TVARIT TEEN TALAKH : MITHAK BANAM TATHYA

Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies, Online ISSN 2278-8808, SJIF 2021 = 7.380, www.srjis.com PEER REVIEWED & REFEREED JOURNAL, MAY-JUNE, 2022, VOL- 10/71

Rofjr rhu rykd % feFkd cuke rF; u'kjk QkRek1 & dqekj jktho jatu2, Ph. D. 1’kks/k

& Nk=k] Jh fp=xqIr ih-th- dkWyst] eSuiqjh 2,lksfl,V izksQslj & lekt 'kkL=] lekt 'kkL=& foHkkx] Jh fp=xqIr ih-th- dkWyst] eSuiqjh (lEc)% MkW0 Hkhejko vEcsMdj fo'ofo|ky;] vkxjk) Paper Received On: 22 JUNE 2022 Peer Reviewed On: 27 JUNE 2022 Published On: 28 JUNE 2022

Abstract

;g 'kks/k i= gky gh esa pfpZr fo"k; ^^rhu rykd ;k rykd&my&fcnRr** ij fyf[kr gS A ;g 'kks/k ys[k 'kjh;r ,oa dkuwu ds vk/kkj ij ifjHkkf"kr rykd&my&fcnRr dk ewy vFkZ ,oa mldh okLrfod izfØ;k dk ifjp; nsxk A 'kjh;r esa rykd ,oa fookg ds Lo:ikssa dks mudh egRoiw.kZ fo'ks"krkvksa ds lkFk o.kZu fd;k x;k gS rFkk lekt esa rykd ds izfr tks Hkzkafr;kW tUe yh gS] rykd dk eq[; dkj.k ,oa lekt esa Rofjr rhu rykd ds izfr lgh fu;e dks mtkxj djus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gS A ewy 'kCn&rhu rykd] 'kjh;r ,DV ¼eqfLye fookg vf/kdkj laj{k.k½] bLyke esa rykdA Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com

izLrkouk rykd ¼fookg foPNsn½ dks bLykeh dkuwu esa lcls voekuh ?k`.kkiw.kZ dk;Z ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k gS A bLyke rykd dks ,d izdkj ls nq"deZ ekurk gS ijUrq dHkh&dHkh fookfgr tksM+ksa ds e/; ,slh ifjfLFkfr;k¡ izdV gksrh gS fd muds e/; oSokfgd lEcU/k vfu"V ,oa vfiz; gks tkrs gSa rFkk bu rukoiw.kZ ifjLFkfr;ksa esa ,oa vizlUurk ds lkFk ,d lEcU/k esa jguk pqukSrhiw.kZ gks tkrk gS A rykd ¼fookg foPNsn½

dks bUlkbDyksihfM;k fczVsfudk esa ^^fookfgr lEcU/kksa dk Hkz"V gks tkuk**

crk;k x;k gSA ;g ml thou dk vfUre {k.k gS] tks fookfgr nEifRr O;rhr dj jgs Fks A rykd ¼fookg foPNsn½ ds ckjs esa lekt esa yksxksa dh xyr /kkj.kk,¡ gS A gj /keZ ds yksx pkgs og fgUnw gks ;k eqfLyeA rykd dks fdlh Hkh /keZ esa mfpr ugha le>k tkrk gS ijUrq fookfgr tksM+s viuh lgefr ls vyxko pkgrs gSa] rks rykd tSlh izFkk dks Lohdkj ysuk vuqi;qDr ugha gS A bLyke /keZ ds ckjs esa yksxksa dk fopkj gS fd bLyke fL=;ksa dks muds vf/kdkj ugha nsrkA L=h ges'kk Mjh gqbZ gksrh gS fd iq:"k dc mls fu%lgk;d NksM+ nsxk tcfd ,slk ugha gS A bLyke esa Copyright © 2022, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

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fookg nks yksxksa ds chp ,d le>kSrk gS vkSj tc ;g le>kSrk vlQy gksus yxs rks og rykd dk mik; dkuwuh ,oa 'kjh;r iz.kkyh ls ys ldrs gSa A bLyke esa rykd ¼fookg foPNsn½ bLyke esa rykd nsus ¼fookg foPNsn½ dh ,d iz.kkyh crkbZ xbZ gS ftlds vk/kkj ij ifr ,d le; esa ,d gh rykd ns ldrk gS A bLyke esa lwfpr fd;k x;k gS fd rykd ,d&,d djds nh tkuh pkfg, A ftlds e/; dqN le; dk vUrj gksxk vkSj bl dk;Ziz.kkyh dks xzg.k djds gh bLyke ds vuqlkj rykd gks ldrk gS A dqjku 'kjhQ esa rykd dk rjhdk crk;k x;k gS fd ,d fu.kZ; djus okyk 'kkSgj ds oa'k ls rFkk ,d choh ds oa'k ls izLrqr djs]a oks nksuksa feydj muesa vuqcU/k djkus dk iz;kl djsx a sA dqjku esa izLrqr fd;k x;k gS fd ;fn rqEgsa ifr&iRuh esa yM+kbZ dh vk'akdk gks rks ,d tt 'kkSgj dh rjQ ls ,oa ,d choh dh rjQ ls izLrqr djsa ;fn nEifRr vkilh le>kSrk pkgsx a s rks vYykg muds e/; iqufeZyu ¼lgefr½ djk nsxk] fu%lUnsg vYykg lc dqN tkurk gS vkSj lc dh tkudkjh j[kus okyk gS ¼lwjsg&fulk&35½A lwjsg rykd esa dgk x;k gS fd tc rd choh dh bn~nr dk le; [kRe u gks rc rd choh dks 'kkSgj ds ?kj ls u fudkyk tk;s vkSj u gh og Lo;a fudys dqjku esa ;g izfØ;k blfy, crkbZ xbZ gS ftlls ;g vis{kk dh tkrh gS nksuksa i{kksa ls dh og vkil esa 'kk;n le>kSrk dj ysa vkSj rykd tSlh dqizFkk dk fu.kZ; ysus ls bUdkj dj nsa A vxjp~ lgh ek;us esa ge bl izfØ;k ij /;ku lwfpr djsa rks Kkr gksxk fd ;g ,d rjg dh mRre ;qfDr ¼;kfu rjdhc½ gS ftlls rykd gksus ij jksd yx ldrh gS A ijUrq vkt le; esa /keZ dh vkM+ esa yksx xyr&xyr /kkfeZd Hkk"k.k nsrs gSa vkSj lkFk gh lkFk yksxksa dks xqejkg djrs gSaA dqjku esa vYykg us Qjek;k gS fd tc rqe enZ viuh chfo;ksa dks rykd nks vkSj choh tc bn~nr ds vkf[kjh le; ij gks rks rqe ;k rks mls jksd yks ;k fQj ,d lgh rjhds ls fonk dj nks ;fn fdlh Hkh dkj.ko'k rqeus mls fdlh Hkh izdkj dh {kfr igq¡pkus ds fopkj ls jksdk gS ;fn rqeesa ls dksbZ ,slk djrk gS rks og [kqn ij gh vR;kpkj djsxkA vxj 'kkSgj us choh dks jksdus dk fu.kZ; fy;k gS rks ;g fu.kZ; choh dks d"V nsus dk rFkk uk gh fdlh izdkj dh tksj tcjnLrh dk gksuk pkfg,A tcfd ;g QSlyk dsoy HkykbZ ds fy, gksuk pkfg, A

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¼lqjsg cdjkg&231½ bLyke esa rykd

ifr ds }kjk

iRuh ds }kjk

vkilh lgefr }kjk

U;kf;d eqfLye fookg fo?kVu vf/kfu;e 1939 }kjk

rykd

rykd&,&r¶oht

byk

[kqyk eqckjr

ftgj

Qfl[k

rykd &my&lqUur

,glu

fy;ku

glu

rykd&my&fcn~nr

yf[kr

ekSf[kd

rykd&,&,glu&bl rjg ds rykd esa ifr viuh iRuh dks ekSf[kd :i esa ,d rykd nsrk gS ftldh le; lhek 90 fnuksa dh gksrh gS bl le; ifr iRuh ds lkFk fdlh Hkh rjg dk 'kkjhfjd lEcU/k ugha j[k ldrk ;fn nksuksa esa lEcU/k cu x, rks rykd Lo;a gh vekU; gks tk;sxkA eqfLye lekt esa rykd&,&,glu dks ekU; vkSj lcls mfpr rjhdk le>k tkrk gS A rykd&,&glu&blesa rykd&,&,glu esa cksys x;s ,d rykd ds ckn ,d eghus dh bn~nr dh vof/k lekIr gksus ij ifr viuh iRuh dks nwljh ckj rykd nsrk gS vkSj lkFk gh lkFk vkilh lEcU/k Hkh ugha cuk ldrkA rykd&,&,glu rFkk rykd&,&glu nksuksa gh eqfLye lekt esa mfpr ,oa ekU; gSA eqfLye lekt esa dgk tkrk gS fd rykd&,&glu dh ekU;rk rykd&,&,glu ls de gS ijUrq ;g mfpr gS A rykd&my&fcnRr&rykd&my&fcnRr ftls fVªiy rykd dgk tkrk gS] gky gh esa bls vekU; ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k gS A rykd&,&vglu ds ckn nwljk rykd rykd&,&glu esa fn;k tkrk gS ,d&,d djds vkSj bl nkSjku ifr&iRuh esa le>kSrk ugha gksrk rks rhljk rykd rhljs Copyright © 2022, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

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eghus esa fn;k tkrk gS] ftls rykd&my&fcnRr dgrs gSa A bl rhljs rykd ds ckn ifr&iRuh dk 'kjh;r ds fglkc ls rykd gks tkrk gS A Hkkjr ds lqizhe dksVZ us rhu rykd dks vlaoS/kkfud ?kksf"kr fd;k gS A vxLr 2017 esa lqizhe dksVZ us rhu rykd dks xSj&dkuwuh dj fn;kA eqfLye efgykvksa ds rhu&rykd ls lEcfU/kr eqn~nksa ij jkeukFk dksfoan us ¼eqfLye fookg vf/kdkj laj{k.k½ dkuwu cuk;k A ;g dkuwu 1 vxLr 2019 dks rhu rykd dkuwu ykxw gqvk A gky gh esa dsUnz ljdkj us fnYyh esa 1 vxLr 2021 dks ^eqfLye efgyk vf/kdkj fnol euk;k A lqizh e dksVZ us ;g iw.kZ :i ls Li"V dj fn;k gS fd fookg vf/kdkj laj{k.k dkuwu 2019 ds vk/kkj ij rhu rykd ls lEcfU/kr vkjksih dks vfxze tekur ij jksd ugha gS ijUrq bl nj[kkLr dks fu;qfDr djus ls igys f'kdk;rdrkZ nq[kn efgyk ds c;ku ij Hkh jks'kuh Mkyuh gksxh A vc ifr viuh iRuh dks dHkh Hkh rhu rykd dgrk gS rks mls 3 lky dh ltk gks ldrh gS A eqfLyeksa esa bl dkuwu ds curs gh rhu rykd dh izFkk dks Øks/k vijk/k ds :i esa 'kkfey dj fy;k x;k gS A byk&byk rykd dh og izfØ;k gS ftlesa ifr viuh iRuh dks dle [kkdj [kqnk dks gkftj djds rykd nsrk gS vr% og iRuh ds lkFk pkj eghus rd dksbZ lEcU/k ugha cuk ldrk ftlds ckn fookg Lor% gh lekIr gks tkrk gS A ftgj&bl izdkj ds rykd esa ifr viuh iRuh dks lEcksf/kr djrk gS tks mlds fy, fu"ks/k gksrh gS tSls og viuh iRuh dh rqyuk viuh ekW] cgu ls djrk gS ftlls mldk fookg fu"ks/k gks tkrk gSA [kqyk&;g ,d vkSjr ds fy, rykd dk lcls vPNk fodYi gksrk gS bLyke ,d iRuh dks [kqyk ysus dk volj iznku djrk gS blesa iRuh viuh Lo;a dh bPNk ls vius ifr ls rykd ;kfu [kqyk ysrh gS A fy;ku&bl izdkj ds rykd esa ifr viuh iRuh ij O;kfHkpkj tSlk vkjksi yxkrk gS A ikjLifjd lgefr ls rykd&'kjh;r esa rykd ds fy, ,d vU; izLrko gS ^^eqckjr** ftlesa ifr iRuh vkilh lgefr ls rykd ysrs gSa blesa fdlh Hkh izdkj dk ncko ugha gksrk blesa ifr dks viuh iRuh dks esgj vnk djrk gS rRi'pkr iRuh dks bn~nr dh vof/k iw.kZ djuh gksrh gS A rykd&,&r¶oht&blesa iRuh dks fookg ds le; dqN vf/kdkj fn;s tkrs gSa ftuds vk/kkj ij rykd dh ekWx dh tk ldrh gS A rykd&,&r¶oht ,d 'kjbZ O;oLFkk gS bl O;oLFkk esa fudkg ds le; gh iRuh dks rykd ysus dk gd izkIr gksrk gS ;g fudkgukes esa fyf[kr gksrk gS vkSj lkFk gh lkFk ekSyoh dks bldk Kku gksrk gS vxjp Hkfo"; esa ifr iRuh esa vkil esa curh ugha gS rks og bl vf/kdkj dk iwjh rjg ls mi;ksx dj rykd dh ekWx dj ldrh gS A 'kjh;r esa rykd&fookg ftls eqfLye Hkk"kk esa fudkg dgk tkrk gS og ,d L=h ,oa iq:"k dk Lo;a dh bPNk ls ,d nwljs dks Lohdkjus dh dk;Z iz.kkyh gS bldh rhu voLFkk gSa& 1-

iq:"k vius oSokfgd thou ds mRrjnkf;Ro dks iw.kZ djus dh lkSxU/k ysA

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2-

,d fuf'pr lEifRr ;k vk; nksuksa i{kksa dh vkilh lgefr ls r; gks ftls esgj dgrs gSa A

3-

lekt esa bl uohu lEcU/k dks ?kksf"kr djsa A ifo= dqjku esa Li"V gS fd tgkW rd lEHkkfor gks rykd u gksA vxjp rykd nsuk

vko';d ,oa vfuok;Z gks tk; rks bl izfØ;k dks U;kf;d :i ls iw.kZ djsAa 'kjh;r ds vk/kkj ij rykd ds fy, fuEu ckrksa ij /;ku dsfUnzr djuk pkfg,& &

mRrsftr gksdj ;k vdLekr rykd nsuk vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy dks vR;Ur vfiz; gS lkFk gh lkFk ;g izfØ;k bLykfed 'kjh;r dh f'k{kk ds fo:) gS A

&

iRuh dks vfu.kkZ;d j[kuk vFkkZr u rykd nsuk vkSj u gh Lo;a ds lkFk j[kuk Hkh iki gS A vky bf.M;k eqfLye ilZuy ykW cksMZ ds lHkk/;{k ekSykuk lS;~;n jkc&,&glu unoh us

Li"V fd;k gS fd lekt esa rykd ds dkuwu ls lEcfU/kr yksxksa esa cM+s Lrj ij HkzkfUr;k¡ mRiUu gqbZ gSa ijUrq 'kjh;r esa rykd dh izfØ;k & &

;fn ifr iRuh esa feF;kHkkl gks rks igys os Lo;a mu valxfr;ksa dks [kRe djus dk

iz;kl

djsa D;ksafd gj ,d lkFkh esa xq.k ,oa ln~xq.k gksrs gSa A rhu rykd ds eqn~ns ls lEcfU/kr lg;ksxh O;fDr& 1-

'kkgckuks dsl ¼1985½&'kkgckuks bUnkSj dh jgus okyh 62 lky dh ,d vke efgyk Fkh 'kkgckuks ds ifr us mUgsa 1978 esa rhu rykd fn;k rRi'pkr rhu rykd ls lEcfU/kr eqn~nk lqf[kZ;ksa esa vk;k tc 'kkgckuks us vius ifr dks xqtkjsHkRrs dh ekWx dh rks muds ifr us Li"V :i ls dg fn;k eSa bldk ck/; ugha gwwW blds ckn 'kkgckuks us xqtkjsHkRrs ds ekeys dks lqizhe dksVZ esa igqWpk;k fQj lh-vkj-ih-lh- dh /kkjk&125 ij 1985 esa lqizhe dksVZ us xqtkjsHkRrs ij viuk fu.kZ; izLrqr fd;k /kkjk&125 rykd ds ekeys esa xqtkjkHkRrk ls lEcfU/kr Fkh 'kkgckuks ds c<+rs gq, xqtkjsHkRrs ds ekeys dks lqizhe dksVZ us e/;izns'k gkbZdksVZ ds fu.kZ; dks tkjh j[kk ijUrq tc ns'k esa bl ij vkifRr;kWa gksus yxh ml le; jktho xkW/kh dh ljdkj Fkh ftlus 1986 esa ,d dkuwu cuk;k ml dkuwu dks 1986 n eqfLye ckseus izksVsD'ku vkWQ jkbV ,DV ds uke ls tkuk x;k A bl dkuwu ds ekrgr efgykvksa dks dsoy bn~nr dh vof/k esa gh xqtkjkHkRrk feyus dh Lohd`fr feyh ml le; ds x`g jkT;ea=h vkfjQ ekSgEen [kku us jktho xkW/kh ljdkj ds bl fu.kZ; ds fo:) bLrhQk ns fn;k FkkA

2-

'kk;jk ckuks dsl ¼2016½&mRrjk[k.M ds dk'khiqj dh jgus okyh 'kk;jk ckuks og igyh efgyk Fkh ftUgksaus Qjojh 2016 esa rhu rykd] fudkg] gykyk ,oa cgq fookg dks cSu djus dh flQkfj'k dh vkSj lqizhe dksVZ esa blds fy, ,d ;kfpdk nk;j djk;h A 'kk;jk ckuks us vius ifr ij ;g vkjksi yxk;k Fkk fd mudk ifr gj rjg dh NksVh eksVh ckrksa ij muls

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>xM+rk jgrk Fkk vkSj gj fnu mUgsa ekjrk ihVrk Fkk ,d fnu muds ifr us Vsyhxzke ds tfj;s mUgsa rykdukek Hkst fn;k ftlds ckn 'kk;jk ckuks ,d eq¶rh ds ikl x;h vkSj iwNk fd Vsyhxzke ds }kjk Hkstk x;k rykd ekU; gS ;k ughA blds vykok 'kk;jk ckuks us fudkg&gykyk dks Hkh lqiazhe dksVZ esa tkdj pqukSrh nh A rhu rykd ls lEcfU/kr lcls igyk eqn~nk 1985 vkSj vc nwljk lkeus vk;k gSA 34 o"kZ esa nks ,sls volj vk;s ftl ij rhu rykd dk ekeyk lqizhe dksVZ esa x;k mlds ckn laln rd tk igqWpk vkSj gky gh esa bl ij dkuwu cuk fn;k x;k gS A tc 1985 esa 'kkgckuks dk eqn~nk lkeus vk;k Fkk ftudks U;k; fnykus ds fy, lqizhe dksVZ ds fu.kZ; dks laln ds }kjk dkuwu cukdj mls myV fn;k x;k Fkk A ogh vc laln esa gky gh esa ,d ,slk fo/ks;d ikfjr fd;k ftlesa fVªiy rykd dks ,d n.Muh; vijk/k dh Js.kh esa fxuk tk;sxk A bl dkuwu dks yksx 'kk;jk ckuks tS lh efgykvksa ds uke ls ;kn j[ksaxs D;ksafd 40 o"kZ dh og igyh ,slh efgyk Fkh ftUgksusa fVªi y rykd ds v/khu tkdj lqizhe dksVZ ds lkeus vkokt mBkbZ D;ksafd muds ifr us mUgsa Vsyhxzke ds }kjk rykdukek Hkstk Fkk A vxLr 2017 esa lqizhe dksVZ us 'kk;jk ckuks dh flQkfj'k ij rhu rykd ij viuk fu.kZ; lqukdj bls vlaoS/kkfud ?kksf"kr dj fn;k Fkk A rhu rykd dh leL;k,¡ fiNys le; esa efgyk;sa dsoy Lo;a dks ?kj ds dk;ksZa esa O;Lr j[krh Fkh o Lo;a vkfFkZd :i ls vius ifr ij fuHkZj jgrh gS bl izdkj dh fLFkfr esa vxj mudk ifr mUgsa rykd nsrk gS rks ,slh n;uh; fLFkfr esa og [kqn vius ?kj dh ,oa cPpksa dh ns[kHkky vkSj lkFk gh lkFk bu lHkh phtksa ds fy, iSls vftZr djus esa vusd izdkj dh leL;kvksa dks >syuk iM+rk gS ftldk cqjk izHkko muds thou ij iM+rk gS A blh dkj.k efgyk;sa HkkokRed :i ls VwV tkrh gSa ftlls bUgsa fcuk fdlh lgkjs ds lkjh foifRr;ksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk gS A rykd 'kCn efgykvksa ds fy, ,d rjg dk vfHk'kki cu x;k gS tks muds vkus okys iwjs thou dks cny dj ,oa u"V dj nsrk gS A dHkh&dHkh efgyk dk dksbZ nks"k u gksrs gq, Hkh mUgsa rykd dh fLFkfr ls xqtjuk iM+rk gS A Hkkjr ls igys nqfu;kHkj ds vf/kdrj 22 ns'kksa esa fVªiy rykd ij cSu yxk fn;k gS A ;gkW rd fd ikfdLrku tks Hkkjr ls vyx gksdj Lo;a ,d u;k ns'k cuk;k ml ns'k us Hkh viuh LFkkiuk ds 10 o"kksZa ckn 1956 esa fVªiy rykd ij izfrcU/k yxk fn;k Fkk A nqfu;k dk igyk ,slk ns'k felz gS ftlesa lcls igys rykd ij jksd yxk;h Fkh A blds ckn drj] bZjku] vythfj;k] tkWMZu] vjc tSls bLykfed ns'kksa us Hkh rhu rykd ij ikcUnh yxk nh Fkh A mn~ns';&

eqfLye efgykvksa esa rhu rykd ds izfr tkx:drk dk v/;;u djukA dqjku ,oa 'kjh;r ds mins'k ds izfr efgykvksa ,oa iq:"kksa dk tkx:d gksuk A

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lEcfU/kr lkfgR; dk v/;;u 'kkfyuh feJk vkSj ofVZdk tSu ¼2019½&bl 'kks/k i= esa 'kks/kdrkZ us dqjku ds izlax esa rykd&my&fcn~nr dh izFkk ds oSf'od

ifjn`'; dks izLrqr djus dk iz;kl fd;k gS A

vuqlU/kkudrkZ us iwoZxkeh fo"k; dk Hkh fo'ys"k.k fd;k gS ftls ¼'kk;jk ckuks cuke Hkkjrh; la?k rFkk vU; la?k½ ftlesa rhu rykd ds vijk/khdj.k dks tUe fn;k gS A dq'kokgk izrhd ¼2018½&;g ys[k rykd&my &fcn~nr dh lcls vko';d ;k=k ,oa eqfLye ifjokj dkuwu ls lkis{k eqn~nksa ls lEcfU/kr gSA bl i= dk eq[; mn~ns'; eqfLye efgyk fo/ks;d 2017 rFkk eqfLye efgykvksa ds ekSf[kd vf/kdkj dh lqj{kk ds fy;s Hkkjr esa rhu rykd dh fof/k ekU;rk ij /;ku dsfUnzr djuk gS A ukflj dknjh ¼2018½&bl 'kks/k i= esa ukflj dknjh us 'kkg ckuks dsk muds ifr fjtoku vgen }kjk fn, x, rykd ij foLr`r fooj.k izLrqr djus dk iz;kl fd;k gS A blhVk lwj ¼2018½&blhVk lwj us orZeku esa izpfyr fookg ij vf/kdkj dk laj{k.k fo/ks;d 2017 tks Hkkjr esa eqfLye efgyk ds le{k yEcs le; ls ,d u, fo"k; ds :i esa lkeus izLrqr gks jgkA ml ij viuk /;ku dsfUnzr fd;k bUgksaus crk;k fd vko';d ckr ;g gS fd fodkl ds bl nkSj esa Hkkjr esa izdV gqbZ eqfLye efgykvksa dh lfØ;rkokn gh ugha rFkkfi lEiznk; ds Hkhrj tuu lEcU/kh rdZ'khyrk izdV gqbZ gSA lejhu gqlSu ¼2010½&bLyke ,d ,slk /keZ gS tks fo'o ds lHkh /keksZa esa ls ,d gS] vkSj ;g ges'kk vfLrRo esa jgk A fdUrq bLyke /keZ dks dHkh mfpr izdkj ls le>k ugha x;k A ;g LFkk;h :i ls xyr <ax ls vkxs izLrqr gks jgk gS A bldk dkj.k ;gk¡ ds erkoyafEc;ksa dh vKkurk gS A bl v/;;u esa lejhu gqlSu us fVªiy rykd ls lEcfU/kr rdZ izLrqr fd;kA iSxEcj us lkekftd] jktuhfrd] vkfFkZd lHkh {ks=ksa esa efgykvksa dks iq:"kksa ds lkFk j[kus dh ckr dgh gS A fVªiy rykd tSlh izFkk dks lekIr djus ds fy;s bLykfed o dkuwuh nksuksa fof/k;ksa ls ifjfpr gksuk pkfg, A 'kks/k fof/k&izLrqr ys[k esa v/;;u ds mn~ns'; dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, o.kkZukRed 'kks/k fd;k x;k gS o.kkZRed 'kks/k izk:i ds vUrxZr izeq[k y{;ksa vkSj p;fur fo"k;ksa dh fo'ks"krkvksa dk foLrkjiwoZd o.kZu fd;k x;k gSA f}rh;d lzkrs ksa dk iz;ksx dj tSls bUVjusV] 'kks/k if=dk,W] v[kckj vkfn dks lfEefyr fd;k x;k gS A fu"d"kZ&rhu rykd ds ckjs esa ckr djs rks igys efgykvksa dks rhu rykd ds ckjs esa dksbZ tkudkjh ugha Fkh ysfdu tcls ;g eqn~nk lkeus vk;k rks yksxksa us rhu rykd ds izfr dkuwuh ,oa 'kjh;r ds vk/kkj ij rykd dh mfpr izfØ;k dks tkuus dk volj izkIr gqvk A 'kks/k i= fo'ks"k :i ls eqfLye ilZuy ykW] Hkkjr esa izpfyr rhu rykd dh izFkk ,oa bLyke esa rykd ds fu;eksa vkSj loksZPp U;k;ky;ksa ds fu.kZ; ij vk/kkfjr gS A Copyright © 2022, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

u'kjk QkRek & MkW- dqekj jktho jatu

(Pg. 17218-17225)

17225

rykd dks bLykfed rjhds ,oa dkuwuh 'kjh;r ds vk/kkj ij nsuk mfpr gS ijUrq vkt dh orZeku fLFkfr esa rykd dks ek= oSokfgd cU/ku ls eqfDr dk ik= le>k tkrk gS A rykd ,d mfpr vFkok vuqfpr nksuksa gh izdkj dh izfØ;k gS ysfdu ge bls fdl rjg mi;ksx esa yk jgs gSa ;k bl iz.kkyh dks viukus dk fu;e lgh gS ;k ugha ;g Hkh Li"V fd;k x;k gS A Rofjr rhu rykd ¼rykd&my&fcn~nr½ dks ge lgh iz.kkyh ls lqyg le>kSrs ls ,oa eqfLye ilZuy ykW ds rgr r; dj ldrs gSa A gky gh esa rhu rykd ¼rykd&my&fcn~nr½ ls lEcfU/kr tks Hkze iSnk gqvk gS mls lekt ds le{k Li"V :i ls mfpr izfØ;k dks mtkxj djus dk iz;kl fd;k gS A dqjku ds vuqlkj] ^^fookg dk egRo le; ds lkFk fuckZ/k gksuk gS] tcfd rykd ¼fookg foPNsn½ ,d ,slk fu.kZ; gS tks 'kqHk lEcU/k dks v'kqHk cukrk gS A** lUnHkZ xzUFk lwph Mishra, Shalini and Jain, Vertika. (2019) Triple Talaq - Islamisation of Women And Global Perspective, Published by Gazala Parveen in Constitutional law, Family Law, GEneral, Guest port, Weekly Competition-Week 3 December 2019. Kushwaha Prateek, (2018) "The Journey of Triple, Talaq in India" : Vol.-4, Issue- 2, (2018). Qadri Nasir (2018) Analysis of Triple Talaq Judgement Passed by Indian Supreme Court, Dec 8, 2018. Sur, E. (2018) : Triple Talaq Bill in India : Muslim Women as Political Subjects or Victim? Space and Culture India Vol-5, No.-3 Hussain, Samreen, (2010) : Triple Talaq : A Social Legal Alalysis, ILI, Review of Legal, Vol-1, No.-1, Page No.-130.

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