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Typography 3
designed by Doaa Ibrahem Suleiman
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TYPE ANATOMY SIZE&SCALE WEIGHT
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KERNING & TRACKING14
TABLE OF 6
Leading &line spacing
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Aignment & justification
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MIXING TYPEFACES
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THE TYPOGRAPHIC GRID
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CONTENTs 7
Type
Anatomy 8
serief taypefaces
san serief taypefaces
caos hieght
Type crossbar
eye
x- height
bowl
stem
bar descender
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tail
descender
mean line
baseline
If all type was the same size,
then it would be difficult to know which was the most important information on the page.
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scale
In order to guide the reader, headings are usually large, sub-heading are smaller, and body type is smaller still Size and scale are one of the main elements to achieve visual
hierachy
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bold meduim italic light haevy
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Weight
Using different font weights is another important element to achieve visual
hierarchy.
Different weights such as establish
Bold, Regular, and Light
contrast improves legibility
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Kerning is the adjustment of individual letter pairs. Its purpose is not to tighten or loosen letter spacing overall but to remedy problems of unevenness which occur between specific letter pairs.
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KERNIN G
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TRACKING
Tracking differs from kerning in that tracking is the adjustment of space for groups of letters and entire blocks of text. Use tracking to change the overall appearance and readability of the text, making it more open and airy or more dense.
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Leading describes the vertical space between each line of type. It’s called this because strips of lead were originally used to separate lines of type in the days of metal typesetting. Leading is used in order to imporve legibilty and sometimes to create texture and contrast in a As a rule Leading is set at least 2 points bigger than the font Size.
line spacing
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Leading
As a rule Leading is set at least 2 points bigger tha the font Size.
Fonts with large x-height (Sans Serif) need more leading than Small x-height (Serif).
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Alignment
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Justification
There are five ways for arranging lines of type on a page:
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The first is justified left, ragged right. Second is Justified right, ragged left. third is justified where all lines are the same length andalign both on left and right. fourth is centered where the lines have unequal lengths and ragged.
on both sides, fifth is random where the arrangement has no predictable pattern and the placment is according to the deisgner.
Typeface combinations that are too similar can look like a mistake as if you’d been experimenting with different fonts and had forgotten to fix them. For example, combining two neutral sansserif fonts like Helvetica and Univers creates discord; readers will sense something awry even if they can’t name it
Mixing Typefaces 20
• When choosing two typefaces , make sure that they are really different : for example combine sans serif : Helvetica and a serif Garmond or a Slab Serif: Rockwell and a Sans Serif : Universe. • As a general rule, mixing typefaces from the same family is a good start in any deisgn! • Dont use more than 3 type faces.
Helvetica
Garmond
Rockwell 21
The Typographic Grid
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Grids play a useful role in almost every area of graphic design. And in layout, a grid is an essential organizational tool. The grid provides a framework and structure for the combination of type and images.
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