BHARAT PRACHIN EANV AADHUNIK SHIKSHA PRANALI: EK GAHAN ADHYAYAN

Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language, Online ISSN 2348-3083, SJ IMPACT FACTOR 2021: 7.278, www.srjis.com PEER REVIEWED & REFEREED JOURNAL, AUG-SEPT, 2021, VOL-9/47

Hkkjrh; çkphu ,oa vk/kqfud f'k{kk ç.kkyh % ,d xgu v/;;u ch ds xqIrk1]

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izksQlj ,oa foHkkxk/;{k] f'k{kk 'kkL= foHkkx] tokgj yky usg: eseksfj;y] ih0th0 dkWyst] ckjkcadh 2'kks/k Nk=] tokgj yky usg:] eseksfj;y] ih0th0 dkWyst] ckjkcadh Paper Received On: 25 SEPT 2021 Peer Reviewed On: 30 SEPT 2021 Published On: 1 OCT 2021

Abstract

f'k{kk ,d ,slh çfØ;k gS tks euq"; dks vkfndky ls gh çHkkfor djrh vk;h gS vkSj euq"; us f'k{kk ds }kjk vius gh lekt vkSj laL—fr fodkl fd;k gSA ftldk ifj.kke vkt dk vk/kqfud lekt gSA f'k{kk le;] lekt] laL —fr vkSj ns'k dh HkkSxksfyd ifjfLFkfr ds vuqlkj cnyrh jgh gS fdUrq vkt gekjh f'k{kk O;oLFkk ,slh gks x;h gS] tgk¡ ge f'k{kk dk vFkZ fdlh Ldwy dkyst ;k fo'ofo|ky; esa tkdj fofHkUu fo"k;ksa dh nl ;k chl&rhl iqLrdsa v/;kidksa ls i<+ ysuk gh le>rs gSaA ftl O;fä us bl fu;r ikBîØe ds vuqlkj ftruh vf/kd iqLrdsa i<+h gSa vkSj ftruh Å¡ph ijh{kk,a ikl dh gSa og gekjh –f"V esa mruk gh vf/kd f'kf{kr ;k fo}ku gSA vktdy yksxksa dk ;gh fopkj gS fd tks O;fä v{kjksa ls ifjfpr ugha gS vkSj ,d ;k dbZ Hkk"kkvksa dks fy[kus i<+us dh ;ksX;rk ugha j[krk og dnkfi f'kf{kr ugha dgk tk ldrk gSA ijUrq gekjh çkphu Hkkjrh;f'k{kk O;oLFkk ,slh u Fkh mlesa fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks dsoy fdlh ,d fo|k dh f'k{kk ugha nh tkrh Fkh cfYd mUgsa f'k{kk 'kkjhfjd ekufld] ckSf)d rFkk vk/;kfRed 'kfä;ksa ds fodkl dh f'k{kk nh tkrh Fkh ftlls os vius thou esa fdlh Hkh dfBukbZ dk lkeuk dj ldas fdUrq vkt dh f'k{kk ,slk djus esa vleFkZ gSA ch- lju us dgk gS dh] pkgs fdrus Hkh vPNs fnu D;ksa u vk;s rc rd ekr`Hkwfe dk eq[ke.My u pedsxk tc rd dh Hkkjr dh laL—fr cksy u mBsxh taxyksa ds xq:dqyksas esa fuokl djus okys _f"k;ksa dh Hkk"kk esa tkxdj u dgsxh dh mez vykSfdd lan's k vkSj f'k{kk dks QSykvks xq:dqy ç.kkyh ds fl)kar lnSo vkSj loZ= xzg.kh; gS çR;sd ns'k vkSj çR;sd ifjfLFkfr esa vkt gekjh f'k{kk fdlh v/ksjh xqQk esa vius jkLrs ls HkVd x;h gSA ,slk D;ksa\ vr% gesa viuh vk/kqfud f'k{kk esa dqN fn'kk ,oa n'kk ifjorZu djus dh vko';drk gSA ftls ge bl ys[k ds ek/;e ls –f"Vikfnr djus dk ç;Ru dj jgs gSA Keywords: çkphu Hkkjrh; f'k{kk] vk/kqfud f'k{k.k] xq#dqy ç.kkyh] fo|ky;h f'k{kkA Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com

çLrkouk ek¡ ljLorh dh oUnuk ls ysdj xq#dqy esa ;ksX; xq#vksa ls] ekSf[kd f'k{kk ikus okys bl ns'k esa f'k{kk dk fdruk egRo gS ;g loZ fofnr gSA ;|fi lekt ds o.kZ O;oLFkk ij vk/kkfjr gksus ds dkj.k gj oxZ dks f'k{kk ikus dk vf/kdkj çkIr ugha FkkA /khjs&/khjs lekt esa ifjorZu vk;k vkSj o.kZ O;oLFkk dk fojks/k gksus yxkA vkt ds lekt esa f'k{kk dk vf/kdkj ekSfyd vf/kdkj cu x;k gSA Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds vuqlkj gj ukxfjd dks f'k{kk ikus dk vf/kdkj gS pkgs og fdlh Hkh tkfr ;k Copyright © 2021, Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language

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/keZ dk gksA orZeku esa lekt dk <kapk ,slk cu x;k gS] fd ftlds ikl lk/ku gSa ogh f'k{kk vkSj fo'ks"k:i ls vPNh f'k{kk çkIr dj ldrk gSA ns'k esa rsth ls c<+ jgh tula[;k ds dkj.k f'k{kk ikus okyksa ds vuqikr esa vf'kf{kr yksxksa dh la[;k vc Hkh cgqr T;knk gSA f'k{kk Lrj dks mUur djus ds fy, igyk vk;ksx 1948&49 esa jk/kk—".ku vk;ksx ds uke ls xfBr gqvk FkkA blds ckn o"kZ 1952 esa nwljk vk;ksx xfBr gqvk bl vk;ksx dks eqnkfy;j vk;ksx dk uke fn;k x;kA buesa jk/kk—".ku vk;ksx us fo'ofo|ky;h; f'k{kk {ks= esa dke fd;k tcfd eqnkfy;j vk;ksx us ek/;fed f'k{kk ij dke fd;kA blds ckn dbZ f'k{kk vk;ksx xfBr fd;s x;sA f'k{kk vk;ksxksa dh 'kq:vkr gh xyr rjhds ls gqbZ Fkh D;ksafd igyk vk;ksx fo'ofo|ky;h; f'k{kk ij fopkj djus ds fy, xfBr fd;k x;k FkkA tcfd mls çkFkfed f'k{kk ds fy, ;fn xfBr fd;k tkrk rks 'kk;n vxys vk;ksxksa dh lkFkZdrk c<+rhA f'k{kk dks O;kolk;hdj.k djus dh flQkfj'k lcls igys dksBkjh vk;ksx us dh FkhA bl vk;ksx us 1964&66 ds chp dk;Z fd;kA ns'k esa ;fn f'k{kk dks c<+kok nsuk gS rks gesa viuh f'k{kk uhfr esa Hkkjh cnyko ykuk gksxkA f'k{kk ,d O;kid fo"k; gSA ftles f'k{kk dk foLrkj cgqr cM+s Lrj ij gSA gekjs ;gk¡ f'k{kk dk egRo cl ;gh gS fd ftlus 5&10 fdrkcsa Ldwy tkdj gksus v/;kid ls iM+ yh rks le>k tk;sxk dh oks f'kf{kr gSA vkSj ftlus ftruh vf/kd Ldwy d‚yst tkdj vius v/;kid ls f'k{kk yh oks mruk gh vf/kd f'kf{kr gSA vktdy yksxks dk ;gh ekuuk gS tks O;fä v{kjksa ls ifjfpr gS oks f'kf{kr gSA vkSj ftldks v{kjksa dk Kku ugha oks gekjs ;gka vf'kf{kr gSA eryc fdrkch f'k{kk gksuk gekjs ns'k esa vko';d ekuk tkrk gS vkSj tks ;g ;ksX;rk ugha j[krh dnkfi f'kf{kr ugha dgykrk gSA okLro esa f'k{kk dk laidZ Ldwyh iBu &] ikBu ls T;knk ugha gS vktdy f'k{kk dk vFkZ dksbZ vPNh lh ukSdjh djuk gS vFkok tks vPNs is'ks ds }kjk thfodk vtZu djuk le>k tkrk gS] D;ksafd bu lHkh dkeks es fy[kuk i<+uk vfuok;Z gksrk gS blfy, vktdy bu dkeksa esa lQy okys O;fä gh f'kf{kr le>s tkrs gSA ge f'k{kk i)fr dks nks :iksa esa o.kZu djsx a s oSls rks dbZ çdkj dh f'k{kk i)fr gS ij ge bls nks oxksZ esa ckaVdj o.kZu djsx a s& 1. çkphu f'k{kk i)fr 2. uohu f'k{kk i)fr çkphu f'k{kk i)fr gekjh çkphu Hkkjrh; lH;rk fo'o dh lokZf/kd jkspd rFkk egÙoiw.kZ lH;rkvksa esa ,d gSA bl lH;rk ds leqfpr Kku ds fy, çkphu f'k{kk i)fr dk v/;;u djuk vko';d gS ftlus bl lH;rk dks pkj gtkj o"kksaZ ls Hkh vf/kd le; rd lqjf{kr j[kk] mldk çpkj&çlkj fd;k rFkk Copyright © 2021, Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language

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mlesa la'kks/ku fd;kA çkphu Hkkjrh;ksa us f'k{kk dks vR;f/kd egÙo çnku fd;kA oSfnd ;qx ls gh bls çdk'k dk lzksr ekuk x;k tks ekuo thou ds fofHkUu {ks=ksa dks vkyksfdr djrs gq, mls lgh fn'kk&funsZ'k nsrk gSA çkphu Hkkjrh;ksa dk ;g –<+ fo'okl Fkk fd f'k{kk }kjk çkIr ,oa fodflr dh xbZ cqf) gh euq"; dh okLrfod 'kfä gksrh gSA çkphu Hkkjrh;ksa dh –f"V esa f'k{kk euq"; ds loakZaxh.k fodkl dk lk/ku FkhA bldk mís'; ek= iqLrdh; Kku çkIr djuk ugha Fkk] vfirq euq"; ds LokLF; dk Hkh fodkl djuk FkkA çkphu fopkjdksa dh –f"V esa f'k{kk euq"; ds lkFk vkthou pyus okyh oLrq gSA gekjh çkphu f'k{kk ç.kkyh uSfrdrk ls ifjiw.kZ FkhA euqLe`fr esa of.kZr gS fd ^lHkh osnksa dk Kkrk fo}ku Hkh lPpfj=rk ds vHkko esa Js"B ugha gS] fdarq dsoy xk;=h ea= dk Kkrk iafMr Hkh ;fn og pfj=oku gS rks Js"B dgykus ;ksX; gSA* iqjkru Hkkjrh; f'k{kk ç.kkyh esa fo|kFkhZ ds fy, f'k{kk dh O;oLFkk dqN bl çdkj dh xbZ Fkh fd çkjaHk ls gh mls lPpfj= gksus dh çsj.kk feyrh Fkh vkSj og rnuqlkj vius dks fodflr djrk FkkA og xq#dqy esa vkpk;Z ds lkfUu/; esa jgrk FkkA vkpk;Z u dsoy fo|kFkhZ dh ckSf)d çxfr dk /;ku j[krk Fkk] vfirq mlds uSfrd vkpj.k dh Hkh fuxjkuh djrk FkkA og bl ckr dk /;ku j[krk Fkk fd fo|kFkhZ fnu&çfrfnu ds thou esa f'k"Vkpkj ,oa lnkpkj ds fu;eksa dk ikyu djsA fo|kFkhZ ds le{k egkiq#"kksa o egku ukfj;ksa ds mPp pfj= dk vkn'kZ çLrqr fd;k tkrk Fkk ftlls mlds pfj= fuekZ.k esa çsj.kk feyrh FkhA çkphu f'k{kk i)fr dks fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds pfj= fuekZ.k ds y{; dks iwjk djus esa lQyrk feyh FkhA blds }kjk f'kf{kr fo|kFkhZ dkykarj esa pfj=oku ,oa vkn'kZ ukxfjd curs FksA Hkkjr dh ;k=k ij vkus okys fons'kh ;kf=;ks& a eSxLFkuht] gq,ulkax vkfn lHkh us ;gka ds yksxksa ds uSfrd pfj= ds leqUur gksus dk çek.k çLrqr fd;k gSA çkphu f'k{kk dk ,d mís'; fo|kFkhZ dks O;fäRo ds fodkl dk iwjk volj çnku djuk FkkA Hkkjrh; O;oLFkkdkjksa us O;fäRo dks nckus dk dHkh Hkh ç;kl ugha fd;kA dqN fo}ku ,slk lksprs gSa fd ;gka dh f'k{kk i)fr esa dBksj vuq'kklu ds }kjk fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds O;fäRo dks nck fn;k x;k] ftlls mudk leqfpr fodkl ugha gks ldkA çkphu f'k{kk i)fr esa fo|kFkhZ ds ckSf)d fodkl ds lkFk&lkFk 'kkjhfjd fodkl dk Hkh iwjk /;ku j[kk x;k FkkA f'k{kk ds }kjk fo|kFkhZ esa vkRe&lEeku] vkRe&fo'okl] vkRe&la;e] foosd&'kfä] U;k;&'kfä vkfn xq.kksa dk mn; gksrk Fkk tks mlds O;fäRo dks fodflr djus esa lgk;d FksA fo|kFkhZ dks Hkfo"; dh fpark ugha lrkrh FkhA mlds fuokZg dk mÙkjnkf;Ro lekt vius da/kksa ij ogu djrk FkkA Nk= dk y{; Li"V ,oa lqfuf'pr FkkA ;fn og O;kolkf;d f'k{kk xzg.k djrk rks mldh o`fÙk iwoZ fu/kkZfjr FkhA ;fn og /kkfeZd f'k{kk xzg.k djrk rks Hkh fu/kZurk mlds ekxZ esa ck/kd ugha FkhA mldh vko';drk,a lhfer gksrh Fkha rFkk lekt mudh iwfrZ djrk FkkA

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fo|kFkhZ lknk thou ,oa mPp fopkj dk vkn'kZ lkeus j[krk FkkA vkRela;e ,oa vkRekuq'kklu dh ço`fÙk;ka Hkh O;fäRo ds fuekZ.k esa lgk;d gksrh FkhaA mls vius bafæ;ksa dh mPN`a[ky ço`fÙk;ksa ij fu;a=.k j[kuk iM+rk FkkA vkgkj] fogkj] oL=] vkpj.k vkfn lHkh dks mls fu;fer djuk gksrk FkkA 'kq)rk ,oa lknxh mlds thou ds eq[; /;s; FksA Hkkjrh; fpardksa us fo|kFkhZ dh ço`fÙk;ksa ,oa Hkkoukvksa dks vuko';d nckus dk ç;kl ugha fd;kA vkRe&fu;a=.k ,oa vkRekuq'kklu ls mudk rkRi;Z ;Fkksfpr ,oa ;Fkko';d vkgkj] fogkj] oL=kHkj.k] fuæk] 'k;u vkfn ls FkkA blls fo|kFkhZ dks mPN`a[ky gksus ls cpk;k tkrk FkkA v/;kid fo|kFkhZ dks çrkfM+r djus ds ctk; çse ,oa ln~Hkkouk }kjk lUekxZ esa ço`Ùk djrk FkkA çkphu Hkkjrh; f'k{kk dk mís'; lkekftd lq[k ,oa fuiq.krk dks çksRlkgu çnku djuk Hkh FkkA dsoy laL—fr vFkok ekufldrk vkSj ckSf)d 'kfä;ksa dks fodflr djus ds fy, gh f'k{kk ugha nh tkrh Fkh] vfirq bldk eq[; /;s; fofHkUu m|ksxksa] O;olk;ksa vkfn esa yksxksa dks n{k cukuk FkkA Hkkjrh; f'k{kk i)fr us lnSo ;g mís'; vius le{k j[kk fd ubZ ih<+h ds ;qodksa dks muds vkuqoaf'kd O;olk;ksa esa dq'ky cuk;k tk,A lHkh çdkj ds dk;ksaZ ds fy, f'k{kk nsus dh O;oLFkk çkphu Hkkjr esa FkhA dk;Z foHkktu ds }kjk fofHkUu f'kYiksa vkSj O;olk;ksa esa yksx fuiq.krk çkIr djus yxs ftlls lkekftd çxfr dks cy feyk rFkk lekt esa larqyu Hkh cuk jgkA vk;Z tkfr dh f'k{kk dk eq[; mís'; oSfnd lkfgR; dks lqjf{kr cuk, j[kuk FkkA Hkkjr esa osn rFkk vU; /keZ xzaFk ftl çdkj ls vkt rd thfor gSa] mldh lerk fdlh vU; lH;rk esa ns[kus dks ugha feyrh gSA bl çdkj çkphu Hkkjrh; f'k{kk i)fr ds mís'; vR;ar mPp dksfV ds FksA f'k{kk laca/kh çkphu Hkkjrh;ksa dk –f"Vdks.k ek= vkn'kZoknh gh ugha] vfirq vf/kdka'k va'kksa esa O;kogkfjd Hkh FkkA ;g O;fä dks lkalkfjd thou dh dfBukb;ksa ,oa leL;kvksa ds lek/kku ds fy, loZFkk mi;qä cukrh FkhA f'k{kk lekt lq/kkj dk loksZÙke ek/;e FkhA okRL;k;u ds dkelw= esa 64 dykvksa dk mYys[k feyrk gS ftudk v/;;u lqlaL—r efgyk ds fy, vfuok;Z crk;k x;k gSA ;s ikdfo|k] 'kkjhfjd çlk/ku] laxhr] u`R;] fp=dyk] lQkbZ] flykbZ&d<+kbZ] O;k;ke] euksjatu vkfn ls lacaf/kr gSaA dkelw= ds vfrfjä dknEcjh] 'kqØuhfrlkj] yfyrfoLrj vkfn esa Hkh 64 dykvksa dk mYys[k feyrk gSA çkphu Hkkjrh; f'k{kk i)fr dk ,d çeq[k rÙo xq#dqy O;oLFkk jgh gSA blesa fo|kFkhZ vius ?kj ls nwj xq# ds ?kj ij fuokl dj f'k{kk çkIr djrk FkkA xq# ds lehi jgrs gq, fo|kFkhZ mlds ifjokj dk ,d lnL; gks tkrk Fkk rFkk xq# mlds lkFk iq=or O;ogkj djrk FkkA ifjokj ds okrkoj.k ls nwj jgus ds dkj.k mlesa vkRe&fuHkZjrk dh Hkkouk fodflr gksrh FkhA vkt gesa xq#dqy tSlh xq.kiw.kZ f'k{kk O;oLFkk dks nksckjk thoar djus dh t:jr gSA orZeku f'k{kk ç.kkyh gesa vlaons u'khy cuk jgh gSA ubZ f'k{kk uhfr ;fn blesa Hkkjrh;rk dk iqV ykus esa dke;kc gksrh gS rks ;g vius vki esa ,d vHkwriwoZ 'kS{kf.kd la;ksx gksxk Copyright © 2021, Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language

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uohu f'k{kk i)fr gekjs ns'k esa jk"Vh; f'k{kk uhfr 1986 esa cukbZ xbZ FkhA vkSj 1992 esa la'kksf/kr gks xbZ FkhA rcls ysdj vc rd bl fufr esa cnyko gq, bldh dqN fo'ks"krk,a gS& ¼1½ cpiu dh ns[kHkky ¼2½ f'k{kk dk vf/kdkj ¼3½ Ldwy ijh{kk esa lq/kkj ¼4½ f'k{kd çca/kd ¼5½ f'k{kk ds {ks= esa vkbZ -lh-Vh¼6½ O;olkbd f'k{kk vkSj çf'k{k.k ¼7½ fodykax f'k{kk ¼8½ çkS<+ f'k{kk ¼9½ #d tkuk ugha bl çdkj vxj f'k{kk ds {ks= esa dbZ cnyko fd;s x, gS] ljdkj pkgrh gS dh gekjs ns'k esa dksbZ Hkh O;fä vf'kf{kr uk gks mlds fy, mlus dbZ uhfr;ksa dk dk;Zoj.k fd;k gS ] blesa vHkh gky gh esa #d tkuk ugha ,d uhfr cukbZ tks mu Nk=ks ds fy, gS tks fdlh u fdlh dkj.k viuh i<+kbZ chp esa gh NksM+ nsrs gS ;k ijh{kk ikl ugha dj ikrs gSaA lu~ 1964 & 1975 rd f'k{kk laEc/kh vk;ksx dk xBu fd;k x;k ftleas 1986 esa f'k{kk i)fr ykxw dh xbZ bls gh ge ubZ orZf'kdk i)fr dg ldrs gSa blesa dbZ iwoZdkyhu f'k{kk laEc/kh fo"kerkvksa dks nwj djus dk ç;kl fd;k x;k gS vkSj ubZ f'k{kk uhfr;ksa ij çdk'k Mkyk x;k gS -tks dkQh gn rd lQy Hkh gSA milagkj ;fn ns[kk tk;s rks gekjs ns'k esa pkgs fdrus Hkh cnyko fd;s x, gksA ij f'k{kk i)fr çkfpu Hkh ;ksX; Fkh vkSj uohu Hkh tgk¡ çkphu i)fr esa Hkkjr fo'oxq: dgykrk FkkA fo}kuksa us f'k{kk dks çdk'kL=ksr ] var–Zf"V ] vartZ~;ksfr ] Kkup{kq vkSj rhljk us= vkfn miukeks ls foHkwf"kr fd;k gSA ml ;qx dh ;s ekU;rk Fkh dh ftl çdkj va/kdkj dks nwj djus ds fy, çdk'k dh vko';drk gksrh gSA mlh çdkj O;fä ds lc la'k;ks vkSj eeksZ dks nwj djus ds fy, f'k{kk vko';d gSA mlh çdkj uohu f'k{kk i)fr esa gekjk Hkkjr 15 vxLr 1947 dks vktkn gqvk FkkA gekjs d.kZ/kkjksa dk /;ku ubZ f'k{kk ç.kkyh ij x;k vkSj muds vuqlkj fczfV'k f'k{kk ç.kkyh gekjh f'k{kk ç.kkyh ds fy, vuqdwy ugha FkhA xka/kh th us dgk dh f'k{kk ls cPps dk 'kkjhfjd] ekufld vkSj uSfrd f'k{kk ls fodkl

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djuk gSA rFkk mUgksaus fczfV'k f'k{kk ç.kkyh esa lq/kkj fd;k vkSj dbZ lfefr;ksa cukbZ tks dh f'k{kk dks ,d u;k vk;ke ns ldasA bl çdkj vxj ns[ks rks tgk¡ iqjkuh i)fr esa Nk= fd xq#dqy esa tkdj 'kkar ekgkSy esa f'k{kk xzg.k djrk FkkA ogh vkt uohu f'k{kk i)fr esa Nk= ns'k ds ckgj tkdj f'k{kk çkIr djds vius ns'k esa mldk ç;ksx djrk gSA bl çdkj igys ds xq# gks ;k vkt ds f'k{kd nksuksa dk gh edln vius f'k";ksa dks vPNh f'k{kk nsuk rFkk vPNk Kku nsuk gSA mudk ,d gh y{; gksuk pkfg, dh mudk Nk= vPNk Kku vftZr dj lds f'k{kk nsus dk dksbZ Hkh çdkj gks pkgs oks uohu i)fr gks ;k çkphu i)fr edln rks cl ,d gh gksuk pkfg, vPNh f'k{kk egRoiw.kZ f'k{kk gS uk dh dqN vkSjA lUnHkZ xzaFk lwph çkphu Hkkjrh; f'k{kk dh ç'kklfud O;oLFkk ¼PDF½- ewy ls 11 ebZ 2018 dks iqjkysf[kr ¼PDF½- vfHkxeu frfFk 11 ebZ 2018fnudj] vkj- flag ¼2015½] laL—fr ds pkj v/;k;] yksdHkkjrh çdk'ku igyh eafty] njckjh fcfYMax] egkRek xka/kh ekxZ bykgkckn 211001 nqcs] ,l- 'kjrsUnq ¼2007½] çkphu Hkkjr esa f'k{kk] 'kkjnk iqLrd Hkou] ifCy'klZ ,oa fMLVªhC;wVlZ 11- ;wfuoflZVh jksM bykgkckn 2110021 bZ-] Jh/kju ,oa cCyw] Hk- ¼2017½ ewY;ksa dh iqu% LFkkiuk] lst Hkk"kk ifCyds'kUl bf.M;k çkbosV fyfeVsM ch-1/ vkbZ &1 eksgu dksvkijsfVd baMfLVª;y ,fj;k eFkqjk jksM] u;h fnYyh 110044 xqIrk] ,l-ih- rFkk vYdk xqIrk ¼2015½] Hkkjrh; f'k{kk dk bfrgkl] fodkl ,oa leL;k,a] bykgkckn 'kkjnk iqLrd Hkou ifCy'klZ ,d fMLVªhC;wVlZ 11 ;wfuoflZVh jksM bykgkckn& 211002xqIrk ,l- ih- rFkk vYdk xqIrk ¼2008½] Hkkjrh; f'k{kk dk lQjukek bykgkckn 'kkjnk iqLrd Hkou ifCy'klZ ,aM fMLVªhC;wVlZ 11 ;wfuoflZVh jksM bykgkckn&211002 yky] vkj-ch- ¼2013½] Hkkjrh; f'k{kk dk fodkl ,oa mldh leL;k,a jLrksxh ifCyds'kUl] esjB& fnYyh ik.Ms;] vkj- ¼2013½] çkphu Hkkjr ds f'k{kk euh"kh] 'kkjnk iqLrd Hkou] ifCy'klZ ,oa fMLVªhC;wVlZ 11- ;wfuoflZVh jksM bykgkckn 211002

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