Modern Art Centre: Vilnius by Donatas Baltrušaitis

MAC

Modern Art Centre: Vilnius

MAC â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;The most powerful architecture happens, when it encompasses memory and meaning.â&#x20AC;&#x2122; Pezo von Ellrichschausen

Šnipiškės

Old Town Newtown

Naujininkai

CONTENT 1. Cultural context 2. Urban context 3. Concept 4. Architecture 5. Curatorial strategy 6. Technical index

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MAC CULTURAL CONTEXT

History of former Cinema of 'Lithuania' A former Cinema of 'Lithuania' is a building of soviet modernism style and era. The building itself has caused many conflicts over different parties within civic society of Lithuania. Conflicts unsolved have caused the cinema of 'Lithuania' to be abandoned and rotting until now.

Cinema of ‘Lithuania’ represented lithuanian actors and directors

Cinema ‘Planeta’, project twin of Cinema ‘Lithuania’

Cinema of ‘Lithuania’ was always financially stable

In 1991 after Lithuania’s recognition of independance, status of cinema of ‘Lithuania’ was reorganized to company ‘Cinema of Lithuania’

Soviet modernism heritage of 70’s - former Cinema of ‘Lithuania’

1965

1991

1997

BUILT REORGANIZE

Company ‘Rojus apartaments’ promising to retain the former function of cinema in their new project, 2007

The countries biggest cinema ‘Lithuania’ was the attractor of public and cultural domain in Vilnius. It was iconic and cultural symbol. Big public space in front of Cinema of ‘Lithuania’, 2002 8

Critique to the private business developments, 2008

Critique by graphitti artists to the uncertain situation of cinema, 2008

Public protests aimed to protect public space, 2007

Musical event ‘XYZ’, which tried to revive the building at least for couple of days, 2010

Protest critisizing capital-oriented business structures, 2005

„For Lithuania without double-meaning” activist protest-discussion about public cultural spaces, 2005

Protest against the project of apartments proposed instead of former building, 2008 Art academy student projects to revive former cinemas in Vilnius, 2011

„Cinema of Lithuania“ was sold to private company of „Vilniaus prekyba“ for 3 million LTU

2002

2005

Company of 'Litectus' has bought the building for 9 million LTU, 2010

“M2 Invest” accuses activists protecting Cinema of ‘Lithuania’ for financial losses

2009

2014

ED PRIVATIZED ‘Cinema of Lithuania’ sold to private company ‘Rojus apartments’ for 3 million LTU

Graphitti wars on the facade of the building, 2013

Planning document of 2005, which allowed to demolish the former building and let to built aparments instead. In 2009 rejected by court.

Interior of Cinema of ‘Lithuania’ is completely empty, 2010

Abandoned, vandalised and rotting, 2009

Poster of protest-discussion, 2005

Conflict of private and public parties in the mainstream media, 2006

Soviet Modernism Soviet modernism buildings are not treated equally as it also depends on it's function, cultural importance and architectural value. Some people associate them with Soviet Occupation, totalitarian regime or propaganda, others associate them with philosophical movement in art, modern industrial society and functionalism. Main question, which remains until today for society is: 'what to save, which functions and how much would it cost?'.

Former Cinema of 'Lithuania'

www.miestai.net

Former 'Sports palace'

Former cinema 'Moscow'

Contemporary Art Centre

National art gallery

Tradeunion palace

Parliament of Lithuania

Wedding palace

S. NÄ&#x2014;ris gymnasium

Cultural spaces Preservation of Soviet Modernism has to be associated with public needs to save certain city functions. And that doesn't mean that buildings of Soviet Modernism have to be preserved like items. To preserve only the physical form is a very formal approach, important history to society can be saved also with contextual details and contextual design.

Former Cinema of 'Lithuania'

Former Cinema 'Moscow'

Former Cinema 'Homeland'

Former Cinema 'Vilnius'

Demolished, abandoned and former cinemas, cultural objects Existing cinemas, theaters, cultural objects

Cultural context Public space in front of former Cinema of 'Lithuania' always had cultural and representational identity. All the protests and initiatives organized by public society were directly oriented to the loss of public space and to criticizm of businessoriented developers. Cultural representation and identity of the square can not be forgotten.

Student킬 klubo 'ASK' organizuotas protestas, 2007

Public space for people Public space - place for open discussions, where public domain is seeking for answers, truth and agreement between interested parties. Public space is a space of freedom and public creativity.

Musical event â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;XYZâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; attempt to revive the building temporaraly, 2010

MAC URBAN CONTEXT

Typology study 2a

2a 6a

5a 3a

4a 5a

2a 2a

2a 5a

1a 1a

1a 2a

2a 2a 3a 2a 4a

4a 3a

2a 2a 20

3a 2a

2a 5a 6a 5a 3a

5a 5a 4a 3a

5a 1a

2a 2a

3a 2a

2a 1a 2a

3a 21

Urban tissue of Vilnius Old Town Vilnius Old Town urban tissue is typical of it's closed perimetric plan structure, which formed by itself. The composition is arranged by connecting backsides of the building to form an urban quarter with inside courtyard. Unique and spontaneous Vilnius Old Town urban structure makes it dynamic and vibrant. Old Town is unique with it's long inner courtyards, which formed themselves, because of land ownerships.

17m

15m

17m

Old Town roof typology Buildings in Vilnius Old Town have distinct form and arrangement of the roof. The ridge line of the roof follows geometrical form through different buildings creating dynamic and original roof planes. Roofs also connect different building heights, thus creating stylistical unity of the Old Town. Because of natural processes roofline adjusts itself in accordance with the buildings. That makes Vilnius Old Town organic. To save Old Town roof structure and stylistics is to save and respect Old Town's cultural heritage.

Regular perimetric built density Regular perimetric built density is closed plan structure, when density is formed connecting buildings with their backsides along the streets and site boundaries.

Neglecting urban context (soviet modernism)

Recreating Old Townâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s urban structure

Creating regular perimetric built density

MAC CONCEPT

Concept

Urban context

Neglecting urban context (soviet modernism)

Recreating Old Townâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s urban structure

Cultural context

Creating regular perimetric built density

3 'Time zones': Old, Modern, New

Old The project opens historically valuable 'Vingri킬' water springs for society in the proposed park design

Modern Style of Soviet Modernism and it's functionality is respected thus adding a new function of Modern Art Centre

New Contemporary approach to the urban context while respecting and evaluating existing conditions

NEW MODERN

PUBLIC

OLD

Concept collage

MAC ARCHITECTURE

Exterior view

Situation

Surrounding characteristics of the site: plane street facades, pastelic colors, main material for facade - stucco; eclectic and historical architectural style predominates. In the western side of the site: historically valuable underground water springs, which in XVI cent. supported all Vilnius with water for it's whole waterway infrastructure.

Program

Cafe 200 m2

II. CAFE ROOMS

Reception 300 m2

III. RECEPTION ROOM GROUP

Universal hall 250 m2

IV. UNIVERSAL HALL

Exhibition hall 1000 m2

V. EXHIBITION HALL

GFA 500 m2

GFA 1250 m2

Storage 350 m2

Pick-up/Delivery terminal 100 m2 Photo-studio 50 m2 Warehouse 150 m2

VI. ARCHIVE AND TECHNICAL ROOMS GFA 700 m2

Workshop room 50 m2 Technical rooms 200 m2

TOTAL AREA GFA 2850 m2

Administration

VII. ADMINISTRATION/ARCHIVE GFA 200 m2

Archive library

WORK EXHIBITION OPEN

Cafe 200 m2

Entrance room group 300 m2

Universal hall 250 m2

Exhibition hall 1000 m2

Storage 350 m2

Archive library Pick-up/Delivery terminal 100 m2 Photo studio 50 m2 Warehouse 150 m2 Workshop room 50 m2 Technical rooms 200 m2 Administration

PUBLIC

OPEN

EXHIBITION

WORK

Architectural concept

PUBLIC

OUTDOOR CAFE

OUTSIDE EXHIBITION

CAR ENTRANCE

PARK

Situation masterplan

5 8

7 4

1 2

N Explication: 1. MAC Entrance 2. Public space 3. Outdoor cafe 4. Outfoor Exhibition 5. Car entrance 6. ‘Vingrių’ park 7. Cinema Courtyard 8. Pedestrian street

Circulation

Pedestrian street

Pedestrian movement

MAC entrances Office entrances

Pick-up Delivery

Functional axo

Pedestrian passage

Offices 1-2 floors

Offices 2-3 floors

Inner courtyard

MAC

Exterior

Ground floor plan

Underground parking plan

1st floor plan

2nd floor plan

5' 1

12'

G 3.1 183 m²

E 3.2 312 m² FOJE 30 m²

3.3 565 m²

3.5 290 m²

FOJE 32 m²

3.4 210 m²

3rd floor plan

5' 1

12'

4.1 565 m²

4.2 278 m²

Functional distribution

Entrance

Universal hall

Administration

Car parking

Offices

Cafe

Exhibition hall

Open storage

Technical rooms

Staircase cores

Facades: Traditional + Modern

L NA IO

DIT

MODERN

TRADITIONAL 5

TR A

4 2

Evacuation scheme

1.5

-1

Suggested construction

II. KAVINĖS PATALPOS GFA 500 m2

Roof structure

III. ĮĖJIMO PATALPŲ GRUPĖ GFA 500 m2

IV. UNIVERSALIOS PASKIRTIES SALĖ GFA 500 m2

Space truss

V. EKSPOZICIJŲ SALĖ

Space frame

GFA 1250 m2

Beam structure

VI. SAUGYKLŲ IR TECHNINIŲ PATALPŲ GRUPĖ GFA 700 m2

200 m2

VII. ADMINISTRACIJA / ARCHYVAS GFA 200 m2

Foundation

Pedestrian street Old passage is being redesigned and converted to a human-scale passage towards a restaurant and 'Vingri킬' street.

Pedestrian street

Pedestrian movement

Courtyard Cinema Open-air cinema courtyard would serve public domain with a variety of functions: Public gatherings, MAC outdoor exhibitions and simply open space for public. It also symbolises the memory of a former Cinema of 'Lithuania'. Courtyard Cinema

Park

Outdoor exhibitions

Public events

Inner Courtyard

‘Vingrių’ park

Exterior

MAC CURATORIAL STRATEGY

"Recent Pre-occupations: Architecture and Exhibition Making" 2013 Moderna Museet

An increased demand for the accomodation of art creates a bigger demand for exhibition and storage spaces.

Often in museums more than 90% of artwork are held in storages. This means that if to exhibit all the collection it would take 2.5 year with exhibitions, which last 3 months.

Metropolitan Museum of Art

One of the first art museums which started to solve the rising demand for space was Metropolitan Museum of Art in 1988. It introduced an open storage concept, which was open for the public.

Brooklyn Museum

The same open storage concept was introduced in Brooklyn Museum of Art. When the same exhibition space usually accomodates around 350 of the artwork, the open storage accomodated aroung 2000 of the artwork.

MAC has a collection of 3000 artwork. 1000 m2 is required for the exhibition hall. Exhibition hall is planned to be extended.

To accomodate the current collection, MAC would need 12 m in order to accomodate 3 artwork units.

The current trends of contemporary exhibitions suggests to use open-storage concept for Modern Art Centre of Vilnius. The proposed flexible storage design allows the mentioned concept to be realised. The visitors could see the ongoing exhibitions while also experience storaged artwork and even propose, which artwork could be exhibited next.

Exhibition hall

300m2

MAC organization

ors without tickets ors with tickets porting personnel tional connections

300m2

1000 m2

1000 m2 300m2

1000 m2

Main exhibition hall

Open storage

Library-Archive

Supporting functions

Universal hall

Cafe

Visitors without tickets Visitors with tickets Supporting personnel Additional connections

Scenario for visitors

1 - Exhibition 1000 sq. m space for the main exhibition 2 - Library, archive A place, where visitors could ďŹ nd information about MAC collection, also to get to know where they are exhibited 3 - Open storage Storage open for visitors, where everyone could ďŹ nd artwork for their personal interest.

tyti.

nas o

Exhibition hall

Library - Archive

Open storage for visitors

MAC flexibility of spaces

300 m Main exhibition hall is situated in the middle for the maximum reachability of spaces 2

1000 m2

Moving partition wall between main exhibition hall and open storage lets to adjust itself for future needs

All exhibition spaces can be connected to one seamless space to accommodate grand events

Supporting spaces have a direct connection with exhibition spaces and the storage for maximum efficiency

MAC TECHNINICAL INDEX

Technical index

Site area: 4052 m2 Built area: Built density: FAR:

3115 m2 77% 1.91

Volume: 36398 m3 GFA: 7745 m2 Underground parking: 3406 m2 MAC: 2682 m2 Offices: 4910 m2 Floor area: Underground parking: Ground floor (MMC): 1 floor: 2 floor: 3 floor:

3406 m2 2835 m2 2055 m2 1856 m2 999 m2

Effective area: Ground floor (MMC): 1 floor: 2 floor: 3 floor:

3406 m2 1891 m2 1712 m2 895 m2

Office 1-2 floors

Office 2-3 floors

MAC