Figure 1.26 Shantigram Township before the Land Readjustment Scheme

Figure 1.26 Shantigram Township before the Land Readjustment Scheme, Gujarat, India

Source: Ballaney (2008). Note: This fi gure and the following illustrates the ‘before’ and ‘after’ scenarios of Land Readjustment in Gujarat, India.

tion, density, and use of the existing built form by increasing the fl oor area ratio; allowing the transfer of development rights (see the Curitiba case in part 3); rezoning and changing land use patterns; and, more important, revising and enforcing building codes and standards. These steps might create incentives for private redevelopment eff orts. In some cases, land readjustment may be used, though it is much harder to convince stakeholders in an existing urban community to demolish their properties for the purpose of the city’s redevelopment if they have already built up urban structures. However, if accompanied by a sizable increase in the fl oor area ratio or, in the case of slums, by formal recognition or the introduction of basic services such as drainage, water, and sanitation, the returns may make economic sense. Redevelopment projects at a larger scale for certain areas and districts of a city have also been successful in enhancing the sustainability of existing areas. Such is the case of the redevelopment of old manufacturing sites as waterfront residences. Because the old sites are not