Land use

Land use

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Historically, PRD was mainly a grain-producing area of China and farming played a dominant role until the 1980s (Indian National Science Academy, 2001). It also had a rich economy of aquaculture. Starting from the 1970s, as a consequence of three decades of rural industrialisation and the subsequent urbanisation, the region witnessed a dramatic expansion in the built-up areas. Rural industrialisation policies in the region led to a change in land use from the agricultural sector to the industrial sector. sector. Large amounts of productive farmland were converted to built-up areas, 33.1% in 1973 to 17.6% in 1995 (Lei, 2014) to accommodate this growth. The urban-rural relationship has changed over time. This development led to water and land pollution, loss of farmland, as well as deterioration of the ecosystem and living environment (Carmona, 2014; Lei, 2014). The increase in the construction activity shows a direct relationship between the rapid urbanisation and change in land use resulting in limited land capacity. Industrialisation is also closely followed by high migration causing increased construction activity over the past few decades. The labour-intensive manufacturing industries were dispersed geographically throughout the whole region. New manufacturing industries were established changing the morphology with the introduction of new amenities and infrastructure networks. Today, most of the region on the east bay is urbanised and the farming and aquaculture is concentrated on the west bay.