62 FIRE STATION 62 AS A NATIONAL PRESERVE ADE 522 | SPRING 2020 | PROFESSOR DR. ED SOLTERO | DOUGLAS LUSSON
CONTENTS 3
FIRE STATION AS A NATIONAL PRESERVE
4
RESEARCH: SITE INFLUENCES + LIFE OF A FIREFIGHTER + INSPIRATIONS
5
SITE VIEWS
6
LAYOUT SKETCHES
7
SITE ANALYSIS
8
PROGRAM
9
MODEL AND SUN STUDIES
10
CIRCULATION + EGRESS
11
FLOOR PLANS (LOWER LEVEL TRAINING CENTER + APPARATUS BAY)
12
FLOOR PLANS (UPPER LEVEL TRAINING CENTER + APPARATUS BAY)
13
FLOOR PLANS (LIVING QUARTERS + SLEEPING QUARTERS)
14
SECTIONS + REGENERATION + PASSIVE HEATING AND COOLING
15
ELEVATIONS + MATERIALS
16
STRUCTURAL: 3D VIEW + ROOF PLANS + SECTIONS
17
BUILDING SKIN + WALL DETAILS
18
ENVIRONMENTAL + MECHANICAL
19
SLEEPING QUARTERS + STUDY SECTION
20
ENGAGEMENTS + TRAINING
21
RESPITE
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There is nothing so American as our national parks. The scenery and the wildlife are native. The fundamental idea behind the parks is that the country belongs to the people, that it is in process of making for the enrichment of the lives of all of us. - Franklin D. Roosevelt
FIRE STATION 62 AS A NATIONAL PRESERVE Fire Station 62 as a National Preserve is created in the spirit of National Parks. The site is located on the border of the Phoenix South Mountain Preserve and shares its natural beauty. A rugged hiking trail and wash - etched over time - transverse the eastern half of the site and serve as a reminder of the destructive forces of humankind and nature. Humankind is the most adept and aggressive species to adapt the environment to its needs. The design response seeks to preserve, leverage and co-exist with nature. Buildings required to touch the earth shall be of the earth, while others shall float above. Strategies include: •
Implement passive heating and cooling strategies.
•
Leverage renewable resources.
•
Let views and nature flow.
•
Celebrate the Sonoran Desert sensory experiences.
•
Create a respite from occupational stress.
•
Facilitate community engagement.
Trailhead view to the North, Site and South Mountain Preserve
“Trailhead - A point at which the journey begins.” - Merriam-Webster
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RESEARCH: SITE INFLUENCES + LIFE OF A FIREFIGHTER + INSPIRATIONS
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TEXTURES + COLORS + SHADOWS
WILDLIFE + SOUNDS
FLORA + SCENTS
ENGAGEMENT
FIRST AID + RESCUE
STRESS MANAGEMENT
OF THE EARTH
FLOATING
ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS
SITE VIEWS
19TH AVE CHANDLER BLVD
AHWATUKEE
300 FT
SITE
NORTH
SOUTH
WEST
EAST |5
LAYOUT SKETCHES LIVING QUARTERS
TRAINING CENTER
SLEEPING QUARTERS
APPARATUS BAY LIVING QUARTERS
INITIAL LAYOUT ITERATIONS FOCUSED ON THE PROXIMITY OF PROGRAM SPACES AS TYPICALLY SEEN IN DENSE URBAN AREAS. A SUBSEQUENT FIELD INVESTIGATION INSPIRED CHANGES TO LEARN FROM AND MINIMIZE THE IMPACT ON THE EXISTING ECOSYSTEM.
TRAINING CENTER
MIDTERM ITERATIONS SEPARATED THE PROGRAM SPACES, ORDERING FROM PUBLIC TO PRIVATE TO ENGAGE THE TRAIL AND FLOAT. THE CRESCENT LAYOUT MAXIMIZED VIEWS BUT CREATED EXCESSIVE EXPOSURE TO THE WESTERN SUN.
SLEEPING QUARTERS
FINAL ITERATIONS EXPLORED INCREASING THE BUILDING SEPARATION TO SUBORDINATE TO THE DESERT FORMATIONS, ALIGN TO THE SOUTH FOR SHADING AND STEP UP THE SLOPE. REDUNDANT BUT CLEAR PATHS PROVIDE FOR EFFICIENT CIRCULATION.
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SLEEPING QUARTERS
APPARATUS BAY
LIVING QUARTERS
TRAINING CENTER
APPARATUS BAY
SITE ANALYSIS CLIMATE CONSULTANTS 2030 PALETTE STRATEGIES • LONG AXIS FACING SOUTH • CLIMATE-RESPONSIVE BUILDING FACADE • HIGH MASS WALLS WITH INSULATION • SOLAR SHADING • FORM FOR COOLING • FORM FOR DAYLIGHTING • STACKED VENTILATION
1 24
0
SLEEPING QUARTERS VIEWS
LIVING QUARTERS
DRY WASH TRAINING CENTER
APPARATUS BAY
1230
R ODE (((M
ATE
NOIS TRAFFIC
E)))
BUS STOP 27 MIN WALK >
0
R DLE
20
60 FT
D
BLV
N
CHA
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PROGRAM GROSS AREA TRAINING CENTER UPPER DECK PATIO CLIMBING WALL
ENTRY WC ASSEMBLY ROOM
DIVIDE FOR PROGRAM APPARATUS BAY
ORGANIZE PUBLIC TO PRIVATE ENGAGE THE TRAIL VOID FOR VIEWS
APPARATUS BAY TURNOUT STORAGE MPE DE-CON GENERATOR
INSIDE STORAGE EMS SCBA/HOSE IDC OUTSIDE STORAGE
LIVING QUARTERS LOBBY WC MPE OFFICES LIBRARY
THICKEN + FLOAT + BEND HARVEST REGENERATIVE LIGHT, WIND, WATER
WATCH/RADIO DAY ROOM DINING ROOM KITCHEN WEIGHT ROOM
SLEEPING QUARTERS WC - SHOWERS DORMS
LAUNDRY CAPTAIN DORMS
RESPITE
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MODEL AND SUN STUDIES
LINEAR + DENSE
BENT AXIS + CLOSER TO TRAIL
MULTIPLE TRAINING ROOMS
SOUTH ELEVATION PRELIMINARY DESIGNS EXPLORED THE USE OF ONE STRUCTURE ALONG THE TRAIL. THE LARGE MASS DOMINATED THE SITE AND OBSCURED VIEWS. FUTURE ITERATIONS SPLIT THE PROGRAM INTO SEPARATE BUILDINGS TO FLOAT AND CREATE VOIDS FOR VIEWS.
NORTH ELEVATION |9
CIRCULATION + EGRESS
I
J K 11 10 9 8
TO RESPITE AND TRAILS
F
7 G
6 5
H
4 1 2 C
DW
3
WH
EA N I L CH T A M
A
UP
D B
E
Pedestrian Vehicle Out WH
LVD
Vehicle In
LOWER LEVEL Open to Below
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A INE L CH T A M
B ER L D N CHA
UPPER LEVEL
0
20
40
80 FT
FLOOR PLANS
9
+ -1’-0”
TRAINING CENTER
8
APPARATUS BAY
17
1. Training Room 2. Lobby 3. WC 4. Climbing Wall
5. Apparatus Bay 6. Generator 7. Outside Storage 8. Mechanical 9. Electrical 10. EMS Storage 11. Turnout Storage 12. Mud Room 13. Decontamination 14. SCBA/Hose Storage 15. IDC 16. Entry 17. Parking 18. Memorial
F
17 7
G
6 5
12
A
4
13
1
6 2
4
C
3
7
14
5
UP
8
3
+ 0’-0”
2
A
16
9 10
D
+ 0’-0” 11
E LIN
1
18
15
A
CH T A M
A
B
H
E
17
+ -1’-0”
LOWER LEVEL
+ -1’-0”
ND CHA
B LER
LVD 0
15
30
60 FT
| 11
FLOOR PLANS 19. Sky Deck 20. Outside Storage 21. Mezzanine Storage
20
21
A
Open to Below
Shade Screen Above
UPPER LEVEL | 12
I NE L CH T A M
19 20
0
15
30
60 FT
FLOOR PLANS 16
LIVING QUARTERS
15
22. Gray Water/Rain Treatment 23. Wetlands 24. Lobby 25. WC 26. Alternative Response 27. Captain Office 28. Library 29. Janitor Closet 30. Mechanical 31. Electrical 32. Radio Room 33. Watch Room 34. Day Room 35. Dining Room 36. Kitchen 37. Fitness Room 38. Covered Patio
C
14
44
45
13 12
46 C
47 DW
41
42 43
I
WH
40 J
22
39
K
11 10
23
9 8
SLEEPING QUARTERS
38 35
37
36
39. Community Deck 40. WC-Male Shower 41. Laundry 42. Mechanical/Storage 43. Dorm 44. Respite 45. Private Perch 46. Captain Dorm 47. WC-Female Shower
B
34
F
29 31 30 WH
32
A INE L CH MAT
33
24
25
26
27
27
28
7 G
H
UPPER LEVEL
EA N I HL C T MA
B
LOWER LEVEL
0
15
30
60 FT
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SECTIONS + REGENERATION + PASSIVE HEATING AND COOLING Day Room
Dining
Kitchen
Fitness Center
Gray/Rain Water Storage
Wetlands
LIVING QUARTERS - SECTION B-B
11 Hour Time Lag Damping
Comfort Zone
Internal F External F Day
Night
Storage Gangway
Day
Thermal Mass
Mezzanine Storage
33
Apparatus Bay
56 78
APPARATUS BAY - SECTION A-A | 14
0
10
30 FT
ELEVATIONS + MATERIALS TRAINING CENTER
Photovoltaic Array Public Sky Deck Climbing Wall
LIVING QUARTERS SLEEPING QUARTERS
APPARATUS BAY
Memorial Wetlands - Water Treatment Respite
EAST ELEVATION
LIVING QUARTERS
APPARATUS BAY
Public Entry
SOUTH ELEVATION 0
10
30 FT | 15
STRUCTURAL: 3D VIEW + ROOF PLANS + SECTIONS WP. WS. HC. EF. FP.
W-Shape Beam - Primary W-Shape Beam - Secondary HSS Hollow Steel Column Eccentric Footing Friction Pier
THE INITIAL STRUCTURAL SYSTEM EXPLORED A GLULAM BEAM AND TJI JOIST SYSTEM. THE W-SECTION STEEL MEMBERS PERMITTED LONGER SPANS WITH LESS VOLUME, HAVE A LONG LIFE AND CAN BE RECYCLED AND ARE NOT SUBJECT TO ATTACK BY PESTS WHEN WEIGHING THEIR CARBON FOOTPRINT.
WP WS HC
WP WS HC FP WP WS HC WP WS EF APPARATUS BAY
TRAINING CENTER
WS WP HC WP WS EF
| 16
0
LIVING QUARTERS
SLEEPING QUARTERS
WS WP HC WP EF
20
50 FT
BUILDING SKIN + WALL DETAILS
Weather Resistive Barrier
2.5” Rigid Insulation on Steel Deck
Copper Splash
W8x10
Gutter in Void through Beam
24 ga. Sheet Metal Panel
Perforated Copper Sheathing
W12x45
36”
8”21- 0”
16” Concrete Bond Beam + #5 Rebar
1/2” Interior Drywall
W12x45
5.5” Mineral Wool in Steel Studs 5/8” Exterior Drywall
10” Rammed Earth
Weather Resistive Barrier + Air Gap
3.5” Mineral Wool
Rammed Earth Veneer
10” Rammed Earth
4x4x3/8 Angle
10’ - 0”
Copper Water Table
14’ Bi-Fold Doors in Steel Frame
Copper Sill Pan
8”x8”x1/2” HSS Hollow Column
5” Composite Slab
Apparatus Bay Slab
Weather Resistive Barrier
Weather Resistive Barrier
C6x10.5
Driveway Slab
W12x58 0’ - 0”
1” Rigid Foam Insulation + Protection Board
Eccentric Footing -3’ - 6”
W16X57
Rammed Earth Veneer Wall - Friction Pier
Compacted Fill # 5 Rebar
6”x6”x1/2” HSS Hollow Column 0’ - 0”
Alpen Zenith Series 10 3/4” Steel Lintel
Alpen Zenith Series 10
7’ - 0”
W12x26 Sheet Metal Flashing
Screened Sheathing Vent
20’ - 0”
W8x10 5.5” Mineral Wool in Steel Studs
W12x26
22 - 0”
Copper Sheathing + Air Gap + 2.5” Rigid Insulation + Steel Deck + Screen
24 ga. Copper Sheathing + Air Gap
1.5”x10”x3/8 Angle
K
30’ - 0”
E
Shading Sand
Friction Pier
Stego Wrap
# 5 Rebar
Gravel Friction Pier
Rammed Earth Wall - Slab on Grade
0
2
6 FT | 17
ENVIRONMENTAL + MECHANICAL SPLIT-PACKAGED UNIT. ZONES BASED ON ORIENTATION. SIZED CALCULATED AT 300 SF (NON-STORAGE)/TON AND 20 BTUH PER SF. UNIT LOCATIONS SHOWN IN SITE PLAN.
Apparatus Bay - Hose and Turnout Storage and Decon therein - are at negative pressure. Training Center Apparatus Bay Living Quarters Sleeping Quarters
MECHANICAL LAYOUT
Sefaira Inputs
R-value and U-value Calculations 12” Copper Roof Assembly 24” Rammed Earth Wall 12” Rammed Earth Veneer Wall Triple Low-e Clear Windows Elevated Floors
R-40 R-20* R-25 U-0.32 R-10
* Dynamic R-30 based on temperature lag and damping
SEFAIRA ENERGY ANALYSIS | 18
Roofs Walls Windows Floors Electrical/Equipment
R-38 R-19 U-0.35 R-10 0.5 W/SF
2030 Palette Goal Result
25 kBTU/SF/YR 19 kBTU/SF/YR
2508 SF 8992 SF 4475 SF 3352 SF
8 Ton AC 26 Ton AC 15 Ton AC 12 Ton AC
50,000 Btuh 156,000 Btuh 89,500 Btuh 67,000 Btuh
SLEEPING QUARTERS - STUDY SECTION C-C
Private Perch
Sleeping Quarter
Engagement Deck
Hall Glass Floor
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ENGAGEMENT + TRAINING
| 20
RESPITE
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THANK YOU | DOUGLAS LUSSON | MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE STUDENT | ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY | DLUSSON1@ASU.EDU