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SJ~J ' PAPER •s

IN THIS ISSUE

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" I8 Jlt)II(l

6 From the Editor

74 AppleNews: G4 towers geta speed boost

74 The penguin on your desktop

10 Letters

74 AMIYs Athlon XP gets faster 85 'Trustworthycomputing' greeted with skepticism

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12 What's New 32 Annual Net traffic growth stiU tripling 36 Overall Web site defacements rose in 2001, reports Mi2g

88 WikiWikiWebs

70 PCsecurity holes doubled in 2001, claims CERT

88 Weavingyourown Web site:IE extensionsto CSS,Pa* 3

71 Canadianonline shopping in Decemberexceeded esti mates

89 Building anarcade cabinet: Part 3

72 Some willing to live without the Interne, study finds 87 Book review: Too much attitude too late in dated how-to

ComingUp

96 Volunt eerstake IT overseas 16 A room of one's own Basicprinciplesfor workingat home

April 2002 Corersronnmshal video lab Test Dsoad bandsbarlne Ad Deadline .... . . . . .Tues., feb. 26 Dlstrlbnuon .... . . . . . .Pm, Nar. 15

96 Java Tutorials: Threads in Java Part 1 97 Newbies overseas

24 PC MacLAN:Mac-Windows detente

100 Welcometo wireless U 102 Bookreview:Guide a roadmap forneophyte managers

27 Wantyour Mac to talk PC?CallDave

28 Servi ng yourhome off ice needs Cffent-servercomputing: hy this at home

May 2002 CasersusanDonewbeless SabTant Seunilf Rd Deadline... . . . . . . .Tea, uar. 26 Dislrlbnuon .... . . . . . . frlw Afr. 12

41 Value-addedvolts Cleanup thePower with o UPS... your PC will thank you

June 2002

41 Pentium 4 notebooks hit the ground running

CuwrarenaWnrbheuwWeb labTest uoleboolu Ad amino.. . . . . . . . .Tnt, apr. 10

Disurbnuoo ..... . . . . .frl., uaf 17

41 Half -pointtweak forpcAnywhere 49 UPS speci ffcationsand testresults s

sr 58 Home offf ce outgrown Taking thenwrt sumsin expanding your smaU business 58 File senrer in a box 63 Ragingagainstthe machine 66 Office Suite Tmining: Extracting meaning from numbers 68 Quick Tips: Automating Wonl

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• MARCH 2002 ME COMPUIERPAPER Glfxlfa TORONTOEomou wwwcanadacosnpsnescsnn

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Tlml's whywe,at Vfmvgonlc, me commttbd tobringingthe best invisual displ aytechnologytoyourdesktop.

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wwwtsstuggnpvtgktcm THE COMPM TERPAPER ORE/ uERTORONTO EcmON MARCH 2002 $

The biggest iron T

can barel y bear to turn on my original Bondi blue iMac these

pany, describing among other things his big iron: three IBM serverclusters,with 100 Linux servers on eac)L This was my niece'shusband, but it was me crying uncle in that exchange.

%days. I swearit's becomeasnivelling little wretch. It is, of course, the new G4 iMacs that are to blame for the Bondi's sudden inadequacies. I suppose I could dispense with these little systems altogether and go for more serious imn. That would be Apple's new dual-CPU (two I GHz processors) G4 desktop towers. We haven't seen a live one yet in TCP Lab, but Apple claims it is 72 percent faster in some Photoshop operations than a 2 GHz Pentium 4 system. And speaking of Pentiums, my notebook also took a body blow when we received not one, but two Pentium 4 notebooks for testing. Because Intel has yet to release a mobile Pentium 4 procesmr, these step up to the next generation by incorporating a desktop CPU. Some manufacturers havebeen sticking desktop CPUs into notebooks for years. It's an interim way to get the latest pmcessors into a portable, since Intel's mobile

Sadly ,thesearejusttwo ina paradeof technologiesgonestale, and over the yearswe've received a sporadic streamof inquiries fromreaders asking whereto find an updatedMicroChannel this or magnet o-opticalthat. Stolochgngtechnology That's the giddy fun side of technology's advance. But there's another side. Recently, I was contacted by a couple of readers who had similar problems: where to find support for devices that have fallen by the wayside. In one case. a man called wondering where he might buy blank media for his Ditto Max tape drive. In the second case, someone einailed me because his LS-120 SuperDrive needed repair.

processorrolloutstypically lag behind its desktop generations by several months. The challenges have always revolved around managing a CPU that runs hotter and uses more power. The solutions have usually meant that

Both were promising backup technologies in their day, but through a combination of bad marketing, competitive forces, and the march of technology innovation, they have more or lessbeen orphanecL

the portable is heavier and bulkier, to accommodate extra heatsinksand fans,and thebattery life is laughable.

802.11b. Manufacturers are ramping up production of 802.11aproducts that are faster but not compatible with the "b" specification. But that's just this year, in the wings is an alphabet soup of other specifications, some impmving and providing backward compatibility with "b" and some with "a." Wireless Ethernet, through an 802.11 specification, will likely persist through the decade; the letter variations, however, will be the minefield to negotiate. As an interesting contrast, I also received news &om Olympus the other day that it was discontinuing its OM series of 35 mm cameras. The first OM model was introduced in 1972, and the news releasestated that the current model would remain on sale until March 2003. Consider that this single camera line has been on the market 10 years longer than the IBM PC industry has been in existence, more than 15 years longer than the Apple Macintosh brand. or 20 years longer than the first commercially successful version of Microsofi Windows.

As astill photographymedium. 35 mm film itself has been around for three-quarters of a century. You get an idea of how young and immature the personal cornputer businessand the digital technology realm still are.

gone stale, and over the years we' ve received a sporadic stream of inquiries fmm readers asking where to find an uPdated MicroChannel this or magneto-optical ~ • NNIR? Iaf. Iix Aw AANR,IeNRosaavrv that. It's not likely to end oaaaFaauosKNI AINN IINwusa. rlv any time soon, either, and I causavzI Itsw Isius Nxf ANRssNT uxi anticipate in future getting oaiiinaas NANIA. contacted by readers looking for support on products that are just emerging today.

processor,Under idle (no workload), theywerestill going after two hours on battery power. Pretty impressive, I have a relative who is the IT director for a proteomics company, and we ofien brag to each other about the latest technologieswe've laid our hands on. At dinner the other evening, I was about to casuagy mention the Pentium 4 notebooks, when he dmpped a magazine dipping into my lap. It was a profile of his com-

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Another technology ripe for rapid obsolescence is

Enjoy the issue

Sadly, theseare just two in a parade of technologies

Not so with these new systems. We found that even after they'd been running for an hour, they were no warmer than a notebook that used a mobile Pentium I I I

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One sure bet is that at least one of the three recordf able DVD specifications will become an also rett,

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DOS tales!

longer free, the FreeDOSproject people

You don't devote

am stiU working on improving their 05 under an open-source GUI licence.

nearly enough of your pages to DOS. Yes, DOS. Ifyouthink DOS is

dead, think again. There are companies outthere thatfavour "thin so-caUed

dient" hanlwareand use DOSeither standatone or embedded within Unux and Unix networks. Caldera Systems, the creators of OpenDOS,used to give their 05 away for fiee, but now their spinoff retail company sell sit in 10-packs forU5$250.One heck of

a pricelag for an"obsolete" 05. There are also many 005 enthusiasts out there (myself being one, albeit of

recent vintage). Comm ercial products for

So whatare the advantagesofDOS? The most important is the absence of redun-

dancy.Windows of am versions tends to make a million uselesssystemcalls that are dearly intended only to use up resourcesanddrive the upgrade industry. DOS is built on the opposite principleâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;it doesthe minimum necessary.My Arachne browser is faster on a 486 with a 14.4Kbps modem than my Netscape 4.78 is on a Pentium 200 MHz with a 56Kbpsmodem. It's interesting that Arachne hails from the Czech Republic.From reading the documentati on, I get the impression that Czechs run 005 on theirPentiums and reluctantly jump up to Ufindowsonly when

absol utely necessary.They seem to know

us are rare, but there's plenty of freeware

somethingyou don't. Miki Kocic

and shareware. These include a Web browser(Arachne) and CDburner softwam

Uy that-only fa Canada

(from Goldenfiawk). Also, since DOS is

There is an error that will primarily affect

aanspar ent and highly handson, there

Canadian users of Windows XP.When you

are a WiUion little utilimes available that enable users to do things that Windows normally conceals under copyright.

make the fognwing selections under Help and Support)Use Toots to view your computer information and diagnose problems using MyComputer Information then View general information about thiscomputer,

AlthoughMS-005 is almost impossible to obtain nowadays, and OpenDOS is no

you will receive a "tag country28" error after about two thirds of the information

Came: Thisproblemian occurif thelanguagefor non-

is loaded.

Unicodeprogramsissel to English(Canada). The

Ispent two months trying to solve this problem. You can be sure that if it afiected Americans, there would have been instant action to document this problem. However, I have it from a reliable source that Microsoft won't do anything until there's a documented number of inridents,and there just ain't enough of us Canadiansto make a ripple in the pond. The problem can be fi xed by going to thisWeb site:youps.goo(te.com/youps?i)=en &grretdm=ufiov)klrBHA2522rrb hotkmsltngp02. Jeff Horne

errororiy'natesfroma )avascnptfilethat isgeneratedduringthe setupprocess, andisusedio mntrol someofthe HelpandSupport funcfionality. It doesnot affectthenormal tuncfionality ofthe languagefornon-Unicodeprograms process.

messagemayoccwduringthe informationcoilec-

Workarounds: OpenControl Panel Date,Time,languageand Regi onalDpkonsRey'onaland LanguageOpiions. Swit chiogreArhnnced labandchanff eLanfi uaff e for non-Unicodeprogramsto Enfflrsh(anted States).Youmaynowcollmr your systeminformationwilhoui error. OR: Backupthe folkxvingme, andopen theoriginal in a teh editor. rxrsy stemrootxAPCHEALTH(HELPCTR(Sys(emLsysinfoLcommonFuncjs Loohethefollowingline in thefile: arse 7: sir =TAGCOUNTRY28; break; Noteihti in ail theother linesin thissecfion, ihe case numbermatchesthe TAGCOUNTRY number.Change fAG CDUNTRY28'io TAGCOUNTRY2 .Savethefile Youmaynowcogeclyour systeminformation wiihoulerror,regardlessof theLanguage for non-

konprocess.Theprocesswill nol finish.

Unicodeproyamsselting. Ct

TCPrepfiesr Thanksfor the tip, Jeff. Fogowing isthe messageposted ot the Weh

site notedohover Symptoms: Thiserror will primarilyaffersCanadianusersoi WindowsXP. Whenyoumakethe following elecfionsunder HEL PanoSuaroar(UEETours io viewyour mmpurer

informafionaoddiaffnmeproblemsMyCo m puter InformakonViewgtneral informationaboui this computera 'TAG COUNTRY28 isundefined' error

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)tyberrmut showcaseswearabte Poma tkL' Wearable PCmaker, Xybemaut Corp. (wwwxfbemautcom/poma), has unveiled its first offering for the consumermarket.The device includes a computer and a

lightweight head-mounted display. The company will market and seU it in North America under the brand name poma forata suggested retailprice ofUS$1,499. The puma is powered by Hitachi's SuperH 32-bit 128

MHz RISCprocessor with companion coprocessor, and has 32 MB ofRAM and 32 MB of ROM. It runs Windows CE,and

incorporates a Compact Rash slot, USBport, custom opticalmouse,and removable rechargeable battery.It weighs 309 g (10.9 oz.). Weamrshave instant on/offInternetaccessand a head mounted display that provides a private viewing experience equivalent in quality to a desktop inonitor, according to Xybemaut.

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Wireless Palmty00 debuts Pabn (wwwpaimcom) has launched a new handheld that adds "always on wireless messaging and email, and Web browsing to Palm's existing lineup of personal information management utilities. The silver i705 notifies users of new messages via LED, sound, or vibration. In addition to the stylus input, there is an optional Palm Mini Keyboard that slips over the bottom of the i705forthumb typing.

The new handheld runsPalm05 4.1,has 8 MB RAM. 4 MB Flash

ROM, a 3 3 NH z Motorola Dragonball VZ processor, rechargeable lithium polymer battery, an expansion slot that accepts Secure

qb 0

Digital and MultiMediaCard removable media, and comeswith a USBcradle for syncing with a desktop PC. The Palm i705 has an estimated street price of

U5$449. Purchasers will also need to subscribe to a wireless service to use that functionality (Palm has yet to announce wireless carriers and coverage areas in Canada, however). The Palm Mini Keyboard has an estimated retail priceof US$59.95. —TCPStaf

let the SuuPower your PDA Montr eal-based ICP GlobalTechnologies has developed portable solar charger, the isun (wwwisunpowercom), for cell

Toshiba mhus thiy l0 GB, 20GBdrives

phones and other smaa electronic devices, such as PDAs and NP3

Toshiba storageDevice Division (5DD, at wwwharddrbestosliba.com) has introduced its newest family of 1.8-inch embedded hard drives, which are available in 10 Ga and 20 GBcapadties. The tiny storage units measure 5.4x7.85 cm and weigh 51 g and 62 g, mspectively —smaller than a credit card and lighter than a traditional pager.

players. The charger comes with seven adapter plugs to fit a variety of

devices, and users can choosebetween 6-volt or 12-volt power. Acconang to infor-

The drives offer data tmnsfer rates of 100 Maps. They are built

on Toshiba's 2.5-inch hard drive technology platform, and the company expects they will be integrated into notebook Ks, handhelds, wearable computers, digital video cameras, audio/video players. and used in automotive applications. The drives offer an areal density of 35.26 Gb per square inch —the industry's highest, according to Toshiba— and are designed to withstand an operating shock ofup to 200 g and a non-operating shock of 1000 g. Both models are expected to be available in early March. — TCPStoff

mationon the product's Web site,the isun can run devices that mquire less than 2 W power. Charger can be daisy-chained together to multiply the power output.A listofcompatible electronic devices is available on the Web site. The isun comes in two

models: the basic isun, which is aimed at business users and hasa matte silver case; and the

isun

Sp ort,

QuarhXPress5.0 released Quad Inc. (wwwquarkmm) has released QuarkXPress 5.0, the popular page layout application. The upgrade

indudesa new Layers feature,which lets usersisolate items within a document and switch between diff erent versions. In addition, Quark has added the ability to create graphically rich tables within a document. QuarkXPress5.0 has also been tweaked for designers who create content for multiple media, allowing them

'„ I

f $119

TCpStuf

to import and export dozens of file formats, including HTML, PDF, and XNL

QuarkXPress 5.0 also has new licence management options for multiple-seat installations. Quark License Administrator is a server-basedsystem for creating customized user pools and assigning accessprivileges to each group. Itcan be configured to allow remote users to check out software foruse offthe network

and to acquire additional licences as needed. QuarkXPr ess 5 0 is available forboth Mac OS (05 X in Oassic Node only)and Windows,fora suggested price ofUS$995 (US$299to upgrade from version 4u,and US$399 fmm 3.x).

—TCPStaf

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Foldingkeyboardfor Smartphone KyoceraWirelessCorp. (www TocenPrdreless.com) hasintroduced a full-size, portable folding keyboardfor the Kyocem QCP 6035 Smartphone.

Developed with Think Outside Inc. (wwwthinkotwdde. corn), it has the

size ,feel,and response of a notebook computer key-

board,butcan be molded to fi t in a briefcase oreven a pocket. The QCP 6035 is a Palm 05-based device,so requires useof a stylusto inputtext,which can betedious when composinglonger messages or text files.The keyboard

solves this, and can be usedwhile makingvoice calls. As well, users can customize it by programming command keys.Itdraws its power from the phone.

It measures 9.1xtmx2 cm (3.6x5.1x0.8 in.) dosed. 35.1x13x1.1 cm (13.8x5.1x0.44 in.) open, and weighs about 224 g (7.9 oz). A phone stand with an integrated inter face cable connects the QCP 6035 to the keyboard

Cnngerputspictures, data in your pocket

SangiskCorporation (wwwsendiskcom) hasintroduced Cruzer, a pocket-size storagedevice with removable and upgradeable flashmemory cards (Secure Digital and MultiMediaCard formats).The device,which measures about 7.6x4.4x2 cm (3x1.75x.75 in.), can be used to store andtransfer digital imagesand audio files,and data fi les.

It connects to a computer via USB and features Mass

Stomge Class (NSC) compliance for true plug-and-play opera tion.NSC is supported natively in mndows 2000,Ne,and XP,as wellas Apple 05 9.x and 05 X— which meansusers do notneed to installa dri verto use the device.Itis also compatible USB-enabled computers runningWindows 98 and Mac 05 8.6. It also features soltware passwords to protectfiles. The Cruzer will initially be available in four capacities—32, 64, 128 and 256 MB. Users wiU be able to upgrade

to highercapacity as they become available,according to SanDisk. The Cruzeris expected to ship this spring, andwill range in price fromU5$59.95 to US$199.95 depending on capaci ty.The 128 MB device expected to sellforUS$99.95.

— TCPSeog

and weighsapproximately 91 g (3.2 oz). The Kyocera Smartphone Portable Keyboard has an estimated price of U5$99, and can be

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HOME w

A room of one's own Working at home in the Internet age can be the best job you ever had,

if you follow some basic business and technology principles

Whodoesit According to Statistics Canada, there is at least one personal computer with Internet accessm ' more than seven nul lion of Canada's 12 million households, making the country perhaps the world' s most wired society. For most Canadians, usinga home computer forsome sortof work whether school work, a homebased business. or work brought home from the office, is already a part of the daily routine. Many employers have embraced telework, where their employees spend at least part of their time working at home or at some other location away fiom the office. Research by Prodata Partners Ltd. in the summer of 2001 indicated that there were one million home-based businesses in Canada. According to U.S. Commerce Dept. and StatsCan 2001 statistics, about 1 0 m i llion N orth Americans work out of their homes.

For the homeworker, the Internet can be the great equalizer. It pmvides a vast communications network, a storehouse of information, and possibilities for commerce. If you are new to the concept of working at home. you' ll be heartened to know that it is possible to equip an amazingly powerful, flexible and dependable home

xoa~ ~~a.c

pent

n 1929, Virginia Woolf wrote "a woman must have money and a room of her own if she is going to write." This sentiment —that in order to work effectively you need the resources to create and time and a space to concentrate on your personal goals —still applies to both genders. Do you already use computer technology and the Internet to work at home, on your own home-baaed business, or telework foran employer,orforeducation, or personal creative expression? If so, you' ll know that it takes thought, effort, and experimentation to craft that "room of one's own" and to train yourself (and your housemates) to let you be as productive as possible.

ment fiies, while inconvenient, isn't a calamity. If that computer contains 6les vital to your livelihood, its loss isconsiderably more serious.

raz.~'x P

• oa • aa • va 0as

Officehtrnitnre

5MCW

As soon as possible, invest in a good quality computer desk with adjustable

I TP"

keyboard tray,ergonomic chair, lockable storage and file cabinets, and adjustable light 6xtures.

Elderg

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computingwork space for $3,~ r even less. Here's how.

Set yourgoals First, de6ne what work you need to do at home. Realize that to run a full-Hedged home business, you' re essentially building a smaller version of a corporate IT department as weg as a business office. You' ll need to find, learn to use, then support afi the technology tools necessary for your business—or 6nd a source for reliable and inexpensive technical support. This is on top of establishing the best business practices to run your operation. The processmay take time. Don't assume that you will have your solution instantly. Also, if your budget is limited, you may have to build your home work space piece by piece, as money permits.

A digital home office"kit" will probably includethe following:

Aworkroom You'6 need adequate space (11 sq. mahout 100 sq. ft — or more, per person), light, ventilation, power. and wiring in

16 MARCH20P2 THE COMPUTERRAPER GRE ATERTORONTOEOIIION vtww.ca ~ m

place for voice, phone, and Internet access. Ideally, a dedicated mom will be avail able,perhaps a spare bedroom, or a re6nished attic, garage or basement. Note that in some municipalities, home work places are theoretically prohibited under local bylaws. In practice, they are usually tolerated, provided they don't constitute a nuisance to neighbours, or a safety hazard. In the imperfect real world, you start your home office with a kitchen table and a computer shared by the whole family.The eventualgoal,however,should be adedicated work computer in a dedicated work space, for maximum productivity and security.

Computers According to Mike Oreskovic. segment manager for Hewlett-Packard Canada's micro business division, most homebased business operators want a computer for very basic functions: communications (such asemail), Web browsing, word processing, billing, financial management, creating brochures, and possibly a custom application related to the particular business, such as a real estate or medical olfice. For these purposes, even a sub-$1,000 "entry-level" system (with a I GHz Intel Celeron processor or equivalent, 128 MB RAM, 20 GB hard drive, 16 MB graphics card. CD-RW drive. IO/100 Ethernet card, 56Kbps modem, 15-inch monitor, and inkjet printer), will be "good enough." If the home business needs greater computing horsepower— for professional graphic design or video production, for example —a more powerful computer may be needed.

Ergonomicaids For maximum comfort, and to avoid work-related disability, consider an ergonomic keyboard, scrolling wheel

mouse, and a large (17-inch or more) good quality monitor.

A lockabledoor, a power bar with surge suppressor or an uninterruptible power

supply (UPS), lockable filesand storage, inswance. burglar alarm, and privacy &om view by people passing by the house. or coming to the front door are afi good ideas. The loss or destruction of a computer that contains gamesand other entertain-

Businesssoftteare An suite of office software —such as Microsoft Office, Lotus Smart Suite, WordPerfect Olfice, StarOIBce, or even Microsoft Works —includes modules for

word processing,spreadsheets,and presentations.

You may also need specialized busiContinued on page?8

•

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When you get Office XP Small Business, your business is gettingthe benefit of Microsoft's latest and greatest productivity suite, including: Microsoft Word 2002. Microsoft Excel 2002, Microsoft Outlook 2002 and Microsoft Publisher 2002, Together, Office XP SB offers a

long list of powerful new features, including the ability to: • Insert commonly used data with a single click.Smart tags reveal convenient features and shortcuts. A user can re-format data, insert an address from the contact list and send email faster and easier than ever before. • Protect your work.Document Recovery can save and restore your files automatically the second an application stops responding. • Schedule meetings via email. Outlook makes it easy to review your group's schedule and allow others to propose

alternate meeting times. • Consolidate document retdslons In seconds.Document collaboration tools make it easier than ever to consolidate multiple

revisions from multiple group members throughout your business. • Work seamlessly with ONce 97 and ONce 2000 documents.Office XP features file format backward<ompatibility,

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Sej n/or(on A n ( i V i r u s 20 0 2 F k E E . Have Office XP SB preunstalled on your next PC and you' ll get Norton AntiVirus 2002 FREE.* As the world's most trusted antivirus solution, Norton AntiVirus is the perfect addition to Office XP SB, helping you protect your work, reduce downtime and increase your productivity. (An approx. 969.99 retail value!)

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Depending on your business, at a minimum you will need a printer to make hard copies of documents, presentations, brochures, and the like. Low-end inkjet printers, costing as little as SSO, and sometimes bundled with a new PC, are the most economical option for a home worker. If your business calls for you to print large volumes quickly, you should invest in a laser printer, which oilers lower cost per page for black and white output. If you need colour, inkjets are less expensive, with colour laser printers still hovering at S3,000.

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Multifunction devices, which combine Esx, photocopy. scanning and printing functions are worth considering if you need some of these features and don't have the space for or budget to purchase several standalone devices. Multifunction units are typically built around either a colour inkjcs printer or a laser printer. Inkjet-based models will allow you to print documents in colour or to make colour copies, but they are slow and the ÂŤonsumables (ink cartridges) more expensive, compared to devices built with laser printer technology. If your business involves receiving lots of sixes, consider a laser-based multifunction device or standalone fax Coutiutuul on page 22

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~ WOR K IN G A T H O M E ~

A room of one'sown Continued om a e 18 machine over an inkjet-based one.

Backup Ensure that you have the capability to make copies of all important computer files, and that you backup data regularly and store the backup copy in a safe place. A CD burner will allow you to copy approximatel y 700 MB of data on each disc. Most will record to both write-once (CD-R) an d r e writable ( C D-RW) media. The ffrst generations of recordable DVD drives are now available. These will record 4 GB ormore onto recordable DVD media. Presently there are two write-once (DVD-R and DVD+R) and three write-many (DVD-RAM, DVDRW, and DVD+RW) specifications, so deciding which to buy into will require some study. (See "The big shiny burn" in the February issue of TCP for a full discussion of the state of recordable DVD.)

Local and longdishtnm phoneservice If you do voice or fax business across the country, you can generally get an unlimited flat rate for long distance service. Many of these business plans also offer a toll-&ee number. Having a 1-800 or similar number mn make your small business look big, but remember that toll&ac means a free call for your clientyou still have to pay for its use.

Inlemet sendceIor Ihe homeoNce The Internet has greatly increased the usefulness of personal computers, olrering any small business vast power to c ommunicate, market, sell, and do research around the world. High bandwidth DSL or cable modem service is

extremely popular in Canadian homes, and high-speed Internet (500 Kbps to 2 Mbps) has many advantages for the home worker, including much faster Web searching,and speedier upload and download of files. Also, if you have a home network, you can share DSL or cable modem service across two or more PCs. Be aware, though, that if you begin to use a consumer Internet service for heavy duty, business tasks, you may run into problems. For example, il you decide to do large scale emailing kom a home Internet account, your service provider may notice the rise in traffic above your account's limit and press you to subscribe to a more expensive highspeed business service. As weg, both of the major high-speed service categories —Telus's Velocity and Bell Canada's Sympatico DSL services and cable modem servicesfrom Rogers, Shaw. and Cogeco —have offered some bumpy rides to subscribers in recent years, with slow installation, service outages, and strange and shifting corporate

policies (such as not supporting popular browser programs, or rejecting mass emaiTings of more than 30 messages at a time, or wiping out email archives). Rogers, for example. recently required all its subscribers to abandon their existing email boxes and mail archives, and move to a new email system. Sympatico has cut back its download speed in some areas kom 1 Mbps to about 280Kbps —a nearly three-quarters reduction. The spouse of one of our editors switched from Sympatico HSE to a highspeed business Internet service for her home offi ce,and found the connection speed. email capacity, and the overall service, inc)uding technical support, was

superior. However, the phone company would only instaff the high-speed business service on a business telephone line, which meant switching one of the two residential phone hnes to a business line. The cost for the business high-speed service and the business phone line, at approximately $120 per month, is more than double the residential equivalents (Sympatico HSE and a second residential

or for when you are travelling away &om thehome. Sympatico offersa freeroaming email service to its hi@-speed DSL customers, and it is always a good idea to maintain an email account that can be accessed easily from any Internet-connected device. Hotmail is probably the most popular email service, and virtually any library, school, or cyber cafe offers easy access to email in a pinch.

Be aware,though,thatif you begin to use a consumer Internet service for heavy duty business tasks, you may run into problems. For example, if you decide to do large scale emailing from a home Internet account, your service provider may notice the rise in traffic above your account's limit and press youto subscribeto a more expensive high-speed busi-

Dot<em presence

ness service. line). However, the improvement in service speed and service availability is well worth the extra cost for this person. Many home workers live or die on their Internet connection. You should always have a back up plan for when your home Internet service goes down,

Registering a domain name and hiring a service provider to host your own Web site is quite alrordable these days. One person we know is paying $29.95 a month fora "standard" hosting package, which includes 75 MB of Web storage space and 10 email accounts —and the offer included &ee domain registration for one year.Basic packages are often available for half that. This package also includes online Web tools that allow you to build a simple Web site. What are the beneffts of having your own domain? It allows you to have a simpler and more professional sounding Web site address: www.mybusiness.mm instead of something like www.serviceprovider.corn/users-rnyname/myweb. Ditto f o r yo u r em ai l a d dress: meComybusiness.corn. If you intend to use aWeb site as a central tool for your business, going beyond its function as an electronic brochure or resume ofyour services,you may quickly outgrow the space that's provided as part of an Internet service plan, or there may be functionality you want to buffd in that the service contract prevents. With your own domain, you can start modestly, but expand as yow budget and ambition dictate. L2

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PC MacLAN: Mac-Windows detente You' re not sure how it happened, but here you are, with a Mac and a PC under the same roof. And now you want to network them. By DavidTanaka ross-platform co mpatibi)ity between Windows PCs and Macs has improved over the years, with many major software vendors (Adobe, Corel, FileMaker, Macromedia, and Microsoft, for example) olFering comparable applications for both platforms. This allows a file created on a Windows m achineto be opened, edited. and saved on a Mac, and vice versa It's still not an entirely transparent process, however, with issues like filename structure, directory structure, native character set, and colour palette difierences often throwing small obstacles into the path of crussplatform computing.

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This is why it might make sense to have both a Mac and a Windows machine in your home office. If you work — or hope to work —in the graphic arts, for example. you' ll find that industry heavily favours the Mac. On the other

and the simplest way of handling a file if a given application doesn't exist on the other platform. Connecting Macs and PCs into a small network otrers a couple of conveniences. It simplifies file sharing (the venerable

hand, general business computing is

sneaker net method of file transFer is

more often done on Windows PCs. If yow work involves handling ffies sent to you from outside dients, opening Mac-generated files on a Mac and Windows-generated files in Windows often ensures the smoothest workfiow-

harder with newer Macs, since they don't come standard with a fioppy drive), and maximizes use of a single resource like a printer. But creating a peer-to-peer LAN with mixed systems is not as simple as just plugging the Mac and the PC into

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the same network hub. You'U need another piece of software that allows them to communicate with each other. Faced with this situation in our home oflice, we derided to put Miramar's PC MacLAN through its paces. PC MacLAN installs on Windows and allows thetwo platforms to interact in a peer-to-peer environment. (Separate 90/Me and NT/2000 versions are available; we tried the latter. Also according to the company, the latest version works with Windows XP and Apple OS X.)

Our existing home office network consists of three personal computers: the main desktop unit and a notebook (both running Windows 2000), and an older PC running Windows 98. The two desktop PCs are plugged into a hub, whichis connected to high-speed Internet service through an Internet sharing device. A wireless 802.11b access point is also plugged into one of the hub's ports, giving the notebook roaming network and Internet accent. Our cross-platform project began when we decided to replace the Windows 9fi PC with an iMac.

•

ln this particular situation —one Mac and more than one PC — we might have been better ofF with a product called Dave. PC MacLAN comes asa single user or a more expensive multi-user licence, which you would need for multiple PCs. While we have not tried Dave. it achieves a similar end, but installs on the Mac, not the PC. However. we were not that concerned about accessing the Mac from the notebook, so in effect, we were dealing with one PC and one Mac. The initial step was a simple physical task unplug afi the cables from the retiring PC system, move it out of the way, Continued on page26

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PC MatLAit: Mac-NadeuaddISBIS Continuedfrom page 24 slide the iMac into place, and plug aB the iMac cables bL Since the iMac has built-

in Ethernet, once it was plugged into the hub, we had Internet access. However, the Mac remained invisible to the PC

and likewise, the PC wasbidden kom it. Time for PC MacLAN.

allows your PC to access a Mac network, or in our case, the single iMac on the LAN. The Pile Server and Print Server portions create servers on the host PC, agowingthe Mac to accessshared directories or to use a shared printer. The software instaged easily, and the

Windows and Macintosh network set-

user manual offers step-by-step directions on how to set up and configure the

appears when you click the Entire

Documents called Transfer as the shared folder. Once this was done, we went to

Network icon. Burrowing down will eventuagyrevealthe iMac, and any Mac folder syou have setto be shared.

the Mac Chooser and clicked on the AppieTalk icon. Here the PC appeared, and when we selected it, we expectedto

PileServer: Once the software is instaged, the file services are loaded at

have access to the Transfer folder. Oops, not quite. You have to Erst register users

v arious c omponents. H owever, i t

PC MacLAN consists of three main components: Client, File Server and Print Server. The Client component

assumes that you know your way atound the network settings panels, so you

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< WOR K IN G A T H O M E w and passwords in the MacLAN File Server control panel —turning sharing on in Windows alone isn't enough. We simply used the same username and password for Windows login, and we were in business. Print aervlcem We have a PostScript inkjet printer connected to the PC's parallel port, and we expected that setting it up would be relatively straightforward, since it came with both Windows and Mac drivers. And that was the case. Using the MacLAN Print Server control panel on the PC, we set up the inkjet as a shared printer. Again simply sharing the printer under Windows isn't sufficient; the share has to be established in the MacLAN Print Server control panel. This was simple enough, and once done, we could access the printer I'rom the Mac's Chooser.

Olheroplons PC MacLAN includes a few utilities that make it easier to work with files on both

systems. A file-extension mapping utility sets the proper icon to a PC file so it can be viewed and launched on the Mac. Going in the other direction, a utility called PC Migrator attaches the correct PC file etuensions to a Mac file. Another utility called MacOpener from developer DataViz allows the PC to read Mac-formatted diskettes, CDs, etc.

•

ln use We found PC MacLAN installed without a hitch. Once we clued into the fact that sharing had to be established in the PC MacLAN control panels rather than just using native Windows, sharing folders and printers was a breeze. On the Mac, we double-clicked Word, Excel, and Photoshop files that had been created in Windows and all opened, even though our Mac applications were one generation behind (Microsoft Office 2000 vs. 98, and Photoshop 6.0 vs. 5.5). At more than $300, this is not an inexpensive solution, but it is a simple-to-use and elegant one.C)

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file or printer sharing enabled will show

Timely. Practica1. Reliable.

up in the Mac Chooser, just like a native-

fyou have a mix ofMac and Windows computer s at home or at work, there

Mac Appleshare system. Double-clicking

area lot ofadvantages to being able to connectthem with a network, shari ng files and printers.

the server name lets you select a shared printer or folder. which will appear on the Apple Desktop, ready to use. (SharedWindows systems do notappear in OS 9's Network Browser, but can be

Save 3.1

accessed from a Dave icon thatis installed

From:ThuisbySoftware www.thursby.cor n Requires:MacOS8.6- 9.2 or 10.1 Eslimstedprice: $225,$140(upgrade)

in the Apple Menu). Unlike similar-sounding products like Connecti x's DoubleTalk and Thursby's own MacSoHo, Dave gives Macowners the option to allow their Mac to share its files and printers across the Windowsnetwork. Withthis option set,the Nac appears in the Windows systems' Network

Where PCMacLAN lets Windows systems connectto an exisfi ing Mac Appletalk network,Thursby Software's Dave takes the opposit etack.Itgives Macsthe ability to take full part in a Windows network. As such,it doesn'trequire any changes to your Windows systems; all software is

addedto the Macs.Assuming you already havea Windows networkin p(ace,a quick installation and answering a faw questions in a setup wizard is all it takes to enabl e yourNac to join the club. Afterrestarting, any Windows PC with

Neighbor hoods,just as if it was another Windows computer. The new Dave 3.1 adds native OS 10.1 support —older versions do not work with OS Xat all,noteven in thatoperating sys-

tem'sC(assic mode.OS 10.1includes basic SMB (Samba) networking support, allowing Macsto connectto Windows networking,but that supportis pretty bareboned;

'Excluding collegetextbooks i

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Continued an page 28 wwwmwsduompulescam THECOMPUTERPAPER GREATERTORONTOEDITION MARCH 2002 27

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Want ynnr Mac ln talkPCT

Serving your home

Continuedfrom page 27 users need to type in a command-line like

'smb://server name/share name' in the OS X Finder's Connect To Server dialogue box— assuming they know the server name and share name. Dave simplifies this by letting OS X usersbrowse the Windows network. As well, unlike the basic OSXcapability, they can connectto more than one Windows share at a time. As with the OS9 version, Dave users can also set their Macs to

office needs Client-server computing sounds high-end, but you might want to try this at home

share files and printers with the Windows

users. Unlike the OS 9 version, the OS Xversionof Dave cannotconnect to Windows PostScript printers (Thursby claims to be working to add this capability). OS X users , however, can share select inkjet prin tersconnected to theirMacacrossthe network. Bottom-line: If you' re adding a single PC to an exist ing Mac network, PC Mac(AN isthe way to go. But ifyou're

resource ofFers additional fiexibility in how you work For one thing, with a 6)e

printer services; and 6rewall protection. If you really know what you' re doing,

and print server, you don't have to have all the workstations on or even plugged

you can bui1d a senrer PC and con6gure don't feel up to the task, there are a num-

single resources like a printer, and some measure of data security (using each

into the network in order to transfer files around, or to use a single resource like a printer.

computer as a backup system for the

Some ofthe benefi tsofhaving a sepa-

other). This can be accomplished by a

rate computer as a dedicated server indude Web serving (host your very own Web site domain); mail serving (run your own mail server and internal messaging); 6le management (store shared 6les at a common location);

f you have more than a couple of

computers in your home office, it

makes sense to n etwork t hem together. Among the advantages this offers are easier access to 6lcs, sharing of

version available for download at the

peer-t o-peer network, but ifyour needs are a bit more involved, why not «onsider a dedicated server? Because servers are typically left run-

company's Website. Ci

ning 24 hours a day, this always-on

addinga single Mac to a Windows network, Dave is your best bet. There's a trial

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it to your own specifications. But, if you ber of pre-configured server appliances available for those who want to set up a senrer without the hassles of doing it all Oum scratch. These new appliances have

almost everything you need already onboard,and they can be set up fairly quicldy, even if you only have a minimum of networking knowledge. Continued on page 30

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$M ICE-HOO 648 7 2 00 VIEWSOMC $92 ATI TVWC08)ER RPM RPM 17' E707 $ 12? ATI TVWOIaER US B $11 5 MAXTOR Qs 20GB $106 $116 IT PF775 $149 ATIDVWOHDER IF EM 30GB $132 $ ?25 ATI XPERT 20M 32MPRO Q9 $12? $139 IF PF790 Qes ATIAILaeWOIS)ER??MPRO Q87 40GB IP GMF 80GB $154 $102 $192 ATIALL4)4WOH3?MRA DEOH Q?9 21'0810 80GB $223 $271 SISS ATI ALLataWOHQMR65M Dv $48 Qls 15' LCDVG151 $24I ATIRADEOH700032MSOR $70 120GB IMGB $435 SONY siss A TIRADEOH/?00QMDDR Q s lr G?20R siss ATIRAOEOH75MQMODR $192W.D. Sial ATI RAOE OHMNQMDOR Q 99 20GB $109 $123 ir G?208 19' G410R 3008 $120 $145 $213 ASUSV/1003?MMASC PI8IE 579 19' Gm 4IGB $129 $142 Qst AMSV/1003?MMAIRCTV 389 $169 $199 LG QM ASUSV/ISSQMFROPURE $136 MGB MGB QN IT FIATROH 776 $185 ASUSVTIN QMPROTV $ N9 Qs2 ir FLATROH777 5155 ASISVTTNINlPR O Q42 IMGB Isr FIATROH 795 $195 ASUSV/TNII QM PI515 QN IBM 40GB $157 sss as US VTTNO QM DEL UXE QM $190 Q2 ASUSV8200QMT2PISE $? 99 60GB 3367 $ 139 ASUSV820064MT20ElEX Q 4 9 75GB CANON TE A SUSV8?M60lT5 PURE Q 9 5 SEAGA 21M T L Q52 20GB $110 S200 4IGB $127 $155 $39 SAMSLstG SAMSUNG $43 ML1210IASER 38RTPCISOUIe CAR D $18 2008 $110 N 1250 LASER QBIT 5.1Smse CARD $32 MGS $135 EPSOM 6.8. 125 PC I Q8 Q3 C40UX $45 QM S.B. UVEVALUEPCI CN $4l SIN GB.UVE5,10EMPCI CN I WIN TTINStET PC I $1 8 $115 88' AIKXGYMPT«/XGAMERIR) $139 DUHK10/INPCI 3?8 LMlaRK S.ILAUDIGYPIATIFKBI LIIR) $269 Z!2 3COM10/INMI50 T X $59 5'148 Z33 5 PORTS HIS ISM BPS $ 3 6 QN ZQ DUNK 10/IN5 PORTS HUB $M $139 AOPEH56KPCI $?6 DUKL1$1008FORIBIKS $122 HP $132 AOPEH56KPCIKW . $39 UHKSYSBEFSR41ROUTER $129 658C $132 USR 56KPCI $38 UHKSYSVAREIESS ROUTERQN 845C 940CVR $138 USR 56KPCfKW. $69 LIHKSYSB9REIESS100 $139 $ 264 ISR56KPCIKWA/0/CE $ 8 9 A PCIl% BACKUP 5BWA I N 12N LASER

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< WOR K I N G A T

HOME w versed in the world of networking may take a bit longer to get the network set up (it's always better to take your time and get it right), but those who know this stulf inside and out wiII find the setup a breeze. The 6rst thing you' ll notice about the Aries is its size: at 17.2x10.9x14.7 cm,

Smbhg your homeoNce needs Continuedfrompage28

One such solution is Celestix' Aries server appliance.

Cehslx Arhs From:CelesbzNetworks, Inc

wwwcelesbxmm

(6.7x4.3x5.8 in.) it's exceptionally small compared to what we typically think of

Esbmste d price:51,500(converi ed from USS999) According to the Aries literature, Celestix

with a server. Despite the size. it has a ton of connectors on the back, including

says you can have a "fully functional

ports for VGA, keyboard, audio, parallel,

server ready to run in as little as 15 minutes." In our test, we found that daim was not Far &om the truth. Out of the box, the Aries is a friendly little device, preloaded with Linux, and containing much of what you need to create a small network Those of us who aren't as well-

and serial. It also indudes two 10/100 Ethernet and two USB ports, along with two PC Card slots. The &ont of the Aries has a multi-line LCD window with a

menu for configuring the device. Insidethe box you have a 300 MHz

alt suns m

o on r

Ng — Astronomers in Hawaii have discovered a brown dwarf orbiting a sun-fike star. It, isthe dosest objectorbiting a staroutside oursolarsystem to have been seen direcbI ly. A brown dwarf is a failed star that is much more massive than a pLanet. For decades theobjectswere thought to existuntila breakthrough described on thissite.The name, is slightly misleading — a brown dwarF is actually red, but the name "red dwarf" wa already taken!„ com/2000/0400issuqf0400bssri iaml

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10 GB or 20 GB on a notebook-sized hard drive. Though Ethernet ports are built into the Aries, the PC Card slots on the lmck can be usedto add wireless LAN functionality. Setting up the Airies is fairly easy. If you' re connecting it to just one PC, you

can get by with a crossover Ethernet cable. If you have a number of computers, you' ll want to use a hub and straight cables. We hooked the Aries to a note-

book computer through a hub, and con-

use. The Aries can be used as a network drive by machines on the network — we mapped it as a network drive with just a

couple of dicks and started saving data to it immediately. The server can also be set up with user-speci6c shares through the administrator's Web interface. If you hook a printer to the parallel port you can also use the Aries as a print server.

This is where you also set up yow Internet connection, including firewall functionality. Just by ticking off a couple of radio selections and checkbtmm, you

nected the Aries directly to our company network using the Aries' other Ethernet

can allow or block all types of traffic, and

port (for a home installation, this is the

both &om the inside or the outside of the

one you would connect to your DSL or cable modem t o s hare high-speed

network Because the Aries uses Linux as its operating system, those familiar with Linux can configure the device to their heart's content to add extra functionality. Most users shouldn't have to crawl amund in the guts of the operating system, though, because most everything is easily accessible through the Web interface, and it's quite simple to use.C2

access). After we hooked everything up, we used the notebook to "surf the box." The Aries configuration menus use a Web interface. and are accessed by typing the server's Web address into a browser. This takes you to the configuration Web pages, where you can set up various serv-

set up exceptions like telnet, PTP, etc.,

AMSTERDAM,Netherlands —In an effbrt to

Directive that declared contracts legal

encourage use of e-signatures in industry,

whensent by email,as long as they con-

the German federal government said it will require 200,000 of its workers to use digital signatures when signing government

tain digital signatures. The Minisuy hr Economics is hoping the move will enable citizens to conduct much oftheir business with government offi ces overthe Internet,now that a dig-

cootie«ts. The measure will include government contract s that can be camed out online, a«cording to a regulation passed into law by the gundeskabinettin January.

•' s

ices, con6gure settings and choose a password to secure it &um unauthorized

Germany mandates e-signatureuse in contracts

Geode GX1 processor to power the system. Depending on which model you get, the Aries comes with either 64 or 128 MB of PC100 SDRAM. Storage is either

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It is not clear from the regulation's text which technology the government will

The move is the first step in a program

employ, although the law doescall for the

calledBundfinline 2005, named afterthe year in which the German government

implementation of standards proscribed in the European Commission's directive. More than 200,000 federalemployees

intends,as much as possible,to make its operations "transparent and accessible." "This is an important poiiticai signal, and one which should have signifi cant effect," said Uirich Gasper, a lawyer specializing in information technology in Cologne. "As the gover nmentadoptse-signatur es,we can expect industry to do the same." There is nolonger any legal obstacle to

•

ital signature is considered legally valid.

using digital signatures fn either Germany or the rest of Europe. In 1997, Germany

will begin using the technology by 2005, according to government figures. Warner Hillier, Germany's Minister for Economics ,said the move follows a study conductedby the accounting fi rm KPMG (wwwkpmgde) for the ministry Last year. The minister said the government would inance the research necessary to cmate a f single standard for electronic signatures, working from technologies available today.

implemented a European Commission

— Newsbytes

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wwwxsnsds(omputss(om )HE COMP(/IER)trpss GREATER1000NIO EDITION MARCH2002 01

< NEW !L N OTABLE w

Annual Net traffic growth still tripling SAN JOSF„Calif.— Neither a weakening economy nor the events of and following Sept. 11 has done anything to stunt the growth o f t r af6c crossing the Internet, according to a veteran networking scientist who also is one of the Internet's original architects. TraSc continues to triple each year, he said. However, Larry Roberts, a networking pioneer who now is chief technology officer for San Jose, Calif.-based Caspian N etworks (wwn«sspian.com) said t h e growth rate won't last forever. At the end of thedecade, when a traSc volume slowdown finaBy arrives, he predicts there will be a big shakeup in the Internet service provider (ISP) market.

Robert snotedthatgrowth slowsin Decemberandthe summermonths, which he sai disevidencethatmost Internet traffic is corporate. In January, the former Advanced Research Projects Agency oScial, who 32 years ago was project coordinator overseeing creation of the ARPANET (the Internet's direct ancestor), released findings of detailed research cuged from two years of measuring Internet tra8ic flowing thmugh the 20 largest U.S. ISP networks and trunk lines. Despite reports that the Internet has

e 04$ $

been shrinking, Roberts said that the Internet has instead steadily tripled in size each year since it became commerdalized in the mid-1990s. Growth actu-

is a direct connection between revenue and trafiic. Results of a Harris Poll, released in November, indicated that the Internet's

ally quadrupled during the 6rst year of

population had 6naay stabilized al'ter

his research. between April 2000 and April 2001, Roberts said, but that now appears to be an anomaly. Roberts noted that growth a«tuagy fluctuates from m onth t o m o nth, though it inevitably evens out by tripling in size over the course of the year. For instance, growth normally slows in December and the summer months. which he said is evidence that most Internet traSc is corporate. In 2001, Buctuations were complicated by a wave of bankruptcies at carriers like 360 Networks, PSINet, and ExciteAtHome, which also affected Net traSc growth, Roberts said. "A couple of t h e networks have become bankrupt, but then continued to operate," Roberts said. "The effect is [that[ they Batten out their growth and shed some traSc to other networks, but basically continue operating. And they are continuing to operate on that basis." Some vendors and analysts have suggested recently that the Internet's growth is slowing. But Roberts said this is because they are confusing actual tramc growth with spe«ulation about the caparity of carrier networks. He also said some reports have confused faaing ISP revenues with a reversal of their traSc gmwth, or they incorrectly assume there

years of steady growth. Roberts did not counter that assertion, saying at the time that it is possible for traffic overall to continue tripling even if fewer people are logged on. That's because the vast majority of traSc is corporate, involving much more data than most residential users ever send or receive. And corporate traSc has continued to grow steadily, Roberts said, Because of the Internet's mid-1990s commercialization, Roberts said, he has been stymied in the past in his attempts to track its growth. "I had the problem of looking at the tail or the neck or the trunk of the elephant, and basically I couldn't operate that way." he said. "So I had to try to 6nd out what was really

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details about any of the carriers individuaay. But he said he now has accurate data about the Internet's growth, at least within the U.S. "From this we can put together what the actual traSc on the whole Internet is in the U.S.," Roberts said today. "It will take some additional time to 6gure out what's going on in the rest of the world because it's much more complex. Most of the traSc comes through the U.S., in any case." Eventually, Roberts said, those who say the Internet's growth is slowing will prove correct. He is projecting that the rate of growth wiB slow to 2.5 times annually in the next few years, then slow even further to a growth factor of 1.5

happening overalL"

times annually by 2010.

It wasn't always so hard. Between 1969 and 1995, the U.S. government — which controlled an d f u nded t h e e arly Internet — also monitored its growth. "We were able to have good data from the government," Roberts said. "After that it went commercial and everyone kept their tra%c secret, and each of the backbone «arriers was not willing to disclose their information." However, Roberts and his team of researchers began obtaining non-disclosure agreements with the top 20 Internet

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"It's very important to note that growth at the end [of the decade)," Roberts said. "The reduction is going to be important in terms of how the industry consolidates." He said this is because of Moore's Law — the theory that computer-chip capa«ity doubles every 18 months. Unexpectedly, he said, Internet traffic's growth is outpacing the theory. and Roberts said carriers rely on Moore's Continued onpage 34

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OverallWeb site defacements rose in 2001, reports Mi29 LONDON, England—The latest figures from Mi2g (www.Mi28.corn) show that Web

220 percentto 413 defacements during

sitedefacements increased around the

due to political attacks on Israeli sites.

The upward trend was reversed brieRy afterSept. 11, the consultancy reported

D.K. Matai said the reasonfor therisingnumbersofdefaced Websitesisthatpeople now taketo the Internet,rather thanthe streets,to lodge their protests.

lastweek. Mi2g said Jan. 3 that 815 Web

percent increase—from nine in 2000 to 43 in 2001.

the year —which Mi2g says is probably

world during 2001, despite a brief dropoff in site attacks in the weeks after Sept. 11. The information technology security group says that .corn domains accounted for almost 30 percent (8,736) of all Web

site derncements (30,388), during the year.

sitedefacements— from 181 to 248— during the year, while.mil domains saw a 128 percent increase in defacements during

the sameperiod. Similar increases were seen in the .il

domain name groups during 2001— up

site defa cernents occurred during September,down fi rom the year's monthly high of 3,853 in May. However, defacementssoared to 2,700 in October, fell

backto 1,632 in November and rose again to 3,038 during December.

Mi2g says intellectual chailenge, dis-

activities were the main reasons cited for

theWeb site attacks.

since 1996, using a combination of con-

DDC Matai, Mi2g's chairman, said the reason for the rising numbers of defaced

sult ants scanning the Web and talking

include 250 sites, while Pakistan's .pk domain defacements increased 300 percentto 82 during the year. Even worse was the increase in site defacementson sites within the .gov.uk top-level domain, where Mi2g saw a 378

Websites is that people now take to the

gruntled employees, politics —including

ideological differences—and criminal In India and Pakistan, the numbers of

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eignt y ofthe state isbeing challenged by

www.canadacomt3cdexs.corn A

withIT security professionals about security issues. The iirm also administers its own site

Interne, rather than the streets, to lodge theirprotests. "What we are seeing is that the sover-

Canada Computer INTEL NOIRE

Based on his firm's research, Matai sees the Web site defacement probiem getting worse during the next year. Global Web site defacements, he said, are indicative, of the general conflicts prevalent in the world at large. "2002 may be a year in which political-" ly motivated attacks, both physical and

sit e defacementsincreased by even higher percent ages-India's .in domain defacements rose by 205 percent to

domain names were China's .cn and

experienced a 37 percent increase in Web

use anonymous Internet servers to hide behind to stage their site attacks.

electronic, could complement sbikes from disgruntled employees and organized crime," he said. Mi2g says it been compiling its research

The next most frequent(y defaced site Taiwan's.tw, which together accounted for2,653 Web site defacements,oralmost ninepercent of the globaltotaL Mi2g'sreport adds that .gov domains

said, adding that Web users increasingly

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will thank you (Setting: It is a dark and stormy night. The camera zooms in on a house. and focuses on rhe only lit window. Zooming in through the window, we see a home office.A person airs in front of a PC, typing away. It is late,and thereis a messof paperwork on and around the desk.A cup of cold coffeesits beside rhe keyboard. Our Protagonisr grabs the cup, chugs back a mouthful, thenputsthe cupdown with a look of disgust.) Our Protagonist: B!eah! This is the last

time I stay up this late to work on my

accounts. Ir's been I2 hours fofingerbreaking typing, but at least I'm nearly doue. (A flash of lightning ourside, fo))owed by aclap of thunder.) Our Protagonist: Clad I'm inside ond not coming homefrom work.

(Another flash of lightning, at which point all the lights go out. The PC powers down, too, ar which point Our Protagonist realizes rhar. Nh..., none of his work has been savedfor a few hours.) Our Prot agonist:Noooooooooooooooo!

Both Eurocom (www .eurocom.ca) and

pcAnytnhwe T05

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From:SymantecCorp. wwwsymanteccom

Minimumsystem requvements(host): WindowsXP/2000/NT, 233 MHT, 64 MnRAM.

Eurocom, Impaq bridge CPU generations Impaq (www.inotecanada.corn) h av e announced new n otebooks with Pentium 4 processors with speeds of up to 2.2 GHz, and both sent us units to review. These new notebooks use astandard 478-pin desktop Pentium 4 and special cooling to prevent the notebooks from overheating(if you look at the upperleftofthe keyboard, you can see one of the vents around the heatsink,

security features. j pCAnyiglpere

Continued onpage 46

hit the ground running hough Intel's mobile Pentium 4

he latest version of pcAnywhere, arguably the most p opular remote control software program for Windows PCs, boasts alarge number of new or improved features. As indicated by the ".5" increment of this version, pcAnywhere I0.5 is not a complete reworking of the application, but rather a large interim upgrade, with an emphasis on enhanced

Pentium 4 notebooks

isn't scheduled to be officially released until March, that hasn't stopped a pair of Canadian companies from releasing Pentium 4-based notebooks. The catch: both notebooks useof a desktop Pentium 4 processor.

Venerable remote control application improvessecurity, customization, file transfer

allowing airflow to dissipate the heat very efgciently). The notebooks use an Intel 845-chipset motherboard, and team it up with SDRAM.

atra MonteCststn From:EurocomCorp. Tek877-3874266.www.eurocom.ca Price;53,0T9(astested) Continued on page44

Pros:Vwypowerful, fleuble remote control software.Allowsadministrator to control a PCor a sever from adistance. Excellent for troubleshooting andsupporting computer remotely.Version T0.5is easierto install, more secure, andfaster in sofar operaaons. Cons:Somewhat complex for a novice, well suited to companieswith IT speoalists, or small businesses with at feastonecomputer<dept personto

take onthe taskof l earningthisapplication. Among the new features are mandator y password protection, which is designed to consistently prevent unauthorized users from accessing a pcAnywhere host computer (the appliContinued onpage 43

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remote computer). In response to user requests for simpler setup procedures, there is an optimization wizard aimed at guiding users in setting up a pcAnywhcrc configuration that suits their particular requirements. A pcAnywhcrc Packager option lets the user create morc compact, individualized installations. There is also now an encryption option that can bc sct using an Encryption wizard, and a Host Assessment Tool that allows the administrator to test the security of the host computer, and determine if it is vulnerable to an intruder. The software will now also log and rcport unauthorized attempts by hackers to remotely accessthe host computer. In this rcvicwcr's business, wc'vc used different versions of pcAnywhcrc for several years, and have always found it to bc a very efFective tool. It has been particularly vital in allowing us to provide

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Eurocom's new notebook is known as the 8170 Monte Cristo. As with other Eurocom products, customers can configure their own system. They have the option of a Pentium 4 processor from 1.6 GHz to 2.2 GH z (using the new Northwood-based Pentium 4). T he Monte Cristo comes with a 14.1-inch TPT screen capable of resolutions up to 1,024x768. The notebook can handle up to I GB of PC133 SDRAM, and users have a choice of CD-ROM, CD-RW, DVD, or DVD/CD-RW combo drive. The floppy drive is external via USB. and is optional. The internal hard drive is available in capacities up to 30 GB. ATI's Mobility Radeon provides the graphics. Our review model came with a 1.7 GHz Pentium 4, 14.1-inch LCD screen, and 256 MB SDRAM, teamed up with a 10 GB hard drive and a DVD-ROM. The base model starts at $2,529, but our specilic configuration costs $3,019.

Price:53,299 (45tesled) Impaq has dubbed its Pentium 4 notebook the iNote 817. Customers can configure their own notebook, starting with a Pentium 4 processor at speeds up to 2 GHz, adding a 14-inch or 15-inch LCD p anel. and from 128 MB to 1 G B SDRAM. The hard drive is available in 20 GB, 30 GB, or 40 GB capacities, and customers can choose between CD-RW, DVD-ROM, or a DVD/CD-RW combo drive. The notebook is a two-spindle

design, with the guppy available only as an external USB option. The notebook features ATI Mobility Radeon graphics. four built-in USB 1.1 ports, one PireWire port, 10/100 Ethernet, and a 56Kbps modem. We had a chance to look at an iNote 817 with a 1.7 GHz Pentium 4, 14-inch LCD, 512KB RAM, a 20 GB hard drive, and DVD-ROM drive. This congguration, preloaded with Windows XP Home Edition. is $3,299.

llew doThey performy ligule 817 From:lmpsqTechnology ServicesInc Tek800663.9272. www.inotecsnads.cnm

As you'd expect, dropping a desktop processor into a mobile system has a few quirks —the performance is likely to be

slightly compromised when compared to a full desktop setup,if only because of the smaller and slightly lessagile components, like a mobile hard drive. Despite this, we found the performance to be quite good and very responsive. It doesn't perform at the same level as the newest high end desktops, obviously, but it's fairly close in a number of ways. We ran a quick test on the notebooks using Sisoft's Sandra system information software. In the CPU Arithmetic section the Eurocom was capable of 3,354 MIPS (millions of instructions per se«ond), while the Impaq was very close at 3378 MIPS. Compare that to two of Sandra's reference desktop systems: a 1.6 GHz Pentium 4 desktop managed 2,950 MIPS, and the 2 GHz Pentium 4 came in at 3,688 MIPS. In other words, these two notebooks came in right in between, which is fairly impressive.

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As you'd expect, those scores drop when the system is running from the battery and goes into power conservation mode. When we pulled the plug, the Impaq system's score dropped to 1,495 MIPS, and the Eurocom checked in at 1,105. The Eurocom battery also lasted a bit longer, though, which could explain its slower performance in battery mode: an increase in power management. With Windows power management options disabled, the Eurocom's battery held out for nearly Dvo and a half hours, while the

Impaq lastedjust under two hours.

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gish, even over a high-speed connection. Home PC users who are not excited by the chance to learn a demanding new

Continuedfrom page40

"events" that can put your computer equipment at risk These indude surges. spikes and swells (over-voltage conditions; saga, brownouts and dips (undervoltage conditions); and electrical noise. The level of protection your UPS can

puter novice: it should be installed and administered by someone with a reasonable amount of computer experience. and at l east some knowledge of Windows networking. It seems to be more reliable when run on the less crash-prone versions of Windows, such as 2000, NT, or XP. As for the speed issue, pcAnywhere seems to be able to upload and download fiies between host and remote PCs

Ponflnm4 notebooks Continued om a e4 4 systems get because a lot of earlier notebooks incorporating desktop pmcessors worked just fine, but generated a ton of heat. We found both of these models were actually very cool, even when running on utility power. In short, these are nice implementations of the Pentium 4 into a mobile format.

Toshiha inlrosPentttttn 4 Satellite A fewdays afterwe'd completed our pre-

softwarepmgram might consider ahostbased remote control service called

GoToMyPC (wnngotomypc.corn), which offers a very simple-to-use service for a fairly modest monthly subscription fee. If you' re willing to tackle the moderate learning curve to become proficient with pcAnywhere. however, it is a great program, and weII worththe price. 0 liminary testing of the Eurocom and Impaq notebooks, and too late to be included here, Toshiba of Canada (aamtoshibn.cn) announced a Pentium 4 notebook of its own: the Satellite 1900OPS. The 1900-OPS uses a 1.6 GHz Pentium 4 with a 400 MHz front-side bus. Like other recent Toshiba notebooks, this one departs from the usual greyor black case, coming in a fi nish Toshiba calls electric blue. The unit includes a CD-RW/DVD combo drive and a 15-in«h TFT screen. Pricing starts at 92,799. 0

nswerhonestly: how often do you save your works Even those of us who do a lot of work on PCs and consider ourselvescomputer-savvy often don'thit the Save command anywhere near enough. I'm oiten one step away

&om disaster, myself, especially closeto deadline when I'm more worried about just getting my work done than I am

with savingregularly. Luckily, there's an easyway to avoid being shut down when the power goes oIE the uninterruptible power supply (UPS). This is a battery backup that kicks in when your utility power fails, giving you enough time to save your work and shut down the computer gracefully. And, most UPS units these days can be connected to your PC's serial or USE port and come with automatic shutdown software, so if the UPS reports a utility power outage. the PC will initiate an unattended save/shutdown. That's not the only reason to get a UPS though. Power outages, while they do

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provide dependson its "topology,"or in phdn English, the technology it uses to pmvidepower to connected equipment. The cheapest and most common type of UPS is known as a standby model. It charges its internal battery while the utility power is on, and the computer remains on utility power until it fails. at which point the UPS switches to battery

power. There is a very short gap between power outage and the battery kicking in. Usuafiy it is so short that the computer never knows the power went out, though there is still the possibility of the computer seizing up from time to time. This switching also puts a strain on the battery— if you have a lot ofpower events that require switching to the battery, you*ll probably want to step up to the next leveL Standby models typically Continuedon pagedff

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Continuedfrom page 46

UPS models cost too much to make them attractive for the home o(Rce, unless uptime is exceptionally important or the power in your area is extremely bad.

cover blackouts and surges/spikes, and sometimes handle saga or compensate for line noise. One step up is the line-interactive UPS. These models feature a bridge between the utility power and the battery, and allow the battery to provide extra kkk to the utility power when the utility is running below the standard voltage, or to take the excesswhen utility

What theralingsmean UPS equipment is always rated with two numbers: VA for volt-amps and W for watts. VA is a measure of how long the unit will power a given set of equipment,

power is running too high (this is often referred to as "buck and boost"). Uneinteractive models handle the same power events as a standby unit, but also

Even better is the online UPS, which routes all power through the battery,

computer equipment is always running o(f the battery, there are no gapa or power events to worry about, as they' re handled before they get to the battery.

From:AmericanPower Coarersioa Corp.

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graphics card, onboard AC97 audio, DVD-ROM drive, and a network card.

We consider thissystem asfairly power

The downside iscost: full online tecbnol-

Dirty power •

• •

This 350VA (210W) model is a fairly basic and compact box with six outlets on the back, half of which feature battery backup. Two outlets are slightly separated from the others to accommodate the

transformer bricksusedby DC-powered electronic equipment, and Velcro cable ties are included to keep everything tidy. The indusion of protection for either phone or Ethernet jacks is nice, though Continued on page50

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Suwlet Short and small increase in voltage. Can occur when nearby equipment—like a refrigeratorswitches off.

•

NACBach<PS CSSSS www.spcccom Edontel price:SB5(mavstedfromU5585)

CRT monitor and a PC containing a 1.4 GHz AMD Atblon processor, a Gigabyte GA-7DX motherboard, 256 MS DDR SDRAM, a Leadtek TArinfast GeForce3

tent electrical signal possible. Since your

by and line-interactive UPS units, to keep the prices reasonably low. We have models with a range of VA ratings to show youthe ddferent levelsofperformance you can expect.

unit will support. Higher numbers mean more capadty in both cases.

consisted of a 17-inch ViewsonicPF-775

providing the deanest and most consis-

should improvesubstantially. This month we've picked a few stand-

and W is ameasure of howbig aload the

We tested UPS units by connecting a PC and monitor, turning them on, and then cutting the power to see how long the UPS units would run. Our test setup

regrdatesagaand dips. They pmvide the best compromisebetweenprice and performance.

hungry, and if you use a more modest system (or a more energy efiirient system for that matter), your runtime

• • •

Spike: Vary short period of extreme over-voltage—typically between 0.5 and 100microseconds.Canbe caused by a lightning strike. Swalb An extended period of slight over-voltage. Sag:Short andsmall decreasein voltage. Can be causedwhen the hidge starts back upagain. Smwnoub An extended period of slight under-voltage, Dip: Veryshort under-voltage condition; the inverseof a spike. Noise: Irregular frequencyshihs in the power waveform; can be introducedby other equipment on same line. (IncWdesharmonic distortion.)

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From:Amerksn PowwCanvas!on Corp.

Extendingyour UPS uptime

www.apccmm the jack on the back of the UPS for the

Esemsied price:S!59 (umvnied fromUSS!00)

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Appearing like an oversized power bar, the 500VA (325W) Back-UPS Ofigcemay

Back-UPS

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doesn't like the boxy appearance or bulk

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Choosing a system with lower power

requirements won't just help your UPS runtime, it also will lower your electricity bill! There is also a simple step you can take to improve your UPSperformance without buying new equipment: simply mmove anynon-essentialdevicesfrom the outlets

canexpect the UPS to keep itrunning.By switchingfrom our test system to a less power-hungryPC with 2 GHz Pentium 6 increased our runtime with one of the 500VA UPSes from 9:05 to 26:/15. Even better ,we managed to getour350VA UPS

thatare backed up by the battery.This incl udes modems, speakers, USB huhs, etc., which can generally all be safely plugged into the surge-on(y outlets. On the other hand, if your external hard drive or zip drive is essential, you should plug

allthe way up to 39:00 by going down to a 600NHzCeleron system.

itinto a battery-backed outlet. — SeanCanuthe/I

system and flat -panel monitor, we

w e Sc

G o ld A d v a n c e

processors and the newAthlon XPprocessors are an improvement over their predecessors.

As faras the computeritself goes,the more eflicient the system, the longer you

al value-priced full-size UPScs, but its

USB cable is the same type of jack, which could be a bit confusing. The PowerChute Personal software is compatible with Windows 98, Me, 2000,XP, and Mac OS 9 or later. Overall, the lower volt-amp and watt ratings make this a good choice for a modest workstation.

high end of the spectrum. For example, both the new Northwood Pentium 6

to 12:35 —not quite doubling the runtime,but almost.

of a standard UPS. This one has the same VA rating as many of the more traditionshape and siz«agows it to be placed behind the desk more easily. It has six outlets in a row, half of which are backed up by the battery. One outlet at each end is separated from the others io accommodate transformer bricks.The wall plug is angled and the cable sheathing is molded at right angles to the plug itself to avoid interference with other outlets Continued onpage52

Obviously, we' re not suggesting you downgrade your system to a Celeron, but keepin mind that some systems consume morepowerthan others,and even at the

eequipment you plug into your UPS will affect its runtime. For our runtime tests, we purposely picked a system that would suck back power. Obviously, your results will be better if your system is more energy-eflicfent Forexample, switching to a Bat-panel monitor will reduce the load on your UPS. Just by switching firom a17-inch CRTto a 15-inch flat panel with similar screen size on our test machine, we improved the runtime of one UPS from 7:25 (min:sec)

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amount of electricity. The PowerChute Personal sohware is compatible with Windows 98, Me, 2000, XP, and Mac OS 9 or later.

VSIEoeddsdgots Continuedfrom page50

while maintaining a low proBle against the walL One of the nicest things about this UPS is that it gives you a choice for data protection, with a set of co-axial connectors i n a d dition t o t h e u sual p hone/Ethernet combo jack. T h e PowerChute Personal software is compatible with Windows 98, Me, 2000, XP, and Mac OS9 or later.

Bslkia Ragakfor Pro Gold IISBBSOVA

From:gekinComponents www.belhn.corn Esomsted price:5289(mnverled from U55180)

Lowbslterywa rning:6:40

Total powerdepletion: 11:20

APCBack-IIPSPro USB700 From:Ameri canPowerConveisfon Coqz wwwapcccom Esbmstedprice: 5289(convelted from U55180) Low bsltely wamn nn: t55 Total powerdeplelion: 1155 The bigger sibling of the 500VA model introduced over a year ago, the 700VA (410W) model shares all of the earlier unit's strengths and quirks. Tbe slanted outlet panel on the top of the UPS not only makes it a lot more aesthetically interesting, it also allows you to reorient the UPS from front-to-back for easier access to the outlets without obscuring

the status lights. The battery backs up server of the seven outlets. Velcro cable ties are included for organizing the power cords plugged into the UPS. The wall plug is L-shaped, angled down, which means you' ll need to plug it into the lower wall socket to avoid covering the other outlet. Oddly, the alarm continued to sound even after the UPS had ceased providing power to the connected equipment, but despite that, it provided a pretty good

Powewars 3110600VA From: invent)5 PowerSystems www.powelwslernm Estimatedprice: 5445(converted fromU55274)

Lowbsaelywarning:iiEO Touf powerdeplelion: 1350 Belkin's 650VA (390W) Regulator Pro Gold USB model is one of the more stylish UPSes we' ve seen, with a wedgeshape featuring a slanted outlet panel

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This power bar-style UPS packs in a lot of juice, at 600VA (400W). The outlet conBguration on this version of the Continued on page54

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similar to APC's Back-UPS Pro USB line, but with a few more design embellishments. More important than any style considerations though, is that it haseight outlets, half of which feature battery backup, giving the Regulator the edge over the rest of this month's units. (It also comes with a cable management attachment for the back). The warranty for the unit is one of the best available for a workstation-oriented UPS: a lifetime warranty for the hardware itself, unlimited warranty for equipment connected to it that mightbe damagedby surge or power failure,plus Belkin will cover the costs of data recovery ifUPS fai lure damages your hard drive.

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Valuemddedvoss ContinuedPompage 52 Powerware 3110 is nice too —six outlets an in a row. with one at each end sepa-

VA and W ratings

A standsforvolt-amps, a measure of the potentialpower the unit can deliver following a power outage. Units with a higher VA rating should deliver power longer than units with lower ratingswhen loaded with the same equipment.

takesless powerto opemte. The W stands for watts, and indicates what kind of load you can place on the

Lowbatery warning: 4:50 Total powerdqtletion: l050

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UPS. Computer equipment varies in its power usage. For example, a 17-inch CRT monitor may draw 140W, while a 17-inch flat-panel may only draw 40W. If you were to exceed the wattage rating of the UPS by trying to plug in two CRTmonitors, for example,you could overload the unit.

The load placed on a UPSis an important variable for real-world performance: a UPS with a 500VA rating will run longer with a 15-inch CRT monitor than it will with a 19-i nch monitor (assumiag the larger monitor takes more power to operate), and will run longer still if you switch the CRT for a flat-panel monitor, which

Estimatedprice: 3485(converted from Uss300)

rated from the others to accommodate a transformer brick Four of the outlets are connectedto the battery.The waU connectoris L-shaped, angled down for a low progle against the waU, but requiring

Laserprinter nano It's worth noting that plugging a laser printer into a UPS overloads it almost instantly. Most UPSmanufacturers tea you not to do itatag, because you can damage both the UPS and the printer . Moreover, if the power fails in the middle ofa printjob you'U likely Rot any data,as long as your PC is protected. —Sean Canuthers

0•

it to be plugged into the lower wall outlet to avoid interference. The UPS features data port protection with an Ethernet/phone combo jack The downsides: the shutdown software isn' t included in the box. Fortunately, it can be downloaded atno extra charge from the manufacturer. The Powerware units are also more expensive than some of the other UPSes at this capacity level, but those who trust the Powerware name may well find the extra investment worthwhile, esperiany when you take the long runtime, the gve-year prorated warranty, and the 60-day money-back guarantee into consideration.

The 5115 is a slightly higher-end line, and this 500VA (320W) is the entry-level model of that line. It comes with only four outlets, but an feature banery backup. Like the 3110, the 5115 comes with data protection (either Ethernet or phone), and an L-shaped wall plug, this time pointing upwards instead of down. With this model, though, you get the ftdl meal deal: the shutdown software is Continued on page 69

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t's a sure, but perhaps frightening, sign of your own success.Your business has grown to the point where trying to run it out of your home won' t do anymore. Taking the next step-

looking for commercial space, possibly

on't let the company nameMerlin Software Technologiesfool you; the Merlin Essential Server is a piece of hardware, and a very nice one at that. The EssentialServer is a network storage device designed to be easy to set up and use.

purchasing new technology, and even hiring staff —can be daunting. A misstep

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growing your business.

Blmnesscenlres lust Boding the information to help you make the right decisions can be a challenge, but one place to start your search is at a small business resource centre. Most major Canadian rities have such centres, which offer a wealth of resources and expertise on taking the next steps in growing your business. "Mostly what an entrepreneur needs is coaching, rather than professional ntan-

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MerlinSssenfieeerver

Business Resource Centre (CBRC, online at wwwcb/crom). "Some of the growth issues that all businesseshave to consider are hiring new employees, balancing today's needs with what you wiB need tomorrow, managing resources, cash and time." The CBRC coaches entrepreneurs

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growing staff. The CBRC also offers information online on a broad range of small business topics, such as e-comContinued onpage 60

E H III: I I E I W I E I, U ' 1 33 ~ '0 Il S at Suu 8 /10.0Qam 5.QQpm Tel: (905)7095799 Wednesday: Closed ~ 7E •

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through such c ommon b usiness processesas strategic planning, developing business and marketing plans, and even creating programs to help train a

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Continued onpage 6)

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information like other business centres, as well as providing oflice space and sup-

the home oNce

Continuedfrom page 58

port services in a professional working merce. financial services, human resources support, management services. and sales support. One of the more useful programs olfered by the centre is on-site counsehing with business experts. Free advice is available for simpler cases, but the counselling sessions t ypically cost between $75 and $150 an hour. These one-on-one meetings put an emphasis on planning —seeing what you have to do now to meet new growth challenges.

"Forward planning is essential for growth," Wagner says. "That is not to say you won't make mistakes or something may suddenly come up and change everything, but using forward planning you can make some smart decisions as to whether to work with an incubator, to get your own oihce space, or to work with a tech centre."

Iecebetoreeedpleypees Incubators have taken a bad rap in the

wakeofthe dot-corn meltdown and the ongoing economic downturn. Many small companies and startups were burned when some of the incubators themselves went under or worse, simply lost interest in startups and pulled out, taking with them the funding and support that the small businesses needed to survive. But not every incubator is interested solely in cashing in on a future IPO windfall. If you look carefully, you'U find some that can be very helpful without requiring you to sign your business away in the process. London. Ont . -based Lon don Community Smah Business Centre (waw.ksbc.onro) offers business advice and

environment. Started in 1986 by the City of London with the Ontario Ministry of hmnomic Development and Trade and Towism, Fanshawe College and the University of Western Ontario, the ICSBC was initially an incubator for London-based manufacturing startups. By 1998, the LCSBC had expanded its focus, helping the

many startups that were emerging fmm the college and university business and technology programs. The centre began offering oflice space with high-speed Internet connections, furnishings, and access to traditional office services and supplies, along with a wealth of business advice through on-site experts and support prograllls. "The reason people come here is because of the advice and help," says David Jackson, general manager and executivedirector of the LCSBC. "Your

typical startup comes as aspecialist in a certain fidd. They may be programming specialists. marketing geniuses, or advertising gurus. but they don't have the range of skills to grow a business. They lack the business management and development skills. The space we rent to them isjust one resource out of many that we ofFer them." Jackson says the centre oifers the kinds of support and services startups need to

gmw, but it also helps. them keep their costs under control during this stage of business growth. Lorne Ross, executive director of the Northern Alberta Business Incubator (www.nabi.cs), in St. Albert, Alta., concurs, saying that the ultimate reason to work with a business incubator is to better control costs and overhead so savings

ofier your small and gmwing businem. By being with other similar growing

services indude Pfizer Canada, Airwalk Shoes,Talus, and Bootlegger. Shane Skiff en, one of Hotspex's

businesses, you can share information, and even skills. C laudia S cia rretta, m anager o f Toronto-based TechSpace

founders,says the company had tried various olhce arrangements, at one point even setting up shop with a Web company that was doing work for it. But Skihen decided that TechSpace was a better way to go because it allowed the company the kind of flexibility it needed to grow. Currently, Hotspex has four employees, but hopes that number wih grow to 20 by the end of the year. Having a flexible lease means it can better manage that growth, only moving to larger oSces when it becomes necessary. Just as renting physical space can help manage coat, renting software services can achieve the same economies. Application service providers (ASP) can offer business the kinds of tools they need without having to invest a lot of time and money buying and setting up the applications themselves. ASP offeringscover a spectrum of business needs, including ofhce productivity suites and management and sales support solutions,ah ofwhich can be accessed for a fee through a mmmon Web browser. Read The Computer Paper's October 2001 article on ASPs (go to wwwcanadacomputesxo, and dick on Publications to find links to our archived issues).

(www.techspace.corn) offers a real world example of this kind of networking, describing how one company in its oSces was able to use the skills of another company working in the same facility to help upgrade its Web site.

"We also try to have membership cocktail parties every quarter for them to m eet and exchange ideas, " Sciarretta adds. TechSpace is not a traditional incubator. Many of the companies have gone through the startup phase and are more established and in a period of sustained growth. They don't need the kind of counselling or mentoring services that many incubators typically offer. Sciarretta says TechSpace rents its professionahy furnished oSces for three-

month periods. If a company is gmwing rapidly, it can easily move to a larger oflice, or conversely, scale down if it hits a tough period. The cost for an ofhce at TechSpace is about $800 per person per month. While the price seems high, it is comparable to other commercial oSce rental prices in Toronto. But in addition to the space, clients have access to services such as an in-house printing shop, IT support. and even meeting rooms. The short-term, renewable lease was one of t h e features that attracted Hotspex to TechSpace. Hotspex is an online service that allows consumers to offerideas and feedback on new prod-

m 44 •

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Advic efrom someone who' sbeen Niece Brad Friesen, managing partner and cofouoder of T o ronto-based Starshot Ventures (wawstarshotcom). a marketing, communications. and design firm, says there are some very simple but important things ah entrepreneurs need to

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keep in mind in order to grow. Having taken his business from a single-person operation he ran kom his home to a shop employing four people, Friesen found that leveragin'g his contacts was away to not only generate new businessbut to tap into skills and services that he could use later on. As an example, Friesen didwork for a design Erm that he was later able to call on when working with other clients who needed design work Friesen also suggeststhat any business owner should become comfortable with technology. Account management, time management,and contact management software are essential businesstools that can helpyou better manage the company as it grows. Likewise, hardware projects, such as setting up a local area network, are not that daunting using basic networking kits available in ofnce supply stores. They do require some learning, but the payolfs —lower IT support costs —can be considerable. In the end, growing your business requires patience, but knowing that there are servicesand support mechanismsout there should make things a little easier. (2

From:Merlin SoftwareTechnologies

www.m erlinsohech.com Estimatedprices: Model Ca cl Dcence Redunda Price ESSOD 80 GB 754ient RAIDofl 54841 E5160D 160GB 75c(lent RA l0Aj 01 55,899 E5320D 320 GB unlimitedRAID0/5 59,174 E5240Ra240 GB KDdientRAIDOfl 58,469

E5960R* 960 GB unlimitedRAID0/I/5 521,540

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file sewer Ia ahex Continuedfrom page 6/ The EssentialServer only comes with a tiny booklet for setup. That should not b e an obstacle, because the unit is extremely easy to set up — for anyone who knows anything about networking. The first time you boot it up, it asks you to create an Administrator password, which you type in twice and away you

go. It then asks for a few networking numbers (the IP of the box, the netmask. and your gateway). The menus appearon the LCD screen on the front

of the box, but if you plug a monitor into the VGA port, the information will also appear there. The server runs Debian GNU/Linux, but it's set up so you' ll never need to use it if you don't want to get yow hands dirty with Linux command line. Most of the configuration can be done using the keyboard and the LCD screen on the front of the box. If you are familiar with Linux command line. you can log directly onto the box, add programs and more, though Merlin doesn't really recommend customizing your box. If you can't resist the urge to tinker, don' t worry: the package includes a restore CD that will reset the server to its original factory state (but be forewarned —it will also erase all the data you' ve saved to the hard drive). At present, the EssentialServer provides storage and backup functionality only. Because it uses Linux as its OS, you can install your own email, PTP, or DHCP server software. Merlin Software is already looking into these other options though, and when they become available as part of Merlin's standard OS load for the system, present users should be able to upgrade their EssentialServer fairly easily and for a fairly modest fee (if not for free). Out of the box, our EssentialServer model was set up with 3 mirrored-drive RAID configuration, for maximum data redundancy. If you' re interested in striping the drives instead, you can use the restore CD to reconfigure the box, but you should do this right at the beginning

or make sure you back up your files first.

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Continued on page63 gg MAACH2002 IHECOMPUIERPAPZAGREAT ERIORONIO EDITION wwwc490dlc0mpulfsmm

< SMALL O F F I C E T E CH NOLOGY w

Raging against the machine Workers downloading frustrations with computers on IT staffers

ity the poor IT workers. They are.

in the words of IT expert Michael Evans, the vigage idiots of the corporate world. "You need a blame hound. You need somebody to kick," says Evans, manager of academic computing at Toronto's Centennial College. The college is at the forefront of technology training in Canada and Evans teaches teachers how to use technology in the dassroom. As such, he has his finger on the pulse of this troubling trend. "When there are problems — the system goes down during an exam, or the printer isn't working when a student is printing an essay —front line staff will be addressed in a pretty surly way. I don' t think this is unique to Centennial." he

says. Certainly that's the Ending of extensive research out of the United Kingdom, where much of the work on IT rage is being conducted. A recent Compaq study shows that three quarters of respondents say their colleagues who suffer daily problems with their PCs swear at their monitors out of Ecustration. Verbally abusing the PC is not the only

response to IT stress; a quarter of respondents under 25 years of age have seen peers kicking their computers. A

tinues to be so bitter about the experience that she declines to name the organization. out of concern that her words

similar number of respondentssaid they had considered causingdamage to their

might wound former colleagues still

PC by deliberately pulling out its plug.

79 percent of thosesurveyed said compu ter Failure was morestressfulthan lining up in a bankor bar, and12 percentsaidtheyfound computer failuremorestressful than beingleft by a partner. It should come as no surprise then to learn that the same study shows more than one in eight workers haveseen their colleaguesbully the IT department when

The managerwasnot mogiffed. "I thought, 'I'm just going to nod and back out of your offfce/ I can't control the internet, but I really got chewed out,"

saysClemens.

with the agency. One of her responsibiTities was to update a monthly listing. Clemens

No one needs to teU Clemens that Compaq's study found nine out of 10 respondents would not like the IT manager's job and that only seven percent said their IT manager was given preferential treatment, despite the extremely stressful nature of the job. The problem, of course, is that so

remembersthe day her manager called her into her omce to berate her for not having updated the list. "She was very upset. I said click on the refresh button and I think you' ll see the updated listings," saysClemens. But the manager insisted that if she didn't know how to reiresh the listing, the organization's clients certainly would not be able to fagure it out.

many of usBndtechnology stressful. The authors of a recent study commis-

sioned by U.K.-based ICL put it best when they called their report IT Day

In response,Clemensleaned over and

fromHell.

gently pointed to the line at the top of the page where instructions on refreshing the listing were written in large, bold letters.

ICI„a Fujitsu-owned e-businessservices company, found computer glitches causeenormous amounts of stress. Continuedon page 64

things gowrong. Rena Clemens has been at the receiving end of this kind of behaviour more than once. Clemens was responsible for network administration and tech support at a Toronto social service agency before quitting in frustration last year. She con-

File sewer in a bux Continuedfrompage 62 ber of shares for users connected to the box, whether Windows or Mac OS-based (in addition to TCP/IP and NetBEUI, the EssentialServer can also communicate using Samba and AppleTalk). The system administrator can set up an application called PerfectCOPY on individual users' workstations, and this application will automatically back up selected directories to the server. AU backup is initiated on the client side instead of server side, forgreater security.The EssentialServer comes with an unlimited licence for client accessto the box, and a varying size of licencesfor copies of the PerfectCOPY client (75, 100, or unlimited).

Rackiinp Ifyou have a server rack,you may want

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to opt for one of the rack-mounted versions instead. These are essentially the same asthe desktop units,and include the CD-RW drive and integrated tape drive. The ES240R model ships with 240 GB hard disk space and RAID 0/1, as weg as a 100-copy PerfectCOPY Client licence. If you really want a lot of storage space, you can opt for the 960 GB ES960R, which comes with RAID 0/1/5 and an unlimited PerfectCOPY Client licence. AU EssentialServer products come with a two-year warranty. CI

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www.canadacampunacwm THE COMPUTERPAPER GREATERTORONTO EomON MARCH2002 6$

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gaging against the machme

nWe don't get a lot of people putting their briefcases through monitors," says Centennial's Evans. "We get vandalism that looks pretty senseless—taking the ball out of the mouse. To me it's akin to taking the top ofi' the sugar in a restaurant cl just want to do this.'" Toronto IT consultant Mychol Scully says IT rage Canadian-style is less dramatic, but ultimately more damaging. "There' sa culturaldBference.We' re in Canada. We go home and have an ulcer instead." says Scully, whose company,

Continuedjrom page 63 In fact, 79 percent of those surveyed said computer failure was more stressful than lining up in a bank or bar, and !2 percent said they found computer failure more stressful than being left by a partner. While in the U.K., that stress might cause workers to explode in rage. in this country, some IT experts see this as extreme behaviour.

Core Design Services, has worked with a broad range of corporate and social service clients. Scully says he is more likely to see clientsreactto IT stress passive-aggressively. ul have seen people shut down. Not turning on their computers. They get frustrated with their computers. They get frustrated with themselves." he says. Scully says he has also seen days go by during which managers avoid their email and people sit in front of non-functional

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< SMAL L O F FICE TE C H N O L O G Y e computer out the window, there' ll be a meeting. If someone simply avoids using the computer. it can go on and on," says Scully. The overriding concern is that IT stresscomes ata cost. According to the Compaq study. nearly a quarter of respondents said their work was interrupted daily due to computer crashes and other IT faults. Two in Five who suffer daily breakdowns claim this delay has caused them to miss dead-

lines, while one in ID have felt like bad mouthing their company to clients as well as friends because of &ustration with the ineptness of their K This is despite the fact that one in six admit that their PC problems are normally due to their own lack of understanding. So what's a conscientious do? In addition to providing basic technology training, managers have to learn to

em ployer to

manage expectations.

ommunity

Clemens. now the Web C

coordinator for Women's Health Matters at Sunnybrook and Women's College Health Sciences Centre in Toronto, says her current employer has the ritdlt attitude. "If there are problems that are out of our hands, then they' re out of our hands. My manager is not a geek, but I «an sit down with her and explain the Net's limitations and she accepts it," says Clemens. Evans would add that employers should encourage workers to expect the unexpected when it comes to technolo-

"The prindple we always use is that technology is not going to work the way you want it to. We' re just not there yet... Managing people who use tbe te«hnology, that's the solution," says Evans. He teaches his students that they must expect the technology to malfunction and that they should always have a back-

up plan. Your laptop won't run that pivotal PowerPoint presentation? Don' t shout at your IT manager, instead be prepared to make your point with an overhead projector or chalkboard.

B RA M P T O N C O M P U T ES a

•

Scully recomm ends employers make IT/business management cross-training a priority. He says that too often, IT managers are not managers at ag, but simply good IT workers who got promoted. The other side of that equation is that most business managers don't understand IT and don't take it into

FO ROD S

account when planning their company's progress. The solution is to bring the two areas of expertise together. And last, and perhaps most importantly, call IT rage by its pmper namebad behaviour. "You call it IT rage, which externatinm it... But these are not new behaviours because of new technology," says Evans.

NG ae

TITI O R II

'l2R HGGGBIOD

In the end, IT rage is simply people behaving badly. 0

ATXCASES ~'

Palm gives developers Bluetooth tools SANTA CLARA, Calif.— Palm bas starling shipping a set oftoots

to software developers asthe technology industry begins to get seri ous about Bluatootb, a standard forshort-distance communication by wireless devices. Palm, the top handbeld computer maker, released the Bluetooth Software Developer Kit for its Palm DS Ptauorm in

early January. The tools will encourage software developers to create Bluatooth-compliant applications for Paba's handheld devices. The company envisions the applications will enable Patm devices to communicate —without the need for wires —with cell

phones, PCs,printers and local networks. Paim also said it is collabolaUng with hardware manufacturerslike NortbstarSystems and TDK Systems to provide compatible hardware development kits.

e ™ aoplygze

NearPuwer BRPMP

TDK Systems recently launched a mage of Btuetooth devices, induding an "instant Btuatooth" kit for the Nokia 6210 GSN handset, one of the most widely used mobile phones on the market. WhileBtuetooth bas not taken off as quickl y as was fi rst expected, major device manufacturers are predicting a flood of Bluetoothdevicesthisyear. Recently, Swedish wireless giant Eiicsson said it plans to sell

between five million and six million Btuetooth devices during

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< SMALL OFFICE TECHNO LOGY w

Extracting meaning from numbers at goes into a wor k sheet is data, what

comes out is information. This month, we look at ways to o r ganize

and display information in Excel. Turning data into information requires that it be displayed in a way that is meaningfid. For example, data relating to a business's monthly sales becomes information when organized in month order, allowing you to see trends. Information on the raw numbers of product sales becomes meaningful when ordered numerically: allowing you to see best sellers and poor sellers. We' ll look at some features of Excel that you can use to order and present the data in your worksheets so users can find what they are most interested in. The tools we' ll investigate include sorting and 6ltering options that you can use to summarizedata,as we)las some handy formulas for extracting data from a worksheet. The steps outlined in this column are based on using Excel XP. however most Exceltools have been around for some tiine, so the instructions should work just fine in earlier versions.

Sotfiag Excel data Sorting data allows you to change its

order so it's easier to read and values are easier to locate. For example, a list of sales figures sorted numerically shows the smallest 6gures at one end of the list and the largest at the other. You can also sort data alphabetically so, for example, it is easier to find a particular name in a list. It is always prudent to save your data before you sort it. In days past, it was criminafiy easy to sort only one column of a large table of data, thus rendering the entire table of data meaningless. Because this was also before the advent of Undo options, the resulting mess could not be undone unless you had saved the data first. Even with new builtin safety mechanisms in more recent versions of Excel, it still makes sense to save your work first. A second warning before you proceed: regardless of whether you have saved your work before you sort your data, be careful not to save it after you perform the sort operation until you are satisfied that you have the results you want. When you save a file, Excel's Undo list is reset and you cannot undo the changes you made prior to saving the file. So, save before you begin and check your data carefully before you save again or you could still be in trouble. With those warnings out of the way, here's how to sort your data. Select the data you want to sort — this means you must select all the data in eachrow of the table, even if you only want to "sort" one

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Now choose Data, Sort and. from the Sort By drop-down list, choose the column letter that contains the data you want to sort. Choose the Ascending or Descending option and click Sort. Ascending will sort with the smallest value (or earliest in the case of dates) at the top and the larger (or latest in the case of dates) at the bottom. Descending order reverses this. If there are blank cells in a column they' ll be sorted last, regardless of the ordering you' ve selected. Depending on whether the selected area includes the Heading row, choose the correct option in the dialogue before clicking OK to sort the data. In some cases, you may want to sort data based on the contents of more than one column. For example, in the situation where you have a list of first names in one column, last names in a second

column, and you want to present the list in alphabetical order, choose the column containing the last name as the Sort By column and the column containing the first name as the Then By column. Set both options to Ascending. As a result, the people will appear in last name order and, where there are two people with the

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same last name, they' ll appear in order by 6rst name.

tlshtg a list Io sort What do you do if you want to sort items

in an order you specify? For example. you may have a number of people workm g inyour company and you want to sort your data so lames Smith (your boss) is f irst, you' re second (Jane Citizen), followed by your peer Simon Brand, and finally Meredith Mason, whom you supervise. You can sort in this order if you first create the order as an Excel list. Choose Tools, Options, Custom Lists, then type your list of names (one per line) in the List Entries box (press Enter after typing each name). Cfick Add to include the list, then Close to exit. You can now sort data in this order if you choose the column containing the names as the column to sort. Note that the names in this column must appear in the same format you' ve entered them into your list. In the Sort dialogue, choose Options, and, &om the First Key Sort Order dropdown list, choose the list you' ve just created and click OK. You can then sort the data by clicking OK again. Entries in the data table that don't match an item in your list (the name doesn't appear in your list or it's spefied differently, for example), will appear at the end of the list in alphabetical order. There is one final sort option of note that is handy when your data is entered

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column of it. You can indude the column heading or not as you like (if you chose it, you can exclude it from the sort later on in tbe process). You can also quickly select an entire rectangle of data by clicking a cell inside the table and pressing Control + Shift+ ' (this process

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across a series of rows rather than columns. In this situation, you can sort data if you first select the data you want to sort, and choose Data. Sort, then Options. Enable the Sort Left To Right option a nd click OK . N o w t h e prompts in the Sort dialogue relate to the rows of data. Make your choices, then dick OK to sort the data.

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When you make differing

contents of the column — the visible data

selections using the same

and the hidden data. Instead, you could

drop-down list. the choices

use the SUBTOTAL function, or simpler still the AutoSum button. To do this,

replace each other. For example, if you choose the Top 10 sales values. then choose the Top 20 sales values, the list is reset each time. However, if you choose the Top 10 sales values, then ag the sales by James Smith, you' ll only see

su. See 8

highlight the column of numbers you want to sum and click the AutoSum button on the toolbar. By choosing this command when a filtered list is selected, Excel will create a SUBTOTAL function

for you.

sales from James Smith if

Itendlr formulas

they are in the Top 10. If you want the list to reset in these circumstances you' ll have to do it manually. So, either choose All from the most recent drop-down list you selected from or choose Data, Filter, then Show AIL When there is no option in the drop-down list describing what you want to see, you can create your own search option. From the drop-down list, choose Custom, and (rom the dialogue select the condition to test and the value — "is greater than" and 10,000, for example — and

Excel is chock full of handy functions, some of which are useful in dealing with

dick OK. You can specify up

This next function sums the numbers in the range 82:822 if the corresponding values in cells A2A22 are equal to James Smith:

to two conditions and use either AND or OR. Using AND requires that both conditions be met. Using OR means an entry meets either one or both conditions. When you want to total the results from a filter, avoid using the SUM f unction because it adds the entire

data and extracting information. One

such function is SUMIF, which adds a series of numbers only if a certain condition is met. For example, you can use it to sum the monthly sales results when they' re more than $10,000, or to sum the

sales results for JamesSmith. Ifthesalesresultsare in cells82:822and the sales person's names in cells A23k22, here are formulas to make the two calculations the first sums the values in the range 82: 822 if they are greater than $10,000: MSUMJF(82:822,">10000)

MSUMJF(A223 22,"e)ames Smith",82:822)

The COUNTlr function is similar and counts the number of matching cells. For example, this function counts the numContinued on page 68 No

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< SMALL OFFICE TECHNOLOGY s

Eglracgngmeaningfrom numbwg

=AVER AGE(82:822)

Continuedfrom page 67 The LARGE function returns the nth largest value in the list. In this example, it returns the second largest value in the range 82:822:

ber of sales results that are more than IO,DDD: KOUNTIF(82:822,">10000")

URGE(82:822,2)

You msy already be familiar with the functions MAX znd MIN, which return the largest and smallest values in a list, but there are some others you may not know. Here are examples of each with explanations of what they do, starting with MAX and MIN. This function returns the largest value in the range 82:822:

Similarly, the SMALL function returns the nth smallest value in the list. In this example it returns the tenth smallest value in the range 82;822: =SMAll(82:822,10)

AutomatingWord Quick velum address labels• Create a sheet of the same labels by choosing Tools, Envelopes, and Labels, (in WordXP, choose Tools, Letters, then Mailings, Envei opes,and labels).Choose the Labels tab, Options, select your label product and click OK.Enable the FullPage OfThe Same Labeloption, cgck the Use Return Address check box or type an address. Click Print to send the labels direct to the printer or New Document to create the

ReducePage 5120 ' When a documentis a little too long and you want to shorten it a page, choose File, Print Preview, and click the Shrink to Fit button on the tool-

bar.If you need to undo the results, chooseCancel,select Edit,then Undo. Edg in Priut PreVieW •Edit a dOCument in Print Preview mode by d icking the Magnifier taol, turning the mouse into a

label sin a new document.

cursorto make yourchanges. To get the Magnifi er back, click the button again.

Custamlge sm/elgpas• Addimages or text to envel opes by creating them as an

You can right-click the toolbar to see a list of tools you can add to your Print Preview window for editing tasks.

This function returns the smallest value in the range 82:822:

As you can see, Excel ofFers a range of tools for turning quantities of raw data into information that you can usc for a variety of purposes. In this column we' ve looked at a small but very useful selection of these tools. You will find more

the detail you want to display in the cor-

Quick line draw • Choose Tools,

WIN(82:822)

information about any of these by looking them up in Excel's Help. 0

rect position. Select it and choose Insert, AutoText, New, type the name as

AutoCorr ect,the AutoFormat As You Type

HelenBradleyspeaaiizes inynigng Iundpo/I tuto-

EnvelopeExtrac and click OK. (Repeat if required for a second element calling it EnvelopeExtra2.) All new envelopes wgf

The AVERAGE function calculates an average. In this example it returns the average of all the numbers in the range 82;822:

•

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< HA ND S O N n system will certainly get a longer runtime out of the unit. The configuration of the outlets and the extended operating system support for the optional power management software (not included but available for download at n o extra charge) certainly make this UPS worth consideration.

Value.addedvofis Continuedfrom page 54 included, it has a 40-day money-back guarantee, and it comes with a 10-year prorated warranty. Again, it has the longest runtime in its capacity class this month, which also helps offset the higher price point of the 5115.

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be downloaded at no extra charge). The biggest problem we have with the SmartPro 500 USB is the outlet configuration. First, the outlets are upsidedown, three on each side, which could be problematic for transformer bricks with polarity protection on the prongsyou' ll only be able to hang them upside down from the outlets on the top of the UPS, from where they can easily fall out. The outlets are also fairly close together, and if you need to use transformer bricks, only the lower left one will afiow

you to plug it in without covering up something else or potentially hitting the power cord (the USB connector and the data lines are located at the top of the unit, right behind where a transformer back would sit). To be fair though, most people won't have a bunch of transformer bricks, but simply standard two- or three-prong plugs, which the UPS will handle just fine. In other words. most users will find the SmartPro 500 USB to be a great little unit. 0

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Quicklips

Add a Work menu • Word's Work menu

Continued from pnge 68

storesfiles so you can access them quickly. Right-click a t o o lbar, c hoose Customize,the Commands tab, and, from the Commands list, choose Built-in menus. From the Categories List, select Work,drag and drop the menu onto your

checkbox).Try these atthe beginning ofa new line (type them, press Enter) to add horizontal lines: three dashes (-) for a single Line; three equals (-) for a double

line; three hashes (¹) for a triple line; three asterisks (') for a dashed Une; three tildes (-) for a wavy line; and three underscores ( ) for a heavy line.

toolbar, and click Close.Open a file to add to the menu, choose Work, and click Add to Work Menu. You can now open the file next time by selecting it from the menu.

More horizontal lines• Add fancy hori-

Ciidt here Block •If you have a'template

zontal lines to your documents using images. Choose Format, Borders and Shading and dick the Horizontal lines button. A dialogue will appear with imagesof lines you can use. Choose one and click OK to add itto yourdocument.

intowhichyou need to type textin specific locations, create a spedal Word field thatallows'a userto click and type exactly where the text is to go. With the cursor wherethe text is to appear,choose Insert then Field. From the Categories list, choose DocumentAutomation, and from the Field

Taming AuhtCorrect • When AutoCorrect becomestoo enthusiasbc and makes correcti ons you don't want,create an exception instead of disabling it. Open the AutoCorr ect dialogue, choose Exceptions, then click the tab relevant to the correctionbeing made. Type the word you want to protect and click Add.

Relief forslress0 dickaway NB — We all know stress is bad for us. But there are scientific expianations for stress,and proven ways to treatityourelf, including through relaxation. hether you' re a health professional or a sufferer, there will be useful informaion on this Internati onal Stress anagementAssociation site,developed . y a non-profit organization dedicated o making fora less stressfulworld. wwwstressttana¹ement-isma.or¹i

Names list, choose Macrogutton (in Word XP nowclick Beld Codes).Remove any text

PC security holes doubled in 2001, claims CERT WASHINGTON,D.C.— Hackers and system administrators alike were busier than ever in 2001, a year that brought a 200 percent increase in computer security incidents and vulnerabilities, according to statistics pubbshed in mid-3anuary. More than 52,000 "incidents, including Web site attacks, malicious viruses and network intrusions, were reported in 2001, according t o t h e Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT), the U.s.federally funded computer security cleari nghouse at Pittsburgh's Carnegie Mellon University. The numbers are up from 21,756 in 2000,CERT indicates.

appearing atter the word Macrogutton and type 'NoMacro[Oick hereandtype ... T without thequote marks and replacing the prompt with your custom wording. Qick OK and your click here block will appear.

Symbolson lheloolhat•Addtoolbarbuttons to make commonLy used accented characters more accessible. Choose View, Toolbars , Customize, the Commands tab and, from the Categories list, choose All Commands. From the Commands list chooseSymbol, and drag itto the toolbar. When the Symbol dialogue appears, choose normal text from its Font list, click the characteryou want to use,and click OK, Rename the button by right-clicking it and alterthe textin the Name area. — Helen Bradley

To put the figures into perspective, incidents reported lastyearaccounted formore thanhalfofallattacks reported since 1988, the first

year CER Tbegan keeping records.

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one particular virus, for example, as asingle "incident," a factor that CERT says causes the number of incidents reported to appearmuch smallerin scope than they actually are.

The unprecedented increase in attacks last year tracked a nearly identical upswing in the number of software and computer equipment security vulnerabilities reported in 2001. CERT catal ogued approximately 2,437 vulnerabilities last year, compared to just 1,090 in 2000— more than half of the 5,033 total vulnerabilities reported to CERTsince 1995, While a doubling in incidents and vulnerabiiities is alarming, X-Force director Chris Rouland said the CERT numbers probabl y refiect between one percent and three percent of the total network security problems experienced by companies of

all sizes last year. X-Force is the research and development division of Atlanta-based Internet Securi ty Systems. "Most organizati ons do not know

they' re compromised and defi nitely don't To put the figures into perspective, incidents reported last year accounted for more than half of all attacks reported since 19BB, the first year CERT began

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Rou(andsaid Isstracked betweenseven and eight new vulnembiltfigies each day in

2001, and roughly one new virus or vari-

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e NEW a NOT A B L E > ant every other day. While he wouldn't quibble with CERT's basic numbers, Rouland attributed much of the increased vulnerabilities to a growing cadre of notoriety-seeking individual hackers and security researchers who post their findings in

public forums. That trend has helped to broaden the definition of vulnerabilities, Rouland said. "Whereasfouryearsago,some technique thatcould be usedto crash an obscure senierwould just be considered a bug and fixed, [it] is now classified as a potential denial-of-service vulnerability," he said, "So within that 250 percent increase in vulnerabilities, more of that aggregatecontent isdenial-of-service related,notnecessarily an exploit that leads to serious system compromise." Chad Dougherty,an Internet security analystat CERT, said he agreed that awareness of what constitutes a "vulnerability" is increasing, but said heightened awareness comes from a greater understanding of how security vulnerabilities and exploits can be used in tandem. "The reason why awareness has increased isthat people are starting to understand that denial-of-service attackscan be used to leverage other attacksthat might at some point provide privileged access," Dougherty said. The CERT Figures appear to show that companies are gettin g betterabout reporting both attacksand potential security holes in their products. CERT published 341 securi ty notes lastyear,compared to only 57 in 2000. Butjust as most companies don't know, ordon't care to reportsecuri ty breaches,they often are notmotivated to do so until prodded by a third party, Rouland said. "Most vendors report vulnerabilities only because someone notified them and promised to report on it themselves," he said. A copy ofthe CERT report can be found online at www.certoigfsuh/cert slats.html. —Newsbytes

Canadian online shopping in December exceededestimates TORONTO —Canadians flocked to virtual stores in larger numbersthan expected during the holidayshopping season, according to findings from a new study. The study,by market research company Ipsos-Raid (wwwipsos-raid.corn), said 3.6 million Canadian Internet users — defined as adult Canadians who go online at leastone hour perweek— bought something on the Web duringthe 2001 December holiday season.

"Thecustomerswerequitehappy this year... Theretailers did their homework." Theshopping rush exceeded Ipsos-Reid's prediction of 2.9 million Canadian online shoppers. Those shoppers also spent more online than last year, the firm said. On aver age, Canadian online shoppers spent $324,Rrr a total of $1.16 billion. In the 2000 holiday shopping season,Canadians spent a total of $650 million online. As of last fag, Ipsos-Raid's projected total for 2001 was $860 million. Steve Mossop, senior vice-president of technology research at Ipsos-Reid, said the successful online holiday shopping season was a "pleasing surprise."

"Everybody's projections for online holiday spending were low," said Mossop. "Three years ago, the projections were much higher, but last year, after the crash, projections werelowered." "Doesit mean we are backto where we were in 1999? No, but is a nice lift," he added. According to Mossop, one of the most important

aspectsofthe holiday shopping season was an improvement in customer satisfaction with online purchases. The study found 92 percent of those who purchased online during the holiday season said they are likely to do soagain nextyear.In addition,35 percent of"repeat buyers" said their Web purchasing experience was better than last year, while only four percent said it was worse. "In 1999,there was a huge increase in sales volume

from the year before, but people were unhappy," said Mossop. "There was huge pressure on retailers to improve their checkout performance and their on-time

delivery." In 2001,he said,the top 15 to 20 retailers,"the ones who car e," have worked out theirissues. "The customers were quite happy thisyear.Theirsatisfaction ratings are up because improvements were made. The retailers did their homework." One finding that was unchanged from last year was

themost-purchased items categories.Ipsos-Reid said 37 percent of shoppers bought books, foaowed by CDs,

tapes or videos (27 percent), clothing (23 percent), toys or games (18 percent), and computer software (15 per-

cent). "Some categories are suitable for online purchases, and othersare not, Mossop observed."A book isa book,

whether you buy it atAmazon.corn orin a store." "Everyyear,studiessay other categories wiU incnmse in popularity, but we see the same categories on top over and over," he added. The study was based on responses from 1,000 Web

usersfrom Ipsos-Reid's Canadian Internet PaneL The firm said the results were cross-checked against a tele-

phonesurvey of 1,000 Canadian adul ts. — Newsbytes

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Some willing to live without the Internet,study finds BOSTON,Mass.— The Internet has come a long way in a short time, but even the Web's burgeoning popularity has limits, accordingto a new study ofU.s.Internet users by the Yankee Group (wwwyankee-

The reasons why vary by household income,but two of the most commonly citedfactors are expense and the availability of Internet access at work or schooL For households with PCs that have incomesof lessthan US$25,000 per year, 72 percent ofthosesurveyed said they did nothave Web access athome because the service is "too expensive.

seven percent ofInternet users who have PCs in their homes choose not to have Web accessat home. Some 65 percent of

U.s. households have PCs, according to Yankee Group, which translates to 69.7 miUion PChouseholds out of 106.5 million households in the U.S.

group.corn). The research and consulting firm said

Multi-FauPower Supply

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"If they use it at work.they probably are spoiled by broadband," said Melsted. "Mostworkp(aces,otherthan some small offi ces, havea Tt lineorsomeotherhigh-

speed access. Thepeople who are used to broadbanddon'twantdial-upservice,and you can't get DSL orcablemodem service everywhere." E v en hi if gh-speed Internetaccesswere to become available in

ag areas of the coun-

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percent), not wanfing PhOneS are nOt ubiquitOuS. W i th any technolo children to use the 5Ome peOp[e ChOOSe tO r)Ot gy there are 9oin9 to Web (six percent), and difficulty of use (four percent).

• —-Fan-1 (Front)

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be holdouts," she said.

haVe Certain technOiOgy in

In homes with PC s

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JC Comm gutech Inc.

Mel sted said it is possible the Internet mi ght eventually achieve 98 or 99 percent

lackofinterestin the Web (11 percent). home penetration among ag U.s. houseLisa Melst ed, an analyst with the holds,butshe said such a rateisyearsin Yankee Group, said it might seem as if the future. Internet users would be likely to want to "TheYankee Group is projecting househave the Web available in their home, but ho l d penetration of 70 percent in 2005, she was not surprised that some think wh i ch still leaves 30 percent," she said. school or work access is adequate. —Newsbyres

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Expensewas second at 21 percent,fol- she added.

I ( I s

• NFN recommended

t hei r homes."

that have incomes of US$75,000 per year or greater, the most frequently cited reason fornothaving Web access athome was its availability at work or school, cited by 47 percent of respondents.

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wwwtsnbdsmmpuiesmm THE COMPUTERPAPER CEE/EIR TORONTO EDITION Ii/MECH 2002 73

CmySlS rPA MPER

Platform News Iq a gin tosh • L i n u x • Wi n d o w s • Pa l m • Eme r g i n g T r e n ds

G4 breaks I GHz barrier ust as we were going to press this monthwith an interesting price/performance comparison of the new flat-panel iMacs and existing G4 tower hneupApple sent us back to t h e d r awing board by unveiling its new dual 1 GHz Power Mac G4s. The new powerful towers also feature the industry's first NVIDIA GeForce4

And provides serious competition to Intel's Northwood P4

0 4

dvanced Micro Devices (AMD) has been a thorn in the side of tel for quite some time, and it continues to up the stakes with the Athlon XP 2000+. As with other models in the Athlon XP line, the new processor's nomendature is based on an over-

graphics card. and a DVD/CD burning SuperDrive, for U5$2.999. According to Apple, the new system can run Adobe Photoshop up to 72 percent faster (based on common operations in Photoshop 6.0) and encode DVD Video over 300 percent faster than a 2 GHz Pentium 4-based PC. The new Power Mac G4s are also available with 933 MHz and 800 MHz PowerPC G4 processors. These slower

AMD's Athlon XP gets faster

models start at US$1,599. Apple saysthe three standard configurations of the new G4 towers are avail-

able immediately.

Build-to-order detaisl are at the Apple site. We' ll have more on these new systems next month. Continuedon page 76

afl performance metricand not on the processor's acma( speed—in the «ase of the 2000+, that would be 1.67 GHz.

The penguin on your desktop QiriUX lpiig a

BV Incqnesand slafltsn gust/eyer

of Windows XP Professional was $1.150. From a pure cost perspective, Linux is ~h e c hanging circumstances of attractive for small businesses and fo p na l o p t h multi-PC homes, where a single $70 as much to do with the goings on copy of a packaged Linux distribution supplies not only the OS, but several at I Microsoft way as it has with the continued maturation of Linux. Note topflight desktop applications like Star that whfle os P chmdware costs are Office (an Microsoft Olfice look-alike), falling, Microsoft has been raising its Acrobat Reader, RealPlayer audio and video player, Netscape or Opera Web prices, such that a lllrmdows OS has beco me a signiflcant part of the total browsers, and others. cost of a desktop PC. But cost is just one factor. Give up Windows altogether? You don't even For example, the hardware cost of our newly assembled 1.7 GHz have to consider that, because Linux Fentium desktop with 512 MB of runs comfortably in dual-boot mode with all versions of Windows. memory, 40 GB hard drive, and 15-inch monitor wasaround But as we alluded to earlier, Linux has $700, but the total system matured, improving vastly in areas it was cost, which includes a copy Continued on page80

r eSpeCted SerVer y OS, iS beCpmirig a

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ys MARCH2002 THECOMPUTERPAPER CRE ATERTORONTOEOmON wwwcaaadammpulascom

The reason AMD has opted for model names instead of frequency (megahertz and gigahertz) to differentiate the processors isthat Athlon processors have continued to perform at a higher level than Pentium 4 processors rated at the same frequencywhen using common application-based benchmarks such as BAPCo's Sysmark 2001 (which is our benchmark of choice). The 2000+ usesthe same architecture, manufacturing process, and form factor as previous models in the Athlon XP Continued onpage 84

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G4breaks I Guzbsnfet Continuedfrom page74

Mote from Msasstld While we did bring you some news &om MacWorld San Francisco last month, there was a lot of neat stuly we didn't get to. The show itsdf seemed smager than last year, and several big name companies were absent, notably Macromedia (makers of Flash, DreamWeaver, and FreeHand). It was nice to see a lot of

smaller c ompanies i n a t t endance be used to create sophisticated compilathough. and as usual everyone was hav- tion discs with cross-fading between ing a blast. So, on with the show report. tracks and more control over track spacing. RornoinlroducesToastS.Isnd Jsm S.g Invariably though, once Roxio gained In the old days, before Toast was a Roxio control of both Toast and Jam it found it (wwwrouo.com) product, there was a comwas too difgcult to be constantly updatpanion program called Jam. Jam was ing two CD burning products that had a geared towards the serious audio users lot of overlapping features. Jam has not and olfered tools for crafting a profes- been updated for several years, making it sional music CD that could be used as a incompatible with newer CD burners, master for mass production. It could also and thus almost useless.

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But at Macworld, Roxio announced plans to bring Jam back with an all new version 5 due in March. Jam 5.0 will be an improvement over older versions in several key areas: it will work with l6-bit or 24-bit audio Ries, it w i l l h ave enhanced cross-fading and multi-channel mixing support, and most importantly it will no longer include the burning code in Jam itself. Now, once you have created your CD, Jam 5.0 will create Continued on page78

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Ga breaks I Gila barrier Continuedfroin page 76 a master CD image on your hard drive, then transfer you to Toast 5.0 to do the

burning. This way, Roxio will not have to release updates to both programs every time a new CD burner is released, which saves development time. However, it also means that you must now buy Toast to to use Jam, and the bundle will set you back US$199. If you already own Toast 5.0, you can buy Jam 5.0 for US$99 (Toast 5.0 is also available separately for US$99). At Macworld, we had a chance to play with the Jam 5.0 beta running under X, as well as the new fully X native Toast 5.1, and were very impressed. We are a little worried about those pmgrammers at Roxio though. A Roxio employee told us that the API that allows Toast and Jam to communicate is officiafiy called Butter.

MitsesoB releasesMetfiaPhyer for X Microsoft (www.micosoltcom/mac) once againhad a large presence at the show. The biggest area in its booth was devoted to Office:mac v. X, but as it has been out for months we wem more interested in other areas. On the peripheral side, we learned that Microsoft will be bringing out native OS X drivers for afi of its USB mice and trackball s by the end of February. The driver looked impressive and offered afi of the programmability of the OS 9 version, as well as the abiTity to have the cursor snap to the default button in a dia-

logue box. The other news is that Microsoft will have drivers for its full line of USB key-

boards available sometime in March, The keyboard driver allows users to swap the Windows key and the Alt key to make the layout more Mac &iendly, and it will also allow users to program the hot keys that run along the top of the IntelliType keyboards. This could be very handy as Apple has not yet included programmable function keys in OS X. Microsoft had less to show on the software side, but there were a few new items. We learned that it has no plans for an Oudook Exchange dient for Mac OS X, but that may change once the installed base for X increases. For the time being, Micmsoft hopes corporate clients will simply use Entourage, which at least supports IMAP mailboxes on an Exchange server. An update for the Oflice:mac v. X suite is planned for release in the next few months but it will mostly contain bug fixes and i s no t l i kely t o i n clude enhanced functionality, except perhaps Palm sync support if a final version of Palm Desktop is available. Microsoft did release a new 30-day "test drive" version of Oifice:mac v. X at the show, which is nice for those who might want to try it without shelling out the $750. The trial version is almost identical to the fidl version, except that printing has been disabled. It's available either as a 122 MB download (www microsoftcom/msr/oificer/ otdreg.asp) or on CD. Finally, Windows Media Player 7.1 m ade anappearance attheshow forboth OS X and 9. It's nice to finally have the ability to play streanung WMP content on OS X as many sites don't offer QuickTime streams and RealPlayer is monto eai. 11am To ram

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The biggest surprise, though. is that you can order a hard bound album of photos created within iPhoto. There are six book formats to choose from, including a picture book year book, and catalogue. You can cnmte a caption for each image and select how many photos are displayed on each page. It's not Quark XPress or InDesign, but for family use the results look quite good. The downside is that it's a little expensive in

Canada($45 for a book,plus shipping), but prices may go down if enough people use the service. We' ve used iPhoto for several weeks now and find that IYs a very good image cataloguing program, esperiafiy for a version 1.0 product. Being free, we would recommend it to anyone using OS X and a digital camera Our favourite

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iMacs —was iPhoto (www.apple.corn/iphoto). It seems to complete the digital hub line of software. which includes iDVD, iTunes, and iMovie. As with the others, iphoto is &ee, however it's the first of the bunch t o r u n u nder O S X o n l y. Apparently the inherent benefits of the Quartz graphics engine made iPhoto much easierto code on OS X. Then again. maybe Apple just wants everyone to upgrade to X, since starting this month afi new Ma«s will ship with X as the default OS out of the box. IPhoto has two separate components that are integrated quite wefi. Its first purpose,according to Apple chiefexecutive Steve Jobs, is "to eliminate the digital camera chain of pain" (importing, editing, and printing images). With iPhoto you can plug in your camera, download all the pictures into iPhoto, crop and rotate them within iPhoto, then print single images or as a collection of thwnbnails on a page. Apple has tweaked the built-in print settings and optimized them for most photo printers to get the best quality results with little fuss. In this regard, iPhoto is great and will servemany people well,however there is one weakness in the import-edit-print chain and that is the editing. The functions are so basic that many people will

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preference to allow you to edit images in an external application while keeping the images i n yo u r iP h ot o li b rary. Unfortunately. Adobe has yet to release either P h otoshop or Ph o toshop Elements for X, but in time they will make a good combo we' re sure. The other component of iPhoto is sharing your images. With it, you can create slideshows complete with transitions and soundtracks, which is great for presenting photos on a computer display or a TV screen. You can use iPhoto to create a Web photo gallery. generating thumbnails and navigation buttons, and uploading your pages to mac.corn automaticafi y.As well,you can order hard copies of prints direct &om Apple within the iPhoto application. Sizes range &om 4x6 to 20x30 inches, printed on high

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New iBookgals ie-Inchscreen The least impressive announcement from Apple (wwwapple.com/iboak) was the new 14-inch iBook. We' re won't spend much time describing it for you because, quite honestly, it's exactly like the 12inch model but with a bigger screen. Unfortunately, it costs more than the smaller model, it weighs an extra 450 g (I lb.), and it's both wider and deeper. Overall, all the things that made the 12inch iBook such a hit — small, lightweight, and low price —are absent here. One good thing on the 14-inch model is that, with the larger case comes a larger battery — adding another hour (six hours on the 14-inch iBook from five hours on the 12-inch model) to rated battery life. By far the worst aspect of the new iBook. however, is that the screen has exactly the same resolution as the 12inch model. If the extra two inches gave you more screen real estate for palettes or windows then we'd be all For it, but both screens run at 1,024x768, so you will see the same amount of your document on either screen, only it will look larger on the 14-inch model. In short, that extra weight and extra $500 gets you a bit of extra battery life. Certainly for people with poor eyesight it's going to be much easier to work with, but we wish it had the option to run at a higher resolution to make use of some ofthatextra screen space.

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tttepenguin ou yotw desktop Continued frompage 74

previously considered weak ease of installation and use, breadth of applications and their development tooh, hardware support, and compatibility. Given the state of Linux evolution, we thought it would be a good time to explore what it has to ofFer. In the first of a two-part article, we look at the process of migrating to Linux. We assess how easy the current popular distributions of Linux are to install and use. In the second part. we will cover the availability of applications, Web connections. and hardware compatibility. In the end, we will comment on the practicality of u sing Linux, including co-existing with Windows, for a small business and in the home.

Ttte Unuxtugheds We induded a mix of five computer systems that approximate what a typical small business or home user might have an older and a newer laptop computer, an older and a newer desktop PC, and an old server. Following are some relevant specs: Brand/ Proc./ MS Hard Boatable Testbed model MHz RANI drivesCD Old C ompaq Intel P2 64 4 GS Yes 1700 2 33 New C ompaq P3 25 6 18 GB Yes E500 900 Old C v nx Cynx 128 8 GS %s 150 +3 (iS desla 2 00 Newer Mind P3 128 1 5 GB Yes

desu P C Old sever

600

Q u ark P 2 3 3 233

12 8 40 GS Na +5 GS

The Linux distributions we tested are also a mixture of something old and something new. The older Linux versions were released about two years back (as seen in the case of SuSE Linux 6.1, which uses version 2.2.7 of the Linux kernel). We chose to use boxed editions rather the downloads of the distributions in the table Linux Distributions. We deliberately included older versions of Linux to see how well the older distributions stood up to the ongoing parade of technical progress. Could these old distributions be installed into some of the newer machines? Overall, we found product support

was mixed for the older versions of Linux— perhaps to beexpected.Th etumt we could get &om Corel, Caldera, and SuSE was reference to old installation notes or archives. In the worst case, we

Linux Boxed

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sile Indudes Kernel Pdce www.maxas.cpm 8~ 8410 Linux 2 men ue no diskeuts v2.4.5. 559 CalderaOpenLinux23 3CDs,manuals,bootdiskette v2.2.10 529(23) waw.caldem.corn 590 33

umwxandroscom Coral Linux 4 CDs,manuals,boot d'ukette v22.16 NA xenon 3.0 duemid-2002 Deluxe2nd Ed Mandrak eUnuxEd8.1 7CDs,manuals no diskettes v2.4.8 579 ww w.lin ux-mandrake.mm RedHatPro.Unux73 9 manuals no ctskeees v2.4 52% ww w.redbat com SuSEtinux 6.1 4 cDs, manuals,boot diskettes v22.7 54 0 (6.1) wwwsuse.corn 560 (73) would not try to install Windows 3.I or even Windows 95 on a newer PC; so why try old versions of Linux?

abandoned trying to install SuSE Linux because even the text mode install presented problems. In defense of SuSE, this was the oldest version of Linux by far and its new SuSE 7.3 Personal and Professional editions are ranked by others as the best home version of Linux. There is an important lesson here. Don't scrimp on your Linux software, get the latest versions, which have the newest drivers, kernels, and support. Users

Insteliegonresufis Table I shows the results of all our installation tests. RedHat proved to be the most robust distribution of Linux, installing with the least amount of difficulty, and onto all of our test machines. It also had some of the faster perform-

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and install properly on the old desktop. In general, if any of the Linux versions had a pmblem it was on installation to the older hardware. Cord Linux had a very easy install. but it also pmved to be very slow and to boot very slowly. Xandms has taken over the Coral Linux distribution and it promises to have an improved install. a better selection of third-party software (already very good with Wordtxerfect and PhotoPaint for Linux among others), andbetter interchange and integration with Windows applications. Look for Xandros/Corel Linux 3.0 in the first half of 2002. Caldera had tbe second best install record but refused to work properly on the new laptop. This was a case of trying to use an old version of Linux on new hardware. The drivers for the laptop's ATI Rage Mobility video card were simply not available, but of course were Continued onpage 82

We hadbeen warned that installing Linux

Caldera

Mandrake failed to runon the old l aptop

UninstallingLinux

Comments

No Oean, Win98 OK Screenbhnksout d u ulall. Old deskt I Nin985E No New deskt Win98 Yes Y e s Yes FD' Win98 OK u ninsadt Old server Win98 Y e s N o No FD ' Win98 OK Screen andmousefailures

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ance results, but we will get into those details in the next review. Mandrake proved to have the most complete install — sound, video, and games worked most effectively here. But

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doesrequire some005 expertise, particularly with Fgisk (a 005 utility usually found in your C:tiwindowsxc command

directory). The uninstall for Windows9x and Me is fairly simple: 2.Atstart up,bootinto DOS mode. 2. Runt fdisk /mbr.

3.Then runjust: fdisk. 4. Set Windowspartition active, then simply delete all the non-005 partitions [ie: Linux partitions] and re-boot one last time. Thisworks formost ofthe Linux distributions. However, with Windows NT, 2000,and XP usersmust consider using a

more robustpartition manager. We used ourfavourite, PowerQuest's Partition Magic, which reset boot sectors and restored NTFS partitions with no

problems. However, we found that Caldera's distribution takesover any single disk installa-

tion andwipesout any 005 files requiring a complete rebuild of Windows. So be careful with Caldera and single-disk instalh. — Jacquesand Nathan Suiveyer

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Intel Pentium 266/366/466 CELERON intel Penlium 566/600 CELERON Imel Pentium 900CELERON

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PLATFORM N EWS

The pnngumon your dosklop

your third grade teacher, let us repeat:

Continuedfrom page 80

"now class,be sure to use the latest ver-

available for the latest version of Caldera, 3. I Personal. At the risk of sounding like

Downloador boxed? We preferred buying the Linux distributionsas a boxed product over download-

ing the free copiesfrom the Internet fora few reasons: • We recei ved a permanent copy of the software on CD. • The boxedproduct included several CDs of games and application software. • The included instagafion manuals and

guideswerehelpful (but hats off toRed Hat, Mandrake and Bearops; not even a peek into the getting started manuals

was required). • Finally, most boxed Linux distributions

provi de 60 to 90 days technical support. But this is reaUy a security blanket— only our instaUations ofold software on old hardware required this kind of help. —Jacquesand Hat/inn Suneye

W SO M E

sion of the software." As weshall see with getting various sound cards, printers and other peripherals to work properly, we heard this messageloud and clear. BearOps, another Canadian distribution, had the opposite problem. It was unable to instaU on older hardware. And given that it is a fairly new distribution, that is undersmndable. BearOps has the ability to install itself directly from Windows and to create a dual boot with tight Se integration.

ComdsgugIEIIh Wlndous Coexisting with Windows is not always easy.Even within Windowsversions, some programs and peripherals work on Windows 98 and Me but not Windows 2000 and XP, while Windows NTFS Se system is impenetrable to Win9x versions. The same situation arises with Linux and Windows on the same machine. Almost ag of the Linux distributions allow for dual boot including coexistence of Windows and Linux Se systems, and many, but not ag versions. also provide

bridges into the Windows Ses. This provides a mechanism for sharing files between the operating environs beyond mailing in a browser, or exchanging floppies, or CD-ROMs. The three most popular methods are SAMBA and NFS, which allow sharing of files on a Windows server with a local Linux machine, loopback devices that allow creation of virtual disks on Linux that can mimic DOS file systems, and add-ons to the Linux file system that allow it to read (and sometimes write) D OS ( Windows 9x ) a n d N T F S (Windows NT, 2000, and XP) files. When we look at linux applications, we shall review how well integrated into Linux apps these fadTities are.

Linux is remarkably easy to install in most casesas long asthe hardwam is not too old and the linux distribution is up to date. Windows used to have a GUI advantage but with two GUI environs—KDE and GNOME — competing on Linux, they have caught up, and in some areas surpassed, Windows GUI for tricks and

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64 I)teat(a I Gtta banter

Apple Skinz has big plans, including

Continuedfrom page 79

Skinz for iBooks, PowerBooks, and new iMacs. This writer was really hoping for skinz for the G4 Cube, but apparently Cube saleswere not enough to justify the

skinz.cam). It wa s th e co mpany's Ma«World debut, and it had about a dozen designs on show, with more to come. Current designs range kom hot md games, to tattoo art, to American flags. Apple Skinz says it wiB alsomake custom panda for customers that want to display theircompany logo. for example. The Skinz currently cost US$50 a pair and the company does ship to Canada (which is not included in the price). The panda are easy to instaB and will not void your warranty.

what do you do with it? Its most basic function is as a volume control, which is what it does out of the box.Whenever you turn the dialleft or right it changes the system volume, with the base light and dimming or brightening to give you a visual cue. This is cool but not worth $45. In addition to turning, you can press down on it, which triggers a mute function. Finally, you can push down and turn it, resulting in a third function that is unmappad. Now, so far it seems like a good device for those who don't already have volume controls on their keyboards but it can do much more. The included software allows you to program each of the three actions to perform different functions in each application you use. So in Internet Explorer, for example, turning the knob will scroll up or down and clicking wiB take you back one page. In video editing software it can be used to go through a segment frame by kame like a conventional jog dial. or it can be used to select in and out points for effects. The possibilities are endless and the drivers work in both OS X and 9 so it can

COSE

PewerNah mulfipurpoaeinputdevice One of the strangest peripherals at the show really grabbed our attention: the PowerMate from Griiffn Teclmology (wwwattttrethnolagycam). It looks like a volume knob on a high end receiver. It' s made out of high quality machined aluminum, with a glowing blue base so it appears to Boat on your desk It's an attractive device, but the question is

"E(fuca5onporta B-'Pro Teacher is a Web directoly for elementaty school teachers and paients who ,'tvant help helping kids learn. In essence, this is an education poltai, and it provides 'rearchabie directories of lesson plans, activities, and other online resourcesfot pte' school, etementaty, and middle schaai students. It also offersUP a "vent" area, where 'teachers can letloose frustrations,orsound offabouttriumphs. The Busygoatd features , ' discussion boards and email rings. , www.pro'teacbet.caitkl '

be used in aff your applications. It's not a must-have peripheral by any means, but after using it for several weeks and programming a number of functions, it sure does come in handy. What's espedagy nice. though, is Grffffn's attention to

detaiL The PowerMate has a nice heft and looks very polished and dean. The small touches are nice toth such as when your machine is asleep the blue light on the PowerMate will pulse to match the power light on yourMac. Alsch for keyboards that lack a power on button, the PowerMate can be used as apower button for your Mac, provided it's plugged into one of the USB ports on the computer and not into a hub. We think a lot of people would ffnd this device very useful, and Grffffn has always olfered great support for its products, so there's no worry about driver p roblems down t h e r o ad. T h e PowerMate may eventually find its way to Canadian retailers, but right now the best way to get one is through Griffin's Web site. (3 Justa Siemens, 8lrac (T spea1(ist basedin Vancouver,can bereached at jsiemenslmac.com.

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line. This design includes 384KB of ondie Level-2 cache, 3DNow! Professional instruction set built into the core. and support for a 266 MHz front-side bus, AMO AMO Iai el Peabum 4 Intel peagum 4 intel penfium 4 which is teamed up with 266 MHz DDR Atbio nKp NhlDD Kp 2 GHz 2.8A GH z 22 GHz SDRAM for high performance. The 1908+ 20 00 + IN igSm etta N o rlbwood No yibwood 2000+ is manufactured in Dresden, 1.6 GHz 1. 67 GHz 2 Gfb 2 GHT 22 GHz Germany using an 0.18-micron copper 5'12KB Cache 384K B 384 K B 256 KB 512KB process. Msnufstturin rotess 0.18 micron 0.18 micron 0.18miuca 0 . 13 micron 0. 13 miaca Initially, the Athlon XP 2000+ will cost Internet content creation 176 181 182 194 210 US$339 each in quantities of 1,000. 183 )83 152 168 181 0~0ite rcdu ' Cpnrinuedfrom page 74

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Titn bnndtmnrklng Last month we told you about the new 0.13-micron Pentium 4 processors, also known as Northwood processors. Those processors added cache to the die, bringing them to a total of 512KB Level-2 cache, or back to the same amount that Intel's previous processors featured when the cache was still located off the die because of its larger physical size. Now, with the new AthlonXP 2000+ available to us for benchmarking, we can 6 you a rough comparison of these gh / new processors. The Pentium 4 system used the Intel D845BG motherboard, 256 MB DDR SDRAM &om Crucial (wwwaucisl.ccm), a 30 GB ATA100 hard drive, integrated audio, and a GeForce2 Ultra graphics card. The AthlonXP system used a Shuttle AK35GTR motherboard, 256 MB DDR SDRAM (also &om Crucial), a 30 GB ATA100 hard drive, integrated audio, and a GeForce2 Ultra graphics card. As you can see &om the benchmarking numbers, Intel's 2.2 GHz Northwoodbased processor has taken the overall performance lead, outpacing all of the other processors by at least 13 points. A look at the details reveals more interesting numbers, though. First, the AthlonXP 2000+ holds its

own rather well against the 2 GHz Northwood-based Pentium 4; this is more or less on target, because the 2000+ is supposedly a 2 GHz equivalent, despite the fact that it's only running at 1.67 GHz. More interesting, though, is the fact that it's also achieving that equivalency with the larger manufacturing process and the smaller on-die cache. If you look atthe breakdown of thebenchmarking, the AthlonXP 2000+ takes the lead in the of&ca productivity suite, even over the 2.2 GHz Northwood Pentium 4. That said, all of the Pentium 4 chips show that their strength is the Internet content creation side, which takes heavy advantage of the multimedia strengths built into the Pentium 4 (even despite the fact that Sysmark 2001 doesn't have support for the Pentium 4's Streaming SIMD Extensions 2 instructions. P rice advantage still goes to t he Athlon: the AthlonXP 2000+ comes in US$25cheaper than the Pentium 4 2.0A processor, and more than US$200 cheaper than the 2.2 GHz Northwood Pentium 4.Even ifthebenchmarking numbers are lower overall, that's still enough of a price advantage to make it very attractive. Cl

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'Trustworthy computing' greeted with skepticism REDMOND, Wash.— A shift in corporate str ategy by Micr osoft

ed skeptically by some security profes-

September advising corporations to

purely talk," said Merc Maigret, chief

sionals who see it as amarketing ploy to

hacking ofgcer for Eeye Digital Security,

(www.miooioit.mm) to emphasize security

energize sales of products such as its new Windows XP operating system and .Net software services. "This seems like pure public relations to me. It's only words. Le Yswait and see if there will be any real change," said Georgi Guninski, an independent security consultant who has discovered several gaws in Microsoft's products.

move away from Microsoft's Web server software because of its security problems. To "walk the talk" on its new corporate strategy, Microsoft must shake up the culture of it s product management groups in particular, Pescatore said. "I think developers at Microsoft are open to this change, but product management still believes they can't seg software without adding new features," said Pescatore. For example, i n t h e c ompany's

gaw in Windows XP and also identiged

in its products could bomb with consumers and hurt the market for thirdparty security products and services, expertssay.But,theyadd,thesea change was necessary to save Microsoft's business in the long run, especially with corporate customers. The new emphasis on Trustworthy

Computing. announced in an email to Microsoft employees in mid-January by Chairman Bill Gates, calls for the company to treat security as a top priorityeven ahead of developing new pmduct features.

"When we face a choice between adding features and resolving security issues, we need to choose security," Gates wrote in the memo, which he likened to his l995 missive that galvanized the company around emerging Internet opportimines.

M icrosof t' sepiphanyhasbeen regard-

While the company's new emphasis on security may have been driven by a desire to boost sales, the sbil't goes deeper than public relations and will require major changes in the company. according to John Pescstore, research director for the Gartner consulting firm. "This was driven in large part by the immense response from big corporate customers after Code Red and Nimda

Windows XP product, which shipped last fall and was touted for its improvements in security, product management "jammed in dangerous features like remote administration that should have raised all sorts of security red flags," said Peacatore. "I' ll believe they' ve changed when Microsoft starts proactively releasing advisories about vulnerabilities that they discovered themselves. Until then, it' s

[virusesj. The CEOs and CIOs of Microsoft's biggest accounts said,'This is killing us. We can not live this way,'" said Pescatore, who authored a report in

which recently found a severe security the vulnerabiTity exploited by the Code Red worm.

To help reset the corporation's priorities, Microsoft has created a centralized security group that reports high in the o rganization, according t o Ch r i s Wysopal, director of research anddeveloprnent for AtStake, a security consult-

ing Birn. "This group is stalfed with really good security people and has a signigcant budget. This is the Erst time Microsoft has a centralized security organization concerned with security during the

development process," said WysopaL But such an organizational change

may not manifest itself in actualproducts for at least 18 months, Gartner predicts. In the meantime, Microso6's security emphasis may shnply take the form Continued on page 86

Pr orna x Computer Systems Inc. Seolnner

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'rrttshaerlhy computing' Conlinued rom o e8 5 of shipping software with securitythreatening features turned off rather than enabled, as is the current practice. Microso&'5 new emphasis could create a period of uncertainty for the entire securit y marketplace.On the one hand, if Microsoft is able to ship signlgcantly more secure products, it could mean a reduced need for anti-virus software and other amelioratives, Pescatore said,

On the other hand, Microsoft may respond to its security crisis by making it easier for third parties to develop security products that work with Windows, such as by publishing information on programming interfaces for the operating system, according to Pescatore. Richard Forno, chief technology officer for information assurance provider ShadowLoglc Corp., called on Microsoft to take that approach even further and publish the complete source code of

Windows and other products. "Given the decades-old proprietary patchwork of many Microsoft products, the only way t o t r uly certify that Microsoft's internationally developed productsare indeed secure and trustworthy is to release the code to the security community at large for analysis," he said. Even if Microsoft is able to clean up its act on security, there will still be plenty of work for information security profes-

sionals, according to Greg Shipley, chief technology Oflicer for security consultancy Neohapsis. "Today's organizati ons face an onslaught of information security pmblems —problems that involve a lot more then just Microsoft-based misery," said

Shipley. While it may be driven by a desire to prevent a market baddash, Microsoft's security imtiative may not immediately strike a chord with consumers, Pescatore

said. "Microsoft is ahead of market demand on this. Consumers do not currently value security over features. But that is s tarting to change. Because of t h e Internet and publicity over bugs and viruses. security is starting to move up the priority list," he said. Forno agreed that businesses are not the only customers demanding improvements in Micmsoft's product security. "Ioe Public doesn't take kindly to security problems that impact his privacy, email, or ability to conduct personal consumer transactions online," he saiIL

Six Oegreeshelps managecreativity guroaby,B.C.-hasod Creo Products Inc.(Wwwcreo.com)haslaunched 8 new productforthe desktop,Six Degrees, that is designed to help creative professionals manage projects. According to Creo, Six Degrees is a new type of application: rather than replace existing tools, it looks

atthe relationship between fi les,messages,and peopleand createsconnections.It presents the user with aU the information about aproject, regardless of where the project files or messagesam stored. "SixDegrees allows the userto move quickl y through the clutterofthe desktop and focus on the messages, files,and people that are connected and relevantto the projectsthe userisworking on. It filters out everything else," explains Nark Lemmons, the director of Creo's creative software gmup.

"While most systemsforce you to store ralatOd files in a central depository, Six Degrees actively makes connections for you as you work." Six Degrees operates cross-media and cross-plafform (Mac DS Xand Windows). It will be released at Nacworld New York in July

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Too much attitude too late in dated e-commerce how-to ometimes,asa reviewer,you run acrossa book that opens your eyes, and fills your head with new ideas. Then there are the books that simply rub you the wrong way.ThreeClicksAway fell into the latter category for this reviewer. Despite including some genuinely useful info, as a

RE&(tp Information content: " Readability: oo Intendedfor. Beginner Overall Rating:oo All three authorshave paid their dues in terms of build-

whole the book is very dated, hav-

ing e-comm erce Web sites. Drapkin has worked with the likes of IBM andUPS,Lowywith Deutsche

ing been written for budding ecommerce wannabes prior to the

Bank, and Marovitz with Dow Jones and Gateway.Good credentials, but

dot-cor n collapses. But it was the flashesofsnarky attitude— perhaps intended to come across as hip-

whileyou mightexpecta book caRed ThreeCl icksAway to focus on waysto create eff ective e-commerce Web sites(the term refersto the factthat most e-commerce sites lose prospec-

that ultimately led to me turning my thumb's down on thistitle.

tive customers after three mouse clicks), the book in fact deals with how to start an e-commerce busi-

lltyee Cidta Away Authors:MichaelDrapkin, Jon Lowy,

andDanielMarovitz

Publisher.JohnWiley 6 SonsInc. wnwwileycom ISBN:o471-396$2-6 Hardcover 236 pages 2091 Price:S44.95

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But there is little presented in this section that isn' t

obviousto anybodywith any experi ence in the high-tech business (online or not). In addition, it talks a lot about "overpaid Internet con-

sult ants," yet the authors use many of the same buzzwords. and their trite (and sometimessnide) analysis does nothing to bolster their credibility. Butthis bookis marred as much by bad timing— a year ago,enough of the data and observations would have been relatively fresh,and the severalnow-dead dot-corns

referenced may have seemed relevant. Ifyou can get beyond the pseudo-hipness ofthe writingstyle,there are some usefulfacts,but you have to do some digging to find them, and the shallow analysis is

telegraphed long in advance ofthe punchline.CJ

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bitsand pieces offactualinformation aboutthe business practices of real corporations with online.success stories. However, there is little analysis given to these facts. To its credit, ThneeClicks Away doestackle topics mrely seen elsewhere, such as offering advice on how to find the right people for the job, organizational structures, and the stages of developmental hurdles you' re likely to encounter.

ness. Initially, it explores the different

/ /

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WikiWikiWebs

IE extensions to CSS: Part 3

Making the information highway a two-way street By SharonOosihoek t last, a truly collaborative online community. WMe the Web is ften touted as a populist tool for communication, a two-way street, roost Web sites communicate information in one direction only. But a fascinating new type of site, called WikiWikiWebs, is poised to change that. It is, in a word, interactive. WikiWikiWebs allow hundreds of people to put content on the serac Web site at once. Users can both read and write — changing paragraphs, correcting

spelling, and adding original materialwithout knowing a stitch of HTML It's an open source collaborative server technology that enthusiasts say o(fers a promising tool for coordinating collaborative documents. databases, and projects. Inspired by the Hawaiian expression Esr

quick(wiki wiki, pm nounced "wickeewickee"), Portland, Ore., pmgrammer Ward Cunningham created this unique Web publishing system His ErstWiki page, founded in I994, continues to operate at

wwwcr.com/qli/wiki?W eicomeVisiton. Cunningham's concept has gone on to inspire countless dones and imple-

By Keilh Sthenggi-Robeds

mentations on various server platforms.

ast month, we looked at how Microsoft's Internet Explorer (IE) contains a number of extensions to Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) —such

Editing by numbers One of the most intriguing Wiki sites • is something called the Wikipedia (wwwwikipedia.com), created in early 2001 by a PhD named larry Sanger. It's billed as "a collaborative project to

as the ruby set of prnpertie —ddeaigne to accommodate Asian character sets. This month, we continue to look at CSS extensions for formatting other characteristicsofAsian character sets.

produce a complete encyclopedia &nm scratch," and already has more than 20,000 articles on subjects ranging from beliefs about the nature of God to the role of the periodic table of chemical elements. It also includes a useful section on current events that invites users to add links and work on stories as various topics become relevant to the day' s news.(There is,ofcourse,an extensive section on the war in Afghanistan,

including the country's geography. history, and culture.) This section is not meant to provide breaking news, but rather to give helpful background infor-

BBEMIne If you are typing Chinese, Korean, or Japanese characters into a Web-based form, chances are you' re using what is known as an i nput method editor

(IME). IMEs usesequences of base char-

mation about current events. What makes Wikipedia unique among encyclopedias is that ag articles are

acters in order to describe an individual character. In Korean, these base characters are Hangul syllables, phonetic Kanji characters for Japanese, and various options are available to create individual Chinese characters. So, in order to write a singl e character in most cases,a user

Continued on page92

Continued onpage 94

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Building a MAME arcade cabinet: Part 3 By KeBhScheny'B-Rsbens

for selecting whether or not a game would be played by one or two players. Further buttons that would be useful included credit, pause, and reset buttons for each player (a feature I wish had existed with many old arcade games!), a MAME interface console button and two buttonsthat would act as Iefi- and rightmouse buttons in combination with a trackball (useful for selecting individual games from the MAME interface). This added up to a total of 25 arcade buttons for my control panel, in addition to the joysticks, a large trackball, and a single spinner (the only game I could think of that used more than one spinner was Pong, so I didn't bother getting a second one).

n planning my MAME (Multiple Arcade Machine Emulator) arcade

t cabinet. I had to consider ag of the

various types of arcade controls and look at which controls supported the games I wanted to play most. Other considerations important to the final design were

how many players could play a game. which operating system, and the speed of the computer.

liowmany piayeis? The more players added to an arcade machine means a corresponding duplication of the controls. I r emember enjoying Gauntlet — a Dungeons and Dragons-style game played by up to four people simultaneously — and my all-time favourite, a

Before buying and assembling the game control panel, I wanted to get a computer to act as the game server. MAME is available for a number of OSes, including Mac OS, BeOS, X-Windows, Linux, and recent versions of Windows (though at the time of writing, not WindowsXP). I toyed with the idea of running a pure Linux system, though informal research I did suggested that Linux interfaces for MAME — generally speaking you do not run these games directly, but through an intermediary program — were on the flaky side. In the end my greater familiarity with Windows was the real deciding factor. I selected Windows 98 Second Edition, which is arguably the most stable and Continued onpage 90

But, in the end I decided upon a twoplayer machine, primarily due to space constraints. Building a two-player unit meant I could play selected games head-to-head with a friend and meant installing two joysticks. which opens up a range of dual-joystick single-player games, such as Berserk and Robotron. Now,Ihad to decidehow many arcade buttons and controls I needed and how I would lay out the controls. Idecided each player would have one joystick and six game buttons — for a total of two joysticks and 12 buttons. But, in addition to individual player controls, most arcade cabinets had buttons

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Buildinga RNIRIEarcade cabinet Part 5 Continuedfrompage 89 game-friendly Microsoft OS. In my research, other arcade builders tend to choose an OS based on what they are already most famiTiar with. Now I had to decide on a computer to host the system. Many of the games I enjoyed most were relatively old, from the "golden age" of the arcade. They were made when computer memory was limited and expensive, so games of that era don't use much memory by today's standards (the ROMs for Space Invaders and Asteroids are under 10KB apiece). By the mid-'80s. many ROMs were up io several hundred kilobytes. and the most recent games available to MAME can be up to dozens of megabytes in size. The general rule of thumb is the more recent the arcade game, the more processing power you' ll need. If I was just planning on playing early games, a 300 MHz machine would be enough, bui I wanted to be able to play games from the late '80s and '90s too, so I opted for a 600 MHz system, which I loaded up with as

much RAM as it could take. Since none of the gamesrequire advanced 3D rendering, a standard video card is fine. I was lucky to gel a Western Digital monitor, instead of a more typical TV screen, in the arcade box I had bought. This meant I could use it with a standard computer video output instead of having to find a computer video card with a TV-out port. However, the monitor is only capable of a VGA (800x600 pixel) resolution, so again, there wasn't much point in investing in a video accelerator card. C3

SONICbiue ieancbesthe Rie Riot SONICblue(vrvvwaonicblue.com) hasunveiled its first hard drive-basedportable music player —the RioRiot. The Rio Riot is built around a 20 GBhard drive that can hold more than 5,000 songs (about 400 CDs'worth) ofdig-

ital music, andhasan integrated FMtuner. The player integrates SONICbiue's Rio LogicTrack user interface, which includes a menu system with multiple track-sorting opffons ,viewed on a 240x160 pixelbacklitdis-

play. It runs on a rechargeable lithium ion battery thatoffers 10 hours ofpower between charges, acconling to SONICblue. A 16 MB SDRAMbuffer helps conserve battery life by storing music in memory so the hard drive doesn't spin during play-

back, whichalso prevents skipping. Next bme:Buyingcomponents and slartingto putthingstogelher. Thanksgoto coconspiratorsPeter Liska andMichaelWiiiemsfor sharingtheir technicalknowledge.ThanksalsotoDallas andthepeopleat theToronto Coin MachineExchange (wnw,pinballexchange.com/) whoprovided us notonlywithpartsbutwere generous

Bundled MoodLogic personal music management software cleans up ID3 tag information, generates and sharesone-click playlists based on music tastes,auto classifies music,and recommends songs.The Riotalso comes bundled with ReaLlukebox and iTunes musicmanagement soft-

ware,making itboth PC-and Mac-compatible. The unitruns MP3 and WMA formats,and the company says it willbe upgradeable to new digital standanls through software releases as they emerge. The Rio Riot hasa suggested retailprice of US$399.95.

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WiRNihglfGBB Continuedfrompage 88 works in progress. Users are constantly updating the information with new/better definitions and hyperlinks. In fact. the site's authors put it best when they point out that, "You can correct other people on the spot without asking their permission." Each pagehas a sentence at the top inviting users to correct and edit each other. They edit what they see simply by clicking on the invitation. This leads to

an editable version of the page, which works just like a word processing pro-

AIW)P ISWIH NINHIN $?SMIOM3% THSNQLTNEENGSECOOUNOFAN Q5 Fiawie PCICAOO/PQWIACsa %9/Ia

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NSW tn QQVNIlha $2fihi Way For a guide to setting up your own site, consult T h e W i k i W a y : Qu i ck Collaboration on the Web,by Bo Leuf and

wh ereof+

Times Digital, and Motorola, technology was used in the real tnTO)g.

Cunningham and Leuf are enthus tl c about Wiki's potential for widespread application, but understand that some compromises must be made when implementing Wiki i n t h e business world — compromises such as requiring passwords and restricting edit rights. You can also visit CNET's Builder.«om site (go to bui)de/cneLcom and follow the link to the Media Mojo column, then scroll down to the WikiWikiWeb link), where writer David J. Emberton takes would-be Wi k iWikiWeb cr eators their paces. But beware, as E mberton says, "Building Wiki sites can be surprisingly addictive. Once your site launches, you' ll 'yourself che cking the find RecentChangespage regularly for new user additions and changes." 0

throug h

Self-installable WireleSSemail fOr I90AS InfowaveSoftware has announced the debut ofInfowave Symmetry Pro,a secure wireless email software service for Palm- and Pocket PC-powered device users, that gives them accessto corporate email,contacts,attachments,and caiendarinformation while

awayfrom theirdesks.via an "always on"type connection.

$35

Infowave's says the S)/mntett)/ Pro service allowsusers to create, forward, and reply to email on their Palm 05 or Pocket PC handheld, with options to sort which email will be forwarded to the device and to truncate messages forfastertransfer.They can also

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gram. While the content is not reviewed before being accepted, every article has a revision history that lets you read changes to the document. So what about cyber-vandals out to undermine the integrity of the site with bogus entries? There is a code of conduct. of course, but what rangy ensures quality artides is the sheer number of people who visit the site. As the site's authors write: "khrtki pages eventually represent nothing but intelligent discussion and informed consensus because it's so much easier to delete flames, spam, and trivia than to indulge them. What remains is naturally meaningful."

Cunningham. The book covers all the information you need to set up, customize, and run a Wiki server. It offers an in-depth discussion of Wiki theory, practical tips, and examples that demonstrate how to apply and adapt Wiki to the demands of various situations. Cunningham and L euf w r ite t hat WikiWikiWebs have been used successfugy in research, business, and education for documenting projects, brainstorming, and creating content in a collaborative fashion. They offer case studies of orgartlxD tions such as Georgia Tech, New!Ybtk

access contacts in their personal or global Outlook address book remotely. as weil as their daily calendar, with the ability to make changes in their schedules and forward

them to others. Beforemessages are forwarded from the desktop to the device, they are fully e)tclypted and are not dec/)/pted untilthey arrive on the handheld device. The enclyp-

tion keys are never transmitted wirelessly, only by local synchronization. As waU, the usel' slogin credentialsare notstored anywhere on the system. According to Infowave, SymmottyPro can be used in almost any corporate IT environment, since the desktop communicataswith the service using outbound HTTPS only. Thecompany saysSymmetry Pro iscompatiblewith CDPD, CD%A, fap)TS,and GSM net-

works, and can be used with services from many wireless carriers. SymmetryPro can be downloaded from wwwspnmehypro.corn fora 24-day triaL After

the trial period, users can subscribe to the service for USE?D.DDper month. —TCp5?ajj

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CSSoxtensiom to IEt Part 3 Continuedfrom page88 has to enter several component charac-

If you view this code in your browser and you do not have an IME, you will not notice any dgference in the way you can enter characters into the form. Similarly, if you are not using IE 5w, you will not see any dfiference in behaviour when you enter text into the form.

ters, then con6rm which single character

they want displayed depending on what's been entered as a base. Now, let's sayyou are fifiing out a form and want to enter Chinese characters into certain sections and standard LatinI characters (those used in English. French, and German) in the rest. To do this, you would have to continually switch modes when typing characters into the various fields of the form.

The ime-mode CSS property introduced by Microsoft in IE 5.x allows you to explicitlyset when an IME should be used in a form. The ime-mode has four values: auto. active, inactive. and disablecL Auto is the default value, which does not affect an IME at afi; it is the same asnot pacifying ime-mode. Active tells the browser that afi characters being entered are to be done via an IME, and inactive tells the bmwser that characters are to be entered without the use of an IME. Active differs from disabled in that, with active, the user still has the choice of using an IME, but disabled completely disallows use of an IME. The ime-mode CSS property only works in conjunction with the ciuput type="text> and ctextsreax tags. Here' s some sample code that puts ime-mode to work

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toyoet~d properfies Asian languagesoften use a layout stru«ture in order to properly display characters, typically in the form of a one- or two-dimensional grid. In order to set up this grid structure, IE Suc employs a set of layout grid CSS properties. There are four of these properties: layout-gridmode. layout-grid-type, layout-grid-line and layout-grid-char,each ofwhich controls a specific aspect of the layout grid. There is an additional fifth "shorthand" property called layout-grid, which encompassesthe other four properties. Probably the best way to show how it works is to start out with some sample code, then see how the individual pmperties can further shape it. In the following example, see how the Chinese text is set apart from the English text, as if it were laid-out in its own special area: Example ¹t Wr I> Here issomeEnglish text

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it essentially sets the spacing value used for separating one line of characters from another. It can take a fixed length value,a percentage value,or one oftwo named values: none or auto. None is the default value, and does not set a grid value. Auto sets the gridline value to equal that of the largest character in the font used. The l a yout-grid-char p r operty behavesin much thesame way aslayoutgrid-line (and uses afi of the same values), but it is intended for use with block-level elements, and must be used in conjunction with layout-grid-mode set to either line or both. The layoutgrid-type property sets the type of grid to be used, and its three valuesare loose,

playedas usuaL The fi xed value is for creating a monospaced layout, where the. sizeof each character is rendered the same.

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Op> If you are a Webmaster who uses Asian characters in your Web site, it is worth getting to know the layout-grid set of properties for use in IE 5.x and later. 0

Nextthee:More InternetExplorerCSS Proper ty Exte nsions,Ketb Srhengili-Rubenswelcomes any mmmeuis,suggestions, or HTMLtips you msy have.Email Keth at roberlskC ¹rogets.cum. His book onCSSpublished by Prentice Hall CoreCSS (ISBN:0-134(845&4), is available in bookstores.

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under Example¹1 are widely spaced, whereas those in Example¹2 are more tightly packed and slightly more ofiiet from the English text that surrounds it. The dosest analogy lor the layout-grid properties is the line-height CSS property for laying out text that uses Western character mts. The layout-grid properties, however, provide greater control. Here's how they work layout-gridmode sets whether or not the layout grid uses two dimensions, and can take one of four values: line, char, both, and none. Line sets up a line grid, which is recommended for use with inline elements-

strict, and 6xed. Loose is the default, and is the type of grid that ought to be used for Japanese or Korean characters. It essentially adjusts the size of the grid to 6t both wide and narrow characters equally weU. Strict is intended for use primarily with Chinese and Korean characters, and when set, ideographs, kanas,and wide characters snap to thegridand afiother characters are dis-'

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style house called Geekhalla(www geekhslla.org),and work with companies in the commulllty.

Wong, along with other Geekcorps volunteers, will be pairedwith a company called Skao Graphix. They plan to help the businessbecome more effective and efficien, and to raise its profile. Geekcorps isessentially a businessand IT training service, with one fundamen-

tal difference, "Instead of paying Geekcorps, [the companies) have to pick a project to do, something that will help the community," Wong said. All expenses involved with getting volunteers where they are needed are paid by Geekcorps, which in turn is funded by corporate sponsors and individual donations. Geekcorps is looking for volunteers with three years or more experience in a high tech-related field, which can include software development, systems or network administration, Web-based graphic design, business development. or sales and marketing. A desire to live overseas and work closely with people from different backgrounds. is the other prerequisite. According to its Web site, Geekcorp is Enalizing new target countries for future projects, which are likely to be in Latin America and the Middle East.

Wongandhisgroup wiBbeleaving for their four-month stint in Accra on Feb. 19. You canview their bios and diaries on the Geekhalla site, once they arrive. — CanadaCompures.com

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Threads in Java: Part 1 n our last tutorial (" Security and exception handling" i n TCP

January) we looked at one of Java's pio-

neering programming innovations, the try/catch/shally blocks for handling programming errors and exceptions. In this tutorial we' ll look at another Java innovation: Java'seasy to use threads. Threads are vital in server and Webbased systems because they are used to enable multi-pro«easing or concurrent processing, which can make systems much fasterand more responsive. But wait a second, you say, multi-processing has long been a part of systems. So what's new here? Well there are two key innovations. First, a great deal of multi-processing is done not by individual programs but by special scheduling and/orload-balancing programs. These Conrinued on page97

< CAREERS & T R A I N I N G e

Threadsin Java:part I

the same building and on the same server I am using. The query to access their schedule of availability is quite quickless than a second. But two other members of the team are on another server system, which is connected by a gateway to my server. Here the average response time is a broad five to 30 seconds. Finally, the last member of the team is working I'rom home and must be contacted over the internet. Connecting to her calendar can take five seconds, five minutes, or longer. I want to be able to continue to work in my calendar program and be automaticagy notified when afi the queries are done and the meeting schedule options can be displayed. This requires some within-program multitasking using threads. And lava's use of threads makes creating that multi-tasking capability a lot simpler than in other programming languages like C++, Object Pascal. or Powerbuilder.

Continuedfrom page 96 programs are sometimes incorporated into the operating system. Thesesystems deliver large-scale but also coarsegrained multi-processing. They are dubbed coarse-grained because many sub-pmcesses (which could be further m ulti-tasked and e xpedited) a r e unreachable by these coarse-grained

multi-processors. Developers then use fine-grained transaction processing systems, but theseare quite complex to pro-

gram anddevelop. Enter lava threads. which simplify considerably the task of developing Bnegrained multi-tasking within individual programs. This capability is vital for Web, mobile, portal. and other applications that tend to support many simultaneous tasks or processes. Take a Web calendaring application, forexample.Thisprogram must be able to multi-process two or more queries of other Web-based calendars and yet not stop cold while waiting for those queries to come in. For example, I want to schedule a meeting with Bve colleagues. Two are in

trreee m

Newbies overseas f you' re interested in testing your IT

skills in a developing nation, but don'thave the three years ofon-thejob experience Geekcorpsrequires, consider NetCorpsCanada International (wwwnet-

corps-cyb erjeuass.orgf).

This program, part of the Canadian Government' sYouth EmploymentStrategy, offers internships in developingcountries to young adults with training in informationand communication technologies. The volunteer placements are four to six

months,snd sre implemented by international development organizations including Canada World Youth (lead), Alternatives,

be between 19 and 30 years old, and be

unemployed or under-employed prior to the internship. Thoughtravel, food, lodgings,medical insurance, and a modest monthly stipend are provided, NetCorps requires volunteers to contribute to the

costof the inte rnship via fund-misingor other means. NetCorps has offered internships in

C anadian C rossroads Bolivia, Brazil, Chiie, Costa Rica, the

Dominican Republic, Morocco, Sri lanka,

Internati onal Health, CUSO, Human RightsInternet,Dxfam-Quebec,and World

and Vietnam. The organization has placed more than 500 volunteers to date,and hopes to fill another 255 posit ions by March 31.

Accordingto NatCorps,projects have a

devel opment focus and can range from

There are two main ways to develop threads in Java. Both are dead simple-

setting up and confi guring hardware. In addition to IT skigs required for a specific project, NatCorps participants must be Canadian or a landedimmigrant,

International, the Canadian Society for University Service ofCanada.

Javathreads

ment, creating Web sites, developing databases.networking workstations, and

establ ishing Internet connections, to

Details on how to apply and information about specific opportunities are available

prepari ng manuals and documentation, designing and providing skills develop-

through links at the NetCorps site. —Megan Johnston

Continued on page 98

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a CAREERS 6

T R A IN I N G w

Threads inMtm:pnrt I Continued/rompage 97 which is what makes Java threads so attractive. Developers can add multiprocessing capabiTities to their Java programs with much less development elyort than ever. In addition, becauseJava and the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) do much of the complex synchronization tasks, the code produced tends to be more reliable than the functionally equivalent, but more demanding C++ code. The 6rst method of creating threads is to extend a classderived &om the Thread class (public class Mythread extends

// Demoof UsingthreadswghRunnable interfere import java.io.'; public dasshellnwImplements Runnable ( publicstagsmtcnt= o; prhreteint threadcnt;

pubgchelnwQ( tnt++;System.out.println ( Definingthread no: +cnt); threadcnt= cnk

) // Mustimplement runQ methnd to makethreadswark publicvoidrun Q(

try (

while (true) ( System.outprintln("Ihread="+gtreadmp; lhread.sleep(pong) (threadcont' 400.00 ' Math.randomQ); System.outpdntln( lastrandom+IOO.O0' Math.randomp);

Thread( ...). However. the more popular and versatile method is to add the Runnable interface to any classes you want to run as threads. In Figure I, we show code for a sample program that does exactly this. Here is how it works. First we add implementsRunnable to the hepow class declaration. By doing this, Java makes available a set of Thread methodsand exception handling features.The only other requirement of theRunnable interface is that the run method also has to be degned. But, as you can seeBom Fig. I, the run method is not very complicated. It prints out a message saying which object this thread is running with. Then the Thread.sleep(...) causes the thread to sleep for 400 times the number of the hdlow object (the values in this program are from I to 3). Then the thread prints out a random number between 0and 99, and then the thread is done. Now comes the interesting part. The just 6nished thread now waits its turn to start ap over

com plete

) ) cntsh(InteruptedExcepgonie) (SystenMutpringn( Interupt exception"+ ioe

)

publicstaticvoidmain(Stung() args) ( //create3 lhreads Threadonegig= new lhread(new bellowQ); onegig.setDaemon(true); lhreedtwoToo= new lhread(newhallow90); twoyonsetDaemnn(Sue); ThreadthreeTall = newThread (new hallowp O;gtreeyagstnDaemnn(true); //thenstart them onegig.start Q;twoynoatart p; threeyallatatt p; // andstopthem

try ( System.nutpringn( Enterkeychareder to stnp ); System)arcedQ; System.outpringn ( Batfromrnugne"); ) catch(IOException ioe) ()

)

perform tasks like printing or backup, which can be spawned off so the main program can continue. GUI threads inherit from the Threads dass or use a special case where the adapter dass is made Runnable.And in Web and database applications.threads are integral to

the sophisticated asynchronousprocessulg.

Users will find the latter programming quite complex (see Chapter 11 in Ivor Horton's BeginningJava 2 for a sampling of the synchronization coding). One dangers in advanced threading applications is the possibility of deadlocks—the program freezes because two or more

dependent threads cannot complete because each has resources the other needs. A second problem is damaged objects associated with near deadlocks. That has lead to the deprecation and discontinuanceof several thread methods in the Threads class. Thus users should

avoid using: desbnyQ Instead,usejninp ornotify() andthenyieldp orto dn equivalent.

suspendp/resum eP ThispairofcommandsarereplacedbynnfiyP, wsitp,andintenuptp, alongwith thesynchronized keyunrd. StopQ Thismmmsndisrephced byseIDaemnn(nue),

jniap,sleepQ,orexplicitly throwingaThread excepllnh.

again, repeating the run method over again. AB three threads will alternate in an endless loop because none of the threads tells any of the others to stop. However, our main program has been

IBM patent winner for ninth year WASHINGTON, D.C.—IBN Corp. was by far the most prolific patent recipient In 2001, leadinga pack of other high-tech companies in the U.S.Patent 0 Trademark Office's

top 10 list for the ninth year in a row. IBM wasawarded 3,411 patents forinventions in 2001, nearly 1,500 more patents than NEC Corp.,the second-biggest patent winner last year.

Theothertop 10 patent recipients for2001 were Canon,Micron Technology Inc.,

clever. It has linked each thread back to itself by declaring each one as a daemon of main. So, when main stops, so will ag itsdependent daemons or threads.Our main program looks for a carriage return on input and then terminates itself. As soon as it does so, ag its dependent threads are also terminated. You can check that this is true by setting rwoToo.reiDaemon(/aire); and rerunning the program. Now the second thread continues to spit out random numbers even though the main program (or, as it turns out from Java's point of view, the main thread) has stopped.

Samsung Electronics Co., Natsushita Electrical Industrial Co., Sony Corp., Hitacht

Nitsubishi, and fujitsu Ltd., respectively.

Whyusethrends

IBM sai d it was proud to become the first patent holder in historyto be granted

morethan 3,000 patents in a single year. "One ofthe biggest myths of2001 was that innovation was dying along with the dot-cor n bust," said IBM senior vice-president Nick Dnnnfiio."The fact isthatinno-

vation is thriving in the research anddevelopment labs of corporate America and companiesaroundthe worid, as this year'sresults confirm." —Neivsbytes

00 MAROi znnz rusGNPUKRPAPEe GREATERroeONlosomON wwwcrnadaaurszrssmm

So what if threads are easy to do? Why and when do I need to use threads?Here are the situations. In graphics applications, animations use threads aBover the place and the simple Runnable interface works well. In GUI applets, threads are often used with menu commands that

As the user will see in LearningJava or in the Thr ead Tu torials at wwwjsvsworidcnm, handling threads can quickly become quite complex. Users who have to do complex thread programming should check out the Bank Accounts application in Ivor Horton's BeginningJava 2. It is important to know the basics around threads because users will be using them in applets and GUI programming. But again, be cautioned: thread programming— especially sharing of common resources like memory, disk space, queues, and loggias (aB of which are limited resources with potentially unlimited users) — require great programming Bnesse and skill So users are advised to be aware of the power and the

limits to threads in their Java programming. C3 JacquesSurreyer issconsultant andphotographer, hecanbe reachanat jbsurv@ihePhntnfinishas.cntn

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TRAINI NG >

Welcome to wireless U Cost savings, and the benefits of 'no new wires' push institutions toward wireless networking By TemVeneBS entennial College's(www. ceatennisl -

colege.ca) recent plans to build a wirelesscampus in Scarborough, Ont. is part of a growing trend among Canadian post-secondary institutions to use wireless technologies. The Centennial College project is part of a st rategic alliance between Centennial and two high-tech compa-

nies, Compaq Canada (www .compaq.ca) and Avaya Canada (wwwavaya.corn). During thegroundbreakingceremonyat the Centennial College conference centre last fall, Compaq representative Victor Garcia offered to "give people a

glimpse of what a wireless campus would look like." Garcia, who is the managing prinripal for Compaq Global Services in Canada, notetk "We call this adding the I to the three Rs" (the I being

„Click Here

the Internet, and the three Rs being fmm. And that can be sitting in a park, reading, writing, and arithmetic). in a library, or a cofyeeshop." Following the ceremony, a demonstraCentennial College is not the only tion using a Compaq server and an post-secondary institution installing Avaya voice-over-IP server showed how wireless networks for the students and students would be able to accessthe colfaculty, and the reasons for the attraclege'sservers or the Internet using a varition to this technology are based on both ety of wireless devices. budgetary and architectural preservaGarcia said the wireless campus nettion concerns. work would allow students to accessan Chrisann Merriman, solutions marelectronic blackboard, learning sites. keting manager with Rochester, N.H.online course listings, grades, and other based Enterasys N etworks I n c. services that are expected to promote (wwwentemsts.com)says many post-se«better and faster communications ondary institutions are turning to wirebetween students and facuhy. less networks because of the cost savings "How we study has changed," Garcia it ofFers. It has been suggested that a said. "Before, we would go to a class- wireless network can be 20 to 30 times room, sit in that riass, take notes and cheaper than a standard wired network As welk campuses with older, historithen go to our dorm room to work and study. Today, we need to have access to cal buildings are limited in how much information from wherever we are and they can or want to physically alter where we are comfortable studying buildings in order to install a traditional wired network "For historical reasons they can't really gouge through walls or afFect the look and feel of a particular building in order to put in Internet access," Memman says. "But students are looking for ubiquitous Internet accemalong with the fac* ~ ulty. The best alternative is to wirelessly enable the campus."

terloo.a) in Waterloo Ont. finding ways to incorporate wireless networking into the regtdar classroom experience. "Simon Fraser is doing a pilot project with their student teachers so they can better prepare the teachers in how to use technology in the riassroom," Merriman

adds. For sometime, U of T has beendeveloping a wireless network across its downtown St. George campus, as well as in various parts of its campus in subur-

ban Scarborough. Norman Houseiy, manager of network desi(pi, implementation and services with U of T, says the network can handle up to 2,000 concurrent sessions. To date. he has seen up to 430 users accessing the network simultaneously, but he expects that to change as more students learn of the network and as more professorsbegin to incorporate the network as a regular part of the classroom experience and teaching process. U o f T' s R otman School o f Management (www.ra!man.utoionto.ca) has mandated that all of its students have a notebook PC with wireless capabiTities. Professors will be making more of their

t o A i m f o r t h e To p I MISc — Inform a t i o n S y s t e m s Online Flexible admission Work while you learn

course materials, supplementary readings, and additional lecture notes avail-

Enterasys has been working with the

able wirelessly through secure servers.

University of Toronto (U of T , at www.utolontoxa) in its wireless rogout. It has also been with Simon Fraser University (wwwsht.ca)in Burnaby, B.C. and the University of Waterloo(www.uws-

And New York's Ho(stra University (wwwhofstm.edu)is using its wireless network to give law students access to upto-date legal information I'rom laptops and wirelessdevices while in class. Cl

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