Sustainable masterplan desislava by Desi Kushelieva

TMA1413-15161516 - Environmental Impacts of Buildings and Urban Development SUSTAINABLE HUDDERSFIELD Masterplan

25 Green / Luciano Pia The project wants to create a flowing and smooth transition space to soften the passage from the inside to the outside where the space is always enjoyable. The smooth and changeable transition is emphasized by a targeted use of the green and the building materials so to create a structure which is compact and distinct but also transparent, mutable and enjoyable. It is a special building because it is alive: it grows up, it breaths and it changes since 150 trees with tall trunks cover its terraces. Together with 50 trees planted in the court garden they produce oxygen, absorb carbonic anhydride, cut down air pollution, protect from noise, follow the natural cycle of Seasons, grow up day after day and create a perfect microclimate inside the building so diminishing the fall and rise in temperature in summertime and wintertime. One of the aims of the project is the increase of the energetic efficiency and for this reason several integrated solutions have been adopted: continuous insulation, sun protection, heating and cooling systems which make use of the geothermal energy with heat pumps and recycling of the falling rain to water the green

Architects: Luciano Pia Location: Via Gabriele Chiabrera, 25, 10126 Torino, Italy Area: 7500.0 sqm Project Year: 2012

a The project comes from the necessity of making a residential building to complement a block featured by lack of homogeneity and heterogeneous prospects. The aim of the project is both the construction of the block perimeter with a continuous faรงade and the making of a filter between the internal inhabited space and the streets.

. In the vases there are trees or shrubs of different heights from 2.5 m. to 8 m. Deciduous species have been planted to have sun irradiation in wintertime too. The choise of the species , even if diversified according to the different needs, has been made to grant a variety of leaves, colours and flowering.

CONCLUSION

This project is going to help develop the ideas for the Masterplan. They are both very green projects and both project briefs aim to introduce a more sustainable way of living. However, the design of the Huddersfield master plan is not going to be an exact translation of this one.

Blue Sea Development Company The building, which has earned LEED-Platinum, Energy Star, and National Green Building Gold ratings, was designed to meet New York City’s Active Design Guidelines to promote physical fitness and reduce obesity of the residents. It includes a fully equipped gym, and a physical trainer will come in to offer classes and teach the residents how to use the equipment. Stair usage also will be encouraged.

This project is affordable housing development with building integrated farm. The project incorporates waste heat capturing, BIPV, on-site storage and packaging. Also, It uses a cooperative business model with job training provided for the people living there. The project was designed in 2010 and build in 2010-2011. Some of the technologies it uses include heating the greenhouses with the waste heat captured from the building. The greenhouses are powered mainly through solar capturing and is irrigated by captured rainwater

http://www.ecobuildingpulse.com/news/developer-raises-the-bar-in-the-bronx_o

http://centerforactivedesign.org/awards/blueseadev elopmentcompany Arbor House was constructed on land within the Forest Houses complex in the Morrisania section of the Bronx that Blue Sea Development purchased at below-market value from the New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA). In exchange for the land price reduction, 25 percent of the units are set aside for NYCHA residents. Another 25 percent of the units are for residents in the immediate community, with 5 percent for disabled residents and 5 percent for municipal employees. At press time, the units were about 50 percent leased, and residents

In addition, it addresses the lack of access to healthy food in this neighbourhood by integrating a 10,000 sf hydroponic rooftop farm, which will function as a community supported agriculture (CSA) arrangement in which “Arbor House” residents can purchase shares of healthy food produced by the farm. Mount Sinai Hospital is conducting a formal evaluation of “Arbor House” to assess the impact of Active Design and other health-related strategies on the well-being of its residents. http://centerforactivedesign.org/awards/blueseadevelopmentcompany

Blue Sea Development’s latest project in the South Bronx goes above and beyond just providing affordable housing. Arbor House not only provides 124 units of energyefficient housing for residents earning 60 percent or less of the area median income, but it also offers a healthier lifestyle.

The farm is being operated by Boston-based Sky Vegetables, and 40 percent of the produce will be made available to the community for residents, schools, hospitals, and markets. The initial plan is to grow leaf crops, such as kale, lettuce, and some herbs, with other vegetables to follow. It will be irrigated by the property’s rainwater harvesting system.

Blue Sea Development also is introducing new energy-efficient features hoping to make a difference on residents’ utility bills. In addition to its usual energy-efficiency features like Energy Star appliances and lighting, high-efficiency boilers, and airtight building envelope, it has included energymonitoring systems in every unit to provide realtime energy usage feedback.

CONCLUSION This project is going to influence the main project objectives of the Masterplan. The business model is going to be very similar to the one of Blue Sea Development Company.

'Canal Houses’: Aarhus Harbour Housing Project Winning Proposal / ADEPT + Luplau Poulsen The Canal Houses continues to work with the same depth as the house next door and the concept for the garden continues, creating a green courtyard that appears as a united entity making use of the same types of paving, plantings, vegetation as well as the overall design of path connection through and around the courtyard. To contribute to the sustainable initiatives for the Harbour Houses the Canal Houses will meet the environmental 2020 standards and will be built with green rooftops to contributing to the delay of rainwater when heavy rain will appear as well as increase the quality of the residents who will have a beautiful view overlooking the green rooftops.

CONCLUSION Both the development in Huddersfield and this project share similar location- both situated near a canal. It is useful to see apartment blocks fitting so well with the surroundings. I am using this project to form and enhance the ‘Sustainable Huddersfield’ project.

STRENGTHS

SITE ASSESMENT

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SITE STATEMENT A brownfield site situated close to the town centre and on the banks of the Canal. However, it is lacking domestic properties. The closest ones are student accommodations. Introducing mixed apartment types will help improve community spirit.

WEAKNESSES o

The character of the place is such that people mainly pass through it on the way to and from work. This presents a great opportunity for a small cafeteria near St Andrews Road. The location is conveniently situated close to supermarkets. Although, big supermarket are not generally perceived as ‘sustainable’ in this case they can be seen as serving as a ‘local shop’.

The development site is chosen as a brownfield site – Currently used as a parking lot. ‘Sustainable Huddersfield’ is doing to introduce back greenery to the site removing the concrete slab and replacing it with SUDS. Site is in close proximity to existing offices and factories hence it is supported by the local infrastructure such is public transport, roads and existing services. The site is in 5 minutes distance from town centre and is very well connected with the local transport infrastructure. Having the canal run next to the site strengthen the economic viability for the development. This feature is expected to form a key feature and draw investors in. The site is situated right next to the Huddersfield Canal which gives opportunities for development while retaining path near the canal and enhancing it aesthetically. Keeping the vegetation around the edges of the site will promote health and wellbeing for the site

 The following map indicates that the location of the site will be permitted to for Leisure and Recreation, Business (limited to 235 square meters of floor space)use. Also, Proposed Walkway is nearby the site and a Footbridge. The close proximity to the town centre makes the area great for development of the near canal side pathway. The Site is also close to an area for Shopping Development Existing Waterway to be safeguarded.

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OPPORTUNITY

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c b ca a d

Grow own food and take care of hens Introduce go -through cafeteria Introduce Green bridge Introduce Car Share Connect the site back to town centre Use small amount square meters by designing tall apartment blocks Improve community spirit by mixing different living spaces and introduce communal areas. Introduce a bridge for easier access to local supermarket, bus stops and town centre Sustainable Huddersfield’ itself is going to provide work places and rent offices eliminating the need to travel long distances. Also, the area has a lot of job places due to the site’s close proximity to factories.

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Location Plan of the area before the future development (not to scale)

Not a lot of amenities drawing people to the area since it is mainly industrial and office area. Site utilized for travel through as opposed to staying. Lack of community.

Before construction starts, an environmental consultant will perform analysis of the site to determine if there is any contamination. Possibility of opposition from locals when the project is introduced through a forum or event to them.

DESIGN GENERATORS

COMMUNITY APPROVAL • • •

Stage 1 In order for this project to be successful local residents must be happy with the future proposition. • Waste reduction while construction To ensure that they are fully informed a consultation with local community will be held. Both as setting up a website and hosting small scale exhibition as well as contacting local authorities. The project is designed and specified to minimise the risk of crime and fear of crime,. b. Address the threats and issues identified in the preceding Crime Impact Assessment, c. Are designed in accordance with a relevant approved security standard/scheme. Map with existing transport infrastructure

TRANSPORT The site is well connected to the local transport infrastructure. Although there aren’t any bus stops right next to the site, the existing ones are 5 minutes walk away. Car share scheme is being introduced to the residents of ‘Sustainable Huddersfield’

OBJECTIVES Incorporate communal vegetable and fruit gardens  and sell it locally  Take care of hens  Incorporate new generation of photovoltaic that can be built into the glazing of a conservatory  A socially, environmentally and economic sustainable development  A socially inclusive environment that positively contributes to the fabric of Huddersfield  Develop a master plan the is economically viable  Promote sustainable mobility across and within the area  Set a Benchmark for sustainable design for future Huddersfield developments  Rainwater collection of roof and using it as flushing  Tap restriction of water meters  Install leak detection  Use biomass on site (create job openings for the residents operating)  Create offices and cafeteria on the east front. This will create more work places for the people living in the residence in the back. They will serve as a buffer for noise and air pollution ensuring privacy for the residents  Build a foot bridge linking the area with Sainsbury to stimulate pedestrians to walk or cycle to the town centre  Bus stops in close proximity of the site. This may eliminate the need for some residents to use their cars.  •Reduce size of building footprint (Physical and resource)  •Reduce fossil fuel energy consumption to avoid climate change  •Selective use of materials e.g. Use timber from well managed forests (FSC or PEFC certified) 

DESIGN GENERATORS PERMIABILITY

BRIEF Globally, citizens are of need of positive models demonstrating a brighter future for the environmental conditions. Eco communities address this need, exploring aspects of sustainability such as environmental, social, economic and spiritual. Sustainable Huddersfield is a development designed in response to Huddersfield Town centre’s need of social spaces and greenery.

The site is very permeable. This is also one of the main design generators. Creating a more sustainable community involves dedicating cycle paths from the entrances of the site to bike lockers situated next to the canal and in front of residential or office building entrances.

The Vision for ‘Sustainable Huddersfield’ is to deliver a sustainable urban community with affordable homes. The project will consist of diverse mix of land uses and built form incorporating a network of open spaces. The community spirit will be strengthen by opening additional working openings for residents who would like to participate in growing vegetables and taking care of hens. Those activities will be happening on the rooftop of each building. In order to attract as much people on site, a drive-through cafeteria will be introduced facing St. Andrews Road.

GREEN AREAS

50 Bedrooms

2 Shared Balconies 2x98sqm Rooftop Communal Area – 512sqm

The site is already diverse and one of the areas with the most greenery. However, replacing the concrete slab with greenery and pervious paving is going to boost the biodiversity even more and provide a green corridor .To boost the biodiversity nesting sites and bat houses will be introduced.

SHARED SPACES Office Rooftop Area- 512sqm

50 Bedrooms

For shared houses it is advised at least a 1square meter/per bedroom (Code for Sustainable Homes,). ‘Sustainable Huddersfield’ provides times more the advised area excluding the 2 Shared Balconies outdoor communal area. Providing 100 bedrooms and plenty of area 2x98sqm for socializing, the project Rooftop Communal 20,7sqm of shared space per Area – 512sqm single bedroom. The total communal area provided is 2070sqm. All the communal spaces are adjacent or in close Outdoor Kids Playground proximity. Biking Path is introduced running along the -185sqm Canal. Rooftop Area – 215sqm

HOUSE STRATEGY

Location Map 1:1000

One of the main aims of this project is to deliver affordable housing developments. The development will be incorporating mixed use of housing such as lifetime homes, student accommodation, elderly apartments and renting people. The scheme also delivers job openings renting offices and as a Greenhouse or Hen worker. This will boost the community spirit. The design creates opportunities for large communal gatherings both outdoors and indoors.

MASTERPLAN STRATEGIES

DRAINAGE

STREET LIGHTING Incorporated in the design will be high performing solar street lighting to increase security in the area.

RAYON ENERGY(2014)

•High efficiency solar panels from export quality manufacturing facility using multicrystalline solar cells with 10 years

Philadelphia Water Departmen, . (2015).

SAFETY HEALTH AND WELLBEING Proving good living environment is the main focus area for this development. Providing sufficient amount of natural ventilation, hours of daylight and using natural materials are just some of the strategies used in this project. Strengthening the community spirit is a likely outcome. The project provides 20,7sqm of communal areas per bedroom and greenery is of abundance.

ENERGY

The main goal for this project is reducing the need of heating therefore achieving higher sustainability. The buildings are fitted with double skin facade and thick wall insulation minimising the need of heating. Parking/transport

Designated drop-odd area adjoining to the access road behind Residential Block 1 and provide direct access to pedestrian footpath, therefore avoiding pedestrians to cross vehicle access routes Dedicated pedestrian crossings provided where pedestrian routes cross ST. Andrews Rd, and appropriate traffic calming measures placed to slow traffic down at these crossing points. Parking and turning areas designed for simple manoeuvring according to the type of delivery vehicle likely to access the site, thus avoiding the need for repeated shunting. 10. There is a dedicated space for the storage of refuse skips and pallets away from the delivery vehicle manoeuvring area and staff/visitor car parking To ensure the comfort and well-being of the residents a suitably qualified security consultant will conduct an evidencebased Crime Impact Assessment (CIA) during or prior to Concept Design (RIBA Stage 2 or equivalent)

Future-proofing a design is a necessity in the current reality. Forecasts for UK involve increase of the rainfall. This is why the design of this project is going to incorporate a collection rainfall runoff . The water will be filtered and later used for watering the Greenhouse Plants, toilet and bathroom. By having a Full Infiltration system will pollution will be reduced, rapid run-off will be significantly decreased. (local Planning Requirement,PPS25) Both toilet and shower facilities are fitted with low water using appliances.

warrantee •System cost recovery in 3 years. •Autonomy of three days in case of no sunshine •Tubular deep discharge batteries with 5 years life •Smart charge controller to improve the battery performance and panel output •Automatic dusk to dawn operation •High quality GI pole to last long for more than 10 years. •Galvanized or corrosion resistant material used for pole for longer life

WATTAGE – 36W NUMBER OF LED – 36 LED BATTERY(ah) – 12V 150 AH BACKUP(hrs) – 12 BODY STRUCTURE – Aluminium Body

STRATEGIES

Solar PV

GLAZING

‘Sustainable Huddersfield’ has been designed with local

materials and for good air quality Solar PV Greenhouses Transparent Photovoltaic are incorporated in the design. They will be mounted into the fabric of the greenhouses of each roof garden. The innovative photovoltaic will compliment the biomass technology previously mentioned, securing weather – proofing, thermal control, sound barrier and shading. (U value 0.9, G value DGU)(Polysolar. (2015) Polysolar Colourless Transparent Photovoltaic(PS-CT) Set panel size of 600mm x 1200mm Available in single or double glazed units. TheLedLight. (NA). Recessed 40w Dimmable Led Panel Light , lighting with square LED panels. Retrieved from http://www.led-light-panel.com/sell-1800162-recessed-40w-dimmable-ledpanel-light-lighting-with-square-led-panels.html.

Weber Therm XP

Longevity LED panels last a lot longer than traditional lights, ideal for businesses that need to keep a close eye on incomings and outgoings. You also want to enjoy peace of mind and not worry constantly that the lights will go out. LEDs are entirely reliable in this regard.

FEATURES AND BENEFITS Increasing energy efficiency leading to economic benefits One coat application, significantly reducing the 'programme of works' and all associated costs Through-colour, thick mineral render for low maintenance and durability Provides efficient thermal insulation for refurbishment and new build projects Particularly suited to high rise applications and for areas where high impact resistance is required Eliminates interstitial condensation by creating a 'warm wall' construction High strength mechanical fixings allow application to existing 'suspect' or friable surfaces Quality assured raw materials Supported by comprehensive technical and architectural services

Eco-friendly LED lights can be easily recycled, make nearly no pollution during the manufacturing process and they contain no mercury, so they’re a lot more sustainable than other products out there. (ledpanelstore.

(2015). The Advantages Of LED Lighting Panels. Retrieved from http://www.ledpanelstore.co.uk/blog/led-lighting-panels-benefits/.)

(FenestaPro.

(2012). Aaron Regazzoli. Retrieved from http://www.fenestrapro.com/seeing-double-part-ii-the-role-of-a-double-skin-facade-energyconsumption/.)

BRE Green Guide A+

(GREENBUILDINGSTORE. (2015). Formerly Ecocontract range. Retrieved from http://www.greenbuildingstore.co.uk/page-ecocontract-commercial-windows-doors.html.)

WALL MATERIALITY

Brightness These lighting options come with highly reflective panels.

Due to the protection of the external skin, natural ventilation through the cavity can be achieved whilst not compromising occupant comfort during harsh climatic conditions such as wind, rain and snow. Acoustic Insulation: Due to the addition of an external skin, it is possible to achieve the same degree of acoustic insulation with the windows open as you can with the windows closed in conventional single-skin façade construction. Occupant Comfort/Productivity: As occupants are able to control light penetration with louvers or shading devices and to regulate air movement and temperature with operable windows, the overall building comfort levels are increased. In turn, due to increased environmental control and comfort levels, work productivity is increased. Additional Security: Double-Skin Façades provide a relatively unobtrusive method of achieving building security due to a continuous glazing layer with small ventilation grilles as opposed to project opening with bars or vents.

High performance triple glazing FSC® 100% redwood or oak timber Triple glazed UW values as low as 0.85 W/m2K Triple glazed UD values as low as 0.95 W/m2K

Pellets are made from sawdust which is obtained from the waste produced in the manufacture of furniture or timber.

ENERGY BIOMASS BioClassNG

Unlike fossil fuels, biomass is a fuel with a neutral balance of greenhouse gas emissions. Levels of carbon dioxide emissions released during the combustion of biomass fuels, are comparable to those released during the natural cycle of decomposition. Thus, the use of biomass fuel doesn´t alter the balance of the carbon dioxide cycle and is therefore environmentally friendly. Biomass fuels are made from waste, deforestation is not necessary for their manufacture. The BioClass NG boiler reduces the temperature of the combustion gases notably, thereby achieving the highest performance rates on the market.

House strategy BASEMENT AREA 1:500 INTRODUCING 26 PARKING SPOTS; 8 OF WHICH FOR DISABLED

1st, 2nd FLOOR 1:500 ROOFTOP 1:500 Commercial Units

GROUND FLOOR 1:500 Meeting Areas; Water/ Waste Recycling/Biomass Storage

CONCLUSION GROUND, 1st FLOOR 1:500 Childcare Facilities

1st,2nd FL(SAME AS BLOCK B) - Student/ Family/ Lifetime Homes

ROOFTOP(SAME AS BLOCK B) - Greenhouse Production and Packaging Area ROOFTOP GARDEN1:500 Educational Green Workshops

One of the greatest opponents of sustainability are supermarkets and international food franchises. They promote tyranny of distance, leave food deserts. Their high competiveness leaves farmers with low profit even though their products are of lower quality. The production and transportation process for the supermarket emits high levels of CO2 and has high energy usage. It also uses a lot of fresh water, pollutes the environment and is dependent on fossil fuels. To address this emerging issue of internalization of food supply,' Sustainable Huddersfield' is introducing affordable apartment developments with built-in integrated farm. Having analyzed the scheme it shows low carbon emissions, energy and water conservation, reduced levels of pollution, elimination of pesticides. Also, the products are of higher quality and since they are distributed locally the spoilage is less. The scheme is aiming to achieve highest Outstanding BREEAM Rating. Having analyzed the different site responses, the scheme is well adapted to its surroundings. The built form is facing around 160 degrees taking into account information taken from eco software Ecotec. To make the most of the available daylight and the views the design includes large south facing glazing. Information available shows that distance between building blocks is enough to let daylight reach all of them.

BLOCK A

BLOCK C

BLOCK B

BLOCK D

Information available shows that the site is already the area with most greenery in the surrounding due to the nature of the area. However, steps have been taken to reach higher biodiversity levels like introducing even more local vegetation. The introduction of this vegetation is going to create a green corridor helping animals and insects move through the scarce green areas in the region.

•PicTURES 2013 Center for Active Design. (2013). Produce growing in the rooftop hydroponic farm at Arbor House [photograph]. Retrieved from http://centerforactivedesign.org/arbor-house Center for Active Design. (2013). Blue Sea Development Company [photograph]. Retrieved from http://centerforactivedesign.org/awards/blueseadevelopmentcompany NYCHA. (2013, February 27). New York City Housing Authority Flickr [photograph]. Retrieved from http://inhabitat.com/nyc/new-arbor-house-apartment-boasts-a-massive-rooftop-farm-and-affordable-rent-in-the-bronx/ A - Giardino, B. (2013, March 13). 25 Green / Luciano Pia [photograph]. Retrieved from http://www.archdaily.com/609260/25-green-luciano-pia B - 25 Verde, an Amazing Urban Treehouse by Luciano Pia [photograph]. (2015, March 16). Retrieved from http://www.homedsgn.com/2015/03/16/25-verde-an-amazing-urban-treehouse-by-luciano-pia/25-verde-01/ C - Giardino, B. (2015, March 13). 17 [photograph]. Retrieved from http://www.designboom.com/architecture/luciano-pia-25-verde-treehouse-torino-italy-03-13-2015/ D - Giardino, B. (2015, March 13). 1 [photograph]. Retrieved from http://www.designboom.com/architecture/luciano-pia-25-verde-treehouse-torino-italy-03-13-2015/ Philadelphia Water Departmen, . (2015). Green Streets Design Manual. , retrieved from http://www.phillywatersheds.org/what_were_doing/gsdm.

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HATC Limited,. (2006). Page - 17. Housing Space Standards. Retrieved 25 November 2015, from https://www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/files/archives/uploads-space-standards.pdf . (2014). RAYON ENERGY SOLAR STREET LIGHT SYSTEM. Retrieved from http://www.rayonindia.com/solar-street-lights.html. Polysolar. (2015). Colourless Transparent Photovoltaic. Leaflet, FenestaPro. (2012). Aaron Regazzoli. Retrieved from http://www.fenestrapro.com/seeing-double-part-ii-the-role-of-a-double-skin-facadeenergy-consumption/. ledpanelstore. (2015). The Advantages Of LED Lighting Panels. Retrieved from http://www.ledpanelstore.co.uk/blog/led-lighting-panelsbenefits/. TheLedLight. (NA). Recessed 40w Dimmable Led Panel Light , lighting with square LED panels. Retrieved from http://www.led-lightpanel.com/sell-1800162-recessed-40w-dimmable-led-panel-light-lighting-with-square-led-panels.html. GREENBUILDINGSTORE. (2015). Formerly Ecocontract range. Retrieved from http://www.greenbuildingstore.co.uk/page--ecocontractcommercial-windows-doors.html.