Architecture Thesis - Centre for spiritual gathering and cultural learning

DILKUSH MARJAN B.ARCH 10TH SEMESTER GSAP 1 G Q 1 5 AT 0 1 4

Wahadath CENTRE FOR SPIRITUAL GATHERING & CULTURAL LEARNING

01

02 03 -04

I NTRO D U C T I O N

03 05

CAS E STU D I ES

04 06-07

SITE AN ALYSIS

05 08-09

MAST ER PLAN

10-19

D ES I G N

Wahadath

CENTRE FOR SPIRITUAL GATHERING &CULTURAL LEARNING

INTRODUCTION Religion in India is characterised by a diversity of religious beliefs and practices.Religion and spirituality have a multitude of differences, the belief in something bigger than the self is what unites them. They are both just means to achieve happiness,

WHY THIS PROJECT !!

ISLAM & IMAGE OF ISLAM

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE : As an ardent believer of Islam myself, I frequently

Islam is one of the fastest growing religions with over 1.6 billion followers

have trouble finding a suitable Mosque for the weekly congregational prayer.

across the globe.You have most likely heard about Islam through the

The only mosques within my college vicinity are in Hoodi and Basavanagar

media, conversations with your friends or colleagues, stumbled upon

which consistently fell short of space to accomodate the worshippers. Since

it while browsing the web or perhaps you identify as a Muslim yourself.

the neighborhood consisted primarily of Multinational corporate and IT

Although Islam is the second most followed religion in the world after

companies, the number was only increasing. This arose the question of the

Christianity, it also one of the most misunderstood. It can be overwhelming

need for an Islamic centre in the locality

to discern the differences between what Islam truly teaches from the misinformation and misconceptions that are widespread.

peace and appreciation for life. They overlap in a person’s individual experiences that impact how they think, feel, and act. It is upto the individual on what their beliefs are, but Religion and Spirituality are both important in maintaining the balance between your mind, body and spirit.

REASONS FOR THE MISCONCEPTION Mosque at hoodi Bangalore

The lane used by worshippers due to insfficent space

Mosque at basavanagar Whitefield-Bangalore

SPIRITUALITY & RELIGION Spirituality is about one’s soul and inner self. Being spiritual

WAHADATH is an Arabic word which losely translates to ‘unity’ or

involves holding one’s personal set of beliefs and practices and

‘togetherness’. The intent behind the project is to establish “Unity in

searching for the purpose of life. Each person’s own definition

Diversity” which is done by providing a space for everyone, irrespectiveof

of spirituality can vary throughout their lifetime, adapting to

their Faith or Religion. A Prayer hall for Muslims is also provided since there

individual experiences. It is a universal, personalised experience,

was a need for an Islamic centre in the area.

RELIGIOUS PLACES & PURPOSE practices and a structuresd belief system shared by among those who are members of the institution. The beliefs, which are often transcendental, are passed on from members and are based on either a formally documental creed or established cultural practices.A religious person is committed to following the guidelines set by his/her religion and observes the rites an

Social media

Media while being a uselful tool in delivering information across the

and everyone’s experience is unique.

Religion refers to an institution that has a set of organised

Visual media

A place of worship is a specially designed structure or consecrated space where individuals or a group of people such as a congregation come to perform acts of devotion, veneration, or religious study. A building constructed or used for this purpose is sometimes called a house of worship. spiritual structures served a

world, is often miscontrued to convey false images. One of them is the misconceptions realted to Islam and their believers in the current world.

Muslims in America often face criticism, mainly from those who are unfamiliar with the religion and tend to generalize the Muslim population as violent and barbaric terrorists.

significant purpose in the shaping of the communities they preceded. Sacred spaces provide an interface between society, government, and development.

practices regularly.

Shape of social media influence

Introduction

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Wahadath

CENTRE FOR SPIRITUAL GATHERING &CULTURAL LEARNING

PRAYI N G H AN D PO STU RES

P RAYI N G PO ST U RES

Thakbir

Al qiyyam

Ruku

Sujud

Julus

In a world where people have immediate access to information and only believe in Science and facts, Prophet Mohammed (PBUH), 1400 years ago, without access to the modern knowledge told things that are in line with the science of today.

Islam is the only religion where the physical movement of prayer are combined with spiritual exercises.

All religions have different hand postures for praying which have

YO G A PO ST URES

been carried on from centuries. These are some of the hand postures for praying that symbolically convey the same intention which is to ask for blessings or for forgiveness for the sin and mistakes committed in life.

BANGALORE POPULATION INDEX

Tadasana

Prayer

Uttanasana

Balasana

Vajrasana

Yoga, an ancient practice and meditation, has become increasingly popular in today’s busy society. For many people, yoga provides a retreat from their chaotic

SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

and busy lives. This is true whether you’re practicing downward facing dog posture on a mat in your bedroom, in an ashram in India or even in New York City’s Times

This thesis aim to create a space for spiritual gathering and cultural learning that incorporate the

Square. Yoga provides many other mental and physical benefits. Although yoga

effect of architecture on human spiritual beliefs. it seeks not only create a huge mosque with

is not a religion, this ancient practice can have an affect on a person in a spiritual sense because of the seven spiritual laws that yoga students are taught to follow. ... Yoga emphasizes the importance of regular meditation because of the way that it helps a person to keep their thoughts positive

Religion in India is characterised by a diversity of religious beliefs and practices. ... According to the 2011 census, 78.8% of the population of India practices Hinduism, 13.9% adheres to Islam, 5.61% adheres

large space and a spiritual centre but one where the space which gives spiritual and how they connects with the god along with everybody else as a communal entity

to Christianity, 0.15% adheres to Sikhism, 0.06% adheres to Buddhism, 0.97% adheres to jainism and 0.01% adheres to other religions

Introduction

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Wahadath

O N L I N E CASE STU DY

CENTRE FOR SPIRITUAL GATHERING &CULTURAL LEARNING

LIVE CAS E ST UDY

- LO CA L M O SQUE

Mishkal mosque is a medieval mosque located in Calicut in the Indian state of Kerala. The mosque, one of the oldest in Malabar, is an important cultural, historical and architectural monument in Kerala. The mosque was built by a rich Arab merchant, Nakhooda Mishkal, in the 14th century. It is named “Mishkal Mosque” after him. It is located in Kuttichira, a part of Thekkepuram region in Calicut. In 1510, the mosque was partially burned in a Portuguese attack. The top floors of the mosque still display some of that damage. Mishkal Mosque originally had five stories. It was reconstructed after the fire in 1510 and now has four stories. Typical for similarly aged mosques in Malabar, it has no cupolas and minarets and heavily employs timber. The mosque is built by skilled craftsmen called thachens, they followed vernacular architecture (temple architecture) to build this mosque. The entire mosque is built with wood which can accommodate 1000 people.

- C O NT EM PO RA RY ST R U C T U R ES

NOTRE DAME DE HAUT - In the history of Modern Architecture Notre Dame de Haut by Le Corbusier stands out as a masterpiece that not only beholds the grandness that it demands by function to be reconstructed church which is also a site for pilgrimage, but also its structural integrity with form and function, lighting gesture speaks through its own proportion that mesmerizes the people who gets inside and turns their body and mind to a state of submittance to the Highness. The structure projects a sensational sense of primitiveness and modernity too which makes it more profound in its site and make us feel that the structure is part of the site and belongs there since eternity.

Notre Dam De Haut

Floor Plan

View

O N LI N E CAS E ST UDY

North Elevation

Column Detail

East Elevation

Notre Dam De Haut Interior

CHAPEL OF ST. IGNATIUS BY STEVEN HOLL ARCHITECTS - The concept of “Seven Bottles of Light in a Stone Box” is expressed through the tilt-up method of construction. The integral color tilt-up concrete slab provides a more direct and economical tectonic than stone veneer. The building’s outer envelope is divided into 21 interlocking concrete panels cast flat on the chapel’s floor slab and on the reflecting pond slab.

Over the course of two days these panels were put in place by a hydraulic crane, which strained at the ponderous weights of up to 80,000 lbs. “Pick pockets,” or hooks inset into the panels were capped with bronze covers once the panels were upright. Windows were formed as a result of the interlocking of the tilt-up slabs, allowing the 5/8” open slab joint to be resolved in an interlocking detail.

Cross Section

- H ISTO RI C M O SQUE

The Blue Mosque (Called Sultanahmet Camii in Turkish) is an historical mosque in Istanbul. The mosque is known as the Blue Mosque because of blue tiles surrounding the walls of interior design. Mosque was built between 1609 and 1616 years, during the rule of Ahmed I. just like many other mosques, it also comprises a tomb of the founder, a madrasa and a hospice. Besides still used as a mosque 7 Bottle concept

Floor Plan

Chapel exterior

Longitudinal Section

Chapel Interior

Cross Section

Case Study

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Wahadath

CENTRE FOR SPIRITUAL GATHERING &CULTURAL LEARNING

WEATH ER & PREC I PITATI O N The city of Bangalore experiences very favorable weather throughout the year. Most tourists visit Bangalore in winter months, between September and March when the temperature is 28 to 32 degrees Celsius (82 to 90° Fahrenheit).

In summers from March to May you can see maximum temperature rise up to 38 degrees Celsius (100° Fahrenheit).

LO CATI O N

Plot No.121, Road No.5, Export Promotion Industrial Park, EPIP 2nd Phase, Whitefiled Industrial Area, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560066.

KTPO (Karnataka trade promotiton organisation ) located near graphite india pvt(ltd). which has huge exhibition hall established to promote domestic and international trade. KTPO has 50 acres of land with huge car parking facilities Precipitation graph

Site Pictures

Weather diagram

LAN D U S E M A P

Bangalore map

Industries

Land use map - whitefield area

Commercial

MNC’s

Appartments

Residences

Present site secction

KTPO existing site plan Site section from topography data

Site Analysis

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Wahadath

SU N PATH & WI N D D I REC T I O N

CENTRE FOR SPIRITUAL GATHERING &CULTURAL LEARNING

TO P O G RA PHY M A P Transportation access Upcomin Metro

Winter Solstice

lane

Summer Solstice

Rich Building types

Monsoon winds Less Public space Less number of Mosques Over Crowded Mosques in sur rounding areas

Public interaction space City Expansion Shared Car Parking with KTPO

Normal winds Water Scarcity Heavy Traffic

The site has 3m level difference in elevation from west side to east side,but they have made it flat for the use of car parking while constructing the KTPO building

Transit map

Building height map

Figure Ground map

Building Use map

Base map

1-4 storieys

Fore Ground

Proposing site

Residential

Proposing site

Arterial Road

4-8 storieys

Figure Ground

Commercial

Vegitation

Major Views

Metro Stations

8-15 storieys

Religioius

Waterbody

Metro Lane

15 and above

Industrial

Main Road

Proposing Site

Site Analysis

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Wahadath

ZO N I N G

C O N C EPT UAL MASSI N G

CENTRE FOR SPIRITUAL GATHERING &CULTURAL LEARNING

S ITE D E TA I LS Location : KTPO Whitefield Total site area : 18.4 Acres :74857.7sqm Total foor Area :9681 sqm Coverage : 12.9% FAR : 0.12 FAR can be acheved : 1.25 Baren land with very less vegitation surrounded by multintional companies , corporate office and appartments.

Main Structures

Main Structures surrounded with supporting facilities

PRO G RA M R EQUI R EM ENTS Prayer hall for muslims (1500 - 2000 pax)

Space for Non muslims (Spiritual centre)

Auditorium (300 pax)

Administration Secondary Structures

Cultural learning Centre

Dormitory (240)

Library for students & Public

Cafteria Main Structures seperated from supporting structures

Main Structures Connecting Space Secondary Structures

Supporting Structures

Supporting Facilities Pedestrian & Vehicular Access Public Access

Semi Public Access Major Views to Site Rendered Arial View

Final Massing - Isolating semi public spaces to one corner of the site and providing single entrance and exit for the mosque and spiritual centre which is connected by a plaza

Master Plan

DILKUSH MARJAN | SHEET NO - 8 | BARCH 10TH SEMSTER | GSAP - 1GQ15AT014

Wahadath

CENTRE FOR SPIRITUAL GATHERING &CULTURAL LEARNING

1. Mosque

6. Madrasa

11. Madrasa Entrance

16. Service Entry

20. Common Exit

23. Shared Parking

2. Spiritual Centre

7. Dormitory

12. Staff Parking

17. STP

21. Service entry to

24. STP

3. Plaza

8. Cafeteria

13. Service Road

18. Way to Library &

4. Ladies Prayer Hall

9. Pedestrian Entrance

14. Students Parking

5. Auditorium & Library

10. Vehicular Entrance

15. DG Room

Auditorium 19. Common Entrance

Cafeteria 22. Pedestrian & Vehicular divider

M AST ER P L A N - s c a le 1 :7 5 0

25. KTPO Entrance 26. Open Ground for EID Prayer

Master Plan

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Wahadath

CENTRE FOR SPIRITUAL GATHERING &CULTURAL LEARNING

D ESI G N C O N C EPTS

Form - Inspired from praying hand posture

Conceptual sketch

The design of the Mosque, including the form and plan has been evolved from the ‘Praying hand’ posture. The concept forms an organic design and can house 1500- 2000 people at once. It also includes a Ladies prayer hall on the north east corner that houses 150- 200 ladies. A mezzanine floor that is provided for Non- Muslims where they can watch them pray while standing next to each other, shoulder to shoulder symbolizing disregard for social status. The mezzanine leads to the Spiritual centre. Only one entry and exit and been provided to maximize interaction among the people.I have chosen white color for the building which sybolizes peace and tranquity

Conceptual model

final Form

Prayer Hall Floor plan - Inspired from praying hand posture

Conceptual step - 1

Conceptual step -2

Final plan

Connnecting beam

Circulation

Plaza

Ablution

Circulation Area Outside the structures

Washroom

Way to Spiritual centre Through Mezzzanine floor FLoor plan (1:300)

Section

Floor Slab

Load Transmission

Structural Support - concept model

Connection band at the bottom will be connected underground, and the top band is connected as an arch shaped beam to avoid buckling and cracks in the middle.

Section A (1:300)

Conceptual structural physical model

Design - Mosque DILKUSH MARJAN | SHEET NO - 10 | BARCH 10TH SEMSTER | GSAP - 1GQ15AT014

Wahadath

CENTRE FOR SPIRITUAL GATHERING &CULTURAL LEARNING

Intermediate support

Top roof slab

Skylight

Waffle slab

Roof slab Waffle slab Islamic pattern Screen (T inted glass) Mezzanine Floor slab

Minaret Islamic pattern Screen Floor plate RCC Framed Structure

Prayer Hall

Ablution

Circulation

Plaza

Mezzanine Floor

Washroom

Way to Spiritual centre Through Mezzzanine floor

Circulation Area Outside the structures Mezzanine Floor plan (1:300)

Exploded model Suitable for large span Volume of concrete is very less Aesthetically appealing Recommended thickness 80-110mm Width of the ribs generally 110-200 Requires 70% of cconcrete Waffle slab Waffle slab or ribbed slab is a structural component which is plain on its top and contains grid like system on its bottom surface. The top of ribbed slab is normally thin and the bottom grid lines are generally ribs which are laid perpendicular to each other with equal depth. Waffle slab has two directional reinforcement.

Section B (1:300)

Construction Detail

Minaret Conceptual sketches

Design - Mosque DILKUSH MARJAN | SHEET NO - 11 | BARCH 10TH SEMSTER | GSAP - 1GQ15AT014

Wahadath

CENTRE FOR SPIRITUAL GATHERING &CULTURAL LEARNING

D ESI G N C O N C EPTS

Concept

Initial conceptual sketch

Final conceptual sketch

Conceptual Massing

Rotating cuboid in 45degree angle

Removing the bottom part

Basic form

Conceptual Form

The building form has evolved from the praying hand posture which symbolises the idea of togetherness and unity. This space is open to everyone regardless of their faith or belief.

The intention of this centre is to provide a shared space for all people who can interact, educate and share their beliefs and knowledge. Although, the desired objective will be not be achieved immediately, the community will gradually grow stronger and will understand the need for a space like this.

Water signifies a large aspect of nature and has a tremendous effect on people due to its form, colour and texture. One primary feature of water that really affects our mindset is the property of floating. The sense of floating in water leads you to a controlled state of mind and body that heals us. This has been used as a concept for my design where the Spiritual centre experiences the sense of floating by being isolated on a waterbody that promotes a calm and tranquil environment.

Seating Space Elevated Platform Waterbody Entrance Pathway

Floor Plan (1:250)

MAT ERIALS

The spiritual centre is a space that can be used by anyone regardless of their faith. This space can also be used to conduct various religious or spiritual programs Exposed concrete , Teak wood , Tinted glass are the primary materials used in the structure. Exposed concrete forms the basic structure support. To highlight my concept of the praying hands rather than the form from outside, teak wood has been used to create organic form inside the building. Tinted glass on the north side minimizes the quantity of daylight entering the building. The harsh sunlight from the southern side is dealt with by providing vertical louvers Exposed Concrete

Teak Wood

Tinted Glass

Section B (1:250) Section A (1:250)

Design - Spiritual centre

DILKUSH MARJAN | SHEET NO - 12 | BARCH 10TH SEMSTER | GSAP - 1GQ15AT014

Wahadath

CENTRE FOR SPIRITUAL GATHERING &CULTURAL LEARNING

Structural Support

View from plaza

Interior view

Roof Plate

False Ceiling Entrance view

Interior view

Tinted Glass(north side) Ventilators

South side wall

North side Wall Ventilators

Louvers(south side) Entrance Foyer Waterbody

VENTILATOR

VENTILATORS

60

52

.2

41

60

Exploded Model

Top Ventilator Detail (1:50)

Southside Ventilator Detail (1:50)

Theb building is north- south oriented and passive cooling is provide. 12 ventilators are used on the east side to bring the cool air inside and 4 ventilators are used at the top of the structure to eliminate the hot air from the building

Design - Spiritual centre DILKUSH MARJAN | SHEET NO - 13 | BARCH 10TH SEMSTER | GSAP - 1GQ15AT014

Wahadath

CENTRE FOR SPIRITUAL GATHERING &CULTURAL LEARNING

Auditorium and Library are public buildings that can be accessed directly from the main entrance. The library is also open to public and the students from the madrasa. The auditorium can accommodate about 300 people and can be used for small programs. Mechanical ventilation system has been used in the Auditorium.

Auditorium Circulation space

Section B (1:150)

Auditorium plan (1:150)

Washroom

Auditorium space Security & control room Circulation space Washroom

Auditorium plan with security room (1:150)

Elevation

Design - Auditorium DILKUSH MARJAN | SHEET NO - 14 | BARCH 10TH SEMSTER | GSAP - 1GQ15AT014

Wahadath

CENTRE FOR SPIRITUAL GATHERING &CULTURAL LEARNING

The library has a capacity of 50,000 volume books which is primarily used by the students and scholars and also be used by the general public.

The building is N-S oriented to avoid heat gain and passive cooling techniques have been used.

Library Space Audio Visual Room Storage Room Circulation Space with outdoor seating

Library plan (1:150)

Renderd View

Renderd View

Design - library Section A (1:150)

DILKUSH MARJAN | SHEET NO - 15 | BARCH 10TH SEMSTER | GSAP - 1GQ15AT014

Wahadath

CENTRE FOR SPIRITUAL GATHERING &CULTURAL LEARNING

The cafeteria will be open to the public throughout the day which serves basic food and snacks. Although on certain occasions like Friday, lunch will also be provided which can generate some revenue.

Cafe space Renderd View

Display/Delivery counter Washroom

Keeping in mind the faith of the people, two different counters have been provided in the cafeteria for veg and non-veg. All non-veg food will be cooked either in the dormitory or the canteen to avoid discomfort among people.

The kitchen in the canteen will be solely used to cook veg food which will be freshly cooked and served.

Kitchen

Cafteria plan (1:150)

Section A (1:150)

Cafe interior - Renderd View

Section B (1:150)

2.2M radius Pre cast concrete cylindrical pipes used to create outdoor seating space

Design - Cafteria

DILKUSH MARJAN | SHEET NO - 16 | BARCH 10TH SEMSTER | GSAP - 1GQ15AT014

Wahadath

CENTRE FOR SPIRITUAL GATHERING &CULTURAL LEARNING

The madrasa has 8 classrooms which can accommodate 20-25 students in each class. There is also an administration office within the building. There is a dormitory for the students and scholars, next to the madrasa for all genders.

Rendered View

Class Rooms

Verandah & Staircase

Office Space

Washroom

Madrasa Ground Floor plan (1:150)

Aluminium jalli screens are used on the south facadeto block the harsh sunlight

Steel louvers are used on the east side as shading devices to block the morning sunlight to the office spaces

Concrete is the primary construction material it is used to make the frame for the lattice work on the south facade

SECTION B (1:150)

Design - Madrasa DILKUSH MARJAN | SHEET NO - 17 | BARCH 10TH SEMSTER | GSAP - 1GQ15AT014

Wahadath

CENTRE FOR SPIRITUAL GATHERING &CULTURAL LEARNING

Class Rooms Verandah & Staircase Washroom

Madrasa First Floor plan (1:150)

Renderd View

SECTION A (1:150) Renderd View - East side

Facade screen

Design - Madrasa

DILKUSH MARJAN | SHEET NO - 18 | BARCH 10TH SEMSTER | GSAP - 1GQ15AT014

Wahadath

CENTRE FOR SPIRITUAL GATHERING &CULTURAL LEARNING

450

Imams residence

Canteen

Kitchen & storage

Circulation space

460

Security room

180

155

180

155

Dormitory has been provided for scholars of both gender who have arrived from different cities to learn the Islamic values. It also has living spaces for the Madrasa staff. A mess with a kitchen has been provided on the ground floor. It includes a sperate service entry for the unloading of goods. The dormitory has a separate car parking. Each room is 4.6x4.0m with an attached bathroom.

460

400

450

Conceptual planning 4.5x4.5 Room layout

450

Ground floor plan (1:200)

Elevator

400

450

Section A (1:200)

180

155

180

155

Conceptual planning 4.6x4m room layout

ROOM 4.6 x 4.0

ROOM 4.6 x 4.0

ROOM 4.6 x 4.0

ROOM 4.1 X 4.6

ROOM 4.1 X 4.6

Section B (1:200) First floor plan (1:150) (Typical for rest of the floors)

Creating a cluster form by joining 5 rooms together

Design - Dormitory

DILKUSH MARJAN | SHEET NO - 19 | BARCH 10TH SEMSTER | GSAP - 1GQ15AT014

Wahadath

CENTRE FOR SPIRITUAL GATHERING &CULTURAL LEARNING

phisical models

Physical model of mosque and spiritual centre

Conceptual physical Structural model of mosque

DILKUSH MARJAN | SHEET NO - 20 | BARCH 10TH SEMSTER | GSAP - 1GQ15AT014

Thankyou

dilkush marjan b.arch 10th semester gsap 1gq15at014