in
the
in
complete
the
in
son of Zadock, were dispatched to
"And David
bear the tidings to the king.
to
resulted
son Absalom,
my
son,
that
And
?
do thee
chamber
my
son
son!"
was often most touchingly manifested, as when he and
for
Amnon, whom Absalom
over the death of Absalom, which 35
is
slew.
Still
more
here so strikingly pictured.
35
SOLOMON. N
this patriarchal
gives him
all
and statuesque
that dignity
figure of Solomon,
and repose which
experience would legitimately
entail.
It
now
his years of
would seem as
in
old age,
M. Dore
command, knowledge and if
he were
in the
very act
sternest truth, the pages of that wonderfully profound collection of Proverbial
of composing,
in
lore, that tells
so much, in ripened thought, of collected observation on
and which closes
his
in
one of the noblest tributes ever offered 36
to the
human
life
and
worth of womanhood.
vanity,
3^
THE JUDGMENT OF SOLOMON. See I Kings
LL
the eyes of Judea
governed by an
and the other Bring
me
rival claims of the false
O my
mine nor in
The one
This
saith, is
is
the dead,
and give half
to the one,
no wise slay
her the living but divide
it:
own
and
true,
of his
skill,
my
son
criterion
future happiness or woe.
son, that liveth,
and half
living child was, unto the king (for her
thine,
my
mother and the
their estimation, a
and thy son
And
the living.
is
And they brought a sword before the king; and the king
a sword.
lord, give
in
a pregnant indication of their
Nay: but thy son
saith
living child in two,
whose the
and
character,
said the King,
she
is
it.
child,
Then
and
in
the
to the
it
:
but the other
King answered and
And
all
Israel
King
the
the
woman
and she
Let
said,
Divide the
said,
son),
said,
the dead:-
is
Then spake
bowels yearned upon her
no wise slay
the mother thereof.
other.
it
said,
be neither
said, Give her the living child, and
heard of the Judgment which the
king had judged, and they feared the King: for they saw that the wisdom of to
people,
irresponsible sovereign, their happiness lies mercilessly in his hands.
brought thus early before their king, would be,
"Then
To an Eastern
were on the young King Solomon.
This judgment, therefore, between the
wisdom and
iii.
God was
in him,
do judgment."
The sentiment
of the picture
is
well
shown
in
the appealing
agony of the one woman and
the indifference of the other, in the dramatic attitude of the executioner
judge, towards
whom
the surrounding spectators turn with tense
and
and of the youthful
eager gaze.
It is
a grand
representation of an oriental court in the ancient time, the regal splendor of the youthful king
being greatly heightened by relieving him against a background of choice decorative design. 37
THE CEDARS DESTINED FOR THE TEMPLE See I Kings
HERE
v.
has ever been attached something peculiarly sacred and noble to the Cedars
They have stood
of Lebanon.
as a figure for everything grand and
doubtless their use and high estimation in the building of the to
do
in
originating and continuing this impression.
M. Dore,
lofty,
the scene before us, has
in
presented a declivity of the mountain covered with groups of busy workmen, engaged occupation of felling and removing these magnificent trees to their floats by the sea-shore.
background
is
dim with umbrageous
hewing and trimming the scene of busiest
life.
fallen
foliage,
except
in
monarchs of the wood.
Two immense
boles
the
chief of
cumbrous wheels, are being conveyed down the mountain bustle
and anxiety incident
to their starting are fully
caparisoned horses are urged on or held are busy with directions, and the
progress of the work.
It is,
in
in the
The
open spaces where the laborers are
The foreground
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; evidently the
and
Temple has had much
side,
brought out
all
is
a splendidly wrought
their brethren
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; on heavy,
and the straining labor and in
the engraving.
The
gaily
check by the excited men, the mounted overseers
woodmen themselves have paused
perhaps, the finest landscape 38
in
the book.
in
groups
to
watch the
THE PROPHET SLAIN BY A See
i
HIS scene
Kings
I
LION.
xiii.
represents a prophet of the Lord slain
for
his
Commis-
disobedience.
sioned from on high to denounce the idolatry of Jeroboam, he had in this his duty. all
He
had refused
obedience, by another path than
Bethel, he
words
:
"
am
I
house and drank water." he had drunk, that
brought back. carcass
was
*
*
he saddled
And when
"
the king,
is
and was returning,
Met by an at
length
old
it
him
of
persuaded by these
and an angel spake unto me by the word of
;
into thine house, that
he
may
eat
bread and
came the
to pass, after ass,
to
wit,
in his
he had eaten bread, and after
for
the
prophet
whom
he had
he was gone, a lion met him by the way and slew him, and
cast in the way,
in
prophet
So he went back with him, and did eat bread
And
for
refusing, he
first
him back with thee
but he lied unto him.
;
with
by which he came.
a prophet also, as thou art
the Lord, saying, Bring
drink water
that
After
invited to his board.
is
to eat or drink
fulfilled
and the ass stood by 39
it;
the lion also stood
his
by the carcass."
=3
THE MESSENGERS OF AHAZIAH.
ELIJAH DESTROYING
See II Kings
LIJAH
i.
and most romantic character
the prophet has been considered " the grandest
Of
ever produced."
that Israel
early
his
life
only
is
it
known
from a nomadic and unsettled people dwelling beyond the Jordan ployed either
came
hills,
in
the chase or in the quieter labors of pastoral
him the knowledge of Jehovah
to
Ahab and announced
chapter of
the seventeenth
in
the inhabitants of Gilead, said I
word of
Lord came unto him
the
of the brook, and
became
dry,
I
the
dwelt with a widow, and the
go
to
little
And
before Jordan.
is
were constantly increased and made
it
who was
of
whom And the
Israel liveth, before
my
word.
be that thou shalt drink
When
there."
her cruse and the handful of meal
During the
to supply their wants.
from the
by
thus abruptly
is
the brook
Here he
for
lack of rain,
fierce
she possessed
third
Elijah
before Ahab, and then occurred his triumph over the prophets of Baal upon to flee
in
the nation
the Tishbite,
shall
thee
to feed
famine which had prevailed throughout Samaria,
Again he was obliged
appeared
first
Zarephath, between Tyre and Sidon.
to
in
oil
faith
Get thee hence and turn thee Eastward, and hide
have commanded the ravens
commanded
he was
And Elijah Lord God of
:
rain these years, but according to
saying,
by the brook Cherith, that
thyself
Kings
As
unto Ahab,
dew nor
not be
stand, there shall
I
"
the lonely
sublime
in the
He
people em-
among
His appearance
introducing the worship of Baal.
Jezebel, in
zeal.
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;a
God which had been brought upon
rebuke the dishonor against
to
was nurtured
such fearlessness and fiery
which he afterwards enforced with Israel
there he
;
There,
life.
he came
that
year of the
again appeared
Mount Carmel.
anger of Jezebel, taking refuge
desert
in the
down under a juniper tree, and "requested for himself that he might die." Going afterwards to Mount Horeb, he there communed with God, and was comforted, and it was announced to him that Elisha should become his successor. Still once more he confronted Ahab this time to denounce his crime against Naboth. After the death of Ahab his son Ahaziah became king, and perpetuated the idolatrous practices of his parents. Having been injured by falling through a lattice in his chamber, he sent to Ekron to ask of the god Baalzebub whether he should recover. The messengers were met by Elijah, who announced in the name of God that Ahaziah should never leave his bed, but of Beer-sheba, where he sat
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
should "surely
"Then
die.
the king sent
unto him a captain of
(and behold, he sat on the top of a
king hath a
man
there
said,
Come down. fire
of God,
unto them, thy
fifty.
Thus hath
If
I
And
be a
and he went up
to him,
and he spake unto him, Thou man of God, the
Elijah answered,
fifty,
with his
the king said,
man
the fire
The headlong
his fifty;
and said
to the captain of
fifty,
If
be
I
fire
unto him another captain of
man
with
come down from heaven and consume thee and thy fifty. And from heaven, and consumed him and his fifty. Again also he sent
of God, then let
came down
And
hill)
fifty,
fifty
;
And
Come down
he answered, and said unto him,
quickly.
And
Elijah answered,
come down from heaven, and consume of God came down from heaven, and consumed him, and of God, let fire
destruction of the messengers of Ahaziah
the engraving.
40
is
O
and said thee, his
and
fifty.
powerfully wrought out in
:
:
ASCENT IN A CHARIOT OF
ELIJAH'S
See II Kings
[HE
closing scene
in
the
ii.
great prophet was
of the
life
FIRE.
more marvellous and im-
pressive than any other presented, even in a career so associated with miracles, so
wrapped up
midst of
in the
fortitude
perils, his unfaltering trust
in
His undaunted courage and
God and
devotion to the Jehovistic
render him one of the most majestic characters
faith of his fathers,
Hebrew
and extraordinary events.
startling
in
prophets, and
among
the whole line of
have caused him to be associated even with Moses himself
the
in
reverence of his nation. It
was a
matter for the
difficult
artist
exceptional and extraordinary a
to represent so
scene with due impressiveness, and at the same time avoid exaggeration and preserve an
apparent naturalness, and
in
countenance of the prophet clouds
this
light the
achievement of M. Dore
quite notable.
The
benignant, his form majestic, and the sweeping action of the
is
represent the whirlwind which bore
to
is
him
aloft
finely
is
conceived and executed.
What follows is the account given in II Kings of the prophet's translation "And it came to pass when the Lord would take up Elijah into heaven by a whirlwind, that Elijah went with Elisha from Gilgal. And Elijah said unto Elisha, Tarry here, I pray thee for the Lord hath sent me to Bethel and Elisha said unto him, As the Lord liveth, and as thy soul liveth, I will not leave thee. So they went down to Bethel. And :
the
;
Knowest thou Yea,
said,
pray thee
know
I
were
at
I
will
take
Lord hath sent me
away thy master from thy head to-day ?
came
Elisha,
to
And
to Jericho
Elijah said :
So they came
not leave thee.
will
Jericho
take away thy
Lord
hold ye your peace.
it,
for the
:
the
that
thy soul liveth, that
Prophets that were at Bethel, came forth to Elisha, and said unto him.
sons of the
And
he
As
And
the
Lord
liveth,
I
and as
the sons of the Prophets
and said unto him, Knowest thou
and he answered, Yea,
master from thy head to-day?
he
unto him, Elisha, tarry here,
said,
to Jericho.
And
Lord
that the I
know
it,
will
hold ye
And Elijah said unto him, Tarry, I pray thee, here: for the Lord hath sent me to Jordan. And he said, As the Lord liveth, and as thy soul liveth, I will not leave thee. And they two went on. And fifty men of the sons of the Prophets went, and stood And Elijah took his mantle, and wrapped to view afar off; and they two stood by Jordan.
your peace.
it
together,
and smote the waters, and they were divided hither and
thither, so that they
two
went over on dry ground.
when they were gone over, that Elijah said unto Elisha, Ask what I shall do for thee, before I be taken away from thee. And Elisha said, I pray thee, And he said, Thou hast asked a hard thing let a double portion of thy spirit be upon me.
"And
it
nevertheless, not,
it
came
if
shall not
to
pass,
when I am taken from And it came to pass as they
thou see me,
be
so.
there
appeared a chariot of
Elijah
went up by a whirlwind
fire,
and horses of
into heaven."
4
l
fire,
thee, still
it
shall
be so unto thee: but
went on and
if
talked, that behold,
and parted them both asunder, and
4i
4
THE DEATH OF See
N
the
book of Kings
first
Kings
I
xxi,
xxii
II
;
JEZEBEL. Kings
ix.
recorded the story of Jezebel's wickedness
is
her persecution of the prophets and her crime against Naboth contains the account of her painful and tragic death.
palace of her husband, received to
his
King Ahab, which he greatly desired
chamber
great disquiet, and
in
brooded
foolishly
idolatry,
book
the second
There was a vineyard near the
to possess
as an inheritance from his fathers, refused to part with
it
;
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;her
over
his
it,
;
but Naboth,
who had
and so the king retired
disappointment.
Jezebel,
perceiving the distress of her husband, bade him arise and eat and be merry of heart, and
promised that the vineyard of Naboth should be given him. against Naboth that he had blasphemed against fury of the people,
who took him
Ahab now thought thither to
enjoy
it;
from the
forth
himself secure
God and city
palace,
seen
his house,
at the wall of Jezreel.
all
who condemned
and prophesied that the
him,
guilty
Jehu was afterwards appointed to reign
in
may avenge
with his
armed
the blood of
my
servants the
hand of Jezebel."
followers, beneath the
windows of
Jezebel's
obedience to his command, are hurling her to the earth below.
There, at the base of the wall and her.
I
the servants of the Lord, at the
in the picture,
and her attendants,
and devour
all
house of Ahab thy master, that
Prophets, and the blood of is
to death.
and thus was he commissioned by the young prophet who anointed him: "Thou
shalt smite the
Jehu
and stoned him
be charged
to
This brought upon him the
but he was quickly sought by the prophet Elijah,
queen should be eaten by dogs Israel,
the king.
it
the possession of the coveted vineyard, and proceeded
in
gave warning of the impending destruction of over
Then she caused
among
The composition
is
the
armed host are
spirited,
almost to cause a shudder to the beholder. 42
the savage dogs, waiting to tear
carefully executed,
but withal so
realistic as
42
:
ESTHER CONFOUNDING HAMAN. See Esther
|STHER, and
his favorite courtier
On
Jews.
known her the King, sold,
I,
the beautiful Jewess,
my life be my people, to
adversary and enemy, the
And the and Haman
Queen.
garden
:
that there
was
evil
I
Then
he? and where
is
enemy
the
Persia,
banquets the king
of Mordecai, Esther's "cousin, and of the
have found favor
my
at
had held
the king
petition,
this
my
slain,
and and
in
my
people at
to perish
:
tongue, although, the
presume
my
but
King, and
if it
request.
For we are
we had been
if
enemy could not
in his heart to
king arising from the banquet of wine
make request
for his
life
determined against him by the King."
in his
to
And
do so?
Then Haman was
wicked Haman.
stood up to
O
thy sight,
makes please
sold for
countervail
Ahasuerus answered, and said unto Esther the Queen
he, that durst
is
is
me
I
be destroyed, to be
bondmen, and bondwomen,
Who
Haman,
words, "If
given
let
the king's damage.
queen of Ahasuerus, king of
the second day of the banquet, at the request of the King, Esther
petition, in these
and
vii.
Esther
afraid before the
said,
The
King and
wrath, went into the palace
Esther the
The queenly
Queen
:
for
he saw
dignity of Esther, the
piercing look of the king, indicating his kindling wrath and angry suspicion, and the guilty
consciousness of the
Haman,
exhibit in a high' degree
artist.
43
the graphic
skill
and dramatic force
of
;
ISAIAH.
SAIAH,
the
most magnificent of the Prophets
Lord the Saviour trays
with his Lord.
this
isolated
words burning with the
him kneeling on the mountain
cliff,
;
above, the bending skies.
and striking scene,
in
unison
44
foretold the
;
in hill
The
rapt
and
artist
God
coming of our
The scene porand awe-struck communion
inspiration of
bent
Before him a grand sweep of country
waters desolate and wide in
in
He who
!
valley,
!
mountain and ravine
has rarely been happier than
with the subject of his sketch.
44
;
:
THE DESTRUCTION OF SENNACHERIB'S HOST. See Isaiah xxxvi., xxxvii.
ENNACHERIB, his father
Sargon
when
at a time
the
power becoming greatly reduced. minion over the surrounding nations.
By
throne
of
glory of the kingdom was waning and
its
successive conquests
was sent from Lachish, under render pitulate,
battle
The
of Jerusalem.
taking the
command
was
to
occur,
The Angel
finest
so
of the
"
Judah
all
"
went
Then
dosub-
had gained by
Hezekiah the
of
sur-
but during the night before the
;
and smote
forth,
thousand
five
we
like a
place
the
wolf on the
fold, ;
when Summer
forest
is
sea
green,
host, with their banners, at sunset were seen,
Autumn
Like the leaves of the forest when
That host on the morrow
For the Angel of Death spread
his
hath blown,
and strown.
lay wither'd
wings on the
blast,
And And And
breathed in the face of the foe as he pass'd;
And
there lay the steed with his nostrils
the eyes of the sleepers wax'd deadly
But through
it
all
cold as the spray of the rock-beating
And
there lay the rider distorted
the foam of his gasping lay white
dew on
still
wide,
his
and
on the
pale,
the tents were
The
lances unlifted, the trumpet unblown.
And And And
the
all silent,
the banners alone,
widows of Ashur are loud
in their wail,
the idols are broken in the temple of Baal
the might of the Gentile, unsmote like
turf,
surf.
brow, and the rust on his mail
And
Hath melted
chill
there roll'd not the breath of his pride
And And
the
and
once heav'd, and forever grew
their hearts but
snow
;
.
by the sword,
in the glance of the Lord.
45
the
camp
!
of the in
the
subject of one of the
before the picture
it
And his cohorts were gleaming in purple and gold And the sheen of. their spears were like stars on the When the blue wave rolls lightly on deep Galilee. Like the leaves of the
in
and when they arose early
;
This event forms
of Byron, and
The Assyrian came down
With
that she
demand
:
That
his
a large portion of his army
cities,
to take the city
dead corpses."
all
Hebrew Melodies
admirably describes
extended
he
Euphrates, he carried his con-
of Rabshakeh, to
of the Lord
Assyrians a hundred and four score and
morning behold they were
the
king, following the advice of Isaiah the prophet, refused to ca-
and the invaders were preparing "
from
defended
the
all
and
Tigris
quering legions into Egypt and Palestine, wresting After
to
First he crushed a revolt in Babylonia.
duing one after another of the tribes along the
the valor of Hezekiah.
kings, succeeded
the mightiest of the Assyrian
which
it
45
BARUCH. See Jeremiah xxxii., xxxvi.
ARUCH
was of noble
lineage,
and gained
distinction for his superior acquirements,
as well as through his relation with the prophet Jeremiah, ion
and amanuensis he became, writing
his
terwards reading them to assemblages of the people the words of the
prophet were
miah, and
man know where ye
let
no
but they laid up the the ear of the king."
concealed
be.
said
fire,
in the
And
Temple.
Baruch,
to
they went
Go
"
the whole roll
The
"
princes
who heard
hide thee, thou and Jere-
Scribe,
and
told all
the words in
for the roll containing the prophecies,
was consumed.
them out with
added besides unto them many
but
his penknife
Baruch and Jeremiah had
and while thus secure against the wrath of the
whole of the prophecies, and
compan-
to the king into the court,
in
the sentences were read, he cut
till
friend,
prophecies from dictation, and after-
chamber of Elishama, the
the
that, as
into the
themselves,
and
Then King Jehoiakim sent
was so much displeased and threw them
in
roll
afraid,
whose
like
king,
words."
re-wrote the
Baruch was
afterwards imprisoned with Jeremiah, and was also carried with him to Egypt, where, according to one tradition, he died. artist
Another asserts
that his days
has represented him reclining upon the hard prison
about him,
in
rapt meditation.
rowful cast of countenance tion in the great
work
to
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;one
He that
has an
intense
would seem
which he was
called.
46
to
and
were ended
floor,
in
Babylon.
The
with his rolls of manuscript
introspective, but patient
and
sor-
convey the impression of entire absorp-
„
H m
".;'
|
i
v
""","'"'
1&$$
life MV
It
46
•.,'
;;':.
r'':"«|
EZEKIEL PROPHESYING. See Ezekiel
HE
second chapter of the book of Ezekiel begins with an account of the Prophet's
commission, "
And
these words
in
:
he said unto me, son of man, stand upon thy
thee.
And
that
heard him that spake unto
I
ii.
the spirit
entered into me, when
me
unto me, son of man,
said
me
the children of Israel, to a rebellious nation that hath rebelled against fathers have transgressed against me, even unto this very day.
dren and the
stiff-hearted.
Lord God.
And
briars
And
they,
whether they
know
hear or whether they
will
But
lious like that rebellious
The awaken
and thou dost dwell
thee,
thou, son of
house
among
forbear (for they
will
scorpions
and
zeal.
appeals and solemn
apparently
I
open thy mouth, and eat
From
— warnings —with
the
is
of
And
that
thou shalt
forbear, for they
Be not thou
commanding presence
parable,
the
brow may
proverbs,
— one
indeed
interest,
to approach him nearer.
47
his
to
own
well have sprung the noble
poems,
which his writings abound.
rebel-
give thee."
and infuse them with some portion of
that freighted
listen with thoughtful
will
say unto thee. I
though
be not afraid of their
:
hear or whether they
man, hear what
the sluggish hearts of his listeners
thought and glowing^ imagery few who
:
will
prophet, as represented in the picture,
sincerity, earnestness
chil-
been a prophet among them.
that there hath
words unto them, whether they
are most rebellious.
their
For they are impudent
thou, son of man, be not afraid of them, neither be afraid of their words,
and thorns be with
my
send thee to
They and
:
words, nor be dismayed at their looks, though they be a rebellious house.
speak
I
feet,
do send thee unto them, and thou shalt say unto them, Thus saith
I
are a rebellious house), yet shall "
speak unto
will
I
me upon my
he spake unto me, and set
And he
:
and
feet,
At
allegories, his feet are
the
pathetic
gathered a
while those beyond seem yet too timid
47
THE VISION OF
EZEKIEL.
See Ezekiel xxxvii.
URING
King Jehoiachin (about 590 b. c), Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, besieged Jerusalem, and carried away as captives the king and many of the the
Among
people.
Temple
in the
is
it
He
at Jerusalem.
who had
Buzi,
personal
recorded that he received the
and
history, gift
subsequent
esteem by
but
history,
his people,
it
is
The book
this
but
is
of prophecy in the
supposed that he died
fifth
the
In
first
year of Jehoiachin's Little
He was
held
known
is
of
the highest
in
His writings
important occasions.
all
prophecies
of his
meagre.
twenty years.
in exile.
and was consulted by them upon
formerly been a priest
near the Chebar, a river flowing
settled, with other exiles,
His prophecies cover a period of more than
captivity.
his
them was Ezekiel, the son of
only account of his
the
furnishes
chapter
of
Euphrates, and here his prophetic ministry began.
the
into
reign
are characterized by a lofty spirit of devotion and moral earnestness, and he exhibited the
most intense
zeal
and strength of purpose
accompanying engraving the Valley of
the
in
artist gives
his character
in
set
The hand me down
Dry Bones, which represented
of the
Lord was upon me, and
unhappy condition of
the
was
And
O
:
bones
I
will
sinews upon you, and
and ye
in you, "
So
I
the
cause breath
open valley; and
And
to
enter
Thus
saith the
and ye
into you,
shall
know was commanded
and ye
prophesied as
I
shall
that :
am
I
and as
the sinews and the flesh
came up upon them, and
was no breath
Then
them.
said he unto me,
man, and say unto the wind, Thus
and breathe upon these
me, and
the-
I
to pass
lo,
by
they were
O
answered,
Lord
Lord God unto these
And
live.
will
I
lay
the Lord. I
prophesied, there was a noise, and
And when
behold a shaking, and the bones came together, bone to his bone.
breath,
me
bring up flesh upon you, and cover you with skin, and put breath
will
shall live,
in
and
the Spirit of the Lord,
in
Again he said unto me, Prophesy upon these bones, and say unto
ye dry bones, hear the word of the Lord.
Behold,
;
out
he said unto me, Son of man, can these bones live?
God, thou knowest.
them
in
but with
Israel,
of bones, and caused
full
them round about, and behold, there were very many very dry.
In the
life.
me
carried
the midst of the valley which
in
his high calling.
in
a thrilling and powerful presentation of the vision
promises of consolation and of a renewal of the national "
and
saith
slain, that
the
they
breath came into them, and they
the skin covered
beheld,
I
them above
;
lo,
but there
Prophesy unto the wind, prophesy, son of
Lord God
may
live.
lived,
;
Come
So
I
from the four winds,
commanded
prophesied as he
and stood up upon
O
their
feet,
an ex-
ceeding great army.
Then he said unto me, Son of man, these bones are the whole house of Israel behold they say Our bones are dried, and our hope is lost, we are cut off for our parts. Therefore prophesy and say unto them, Thus saith the Lord God, Behold, O my people, I will open your graves, and cause you to come up out of your graves, and bring you into the land of Israel. And ye shall know that I am the Lord, when I have opened your graves, O my "
:
:
up out of your graves, And
people, and brought you shall live,
spoken
it,
and
I
shall place
and performed
you
it,
in
your own land
saith the Lord."
48
:
shall
put
then shall ye
my
know
spirit in
that
I
you, and ye
the
Lord have
DANIEL.
ANIEL,
called
by Gabriel the
consistent figures to us in the
the Jewish
ment from
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; consistent
the king's table, desired
the fourth of
the great prophets
;"
"
as
He
story.
is
introduced"
being one of the four personages of
and water
eat,
and although nothing
into high favor
forms one of the most
Assyrian court, refusing the dainty nutri-
royal
pulse to
Old Testament
in
name
his
the
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
probable that he was of noble or even of royal descent. ing drew to a close, he comes
of God,"
greatly beloved
in itself
book which bears
captivity (b.c. 604) who, at
"
"
is
As
to drink."
known
He
considered
is
of his lineage,
it
seems
his three years of court train-
on the occasion of Nebuchadnezzar's dream,
which he alone was found capable of translating.
A
second dream of the king's he also
afterwards interprets, and yet again the handwriting which appeared on the wall at Belshazzar's feast.
prosperity,
Under and
it
the reign of Darius,
was
in
"
the
on the banks of the Tigris." prophet, scroll
in
third
and
at the accession of Cyrus, he
year of Cyrus
The contemplative
hand, by the river-side,
is
" that
"
he saw his
figure given us
last
still
recorded vision
by M. Dore of the great
simple and grand, wedded withal
of the sadness of a captive's mien.
49
retained his
to
something
,
%-.
49 jK _-
THE FIERY FURNACE. See Daniel
EBUCHADNEZZAR,
the king,
made a
iii.
magnificent image of gold and set
the plain of Dura, in the province of Babylon."
kingdom were summoned
to
words: "At what time ye hear the sound of the cornet,
and
all
kinds of music, ye
King hath
set
up
fall
and whoso
;
falleth
not
down and
the great officers of his in
harp, sackbut, psaltery, dulcimer,
worshipeth, shall the
same hour be
captivity,
and, accused by their enemies, are
will
summoned
not
comply with
before
the
this
than
it
lives.
was wont
They to
cast
idolatrous
king, where, notwith-
standing his anger, they are yet given another opportunity of worshipping the image
saving their
these
But Shadrach, Meshach and Abed-nego, the three
companions of Daniel, men of the Jewish ;
flute,
up "in
down, and worship the golden image that Nebuchadnezzar the
into the midst of a burning fiery furnace."
command
all
and proclamation was made
dedication,
its
Then
it
refuse and are cast into the furnace heated
be heated." *
50
and
"one seven times more
SO
— —— : :
——
;
; ;
BELSHAZZARS FEAST. ELSHAZZAR was
the last of the Babylonian kings, and it is claimed, on good authority, by Sir Henry Rawlinson and others that he was the grandson of Nebuchadnezzar, and only shared with his father Nabonadius in the government of the kingdom but that on the invasion of the Persians Nabonadius advanced to meet Cyrus, leaving Belshazzar upon the throne in Babylon. This agrees with the Bible account that Daniel was the third ruler By diverting the river into another channel, Cyrus and his army were enabled in the kingdom. While the Persians were thus engaged, at dead of to march into the city through its dry bed. night, the court of Belshazzar were holding a grand feast in the palace. During their revelry the king ordered the sacred vessels belonging to the Temple of Jerusalem, which had been carried away by Nebuchadnezzar, to be brought forth, and from these they "drank wine, and praised the gods of gold and of silver, of brass, of iron, of wood, and of stone. In the same hour came forth fingers of a man's hand, and wrote over against the candlestick upon the plaster of the wall of the king's palace, and the king saw the part of the hand that wrote. Then the king's countenance was changed, and his thoughts troubled him, so that the joints of his loins were loosed, and his knees smote one against another." He hastily summoned the Then the wise men of Babylon but none of them could interpret the strange characters. queen remembered Daniel, as one in whom was "light and understanding anu excellent wisdom." He was called, and thus read and interpreted the handwriting: "Mene, mene, tekel This is the interpretation of the thing: Mene God hath numbered thy kingdom, upharsin. and finished it. Tekel thou art weighed in the balances and art found wanting. Peres thy kingdom is divided, and given to the Medes and Persians." The artist has portrayed this scene most impressively. Before the sumptuous court stands the prophet, pointing towards the fateful message he was called to decipher, while from the wall upon which the fear-smitten revellers gaze is poured down a flood of supernal light, dazzling the beholders, and illumining the richly sculptured walls and brilliant costumes. The massive architecture of the palace adds much to the effectiveness of the picture. Byron has ;
;
—
—
—
thus graphically described the scene
The king was on his throne, The Satraps throng'd the hall;
A
Chaldea's seers are good, But here they have no skill And the unknown letters stood
A
And
thousand bright lamps shone O'er that high festival. thousand cups of gold In Judah deem'd Divine Jehovah's vessels hold
The
Untold and awful
—
godless heathen's wine.
A
In that same hour and hall, The fingers of a hand
captive in the land, stranger and a youth He heard the king's command, He saw that writing's truth.
A
Came forth against the wall And wrote as if on sand The fingers of a man
The lamps around were bright, The prophecy in view;
;
A
solitary
Along
And
hand
He
the letters ran traced them like a wand.
saw, and shook, bade no more rejoice All bloodless wax'd his look,
tremulous his voice.
"Let the men of lore appear The wisest of the earth, the words of fear royal mirth."
Which mar our
it
on that night, it
true
'Belshazzar's grave is made, His kingdom pass'd away He in the balance weighed Is light and worthless clay.
And
And expound
read
The morrow proved
The monarch
And
still.
Babel's men of age Are wise and deep in lore But now they were not sage They saw but knew no more.
The shroud
his
robe of
state,
His canopy the stone; 51
The Mede is at his gate, The Persian on his throne."
5i
DANIEL IN THE LIONS' DEN. See Daniel
lARIUS
the
kingdom.
Mede had been
a decree
chief over
—
in these
and the princes against him.
his faithfulness to his
God.
words: "That whosoever
days, save of thee,
O
To
They
this
which, according to the law of the
Medes and
is
cast into the lions' den.
him
—held
in
God
and
"
or
The
—
is
his
to establish
man
for thirty
king, evidently
is
thereby cunningly ensnared, and, to the
God
preserves him
;
pit,
and
his enemies,
52
by
there to be instantly
subdued around
a successful and spirited delineation
miraculous scene.
only
signed the writing and the decree,"
figure of Daniel, with the ferocious beasts
check by an invisible power
them
to
end they persuade the king
order of the equally ensnared and angry monarch, are thrown into the
The resigned and noble
heart, excites
Persians, once signed, could not be altered.
Daniel, faithful in his daily supplications to God,
sincere grief of the king,
human is
King, he shall be cast into the den of lions." it,
rulers in his
the
therefore, unable to find
ask a petition of any
shall
flattered at this proposal, foolishly consented to
destroyed.
all
Daniel's government, resolved to attack him on what
flaw in
vulnerable point
pleased to set Daniel
This preference, acting as usual on the envy of the
the other presidents fault or
vi.
of this
52
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
THE PROPHET AMOS. See
MOS, one
Amos
was
of the minor prophets,
i.-ix.
called
from humble
herd at Tekoa, and also a dresser of sycamore about 800
is
king of also
Israel).
against
abound
the
His
directed. in
the things In the
intolerable
style
clear
is
oppression
of
the
earlier years.
him
familiar to
in his
There
and
figure solemn
objects; as well as
is
little
majestic,
variety in
It
is
wall,
towers and walls. scene suggests
is
and
The
at the
rest
is
one of utter
far horizon
line are
sins,
as
His writings
employments
supposed that he wrote at Tekoa.
into
lost
in
the solitude of his
strong relief against a
bril-
In the foreground a small cluster
stunted cactus struggles through the sand and rocks, the dull
by a projecting
to agricultural
his staff,
and brought
the landscape.
Jeroboam,
and against these
rising to a lofty strain.
engraving we see the prophet leaning upon
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;a
date of his prophecies
were the prophet's sternest rebukes
and vigorous, sometimes
most
having been a shep-
king of Judah, and
idolatry,
poor,
and
The
trees.
Uzziah,
was a period of luxury and gross
allusions to natural scenes
own thoughts liant sky.
It
(during the reigns of
B.C.
life,
level space
beyond
is
broken
dimly traced the outlines of the
but a vast expanse of earth and sky.
The
of
city's
feeling which the
loneliness.
53
N,
V-*5
"
JONAH CALLING NINEVEH TO REPENTANCE. See Jonah
ONAH,
i-iii.
the son of Amittai, one of the five minor
Hebrew
prophets, was born in
Gathhepher, a small town in Lower Galilee. But few details of his life are given, and these are found only in the book which bears his name, although allusion is made It is supposed that he lived during the reign of to him in other portions of the Scriptures. Jeroboam II., and some writers maintain that he 'was the first of the prophets. The book of Jonah begins with the statement that the word of the Lord came unto him, saying, "Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and cry against it for their wickedness is come up before me." Nineveh was the capital of the Assyrian empire, and one of the largest and wealthiest cities of antiquity "an exceeding great city of three days' journey," says the prophet surrounded by a wall twenty feet high, and so wide that three chariots could be driven side by side upon it. It abounded in gardens, in rare sculptured temples and in sumptuous palaces panelled with alabaster, one of them covering an area of nearly one hundred acres. It was this city, which in the plenitude of its splendor and power had given itself up to wickedness and debauchery, that Jonah was commanded to warn of approaching destruction. Fearing to execute this command, he " rose up to flee unto Tarshish, from the presence of the Lord," embarking at Joppa on a small vessel going thither. During the voyage a storm arose of such violence as to threaten the destruction of the vessel. The mariners were in great fear, and said to each other, "Come and let us cast lots, that we may know for whose cause this evil is upon us. So they cast lots, and the lot fell upon Jonah." He was thrown overboard, but was swallowed by a great fish, which did not devour him, but, at the end of three days and nights, cast him forth upon dry land, and he was again sent to Nineveh. Passing into the city a day's journey, he began to preach, announcing the destruction of the city within forty days and exhorting the people to repentance. They believed him, and did repent. A fast was proclaimed, and even the king put on sackcloth and sat in ashes. "And God saw their works, that they turned from their evil way, and God repented of the evil that he had said that he would do unto them, and ;
—
he did
it
The
—
not."
shown in the engraving, betrays itself both in the attitudes and countenances of his listeners. A group surrounds him, apparently made up of all classes. Some appear awed by the majesty of his presence and others overcome by the commanding force of his words; some gaze upon him curiously almost distrustfully, while others have bowed their heads or prostrated themselves in humble contrition before him. Even the more The picture also distant groups have been aroused by the solemn fervor of his exhortation. A palace helps to convey some idea of the architectural magnificence of "the great city." of its massiveness rising in the background, one vast colonnade above another, shows the structures, while the variety of their design and the richness of their ornamentation are seen There also is the winged bull with in the foreground, in pedestal, shaft and sculptured capital. human head, a form of symbolism common among the Assyrians, found on all their monumental remains, and still the admiration of the historian and the archaeologist. effect of Jonah's appeal, as
—
54
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'I
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•:•-..:•
;
DANIEL CONFOUNDING THE PRIESTS OF BEL. See Apocrypha
N
this story
Cyrus
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; "Bel
represented as King of Persia, and Daniel as standing high
is
the royal estimation.
It
this idol
totally
wonder
the king's
is
the idol that he himself adores.
though he holds
to please his royal master,
and the Dragon."
that
favorite does not worship
Daniel, faithful to his God, will not comply, even in his
Bel every day a large quantity of food
hands the power of
accustomed
is
to
life
and death.
Before
be placed, which, as
it
has
disappeared each morning, the king sincerely believes to have been consumed by the
from which he infers that Bel must be a god indeed.
idol,
his
in
the priests are
summoned, and
they, in order to
Daniel denies
this;
accordingly
prove that the viands are consumed by the
image, propose that the daily offering of food shall be brought as usual into the temple, and the doors sealed, so that
morning, Daniel shall
none can enter
die,
to disturb
it;
therefore the food has vanished in the
if
as having spoken blasphemy against Bel
they profess themselves ready to perish.
The food
;
but,
brought, the doors sealed, but Daniel
is
has taken the precaution to have the floor of the temple strewn with ashes of the king. night, of
The
priests,
entering with their families by a hidden way, are
consuming the provisions placed before the
themselves safe from
all
otherwise, then
if
statue,
in
the presence
the habit, every
in
and thus they evidently consider
detection, and, with the usual regardlessness of idolators for
bloodshed, would only rejoice at Daniel's destruction.
human
But the morning comes; the king and
Daniel enter.
"And the king said, And as soon as whole.
Daniel, are the seals whole?
mark and
and held the king
well
And
who showed him the table.
him and
art,
O
Bel,
and with thee
that he should not
whose footsteps are
children.
he
said,
Yea,
O
he had opened the door, the king looked upon the
with a loud voice, Great thou Daniel,
And
these.
And
go
in,
and
the king said,
is
no deceit at
said, I
all.
King, they be
table,
and cried
Then laughed
Behold now the pavement, and
see the footsteps of men,
women
then the king was angry, and took the priests with their wives and children,
the privy door,
where they came
in
and consumed such things as were upon
Therefore the king slew them, and delivered Bel into Daniel's power, who destroyed his
temple." 55
HELIODORUS PUNISHED See II Maccabees
NE
iii.
Simon, of the tribe of Benjamin, who was made governor of the temple,
out with
the
governor of Celosyria and Phenice, and
sums of money, so
account of the
sacrifices,
to
fell
And when
he could not
Apollonius, the son of Thraseas,
who then was
high priest about disorder in the
overcome Onias, he gat him
infinite
THE TEMPLE.
IN
city.
him that the treasury
told
in
Jerusalem was
full
of
that the multitude of their riches, which did not pertain to the
was innumerable, and that
was possible
it
bring
to
all
into the
king's hand."
Apollonius then comes to Seleucus, king of Asia, and informs him of
He comes
then commissions his treasurer, Heliodorus, to bring him the money.
and questions the high up
for
the relief of
property.
priest of the city,
widows and
in
some of
fatherless children," but that
command
in
The high
of his master.
*
*
horse with a terrible rider upon him, and adorned with a very
Heliodorus with his fore
complete harness of gold.
feet,
the ground, and
and put him
the
full all
the
laid
was private
and the whole
priest
city
Suddenly, "as he was there
seemed
covering, and he ran fiercely,
fair
that he that sat
upon
the horse
had
in
many
apparel,
who stood by him on
sore stripes.
And
Heliodorus that
either side,
fell
and
suddenly unto
were with him took him
into a litter."
salient
movement
horse and his avenging in those fleeing
it
"there appeared unto them an
was compassed with great darkness; but they
This engraving conveys,
apprehend the
and
and comely
scourged him continually, and gave him
to
money
Moreover, two other young men appeared before him, notable
in strength, excellent in beauty,
up,
Jerusalem
great distress; the priests and the multitude also sought aid through prayer.
present himself, with his guard, about the treasury,"
at
also
it
who
attempting to possess himself of
"Nevertheless, Heliodorus executed that which was decreed."
and smote
to
informs him "that there was such
Heliodorus, however, determined to persevere
the treasure, according to the
were now
who
this treasure,
in
a masterly way, the
and picturesque points of of which his theme
rider,
is
artist's
his subject,
This
capable.
with the attendant angels,
in
from the stately precincts of the temple. 56
sense of grandeur, his readiness
and is
his
power of representing
shown
in the
the fallen leader
to
splendid winged
and
his guard,
and
56
THE NATIVITY. See Luke
ii.
|0 the company of shepherds watching their flocks by night, the announcement
by the "Angel of the Lord" of the the flocks are fed by night
birth of Jesus.
itself
profoundly upon the character.
these sultry lands, where
In
and housed by day, the shepherds have the lonely
watches for undisturbed thought, and to devout and earnest It
men
was therefore appropriate
made
is
it
is
night-
a time that impresses
that the
"Shepherd of our
Souls" should thus have been announced to these simple and undoubtedly earnest-hearted men. Their "glorifying and praising
shepherds that the future
Lord of
all,
artist
the
God" shows
has depicted.
Redeemer
signification
—
all
power
in
utter
The
—lying on
unerringly to the deepest chords of the
the spirit of their mind,
his
it is
this visit
of the
infant Saviour,
lovely in his helplessness
mother's knees,
is
human
weakness
and
—and
heart, for
it
57
a representation that appeals
has also another and sweetest
endears the sacred character of
mother, as protectress of the infant Christ, as nothing else can.
— the
The
picture
is
woman and
very charming
57
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
THE STAR
IN
THE
See Matthew
HIS most
interesting incident in the
EAST.
ii.
of Christ
life
mentioned by
is
St.
Matthew
Tradition, in adding to the simple narrative of the Apostle, has adorned
ways,
among which
also the constituting in the Biblical
length,
The number, however,
them kings.
much owing
in
number of the Wise men, and the Magi is left totally undecided
of
increasing their retinue to an indefinite extent.
useless discussion has been to
expended upon
the enthusiasm roused
Christian times, in the search after sacred
are discovered somewhere in the East. in
Much
this subject.
by the Empress Helena, during the
earlier
bodies of the Magi
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;these
relics,
primitive pilgrims, considered by the church as "the
be placed
various
account, and the artist has, in his gorgeously oriental rendering of the incident,
learned and also
to
in
are the appointing of three as the
taken a perfectly allowable liberty
At
it
alone.
the supposed first
Gentile worshippers of the Christ"
They are conveyed
at
once to Constantinople, there
the great church of "St. Sophia;" afterwards they are transported to Milan,
and subsequently,
in the
times of Frederick Barbarossa, from there conveyed to the magnificent
cathedral at Cologne, where
now
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;the most honored
they finally rest
This grand procession, peculiarly striking
from
the
of
all its
stately camels,
traditional relics.
with their showy
trappings and the majestic figures which surmount them, fades away into the midnight distance
with a sumptuous and half-spectral fact,
effect,
a caravan of superb suggestions,
remarkably provocative to the imagination
that, in
;
it is,
in
conjunction with the profound appropriateness
of the lustrous heavens, with their Herald Star dominant over beautiful picture.
58
all,
forms an exceptionally
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
THE FLIGHT INTO See Matthew
ITTER mourning and woe were to slay Jesus
of the
and
his
was
baffled;
Lord appeared
to
be
my
ii.
brought upon Bethlehem by Herod; but
when
Joseph
in
the wise
men had
night,
and departed
fulfilled
into
When
I
his
purpose
departed, "behold the angel
a dream, saying, Arise, and take the
mother, and flee into Egypt, and be thou there until
seek the young child to destroy him.
by
for
EGYPT.
bring thee word
:
young
child
Herod
for
he arose he took the young child and
his
Egypt, and was there until the death of Herod: that
which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying, Out of Egypt have
will
mother it
might
I
called
son."
The father,
artist
has
mother and
here child,
presented a very sweet and tender scene. with their plodding, patient beast
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;have
just
The little group mounted some rising
ground, from which Joseph throws a backward glance of troubled watchfulness, while Mary's countenance, raised to heaven, seems to rest alone unconscious, dreams in
its
in
the help she so divinely seeks
;
the child,
mother's arms a wakeful dream under the deep, calm skies. 59
THE MASSACRE OF THE INNOCENTS. See Matthew
EROD, who
and thus established
2,7,
Senate King- of Judea, conquered
his authority
over the whole country.
was signalized throughout by the most wanton deeds of
reign falling
Roman
had been appointed by the
Jerusalem B. C.
even
ii.
upon
his
kindred and the nobles of
court.
his
It
His
vengeance
cruelty, his
had been predicted by the
prophets that there would come a Prince of the house of David to restore and reign over the nation and purify the Church, and this prophecy
men came
the wise
in the East,
it
was
And
among
And
written by the prophet:
the Princes of Juda
;
what time the
young
which they saw
When
child was.
"And when mother, and
fell
they were
come
for
;
it
till
search
again, that
they had heard the king they departed, and
lo,
came and stood over where
gifts,
house, they
the
into
down and worshipped him
:
saw the young
and when they had opened
gold and frankincense and myrrh.
I
may
the star
the
young
And
child with
Mary
his
their treasures, they
being warned of
God
in
a
own country another
*
*
"Then Herod, when he saw and sent
Go and
said,
me word
dream, that they should not return to Herod, they departed into their *
demanded
land of Juda, art not the least
he sent them to Bethlehem, and
went before them,
and
troubled,"
they saw the star they rejoiced with exceeding great joy.
presented unto him
way."
"
come a Governor that shall rule my people the Wise men, inquired of them diligently
privily called
When
also.
the East
in
in the
and when ye have found him, bring
child,
come and worship him
thou Bethlehem
And
star appeared.
diligently for the
whose Star they had seen
they said unto him, In Bethlehem of Judea
for out of thee shall
Then Herod, when he had
Israel.
when
hence,
;
Calling together the Chief Priests and Scribes, "he
of them where Christ should be born. it is
the Jews,
keeping with the character of Herod that he should be
should seek to destroy him.
thus
King of
to Jerusalem, inquiring for the in
was cherished by the Jews
forth,
and slew
all
that he
was mocked of the Wise men, was exceeding wroth,
the children that
were
Bethlehem, and
in
in all the coasts thereof,
from two years old and under, according to the time which he had diligently inquired of the
Wise men.
Then was
fulfilled that
which was spoken by Jeremy the Prophet, saying, In
Ramah
was there a voice heard, lamentation, and weeping, and great mourning, Rachel weeping
for
her children, and would not be comforted, because they are not." It is
painful to dwell
and yet the
upon a scene of such wild and
picture, with all
monstrous deed.
The
its
literalness,
and hopeless frenzy
of the
mothers are
closely are sacrificed with them.
By
From all
is
here portrayed,
can scarcely exhibit adequately the horror of the
begun the work of blood, have abandoned
soldiers of Herod, having
themselves to the most reckless cruelty.
ruthless ferocity as
their
in vain
the stairway
;
is
vengeance there
and those who
is
no escape.
shield their
almost overtaken, she can go no farther, and, prone upon the ground, as a she covers them with her body as her only shield.
60
little
ones too
a mother with her three babes, awaiting,
with the calmness of despair, the destruction to which they are surely doomed.
fate,
The agony
Surrounded,
pitiful effort
against
6o
THE DOCTORS.
JESUS QUESTIONING See Luke
HIS scene
is
laid in the
Temple
ii.
at Jerusalem.
doctors and expounders of the law
An
earnest group of
—are gathered around
men
—learned They not
the child Jesus.
alone listen intently to his words, but their features show the unfeigned astonishment
and awe with which they regard him, as old doctrines first
and power of uttering new
public ministry of Christ
"Now
his
fulfilled
Joseph and
thus recorded in
is
his
old,
the days, as they returned, the child Jesus tarried behind in Jerusalem,
But they supposing him
it.
their kinsfolk
to
have been
that after three days they found
him
in
And when
And
all
my
father's business?
And he went down mother kept in favor with
all
And
that heard
company,
And when
came
it
to pass,
him were astonished
they saw him, they were amazed
unto him, Son, why hast thou thus dealt with us? he said unto them,
And
and
the Temple, sitting in the midst of the Doctors, both
hearing them, and asking them questions.
understanding and answers.
in the
and acquaintance.
they found him not, they turned back again to Jerusalem, seeking him.
about
And when And when
they went up to Jerusalem, after the custom of the feast.
mother knew not of
And
of this
Luke:
went a day's journey and they sought him among
sorrowing.
The account
unfolded before them.
truths, are
parents went to Jerusalem every year, at the feast of the Passover.
he was twelve years they had
marvellous knowledge and insight, his grasp of
his
How
is it
:
Behold, thy father and
that ye sought
me?
and I
his
at his
mother said
have sought thee
Wist ye not
that
I
must be
they understood not the saying which he spake unto them.
with them, and
came
these sayings in her heart.
to Nazareth,
And
and was subject unto them: But
Jesus increased
in
wisdom and
stature,
his
and
God and man."
—
The composition of the picture is admirable harmonious and well balanced throughout. There is much skill shown in the grouping, the attitudes are unconstrained and graceful, and the intense and varying emotions expressed in the countenances exhibit in a marked degree the artist's
power of expression. 61
OT
—
JESUS HEALING See Matthew
HAT a
gathering of
emaciated child idiocy,
hem
a sick
man
of his garment, and
certainly here
is
in
still
human
THE iv.
misery, helplessness
and disease
her arms, another bearing one
who has
The Saviour
— presses the forehead of the
child,
in
One
Divine
the midst
and
tells
the story with pathetic power.
62
;
— the
for
pitying friend
such alone could
fountain from which
while the rest await the power of his
miraculous touch to be delivered of their "diseases and torments." realistic,
with her
the hopeless look of
some
another, seemingly half dead, supported by
help in sorrows and extremities like these. all
The mother,
!
prostrate on the ground, a wretched cripple straining to touch the
wretchedness enough to demand the aid of
health shall flow to
SICK.
The
picture
is
sternly
SERMON ON THE MOUNT. See Matthew
ERE we
v,
vi,
vii.
behold the Saviour delivering the most sublime discourse that ever
We
mortal ears.
are told that his fame had already spread through
that great multitudes of people followed him. into a mountain,"
knowledge and were astonished Scribes."
good
will
dramatic,
It
and poured forth
"And
truth.
it
at his doctrine.
seemed
The
and well balanced
umbrageous
trees,
the
to pass
For he taught them as one having design
is
announcement of Enthroned on
followers the solemn
to the world, so
long
in
the
leader and
and sublime
darkness, those
authority,
his mission,
first
skill
mountain
comforter truths
is
and not as the
"Peace on
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; picturesque side,
new
and
beneath the
expounding
of the
earth,
to
his
dispensation,
rays of Divine benediction and
truth that henceforth shall widen into the full'and perfect day.
63
and
these sayings, the people
a superb specimen of Dore's
throughout.
Syria,
wonderful compendium of Divine
when Jesus had ended
Divinely commissioned
awakened and wondering and thus opening
came
all
on
Seeing the multitudes, he went up
to their rapt attention this
like the first great public
toward men."
"
fell
CHRIST STILLING THE TEMPEST. See Matthew
I
HE
viii.
scene here so vividly portrayed represents the incident, recorded in Matthew, of
Christ speaking to the troubled waters.
Seeing the multitudes gathered about them,
Christ and His Disciples entered into a ship
While
upon the shore of the Sea of
crossing, "there arose a great tempest in the Sea,
with the waves
:
but he was asleep.
Lord, save us:
we
Then he
and rebuked
arose,
marvelled, saying,
perish.
And
he
And saith
the winds
What manner
of
his Disciples
unto them,
insomuch that the ship was covered
came
Why
to him,
and awoke him, saying,
are ye fearful,
O
ye of
and the Sea, and there was a great calm.
man
is
this,
64
Galilee.
that even the winds
little
But the
faith?
men
and the Sea obey him."
THE DUMB MAN POSSESSED. See Matthew
HE
ix.
castellated steep with solitary palms against a clear, pale sky,
the action of this scene.
The miraculous
is
a charming
foil
to
deliverance of the unhappy demoniac,
sealed up in his silent misery, holds a wider and profounder beauty than any nature
can give.
The haunting of sorrow and
poignancy to wretchedness
itself;
ponents of nature and art around rejoice
and add
its
pain,
where
all
else
is
rich
and
fair,
seems
to
add a
yet this blighted soul, so jarring upon the beautiful comit,
is,
through the Master's Divine influence, set free to
jubilant quota to the general praise
of bird or lute, and in keeping with the
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;a song of gratitude
harmony of nature and '
65
meeter than music
the heart of man.
CHRIST IN THE SYNAGOGUE. See Matthew
ND
when he was come
into his
own
xiii.
country, he taught
insomuch that they were astonished, and
and these mighty works?
Mary? and not
all
his
Whence
Whence,
not this the Carpenter's son?
then, hath this
man
all
And
man
this
wisdom,
not his mother called his sisters, are they
these things?"
own country and amid his own people, pours out in their synagogue his instruction. The attentive hearers are at first astonished at " this wisdom
and these mighty works," and wonder whence they come.
when they remember
were among them. spiritually
An
Is
their synagogue,,
Lord, in his
gracious words of
him,
in
hath this
brethren James, and Joses, and Simon, and Judas?
with us?
Our
Is
said,
them
and
that he
is
But envy quickly arises against
"the Carpenter's son," and that his brethren and sisters
and
So
"
they were
offended
physically,
"
he did not
many mighty works
in
him,"
admirable group, with the resplendent figure of Christ 66
to
there,
their own' bitter loss,
because of their
in their midst.
both
unbelief."'
:
THE
See
HE
whole
spirit
Mark
ii.
and teaching of Jesus was opposed
narrowness of the Pharisees.
was made up of force,
ON THE SABBATH.
DISCIPLES PLUCKING CORN
With them
set observances
and
to the cold formalism
was measured by
life
With Jesus
rites.
developing and exalting the moral nature, and prompting
and
was a
religion
to
it
rule,
and intense religion vitalizing
noblest deeds.
Hence
the Pharisees were ever ready with questionings and rebukes, and watchful for every apparent
This incident recorded
infraction of the law. for his
wandering from the beaten track
in
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; the
Mark
presents them as openly rebuking him
laws and customs of their fathers.
detecting the narrow spirit of their creed, opens up before them, the strength, fullness
"And 'it came
and
why do
to pass, that
he went through the corn
they on the Sabbath day that which
Have ye never read what David were with him?
How
did,
them which were with him? for the
Sabbath
:
And
is
is
The whole scene
God
striking illustration,
is
fields
And
on the Sabbath day, and
his
the Pharisees said unto him,
not lawful
?
And
he said unto them,
and was a hungered,
he,
and they
that
in
the days of Abiathar the high Priest,
eat,
but for the Priests, and gave also to
he said unto them, The Sabbath was made for man, and not
man
is
the noble central figure,
other the transgressing Disciples.
is
need,
not lawful to
Therefore the Son of
In the picture Christ
teacher.
when he had
he went into the house of
and did eat the Shew-bread, which
man
this
liberty of his teachings
disciples began, as they went, to pluck the ears of corn.
Behold,
in
Christ,
The
Lord
also of the Sabbath."
on one side the eager Pharisees, on the
attitude of Christ
is
that of the calm
and benignant
suffused with the golden, mellow light of harvest time.
67
THE WATER.
JESUS WALKING ON
See
ESUS,
just
mountain
and cross
was
in
the
beholds them trouble,
"
the
to pray."
miracle
"toiling
in
sea,
and
five
thousand, had
the
lake.
and he alone on the
rowing;
for
the
his disciples to enter
the
a
a ship
And when even was come, the ship land." From the mountain height he
"
wind was contrary." "
" into
retired
Mindful of their
toil
and
Saviour comes to them, walking over
The affrighted disciples cry out, for they supposed it had been a spirit. " Be of good cheer The wind ceased and It is I be not afraid." terror are alike at rest. The dim "ship" against the dawning light, the
speaks â&#x20AC;&#x201D; their
the
Meanwhile he had constrained
about the fourth watch of the night
The Saviour
vi.
of feeding
to the other side of
midst of the
the swelling waves.
their toil
after
Mark
:
;
wind-swept figure of our Lord and the boisterous sea are miraculous scene. 68
all
beautiful
renderings of this
68
CHRIST'S
ENTRY INTO JERUSALEM. See
HRIST'S one hour that, after the
the final
xi.
of earthly triumph has come;
gloomy
scene.,
Mark
it
all,
The
the graceful
the burning burst of sunset
day, heralds, in the far horizon, the falling night.
Soon comes
But now, with rejoicing thousands, with branches of palm and
acclamations of joy and praise, he enters the city that he loves, dies to save.
is
among
the very foes
hoary walls, the thronging people, the lowly beast that bears the
palms and
fair
Judean sky, are the
striking scene.
69
rich
whom
he
Lord of
and appropriate adjuncts of
this
AND THE TRIBUTE MONEY.
JESUS
See
!
HE
Priests
chiei
Mark
xii.
and Scribes and Elders of Jerusalem came
the Temple,
and when they began
Jesus as he
to
was
him as
to his authority,
he delivered to them the parable of the "wicked husbandman."
Then they be-
walking
came greatly
in
incensed, and
"
to question
sought to lay hold on him, but feared the people
for
;
they
knew that he had spoken the parable against them and they left him, and went their way. "And they send unto him certain of the Pharisees and of the Herodians, to catch him And when they were come, they say unto him, Master, we know that thou art in his words. for thou regardest not the person of men, but teachest the true, and carest for no man ;
;
way of God in truth: Is it lawful to give tribute to Cesar, or not? Shall we give, or shall But he, knowing their hypocrisy, said unto them, Why tempt ye me ? bring we not give ?
me this
said
a penny, that
I
may
see
it.
image and superscription
?
And And
they brought
And
it.
they said unto
he saith unto them,
unto them, Render to Cesar the things that are Cesar's,
are God's.
And
And Jesus and to God the
him, Cesar's.
Whose
answering, things that
they marvelled at him."
This reply was not only a
fitting
rebuke
those
to
who were endeavoring
to
ensnare
him, but was a fine example of practical wisdom, showing the duty of conformity in sential
and proper ways
The calm
is
dignity
to the
customs and demands of society and of the
and nobleness expressed
distinction to the hardened, restless
and insidious 70
in
the countenance of
es-
state.
Jesus
faces of those gathered
all
is
in
marked
around him.
1
.
v Hi iiii
11,
I
1
iPffllHral
'Mfkm ,|
\\i
"»
:
,i.
"i#
l
'.'^-^jV!'! !
Sii
»#
70
'
'''''•'V"
'si!
;
Sllif
I Bifl
,
Hi
ll'^llliiilll
liliilliiSi 5 If
:
THE WIDOW'S Mark
See
jHE episode
a most encouraging example of Christ's constant
and humble.
Their ways were wound around his heart, and
in this incident there shines forth a
of the offerings of the poor
is
xii.
is
of the widow's mite
notice of the poor
MITE.
double beauty; for not alone
his
encouragement
here to be noticed, but the deeper truth that the motive of the
giver was of higher value than the gift
itself,
the gift of the heart outweighing
the gift of
the purse
"And
many
treasury: and
she threw
how the people cast money into the And there came a certain poor widow, and
Jesus sat over against the treasury, and beheld
in
that
were
two mites, which made a
unto them, Verily
I
For
all
much.
farthing.
say unto you, that
have cast into the treasury. did cast in
rich, cast in
this
And
he called unto him his
poor widow hath cast more
they did cast in of their abundance
in :
disciples,
than
all
and
they which
but she of her want,
that she had, even all her living."
all
This conception of the
artist
is
quite in keeping with the spirit of the incident,
and
expressed with delicate grace and sentiment, the figure of the humble, shrinking and forgetful giver,
woman
who
is
saith
being strikingly opposed to that
evidently of those
who
"
of the ostentatious
cast in much." 7*
is
self-
and purse-proud public
THE DAUGHTER OF
RAISING OF
See Luke
N
this
Disciples, Peter,
James and John
in her anguish, at the foot of the
seems
to
viii.
touching and lovely picture the Master
just fallen into the sleep of death.
JAIRUS,
In
standing by the side of the maiden
is
background appear the three favored
the
while the bereaved mother has thrown herself,
;
couch whereon her daughter
be regarding the face of the beautiful young
girl,
Jesus, with
lies.
hand extended,
so soon to be restored to
life
and
health by his miraculous touch.
"And when he came and John, and the he
said,
Weep
she was dead. arise.
And
her meat.
And
her
And
man what was
is
And
not dead, but sleepeth.
he put them
spirit
no man
and the mother of the maiden.
father
not, she
into the house, he suffered
came
all
again,
out,
And
to all
go
in,
save Peter and James,
wept, and bewailed her; but
they laughed him to scorn, knowing that
and took her by the hand, and
called, saying,
and she arose straightway; and he commanded
her parents were astonished
:
but he charged them that they should
done." 72
Maid,
to give tell
no
THE GOOD SAMARITAN. See Luke
HE
x.
among thieves has always been of interest to Biblical readers, both young and old. The whole account is so graphic, so replete with signification and so happy in its appeal to human sympathy with woe, that, like a tale oft told and well beloved, neither its moral nor its memory dies away. "A certain man went down from Jerusalem to Jericho, and fell among thieves, which stripped him of his raiment, and wounded him, and departed, leaving him half dead. And by chance there came down a certain Priest that way, and when he saw him, he passed by on the other side. And likewise a Levite, lively history of
when he was
at the place,
him who
fell
came and looked on
But a
him, and passed by on the other side.
came where he was; and when he saw him, he had compashim, and bound up his wounds, pouring in oil and wine, and set him
certain Samaritan, as he journeyed, sion on him,
on
his
own
and went
beast,
to
and brought him
to
an Inn, and took care of him.
And
on the morrow when
he departed, he took out two pence, and gave them to the host, and said unto him, Take care of him, and whatsoever thou spendest more,
when
I
come again
these three, thinkest thou, was neighbor unto him that
He
that
shewed mercy on him.
Then
fell
I
will
among
said Jesus unto him, Go,
the thieves
who
?
And he
of
said,
and do thou likewise."
Tn this beautiful design are finely exemplified the noble generosity
of the Samaritan,
Which now
repay thee.
and
fraternal solicitude
plods wearily along the lonely, rugged country, guiding the spirited steed
and keeping poised
in
indeed "neighbor."
The whole scene
the saddle the is
wounded and
nearly exhausted man, to
wrought out with exacting
whom
care, the tender
he was
and pitying
expression of the one and the suffering helplessness of the other being perfect, while the land-
scape and sky glow with the fervid beauty of the East. 73
ARRIVAL OF THE SAMARITAN AT THE See Luke
HE
x.
Samaritan has at length arrived at the "Inn."
sultry noontide
INN.
The weary road
is
passed, the
and the exhausting journey terminated, and the pitying reception
of an Eastern's hospitality comes to relieve and soothe both traveller and his charge; while in the utter prostration of the
wounded man,
as his preserver helps him off his beast at
the inn door, in the receiving landlord and the mistress, perhaps, of the house, looking over the balustrade,
we have admirable
meaning of the
touches, that convey, in the liveliest manner, the pregnant
tale.
74
;
THE PRODIGAL
SON.
See Luke xv.
HE
story of the
Prodigal's
return
is
considered a Gospel within a Gospel, and
is
It contains one of the most beautiful and instructive of the parables of Jesus. its graphic narrative not alone the wanderings of the erring soul, not alone those the first impulses of repentance, the longings for return to truth and duty; but also longings acted upon the sweet and tender reception and forgiveness of a father's love. The Scribes and Pharisees had rebuked Jesus, saying, "This man receiveth sinners, and eateth with them," when he replied by this parable:
within
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
"And he
man had two
And
younger of them said to his father, And he divided unto them his living. Father, give me the portion of goods that falleth to me. And not many days after the yonnger man gathered all together, and took his journey into a far country, and there wasted his substance with riotous living. And when he had spent And he went and all, there arose a mighty famine in that land; and he began to be in want. And joined himself to a citizen of that country, and he sent him into the fields to feed swine. he would fain have filled his belly with the husks that the swine did eat: and no man gave unto him. And when he came to himself, he said, How many hired servants of my father's have bread enough and to spare, and I perish with hunger! I will arise and go to my father, and will say unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and before thee, and am no more worthy to be called thy son make me as one of thy hired servants. And he arose, and came But when he was yet a great way off, his father saw him, and had compassion, and to his father'. ran, and fell on his neck, and kissed him. And the son said unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and in thy sight, and am no more worthy to be called thy son. But the father said to his servants, Bring forth the best robe, and put it on him; and put a ring on his hand, and shoes on his feet; and bring hither the fatted calf, and kill it: and let us eat, and be merry. For this my son was dead, and is alive again he was lost, and is found. And they began to be merry. Now his elder son was in the field and as he came and drew nigh to the house, he heard music and dancing. And he called one of the servants, and asked what these things meant. And he said unto him, Thy brother is come and thy father hath killed the fatted calf, because he hath received him safe and sound. And he was angry, and would not go in therefore came his father out, and entreated him. And he answering said to his father, Lo, these many years do I serve thee, neither transgressed I at any time thy commandment and yet thou never gavest me a kid, that I might make merry with my friends but as soon as this thy son was come, which hath devoured thy living with harlots, thou hast killed for him the fatted calf. And he said unto him, Son, thou art ever with me, and all that I have is thine. It was meet that we should make merry, and be glad for this thy brother was dead, and he is alive again; and was lost, and is found." said, a certain
sons:
the
;
:
;
;
;
;
:
The scene presents
the father clasping to his heart the returning prodigal, his face raised
heaven with an earnest, almost painful look of thanksgiving, as if the grief of the past was scarcely as yet obliterated by the joy of the present. The servants, with animated gestures, hurrying towards him, with the welcoming dogs, form a charming adjunct to the picture. to
75
75
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
LAZARUS AND THE RICH MAN. See Luke xvi.
HERE
was a
certain rich
man, which was clothed
purple and fine linen, and fared
in
sumptuously every day: and there was a certain beggar named Lazarus, which was
and desiring
laid at his gate, full of sores,
the rich man's table: the beggar died,
and was carried by the angels in hell
he
lift
And
bosom.
in his
send Lazarus, that he may dip the
mented
up
into
said,
said,
Son,
And
beside
all
this,
remember
Then he
house; for
I
have
place of torment.
them. repent.
said,
five
I
now he
between us and you there
pray thee therefore,
brethren; that he
Abraham
father, that
may
saith unto him,
testify
from
to pass that
man also died, Abraham afar off,
rich
my
tongue; for
I
am
tor-
that thou in thy lifetime receivedst
is
comforted, and thou art tor-
is
a great gulf fixed;
which would pass from hence to you cannot; neither can they pass to thence.
came
fell
Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and
of his finger in water and cool
tip
it
and seeth
in torments,
thy good things, and likewise Lazarus evil things: but
mented.
And
his sores.
Abraham's bosom: the
being
his eyes,
he cried and
But Abraham
this flame.
in
be fed with the crumbs which
moreover the dogs came and licked
and was buried; and and Lazarus
to
us, that
so that they
would come from
thou wouldest send him to
unto them,
lest they also
They have Moses and
my
come
the prophets; let
father's
into this
them hear
And he said, Nay, father Abraham: but if one went unto them from the dead, they will And he said unto him, If they hear not Moses and the prophets, neither will they be
persuaded, though one rose from the dead."
A
scene of
the pleading,
oriental
pitiful
banqueting
figure of Lazarus
is is
happily in
fine
portrayed contrast.
in
The
this
engraving, with which
accessories of the dogs
the beggar's only friendsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; the imperious slave, warning off the mendicant's petition, and the
crowding servants above, are
telling
specimens of Dore's ever-fine side-touches. 76
THE PHARISEE AND PUBLICAN. See Luke
UMILITY in
in
contrast with pride or loftiness of heart
the Bible.
That God
is
with the lowly in spirit
as tenderest of sacred teachings.
betore
xviii.
Here
engraving
tells
the tale admirably
all-discerning Master, with his
"down
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
in the
to his
a theme strongly dwelt on
is
one of the
the self-satisfied
God, and, without seeking a blessing, returns to
Publican, confessing his sins, goes
is
house
his
loftiest
as well
Pharisee praises himself
home, while the self-humiliated
justified rather than the other."
The
kneeling Publican, the haughty Pharisee, and the
group of witnessing followers behind. 71
11
AND THE WOMAN OF SAMARIA.
JESUS
See John
OURNEYING (Sychem) the well, and
"
How
Samaria?
for
unto her,
If
woman
is
came
from the
forth
Then
"
to drink."
drink
a Jew, askest
knewest the
thou
who
of God, and
gift
of me,
draw water
unto him,
well,
and said unto
Jesus answered and said
me
Give
thee,
of the
give him
shall
saith
unto
Jesus
said
water?
and drank thereof
himself,
that
Whosoever drinketh
water that be
me
this
unto her, Go,
call
thy husband,
thou
neither
water,
;
The woman
truly.
in this
water
and come
and ye
unto her,
;
worship him must worship him
know
the
for
that Messias cometh, which
Jesus saith unto her,
things.
but the water that
I
life.
come
I
is
in
spirit
called
and
Christ
in
hast
hither
that speak unto thee
draw.
is
have no husband:
I
not thy husband
Jerusalem
:
in
the place
is
salvation
is
of the
Ye
truth.
God is a The woman is
worship
But the
Jews.
worship the Father
shall
where
me, the hour cometh, when
believe
am
to
perceive that thou art a prophet.
when he
;
shall
I
The woman
The woman answered and
Father seeketh such to worship him.
that
:
;
into everlasting
say, that in
Woman,
:
in
from
:
But whosoever
:
mountain, nor yet at Jerusalem, worship the Father.
and
truth
thirst
now
thou
we know what we worship for hour cometh, and now is, when the true worshippers
ye know not what
The
Jesus answered
?
again
hast well said,
said unto him, Sir, ;
thirst
hither.
Thou
whom
his cattle
not, neither
thirst
I
and
shall
never
shall
that
and he
mountain
Jesus saith
this
in
his children,
Jesus said unto her,
husbands
five
Our fathers worshipped men ought to worship. shall
him
give
him, Sir,
For thou hast had saidst
and
of this
give
shall
I
deep
is
to
Art thou greater than our father Jacob, which
him a well of water springing up
in
have no husband.
I
nothing to draw with, and the well
hast
living
her,
drinketh
thou
Sir,
at
woman of Samaria which am a woman of
that saith to
is
it
city to
saith the
Jews have no dealings with the Samaritans.
the
saith
gave us the
ye
me
thou, being
that
it
whence then hast thou
that
A woman
buy meat.
to
thou wouldest have asked of him, and he would have given thee living water.
;
said,
"Jacob's Well," his disciples having gone into the city
at
Jesus said unto her, Give
unto him,
drink
from Judea into Galilee, Jesus passed through Samaria, and being-
down alone
weary, sat
iv.
Spirit
come, he
in
spirit
and they
:
said unto him, I will
us
tell
all-
he."
This incident, so vividly and forcibly rendered by the Evangelist, receives an exquisite setting
in
the picture
and dignity of the dor.
A
before
text.
Stillness has crept
weary
a woman,
It
is
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;well
suited, in
its
poetic
quality, to
high noon, and the whole scene
over earth and sky, but the
figure, with calm,
who has come
us
unworldly countenance,
-is
the
bathed
in
measured grace meridian splen-
air vibrates with its fullness of
sits
at the well.
forth from the city light-hearted
Leaning upon
enough even
to
a stranger
who
not alone has told her
bright vistas of joy
all
its
curb,
converse with a
Jew, lingers, arrested, subdued and sobered by the quickening force of his speech is
warmth.
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
for here
things she ever did, but has opened before her
and holiness and peace. 73
.
JESUS,
AND THE WOMAN TAKEN See John
HE
language employed by Jesus on
ADULTERY.
IN
viii.
occasion shows not only his ever-present
this
sense of justice, but also his deep sympathy for the distressed and ready compassion for the erring
:
"Jesus went unto the mount of
people came unto him
the Temple, and
all
the Scribes and
Pharisees
had
the
sayest thou
brought unto him a
They say unto
set her in the midst,
Now Moses
the very act.
This they
?
you, let him
wrote on the ground.
And
up
at the eldest,
it,
And
Jesus had
Woman, where are No man, Lord. And Jesus
last
:
up
lifted
The and most
and
sin
artist
?
is
alone,
left
man
hath no
has caught the
force
them
in
be condoned by sure
and his
significance of the
beautiful
repentance, and
picture.
Christ
lesson here
I
condemn
The has
sins
taught by Christ,
even of
She, crouching
at
his
polluted creature from his touch
;
feet,
stricken
and condemned, appears
while her clamorous accusers
ing knowledge and stern reproof. 79
this
fallen
no fear from contact with
her, but places his fingers gently on her shoulder as a token both of protection
giveness.
that
no more."
subtly inwrought
woman may
He
not.
and saw none
himself,
said unto her, Neither do
go,
But Jesus
and Jesus was
condemned thee? thee:
but what,
being convicted by their own conscience,
those thine accusers
said,
:
again he stooped down, and
but the woman, he said unto her,
She
adultery, in
in
and said unto them,
himself,
even unto the
When
the midst.
in
taken
such should be stoned
us, that
cast a stone at her.
first
they which heard
went out one by one, beginning
and the woman standing
;
woman was
on the ground, as though he heard them
lifted
into
sat
tempting him, that they might have to accuse him.
So when they continued asking him, he
among
morning he came again
down and taught them. And woman taken in adultery and when they and he
him, Master, this
fingers wrote
his
;
early in the
commanded
the law
in
said,
stooped down, and with
without sin
And
Olives.
to
seem abashed
and of
shrink
for-
like
a
at his search-
79
THE RESURRECTION OF LAZARUS. See John
O
the
little
household
xi.
Lazarus, Jesus was most tenderly attached. the
and
died,
Lord with ointment and wiped
first
therefore the
saw her weeping, and the Jews and was troubled, and
spirit,
come and them this
see.
Could not
said,
man
grave.
Jesus wept. this
was a
cave,
and a stone lay upon dead,
thank thee, that thou hast heard
laid.
me.
because of the people which stand by,
it.
forth,
bound about with a napkin.
God ?
And Jesus And I knew said
that
it,
bound hand and Jesus
saith
unto
of the Jews which came to Mary, and
on him.
Jesus
"When
jesus
And some cometh
time he
this
up
that
they
his
thou
may
eyes and
believe that
But some of them went
their
foot with grave-clothes
them, Loose
him and
let
to the Pharisees,
and
told
stone
always
:
hast
but
And
face
did,
I
sent
forth.
his
;
thou
if
him go.
had seen the things which Jesus
ways
stinketh
the
thou
and
:
stone.
said, Father,
me
nearest
to the
the
Then they took away
lifted
of
have caused that even
not unto thee, that
I
in
said unto him, Lord,
Take ye away
said,
unto him, Lord, by
saith
in the
he groaned
her,
himself,
in
and
each
loved him.
blind,
sick
fell
he thus had spoken, he cried with a loud voice, Lazarus, come
he that was dead, came
many
I
died."
They
?
how he
Jesus saith unto her, Said
from the place where the dead was
not
groaning
therefore again
Jesus
?
been dead four days.
And when
ye laid him
man, which opened the eyes of the
wouldest believe, thou shouldest see the glory of
me.
had
weeping which came with
also
said the Jews, Behold,
Martha, the sister of him that was for he hath
brother
Where have
said,
Then
should not have died
It
my
Lazarus
their distress, saying
in
brother
their
Mary which anointed
that
her hair."
his feet with
been here
thou hadst
if
was
" It
Martha, then Mary, came to the Master
same words, "Lord,
Martha and
Bethany, consisting of Mary,
in
was
Then
believed
them what things
Jesus had done.
The artist
the
awful
indication of the
power of
has here endeavored to unveil.
The
the Almighty over
Life
and Death
figure of Christ, the awe-struck
is
beholders, and
shrouded form of him who comes from the portals of the tomb once more
with his fellow-men are the striking components of the scene.
80
what the
to
mingle
.
\
MARY MAGDALENE. |HE gloomy surroundings with
the
spirit
soothing contrast to
pentance entailed.
A
lovely
ness of a contrite, womanly
this
the
as
hinted
this
at
keeping
picture, are quite in in
Sacred Writ, as with the
sombre scene were the hopes which
and prominent spirit,
life,
in
which the after record of her career sets forth
figure in the Master's history,
;
but
in
that
heart-felt re-
full
of the noble-
she stands the beacon -star of hope to the seemingly lost
and hopeless, and a marked example of
showed towards
Magdalene,
sad story of her early
deeply repentant bright and
of the
that tender care
weak and broken-hearted.
and love which our Saviour over
8i
THE LAST SUPPER. See Matthew xxvi.
OW My
saith,
the first day of the feast of unleavened
saying unto him,
Where
And
into the
time
he at
is
;
betrayed
as it
!
it
is
had been good
they were
disciples,
which
is
and
eating, Jesus said, Take, eat
to them, saying,
shed for
henceforth of this Father's kingdom.
many fruit
for said,
took :
Drink ye
made ready
my the
Master
disciples.
And
passover.
Now
And as they did eat, he said, me. And they were exceeding sorrowLord, is it I ? And he answered and
twelve.
;
in
same
the dish, the
and blessed
bread,
my
all
And
body.
of
it;
for this
betray me.
shall
they had sung an
and brake
it,
it,
and gave
it
to the
he took the cup, and gave thanks, and
my
is
But
remission of sins.
when
of the vine, until that day
And when
thy house with
at
but
this is
for the
passover?
The Son of woe unto that man by whom the Son of man is Then Judas, which that man if he had not been born. He said unto him, Thou hast said. And Master, is it I?
written of him
betrayed him, answered and
it
the
unto him,
to say
hand with me
that dippeth his
man goeth
gave
with
say unto you, that one of you shall betray
I
He
said,
as
down
sat
for thee to eat the
such a man, and say unto him, The
them, and they
appointed
and began every one of them
ful,
city to
we prepare
keep the passover
will
I
was come, he
the even
Verily
hand
as Jesus had
the disciples did
when
Go
said,
wilt thou that
bread the disciples came to Jesus,
blood
of
say unto
I I
drink
it
the
you,
new
hymn, they went out
I
new
testament,
will
not drink
with
into
you
the
in
my
mount of
Olives."
To
those
together, the
The
artist
who have
associated themselves in spirit with
the
little
group thus gathered
remembrance of the occasion must always awaken tender and solemn emotions.
has finely grouped his subject, treating 82
it
with quiet dignity and effectiveness.
THE AGONY
IN
See Luke
T
THE GARDEN. xxii.
awe and commiseration that we behold this ag<Dnizinor scene in Alone, deserted, the our Saviour's life. The consummating hour draws nigh. Lord of Life struggles with the mysteries of Death. "And there appeared an angel unto him from heaven, strengthening him." The burden of our sorrows, the dayspring of our hope all are concentrated in that tremendous hour, and he " who doeth all The picture is a veritable gem. The countenance of Jesus has things well " conquers. is
with tender
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
settled into calmness
and "bloody sweat."
and repose, but there are
still
All the accessories are artistic
83
traces
of that
conflict
and well defined.
of
bitter
agony
83
PRAYER OF JESUS
IN
THE GARDEN OF
See Luke
ESUS
is
alone
—
ket, in thoroughfare or at board.
redemption of
This design is
is
The solemn
his
He
race —
night
prayer of his heart-broken
No more
per" has just been concluded. his work, the
xxii.
his three disciples sleep.
awe, witness the agonized
in
prays "
—the
Not my
OLIVES.
The
spirit.
he mingles with
his
"
heavens
Last Sup-
fellow-men in mar-
prayer that seals the consummation of
will,
but thine, be done."
one of the most affecting and beautiful of the Bible
wrought out with unusual care and precision.
the silent
air,
The landscape
is
rich
series.
Every
and
with mighty
full,
detail
upspringing trees and gracefully sweeping branches, yielding turf and tufted masses of flowering plants
;
the sky
is
warm and
tender,
and an evening softness
has been deeply moved by the incident, and as of Christ, upturned
in prayer,
we gaze upon
with the disciples
solemnity of the scene are revealed to us.
84
"
is
in the air.
The
artist
the rapt and holy countenance
sleeping for sorrow,"
all
the sadness
and
THE BETRAYAL HIS scene the
four
of a treachery so tremendous that
Evangelists.
Judas, the
it
arch-traitor,
has no
— he
parallel,
is
related
who had been
by
all
of:
with Jesus, had
witnessed his miracles, his numberless deeds of mercy, and had associated with
him as one of the chosen twelve for
—he of
all
others to betray his Lord, could bring no palliation
Untouched by the beauty and majesty of a spotless
the deed.
life,
without mercy, he
•'persecuted the poor and needy man, that he might even slay the broken in heart." stillness
of night, ruthless and determined, he stole
Lord and Master, with a
upon
his victim,
In the-
and betrayed him,. his
kiss.
The scene presents most vividly the tumult and confusion which have broken in upon this sacred retreat. The pressing, clamorous crowd, with flickering torches, led on by the " cruel soldiery all come out as against a thief with swords and with staves " form the
—
—
background, against which are relieved the chief figures Judas.
What more
striking than the contrast
in
this
awful
drama, Christ and
between the serene and sacred beauty of
countenance of Jesus, and the wicked and leering face of 85
his betrayer!
the:
CHRIST FAINTING UNDER THE CROSS. See
HE
artist
has given his feeling upon
and tender expression. cross, "
is
Roman
"
is
xv.
this
Christ, crushed
a conception infinitely
one Simon a Cyrenian
the well-grouped
Mark
pitiful,
heart-touching incident most sympathetic to
the earth by the
and the sturdy and finely-drawn
energetic and noble to a high degree.
soldiers.
The design 86
is
cruel weight of the figure of
The background shows
executed with great vigor.
THE FLAGELLATION. See Mark xv.
HIS
mind
sensitive
upon for his
it
was he
represents a
picture
"
the
recoils
who,
in
it
with horror
most degraded criminals
the
tree,"
cross, despising the shame,"
ject,
from
of punishment so monstrous and
;
but
by whose stripes ye were healed,"
own body on
flowing cup.
mode
The
artist
figure
and
and move each heart
to
he
"
in "
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;a its
form imposed full
he who
reality his
it
own
is
at
cruel that
that
the
early
day
more dreadful
self
still,
bore our sins in
who, for the joy that was set before him, endured the
who had
this
draught of bitterness added to
his
already over-
has most sympathetically and admirably rendered the central utter touchingness of submission pity.
87
and
pain,
sub-
must chain each tongue
THE
CRUCIFIXION. See Matthew xxvii.
HE
artist,
in
this picture,
exhibit the
strives to
The
panied the death of our Lord.
phenomena of nature which accom-,
appalling blackness of the heavens he has
illuminated with piercing rays of light, that reveal the ghastly details of the heart-
rending scene.
The mounted
soldiery,
the
various spectators,
dim and undefined
in
the
cavernous obscurity, the shrouded women, the dying malefactors, the broad brilliancy of the lightning flash that brings out the person of the details
vivid
and
terribly effective as
genius can ever hope to portray describe this thrilling event, though
in
an
artistic
colors
we have
Redeemer
into fullest
rendering of
equal to
its
reality.
only noted the
first
prominence
scene which
a
All the four in
order.
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
all
are
no human Evangelists
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
CLOSE OF THE CRUCIFIXION. See Matt,
HE
terror
of the
earthquake
xxvii.
upon
is
the
Roman
Centurion and
fleeing horses, the distracted figures, the wild desire to escape
horrible
which
God
this
!
"
for
untutored natures to endure,
their
all
But
utterly in their
Light, which
it
is
finished
" ;
the deed
is
done
;
grand and sublime, with a
man
that
loftiness
cometh all
its
89
was the Son of
Truly, this
into
to shine forth
the world."
more
The
brightly that
picture
own, and a power which the
surpassed.
effect
and the Powers of Darkness, vanquished
seeming triumph, which but makes
lighteth every
"
the
from something too
prove the supernatural
event has produced upon them, bidding them cry out, "
guard;
his
is
"
true
wonderful
artist
has rarely
THE BURIAL OF
JESUS.
See John xix.
OW, a
new
fore,
At length who died but
to
the to
sepulchre, wherein
tragedy
is
win them eternal
friends
again
life,
to
tenderly bear
morn, which
is
his
is
silent
;
was a garden; laid.
Jesus there-
was nigh
at hand."
form of him who only lived for others, and
everlasting
him from the
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
the garden
in
laid they
for the sepulchre
borne to the tomb
women
There
and
all
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; not,
indeed, to
kingdom of happiness bitter
cross
to
his
see
corruption,
and peace.
sepulchre.
His
Joseph
of
are there, as yet unconscious of the resur-
soon to gladden their hearts and verify so intensely
consolatory verse of the Psalmist,
morning."
was never man yet
and the
over,
Arimathea, Nicodemus, the weeping rection
crucified, there
because of the Jews' preparation day
gloriously rise
mourning
he was
the place where
in
"Weeping may endure
for a night, but
to
them
joy cometh
in
that
the
THE ANGEL AT THE SEPULCHRE. See Matthew xxviii.
N
the end of the Sabbath, as
came Mary Magdalene, and there
and came and like lightning,
rolled
and
his
as
:
began
to
the other
was a great earthquake,
for the
dawn toward
Mary,
raiment white as snow.
And
the
first
the dawning of the new.
It
falls
most appropriately from her eager picture
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; executed
And
behold,
And
it.
His countenance was
for fear of him, the
keepers did shake,
Angel answered, and said unto the women, Fear not
He is
is
since the world
not here
:
for
he
is
began
light that shoots
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;the
over our
dying out of the
first
on woman, our brightest earthly comforter, and
lips
that the. disciples learn the joyful news.
with telling force and power. 9i
risen,
illuminated by the figure of the
glowing ray of consummated
tomb
hither side from the portals of the
day of the week,
Angel of the Lord descended from heaven,
I
Angel of the Resurrection, the
first
to see the sepulchre.
know that ye seek Jesus, which was crucified. he said: come see the place where the Lord lay." The gloom of the sepulchre, in this striking picture, for
the
back the stone from the door, and sat upon
and became as dead men. ye
it
A
old, it
is
charming
9i
THE JOURNEY TO EMMAUS See Luke xxiv.
HIS
picture
the
and mission of
life
Two
Christ.
day of the week, succeeding the
first
of his disciples were at
of the
marvellous
they came to the
The same day
stone was
in
rolled
away and
shining garments and said unto them,
Emmaus, a
these disciples went to
tomb of Christ— that when
the
was found empty, but
it
"
He
is
not here, but
wondrous things
And
came
that
told them,
and of these they talked
communed
together and reasoned, Jesus himself drew near, and went with them.
one another.
to
know
eyes were holden that they should not
named
Cleopas, answered
Jerusalem, and saying to him besides, the sepulchre, and found said
spoken.
And
it
O
unto them,
"
Ought not
Christ
even so as
fools
and
all
the-
he
way by
bound by
— even
the
illustration.
of Jesus
his discourse.
the
unto
But
their
What man-
them,
had been
that
all
told
And certain of them which were with the women had said but him they saw ;
suffered
believe
to
these
things,
all
and
that
to
prophets, he expounded unto
them
" ?
at
us went to not."
Then
the prophets have into his glory
enter
them,
in
all
?
the Scrip-
the Evangelist of this meeting vividly impresses the
The
figures
are
full
is
is
touchingly sad, and his
Around them
shadowy town
in
stretches the sky, vast, deep,
the
is
distance
and solemn as the 92
left
night.
in
a
to
The
mind
quiet and
both their attitude
that occupy their minds.
companions appear awed and
a moveless scene.
—seems
conveyed
of dignity, and
and expression betray the seriousness and gravity of the thoughts
The countenance
to pass that whiie they
said
solemnity of the occasion, and the same impression
beautiful
had been
concerning himself."
The simple account given by with
the
it
him, recounting
slow of heart
have
to
beginning at Moses and
tures, the things
"
And
him.
risen."
have one to another as ye walk and are sad
ner of communications are these that ye of the two,
"
is
that
about seven miles distant from Jeru-
village
salem, and as they journeyed their thoughts were only of the
he
on the
Jerusalem
and were among those who had
crucifixion,
they had witnessed at
things
sepulchre, the
two men appeared
One
illustrating
by Mary Magdalene, Joanna, Mary the mother of James, and other women of
been told Galilee,
one of the most touching and suggestive of the series
is
air is
them alone;
hushed; while
spell-
the earth
above them
THE ASCENSION. See Luke xxiv
UR
Lord's ministry
finished
is
years of unswerving surable
to
mortal
toil
men
accomplished, the victory gained to Bethany," for "
up
And
into
it
one
came
heaven.
And
The ascending is
in
the lowly boyhood, the struggling youth, the painful
and benefaction, the closing scenes of an anguish immea-
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
all
are
The agony
ended.
and now, leading
and solemn
to pass, while
and were continually
ing worshippers,
last
;
;
farewell,
"
he
forth lifted
his
up
is
past, the
beloved
his
perfect
work
"
far as
disciples,
as
hands and blessed them.
he blessed them, he was parted from them, and carried
they worshipped' him, and
returned to
the Temple, praising and blessing God.
figure of our Saviour, rising
powerfully expressed
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;a
93
with great joy:
Amen."
above the group of
wondrous upward
depths of a perfect sky.
Jerusalem,
flight
his
joyful yet sorrow-
against
the
profound
93
MARTYRDOM OF See Acts
.
ND
in
when
those days,
murmuring of neglected
the
number
Grecians
the
vi, vii.
of
the disciples
Then
was
multiplied, there
Hebrews, because
against the
the daily ministration.
in
STEPHEN.
ST.
their
twelve called the
the
arose
a
widows were
multitude of the
we should leave the word of God, and serve tables. Wherefore, brethren, look ye out among you seven men of honest report,, full of the Holy Ghost and wisdom, whom we may appoint over this business. But we and
disciples unto them,
give
will
man
full
ourselves
synagogue, which
among
prayer, and
that
to
the
them, for
it
is
" "
Stephen,
Then
Stephen, a
"
ministry of the word."
says of him that
and miracles among the people."
and of them of
to resist the
seven, and full
there
evidently
brew
the
arose certain of
history,
Cilicia,
synagogue of the Libertines, and Cyrenians, and Alexandriand of Asia, disputing with Stephen. And they were not able
the spirit
representation lifted
Priest
by which he spake.
Then they suborned men, which
and the Council, Stephen answers
consummating
ers " of Jesus.
Cut of
the
called the
wisdom and
High
a
of faith and power,
to
this,
the the
in
a brief condensation
of He-
an accusation of themselves as the "betrayers and murder-
heart, they first
in
said,
Brought
have heard him speak blasphemous words against Moses, and against God."
before
in
not reason
of faith and of the Holy Ghost," was one of these elected
did great wonders
We
It is
continually to
very prominent one
ans,
said,
drag him out of the
Christian
martyrdom, Stephen
countenance, bearing the pitiless storm
every attitude of deadly rage and malice.
94
of
missiles
from
city lies
and stone him. against
his foes,
the
In the
wall with
who surround him
94
SAUL'S CONVERSION. See Acts
ND
ix.
Saul yet breathing out threatening^ and slaughter against the disciples of the
Lord, went unto the high Priest, and desired of him letters to Damascus, to the
Synagogues, that
he found any of
if
he might bring them bound unto Jerusalem.
this
And
as he journeyed he
and suddenly there shined round about him a
light
and heard a voice saying unto him,
why
art thou
And
Lord?
to kick against the
Lord
the
have
me
told
thee what thou must do
do
to
?
And
the
said,
And
pricks.
Lord
And
man
;
vivid
and
scatter
of
persecutest
whom
the
And
for
this
and go
surprise, are
future alike
women,
is
to the earth,
he
said,
who
hard for thee
Lord, what wilt thou
and
it
shall
be
with him, stood speechless,
Saul arose from the earth, and when his eyes were hand, and brought him into Damascus.
and neither did eat nor drink."
representation of the conversion of St. Paul
dismay and terror among
the
said,
it
into the city,
men which journeyed
but they led him by the sight,
And he fell thou me ? And
trembling and astonished,
or
came near Damascus,
thou persecutest:
from heaven and the mysterious voice strike the
light
figure
Jesus
men
from heaven.
said unto him, Arise,
And
he was three days without
The moment chosen
am
I
he,
hearing a voice, but seeing no man.
opened, he saw no
Saul, Saul,
way, whether they were
his
fiery
trembling attendants.
Apostle to the Gentiles, his attitude of
is
when
the
persecutor to the earth
The
lithe
and vigorous
overwhelming wonder and
admirable, while the various postures of his affrighted retinue exemplify
and heighten the dramatic splendor of the scene. 95
DELIVERANCE OF See Acts
ST.
PETER.
xii.
IJETER, the impetuous Disciple, has been imprisoned. Since the taught him of deep repentance and contrition at the denial of buffet
and check has been tempering
his
forward
sharp lesson
first
Lord,
his
But Herod
spirit.
many
a
the king was
at this time persecuting the church, and so prominent a personage as Peter could hardly have
long escaped his notice
him
so,
;
to please the Jews,
into prison.
"Peter therefore was kept
God
unto
kept the prison. prison
And thee,
And
off
fell
thy sandals
:
and follow me.
from
And And
so
first
to
them of
forthwith the In
he
did.
even
side,
his
own accord
;
night Peter
and the Keepers before the door light shined
and raised him up, saying, Arise up
in
quickly.
And the Angel said unto him, Gird thyself, and And he saith unto him, Cast thy garments about
out,
and followed him, and wist not
but thought he
saw a
vision.
When
that
it
was true
they were past the city,
and they went out and passed on through one
which street,
Angel departed from him."
representing this incident the artist has given us a wild night scene, with the angel
leading the half unconscious Apostle
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;a
same
and the second ward, they came unto the iron gate that leadeth unto the
opened and
hands.
his
:
chains,
forth, the
Angel of the Lord came upon him, and a
he went
which was done by the Angel
was made without ceasing of the Church
brought him
bound with two
Soldiers,
behold, the
and he smote Peter on the
chains
his
bind on
:
prison, but prayer
in
And when Herod would have
for him.
was sleeping between two the
he lays hands on the Apostle, and thrusts
vivid
down
the rough stone steps,
amid the sleeping guard
rendering, in every detail, of what was evidently the semi-unreality of the scene
to St. Peter himself.
96
PAUL AT EPHESUS. See Acts xix.
had been preaching at Ephesus. "And God wrought special miracles by the hand of Paul, so that from his body were brought unto the sick handkerchiefs or aprons, and the diseases departed from them, and the evil spirits went out of them." Thus the reputation of the Apostle became thoroughly known, and great reformation ensued, so that " the name of the Lord Jesus was magnified, and many that believed came, and confessed, and shewed their deeds. Many of them also which used curious arts, brought their books together and burned them before all men and they counted the price of them, and found it fifty thousand pieces of silver. So mightily grew the word of God, and prevailed." The picture is full of life and motion. The zealous people are bringing their books to cast into the flame, Saint Paul exhorting and encouraging them from the steps of the temple.
|OR
the
space
of two
years
Paul
:
97
97
PAUL MENACED BY THE JEWS. See Acts xxi.
A.UL, on
his
returning journey to Jerusalem,
that city, but
still
he
is
determined to proceed.
by the elders of the church, and to have run into them.
him the
in
the Temple, seize
Roman
The thronging him,
is
and he
is
notified of his
On
his arrival
precautions to avoid
in his
coming troubles he
is
in
again warned
difficulties,
seems only
up by the Jews, who had beheld danger of being killed, when he is rescued by
multitude, stirred in
soldiery.
The engraving shows Paul on the castle stairs, "borne of the soldiers for the violence of the people," who form a confused mass of struggling figures below one of those threatening and fearful mobs of which Jerusalem was often the scene, through national pride,
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
religious zeal
and hatred towards
their oppressors.
98
â&#x20AC;˘
PAULS SHIPWRECK. See Acts xxvii.
T.
PAUL'S
shipwreck, of which he himself has given so vivid an account, has ever
been considered one of the most striking episodes of Malta
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; supposed
St. Paul's
Bay
present engraving
the
ter,
and
is
to
be the ancient Melita
now shown
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;was
his
The
probably the scene of
island of
this disas-
to the curious tourist as the veritable locality.
prominent figure of
St.
to the shore.
99
In the
Paul dominates over a stormy sea, strewn
with pieces of the wreck, while the inmates of the ship are struggling
and ways
life.
in
various attitudes
99
—
DEATH ON THE PALE HORSE. See Revelation
JHE
description of this scene in
Holy Writ
the utterances of the inspired Exile of horse,
and
his
name
that sat
vi.
is
one of the most vivid and wonderful of
Patmos
—
"
And
on him was Death, and
I
looked, and behold, a pale
hell followed with him."
It is
the opening of the fourth seal.
M. Dore has shown the
In his treatment of this subject
thought.
The
under proper design
is
subject
restraint,
—one
is difficult
without at
grand and mysterious, as
steed, with fiery nostrils its
all
resistless
easily
exaggerated
impairing his
befits the
facility,
theme.
and wildly flowing mane, the
way, the terrible figure of death with
beholder with a nameless dread. ioo
;
fine imaginative quality of his
but he seems to have kept himself originality or inventive power.
The headlong fearful its
The
career of the apocalyptic
blackness through which
attendant train of fiends
it
all
flashes fill
the
IOO
**
'
--
.' .