in marathi. by Scholarly Research Journal"s

SRJIS/BIMONTHLY/ KURAHADE SHUBHANGI SURYAKANT (2586-2593)

~r.ES> Aä¶mgH«$‘mVrb nmR>m§~m~V - ñd¶§‘yë¶m§H$Z d ghH$mè¶m§Zr Ho$boë¶m ‘yë¶m§H$ZmMo ñWmZ Hw$èhmS>o ew^m§Jr gy¶©H$m§V Ph.D A{g.àmÜ¶mnH$, AÜ¶mnH$ ‘hm{dÚmb¶ AaÊ¶oída,nwUo-9 gmam§e

~r.ES> Aä¶mgH«$‘mV {d{dY nmR>m§Mm g‘mdoe Ho$bobm Amho.¶m nmR>m§Mo ‘yë¶‘mnZ H$aVmZm Ho$di {ejH$ ‘yë¶‘mnZ H$ê$Z Ë¶mda A{^àm¶ XoV AgVmo.¶m~m~V g§emoYH$mbm ‘yë¶‘mnZmVrb {d{dY ‘yë¶‘mnZ nÕVtMm {dMma Ho$bm AgVm Ago bjmV Ambo H$s H$mhr nmR>m§~m~V {dÚmÏ¶mªZm ñd¶§‘yë¶m§H$Z d ghH$mè¶m§Zr Ho$boë¶m ‘yë¶m§H$ZmMm {dMma H$aÊ¶mgmR>r nS>Vmim gyMr,ê${~«H$ d nX{ZíM¶Z loUrMm dmna H$gm H$aVm ¶oB©b ¶mMm {dMma ‘m§S>bm Amho.Cƒ {ejUmV ñd¶§‘yë¶m§H$Z d ghH$mè¶m§Zr Ho$bobo ‘yë¶m§H$Z EH$ ì¶mnH$ Ñï>rZo Ho$bobo ‘yë¶m§H$Z Amho. H$s dS>©- ñd¶§‘yë¶m§H$Z, ghH$mè¶m§Zr Ho$bobo ‘yë¶m§H$Z c

Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com

àñVmdZm‘yë¶‘mnZ hr gVV MmbUmar à{H«$¶m Amho.{ejUnÕVrV ñd¶§ d ghH$mè¶m§Zr Ho$boë¶m ‘yë¶m§H$Zm‘wio {d{dY ~Xb KS>V Amho.ñd¶§‘yë¶m§H$Zm‘wio(Self Assessment) {dÚmWu ñdV:À¶m AÜ¶¶Z à{H«$¶oH$S>o A{YH$ bj XoVmo. Amnë¶m AÜ¶mnZmVrb Mm§Jë¶m ~m~r d H$‘VaVm ¶mMr Ë¶mbm OmUrd hmoVo.CƒñVar¶ H$m¡eë¶o {‘i{dÊ¶gmR>r Vmo à¶ËZ H$aVmo.BVam§er ghH$m¶m©Zo dmJÊ¶mMr àd¥Îmr ghH$mè¶m§Zr Ho$boë¶m ‘yë¶m§H$Zm‘wio (Peer Assessment )dmT>Vo.¶m‘wioM {dÚmÏ¶mªMr AÜ¶¶Z d AÜ¶mnZ à{H«$¶m A{YH$ {dH${gV H$aÊ¶mgmR>r ñd¶§ d ghH$mè¶m§Zr Ho$bobo ‘yë¶‘mnZ AË¶§V ‘hÎdmMo Amho. àË¶m^aUmÀ¶m à{H«$¶oV VrZ ‘mJmªZr àË¶m^aU (Feed back) XoVm ¶oVo.{ejH$mH$Sy>Z {dÚmÏ¶mªZm,{dÚmÏ¶mªH$Sy>Z {ejH$m§Zm d {dÚmÏ¶mªH$Sy>Z {dÚmÏ¶mªZm. (1998) ¶m§Zm {dÚmÏ¶mªZr {ejH$m§Zm {Xboë¶m JUNE-JULY , 2015, VOL. 2/10

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àË¶m^aUm‘wio AÜ¶mnH$m§À¶m AÜ¶¶Z à{H«$¶oV ~aoMgo ~Xb Pmbobo {XgyZ Ambo. (2003) ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$Z d ghH$èm¶m§Zr Ho$bobo ‘yë¶m§H$ZmV 11 AQ>tMr j‘Vm nyU© H$amì¶mV Ago åhQ>bo Amho. (1991) ñd¶§‘yë¶m§H$ZmV {dÚmÏ¶mªdm gh^mJ,¶mo½¶ ‘mZHo$ R>adyZ Ë¶mà‘mUo ‘yë¶m§H$Z d AmOrdZ {ejU ¶m~m~V gm§{JVbo. {d{dY {ejUVÁk ho {ejUmMr ‘mJ©Xe©H$ VÎdo d dJm©Vrb {dÚmÏ¶mªÀ¶mA AÜ¶¶ZmÀ¶m {d{dY g§Yr ¶m~m~V {dMma H$arV AmhoV,na§Vw {ejUmMr ‘mJ©Xe©H$ VÎdo d àË¶j A§‘b~OmdUr ¶mV ’$maH$V {XgVo.åhUyZM ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$Z d ghH$èm¶m§Zr Ho$bobo ‘yë¶m§H$Z ¶m~m~V AmnU {dMma H$aÊ¶mMr JaO Amho.(2006) ¶m§À¶m ‘Vo ‘yë¶‘mnZ à{H«$¶oV {dÚmÏ¶mªÀ¶m g{H«$¶ gh^mJm‘wio ‘yë¶‘mnZ aMZm,‘yë¶‘mnZm‘Yrb {d{dY n¶m©¶,d ‘yë¶‘mnZmMo {ZH$f R>a{dUo A{YH$ gmono OmVo. ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$Z (Self Assessment) Boud(1995) ¶m§À¶m ‘Vo - ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$ZmV {ZpíMV ‘mZHo$ R>adyZ Ë¶m~m~V {ZU©¶ KoUo d Ë¶m ‘mZ§H$m~amo~a Amnë¶m j‘VoMo JwUdÎVmnyd©H$ ‘yë¶‘mnZ H$ê$Z XOm© R>a{dUo ¶m XmoZ n¡by§Mm g‘mdoe hmoVmo. Andrade & Du(2007) ¶m§À¶m ‘Vo- - ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$ZmV {dÚmÏ¶mªÀ¶m (Formative Assessment) AH$m[aH$ ‘yë¶‘mnZmMm g‘mdoe hmoVmo.{dÚmWu ñdV:À¶m H$m‘mMr JwUdÎmm, AÜ¶m¶Z,{ZU©¶à{H«$¶m d nXdr ¶m§V g‘Ýd¶ gmÜÝ¶mMm à¶ËZ H$aVmo.¶m{edm¶ ñdV:À¶m H$m‘mVrb H$‘VaVm AmoiIyZ Ë¶mV ~Xb H$aVmo. 

ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$Z H$m H$am¶Mo?

ñdV:À¶m {ejUmVrb àJVrMm A§XmO KoÊ¶mgmR>r.

^{dî¶H$mimV H$m¶ {eH$m¶Mo? ¶mMm {ZU©¶ ñdV:À¶m j‘Vm AmoiIë¶mZ§Va KoVm ¶oB©b.

ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$ZmV ñd¶§AÜ¶¶ZmMo à{Vq~~ {XgVo.

ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$Zm‘wio {dÚmÏ¶m©bm ñdmV§Í¶ d O~m~Xmar ¶mMo ‘hÎd g‘OVo.

AÜ¶¶Z à{H«$¶oda Amnbr ñdV:Mr ‘mbH$s Amho Ago g‘OyZ {dÚmÏ¶m©Mo AÜ¶¶Z KS>Vo.

ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$Z Agë¶m‘wio Vr ~mhoê$Z bmXbobr à{H«$¶m Zmhr.

ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$ZmV AH$m[aH$ ‘yë¶‘mnZmda A{YH$ ^a {Xbm OmVmo.

ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$ZmV AÜ¶¶ZmÏ¶m©§Mr {d{dYVm,Ë¶m§Mr H$m‘m{df¶H$ ¿¶md¶mMr XjVm,Ë¶m§Zm ¶oUmam AZw^d d

nmíd©^‘y r ¶m§Mm {dMma Ho$bm OmVmo. 9)

ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$ZmV {dÚmÏ¶mªZm A{YH$ O~m~Xma ~Z{dÊ¶mgmR>r Ë¶m§Zr KoVbobo {ZU©¶ d AmOrdZ {ejU hr

AË¶§V ‘hËdmMr H$m¡eë¶o àmá hmoUo Amdí¶H$ Amho. 10) ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$Z åhUOo Amåhmbm AmYrM CÎmao ‘mhrV Agboë¶m àíZm§Mr CÎmao {bhUo Agm Zmhr Va AJXr EImÚm jUr Amboë¶m g‘ñ¶m gmoS>{dÊ¶mgmR>r Ho$bobm à¶ËZ hmo¶.

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

ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$Z à{H«$¶m H$m¶©pÝdV H$er H$amb?

gdm©V àW‘ {dÚmÏ¶mªZm H$moUVmhr {df¶,H$m¶©H«$‘mg§~§Yr ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$Z nÕVrMr AmoiI H$ê$Z XoUo Amdí¶H$

Amho. 2)

¶m CnH«$‘mMm Z¸$s hoVy H$moUVm Amho ho {dÚmÏ¶mªZm g‘OmdyZ gm§Jmdo.

{dÚmÏ¶mªZm Ë¶m§À¶mH$Sy>Z H$m¶ Ano{jV Amho ho g‘Omdo ¶mgmR>r ñnï> gyMZm Agmì¶mV.

ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$ZmV {dÚmÏ¶mªZm Ë¶m§Zr {Xboë¶m Iè¶m ‘m{hVr~m~V gwa{jVVm dmQ>ob ¶mMr ImÌr XoVm Ambr

nm{hOo. 5)

H$moUË¶mhr à{H«$¶oMr ‘mZHo$/{ZH$f R>>a{dVmZm {dÚmÏ¶mªMm gh^mJ KoD$Z Ë¶m~m~V ñnïVm Agbr nm{hOo.e³¶

Agë¶mg Ë¶m ‘mZH$m§er g§~§{YV Z‘wZm {dÚmÏ¶mªg‘moa R>do mdm. 6)

ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$ZmMr Or MmMUr V¶ma Ho$br OmB©b Ë¶mV AMwH$Vm,gà‘mUVm,{dídgZr¶Vm ¶m ~m~tMm {dMma

Ho$bm Amho H$m? ho Vnmgmdo. 7)

ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$ZmgmR>r V¶ma Ho$bobr MmMUr ghH$mè¶m§Zr H$amd¶mÀ¶m ‘yë¶m§H$ZmgmR>r dmnê$ eH$Vmo.

gd© CnH«$‘, AÜ¶¶Z d AÜ¶mnZ à{H«$¶oV {Z¶{‘VnUo AmnU ¶mMm dmna H$ê$ eH$Vmo.

R>a{dboë¶m ‘mZm§H$mMo {ZarjU H$ê$Z ì¶mdhm[aH$ H$m¡eë¶o àmá H$aÊ¶mgmR>r {dÚmWu à¶ËZ H$ê$ eH$Vm

10) ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$ZmV {dÚmÏ¶mªZm à{ejU d nwaogm gamd ¶m j‘Vm§Mm {dH$mg H$aUo Amdí¶H$ Amho.ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$ZmV g§X^u¶ {ZH$f V¶ma H$ê$Z Ë¶mà‘mUo nS>Vmim gyMr,ê${~«H$ nX{ZíM¶Z loUr ¶mgma»¶m V§ÌmMm dmna H$aVm ¶oVmo.{dÚmÏ¶mªZm Ë¶m§Mr ‘yë¶m§H$Z nÌ AmYrM XoD$Z Ë¶mMo {ZH$f ñnï> Ho$bo OmVmV.Ë¶mMà‘mUo AmnU ñdV: ‘yë¶m§H$Z H$m H$am¶Mo? ¶m~m~V hr ñnï> H$ënZm {Xbr OmVo. {dÚmWu ñdV:Mo H$m‘ nyU© Pmë¶mZ§Va JwU AWdm loUr XoD$ eH$VmV. ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$Zm‘wio {dÚmÏ¶mªMo AÜ¶¶Z ¶mo½¶ {XeoZo hmoVo H$s Zmhr åhUOoM {Xboë¶m {ZH$fm§à‘mUo AmnU H$m‘ H$arV AmhmoV H$s Zmhr ho g‘OVo,na§Vw Ë¶mgmR>r Ë¶m§Zm àoaUm XoUo AË¶§V ‘hÎdmMo Amho.  ghH$mè¶m§Zr Ho$bobo ‘yë¶m§H$Z (Peer Assessment) ghH$mè¶m§H$Sy>Z Ho$boë¶m ‘yë¶‘mnZmMr AZoH$ ê$no AmhoV.na§Vw ¶m{R>H$mUr EH$m {dÚmÏ¶m©Zr Xþgè¶m {dXmÏ¶m©Mo Ho$bobo ‘yë¶m§H$Z hmo¶.Ë¶mZo Ë¶m {dÚmÏ¶m©Zo Ho$boë¶m H$m‘m~m~V XOm© R>adyZ {Xbobm A{^àm¶ hmo¶.¶m{R>H$mUr EH$ {dÚmWu Xþgè¶m {dÚmÏ¶m©Mo ‘yë¶m§H$Z loUr XoD$Z H$ê$ eH$Vmo AWdm àË¶m^aU Úmdo Ago Ano{jV AgVo. Falchikov,( 2007) - “Peer assessment requires students to provide either feedback or grades (or both) to their peers on a product or a performance, based on the criteria of excellence for that product or event which students JUNE-JULY , 2015, VOL. 2/10

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may have been involved in determining” Boud,Cohen & Sampson(1999) Observe that “ If students are

expected to

put more effort into a course through their engagement in peer learning activities, then it may be necessary to have this effort recognized through a

commensurate shift

in assessment focus.”

Peer Assessment Mm dmna H$m H$am¶Mm? 1) Amnë¶m OrdZmVrb {dH$mgà{H«$¶oMm Peer Assessment EH$ ‘hÎdmMm ^mJ Amho. 2) Am¡nMm[aH$ {ejUmV {ejH$m§À¶m ^y{‘Ho$~amo~aM Amnë¶m ghH$mè¶mMr ^y{‘H$m hr {VVH$sM ‘hÎdmMr Amho. 3) ghH$mè¶m§Zr {Xboë¶m àË¶m^aUm‘wio ghH$m¶m©Ë‘H$ AÜ¶¶Zhr Mm§Jbo KSy> eH$Vo. 4) ghH$mè¶m§‘Yrb AÜ¶¶Zm~m~V Kvale(2006) ¶mZo “Cognitive apprenticeship model” V¶ma Ho$bo.Ë¶m§À¶m ‘Vo- {dÚmWu EH$‘oH$m§Vrb H$‘VaVm OmUyZ KoD$Z {ejUà{H«$¶m A{YH$ gwb^[aË¶m AmH$bZ hmoÊ¶mg ‘XV H$aVmV.  EH$m g§emoYZmV Agohr {XgyZ Ambo Amho H$s boIZ H$m¡eë¶mMm {dH$mg H$aÊ¶mgmR>r ghH$m¶m©Ë‘H$ AÜ¶¶ZmMm (Peer Learning) A{YH$ Mm§Jbm dmna Pmbm Amho. 5) {dÚmÏ¶mªH$Sy>Z {‘imboë¶m àË¶m^aUmV Ë¶m§À¶m H$m‘m~m~VÀ¶m {d{dY H$ënZm,doJù¶m nÕVrZo Ho$bobm {dMma,gwYmaUm d àmoËgmhZ {‘iy eH$Vo. 6) Peer Assessment

‘Ü¶o {ejH$ d {dÚmWu ¶m§À¶mVrb Ag‘Vmob Xÿa hmoÊ¶mg ‘XV hmoVo VgoM AÜ¶¶Z

à{H«$¶oVrb {dÚmÏ¶mªMo ñWmZ A{YH$ à^mdembr hmoVo. 7) Peer Assessment ho AÜ¶¶Z à{H«$¶m H$er KS>Vo,{dÚmÏ¶mªZm àmoËgmhZ d Ë¶m§À¶m H$ënZm§Zm A{YH$m{YH$ dmd XoÊ¶mgmR>r Amho. 8) ¶mV VmËH$mi àË¶m^aU {Xbo OmVo Ë¶m‘wio AH$m[aH$ ‘yë¶‘mnZ (Formative) Mm§Jë¶m àH$mao hmoD$ eH$Vo.¶mV {dÚmÏ¶m©Zo Xþgè¶m {dÚmÏ¶m©bm Ë¶mÀ¶m H$m‘m~m~V loUr AWdm A{^àm¶ XoUo ‘hÎdmMo AgVo. Peer Assessment {ejU à{H«$¶oMm ‘hÎdmMm ^mJ ~Zbm Amho. Amnë¶m ~r.ES> Aä¶mgH«$‘mV AmnU ¶mMm dmna gyú‘ AÜ¶mnZmnmgyZ H$arV AgVmo.gyú‘mÜ¶mnZmMo H$m‘ JQ>mV Mmby AgVmZm Omo {dÚmWu nw²T>o OmD$Z AÜ¶mnZ H$aVmo Ë¶mbm Ë¶mMo JQ>à‘wI àmÜ¶mnH$ Ë¶mMà‘mUo Ë¶mÀ¶m JQ>mVrb BVa ghAÜ¶¶ZmWu gwÕm Vm|S>r àË¶m^aU XoV AgVmV.Ë¶m‘wio Ë¶mbm Amnë¶m nmR>mVrb Mm§Jë¶m ~m~r d C{Udm bJoM g‘OVmV.VgoM Mm§Jë¶m H$m‘m~Ôb Amnë¶m ghH$mè¶m§H$Sy>Z àmoËgmhZhr {‘iVo.n[aUm‘r AÜ¶¶Z- AÜ¶mnZ à{H«$¶m Mm§Jbr KS>Vo. JUNE-JULY , 2015, VOL. 2/10

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Peer Assessment H$m¶©pÝdV H$go H$amb? 1){dÚmÏ¶mªZm gamd {Xë¶mg {dÚmWu ghH$mar {dÚmÏ¶m©Mo Mm§Jbo ‘yë¶m§H$Z H$ê$ eH$VmV. 2)nmR>m§~m~VÀ¶m {ZarjUmIoarO dJm©V XoIrb Peer Assessment Mm dmna H$ê$ eH$Vmo. CXm. JQ>MMm©,{d{eï> {df¶mda V¶ma Ho$boë¶m ZmoQ²>g,go‘rZma B. 3)¶mV ‘yë¶m§H$ZmMo {ZH$f AJXr ñnï> Agbo nm{hOoV. 4)àË¶mâU XoVmZm gd© {dÚmÏ¶mªZm gh^mJ {‘iob ¶mMr ImÌr H$ê$Z ¿¶m d Vm|S>r ñnï>rH$aU,{díbofU d gyMZm ho gd© KQ>H$ àË¶mâUmgmR>r Amdí¶H$ AmhoV.Vo Oa àË¶j Á¶mì¶º$sMo ‘yë¶m§H$Z Ho$bo Amho Ë¶mÀ¶mg‘moa bJoM (Face to face) Ho$bo Jobo Va A{YH$ Mm§Jbo hmoB©b. 5)e¡j{UH$ dmVmdaU A{YH$ Mm§Jbo hmoÊ¶mgmR>r Peer Assessment d Peer Learning ¶m‘Ü¶o g‘Ýd¶ gmYÊ¶mMm à¶ËZ H$am. 6)Peer Assessment d Teacher Assessment ¶m Xaå¶mZ nwaogm doi AgUo Amdí¶H$ Amho.åhUOo Peer Assessment Pmë¶mZ§Va {dÚmÏ¶m©bm Ë¶mÀ¶m MwH$m g‘OVrb d Z§Va {ejH$mZo ‘yë¶m§H$Z H$amdo. 7)àË¶j nmR> g§në¶mda bJoMM dJm©V Peer Assessment hmoUo Amdí¶H$ Amho.EH$Xm {dÚmWu dJm©Àm ~mhoa nS>bo d Z§Va H$mhr doimZo ho àË¶mâU KoVbo Va Vo {dídgZr¶ AgUma Zmhr. 8){dÚmÏ¶mªMo AÜ¶¶Z A{YH$ Mm§Jbo hmoÊ¶mgmR>r ghH$mè¶m§Zr àË¶mâU XoUo Amdí¶H$ Amho ¶mMr OmUrd H$ê$Z XoUo Amdí¶H$ Amho.EImXo ì¶m»¶mZ g§në¶mda {dÚmÏ¶mªZr EH$‘oµH$m§À¶m døm Vnmgmì¶mV.Ë¶m‘Ü¶o gXa ì¶m»¶mZm~m~V Amnë¶mbm Oo AmH$bZ Pmbo Amho Ë¶m g§X^m©Vrb A{^àm¶ {bhmdoV,¶m‘wio ì¶m»¶mZmVrb Ame¶mg§~§Yr H$mhr e§H$m Agë¶mg Ë¶m Xÿa hmoVrb.Ë¶m‘wio {dÚmÏ¶mª‘Ü¶o ghH$m¶m©Ë‘H$ AÜ¶¶ZmMo dmVmdaZ {Z‘m©U hmoB©b.hm A{^àm¶ ghH$mar AÜ¶¶ZmWu boIr,Vm|S>r AWdm MMm© H$ê$ZXoIrb XoD$ eH$VmV.¶mV gdm©V ‘hÎdmMo {dÚmÏ¶mªZm à{ejU XoUo ‘hÎdmMo Amho. Peer Assessment H$go H$amdo ¶m~m~V ñnï> gyMZm Úmì¶mV.H$moUË¶mhr {dÚmÏ¶mª~m~V nyd©J«h bjmV Z KoVm ho ‘yë¶m§H$Z ìhmdo.¶mÑï>rZo ~r.ES> Aä¶mgH«$‘mVXoIrb Amnë¶mbm Self Assessment

d Peer

Assessment Mm dmna H$aVm ¶oB©b.ñd¶§‘yë¶m§H$Z nmR> gwê$ hmoÊ¶mnydu d Peer Assessment nmR> gwê$ AgVmZm d ñd¶§‘yë¶m§H$Z nwÝhm nmR> g§në¶mda H$go H$aVm ¶oB©b ¶m~m~V g§emoYH$mZo nS>Vmim gyMr,ê${~«H$ d nX{ZíM¶¶Z loUrMm dmna H$gm H$aVm ¶oB©b ho gm§{JVbo Amho.

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{dÚmÏ¶m©Zo nmR> KoÊ¶mnydu Ho$bobo ñd¶§‘yë¶mH$Z àíZmW©H$ {dYmZo 1)nmR>Q>mMU ¶mo½¶ nm¶è¶mZwgma,ì¶mH$aUÑîQ>çm ¶mo½¶ V¶ma Ho$bo H$m? 2)doioÀ¶m CnbãYVoZwgma nmR>mMm Ame¶ {ZdS>bm H$m? 3) nmR>mVrb AÜ¶mnZ ‘wÔo V¶a Ho$bo H$m? 4)nmR>mMr C{Ôï>o {ZpíMV Ho$br H$m? 5)nmR>mVrb àíZm§Mr aMZm ¶mo½¶ Ho$br Amho H$m? 6)nmR>mVrb Ame¶mMo AÜ¶mnZ H$aÊ¶mgmR>r ¶mo½¶ g§X^©J«§Wm§Mm dmna Ho$bm H$m? 7)nmR>mgmR>r AZwê$n e¡j{UH$ gm{hË¶mMm dmna Ho$bm H$m? 8)nmR>mV ¶mo½¶ Ë¶m {R>H$mUr Jm^mKQ>H$,‘yë¶o d OrdZH$m¡eë¶o ¶m§Mm n[aM¶ H$ê$Z XoÊ¶mgmR>r ¶mo½¶ AÜ¶¶Z AZw^dm§Mr {ZdS> Ho$br H$m? 9){ZdS>boë¶m AÜ¶mnZ nÕVrZwgma nmR>Q>mMU Amho H$m? 10)nmR>mg§~§Yr nyd©kmZ OmJ¥V H$aÊ¶mgmR>r Zm{dÝ¶nyd©H$ {dMma Ho$bm Amho H$m? 11)g§H$bZmVrb àíZm§‘Ü¶o dñVy{Zð>/bKwÎmar/XrKm}Îmar/‘wº$/CƒñVar¶ àíZm§Mm g‘mdoe Ho$bm Amho H$m? 12) nmR>‘mJ©Xe©Z KoÊ¶mnydu AmnUmbm AÜ¶mnZ H$aVmZ ¶oUmè¶m AS>MUtMr ¶mXr V¶ma Ho$br H$m? 13) Cn¶moOZ nmVirdarb àíZm§Mr H$m{R>Ê¶nmVir Vnmgbr H$m? 14) ’$bH$boIZmMo ¶mo½¶ {Z¶moOZ Ho$bo H$m? 15) ñdmÜ¶m¶ {dÚmÏ¶mªÀ¶m H¥$Vrbm dmd XoUmam Amho H$m?

hmo¶

Zmhr

nmR> gwé AgVmZm ghH$mar AÜ¶mnH$mZo H$amd¶mMo ‘yë¶m§H$Z Ame¶

àñVmdZm

{MÌo,ZH$mem/ AmboI ¶m§Mm dmna H$ê$Z àíZ {dMmabo.

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9){dÚmÏ¶mªMm gh^mJ 10)Peer Assessment d Teacher Assessment ¶m§À¶m JwUmVrb ‘yë¶Vm Aem àH$mao nmR> gwê$ hmoÊ¶mnydu,nmR> gwê$ AgVmZm d nmR> Pmë¶mZ§Va Amnë¶mbm ñd¶§ ‘yë¶m§H$Z d ghH$mè¶m§Zr Ho$bobo ‘yë¶m§H$Z ¶mMm dmna H$aVm ¶oB©b. g§X^©gyMr Andrade, H. & Du, Y. (2007). Student responses to criteria-referenced selfAssessment. Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, 32 (2), 159181 Boud, D. (1995). Enhancing learning through self-assessment. London: Kogan Page Boud, D. & Falchikov, N. (2006) Aligning assessment with long-term learning. Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, 31(4), 399-413. Boud, D. & Falchikov, N. (2007). Rethinking assessment in higher education. London: Kogan Page.

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