Figure 1.1 The Hammarby Model, Stockholm: An Example of Integrated

Stockholm: Integrated planning and management through systematic stakeholder collaboration

In an ongoing redevelopment project in Hammarby Sjöstad, a district in the southern part of Stockholm, the Stockholm city council set out to improve on Swedish best practice in sustainability in 1995—the year the environmental program was adopted—by a factor of two on a range of indicators, most notably energy effi ciency per square meter. In Sweden, the average annual rate of energy use in some regular new development projects is 200 kilowatthours per square meter; cutting-edge practice produces an effi ciency of 120 kilowatt-hours per square meter (Bylund 2003). The current project is aiming for a rate of 100 kilowatthours per square meter. Other targets set for the project include water conservation, waste reduction and reuse, emissions reduction, reduced use of hazardous materials in construction, use of renewable sources of energy, and integrated transportation solutions. Stockholm is already a sustainable city, and the city council intended for this project to be a pathbreaking demonstration of sustainable methods of urban redevelopment. Hammarby Sjöstad is one of three designated ecocycle districts in Stockholm.

To accomplish the objectives set by the city council, the three city departments of waste, energy, and water and sewage collaboratively designed a model, the Hammarby Model. The Hammarby Model represents an attempt to turn a linear urban metabolism—consume resources on infl ow and discard waste through outfl ow—into a cyclic urban metabolism by optimizing the use of resources and minimizing waste (fi gure 1.1). The model streamlines vari-

Energy

Waste

Figure 1.1 The Hammarby Model, Stockholm: An Example of Integrated Planning and Management

Source: City of Stockholm, Fortum, Stockholm Water Company.

Water